JP5360532B2 - Carbide tool and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cemented carbide tool capable of being used for work at a high temperature such as repairing work of a metal refining furnace. <P>SOLUTION: In the cemented carbide tool in which a cemented carbide chip is fixed to a base material made of steel, the cemented carbide chip is shrinkage-fitted to a cylindrical retaining member made of steel, is fitted to a fitting hole provided on the base material with the retaining member and is fixed by a fixing means such as welding and a screw. The cemented carbide tool can be manufactured by pressing the retaining member shrinkage-fitted with the cemented carbide chip from an outer peripheral part by a die to enhance adhesion property of the retaining member and the cemented carbide chip, fitting it to a mounting hole provided on the base material and fixing it by welding or the like. Recession/projection parts are formed on the outer peripheral part of the cemented carbide chip, some parts of the retraining member are plastically deformed, and preferably engaged with the recession/projection parts. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention is a cemented carbide tool in which a cemented carbide chip is fixed to a steel base, and is used at a high temperature, for example, a bit used for dismantling a refractory brick structure when refurbishing a metal smelting furnace. The present invention relates to a cemented carbide tool suitable for manufacturing and a manufacturing method thereof.

  When refurbishing a metal smelting furnace, a rock drill is used to dismantle the walls made of refractory bricks. As a tool that can be attached to a rock drill, a rock bit used in mining or civil engineering is used.

  The above-mentioned lock bit is obtained by brazing a cemented carbide chip (referred to as “carbide chip”) to a steel base material (shank) and fixing it by fixing means such as press-fitting and shrink fitting. Rotation and striking are applied by a rock machine and pressed against the refractory bricks to destroy the refractory bricks. Carbide tools are widely used for other purposes, but in general, carbide tips are vulnerable to shock and heat. It was often damaged or dropped out.

  In particular, when refurbishing a furnace used for melting metal, such as a furnace for metal refining, if the wall of the refractory brick is not demolished before the furnace is cooled, the entire furnace will be destroyed. Dismantling work is performed at a temperature close to ℃. For this reason, the bit in which the cemented carbide chip is fixed by brazing has a problem that the brazing material melts and the chip falls off. In addition, the bit with the cemented carbide chip fixed by press-fitting or shrink-fitting expands the hole into which the cemented carbide chip is fitted due to the thermal expansion of the base material. there were.

  As a method for preventing the carbide chip from falling off, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, after the carbide chip is fitted into a mounting hole provided in the base material 2, the periphery of the carbide chip 3 is attached to the base material 2. A method of welding is conceivable. However, this method has a problem that a cemented carbide tip that is vulnerable to thermal shock is damaged by welding heat. A method of casting a cemented carbide tip and welding it is also considered, but there is a problem that the cemented carbide tip is altered by heat during casting. In addition to the above, a method of fixing a cemented carbide and a dissimilar material joined has been tried. However, this method has a problem that the cemented carbide and the dissimilar material are separated by heat and fall off. It was. Furthermore, as a method for solving the problems in these methods, methods as disclosed in the following patent documents have been proposed.

JP 2006-289549 A

  As shown in FIG. 8, the one described in Patent Document 1 is fitted with a mounting hole 2 a provided in a base material 2 with a substantially conical cemented carbide chip whose lower side (the bottom side of the mounting hole) has an enlarged diameter. In this technique, a steel retaining ring 40 having a tapered hole is externally fitted to the shoulder, and then the retaining ring and the base material are welded and fixed. This technology prevents the deviation by pressing the carbide tip fitted in the mounting hole of the base material with a retaining ring. However, the fixing force of the carbide tip is not so strong. Then, there is a problem that the carbide tip wobbles due to thermal expansion and impact force, causing damage and dropping.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a cemented carbide tool in which a cemented carbide tip hardly falls off even under severe use conditions at a high temperature, and a manufacturing method thereof.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following configuration. That is, the cemented carbide tool according to the present invention is a cemented carbide tool in which a cemented carbide tip is fixed to a steel base material, and the cemented carbide tip is sintered to a cylindrical steel holding member having a hollow portion. The holding member that holds the cemented carbide chip is fixed by the fixing means in a state of being fitted into a fitting hole provided in the base material. Recess or protrusion on the outer peripheral portion of the hard tip (hereinafter collectively may be referred to as "uneven part") is formed, in which a part of the holding member in the uneven portion is engaged by plastic deformation This is especially true.

  Further, the method for manufacturing a cemented carbide tool according to the present invention includes shrinking and fitting a cemented carbide tip having a circular cross section and having an uneven portion on the outer periphery thereof to a steel holding member having a fitting hole with a circular cross section. The holding member is pressed from the outer peripheral side at a high temperature near the hot forging temperature, and a part of the inner wall surface of the holding member is plastically deformed to be engaged with the uneven portion of the cemented carbide chip. The member is fixed by welding or screwing in a state where the member is fitted in a mounting hole provided in the steel base.

  As the material of the holding member, it is preferable to employ a steel material that can be air-quenched, for example, SNCM steel, because the holding member can be quenched simultaneously with the quenching of the cemented carbide chip.

  In the cemented carbide tool according to the present invention, the cemented carbide tip itself has a circular cross section, and in a state of being fitted and fixed to a cylindrical holding member, the holding member is fitted into a mounting hole provided in a base material and welded. Since it is fixed, it is difficult for the carbide tip to fall off even when used at high temperatures. Moreover, since the heat of welding for adhering to the base material is not directly applied to the cemented carbide tip, the cemented carbide tip is not cracked or altered.

  By pressing the holding member at a high temperature from the outer peripheral side in a state where the carbide tip is shrink-fitted to the holding member, a part of the inner wall surface of the holding member is plastically deformed and is in close contact with the carbide tip. Hard chip retention is more reliable and stronger. In this case, if one or more uneven portions are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cemented carbide chip before fitting to the holding member, the holding member is used when pressurizing from the outer peripheral portion at a high temperature after shrink fitting to the holding member. Since a part of the inner wall surface engages with the concavo-convex portion of the cemented carbide tip by plastic deformation, the holding of the cemented carbide chip is further strengthened. Moreover, the strength of the holding member itself after shrink fitting can be improved by adopting a steel type that is quenched by air cooling, such as SNCM, as the material of the holding member.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described. FIG. 6 shows, as an example of a cemented carbide tool, a repair bit for a furnace for metal refining. This bit 1 has a plurality of blades at the tip of a base material (shank) 2 made of steel. The cemented carbide tip 3 is fixed. As shown in FIG. 4, the cemented carbide chip 3 is fitted in a holding member 4 having a hollow portion 4 a having a circular cross section, and the holding member 4 and the mounting hole 2 a formed at the distal end portion of the base material 2. It is welded and fixed in the fitted state. Reference numeral 5 denotes a weld layer.

  The cemented carbide tip 3 is, for example, a WC-Co based cemented carbide tip manufactured by a known powder metallurgy method. As shown in FIG. 1, the tip 3b of the cylindrical body 3a is conical. It has a sharp shape. Some chamfering 3c is given to the most advanced part. A plurality of recesses 7 are formed on the outer periphery of the body portion of the cemented carbide chip 3. In the illustrated example, a total of eight recesses 7 are arranged evenly on the outer periphery of the cemented carbide chip, two at the top and two at the bottom. The recess 7 is a shallow spherical recess, the depth h is 0.2 to 3 mm, and the diameter d is several mm. The shape and dimensions of the recess 7 are such that the strength of the cemented carbide tip does not decrease. The inner wall portion of the holding member 4 is deformed and engaged when pressed, and the cemented carbide tip 3 and the holding member 4 are Any material that is firmly fixed and integrated may be used.

  In the illustrated example, the concave portion 7 is formed in the cemented carbide chip 3. However, since the main point is to firmly support the holding member 4, a convex portion is formed instead of the concave portion. Alternatively, both the concave portion and the convex portion may be formed. As an example of these uneven shapes, for example, there is a method of performing knurling on the outer peripheral portion of the cemented carbide chip.

  The holding member 4 is a cylindrical member made of an SNCM material, which is air-cooled steel, and is attached in a state where the carbide chip 3 is fitted in the hollow portion (fitting hole) 4a. In the holding member 4 shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the fitting hole 4 a is formed as a bottomed hole, but may be a cylindrical fitting hole without a bottom. Attachment of the cemented carbide chip 3 to the holding member 4 is performed as follows. In a state where the holding member 4 is heated to about 900 ° C. which is the quenching temperature and thermally expanded, the cemented carbide chip 3 is fitted into the hollow portion 4a. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the holding member 4 for holding the carbide tip 3 is inserted as it is into the receiving die 10 having a tapered hole 10a having a narrow bottom, and the head (tip portion) of the carbide tip 3 is inserted. ) Is applied with a press die 11 having a concave portion 11a into which it is fitted and pressed (from the direction of the arrow in the figure).

  Then, the holding member 4 is gradually pressurized inward from the lower side by the receiving die 10 having the tapered hole 10a, and the holding member 4 in the high temperature state is slightly plastically deformed. At this time, the inner wall surface of the concave portion 4a is deformed so as to fit into the concave portion 7 of the cemented carbide chip 3, and the cemented carbide chip 3 is firmly fixed. When a convex portion is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the cemented carbide chip 3, the convex portion is fixed in a state of being bitten into the inner wall of the concave portion 4 a of the holding member 4. At the time of this pressurization, the taper surface of the receiving mold 10 gradually pressurizes from the lower side of the holding member 4, so that the air in the fitting hole 4a is gradually pushed upward from the hole bottom side, Air does not remain at the bottom of the hole, and the carbide tip is not pushed out by residual air pressure even when heated to a high temperature during use. The taper angle A of the receiving die 10 causes the holding member 4 to be plastically deformed by pressurization in the vertical direction by the press, and may be an angle that can be easily taken out after pressurization. This angle is, for example, about 4 to 6 degrees.

  By the pressurization, the holding member 4 is plastically deformed and engaged with the concave portion 7 of the cemented carbide chip, and the holding member 4 contracts by cooling, so that the holding member 4 firmly holds the carbide chip 3. In the illustrated example, the carbide tip 3 has an outer diameter of 19 mm, a shrinkage allowance of 0.1 mm, and the carbide chip 3 is provided in the holding member 4 provided with a fitting hole 4a smaller than the outer diameter by 0.1 mm. It is a shrink fit. The shrink fitting temperature was about 900 ° C., and the holding member 4 was quenched simultaneously with the shrink fitting. In addition, the cemented carbide chip 3 before shrink-fitting remained as sintered skin, and peripheral grinding was not performed. This is because the holding force of the holding member is considered to be higher when the surface is rough.

  FIG. 2 shows the cemented carbide chip unit 30 thus completed, and the cemented carbide chip 3 is firmly fitted and held by the holding member 4 in this unit 30. Next, the cemented carbide unit 30 in which the cemented carbide chip 3 and the holding member 4 are integrated is fixed to the base material 2 of the cemented carbide tool. This fixing is performed by fitting the cemented carbide unit 30 into the mounting hole 2 a of the base material 20 and welding the holding member 4 and the base material 2. Prior to fixing, the outer periphery of the holding member 4 is turned to increase the dimensional accuracy. FIG. 4 shows this fixed state, and the holding member 4 holding the cemented carbide chip 3 is fixed by welding in a state in which the holding member 4 is fitted in the mounting hole 2a of the base material 2.

  In the illustrated example, the cemented carbide chip unit 30 is fitted into the mounting hole 2a of the base material 2 and fixed by welding. However, as shown in FIG. A female screw may be cut into the two mounting holes 2a and both may be fixed together by screwing, and the holding member may be further fixed by welding after the carbide chip unit 30 is screwed. Even if the cemented carbide unit 30 is fixed by welding, welding heat is not directly applied to the cemented carbide tip 3, so that there is no possibility that the cemented carbide tip is cracked or cracked or the cemented carbide alloy is altered.

  In this carbide tool, since the holding member 4 is firmly fixed to the base material 2 in a state where the carbide tip 3 is firmly held by the steel holding member 4, the carbide tip 3 falls off even when used at a high temperature. There is little fear. Since the cemented carbide chip 3 is fixed to the holding member 4 by the tightening force by cooling from the shrink-fit temperature and the tightening force by pressurization, the cemented carbide chip 3 is firmly fixed. Further, since the holding member 4 is quenched at the same time as shrink fitting, the chip is held by a tough steel material that has been baked, and the holding power is also high in this respect.

  Furthermore, as shown in the illustrated example, a concave portion (or convex portion) 7 is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the cemented carbide chip 3 and is pressed into the holding member 4 at a high temperature from the outer peripheral portion in a state of being shrink-fitted. A cemented carbide tool with a stronger bond between the hard tip 3 and the holding member 4 can be obtained.

  FIG. 9 shows an embodiment different from the above. In this embodiment, the holding member 4 is formed in a cylindrical shape without a bottom, and the carbide tip 3 is shrink-fitted therein. The bottom surface of the carbide chip 3 is in contact with the bottom of the mounting hole 2 a of the base 2. In this embodiment, since the hollow portion 4a of the holding member is a through hole, processing is easy.

  The cemented carbide tool according to the present invention has a cemented carbide chip firmly fixed, is not easily damaged even when used at high temperatures, and is suitable for repairing a furnace for melting metal. It is. The method for manufacturing a cemented carbide tool according to the present invention is suitable for manufacturing such a cemented carbide tool. In addition, it is clear that this carbide tool can be suitably used for tools for other applications such as tools for ordinary excavation work, cutting tools, wear-resistant tools, and the like.

1 is an external view of a cemented carbide tip used for a cemented carbide tool according to the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the holding member which fitted and fixed the cemented carbide chip | tip. It is sectional drawing showing the method of pressurizing and clamping the holding member to which the cemented carbide chip was fixed. It is sectional drawing showing the state which fixed the holding member which fixed the cemented carbide chip to the base material. It is explanatory drawing of the holding member adhering method different from the above. It is the side view (a) and front view (b) of the bit which are an example of a cemented carbide tool. It is explanatory drawing of the conventional chip adhering method. It is explanatory drawing of the chip adhering method different from the above. It is sectional drawing of embodiment different from the above.

Explanation of symbols

1 Carbide tool 2 Base material (shank)
3 Carbide tip 4 Holding member 7 Recess 2a Mounting hole 30 Carbide tip unit

Claims (5)

A cemented carbide tool in which a cemented carbide tip is fixed to a steel base, wherein the cemented carbide chip is shrink-fitted into a cylindrical steel holding member having a hollow portion to hold the cemented carbide chip. A cemented carbide tool characterized in that a member is fixed by a fixing means in a state of being fitted into a fitting hole provided in a base material. Carbide tool according to claim 1, the outer peripheral portion of the hard tip, a portion of the holding member recess or protrusion engages plastically deformed is formed. The cemented carbide tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a material of the holding member is a steel material that can be air hardened. After cementing a cemented carbide chip having a circular cross section and having recesses in the outer peripheral portion into a steel holding member having a circular cross section fitting hole, the holding member is moved to the outer peripheral side at a high temperature near the hot forging temperature. pressurizing a portion of the inner wall surface of the holding member is plastically deformed to engage the recess or protrusion of the cemented carbide chips, accordingly Thereafter, fitted the retaining member into a hole provided in the steel base material from A method of manufacturing a cemented carbide tool, wherein the method is fixed by welding or screwing in a state of being inserted. The method of manufacturing a cemented carbide tool according to claim 4, wherein the holding member is an SNCM material that can be air-hardened, and the holding member is quenched at the same time as shrink-fitting of the carbide tip.

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