JP5364938B2 - Quick attachment / detachment device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a quick mounting/dismounting device assuring high safety and capable of performing quick mounting/dismounting operation. <P>SOLUTION: The quick mounting/dismounting device is for mounting an object to be supported on a support and has a mounting/dismounting part 1 to be attached to the object to be supported and a body 3 to be attached to the support. The mounting/dismounting part 1 has approximately a trapezoidal shape, and at a pair of side edges thereof, parts to be fixed 2 each having a slope are formed. The body 1 is furnished with an accommodation part 4 to accommodate the mounting/dismounting part 1, and the accommodation part 4 is provided with a fixing part 5 having slopes formed complementarily to the parts to be fixed 2. The accommodation part 4 is furnished with a cam follower 22 and an energizing means 25, while the mounting/dismounting part 1 is provided with a recess 13. The recess 13 is furnished with an intrusion cam 15, fixing cam 16, and a retreat cam 17, arranged from the upper bottom to the lower bottom in the sequence. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2013,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a quick attachment / detachment device for detachably fixing a support such as various devices such as a camera, instruments, tools, and furniture legs to a support such as a tripod, a pan head, a stand, and furniture.

  A quick shoe for quickly attaching and detaching a camera or the like to a support such as a tripod will be described as an example of a quick attachment / detachment device.

  The quick shoe generally has a plate-like attachment / detachment portion that is attached in advance to a supported body such as a camera, and a main body that is attached in advance to a support body such as a tripod, and the attachment / detachment portion is attached to the body by a fixing means provided in the main body. By fixing to the support, the supported body is fixed to the support.

  For example, the quick shoe described in the following Patent Document 1 has a substantially trapezoidal attachment / detachment portion in plan view, and a fixed portion having an inclined surface projecting outward on the pair of side sides is formed. Has been. On the other hand, the main body is formed with a fixing portion having an overhanging inclined surface complementary to a pair of side edges of the fixed portion, and a large load resistance is secured by utilizing a so-called wedge effect. When the detachable part is fixed to the main body, the detachable part is loaded at an approximately intermediate position of the main body and moved forward. As the fixing means, a structure is adopted in which a locking hole is provided in the inclined surface of the attaching / detaching portion, and a locking claw is protruded from the overhanging inclined surface of the main body and is engaged with and supported by the locking hole. ing.

  JP-A-7-131682

  However, the quick attachment / detachment device as described above has a drawback that if the operator accidentally performs a release operation, a supported body such as a camera is likely to rotate forward and fall.

  This point will be described in more detail. When viewed from the operator, the attaching / detaching portion has a substantially trapezoidal shape in plan view, and is usually installed such that the upper base is forward and the lower base is rearward. When the supported body is a camera, a lens is installed on the upper bottom side. The detachable part is usually screwed into a screw hole on the bottom of the camera body. The lens often has a relatively large mass with respect to the camera body, and the lens protrudes forward. Therefore, the center of gravity of the entire camera is in front of the attaching / detaching portion.

  When the operating lever of the main body is operated to first retract the locking claw and then the retractable portion is further retracted to eliminate the sticking to the main body, the attachable / detachable portion does not receive any fixing action. Note that, for example, when the hand is released from the operation lever in this state, the operation lever returns to the original position, but since the attaching / detaching portion is retracted, the locking claw cannot enter the locking hole.

  Since the center of gravity of the camera is in front of the detachable part, the camera starts to rotate autonomously, that is, in the direction in which the lens is lowered. The detachable part has a substantially trapezoidal shape in plan view, and is installed so that the upper base is at the front and the lower base is at the rear, and the cross-sectional shape of the detachable part is substantially trapezoidal due to the inclined surface projecting outward toward the lower side. There is an upper base above and a lower base below.

  At this time, when the camera screwed to the attaching / detaching portion starts to rotate downward, the lower front end of the attaching / detaching portion becomes a fulcrum of rotation. Then, the detachable part starts to retreat while rotating autonomously with respect to the main body. This is an inevitable movement due to the shape of the detachable part. When the attaching / detaching portion is retracted by a predetermined amount with respect to the main body, the attaching / detaching portion is detached from the main body. Thereby, a to-be-supported body may fall and be damaged, and there also exists a possibility of falling on an operator's body.

  The quick attachment / detachment device according to the present invention is a quick attachment / detachment device for attaching a supported body to a support, and an attachment / detachment portion (1) attached to the support and a main body (3) attached to the support. The detachable portion (1) has a substantially trapezoidal shape in which the length of the upper base is smaller than the length of the lower base when seen in a plan view, and the pair of side sides of the detachable portion (1) has a lower side. A fixed portion (2) having an inclined surface projecting outward is formed, and the main body (3) is complementary to the detachable portion (1) for accommodating the detachable portion (1). A substantially trapezoidal accommodating portion (4) is provided, and the accommodating portion (4) has an inclined surface complementary to the inclined surface of the fixed portion (2) of the detachable portion (1). A fixing portion (5) having a fixing means for fixing the detachable portion (1) to the main body (3), A cam follower (provided on the main body (3)) that protrudes to the inside of the housing portion (4) and is movable in a direction orthogonal to the insertion direction of the detachable portion (1) with respect to the housing portion (4). 22), urging means (25) for urging the cam follower (22) along the orthogonal direction, an operation part (21) for moving the cam follower (22), and the detachable part (1) And a recess (13) for receiving the cam follower (22) when the attachable / detachable part (1) is accommodated in the accommodating part (4). An entry cam (15), a fixed cam (16), and a retreat cam (17) are provided in order from the upper bottom side to the lower bottom side of the part (1), and the entry cam (15) The detachable part (1) is inserted into the accommodating part (4). The cam follower (22) is engaged with the cam follower (22) to move the cam follower (22) against the biasing force of the biasing means (25), and the fixed cam (16) (1) is further inserted into the housing part (4), the cam follower (22) is disengaged from the entry cam (15), and the cam follower (22) is urged (25). ) Is engaged with the cam follower (22) to move the detachable portion (1) in the insertion direction with respect to the accommodating portion (4), and the retracting cam (17) moves the cam follower (22) in a direction opposite to the urging direction by operating the operating portion (21) in a state where the detachable portion (1) is attached to the accommodating portion (4). When engaged, it engages with the cam follower (22) The attachment / detachment portion (1) is shaped to move in the direction of pulling out from the accommodating portion (4).

  The supported body may be various devices such as a camera, instruments, tools, or furniture legs. The initial support may be a stand such as a tripod or a furniture body. The operation unit may be a swinging lever.

  In the quick attachment / detachment device according to the present invention, the recessed portion of the attachment / detachment portion is provided so that the approach cam, the fixed cam, and the reverse cam are engaged with the cam follower from the upper bottom to the lower bottom direction of the attachment / detachment portion, that is, in order from the front. It has been. The attachment / detachment portion has a substantially trapezoidal shape in plan view, and a fixed portion having an inclined surface projecting outward toward the lower side is formed on a pair of sides thereof, and the accommodating portion has a substantially base complementary to the attachment / detachment portion. A fixing portion having an inclined surface complementary to the fixed portion is formed at the position of the pair of side edges of the shape. Therefore, when the fixing means functions and the detachable portion moves forward with respect to the accommodating portion, the detachable portion is firmly fixed to the accommodating portion by a so-called wedge effect and is in a fixed state. Therefore, in order to detach the detachable portion from the accommodating portion, the fixed state must be released.

  Now, since the retracting cam that releases the fixed state is located behind the fixed cam, the fixed state is not released unless the operation portion is operated largely. Therefore, even if the operation unit is operated by mistake, the fixing state is not released if the operation width is small, so that the detachable unit does not detach from the storage unit.

  In most cases, the operation unit is erroneously operated when a hand, a strap, or a cable accidentally hits the operation unit, and its operation time is short. The cam follower is always urged in a direction to engage with the fixed cam by the urging means. Therefore, even if the operation unit is operated by mistake, for example, if the operation width is small, the cam follower can return to the position where it engages with the fixed cam while the fixed state is maintained, so the supported body continues to maintain the fixed state. So it is safe. Further, for example, if the supported body is a camera, the photographing operation is not affected at all.

  If the operation range of the erroneous operation unit is large, the cam follower is engaged with the retracting cam, and the fixed state is released. In this case, for example, if the supported body is a camera, the front lens starts to rotate downward, but the inertial mass of the camera is relatively large, and its angular velocity is small at the beginning of rotation. On the other hand, since the inertial mass of the cam follower is relatively small and is biased in the direction of the fixing operation by the biasing means, the cam follower can be returned to the position where it is engaged with the fixed cam in a very short time. Therefore, even if the operation range of the erroneous operation unit is large, the support body can be returned to the fixed state before it is detached.

  In addition, an approach cam is provided in front of the fixed cam. When fixing the supported body, if the upper part of the detachable part is placed so as to drop from the upper part to a position near the upper and lower parts of the accommodating part and then moved forward, The cam follower can be moved against the biasing means. That is, the cam follower does not have to be moved by hand, for example, so that the fixing work can be performed quickly.

  Furthermore, in the quick attachment / detachment device of the present invention, for example, since safety is ensured without providing a safety device such as a stopper in the operation portion, the production is easy and the production cost can be reduced. Furthermore, there is no need to set or release the stopper, and the operability is excellent.

  In one Embodiment of the quick attachment or detachment apparatus which concerns on this invention, it is a perspective view which shows the state which removed the main body and the attachment or detachment part.   In the same embodiment, it is a top view which shows the state which removed the main body and the attachment / detachment part.   In the same embodiment, it is a top view which shows the state which fixed the attaching / detaching part to the main body.   FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 3 showing a state in which the detachable portion is fixed to the main body in the same embodiment.   It is a front view which shows the state which fixed the attaching / detaching part to the main body in the quick attachment / detachment apparatus of the embodiment.   It is a perspective view which shows the state which the to-be-restricted part of the attachment or detachment part engaged with the regulation part of the main body in the quick attachment or detachment apparatus of the embodiment.   In the quick attachment / detachment device of the embodiment, it is a perspective view showing a state where the restricted portion of the attachment / detachment portion is not engaged with the restriction portion of the main body and is detached.   In the same embodiment, it is the perspective view seen from diagonally downward which shows the state which removed the main body and the attachment / detachment part.   In the same embodiment, it is a top view which shows the state which mounted the attachment or detachment part in the accommodating part of the main body.   In the same embodiment, it is a top view which shows the state which put the attachment or detachment part on the accommodating part of the main body, and was advanced.   In the same embodiment, it is a top view which shows the state which put the attaching / detaching part on the accommodating part of the main body, and was advanced further.   In the same embodiment, it is a top view which shows the state by which the attachment / detachment part was fixed to the accommodating part of the main body.   In the same embodiment, it is a top view which shows the state which the detachable part retracted | retreated from the accommodating part of the main body.   In the same embodiment, it is a top view which shows the state which the attachment / detachment part further retracted | retreated to the accommodating part of the main body.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the following embodiment, and a known configuration may be applied to the following embodiment.

  1 to 14 show an embodiment of the present invention. Although the present embodiment exemplifies a quick attachment / detachment device mainly used for fixing the camera to a tripod (or its pan head, the same applies hereinafter), the present invention is limited to the quick attachment / detachment device between the camera and the tripod. The present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to any support and any attachment / detachment of any support. The distinction between the supported body and the support body is for convenience. It is also possible to define one of those fixed to each other as a support and the other as a supported body, and vice versa.

  The detachable portion 1 has a substantially trapezoidal plate shape in plan view as a whole, and the corners of the four corners are rounded and chamfered. In the present invention, an appropriate plan shape of the detachable portion 1 should be selected depending on the device. In this embodiment, the sides of the upper base, which is the front of the substantially trapezoidal shape, and the lower base, which is the rear, are straight, but may be rounded as a whole, for example. That is, in the present invention, “substantially trapezoidal shape” is an expression used for convenience, and the upper base and the lower base may not be parallel. In addition, the width in the front-rear direction is larger than the width in the left-right direction in plan view, but the width in the front-rear direction may be increased to form an elongated shape. In addition, the detachable portion 1 is detachable from the supported body. However, the detachable portion 1 may have an integral structure that cannot be separated from the supported body as necessary.

  Furthermore, if the length corresponding to the upper base of the substantially trapezoidal shape is shorter than the length corresponding to the lower base, that is, if the front is sunk, the attachment / detachment portion 1 is attached to the pair of side edges and the attachment / detachment described later. The angle between the part 1 and the insertion direction of the main body 3 into the housing part 4 may be different between the left and right sides. For example, the angle formed between one side and the insertion direction of the detachable part 1 into the housing part 4 of the main body 3 may be set to 0 °, and only the other side may be inclined inwardly greater than 0 °. Although this angle is not limited, it is preferable that one side has an angle of 3 ° to 30 ° inward, more preferably 5 ° to 10 °, and the absolute value of the angle of a pair of left and right sides is added up. 10 ° to 20 ° is more preferable.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, fixed portions 2 each having an inclined surface that protrudes outward as it goes downward are formed on a pair of sides of the detachable portion 1 that are substantially trapezoidal in a plan view. . These fixed parts 2 are used for fixing the detachable part 1 by a so-called wedge effect by a fixing part 5 of the main body 3 to be described later. In the present embodiment, the fixed portion 2 is provided over the entire thickness of the detachable portion 1. For example, the fixed portion 2 is formed from the bottom surface of the detachable portion 1 to about one half of the thickness, and the rest The upper part may be a vertical surface.

  The angle of the fixed portion 2 from the bottom surface of the detachable portion 1 is preferably 30 ° to 80 °, more preferably 45 ° to 75 °, but is not limited to this range. Moreover, the angle from the bottom face of the attaching / detaching part 1 of the left and right fixed parts may be the same as in this embodiment, or the angle from the bottom face of the attaching / detaching part 1 of the left and right fixed parts is different. May be.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, although the to-be-fixed part 2 is formed over the full length of a pair of substantially trapezoid side of the attachment / detachment part 1, it does not necessarily need to be formed over the full length. The fixed part 2 can be omitted as long as the fixing part 5 of the main body 3 to be described later can fix the detachable part 1 by a so-called wedge effect. For example, you may abbreviate | omit the to-be-fixed part 2 of the intermediate position of the attachment / detachment part 1 in the front-back direction. It is also possible to omit a part of the fixed portion 2 only on one side of the pair of side edges.

  An elongated hole 6 extending in the front-rear direction of the detachable portion 1 is formed at a substantially central portion of the detachable portion 1, and a camera mounting screw 7 is mounted upward through the elongated hole 6. The detachable portion 1 is fixed to the camera by tightening the upper end of the camera mounting screw 7 into a screw hole formed on the bottom surface of the camera (not shown). The camera mounting screw 7 can be translated along the elongated hole 6 in the front-rear direction of the detachable portion 1.

  Depending on the device to be attached, a long hole 6 extending in the left-right direction of the detachable portion 1 may be formed, or a cross-shaped long hole 6 extending in both the front-rear direction and the left-right direction may be formed, Instead of the long hole 6, a camera mounting screw 7 may be rotatably passed through an appropriate place of the detachable portion 1. The attachment / detachment unit 1 and the camera attachment screw 7 may be integrally formed, and the entire attachment / detachment unit 1 may be turned to screw the camera attachment screw 7 into the camera. The number of camera mounting screws 7 is not limited to one and may be two or more.

  As shown in FIG. 8, a flange-shaped head is formed at the lower end of the camera mounting screw 7, and a minus groove is formed. An oval screw housing recess 8 is formed at the center of the lower surface of the detachable portion 1, the head of the camera mounting screw 7 is housed in the screw housing recess 8, and the head of the camera mounting screw 7 is the detachable portion 1. It is designed not to protrude from the bottom of the. The camera mounting screw 7 can be turned with a coin or the like.

  The upper surface of the detachable portion 1 is a camera base 9 to which a camera is attached. An elastic friction body (elastic support layer) (not shown) for preventing the camera from slipping may be attached or integrally formed on the upper surface of the camera base 9. Examples of the material of the friction body include, but are not limited to, rubber, cork, plastic, sponge, tanned leather, elastomer, and cork rubber.

  The shape of the camera base 9 may be arbitrarily changed according to the supported body, for example, by projecting both ends of the camera base 9. The upper surface of the camera base 9 does not have to be a flat surface, and a back projection or the like that engages the side surface of the camera is formed on a part of the upper surface of the camera base 9 so that the camera does not rotate around the mounting screw 7. Or it can also be set as the shape which has the unevenness | corrugation matched with the bottom face shape of the apparatus.

  The main body 3 has a rectangular shape with a larger lateral width in plan view than the detachable portion 1, and its left and right side surfaces slightly bulge outward. The planar shape of the main body 3 is not limited to a rectangle. In this embodiment, the length of the main body 3 in the front-rear direction is the same as the length of the detachable portion in the front-rear direction, but it may not be the same. What is necessary is just to make it an appropriate magnitude | size according to a support body and a to-be-supported body.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a substantially trapezoidal accommodating portion 4 for accommodating the detachable portion 1 is formed on the upper surface of the main body 3. Fixing portions 5 having inclined surfaces complementary to the fixed portion 2 of the attaching / detaching portion 1 are formed on the left and right sides of the accommodating portion 4 at the positions of a pair of substantially trapezoidal sides. In order to fix the detachable portion 1 to the accommodating portion 4, the detachable portion 1 may be advanced with respect to the accommodating portion 4 by a fixing means described later. Since the attaching / detaching portion 1 has a substantially trapezoidal shape in plan view, when the attaching / detaching portion 1 moves forward with respect to the accommodating portion 4, the fixed portion 2 is clamped from the left and right by the fixing portion 5 of the accommodating portion 4 and the lateral movement is performed. It is also prevented from moving back and forth. Furthermore, the fixed portion 2 has an inclined surface that protrudes outward as it goes downward, and the fixed portion 5 has a so-called overhanging inclined surface that is complementary to the fixed portion 2. Therefore, when the detachable portion 1 moves forward with respect to the accommodating portion 4, the fixed portion 2 is engaged with the fixing portion 5 of the accommodating portion 4 and pressed downward, and the bottom surface of the detachable portion 1 is pressed against the accommodating portion 4. The movement in the vertical direction is also prevented. Thus, all the degrees of freedom of the detachable portion 1 with respect to the accommodating portion 4 are taken away, and the detachable portion 1 is firmly fixed to the main body 3. This fixing effect is a so-called wedge effect.

  In addition, in this embodiment, although the fixing | fixed part 5 is formed over the full length of a pair of substantially trapezoid side of the accommodating part 4, it does not necessarily need to be formed over the full length. The fixing part 5 can be omitted as long as the fixing part 5 of the main body 3 described above can fix the detachable part 1 by a so-called wedge effect. For example, you may abbreviate | omit the fixing | fixed part 5 of the intermediate position of the front-back direction of the accommodating part 4. FIG. Further, it is possible to omit a part of the fixing portion 5 only on one side of the pair of side edges.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a female screw hole 10 that vertically penetrates the main body 3 is formed in the central portion of the main body 3, and a tripod, a pan head, etc. (not shown) are supported in the female screw hole 10. ) Is fastened to fix the main body 3 to a tripod or the like. There may be two or more female screw holes 10, and the positions are also arbitrary. The main body 3 may be formed integrally with a tripod or the like (support) or integrally with a tripod head (a part to which the support is detachable). A level (not shown) may be provided at an appropriate position of the main body 3 to facilitate leveling of the camera.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and FIGS. 5 to 7, a pair of restricting portions 11 project inwardly on the upper side of the fixing portion 5 of the main body 3, near the lower base of the trapezoidal shape. In addition, a pair of regulated portions 12 are provided on the lower side of the fixed portion 2 of the detachable portion 1 so as to be located near the lower base of the trapezoidal shape and project outward. When the detachable part 1 is accommodated in the accommodating part 4, the restricting part 11 and the regulated part 12 are at positions facing each other with a slight distance.

  When the detachable part 1 is detached from the accommodating part 4, the restricting part 11 of the fixing part 5 comes into contact with the regulated part 12 of the detachable part 1, and near the bottom of the detachable part 1, that is, behind the detachable part 1 from above. Press down. Then, the detachable portion 1 can only perform a linear motion in the front-rear direction with respect to the accommodating portion 4. Therefore, even when the fixing means is released, when the restricting portion 11 and the restricted portion 12 are in positions facing each other, only backward movement is permitted.

  This point will be described in more detail. In the conventional quick attachment / detachment device using the wedge effect, the fixed portion and the fixed portion are formed with inclined surfaces over the entire area. Further, in order to use the wedge effect, the shape of the detachable portion and the accommodating portion must be substantially trapezoidal in plan view. When the center of gravity of the supported body is in front of the attachment / detachment part, that is, in front of the upper base of the substantially trapezoidal shape, when the fixing means is released, the upper part of the attachment / detachment part is lowered and the lower bottom is raised. Start spinning. When the lower bottom side of the attaching / detaching portion is raised, the fixed portion is disengaged upward along the inclined surface while maintaining the engagement with the fixing portion. Moreover, in order to obtain a wedge effect, the attaching / detaching portion has a substantially trapezoidal shape in plan view, and has a shape in which the upper base is more slender than the lower base. Therefore, when the lower bottom side of the attachment / detachment part is separated upward, the attachment / detachment part moves backward with respect to the accommodation part autonomously. As a result, the detachable part is completely detached from the accommodating part, and the supported body falls.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3, 5, and 6, the restriction portion 11 of the fixing portion 5 and the restriction portion 12 of the fixed portion 2 are in positions facing each other, The part 11 abuts on the regulated part 12 of the detachable part 1 and can press the vicinity of the bottom of the detachable part 1, that is, the rear of the detachable part 1 from above. Therefore, even if it is going to start the autonomous rotation that the upper base of the attachment / detachment part 1 falls and the lower base rises under the influence of the center of gravity of the supported body, it cannot rotate. Therefore, the lower bottom side of the detachable part 1 does not separate upward, and the detachable part 1 does not retreat autonomously with respect to the accommodating part 4. This effect is maintained not only immediately after the fixing means is released, but also when the detachable portion 1 is retracted by a predetermined amount with respect to the accommodating portion 4 as shown in FIG. Therefore, it is extremely safe as compared with the quick detaching device using the conventional wedge effect.

  In order to detach the attaching / detaching part 1 of the quick attaching / detaching device of this embodiment from the housing part 4, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, first, the fixing means described later is released to release the fixing of the attaching / detaching part 1. After that, the detachable part 1 is receded linearly with respect to the accommodating part 4. At this time, since the restricting portion 11 and the restricted portion 12 are engaged, only linear receding movement is allowed. When the attaching / detaching portion 1 is further retracted, the restricting portion 11 and the restricted portion 12 are disengaged from the positions facing each other, so that the attaching / detaching portion 1 can be detached upward. Therefore, in order to detach the supported body from the support body, the attaching / detaching portion 1 may not be pulled out linearly over the entire length of the housing portion 4. Further, when the detachable part 1 is accommodated in the accommodating part 4, the upper part of the detachable part 1 is placed so as to drop from the upper part to a position near the upper and lower bases of the accommodating part 4 and then straight forward. Just move it.

  For example, if the regulated portion 12 is provided over the entire fixed portion 2 of the detachable portion 1, it is necessary to have trouble of fitting the regulated portion 11 and the regulated portion 12 by visual inspection or groping when performing a fixing operation. . In the detaching operation of the detachable portion 1, the detachable portion 1 cannot be detached upward from the accommodating portion 4 only by retracting the detachable portion 1 by a predetermined amount with respect to the accommodating portion 4. Must be retreated. This has the disadvantage of lacking speed.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 6, and 7, the restricting portion 11 and the restricted portion 12 are configured such that the substantially trapezoidal upper base of the detachable portion 1 is the substantially trapezoidal shape of the accommodating portion 5. The detachable portion 1 is provided at a position where the detachable portion 1 can be detached from the accommodating portion 4 before reaching the bottom of the housing. For this reason, when performing the fixing work, the upper part of the detachable part 1 may be placed so as to be dropped from above onto the position near the middle of the upper and lower parts of the accommodating part 4 and then moved forward. In addition, when the detachment work is performed, the detachable part 1 can be detached from the accommodating part 4 by moving the detachable part 1 backward by a predetermined amount with respect to the accommodating part 4. Therefore, it is excellent in quickness.

  In addition, in this embodiment, although the shape of the control part 11 and the to-be-controlled part 12 is made into the shape which protruded linearly, it is not limited to this shape. For example, the restricting portion 11 may have a pin shape. Moreover, in this embodiment, the attachment / detachment portion 1 has a substantially trapezoidal shape in plan view, and the regulated portion 12 also has a shape that fits within the substantially trapezoidal shape, but the regulated portion 12 further protrudes. It may have a shape.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 8, a recess 13, a screw accommodating recess 8, and a hole 14 are provided on the back surface of the detachable portion 1. The holes 14 are for reducing the weight of the detachable portion 1. The holes 14 may not be present.

  The recess 13 is provided with an entry cam 15, a fixed cam 16, and a retreat cam 17 in order from the upper base to the lower base of the substantially trapezoidal shape of the detachable part 1. In the present embodiment, the recess 13 is closed on all sides, but is not necessarily closed. For example, you may open | release the upper bottom side of the attaching / detaching part 1 of the recessed part 13, ie, the front. In this case, since the fixing means described later can pass through the released part, the attachment / detachment of the attaching / detaching portion 1 becomes smoother.

  Moreover, although the recessed part 13 is provided in the planar view left side in this embodiment, it is not limited to this position. For example, it may be provided in the center in plan view. Moreover, in this embodiment, although the recessed part 13 is made into one place, it is not limited to one place. For example, there may be two recesses 13, and there may be, for example, two fixing means for the main body 3, which will be described later, and interlock with the entry cam 15, the fixed cam 16, and the retreat cam 17 of the two recesses 13. Further, for example, there are two recesses 13, the first recess 13 and the second recess 13, and a plurality of main bodies 3 are selectively used depending on the support body or the supported body. For example, in the first main body 3, You may make it use the approach cam 15, the fixed cam 16, and the backward cam 17 of the 2nd recessed part 13 in the 2nd main body 3 using the approach cam 15, the fixed cam 16, and the backward cam 17. FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4, and 9 to 14, the housing portion 4 of the main body 3 faces the recess 13 of the detachable portion 1 when the detachable portion 1 is housed in the housing portion 4. In addition, a cam follower accommodating recess 18 is provided. A cam follower unit 19 is provided in the cam follower receiving recess 18, and a central hole 19 a is supported by the central shaft 20, and the cam follower unit 19 is supported to be swingable with respect to the main body 1. The center shaft 20 is composed of a round nut 20a and a small screw 20b. The stepped portion 20c of the round nut 20a is engaged with the engagement portion 19b of the center hole 19a so that the cam follower unit 19 cannot be pulled upward. Yes. The configuration of the central shaft 20 is preferable because the cam follower unit 19 can be supported by the main body 3 without increasing the thickness. However, if the cam follower unit 19 is swingably supported by the cam follower housing recess 18, this configuration is adopted. Is not limited. In this embodiment, the machine screw 20b is screwed from the bottom surface of the main body 3. However, a female screw may be provided on the main body 3 and screwed from above the round nut 20a.

  An operation portion 21 for operating the cam follower unit 19 is integrally formed with the cam follower unit 19 so as to extend in the horizontal direction. The distal end of the operation unit 21 protrudes to the left in plan view of the main body 3. However, as long as the cam follower unit 19 can be swung, the operation unit 21 is not necessarily formed integrally with the cam follower unit 19. For example, a shaft that penetrates the main body 3 is fixed to the cam follower unit 19. A lever-like or dial-like operating portion may be formed at the lower end of the shaft.

  Further, the cam follower unit 19 is integrally formed with a cam follower 22 that is a fixing means and an arm 23 that receives a biasing force from a biasing means that will be described later, with the central shaft 20 interposed therebetween. . The cam follower 22 protrudes toward the concave portion 13 of the detachable portion 1 at a position behind the central shaft 20. The cam follower 22 can be engaged with the entry cam 15, the fixed cam 16, and the backward cam 17 of the recess 13. In this embodiment, the cam follower 22 has a cylindrical shape. However, the cam follower 22 is not limited to a cylindrical shape as long as the cam follower 22 can be engaged with the entry cam 15, the fixed cam 16, and the backward cam 17. In the present embodiment, the cam follower 22 and the arm 23 are integrally formed with the cam follower unit 19, but it is not necessarily formed integrally, and may be assembled by screwing or the like.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the cam follower 22 which is a fixing means is configured to swing with respect to the accommodating portion 4, but does not necessarily have to swing. The cam follower 22 only needs to be movable with respect to the housing portion 4 of the main body 3 in a direction orthogonal to the insertion direction of the detachable portion 1 into the housing portion 4, that is, in the lateral direction. For example, the cam follower 22 protruding in the direction of the attaching / detaching portion 1 may be slidable only in the lateral direction, and the cam follower unit 19 may be in the shape of a slider that traverses the accommodating portion 4. In this case, the operation direction of the operation unit 21 may be a horizontal direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the main body 3 is formed with a spring accommodating portion 24, in which a spring 25 as an urging means is accommodated. One end of the spring 25 is in contact with one end of the spring accommodating portion 24, and the other end urges the arm 23 of the cam follower unit 19 in the left direction in plan view via the push pin 26. Since the arm 23 and the cam follower 22 are substantially at the target positions with the central axis 20 of the cam follower unit 19 in between, the cam follower 22 as the fixing means is urged rightward in plan view. The push pin 26 is rounded at the contact point with the arm 23, and a rod 23a is integrally formed in the spring direction. The spring 25 is guided by the spring accommodating portion 24 and the rod 26a.

  In this embodiment, the biasing means uses a compression coil spring, but the biasing means is not limited to the compression coil spring as long as the cam follower 22 can be biased. For example, a tension coil spring may be provided at a position behind the central shaft 20. Further, a torsion spring may be provided on the center shaft 20 to bias the cam follower unit 19 so as to turn. Further, the biasing means is not limited to a spring but may be an elastic body such as rubber or elastomer. In addition, the urging direction of the urging means can also be adjusted to the direction of the entry cam 15, the fixed cam 16, and the backward cam 17 of the concave portion 13 of the detachable portion 1 if the fixing means can be fixed. It may be changed in the reverse direction.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 9 to 14, the detachable portion 1 is accommodated in the accommodating portion 4 of the main body 3 and is fixed by the cam follower 22 that is a fixing means. The operation of each part from the start of the detachment operation 1 until the detachment is completed will be described.

  When the detachable portion 1 is accommodated in the accommodating portion 4 of the main body 3, as shown in FIG. 9, the upper and bottom ends of the substantially trapezoidal shape of the detachable portion 1, that is, the upper and lower bottoms of the substantially trapezoidal shape of the accommodating portion 4. Place it so as to drop it from the top to a position near the middle. At this time, the cam follower 22 enters the concave portion 13 of the detachable portion 1 at a position where it is moved by the spring 25 of the urging means. The fixing part 5 of the housing part 4 and the fixed part 2 of the detachable part 1 are not yet engaged. Further, the cam follower 22 is not engaged with the entry cam 15.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the detachable portion 1 is advanced with respect to the accommodating portion 4. The cam follower 22 is swung leftward in plan view against the urging force of the spring 25 of the urging means while engaging with the entry cam 15. The fixing part 5 of the housing part 4 and the fixed part 2 of the detachable part 1 are not yet engaged, but the front part of the housing part 4 is squeezed, so that the detachable part 1 is detached from the housing part 4 upward. If it tries to do, the fixing | fixed part 5 will engage with the to-be-fixed part 2, and will prevent detachment | leave upwards. Further, since the restricting portion 11 and the restricted portion 12 have reached the positions facing each other, the upward separation is also prevented here.

  When the attaching / detaching portion 1 is further advanced, the cam follower 22 swings to the tip of the entry cam 15 in the left direction in plan view by the entry cam 15 as shown in FIG. At this time, the spring 25 of the urging means is greatly displaced.

  When the attaching / detaching portion 1 is further advanced, the cam follower 22 is urged by the spring 25 as shown in FIG. 12, so that it swings rightward in plan view and autonomously engages with the fixed cam 16. . The fixed cam 16 is shaped to advance the detachable portion 1 relative to the accommodating portion 4 when the cam follower 22 is engaged and swings in the right direction in plan view. Therefore, the cam follower 22 as the fixing means autonomously moves the detachable portion 1 relative to the accommodating portion 4 by the spring 25 as the biasing means.

  When the detachable portion 1 moves forward with respect to the accommodating portion 4 by the cam follower 22 as a fixing means, the fixed portion 2 is pinched by the fixing portion 5 of the accommodating portion 4 from the left and right sides, and is prevented from moving in the lateral direction. Movement is also prevented. Further, the fixed portion 2 engages with the fixing portion 5 of the housing portion 4 and is pressed downward, so that the bottom surface of the detachable portion 1 is pressed against the housing portion 4, so that the vertical movement is also prevented. Thus, all the degrees of freedom of the detachable portion 1 with respect to the accommodating portion 4 are taken away, and the detachable portion 1 is firmly fixed to the accommodating portion 4 by a so-called wedge effect. At this time, the detachable part 1 is also fixed to the fixing part 5 of the accommodating part 4 due to the wedge effect. The operation unit 21 may be operated by hand, and the fixing force by the fixing means may be further increased.

  Now, let us consider a case where the operation unit 21 is erroneously operated when the detachable unit 1 is fixed to the storage unit 4. Since the backward cam 17 for releasing the fixed state is located behind the fixed cam 16, the fixed state is not released unless the operation portion 21 is operated largely. Therefore, even if the operation unit 21 is operated by mistake, the attachment / detachment unit 1 is not detached from the storage unit 4 because the fixed state is not released if the operation width is small.

  In most cases, the operation unit 21 is erroneously operated when a hand, a strap, or a cable accidentally hits the operation unit 21 and its operation time is short. The cam follower 22 is always urged by a spring 25 in a direction to engage with the fixed cam 16. Therefore, even if the operation unit 21 is operated by mistake, for example, if the operation width is small, the cam follower 22 can return to the position where it engages with the fixed cam 16 while the fixed state is maintained. It is safe because it keeps maintaining. Further, for example, if the supported body is a camera, the photographing operation is not affected at all.

  If the operation width of the erroneous operation unit 21 is large, the cam follower 22 is engaged with the backward cam 17 and the fixed state is released. In this case, for example, if the supported body is a camera, the front lens starts to rotate downward, but the inertial mass of the camera is relatively large, and its angular velocity is small at the beginning of rotation. On the other hand, since the inertial mass of the cam follower 22 and the cam follower unit 19 is relatively small and is urged by the spring 25 so as to swing in the fixing operation direction, that is, in the right direction in plan view, The cam follower 22 can be returned to a position where it is engaged with the fixed cam 16. Therefore, even if the operation width of the erroneous operation unit 21 is large, it can be returned to the fixed state before the supported body is detached.

  Now, when the detachable part 1 is detached from the accommodating part 4, as shown in FIG. 13, the operating part 21 is largely swung forward in plan view against the urging force of the spring 25 of the urging means. . The cam follower 22 swings leftward in plan view by the cam follower unit 19 formed integrally with the operation unit 21. Then, the cam follower 22 is engaged with the retracting cam 17 of the recess 13 of the detachable portion 1. When the cam follower 22 engages with the backward cam 17 and further swings leftward in plan view, the detachable portion 1 moves backward relative to the housing portion 4. As a result, the detachable portion 1 can eliminate the fixed state caused by the wedge effect with respect to the accommodating portion 4.

  Subsequently, the operating unit 21 is held by hand while being largely swung forward in plan view, and the detachable unit 1 is retracted from the accommodating unit 4. If the detachable portion 1 is retracted to such an extent that the cam follower 22 does not engage with the fixed cam 16, the hand may be released from the operation portion 21 as shown in FIG. At this time, the fixing portion 5 of the housing portion 4 and the fixed portion 2 of the detachable portion 1 are not engaged, but the front of the housing portion 4 is squeezed, so the detachable portion 1 is moved upward from the housing portion 4. If it is going to detach | leave, the fixing | fixed part 5 will engage with the to-be-fixed part 2, and will prevent detachment | leave upwards. Further, since the restricting portion 11 and the restricted portion 12 are still in positions facing each other, the upward separation is also prevented here.

  When the attaching / detaching portion 1 is further retracted, as shown in FIG. 7, the fixing portion 5 and the fixed portion 2 are no longer engaged, and the regulating portion 11 and the regulated portion 12 are disengaged from the positions facing each other. Therefore, the detachable part 1 can be detached upward here.

  In addition, a lock mechanism that prevents the operation unit 21 from swinging from a fixed state is added to the operation unit 21 so that the operation unit 21 is not accidentally swung in the loosening direction unless the lock is manually released. May be. As the lock mechanism, for example, the operation unit 21 may be locked with a pin, a dowel, or a hook, and when releasing the lock, the pin, the dowel, the hook, or the like may be displaced to release the lock.

  Although the embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and any modification can be made within the scope of the claims. For example, other known configurations may be substituted or added.

  The quick attachment / detachment device according to the present invention is provided in the recess of the attachment / detachment portion so that the approach cam, the fixed cam, and the backward cam are engaged with the cam follower from the upper bottom to the lower bottom direction of the attachment / detachment portion, that is, from the front. It has been. The attachment / detachment portion has a substantially trapezoidal shape in plan view, and a fixed portion having an inclined surface projecting outward toward the lower side is formed on a pair of sides thereof, and the accommodating portion has a substantially base complementary to the attachment / detachment portion. A fixing portion having an inclined surface complementary to the fixed portion is formed at the position of the pair of side edges of the shape. Therefore, when the fixing means functions and the detachable portion moves forward with respect to the accommodating portion, the detachable portion is firmly fixed to the accommodating portion by a so-called wedge effect and is in a fixed state. Since the backward cam for releasing the fixed state is located behind the fixed cam, the fixed state is not released unless the operation portion is operated largely. Therefore, even if the operation unit is operated by mistake, the fixing state is not released if the operation width is small, so that the detachable unit does not detach from the storage unit.

  In most cases, the operation unit is erroneously operated when a hand, a strap, or a cable accidentally hits the operation unit, and its operation time is short. Therefore, even if the operation range of the erroneous operation unit is large, the cam follower is engaged with the retracting cam, and the fixed state is released, the inertial mass of the supported body is relatively large, and the angular velocity is small at the beginning of rotation. . On the other hand, since the inertial mass of the cam follower is relatively small and is biased in the direction of the fixing operation by the biasing means, the cam follower can be returned to the position where it is engaged with the fixed cam in a very short time. Therefore, even if the operation range of the erroneous operation unit is large, the support body can be returned to the fixed state before it is detached.

  In addition, an approach cam is provided in front of the fixed cam. When fixing the supported body, if the upper part of the detachable part is placed so as to drop from the upper part to a position near the upper and lower parts of the accommodating part and then moved forward, The cam follower can be moved against the biasing means. That is, the cam follower does not have to be moved by hand, for example, so that the fixing work can be performed quickly.

  Furthermore, in the quick attachment / detachment apparatus according to the present invention, safety is ensured without providing a safety device such as a stopper in the operation portion, for example, so that the manufacture is easy and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Furthermore, it is not necessary to set or release the stopper, and since it is excellent in operability, it is excellent in industrial applicability.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Detachable part 2 Fixed part 3 Main body 4 Storage part 5 Fixed part 6 Elongated hole 7 Camera mounting screw 8 Screw accommodation recessed part 9 Camera stand 10 Female screw hole 11 Restriction part 12 Restricted part 13 Recess 14 Hole 15 Entrance cam 16 Fixation Cam 17 Backward cam 18 Cam follower unit receiving recess 19 Cam follower unit 19a Center hole 19b Engaging portion 20 Center shaft 20a Round nut 20b Machine screw 20c Stepped portion 21 Operation portion 22 Cam follower 23 Arm 24 Spring receiving recess 25 Spring 26 Push pin 26a Rod

Claims (1)

A quick attachment / detachment device for attaching a support to a support,
A detachable portion (1) attached to the supported body;
A main body (3) attached to the support,
The detachable portion (1) has a substantially trapezoidal shape in which the length of the upper base is smaller than the length of the lower base when viewed in a plan view.
A fixed part (2) having an inclined surface protruding outward is formed on a pair of sides of the detachable part (1),
The main body (3) is provided with an accommodating part (4) having a substantially trapezoidal shape complementary to the attaching / detaching part (1) for accommodating the attaching / detaching part (1).
A fixing portion (5) having an inclined surface complementary to the inclined surface of the fixed portion (2) of the detachable portion (1) is formed in the accommodating portion (4),
A fixing means for fixing the detachable portion (1) to the main body (3);
The fixing means includes
A cam follower (22) provided on the main body (3) and protruding inward of the housing portion (4) and movable in a direction perpendicular to the insertion direction of the detachable portion (1) with respect to the housing portion (4). )When,
A biasing means (25) for biasing the cam follower (22) along the orthogonal direction;
An operation unit (21) for moving the cam follower (22);
A recess (13) that is formed in the detachable portion (1) and that accommodates the cam follower (22) when the detachable portion (1) is accommodated in the accommodating portion (4);
The recess (13) is provided with an entry cam (15), a fixed cam (16), and a retreat cam (17) in order from the upper bottom side to the lower bottom side of the detachable portion (1). ,
The entry cam (15) engages with the cam follower (22) when the detachable part (1) is inserted into the accommodating part (4), and the urging force of the urging means (25). A shape for moving the cam follower (22) against
The fixed cam (16) further inserts the detachable part (1) into the accommodating part (4), the engagement between the cam follower (22) and the entry cam (15) is released, When the cam follower (22) is returned to the initial position by the biasing means (25), the cam follower (22) is engaged with the cam follower (22) to insert the detachable portion (1) into the accommodating portion (4). Has a shape to move to
The retracting cam (17) is operated in a state opposite to the urging direction by operating the operating portion (21) in a state where the detachable portion (1) is mounted on the accommodating portion (4). A quick attaching / detaching device characterized by having a shape that engages with the cam follower (22) and moves the attaching / detaching portion (1) in a direction of pulling out from the accommodating portion (4) when moved in the direction.

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