JP5360550B2 - Aoko control method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technology for reducing the biomass of algae including toxic water blooms (toxic algae), and for controlling the concentration of phosphorus in water, because nutrient salts such as phosphorus in industrial wastewater and agricultural/livestock wastewater accelerate eutrophication of aquatic environments as typified by seas, rivers, lakes, reservoirs, etc., and thus the massive proliferation phenomenon of blue-green algae (so-called water blooms) caused by the eutrophication occurs in water sources around the world and has become a serious environmental problem. <P>SOLUTION: A vibration-wave generator controls the growth of the toxic water blooms. Furthermore, an oxygen/ozone generator suppresses the elution of phosphorus which is regarded as necessary for the growth of phytoplankton (algae), from bottom mud, and promotes the adsorption of phosphorus to the bottom mud. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  Nutrients such as phosphorus in industrial wastewater and agricultural / livestock wastewater accelerate eutrophication of the aquatic environment represented by the sea, rivers, lakes, ponds, etc. (So-called blue-green) has occurred in the hydrosphere environment around the world and has become a major environmental problem, and it is essential to control blue-green aquatic environment in the future. The present invention relates to a technique for controlling the generation of algae including such a poisonous auko (toxic algae).

Many purification devices have been devised in aquatic environments such as lakes and rivers for the control of sea cucumbers, but the conventional methods are mainly based on technology that simply sends air or oxygen into the deep layers of the lakes. In addition, chemicals (such as heavy metals, herbicides, adsorbents, etc.) that kill mushrooms are often used overseas, but this is not a fundamental solution, and examples of causing new environmental problems have been reported. In addition, when using chemicals, it is difficult to obtain permission to use because the cost is high and there are many concerns about the effects of other organisms. Various methods such as artificial water flow such as jet pump, aeration of lakes, artificial stirring, chemical treatment, lytic algae / phage, ultrasonic, etc. have been tried. Runs generated during and after treatment of cyanobacteria There are problems such as algal toxin elution and effects on water quality. These conventional sea cucumber suppression techniques are common in that processing is performed for the hydrosphere environment after the sea bream has occurred. The major outbreak of sea lions in the hydrosphere environment is largely due to the elution of nutrients from the bottom mud accumulated over many years. An object of the present invention is to develop an effective method for suppressing the occurrence of blue seaweed by suppressing nutrient salts from the bottom mud.
Conventionally, there are a lake purification device (Patent Document 1), a sea cucumber removal device (Patent Document 2), a water purification system, a water flow generation agitation mixer (Patent Document 3), a water purification system (Patent Document 4), etc. There is nothing that corresponds to the development of a method to change the environment to the environment where blue-green is unlikely to occur.
JP-A-5-237493 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-70382 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-835 JP 2007-7603 A

It is said that it is mainly the amount of phosphorus that restricts the growth of algae and other algae. Typically algae, but is deposited on the bottom mud dying precipitation in winter, bacteria and microorganisms Sediment is decomposed carcasses of algae, and be phosphorus Santai phosphorus (PO 4 _-P) water To elute. Using this phosphorus as a nutrient source, the algae are generated again in the following year. Therefore, preventing the removal or elution of nutrients accumulated in the aquatic environment suppresses the sea cucumber. Many lakes and ponds are old, and nutrients that are constantly supplied from the outside have accumulated in the bottom mud for many years. If this can be removed and the nutrients that flow in can be reduced, the water quality will be improved permanently.
In the lakes and dam lakes that are used as water sources, water flounder is generated especially in an environment where the water temperature is 20 ° C or higher, and in order to remove the coagulant precipitant and the mold odor (such as diosmine) during water purification treatment. It bears a large amount of expenses. Therefore, the present invention is characterized by focusing on a physical method for inhibiting the growth of sea cucumber, which has been cited as a problem in the conventional algal apparatus and has little influence on other organisms. The problem to be solved by the present invention is to change aquatic (toxic algae), which continues to occur abnormally, into harmless algae and to suppress and reduce the generation of biomass without burdening the environment improvement of the hydrosphere environment. It is.

The present invention is configured by a combination of a vibration wave generator and oxygen and ozone generators as a water scale control system. The oscillatory wave generator uses Japanese Patent No. 3980557 “Liquid Flow Generator”, from the heel part for floating in the aquatic environment, the base part for supporting the apparatus, the stirring blade and the power for rotating the stirring blade Become. The shape of the stirring blade is greatly different from that of a conventional stirring device, and stirring can be performed by vibrating the medium. One having two or more stirring blades is called a multi-blade type, and one having a single stirring blade is called a one-wing type. Compared with a conventional stirring device, since it is operated at a low speed, the rotational resistance in the medium is small and the durability is excellent.
The present invention is a water scale control method for suppressing the generation of water using a device in which a vibration wave generator and an oxygen generator are attached to a base including a float, wherein the vibration wave generator is a rotating shaft. The oscillating wing formed in the shape of a flat rugby ball that produces a vibrating action that swings water with the rotation of the rotating shaft, and is arranged obliquely intersecting the rotating shaft, A stirring blade comprising a fluid blade that generates a continuous flow in water as it rotates, and a power that rotates the stirring blade, and is supported by the base to support the vibration wave generator and the oxygen generator. In the aquatic environment where aquatics are generated during summer, etc., the vibration wave generator and the oxygen generator are operated in combination to suppress the release of nutrients from the bottom of the lake. Prevent or reduce winter Under aquatic environment-bloom does not occur etc., it is operated only the vibration generator, eluting the nutrients from lake, and recovering.
Further, the oxygen generator is an oxygen generator by electrolysis of water, and in the depth direction in the lake, a stirring blade is provided on each of the side close to the water surface and the side away from the water surface, The agitating blade uses a vibration wave generator in which the rotation axis is vertically arranged, and the lower agitating blade is horizontally arranged in the rotation axis.

The principle of vibration wave generation of the stirring blade will be described. Changes in flow velocity and pressure at a certain point in the medium repeatedly increase and decrease, and regular or irregular repetitive changes are collectively referred to as vibration. Oscillation is a phenomenon in which, for example, when a liquid placed in a container is shaken, the liquid undulates and shakes. In rocking, the shape of the liquid changes along the shape of the container, but almost no flow occurs, and when the shaking is stopped, the liquid particles return to their original positions. This phenomenon can be observed with substances floating on the water surface (such as leaves of trees). The rotation of the stirring blades requires power such as electricity, and it is considered that the energy required for the rotation is transferred to the energy propagating in the medium and the energy consumed for the flow. (Laws of energy conservation)
The configuration of the stirring blade is a vibrating blade (Wave Wing) arranged perpendicular to the rotation axis of the main body, and has a slightly flattened rugby ball shape. When this oscillating blade rotates in the medium, the medium corresponding to the volume of the vibrating portion is pushed away, but after passing through the wing, the oscillated medium tries to return to its original position. This continuous operation provides a vibration effect in the medium. A wing that is half-bulged with respect to this oscillating blade and is fixed so as to cross obliquely from the center of the rotating shaft is a flow wing. When this fluid blade rotates in the medium, a continuous flow (flow) is generated so that the paddle pushes out water. That is, the fluid blade can advect and diffuse the material particles constituting the medium. Conventionally, as means for generating a flow in the aquatic environment, there are a method for generating a flow by using a rotational force such as a propeller and a screw, and a method for causing a flow by applying energy of a jetting fluid to the aquatic environment from the outside. In either method, it is difficult to efficiently diffuse the generated flow from the apparatus to a far region. The cause is that the flow generated by rotating the propeller etc. at high speed is in a turbulent state and can generate a large flow rate instantaneously, but due to the damping action such as energy loss accompanying turbulent flow, This is because the flow velocity decreases as the distance increases. Therefore, generating global flows in the aquatic environment using these methods is not energy efficient, increases the structure to affect distant areas, and reduces economic efficiency and durability. The current situation is not suitable.
The flow rate of the medium induced by rotating the stirring blade depends on the size and the number of rotations of the stirring blade.For example, when a stirring blade having a diameter of 1.0 m in water rotates 180 rpm, the maximum is about 10.0. Although a flow velocity of [m / s] is obtained, the propagation speed of pressure waves propagating in water reaches about 1,500 [m / s]. That is, the flow velocity of the medium and the propagation velocity of the pressure wave represent different phenomena. Unlike the flow, the propagation of the pressure wave is a phenomenon in which the energy itself propagates through the medium as the medium vibrates rather than the particles themselves constituting the medium moving. The medium itself only vibrates around a point, not advection. On the other hand, the flow is the flow of the medium as described above, and is a phenomenon in which the medium constituting particles themselves move. In general, wave phenomena including vibrations and oscillations are energy propagation phenomena, and energy loss is less than that of flow phenomena, and energy can be transported far away. In the case of flow, because of the attenuation of the medium, very large energy is required to diffuse the flow far away. Conversely, with small energy, the flow cannot be diffused far away due to attenuation. However, the proposed vibration wave generator can influence the flow to a distant region by alternately generating vibration and flow in the medium, and in the demonstration experiment, the entire lake area with a small input energy (about 600W). (60,000 m ³ ) It was confirmed that a global flow action was possible at low speed. In this way, the synergistic effect of vibration energy and flow energy can continuously move the medium to a distant region, and it is possible to provide a device having a simple structure and high durability and economy.

The oxygen generator is a combination example of microbubbles and nanobubbles generators: see Japanese Patent No. 40353030 “Liquid Purification Device”. Making the target aquatic environment aerobic by diffusing oxygen into the aquatic environment, suppressing the elution of phosphorus required for phytoplankton growth from the bottom mud and promoting the adsorption of phosphorus to the bottom mud be able to. In a normal oxygen generator , sending oxygen into the deep layers of the lake is large and the operation cost is high, and there are problems in installation and operation. However, when used in combination with the vibration wave generator presented here, microbubbles (microbubbles and nanobubbles) are diffused throughout the target hydrosphere environment with a small amount of input energy, making it aerobic and suppressing phosphorus elution from the bottom mud.

In addition to the oxygen generator , there is a combination using a water electrolyzer (water electrolysis electrode). With this method, oxygen can be generated even in deep water with less power and diffused throughout the hydrosphere environment. Simultaneously generated hydrogen can be recovered and reused as energy.

Fine bubble (micro bubble / nano bubble) generator as an example of oxygen and ozone generator in combination with vibration wave generator from 2002 to 2005 at water source (60,000 m ³ ) Was used for the purpose of water purification. In 2003, only a multi-blade type with two agitating blades, in 2004 a single-blade type and a microbubble (nanobubble) generator were used together, in 2005, only one-wing type, and in 2006, PO ₄ -P concentration without installation the results of examining, _PO 4 -P concentration of each year in 2003 35μgL ^-1, in 2004 14μgL ^-1, in 2005 14μgL ^-1, in 2006 showed the 11μgL ^-1.
In order to confirm the influence of the vibration wave device on the elution rate of nutrients in the bottom mud, a nutrient elution experiment was conducted in a 1-ton water tank. Experimental results, DO consumption rate showed _{^{3.5mgO 2 L -1 day -1, 1.1mgO}} 2 L -1 day -1 in the control group in the vibration wave apparatus Ward. DO concentrations of the experimental day 22 showed _{^{4.0mgO 2 L -1, 6.9mgO 2 L}} -1 vibration wave apparatus + oxygen supply ku oxygen supply Ward. _PO 4 -P concentration of experimental 22 day 552MyugL ^-1 in the control group, 948MyugL ^-1 vibration wave apparatus Ward showed below the detection limit of oxygen supply ku a vibration wave device + oxygenation reserve. _PO 4 -P dissolution rate at 15 to 22 day, 26 mg m ^-2 day ^-1 in the control group showed 48 mg m ^-2 day ^-1 vibration wave apparatus Ward. From the results of this experiment, it is appropriate to limit the external load and operate the vibration wave generator and the oxygen supply device at the same time for the aquo control. This method makes the aquatic environment efficient and aerobic, makes the bottom mud surface that tends to be reduced to an oxidized state, forms a thin layer of iron oxide, and suppresses the elution of nutrient salts in the bottom mud. It is possible to control the occurrence of blue water (increasing DO suppresses supply of PO ₄ and promotes consumption).

When the vibration wave generator does not use oxygen and ozone generators together, the bottom of the aquatic environment is anaerobically induced, so that nutrient salts in the bottom mud are easily eluted. PO ₄ is partly bound to surrounding metal ions (Fe, Al, Ca, Mg, etc.) in the presence of O ₂ and exists in an insoluble state that cannot be used by plants. When O ₂ runs short, it leaves the metal and elutes in water as PO ₄ -P and becomes nutrition for phytoplankton. Operation with a single unit not supplying O ₂ increases the DO consumption rate by a factor of 3, and the PO ₄ -P elution rate by a factor of two. There are sediments such as sludge containing organic matter on the bottom of the lake, and the action of decomposition (chemical reaction) by underwater microorganisms is activated by vibration waves and accelerated at high speed. This chemical reaction consumes oxygen at the bottom of the lake, creating an anaerobic environment. The elution of nutrients in the bottom mud from the O ₂ deficient lake bottom (continuous supply of PO ₄ -P in the water) reduces the load on the sediment on the lake bottom. In the first year when the oscillatory wave generator is in operation, a large amount of nutrients are eluted in the first year when the nutrients have accumulated (beginning of environmental improvement at the bottom of the hydrosphere environment), so a large amount of sea cucumbers are generated. A period of 2 to 3 years is required for the soil improvement effect at the bottom of the aquatic environment to reduce the load. This is expected to have an effect similar to dredging, and the treatment of dredged mud required for dredging work is unnecessary. In addition, the aquatic mushrooms that are produced in large quantities may diffuse toxins if they are killed. If they are not collected, nutrients will be resupplied, so they will be collected and extracted into toxins and recycled to fertilizer (phosphorus), etc. It is also possible.

As an application example of the blue sea cucumber control method using both the vibration wave generator and oxygen and ozone generators, the blue water (including toxic algae) is generated especially in the aquatic environment (for example, summer) when the water temperature is 20 ° C. or higher. The generation device and the oxygen and ozone generation device are operated in combination to prevent or reduce the occurrence of sea cucumber by suppressing the elution of nutrient salts from the lake bottom. On the other hand, in a hydrosphere environment where the water temperature is 20 ° C. or lower (for example, in winter), since the water temperature is low, there is no occurrence of aquatic plants. Therefore, the nutrient wave PO ₄ from the accumulated lake bottom can be operated by operating the vibration wave generator alone. -P can be eluted and collected.

The aquatic environment where water pollution progresses is often a water source, and considering the impact on ecosystems inhabiting the water area, it is necessary to avoid the occurrence of turbidity by rolling up sludge due to the operation of the device. The proposed stirring blade has two layers of convection up and down around the blade, and there is no strong water flow from the stirring blade to the bottom mud. Does not occur. Further, since the rotation speed of the stirring blade is operated at about 50 to 180 rpm, the water area only generates a low-speed flow, and the sludge is not wound or suspended .

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an embodiment of an apparatus according to the present invention. The following description is based on these drawings.
A framework is constituted by the aoko control device 1, the float 2, the bowl-shaped base 3, and the base 4. If the base part 4 is arranged vertically in the center and floats in the water, the base part 4 sinks into the 2/3 rank water. In the vibration wave generator, a motor 5, a shaft 6, a gear box 7, a stirring blade (horizontal arrangement) 8, and a stirring blade (vertical arrangement) 9 are arranged on the base. The stirring blade is composed of a vertically rotating vibrating blade 9a and a slanting cross rotating fluid blade 9b. In the figure, the stirring blade is composed of two multi-blade types. The oxygen generator 10 includes a submersible motor 11, a suction port (with a strainer) 12, a water suction hose 13, a stirring cylinder 14, an impeller (discharge port) 15, a suction port (with adjustment valve) 16, and a suction hose 17. When the underwater motor 11 is started, water is sucked from the suction port (with strainer) 12 and discharged through the water absorption hose 13 and the stirring tube 14 through the impeller (diffusion port) 15. Due to this series of circulation flow rates, the small intake port (with adjustment valve) 16 becomes negative pressure, and air is introduced through the intake hose 17. This air is sent to the stirring cylinder 14, and water and air are pulverized and mixed to form fine bubbles, which are discharged and diffused from the impeller (diffusion port) 15 into the water. The power supply is connected to a connection box 19 to which a power cable 18 of the motor 5 and the underwater motor 11 is supplied with power.

It is principal part explanatory drawing of a vibration wave generator and an oxygen generator. The combination figure of a vibration wave generator and an electrolysis oxygen generator (water electrolysis electrode). The combination figure of a vibration wave generator, an electrolysis oxygen generator (water electrolysis electrode), and a natural energy (solar, wind power, etc.) power generator.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Blue control device, 2 ... Float, 3 ... Vertical base, 4 ... Base part, 5 ... Motor, 6 ... Shaft, 7 ... Gear box, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 8 ... Stirring blade (horizontal arrangement), 9 ... Stirring blade (vertical arrangement), 9a ... Vibration blade, 9b ... Fluid blade, 10 ... Oxygen generator, 11 ... Submersible motor , 12 ... Suction port (with strainer), 13 ... Water absorption hose, 14 ... Stirring cylinder, 15 ... Impeller (discharge port), 16 ... Air intake port (with adjusting valve), 17. ..Intake hose, 18 ... Power cable, 19 ... Connection box 20 ... Electrolytic oxygen generator (water electrolysis electrode), 21 ... Natural energy power generation, 22 ... Charge / discharge control device

Claims (3)

It is a blue-spot control method that suppresses the occurrence of blue-spots using a device in which a vibration wave generator and an oxygen generator are attached to a base including a float,
The vibration wave generator is arranged perpendicular to the rotation shaft, and generates a vibration action that causes water to swing with rotation of the rotation shaft. The vibration blade is formed in a flat rugby ball shape, and is inclined to the rotation shaft. A stirring blade composed of a fluid blade that is arranged to intersect and generates a continuous flow in the water along with the rotation of the rotating shaft, and a power for rotating the stirring blade,
The vibration wave generator and the oxygen generator are installed in a lake supported by the base,
In the aquatic environment where aquatic is generated in summer, etc., the vibration wave generator and the oxygen generator are operated in combination to prevent or reduce the occurrence of aquatic by suppressing the elution of nutrients from the lake bottom,
A water-bloom control method comprising operating only the vibration wave generator and eluting and recovering nutrient salts from the bottom of a lake in aquatic environments where water-bloom does not occur such as in winter. 2. The method of controlling a sea urchin according to claim 1, wherein an oxygen generator by electrolysis of water is used as the oxygen generator.   In the depth direction in the lake, a stirring blade is provided on each of the side closer to the water surface and the side away from the water surface. The upper stirring blade has a rotating shaft arranged vertically, and the lower stirring blade has a rotating shaft arranged horizontally. 2. The method of controlling a sea urchin according to claim 1, wherein a vibration wave generator is used.

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