JP5372076B2 - Gas turbine combustor and gas turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gas turbine combustor capable of enhancing a cooling effect around the weld line of an inner cylinder, and a gas turbine having the same. <P>SOLUTION: The gas turbine combustor 2 is arranged in a space 9 in the casing of a gas turbine 1. The inner cylinder 12 of the combustor 2 is formed in a cylindrical shape by making ends of plate members of a curved shape be butted against each other and welding them along a weld line 16. There is provided a communication pipe 20 for communicating the internal space of the inner cylinder 12 with then internal space of the inner cylinder 12 of the adjacent combustor 2. The position of the weld line 16 of the inner cylinder 12 is matched with the connecting position of the communication pipe 20 to the inner cylinder 12. A cooling air hole for introducing cooling air from the space 9 in the casing to the inside of the internal cylinder 12 is formed in the communication pipe 20 or in the vicinity of the communication pipe of the cylindrical member. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2013,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a gas turbine combustor that is stored in a vehicle interior space of a gas turbine and generates combustion gas, and a gas turbine using the same.

Gas turbine combustors are exposed to harsh high temperature environments. Therefore, conventionally, a cylindrical member in which a large number of flow paths for flowing a cooling medium are formed is used as a constituent member of a gas turbine combustor.
For example, Patent Literature 1 describes an inner cylinder of a gas turbine combustor in which a plurality of air flow grooves through which air as a cooling medium flows are formed.

The inner cylinder of a gas turbine combustor is generally formed into a cylindrical shape by bending a plate member having a flow path through which a cooling medium flows therein, and then butting and welding the end portions of the curved plate member. The
For example, in Patent Document 2, a plate member having a plurality of fins on the surface is joined to the other plate member to form a plate member in which a space between adjacent fins serves as a flow path for a cooling medium. Thereafter, it is described that the plate member is bent by cold press molding.
Further, in Patent Document 3, when producing an inner cylinder composed of a plurality of inner cylinder rings and a corrugated plate ring welded between adjacent inner cylinder rings, the inner cylinder ring and the corrugated plate ring are paired with a semicylindrical body. And welding these pair of semi-cylindrical bodies along the weld line.

JP-A-5-44927 JP 2010-281225 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-8590

  Since the conventional gas turbine combustor is cooled by flowing a cooling medium such as air or steam through a flow path formed inside the inner cylinder, it can withstand a severe high temperature environment. However, in recent years, since the combustion temperature has been increased from the viewpoint of higher efficiency, development of a highly reliable gas turbine combustor that can withstand a severer high temperature environment has been expected.

As a result of intensive studies by the present inventors in order to meet such expectations, the periphery of the weld line that cannot form the flow path through which the cooling medium flows is not sufficient compared to other parts. It has been clarified that the metal temperature rises and causes damage such as cracks.
In this regard, Patent Documents 1 to 3 do not disclose any method for increasing the cooling effect around the weld line of the inner cylinder.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the above-mentioned situation, and it aims at providing the gas turbine combustor which increased the cooling effect around the weld line of an inner cylinder, and a gas turbine provided with the same.

  A gas turbine combustor according to the present invention is a combustor disposed in a vehicle interior space of a gas turbine, and is formed by abutting end portions of curved plate members and welding along a weld line. A cylindrical member through which combustion gas flows, and a communication pipe for communicating the internal space of the cylindrical member with the internal space of the cylindrical member of an adjacent combustor, and the position of the weld line is the communication line A cooling air from the vehicle interior space is introduced into the tubular member in the vicinity of the communicating tube or the communicating tube of the tubular member, which coincides with the connection position of the tube to the tubular member. A cooling air hole is provided.

  In this gas turbine combustor, the cooling air hole is provided in the vicinity of the communication pipe or the communication pipe of the cylindrical member, so that the cooling air introduced from the vehicle interior space through the cooling air hole is inside the cylindrical member. It flows into the space and flows in the form of a film along the inner wall surface of the cylindrical member on the downstream side of the combustion gas flow. Here, the position of the weld line coincides with the connection position of the communication pipe to the tubular member. Therefore, the inner wall surface of the cylindrical member around the weld line is blocked by the cooling air flowing in the form of a film on the downstream side of the combustion gas flow, and is not directly exposed to the high-temperature combustion gas. In this way, the increase in the metal temperature is suppressed around the weld line of the cylindrical member mainly by film cooling.

It is preferable that the gas turbine combustor further includes a resonance device provided on an outer surface of the cylindrical member so as to avoid the weld line.
By arranging the resonance device so as to avoid the weld line in this way, the periphery of the weld line of the cylindrical member is directly exposed to the vehicle interior space, and the weld line is covered with the resonance device. In comparison, heat radiation from the periphery of the weld line of the tubular member to the vehicle interior space is promoted, and a greater cooling effect is obtained.

A gas turbine according to the present invention includes the above-described gas turbine combustor, a passenger compartment that houses the gas turbine combustor, and a compressed air that is accommodated in the passenger compartment and that serves as combustion air through the passenger compartment space. A compressor that supplies the gas turbine combustor to the gas turbine combustor, and a turbine that is housed in the passenger compartment and driven by the combustion gas generated by the gas turbine combustor, wherein a part of the compressed air is the cooling air. As described above, the air flows into the cylindrical member through the cooling air hole.
According to this gas turbine, a part of the compressed air generated by the compressor flows into the inner space of the cylindrical member from the vehicle interior space via the cooling air hole, and the inner wall surface of the cylindrical member around the weld line Therefore, the increase in the metal temperature around the weld line of the tubular member is suppressed.

  According to the present invention, since the cooling air hole is provided in the vicinity of the communication pipe or the communication pipe of the cylindrical member, the cooling air introduced from the vehicle interior space through the cooling air hole is the internal space of the cylindrical member. And flows in the form of a film on the downstream side of the combustion gas flow along the inner wall surface of the cylindrical member. Here, the position of the weld line coincides with the connection position of the communication pipe to the tubular member. Therefore, the inner wall surface of the cylindrical member around the weld line is blocked by the cooling air flowing in the form of a film on the downstream side of the combustion gas flow, and is not directly exposed to the high-temperature combustion gas. In this way, the increase in the metal temperature is suppressed around the weld line of the cylindrical member mainly by film cooling.

It is sectional drawing which shows the structural example of a gas turbine. It is a figure which shows the detailed structure of the inner cylinder of a gas turbine combustor. It is sectional drawing along the AA line in FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a region indicated by B in FIG. 3. It is a figure which shows the flow of the cooling air around the communicating pipe of the inner cylinder of a gas turbine combustor. It is a figure which shows a mode that the inner cylinder of a gas turbine combustor is produced, (a) is a top view which shows the plate member of the flat state before shaping | molding, (b) is welding after shape | molding a plate member in a curved shape It is a perspective view which shows the inner cylinder obtained by doing. It is a figure which shows the flow of the cooling air when the cooling air hole is provided in the vicinity of the communication pipe in the inner cylinder of the gas turbine combustor.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified, and are merely illustrative examples. Only.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of a gas turbine. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a detailed structure of an inner cylinder (cylindrical member) of the gas turbine combustor. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a region indicated by B in FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the flow of cooling air around the communication pipe of the inner cylinder of the gas turbine combustor.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the gas turbine 1 includes a gas turbine combustor (hereinafter simply referred to as “combustor”) 2, a compressor 4, and a turbine 6. The combustor 2 is accommodated in a substantially annular vehicle interior space 9 formed around the rotor 3 by the vehicle interior 8 at a position between the compressor 4 and the turbine 6. Although only one combustor 2 is shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of combustors 2 are actually arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3.

  Each combustor 2 includes a nozzle 10 for injecting fuel, an inner cylinder (combustor liner) 12 in which the fuel injected from the nozzle 10 is combusted, and a tail for guiding combustion gas generated in the inner cylinder 12 to the turbine 6 side. And a tube (transition piece) 14.

  Although the details will be described later, the inner cylinder 12 is formed in a cylindrical shape by abutting end portions of curved plate members and performing plasma welding along the welding line 16. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of flow passages 13 extending along the flow direction of the combustion gas inside the inner cylinder 12 are formed inside the wall surface of the inner cylinder 12. A cooling air inlet 17 is provided on the outer surface of the inner cylinder 12, and a cooling air outlet 18 is provided on the inner surface of the inner cylinder 12, and each flow path 13 has a cooling air inlet 17 and a cooling air outlet 18. Communicating with Thereby, the cooling air from the vehicle interior space 9 is introduced into each flow path 13 from the cooling air inlet 17, flows through each flow path 13, and then is discharged from the cooling air outlet 18 to the inner space of the inner cylinder 12. It has become.

  A resonance device (also referred to as an acoustic liner) 15 for suppressing combustion vibration is attached to the outer surface of the inner cylinder 12. The resonance device 15 is arranged so as to avoid the weld line 16. In other words, the resonance device 15 is provided over substantially the entire circumference of the inner cylinder 12, but the resonance device 15 is not provided in the region around the weld line 16. Therefore, the periphery of the weld line 16 of the inner cylinder 12 is directly exposed to the vehicle interior space 9, and heat radiation from the periphery of the weld line 16 of the inner cylinder 12 to the vehicle interior space 9 is promoted.

As shown in FIG. 3, the inner cylinders 12 of the adjacent combustors 2 are connected by a communication pipe 20. The communication pipe 20 is provided between the connection short pipe 22 attached to the outer surface of the inner cylinder 12 by welding, and the connection short pipe 22 of the inner cylinder 12 of the combustor 2 adjacent to the connection short pipe 22. The connecting tube 24 is used. The connecting short pipe 22 and the connecting pipe 24 are connected by fastening the flanges 22A and 24A with arbitrary fastening members.
In this way, by connecting the inner cylinders 12 of the adjacent combustors 2 with the communication pipe 20, the internal spaces of the inner cylinders 12 of the adjacent combustors 2 are in communication with each other.

As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of cooling air holes 23 are provided in the connection short pipe 22 of the communication pipe 20. Thereby, a part of the compressed air generated by the compressor 4 is introduced as cooling air from the vehicle interior space 9 through the cooling air hole 23 into the connecting short pipe 22. Note that the shape, size, number, arrangement, and the like of the cooling air holes 23 are not particularly limited, and may be appropriately set according to the amount of cooling air to be introduced into the communication pipe 20 through the cooling air holes 23. preferable.
Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the cooling air introduced into the connecting short tube 22 is then introduced into the inner cylinder 12 and flows along the inner wall surface 12 </ b> S of the inner cylinder 12. It flows in the form of a film to the downstream side.

  Here, in this embodiment, the position of the welding line 16 (see FIG. 1) of the inner cylinder 12 and the connection position of the communication pipe 20 (specifically, the connecting short pipe 22) to the inner cylinder 12 coincide with each other. Yes. The inner cylinder 12 having such a configuration is manufactured as follows, for example.

  FIG. 6 is a view showing how the inner cylinder 12 is manufactured, FIG. 6A is a plan view showing a plate member in a flat state before forming, and FIG. 6B is a view showing forming the plate member into a curved shape. It is a perspective view which shows the inner cylinder 12 obtained by welding after doing.

As shown to Fig.6 (a), the plate member 30 before shaping | molding is flat plate shape. In the plate member 30, an opening 32 is provided at a connection location of one connecting short tube 22, and semicircular cutouts (34 </ b> A, 34 </ b> B) that later become an opening 34 are connected to the connecting location of the other connecting short tube 22. Is provided. The plate member 30 is formed with the flow path 13, the cooling air inlet 17, and the cooling air outlet 18 shown in FIG.
The plate member 30 is formed into a cylindrical shape by press molding, the end portions (31A, 31B) of the plate member 30 are butted together, and plasma welding is performed along the weld line 16, as shown in FIG. The inner cylinder 12 is obtained. Finally, the connecting short tube 22 is attached to the positions of the openings 32 and 34 of the inner cylinder 12 by welding. Thereby, the inner cylinder 12 in which the position of the welding line 16 coincides with the connection position of the connecting short pipe 22 (that is, the position of the opening 34) is obtained.

  As described above, in this embodiment, since the cooling air hole 23 is provided in the communication pipe 20 (specifically, the connecting short pipe 22), the vehicle interior space 9 is connected to the communication pipe 20 via the cooling air hole 23. The introduced cooling air flows into the inner space of the inner cylinder 12 and flows in the form of a film along the inner wall surface 12S of the inner cylinder 12 on the downstream side of the combustion gas flow. Here, the position of the welding line 16 coincides with the connection position of the communication pipe 20 (specifically, the connecting short pipe 22) to the inner cylinder 12 (that is, the position of the opening 34). Therefore, the inner wall surface 12S of the inner cylinder 12 around the weld line 16 is blocked by the cooling air flowing in the form of a film on the downstream side of the combustion gas flow, and is not directly exposed to the high-temperature combustion gas. In this way, the increase in the metal temperature around the weld line 16 of the inner cylinder 12 is mainly suppressed by film cooling.

The resonance device 15 attached to the outer surface of the inner cylinder 12 is arranged so as to avoid the welding line 16. Therefore, the periphery of the weld line 16 of the inner cylinder 12 is directly exposed to the vehicle interior space 9, and from the periphery of the weld line 16 of the inner cylinder 12 compared to the case where the weld line 16 is covered with the resonance device 15. The heat radiation to the vehicle interior space 9 is promoted, and a greater cooling effect is obtained.
Furthermore, the cooling air leaking from the flange joint surfaces of the connecting short pipe 22 and the connecting pipe 24 also has an effect of cooling the outer wall surface of the inner cylinder 12 around the connecting short pipe 22, Cooling can be performed more reliably.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described in detail, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to this, In the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, various improvement and deformation | transformation may be performed.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, the example in which the cooling air hole 23 for introducing the cooling air into the inner space of the inner cylinder 12 is provided in the communication pipe 20 (specifically, the connecting short pipe 22) has been described. The hole may be provided in the vicinity of the connecting short tube 22 of the inner cylinder 12. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the flow of cooling air around the communication pipe 20 when the cooling air hole is provided in the vicinity of the connecting short pipe 22.
As shown in FIG. 7, a cooling air hole 25 is provided in the vicinity of the connecting short tube 22. Thereby, like the above-mentioned embodiment, the cooling air introduced into the inner cylinder 12 from the cooling air hole 25 is filmed along the inner wall surface 12S of the inner cylinder 12 to the downstream side in the combustion gas flow direction. It flows in a shape. Therefore, the inner wall surface 12S of the inner cylinder 12 around the weld line 16 is blocked by the cooling air flowing in the form of a film on the downstream side of the combustion gas flow, and is not directly exposed to the high-temperature combustion gas.
The shape, size, number, arrangement, and the like of the cooling air holes 25 are not particularly limited, and may be appropriately set according to the amount of cooling air to be introduced into the inner cylinder 12 through the cooling air holes 25. preferable.

  Moreover, although the above-mentioned embodiment demonstrated the example in which the inner cylinder 12 has the some flow path 13 extended along the flow direction of a combustion gas, the welding line 16 of the inner cylinder 12 leads to the inner cylinder 12 of the communicating pipe 20. As long as it matches the connection position, the inner cylinder 12 is not limited to this example. For example, the inner cylinder 12 may be such that the flow path 13 is inclined with respect to the flow direction of the combustion gas, or the flow path 13 is bent or curved.

In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the inner cylinder 12 is obtained by forming a single plate member 30 into a cylindrical shape and then butting both ends (31A, 31B) and welding them has been described. There may be a plurality of plate members 30 used for manufacturing 12.
For example, the cylindrical inner cylinder 12 may be manufactured by forming two plate members into a curved shape (circular arc shape) and then welding the end portions together. In this case, since the number of welding lines 16 of the inner cylinder 12 is two, it is preferable to match the position of each welding line 16 with the connection position of the corresponding communication pipe 20 to the inner cylinder 12. Thereby, the cooling effect of the inner cylinder 12 around each welding line 16 can be increased.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, an example in which the periphery of the weld line 16 of the inner cylinder 12 is cooled has been described. However, the present invention is formed by abutting the ends of curved plate members and welding along the weld line. It can be widely used to cool the periphery of the weld line of the cylindrical member through which the combustion gas flows. For example, when the tail tube 14 is formed by abutting the ends of curved plate members and welding along the weld line, the present invention is applied to cool the periphery of the weld line of the tail tube 14. Also good.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gas turbine 2 Combustor 3 Rotor 4 Compressor 6 Turbine 8 Car interior 9 Car interior space 10 Nozzle 12 Inner cylinder (tubular member)
12S inner wall surface 13 flow path 14 tail tube 15 resonance device 16 welding line 17 cooling air inlet 18 cooling air outlet 20 communication pipe 22 connecting short pipe 22A flange 23 cooling air hole 24 connecting pipe 25 cooling air hole 24A flange 30 plate member 31A end Part 31B End part 32 Opening 34 Opening 34A Notch 34B Notch

Claims (3)

A combustor disposed in a passenger compartment of a gas turbine,
A cylindrical member formed by welding the end portions of the curved plate members together and welding along the weld line;
A communication pipe for communicating the internal space of the cylindrical member with the internal space of the cylindrical member of the adjacent combustor,
The position of the weld line coincides with the connection position of the communication pipe to the tubular member;
A gas turbine characterized in that a cooling air hole for introducing cooling air from the vehicle interior space into the cylindrical member is provided in the vicinity of the communication pipe or the communication pipe of the cylindrical member. Combustor.   The gas turbine combustor according to claim 1, further comprising a resonance device provided on an outer surface of the cylindrical member so as to avoid the weld line. A gas turbine combustor according to claim 1;
A vehicle housing the gas turbine combustor;
A compressor housed in the vehicle compartment and supplying compressed air as combustion air to the gas turbine combustor through the vehicle interior space;
A turbine housed in the passenger compartment and driven by combustion gas generated by the gas turbine combustor,
A part of the compressed air flows into the cylindrical member as the cooling air through the cooling air hole.

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