JP5359156B2 - Rolling bearing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rolling bearing device having a long lifetime, assuring less lubricant consumption, and hard to generate lubricant shortage in the high-speed rotation of an inner raceway member which requires lubricant large consumption. <P>SOLUTION: In an interference fit, an inner ring 3 is fitted to a rotary shaft 2 and fastened, and the rotary shaft 2 is provided with a lubricant storage chamber 71, while passages 72 and 33 extending approximately in the radial direction are formed between the chamber 71 and the peripheral surface of the inner ring 3. The passages 72 and 33 are provided with parts having different cross-section areas, and each part with a larger cross-section area in the passages 72 and 33 is located outside in the radial direction of a part with a smaller cross-section area in the passages 72 and 33. A ball 50 is installed in each part with a larger section area in the passages 72 and 33, and one end of a spiral spring is connected with the ball 50 while the other end of the spiral spring is fixed to the inner surface of the storage chamber 71. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a rolling bearing device, and more particularly to a rolling bearing device suitable for use in a machine tool.

  Conventionally, as a rolling bearing device, there is a ball bearing device described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-133024 (Patent Document 1).

  In this ball bearing device, a ball is disposed between an outer ring and an inner ring, a lubricant reservoir space is provided in at least one of the inner ring and the inner ring spacer, and lubrication that opens from the lubricant reservoir space to the transfer path of the rolling elements. And an agent outflow passage.

  A part or all of the lubricant outflow path is constituted by a minute gap caused by surface roughness on a contact surface between components constituting the lubricant outflow path.

  In the conventional ball bearing device described above, a part or all of the lubricant outflow path is constituted by a minute gap generated by surface roughness on the contact surface between the parts constituting the lubricant outflow path. In the case of grease, only the oil component may be separated from the grease in the grease, and only the oil component in the grease may pass through the lubricant outflow path, which may deteriorate the quality of lubrication.

  In general, the amount of lubricant supplied is often small, and the amount of lubricant may be insufficient during high-speed rotation of the inner ring that consumes a large amount of lubricant.

  On the contrary, when the amount of lubricant to be supplied is large, there is a problem that the lubricant quickly escapes from the lubricant reservoir space, the lubricant runs out early, and the life of the rolling bearing is premature. .

Also, in this case, during the low speed rotation of the inner ring that does not require a large amount of lubricant, the excess lubricant is stirred, so that the temperature rises, and seizure and changes in preload are promoted. is there.
Japanese Utility Model Publication 4-133024

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a rolling bearing device that has a long life, consumes a small amount of lubricant, and is less likely to cause a shortage of lubricant during high-speed rotation of an inner race member that consumes a large amount of lubricant. There is to do.

In order to solve the above problems, the rolling bearing device of the present invention is
An outer race member having a raceway surface on the inner peripheral surface;
While having a raceway surface on the outer peripheral surface, a lubricant storage chamber for storing a lubricant, a passage communicating the lubricant storage chamber and the outer peripheral surface inside, and a rotating inner race member,
A rolling element disposed between the inner race member and the outer race member;
When the rotational speed of the inner race member is equal to or lower than the first rotational speed, the passage is blocked, and when the rotational speed of the inner race member is higher than the first rotational speed, the lubricant flow rate adjustment for communicating the passage is performed. With the device ,
The lubricant flow rate adjusting device is
A lid member disposed in the passage;
An urging member for urging the lid member toward the lubricant storage chamber;
With
The lid member is urged to a sealing position that seals the passage by the urging member when the rotation speed of the inner track member is equal to or lower than the first rotation speed, while the rotation speed of the inner track member is When the rotational speed is higher than the first rotational speed, the internal raceway member is located on the outer peripheral surface side with respect to the sealing position in the passage due to centrifugal force accompanying rotation of the rotational speed exceeding the first rotational speed of the inner race member. And
The passage extends in a substantially radial direction,
The passage is
A first passage;
The cross-sectional area of the passage is smaller than the first passage and opens to the first passage, and the cross-sectional shape is substantially circular and the second passage.
Have
The lid member is a ball having a diameter larger than the diameter of the cross-sectional shape of the second passage,
The biasing member is a spring member extending substantially in the radial direction,
One end of the spring member is connected to the ball, while the other end of the spring member is connected to the inner surface of the lubricant reservoir.
When the rotation speed of the inner race member is equal to or lower than the first rotation speed, the ball on the first path side of the second path is closed with the ball based on the biasing force of the biasing member, It is characterized that you seal the passage.

  According to the present invention, the lubricant flow rate adjusting device is configured to block or communicate the passage that connects the lubricant storage chamber and the outer peripheral surface of the inner race member. Only the oil content of the agent is separated and is not supplied to the sliding portion. Therefore, the quality of the lubricant does not deteriorate.

  Further, according to the present invention, the lubricant flow rate adjusting device blocks the passage when the rotation speed of the inner raceway member is equal to or lower than the first rotation speed. It is possible to suppress excessive supply of the lubricant at the low rotation speed of the inner race member that is less than the speed and consumes less lubricant. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the temperature rise, seizure, and changes in the preload caused by the surplus lubricant at the low rotation speed of the inner race member.

  In addition, according to the present invention, when the rotational speed of the inner race member is equal to or lower than the first rotational speed, the amount of lubricant supplied to the sliding portion can be suppressed, so that the lubricant run-out can be delayed, The lifetime can be extended.

  Further, according to the present invention, the lubricant flow rate adjusting device is configured to communicate with the passage when the rotational speed of the inner raceway member is higher than the first rotational speed. It is possible to suppress a shortage of the amount of the lubricant during the high-speed rotation of the race member.

Further , according to the present invention , the lubricant flow rate adjusting device includes the lid member and the biasing member that biases the lid member toward the lubricant storage chamber. The adjusting device can be manufactured at low cost. Moreover, since no energy supplied from the outside such as electric power is necessary for the operation of the lubricant flow rate adjusting device, the operating cost of the rolling bearing device can be reduced, and the maintenance cost is almost generated. Absent.

In addition, according to the present invention , since the opening of the second passage is closed with the ball, when the rotational speed of the inner race member is equal to or lower than the first rotational speed, the sealing performance of the passage blocking is excellent. can do.

  In addition, the first rotational speed can be easily set to a rotational speed in the vicinity of the desired rotational speed simply by adjusting the spring constant of the spring member.

  According to the rolling bearing device of the present invention, the lubricant flow rate adjusting device is configured to block or communicate the passage that connects the lubricant storage chamber and the outer peripheral surface of the inner race member. However, the lubricant is not supplied to the sliding portion, and the quality of the lubricant is not deteriorated.

  Further, according to the rolling bearing device of the present invention, it is possible to supply an excess amount of lubricant when the inner race member has a rotational speed equal to or lower than the first rotational speed and the inner race member consumes less lubricant. It is possible to suppress the temperature rise, seizure, or change in the preload accompanying the stirring of the excess lubricant.

  Further, according to the rolling bearing device of the present invention, when the rotational speed of the inner race member is equal to or lower than the first rotational speed, the amount of lubricant supplied to the sliding portion can be suppressed, so that the lubricant run-out is delayed. Can extend the service life.

  Further, according to the rolling bearing device of the present invention, the lubricant flow rate adjusting device is configured to communicate with the passage when the rotational speed of the inner race member is higher than the first rotational speed, and therefore consumes a large amount of lubricant. It is possible to suppress a shortage of the amount of the lubricant during the high speed rotation of the inner race member.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view in the axial direction of a ball bearing device according to an embodiment of the rolling bearing device of the present invention.

  This ball bearing device includes an outer ring 1 as an outer race member, a rotating shaft 2, an inner ring 3, a plurality of balls 4, and a lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7.

  The outer ring 1 is fitted and fixed to an inner peripheral surface of a housing of a machine tool (not shown). The outer ring 1 has a raceway groove 11 as a raceway surface on the inner peripheral surface.

  The rotating shaft 2 constitutes a main shaft of the machine tool, and the inner ring 3 is fixedly fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 2 by an interference fit. The inner ring 3 has a raceway groove 31 as a raceway surface on the outer peripheral surface. The rotating shaft 2 and the inner ring 3 constitute an inner race member.

  The plurality of balls 4 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction between the raceway groove 11 of the outer ring 1 and the raceway groove 31 of the inner ring 3 while being held by the cage 5.

  The rotating shaft 2 has a mounting portion 21 that is recessed from the surface. The lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7 is fitted into the attachment portion 21. The lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7 is fixed to the shaft 2 in a state of being fitted into the attachment portion 21. The lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7 has a lubricant storage chamber 71 and a passage 72 therein. Grease G as an example of a lubricant is stored in the lubricant storage chamber 71. The lubricant storage chamber 71 is formed with a filling port 75 for filling the lubricant storage chamber 71 with grease. The passage 72 extends substantially in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 2.

  The passage 72 has a first passage 77 and a second passage 78. The cross-sectional shape of each of the first passage 77 and the second passage 78 in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction thereof is substantially circular. The first passage 77 is located radially outward from the second passage 78. The first passage 77 communicates with the second passage 78. The sectional area of the first passage 77 is larger than the sectional area of the second passage 78. The radially outer end of the first passage 77 opens outward in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 2 of the lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7, while the radially inner end of the second passage 78. The end is open to the lubricant reservoir 71.

  The inner ring 3 has a passage 33. The passage 33 extends substantially in the radial direction of the inner ring 3. The shape of the cross section perpendicular to the extending direction of the passage 33 is substantially circular. One end in the radial direction of the passage 33 communicates with the first passage 77 by opening to the opening of the first passage 77 of the lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7, while the radial direction of the passage 33 The other outer end of the inner ring 3 is open to the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 3. The cross-sectional area of the cross section of the passage 33 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the cross section of the first passage 77.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a space defined by the first passage 77 of the lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7 and the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 3 is a lid member accommodation chamber 40.

  The lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7 includes a ball 50 made of rubber, resin, or metal, a helical spring 51, and a locking portion 52 as an example of a lid member. The ball 50 is disposed in the lid member accommodation chamber 40. The diameter of the ball 50 is larger than the diameter of the cross section of the second passage 78 of the lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7.

  The helical spring 51 extends substantially in the radial direction. One end of the spiral spring 51 in the radial direction is connected to the ball 50, while the other end in the radial direction of the spiral spring 51 is the bottom surface of the lubricant storage chamber 71 (lubricant storage). It is connected to a locking portion 52 attached to a surface (58) located inwardly in the radial direction in the chamber 71. The locking portion 52 is, for example, a hook fixed to the bottom surface 58 of the lubricant storage chamber 71. The helical spring 51 is fixed by pulling the other radially inner end of the helical spring 51 from the filling port 75 through the second passage 78 and hooking the locking portion 52.

  In a state where the balls 50 block the opening on the lid member accommodation chamber 40 side in the second passage 78 of the lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7, the length of the helical spring 51 is longer than the natural length of the helical spring. ing. That is, the ball 50 is constantly biased toward the opening on the lid member accommodation chamber 40 side in the second passage 78 of the lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7 by the helical spring. The position where the ball 50 closes the opening on the lid member accommodation chamber 40 side is the sealing position of the ball 50.

  In the above configuration, when the rotating shaft 2 is stopped, the balls 50 of the lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7 block the opening on the lid member accommodation chamber 40 side in the second passage 78 of the lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7. ing.

  In addition, the rotation shaft 2 starts to rotate, the rotation speed of the rotation shaft 2 increases, the centrifugal force that gives the ball 50 a radially outward force increases, and the radial force applied to the ball 50 increases. The outward force is equal to the radially inward force applied to the ball 50 (the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 2 at this time becomes the first rotational speed), and further applied to the ball 50. When the radially outward force applied to the ball 50 exceeds the radially inward force applied to the ball 50, the ball 50 moves outward in the radial direction, and the lubricant flow adjusting device 7 The two passages 78 and the first passage 77 of the lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7 communicate with each other.

  At this time, the grease G in the lubricant storage chamber 71 moves into the lid member storage chamber 40, and the grease G in the lid member storage chamber 40 moves outward in the radial direction of the ball 50, The ball 50 is pushed outward in the radial direction and supplied to the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 3 through the passage 33 of the inner ring 3.

  According to the ball bearing device of the above embodiment, the lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7 is configured to block or communicate the passages 72 and 33 that communicate the lubricant storage chamber 71 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 3. Therefore, unlike the conventional configuration, only the oil component of the grease as the lubricant is not separated and supplied to the sliding portion. Therefore, the quality of grease does not deteriorate.

  Further, according to the ball bearing device of the above embodiment, when the rotational speed of the inner race member (the rotary shaft 2 and the inner ring 3) is equal to or lower than the first rotational speed, the lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7 is connected to the passage 72, Since 33 is cut off, it is possible to suppress excessive supply of grease G at the low rotation speed of the inner race member in which the rotation speed of the inner race member is equal to or lower than the first rotation speed and the consumption of grease G is small. Therefore, it is possible to suppress temperature rise, seizure, and changes in preload caused by excess grease when the inner race member is rotated at a low rotational speed.

  Further, according to the ball bearing device of the above-described embodiment, when the rotational speed of the inner race member is equal to or lower than the first rotational speed, the amount of grease G supplied to the sliding portion can be suppressed, so that the grease exhaustion is delayed. Can extend the service life.

  Further, according to the ball bearing device of the embodiment, the lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7 is configured to communicate the passages 72 and 33 when the rotational speed of the inner race member is higher than the first rotational speed. It is possible to suppress a shortage of the amount of grease G when the inner raceway member that consumes a lot of grease G rotates at high speed.

  Further, according to the ball bearing device of the above embodiment, the lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7 includes the ball 50 that is a lid member and the helical spring 51 that biases the ball 50 toward the lubricant storage chamber 71. Since it comprises, the lubricant flow rate adjustment apparatus 7 can be manufactured cheaply. Further, since no energy supplied from the outside such as electric power is required for the operation of the lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7, the operation cost of the ball bearing device can be reduced and the maintenance cost is almost generated. There is nothing.

  Further, according to the ball bearing device of the above embodiment, since the ball 50 is configured to block the opening of the second passage 78 of the lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7, the rotation speed of the inner race member is equal to or lower than the first rotation speed. In this case, it is possible to make the sealing performance of the passage blocking excellent. In addition, the first rotational speed can be easily set to a rotational speed in the vicinity of a desired rotational speed simply by adjusting the spring constant of the helical spring 51.

  In the ball bearing of the above embodiment, the inner race member is constituted by the rotating shaft 2 and the inner ring 3, and the lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7 is fixed to the mounting portion 21 formed on the rotating shaft 2, and the passages 72 and 33. Are formed in the lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7 and the inner ring 3, and when the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 2 is higher than the first rotational speed, the lubricant reservoir 71 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 3 communicate with each other through the passages 72 and 33. I tried to do it. However, in the present invention, the inner race member may be formed only of the inner ring, and the lubricant reservoir and the passage may be formed only in the inner ring.

  Moreover, in the ball bearing of the said embodiment, the helical spring 51 connected the ball | bowl 50 and the inner surface of the lubricant storage chamber 71. In this invention, while fixing the end of a spring to a cover member, The other end of the spring may be fixed to, for example, a step provided in a passage located radially outward from the lid member. And the structure which a spring length shrink | contracts may be sufficient when a cover member connects a channel | path.

  In the ball bearing of the above embodiment, both the first passage 77 and the second passage 78 of the passage 72 of the lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7 are formed in a circular cross section, and the first passage 77 Although the cross-sectional area is larger than the cross-sectional area of the second passage 78, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the passage 172 may have a portion 173 having a conical inner peripheral surface. However, when it is located at a predetermined location on the inner circumferential surface of the cone, the portion 173 having the inner circumferential surface of the cone may be closed.

  Moreover, in the ball bearing of the said embodiment, although the cover member was the ball 50, in this invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the plate-shaped member 250 may be sufficient as a cover member.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the urging | biasing member was the helical spring 51, in this invention, well-known springs other than helical springs, such as a coil spring and a leaf | plate spring, may be sufficient as an urging | biasing member.

  Further, in the ball bearing of the above embodiment, the passages 77 and 78 extend in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 2, but in this invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the passages 377 and 378 are provided on the rotary shaft. It may be inclined at an acute angle with respect to the radial direction.

  Further, in the ball bearing of the above embodiment, the radially outer end of the passage 33 opens in a portion other than the raceway groove 31 on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 3. One end may be open to the raceway surface of the inner ring.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the rolling element was the ball 4, in this invention, rolling elements other than balls, such as a cylindrical roller, a tapered roller, or a convex roller, may be sufficient. Moreover, the rolling element may be composed of at least two or more of balls, cylindrical rollers, tapered rollers, and convex rollers.

  In the above embodiment, the lubricant flow rate adjusting device 7 includes the ball 50 and the helical spring 51. However, in the present invention, the lubricant flow rate adjusting device includes an electromagnetic valve and a rotational speed detection device. The electromagnetic valve that receives the control signal from the rotational speed detection device may be configured to open and close the valve, and the electromagnetic valve that receives the control signal from the rotational speed detection device adjusts the opening of the valve It may be.

It is a schematic cross section of the axial direction of the ball bearing apparatus of one Embodiment of the rolling bearing apparatus of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows a part of rolling bearing apparatus of a modification. It is a schematic diagram which shows a part of rolling bearing apparatus of a modification. It is a schematic diagram which shows a part of rolling bearing apparatus of a modification.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outer ring 2 Rotating shaft 3 Inner ring 4 Ball 7 Lubricant flow control device 11 Inner ring raceway groove 31 Inner ring raceway groove 33 Inner ring passage 40 Lid member accommodation chamber 50,150 ball 51 Spiral spring 58 Bottom surface of lubricant storage chamber 71 Lubricant storage chamber 72 Lubricant flow rate adjusting device passage 77 Lubricant flow rate adjusting device first passage 78 Lubricant flow rate adjusting device second passage 250 Plate members 122, 322, 333 Passage

Claims (1)

An outer race member having a raceway surface on the inner peripheral surface;
While having a raceway surface on the outer peripheral surface, a lubricant storage chamber for storing a lubricant, a passage communicating the lubricant storage chamber and the outer peripheral surface inside, and a rotating inner race member,
A rolling element disposed between the inner race member and the outer race member;
When the rotational speed of the inner race member is equal to or lower than the first rotational speed, the passage is blocked, and when the rotational speed of the inner race member is higher than the first rotational speed, the lubricant flow rate adjustment for communicating the passage is performed. With the device ,
The lubricant flow rate adjusting device is
A lid member disposed in the passage;
An urging member for urging the lid member toward the lubricant storage chamber;
With
The lid member is urged to a sealing position that seals the passage by the urging member when the rotation speed of the inner track member is equal to or lower than the first rotation speed, while the rotation speed of the inner track member is When the rotational speed is higher than the first rotational speed, the internal raceway member is located on the outer peripheral surface side with respect to the sealing position in the passage due to centrifugal force accompanying rotation of the rotational speed exceeding the first rotational speed of the inner race member. And
The passage extends in a substantially radial direction,
The passage is
A first passage;
The cross-sectional area of the passage is smaller than the first passage and opens to the first passage, and the cross-sectional shape is substantially circular and the second passage.
Have
The lid member is a ball having a diameter larger than the diameter of the cross-sectional shape of the second passage,
The biasing member is a spring member extending substantially in the radial direction,
One end of the spring member is connected to the ball, while the other end of the spring member is connected to the inner surface of the lubricant reservoir.
When the rotation speed of the inner race member is equal to or lower than the first rotation speed, the ball on the first path side of the second path is closed with the ball based on the biasing force of the biasing member, rolling bearing apparatus characterized that you seal the passage.

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