JP5350838B2 - Waste incinerator stoker furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stoker furnace for burning wastes, having a side fire grate capable of stably used for a long period by improving durability by preventing intrusion of a corrosive combustion gas to a cooling water piping section, and further preventing thinning of an upper section of the side fire grate due to burnout. <P>SOLUTION: In this stoker furnace, the side fire grate 6 is disposed between a fire-proof sidewall 4 and a body fire grate array 5, the side fire grate 6 has the shape capable of covering a cooling pipe conduit 7 arranged between the fire-proof sidewall 4 and the body fire grate array 5 from an upper part, and drawable upward, clearances permitting thermal elongation of the body fire grate 5a of the body fire grate array 5 are respectively formed between the side fire grate 6 and the fire-proof sidewall 4, and between the side fire grate 6 and the body fire grate array 5, and an upper end position of the side fire grate 6 is determined lower than a maximum movable height of the body fire grate 5a of the body fire grate array 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention is an incinerator for incinerating waste such as municipal waste, and more specifically, a main body grate array in which a number of main body grate is arranged in the furnace width direction between the refractory side walls on both sides, The present invention relates to a waste incinerator stoker furnace provided along a direction.

  In a conventional waste incinerator stoker furnace, as shown in FIG. 7, a side grate is formed such that a recess 53 is provided in the fireproof side wall 52 on both sides of the furnace body 51 and a part thereof is buried in the recess 53. (Also referred to as a furnace side wall grate) 56 is installed, and the side grate 56 is provided with a concave portion 57 inside the main body 56 a, and a cooling jacket 58 is disposed in the concave portion 57. Then, a cooling water pipe 59 is connected to the cooling jacket 58, and the cooling water is supplied and circulated into the cooling jacket 58 to cool the side grate body 56a. Further, the side grate main body 56a is pressed together with the cooling jacket 58 to the furnace main body 51 side via a spring member 55 or the like, thereby corresponding to the thermal expansion and contraction of the main body grate 60 in the furnace main body 51.

  As a prior art related to this kind of waste incinerator stoker furnace, side grate made of water-cooled hollow mold material is provided on both sides of the above-mentioned main grate train along the waste feed direction. Some type side grate has a structure in which water-cooled hollow molds are stacked in two stages. The upper hollow mold material protrudes high above the main grate string and is used in a state where it is directly exposed to the combustion gas of waste, so that it is close to the temperature of the cooling water passing through the interior of the hollow mold material. Since the temperature of the mold material is maintained, low temperature corrosion occurs due to contact with the combustion gas. As a result, the cooling water may leak out. And when water leaks, cooling water will leak on the firebed of a combustion furnace, and combustion of a waste will be prevented (for example, refer patent document 1).

JP-A-11-63460 (FIG. 1 and paragraph 0022)

  Apart from the problems with the apparatus described in the above-mentioned prior art document 1, the conventional waste incineration stoker furnace 50 shown in FIG. 7 has the following problems. That is, since the side grate 56 is arranged so as to be movable in the furnace width direction and has a structure that can be pressed against the furnace main body (inside the furnace) 51 by the spring member 55 or the like, the refractory side wall 52 and the side grate main body 56a There is a possibility that a combustion gas generated in the furnace main body 51 enters from the clearance to the water cooling jacket 58 side, and the water cooling jacket 58 and the cooling water pipe 59 are corroded by contact with the combustion gas to cause water leakage. It was.

  Conventionally, the side grate main body 56a is manufactured using a casting material or steel material as a high-grade material. However, as shown in FIG. 8, the side grate main body 56a is disposed between the upper part of the side grate main body 56a and the movable main body grate 60. Therefore, the height of the side grate body 56a is made higher than the upper surface of the main body grate (in particular, the maximum movable height of the movable main body grate). For this reason, the upper part of the side grate body 56a is burned and thinned by the combustion gas when the waste is burned, and the durability is poor.

  The present invention solves such a conventional disadvantage, prevents corrosive combustion gas from entering the cooling water piping part, and burns and thins the upper part of the side grate facing the furnace. It is an object of the present invention to provide a waste incineration stoker furnace equipped with a side grate that can prevent the occurrence of damage and improve durability and can be used stably over a long period of time.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the waste incineration stoker furnace of the present invention is provided between a fireproof side wall on both sides and a main body grate array in which a number of main body grate is arranged in the furnace width direction between these fireproof side walls. Are provided with side grate (furnace side wall grate), and the side grate is covered with a cooling pipe (cooling medium pipe) piped between the refractory side wall and the main body grate row from above. A clearance that allows thermal expansion of the main body grate of the main body grate row between the side grate and the refractory side wall and between the side grate and the main body grate row. And the upper end position of the side grate is set lower than the maximum movable height of the main body grate of the main body grate row. Here, the shape that covers and covers from above and can be drawn upward (side grate) is, for example, an inverted J shape, a lower portion or a lower end, in addition to the inverted U-shaped section or the portal form shown in the embodiments described later. The central part in the width direction of the part is open along the longitudinal direction, and includes not only a shape that covers or pulls out from directly above, but also a shape that covers or pulls out from diagonally above.

  According to the waste incinerator stoker furnace of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the structure is simplified and the side grate is simplified compared to the conventional structure in which the side grate is pressed against the furnace main body by a spring member or the like. Since the entire cooling pipe is covered by covering the cooling pipe from above, the combustion gas generated on the furnace main body side is exposed to the furnace main body along the refractory side wall. Intrusion to the side is reliably prevented, and corrosion of the cooling pipe due to low temperature contact with the combustion gas is prevented. In addition, since the height of the side grate is lowered and the upper end position is lowered, the waste thrown into the furnace body covers the upper side of the side grate and the side grate is prevented from being burned by the combustion gas. .

  According to claim 2, a side grate fixing frame is provided below the side grate along the longitudinal direction of the refractory side wall, and the side grate is placed on the fixing frame, The upper end portion in the side grate and the lower end portion of the fixing frame are connected and tightened by a plurality of connecting metal fittings arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the side grate is fixed in the furnace width direction. It is desirable to support the frame slidably.

  In this way, when each body grate is thermally expanded by heating the main body grate train in the furnace body, the side grate is the main body along with the clearance between the main body grate train and the side grate. When pushed at the end of the grate, the side grate slides against the fixing frame in the direction of thermal extension of the main unit grate, so that the thermal extension of the main unit grate is absorbed and allowed, and the side grate is damaged. Is prevented. Moreover, the cooling pipeline is covered with the side grate, the lower end side opening of the side grate is covered with the fixing frame, and no gap is generated between the lower end of the side grate and the upper end of the fixing frame. The combustion gas on the furnace body side is less likely to enter the side grate.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the side grate can be smoothly slid by applying a material having high lubricity to the sliding surfaces of the fixing frame and the side grate. .

  In this way, even if the main grate hits the side grate due to thermal extension, the side grate slides smoothly even when the side grate needs to slide further due to thermal extension. become able to.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the clearance has a size capable of absorbing thermal expansion in the furnace width direction of each main body grate constituting the main body grate array.

  If it does in this way, thermal expansion of each main body grate of a main body grate row can be absorbed only by clearance.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, it is desirable that a heat-resistant sealing material having elasticity to block the clearance is interposed between the side grate and the refractory side wall.

  In this way, the combustion air introduced into the furnace body from below the furnace body is prevented from being ejected from the gap between the side grate and the refractory side wall by the heat-resistant sealing material, and waste The ash from incineration is prevented from falling downward, and burning of the side grate is prevented.

  As described in claim 6, from the upper end of the main unit grate at the end of the main unit grate row in contact with the outer vertical surface of the side grate, the plate member is perpendicular to the main unit grate edge and vertically downward It is desirable to provide them integrally.

  In this way, the main body grate that has been lifted above the side grate by the movement of the main grate has bitten the dust, but the malfunction has occurred. Since the plate member that slides along the vertical surface of the grate prevents the biting of dust, malfunction does not occur. As a result, the upper end position of the side grate can be greatly lowered, and burning of the upper part of the side grate can be prevented.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, cooling water or other cooling liquid can be circulated through the cooling pipe line, and the temperature of the side grate can be controlled by changing the circulation amount of the cooling liquid.

  If it does in this way, the temperature of a side grate can be controlled by adjusting the quantity of the cooling fluid which distribute | circulates the inside of a cooling pipe line.

  As described in claim 8, air or other cooling gas may be allowed to flow through the cooling pipe line when the cooling water or other cooling liquid cannot flow.

  In this way, even if the supply of the coolant is stopped, the side grate cooling operation can be continued by circulating a gas such as air in the cooling pipe.

  As described above, the waste incineration stoker furnace according to the present invention has the following excellent effects.

  ・ Since the height of the side grate was lowered and the side grate was cooled with a built-in cooling pipe, the top of the side grate was covered with waste, preventing burning by direct contact with combustion gas Life is greatly extended.

  -By applying a highly lubricious material between the side grate and the fixing frame, the side grate slides smoothly corresponding to the expansion and contraction of the main body grate due to heat.

  ・ Since the side grate is installed along the refractory side wall and exposed to the furnace body side, installation becomes easy, and maintenance such as parts replacement, inspection, and maintenance is improved.

  ・ Since the side grate was placed on the fixing frame and connected by connecting fittings to support the side grate so that it could slide in the furnace width direction, the side grate could be lifted upwards and removed to check the cooling pipe In addition, it is possible to prevent damage to the side grate even if the end of the main body grate contacts the side grate when the main body grate is thermally extended. In addition, the cooling pipe can be stored in the fixed frame, and sufficient strength can be maintained even if a stress occurs in the cooling pipe.

  -Since the plate member is integrally provided at a right angle and downward from the upper end of the main unit grate at the end of the main unit grate row, it is prevented from biting dust when the main unit grate is movable, and the movable main unit grate does not operate properly. There is no waking.

  -By embedding a mortar or other fastening agent with excellent thermal conductivity and high adhesive capacity around the cooling pipe line in the side grate, the thermal conductivity increases, the cooling efficiency for the side grate improves, and the combustion gas Is prevented from entering the periphery of the cooling pipe, and the contact of the combustion gas to the cooling pipe is prevented.

It is sectional drawing which shows the Example of the stoker furnace for waste incineration of this invention, and the furnace main body near the fireproof side wall and the fireproof side wall is represented with the side grate. It is the side view which looked at the side grate from the inside of a furnace body, (a) shows the side grate where the upper surface is a series horizontally, and (b) shows the step type side grate. It is sectional drawing which shows the main body grate and side grate of the main body grate row | line | column end which moves. It is sectional drawing which shows the stoker furnace for waste incineration based on the other Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows an example of the installation state of the side grate 6 in detail. It is a side view which shows roughly the whole structure of the frame for fixation. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the side grate in the conventional stoker furnace for waste incineration. It is the side view which looked at the conventional side grate (main body) from the inside of a furnace main body.

  Embodiments of the waste incineration stoker furnace according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings showing the embodiments.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the waste incineration stoker furnace 1 according to the present embodiment, the conventional waste incineration stoker furnace 50 shown in FIG. It consists of walls. That is, the side walls on both sides in contact with the furnace body 3 are entirely configured as the refractory side walls 4. A side grate 6 serving as a side wall-side grate is disposed between the grate row (hereinafter also referred to as a main body grate row) 5 on the furnace body 3 side and the refractory side wall 4 with a clearance provided on both sides. Yes. Further, the side grate 6 has a cross-sectional gate shape (including an inverted U-shaped cross section) having an open lower end, and a cooling water pipe 7 serving as a cooling pipe line provided between the main grate row 5 and the refractory side wall 4 is disposed upward. It covers and covers.

  The side grate 6 is usually formed of a casting, but has a lower height than the conventional side grate main body 56a (FIG. 7). In this example, as shown in FIG. They are the same height or slightly higher than the main body grate 5a. Further, the upper surface of the side grate 6 is formed in a stepped manner corresponding to the upper surface of the main body grate row 5 provided stepwise along the waste feed direction as shown in FIG. 2 (b). Is preferred. However, since the cooling water pipe 7 is passed through the side grate 6 or the cooling water pipe 7 is covered with the cooling water pipe 7 from above, it is necessary to make a cross-sectional gate shape, so that the structure becomes complicated and manufacturing becomes difficult. As shown in FIG. 2A, the upper surface of the side grate 6 may be a straight flat surface along the waste feed direction. In the side grate 6 shown in FIG. 2 (a), the portion protruding from the upper surface of the main grate row end 5 is increased as compared with the stepped type of FIG. 2 (b). However, as compared with the conventional side grate body 56a (FIG. 7), the portion that is easily burned out is greatly reduced, and the structure is simplified, so that the manufacture is facilitated.

  Further, the main body grate 5a at the end of the main body grate row 5 has a plate member 5b perpendicular to the end of the main body grate 5a and parallel to the vertical side surface of the side grate 6 as shown in FIG. It extends downward in the vertical direction. The plate member 5b is integrally formed by casting using, for example, a mold or the like. By providing the plate member 5b, dust is not caught when the main body grate 5a is movable. Therefore, the upper end position of the side grate 6 can be set to a position lower than the maximum movable height of the main body grate 5a. Of course, the upper end position of the side grate 6 is made slightly higher than the height when the main body grate 5a is not movable, or is equal to the height when the main body grate 5a is not movable.

  By the way, the main body grate includes a fixed grate which is fixed at a fixed position and cannot be moved, and a movable grate in which a tip portion of the grate slides upward and forward. The tip of the movable grate slides upward and forward, so that waste (trash) thrown into the furnace body 3 is sent forward. Depending on the form of the stoker furnace, for example, a fixed grate array in which a plurality of fixed grates are arranged without gaps and a movable grate series in which a plurality of movable grates are arranged without gaps are provided between the side walls on both sides. Feeding waste with a structure that is alternately provided in the width direction, a fixed grate array with a large number of fixed grate arrays arranged without gaps, and a movable grate array with a large number of movable grate arrays arranged without gaps Although there exists a thing of the structure provided alternately stepwise along the direction, the stoker furnace 1 of this invention is not limited to the form of such a furnace.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a waste incineration stoker furnace according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the clearances (t ₁ + t ₂ ) on both sides of the side grate 6 are It takes so that the thermal expansion amount of each main body grate 5a of the main body grate row | line | column 5 can fully be absorbed. Further, the clearance on both sides is larger than the clearance t ₂ between the side grate 6 and the main grate row 5 end, and the clearance t ₁ with the refractory side wall 4 is made larger, so that the fire resistant sealing material (for example, ceramic fiber) having elasticity is provided. ) 8 is interposed between both in a compressed state. For this reason, although the clearance is large, the gap portion is sealed with the refractory sealing material 8, so that the ash produced by the combustion of the waste falls or the combustion air introduced into the furnace from below the furnace body 3 Does not erupt. On the other hand, when the main body grate 5a is heated during waste combustion and the end of the main body grate 5a hits the side grate 6 due to thermal expansion and presses the side grate 6 toward the refractory side wall 4, the refractory sealant 8 is compressed. The side grate 6 is allowed to move. Further, the clearance t ₂ between the side grate 6 and the end of the main unit grate row 5 is reduced or disappears immediately after the start of the operation of the stoker furnace 1 due to the thermal expansion of the main unit grate 5a. Do not spray into the furnace.

  FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing an example of the installation state of the side grate 6 in detail, and FIG. 6 is a side view schematically showing the entire structure of the fixing frame, as shown in FIG. 5, along the waste feed direction. A steel fixing frame 9 is installed in parallel with the lower part of the refractory side wall 3. The upper end of the fixing frame 9 is inclined or horizontal downward from the front end to the rear end along the waste feed direction. Further, the front end portion and the rear end portion of the fixing frame 9 are respectively extended downward, and the water supply pipe 7a and the drain pipe 7b of the cooling water pipe 7 are piped through the extension portions 9a and 9b, and the side fire The cooling water pipe 7 in the lattice 6 is connected.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the side grate 6 is placed on the fixing frame 9, and the lower end of the fixing frame 9 is placed in a state where the upper end of the connection fitting 10 is hooked on the engaging portion 6 b in the side grate 6. The bottom plate 11 that closes the opening 9c is penetrated to project the lower end screw portion 10a of the coupling fitting 10 downward, and the nut 12 is screwed and tightened to tighten (tighten). As shown in FIG. 6, the connecting fittings 10 are arranged at regular intervals along the longitudinal direction of the side grate 6.

  Moreover, the cooling water pipe 7 is piped along the longitudinal direction of the upper end part in the side grate 6 as shown in FIGS. The cooling water pipe 7 includes a steel pipe that is resistant to corrosion due to contact with combustion gas and the like, including the water supply pipe 7a and the drain pipe 7b. Further, it is desirable to apply a corrosion-preventing paint to the surfaces of the cooling water pipe 7, the water supply pipe 7a and the drain pipe 7b. Furthermore, the thermal conductivity with the side grate 6 can be increased by stuffing the mortar 13 having excellent thermal conductivity and high adhesive ability into the gap between the side grate 6 and the side grate 5a around the cooling water pipe 7. If the combustion gas enters the side grate 6, the mortar 13 prevents contact with the cooling water pipe 7.

  Although the embodiment of the waste incineration stoker furnace according to the present invention has been described above, it can be carried out as follows.

  The temperature of the side grate 6 can be controlled by adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water or other cooling liquid flowing through the cooling water pipe 7 with a flow rate adjusting valve or the like. In this case, the temperature of the side grate 6 may be measured by a sensor, and the flow rate may be adjusted by an electromagnetic on-off valve or the like that can be automatically adjusted according to the measured temperature.

  -A fin can be attached to the cooling water pipe 7 piped in the side grate 6, and cooling efficiency can be improved.

  ・ Connect a cooling gas supply pipe for supplying air or other cooling gas to the cooling water pipe 7 via a switching valve. When the supply of cooling water or other cooling liquid is stopped, the cooling gas is switched by the switching valve. It may be possible to supply.

  The present invention can be used as a side grate (furnace side wall grate) installed on both sides of a furnace body in various waste incinerators such as a waste incinerator stoker furnace.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Stoker furnace for incineration 2 Refractory 3 Furnace body 4 Refractory side wall 5 Main body grate row 5a Main body grate 5b Plate member 6 Side grate (side wall side grate)
6b Locking part 7 Cooling water pipe (cooling pipe)
7a Water supply pipe 7b Drain pipe 8 Fireproof sealant 9 Fixing frame 9a / 9b extension part 9c Lower end opening 10 Connecting bracket 10a Lower end screw part 11 Bottom plate 12 Nut 13 Mortar

Claims (8)

A side grate is provided between each of the refractory side walls and a main body grate row in which a large number of main grate is arranged in the furnace width direction between these refractory side walls,
The side grate has a shape that covers and covers the cooling pipe piped between the refractory side wall and the main body grate row from above, and can be drawn upward.
Clearance that allows thermal expansion of the main body grate of the main body grate row is provided between the side grate and the refractory sidewall and between the side grate and the main body grate row, respectively.
A waste incinerator stoker furnace, wherein an upper end position of the side grate is set lower than a maximum movable height of a main grate in the main grate array.   A side grate fixing frame is provided below the side grate along the longitudinal direction of the refractory side wall, the side grate is placed on the fixing frame, and an upper end portion in the side grate and the side grate The lower end of the fixing frame is connected and tightened by a plurality of connecting metal fittings arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the side grate is slidably supported with respect to the fixing frame in the furnace width direction. The stoker furnace for incineration of waste according to claim 1.   The disposal according to claim 2, wherein the side grate can be smoothly slid by applying a material having high lubricity to sliding surfaces of the fixing frame and the side grate. A stoker furnace for incineration.   The waste incinerator stoker furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the clearance has a size capable of absorbing thermal expansion in the furnace width direction of the main body grate of the main body grate array. .   The waste incinerator stalker according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a heat-resistant sealing material having elasticity that closes the clearance is interposed between the side grate and the refractory side wall. Furnace.   From the upper end of the main body grate at the end of the main body grate row in contact with the outer vertical surface of the side grate, a plate member is integrally provided perpendicular to the main body grate edge and vertically downward A stoker furnace for incineration of waste according to any one of claims 1 to 5.   The cooling water or other cooling liquid is circulated through the cooling pipe, and the temperature of the side grate is controlled by changing the circulation amount of the cooling liquid. A stoker furnace for incineration of waste according to any one of the above.   8. The waste incinerator stoker furnace according to claim 7, wherein air or other cooling gas is allowed to flow through the cooling pipe when the cooling water or other cooling liquid cannot flow.

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