JP5351869B2 - Connecting structure and pressure relief plate used for it - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a connection structure capable of preventing fracture of a holding hole due to secular deformation of a member, loads or the like and maintaining the soundness of a building when working the holding hole on a surface of the member in order to fit a projection part of a metal fitting, and a pressure isolation plate used in the same. <P>SOLUTION: In order to connect one material 31 and the other material 41 both in a rod shape, a structure uses: a metal fitting 11 comprising a front surface plate 12 provided with projection parts 14 to be fitted to holding holes 33 of the one material 31 and side face plates 17 to be inserted to slits 42 of the other material 41; a fixture 25 such as a bolt for fixing the metal fitting 11 to the one material 31; and pins 46 such as drift pins for fixing the metal fitting 11 to the other material 41. In the structure, pressure isolation plates 21 which are to be fitted to housing grooves 35 provided on the surface of the one material 31 and are provided with inner holes 22 for fitting the projection parts 14 are incorporated. By the pressure isolation plates 21, the loads acting on the projection parts 14 are distributed and transmitted to the one material 31, the loads acting on the holding holes 33 are reduced, and the fracture is prevented. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2012,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a connecting structure for connecting members such as columns and beams in various wooden buildings, and a pressure relief plate used therefor.

  A wooden frame construction method that is widely used as a construction method for houses and the like is to construct a building skeleton by combining various members such as foundations, columns, and beams. In order to secure the strength of this skeleton, it is necessary to firmly connect adjacent members, and measures such as combining a tenon and a tenon groove have been taken for a long time. Hozo, however, has a problem that the cross-sectional defect of the member becomes large, and in recent years, various metal fittings are often used for the purpose of ensuring earthquake resistance.

  FIG. 7 shows an example of the shape of a metal fitting that connects two members such as a column and a beam in a T shape. This metal fitting is a "U" shape that is formed by bending a steel plate at two locations, and is composed of a front plate located in the center and side plates protruding from the left and right ends. The front plate protrudes in a cylindrical shape. Two protruding portions are formed side by side. The inside of the protrusion is hollow so that the head of the bolt can be accommodated, and a shaft hole through which the shaft of the bolt is inserted is formed at the center of the protrusion. In addition, the two side plates have the same shape, and a V-shaped pin groove is formed on the upper surface, and two sets of pin holes are formed below it.

  In order to attach this metal fitting, a holding hole, a drill hole and a counterbore hole are processed in advance on the side surface of the column. The holding hole is for fitting the protruding part of the metal fitting, the next drill hole is for inserting the bolt that fixes the metal fitting, and the last counterbore hole accommodates the nut that is screwed into the bolt Is to do. At the time of construction, after fitting the protruding portion of the metal fitting into the holding hole of the pillar, a bolt is inserted from between the two side plates toward the shaft hole, and the tip thereof reaches the counterbore hole. Then, after inserting a washer at the tip of the bolt, when the nut is screwed and tightened, the metal fitting comes into close contact with the side surface of the column. The outer diameter of the protrusion and the inner diameter of the holding hole are the same, and the metal fitting can be fixed with high accuracy.

  At the end of the beam, there are stepped parts for accommodating the front plate and two rows of slits for inserting the side plate, and on the side of the beam there is a horizontal hole for driving the drift pin. It has been processed. At the time of construction, fix the bracket to the side of the column with bolts, drive a drift pin into the top horizontal hole, then lift the beam and move the end of the beam directly above the bracket. When the beam is gradually lowered, the side plate is inserted into the slit, and the drift pin that has been driven is received by the pin groove, and the temporary placement of the beam is completed. Thereafter, when drift pins are driven into the remaining horizontal holes, the columns and the beams are connected via the metal fittings.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a joining apparatus for wooden building members such as columns and beams. As in FIG. 7, this joining apparatus joins two members with a U-shaped fitting. This metal fitting is composed of a support plate and a joining plate, and the support plate is a part that contacts a side surface of a main member such as a pillar, and the joining plate is an engagement groove processed at the end of a coupling member such as a beam. It is a part to be inserted into. Further, the metal fitting is fixed to the main member or the coupling member via a bolt or the like. An object of the present invention is to prevent a metal member from being displaced due to thinning of a member. A support plate is provided with a plurality of protrusions, and a fitting hole into which a protrusion is inserted is processed in a main member. By inserting the protruding portion into the fitting hole, it is possible to prevent the metal fitting from being displaced even when thinning of the member occurs, and to improve the reliability of the joining apparatus.

JP 10-33260 A

  Each of the metal fittings shown in FIG. 7 and Patent Document 1 is provided with a protruding portion (protruding portion) that protrudes from the front plate (support plate) in order to prevent displacement due to a downward load. It is inserted into the processed holding hole (fitting hole). Such a configuration is currently introduced in many metal fittings, and when combined with pre-cut technology, the installation accuracy of the members is improved, the rigidity of the connecting portion is easily secured, and the connecting operation can be completed in a short time. Etc. have excellent effects.

  However, as the usage record of the metal fittings as shown in FIG. 7 increases and the usage period becomes longer, the problem has been raised. Specifically, it has been found that cracks are likely to occur in the member starting from the lower part of the holding hole into which the protrusion of the metal fitting is fitted. The cause is that the downward load transmitted from the beam is concentrated in the lower part of the holding hole and is affected by the aging of the member. This crack will not cause any problems as long as it is within the normal range, but if an external factor such as encountering an earthquake is added, the crack will grow, and in the worst case the metal fitting will sink greatly. There is also a risk of distortion of the building skeleton.

  The present invention has been developed based on such circumstances, and when fitting a protruding part of a metal fitting, when the holding hole is processed on the surface of the member, it prevents cracking of the holding hole due to aging deformation or load of the member. The purpose is to provide a connection structure that can maintain the soundness of the building and a pressure relief plate used therefor.

  The invention according to claim 1 for solving the above-mentioned problems is a front plate having a projection that is directed to the surface of one material and fits into a holding hole of the one material, and a side plate that is inserted into a slit provided in the other material. And a fixture for fixing the front plate to the one member, and pins for fixing the side plate to the other member, on the surface of the one member The one member and the other member are joined by press-contacting the front plate to the surface of the one member via a pressure-reducing plate that fits into the provided housing groove and has an inner hole that passes through the protruding portion. It is the connection structure characterized by this.

  The present invention relates to a connection structure that connects two members in surface contact, and one of the two members is referred to as one member and the other is referred to as the other member. Both the one material and the other material are made of wood containing laminated material, both are arranged in a T-shape or L-shape, and a metal fitting or the like is incorporated into the contact surface. In this specification, one material is a column, the other material is a beam, and a T-shaped connecting portion in which the end surface of the beam contacts the side surface of the column is described.

  The bracket is composed of a front plate that comes into contact with the surface of one material and a side plate that is inserted into a slit machined at the end of the other material. After cutting a single steel plate into a predetermined shape, the metal plate is corrected by bending. A face plate and a side plate are formed. Normally, the front plate and the side plate are arranged at right angles, but when the other material is connected in the oblique direction, the front plate and the side plate are arranged according to the intersection angle. Further, the metal fitting is often formed in a “U” shape in which the side plate protrudes at right angles from the left and right ends of the front plate, but may be L-shaped with only one side plate on one side.

  In the present invention, the front plate needs to have some kind of protrusion so that the vertical load acting on the front plate can be transmitted not only to the surface of the one material but also to the one material. Furthermore, in order to fit a protrusion part in the surface of one material, a certain holding hole is processed. Note that the cross-sectional shape of the holding hole should be the same as that of the protruding part so that the vertical load can be transmitted smoothly, but there should be no gap, but the depth of the holding hole should be strictly controlled as long as there is no problem with mounting the bracket. It does not have to be.

  Although only one protrusion may be provided for one metal fitting, a plurality of protrusions are often provided in order to disperse the load and prevent swinging. The cross section is optimally circular, but other shapes such as a square cross section may be used as long as the holding hole can be processed with high accuracy. Furthermore, the protrusion can be a simple rod, but is often hollow so that the head of the bolt and the nut can be accommodated therein. In addition, although a protrusion part is often shape | molded by press work from a viewpoint of cost or precision, it can also be attached to a front board by welding.

  The fixture is used to fix the metal fitting to one material. The metal fitting can be easily detached from the one material simply by bringing the front plate into contact with the one material and fitting the protrusion into the holding hole. Therefore, the metal fitting is fixed to one material using a fixing tool such as a bolt or a screw nail. When using a bolt as a fixture, the front plate and one material are inserted so as to pass through, and a nut is attached to the tip of the bolt and tightened to bring the front plate into close contact with the one material. In order to insert the shaft portion of the bolt, a shaft hole is provided in the front plate, and a drill hole is processed in one material at a position concentric with the shaft hole. The shaft hole can be provided at the center of the protruding portion, and a bolt head or nut can be accommodated in the protruding portion.

  When a nail such as a screw nail is used as a fixing tool, a plurality of nail holes are provided in the front plate and driven from here into one member. Since the head of the nail is much thinner than the head of the bolt, there are few restrictions on the driving position. Therefore, the nail hole can be provided at a position different from the protruding portion. In the present invention, the protruding portion bears the transmission of the vertical load, and an excessive shear load does not act on the fixture.

  The pins are for fixing the side plate inserted into the slit of the other material, the side plate is provided with a pin hole for inserting the pins, and the other material has a pin hole and A horizontal hole is processed in advance at a concentric position. At the time of construction, after aligning the pin hole and the horizontal hole concentrically, the pins are driven from the horizontal hole, and the other material and the metal fitting are integrated. As the pins, a general-purpose drift pin is used and is often fixed to the other material by friction. However, a bolt can be used as an alternative to the drift pin.

  Thus, the structure which connects one material and the other material using the metal fitting which has a projection part has spread widely from the former. The present invention is characterized in that a pressure relief plate is incorporated in this portion in order to relieve the load acting on the lower portion of the holding hole in which the protruding portion is fitted. The pressure relief plate is sandwiched between the front plate and the one member, and the protruding portion of the metal fitting is fitted therein. For this reason, the vertical load acting on the metal fitting is transmitted from the protruding portion to the one member via the pressure relief plate, and the vertical load acting on the holding hole is reduced.

  The pressure-free plate is obtained by cutting a steel plate into a predetermined shape, and an intermediate hole for fitting the protruding portion of the metal fitting is provided near the center. Of course, the inner hole has a shape that allows the protrusion to be fitted without a gap. Furthermore, a receiving groove is processed on the surface of the one material so that the pressure relief plate can be arranged without difficulty. The housing groove has a shape that can come into contact with the lower surface of the pressure-isolating plate, and needs to reliably receive the downward load acting on the pressure-free plate.

  The shape and size of the pressure-proof plate can be freely selected, but it is often a horizontally long rectangle. In this case, the housing groove has a groove shape that crosses the side surface of the one material, and the entire lower surface of the pressure-free plate comes into contact with the housing groove, so that the load acting on the one material from the metal fitting can be dispersed over a wide area. Other than the rectangular shape, the pressure-reducing plate may be a disk shape, and the receiving groove may be a circle having the same diameter. In this case, by increasing the diameter of the pressure-reducing plate, the contact area between both increases, and the load can be distributed over a wide area. Even in the case where a single metal fitting has a plurality of protrusions, it is not necessary to incorporate pressure-relieving plates into all the protrusions, and only one pressure-relief plate may be provided at one connecting portion.

  The invention according to claim 2 is a metal fitting comprising a front plate that has a protruding portion that is directed to the surface of one material and fits into a holding hole of the one material, and a side plate that is inserted into a slit provided in the other material, A fixing tool for fixing the front plate to the one material, and pins for fixing the side plate to the other material, and press-contacting the front plate to the surface of the one material The pressure relief plate, which is used for a connecting structure for joining the one material and the other material, has an inner hole that fits into a receiving groove provided on the surface of the one material and passes through the protruding portion. It is.

  The invention according to claim 2 is a pressure-reducing plate for distributing a downward load acting on the protruding portion over a wide area and transmitting it to one member in a connecting portion using a fitting having a protruding portion, These details are the same as those of the first aspect of the invention. The pressure-resistant plate is assumed to be used integrally with a metal fitting having a protruding portion, and it is necessary to process an accommodation groove for incorporating the pressure-free plate in one material.

  As in the first aspect of the invention, in the connection structure between the one member and the other member using the metal fitting having the protruding portion, a pressure-reducing plate having a medium hole is incorporated in the accommodation groove processed on the surface of the one member. Further, by fitting the protruding portion of the metal fitting into the inner hole, the downward load acting on the other material is transmitted to the one material via the protruding portion and the pressure relief plate. Therefore, the load acting on the lower part of the holding hole is relaxed, and cracks based on this point can be prevented, which contributes to the improvement of the soundness of the building.

  As in the invention according to claim 2, in the connection structure between the one member and the other member using the metal fitting having the protruding portion, it is incorporated in the accommodation groove processed on the surface of the one material, and the protruding portion can be fitted. By using a pressure-free plate having a hole, a downward load acting on the other material is transmitted to one material via the protrusion and the pressure-free plate. Therefore, the load acting on the lower part of the holding hole is relaxed, and cracks based on this point can be prevented, which contributes to the improvement of the soundness of the building.

It is a perspective view which shows the specific example of the connection structure by this invention, and a pressure relief board. It is a perspective view which shows the state which looked at FIG. 1 from the other side. It is a perspective view which shows the usage example of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the form which used the pressure-proof board which can be fixed to a pillar with a screw | thread. It is a perspective view which shows the form which made the pressure-proof plate the disk shape instead of the rectangular shape. It is a perspective view which shows the form which used the nail | claw as a fixing tool by making a metal fitting into an L shape. It is a perspective view which shows the example of a shape of the metal fitting which connects two members in T shape.

  FIG. 1 shows a specific example of a connection structure and a pressure-free plate 21 according to the present invention. This connecting portion has a T-shape in which the end surface of the beam 41 (the other material) is in contact with the side surface of the column 31 (the one material), and the column 31 and the beam 41 are integrated via the metal fitting 11. The metal fitting 11 has a “U” shape formed by bending a steel plate at two locations, and includes a front plate 12 located in the center and side plates 17 projecting from both left and right ends thereof. The front plate 12 is a part that contacts the side surface of the column 31, and three columnar protrusions 14 are formed on the surface in order to prevent the metal fitting 11 from falling. The protrusion 14 is formed by press working and has a hollow shape. Further, in order to fit the protruding portion 14, holding holes 33 are processed at three positions on the side surface of the column 31. The outer diameter of the protruding portion 14 and the inner diameter of the holding hole 33 are equal, and the metal fitting 11 can be attached to the column 31 with high accuracy.

  The metal fitting 11 can be easily detached from the column 31 only by fitting the protruding portion 14 into the holding hole 33. Therefore, the metal fitting 11 is fixed to the column 31 with a bolt 25 (fixing tool) and a nut 27. The metal fitting 11 has a structure in which the bolt 25 and the projecting portion 14 are concentric, and a shaft hole 13 for inserting the shaft portion of the bolt 25 is formed at the center of the projecting portion 14. Can accommodate the head of the bolt 25. Further, a drill hole 32 is machined in the back of the holding hole 33 of the column 31 to insert the shaft portion of the bolt 25, and a counterbore hole 34 is machined in order to accommodate the nut 27.

  When the metal fitting 11 is fixed to the column 31, the projecting portion 14 is fitted into the holding hole 33, the bolt 25 is inserted from the space between the two side plates 17 toward the shaft hole 13, and the tip thereof is a counterbore hole. 34 is reached. Then, after the washer 26 is inserted into the tip of the bolt 25, the nut 27 is screwed and tightened to bring the metal fitting 11 into close contact with the side surface of the column 31. The washer 26 is used to relieve the pressure acting on the column 31.

  The two side plates 17 projecting from the left and right ends of the front plate 12 have the same shape, and a pin groove 18 cut out in a V-shape is formed on the upper surface, and three sets of pin holes 19 are formed below it. Is formed. Further, two rows of slits 42 are processed at the end of the beam 41 so as to insert the side plate 17, and further, a drift pin 46 (pins) is driven into the side of the beam 41. Four rows of horizontal holes 44 are processed at positions that are concentric with the holes 19. The lateral hole 44 crosses the slit 42 and reaches the opposite surface. In addition, a stepped portion 43 is processed in the center of the end face of the beam 41 to accommodate the front plate 12.

  When the beam 41 is fixed to the metal fitting 11, the metal fitting 11 is fixed to the column 31 in advance, and a drift pin is driven into the top horizontal hole 44. Next, the beam 41 is lifted and the end of the beam 41 is moved directly above the metal fitting 11. When the beam 41 is gradually lowered, the side plate 17 is inserted into the slit 42, and the drift pin 46 that has been driven is eventually received by the pin groove 18, and the temporary placement of the beam 41 is completed. Thereafter, when the drift pins 46 are driven into the remaining three rows of horizontal holes 44, the columns 31 and the beams 41 are connected via the metal fittings 11.

  The pressure relief plate 21 is a rectangular steel plate sandwiched between the front plate 12 and the column 31 of the metal fitting 11, and has an inner hole 22 formed in the center thereof. The inner hole 22 has an inner diameter into which the protruding portion 14 can be fitted, and when the metal fitting 11 is fixed to the column 31, the pressure relief plate 21 is fitted into the protruding portion 14 in advance. A housing groove 35 for incorporating the pressure-free plate 21 is processed on the side surface of the column 31.

  The pressure relief plate 21 is integrated with the protruding portion 14 fitted in the inner hole 22, and receives a downward load acting on the metal fitting 11, and has a function of transmitting to the column 31. Furthermore, it is preferable that the entire lower surface of the pressure-free plate 21 is in contact with the receiving groove 35 so that the load can be distributed over a wide area. Therefore, the pressure relief plate 21 and the accommodation groove 35 need a certain degree of dimensional accuracy. By using such a pressure relief plate 21, the load acting on the lower portion of the holding hole 33 is relieved, and cracking of the column 31 can be prevented.

  In this figure, two pressure-release plates 21 are used for the three protrusions 14. The pressure relief plate 21 does not need to be incorporated in all the protrusions 14, and only one piece of the metal fitting 11 may be used. Further, in this figure, since the pressure-isolating plate 21 is thinner than the protruding height of the protruding portion 14, the holding hole 33 is processed in the back of the accommodation groove 35. The holding hole 33 has a function of restraining the lateral displacement of the metal fitting 11 although the fitting range with the protruding portion 14 is shortened and it is difficult to transmit the downward load. In addition, the pressure relief plate 21 in this figure receives a downward load acting on the beam 41, but may receive an upward or horizontal load depending on the configuration of the connecting portion.

  FIG. 2 shows a state when FIG. 1 is viewed from the opposite side. The accommodation groove 35 is processed so as to connect both side surfaces of the column 31, and the holding hole 33 is also formed in the center of the accommodation groove 35. It is. Note that after the metal fitting 11 is fixed to the column 31, the entire pressure-free plate 21 has entered the accommodation groove 35, and the front plate 12 of the metal fitting 11 is in contact with the side surface of the column 31 without difficulty. Further, at the boundary portion between the front plate 12 and the column 31, the projecting portion 14 is fitted into the inner hole 22 of the pressure relief plate 21, and the lower surface of the pressure relief plate 21 is in contact with the accommodation groove 35. Therefore, the downward load acting on the metal fitting 11 is transmitted to the column 31 through the entire lower surface of the pressure-free plate 21.

  FIG. 3 shows an example of the use of the present invention. If the pressure-isolating plate 21 is integrated with the metal fitting 11 having the protruding portion 14, the cross-shaped connecting portion in which the two beams 41 protrude from the side surface of the single column 31 as shown in FIG. Can be used. The metal fitting 11 and the pressure relief plate 21 in this figure are the same as those in FIG. 1, but the two metal fittings 11 are arranged on the side surface of the column 31 so as to face each other. Moreover, the accommodation groove | channel 35 is processed into the both sides | surfaces of the pillar 31, and the pressure relief plate 21 is incorporated in each.

  FIG. 4 shows a form using a pressure-free plate 21 that can be fixed to the pillar 31 with a screw 28. At the time of construction of the connecting portion, the metal fitting 11 may be fixed to the column 31 after the pressure-free plate 21 has been incorporated in the housing groove 35 in advance. At that time, the pressure relief plate 21 needs to be accurately incorporated into the accommodation groove 35 in order to fit the protrusion 14 smoothly. Therefore, as shown in this figure, after the pressure relief plate 21 is pushed into the accommodation groove 35, it can be fixed to the column 31 with a screw 28 or the like in order to prevent its movement or dropping. The screw 28 does not bear the load transmission, and is unnecessary after the construction, and therefore may be a small-diameter object. When the screw 28 is used, the pressure relief plate 21 needs a screw hole 23. The screw hole 23 in this figure has an inner diameter that changes in the middle, and the head of the screw 28 can be embedded.

  FIG. 5 shows a form in which the pressure-isolating plate 21 is not a rectangular shape but a disk shape. The pressure-free plate 21 is not limited to a rectangular shape as long as it can transmit a downward load, and the receiving groove 35 can also be a circular shape as described above. However, in this case, the outer diameter of the pressure-isolating plate 21 and the inner diameter of the receiving groove 35 are strictly managed, and the entire side peripheral surface of the pressure-free plate 21 is brought into contact with the receiving groove 35 so that the load can be distributed over a wide area.

  FIG. 6 shows a form in which the metal fitting 11 is L-shaped and a screw nail 29 is used as a fixture. The present invention is based on the premise that the front plate 12 has some protrusion 14, but the shape of the metal fitting 11 is arbitrary, and the side plate 17 protrudes only from one end of the front plate 12 as shown in this figure. It may be a letter shape. The protrusion 14 has a structure in which a round bar is attached by welding. Therefore, the bolt 25 as shown in FIG. 1 cannot be used as a fixture, and a screw nail 29 is used instead. In order to allow the screw nails 29 to be inserted, nail holes 15 are formed in a total of four locations on the surface of the front plate 12.

  On the side surfaces of the pillars 31, holding holes 33 are processed at three locations in order to fit the protrusions 14. In addition, the pressure-isolating plates 21 are built in two vertically, and the housing grooves 35 are also arranged in two rows. On the opposite beam 41, a stepped portion 43 that accommodates the front plate 12 and a row of slits 42 into which the side plate 17 is inserted are processed. In addition, the pins for fixing the metal fitting 11 and the beam 41 use bolts 49 instead of the drift pins 46 as shown in FIG. In order to prevent this from coming off, a nut 48 is screwed onto the tip of the bolt 49, and a washer 47 is incorporated to lower the pressure around the lateral hole 44.

11 Metal plate 12 Front plate 13 Shaft hole 14 Protruding portion 15 Nail hole 17 Side plate 18 Pin groove 19 Pin hole 21 Pressure relief plate 22 Medium hole 23 Screw hole 25 Fixing tool (bolt)
26 Washer 27 Nut 28 Screw 29 Fixing tool (screw nail)
31 One material (pillar)
32 Drilling hole 33 Holding hole 34 Counterbore hole 35 Housing groove 41 The other material (beam)
42 Slit 43 Stepped portion 44 Horizontal hole 46 Pins (drift pin)
47 Washer 48 Nut 49 Pins (Bolt)

Claims (2)

A front plate (12) having a projecting portion (14) that reaches the surface of the one material (31) and fits into the holding hole (33) of the one material (31), and a slit (42 provided in the other material (41). A side plate (17) to be inserted into the bracket (11), and a metal fitting (11) comprising:
A fixture (25 or 29) for fixing the front plate (12) to the one material (31);
Pins (46 or 49) for fixing the side plate (17) to the other member (41);
With
Through the pressure-reducing plate (21) having an inner hole (22) that fits into a receiving groove (35) provided on the surface of the one material (31) and passes through the protrusion (14), the one material ( 31) The connecting structure, wherein the one material (31) and the other material (41) are joined by pressing the front plate (12) to the surface of 31). A front plate (12) having a projecting portion (14) that reaches the surface of the one material (31) and fits into the holding hole (33) of the one material (31), and a slit (42 provided in the other material (41). A side plate (17) to be inserted into the bracket (11), and a metal fitting (11) comprising:
A fixture (25 or 29) for fixing the front plate (12) to the one material (31);
Pins (46 or 49) for fixing the side plate (17) to the other member (41);
With
It is used for a connection structure for joining the one material (31) and the other material (41) by pressing the front plate (12) to the surface of the one material (31).
A pressure relief plate (21) having an inner hole (22) that fits into a receiving groove (35) provided on a surface of the one material (31) and that passes through the protrusion (14).

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