JP5329292B2 - Undulating gate breakwater - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a undulating gate type breakwater that is installed in a harbor as a countermeasure against tsunami and storm surge, for example, and particularly relates to a undulating gate type breakwater that is intended to improve stability against high waves such as typhoons in a foundation for storing door bodies. is there.

  As a conventional undulating gate type breakwater, there is one that undulates a door body by buoyancy (for example, Patent Document 1). This undulating gate type breakwater raises the door body by discharging seawater in the air chamber while supplying air to the air chamber of the door body.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the foundation portion of the undulating gate type breakwater proposed in Patent Document 1 is laid with a foundation 3 on the ground 2 prepared by rubble 1a, and the periphery of the foundation 3 is covered with rubble 1b. The door body 4 was installed on this foundation 3 with the structure to do.

  In such a undulating gate type breakwater, when the door body 4 is lifted, the cross-sectional shape is L-shaped as shown in FIG. It can be used as a load (open arrow) that acts on the water and is more stable than normal during tsunamis and storm surges.

  However, when an impact load is applied in a direction (the direction indicated by the white arrow in FIG. 14) that causes the door body 4 to fall due to a high wave such as a tsunami or a typhoon, it is indicated by a solid arrow in FIG. In some cases, the 3 parts of the foundation were lifted in the direction.

  As a countermeasure, a method of improving the stability of the foundation by hitting a pile on the ground can be considered, but such a method significantly increases the cost.

JP 2003-227125 A

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is that, in the conventional foundation structure of the undulating gate type breakwater, the foundation part may be lifted when an impact load acts in the direction of overturning the door body part. It is.

The relief gate breakwater of the present invention is
In order to prevent the foundation from lifting even when an impact load is applied in the direction of overturning the door body,
It is a undulating gate type breakwater where the door body rises,
On the foundation, a door body that moves up and down with the rotation axis on the base end side as a fulcrum,
It is configured to bend at an intermediate connecting portion, one end is on the top side of the door body, and the other end is at a position on the foundation that is a predetermined distance away from the rotating shaft on the side on which the door body falls. , Each has a tension rod pivotally supported,
further,
1) a room provided in the base so that water can enter and exit;
A central part is pivotally supported in an opening provided in a part of the room away from the communication part through which the water enters and exits, and one outer peripheral end part is connected to the other end part of the tension rod, or By connecting with one outer peripheral end portion from the connecting portion of the tension rod through a connecting member, the door body is retreated into the room immediately before the door body is lifted, and protrudes from the room when the door body is lifted. Having a fan-shaped weight configured as follows,
Or
2) a room provided at the base near the other end of the tension rod so that water can enter and exit;
It is equipped with a piston-type weight that can move freely in this room,
By pivotally supporting the tip of the rod connected to the weight with the other end of the tension rod, the rod is retracted into the room immediately before the door body is lifted, and the door body is lifted. The most important feature is that the rod protrudes from the room when completed.

  The undulating gate type breakwater according to the present invention has a structure in which the weight or rod comes out of the room provided at the foundation when the door body is lifted, and the volume of the room increases, so that the water in the room expands and the water pressure decreases simultaneously. Downward water pressure acts from the outside of the port to hold the foundation and prevent the foundation from lifting.

  In the present invention, when the lifting of the door body is completed, the weight or rod comes out from the room provided in the foundation, so that the water in the room expands due to the increase in the volume of the room and the water pressure decreases at the same time. The foundation is pressed down by the downward water pressure from the outside to prevent the foundation from being lifted.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic block diagram of the undulating gate type breakwater of 1st this invention, (a) is a figure just before surfacing, (b) is a figure at the time of completion of surfacing. It is a top view of the undulating gate type breakwater of the present invention shown in FIG. It is a schematic side view which shows the engagement state of the gate mooring part and hook of the undulating gate type breakwater of this invention, (a) The figure at the time of falling, (b) is a figure just before falling down. It is a figure explaining the load which presses down a foundation downward in the undulation gate type breakwater of the present invention shown in FIG. (A) is the figure when the clearance gap generate | occur | produces in the opening part of the room provided in the foundation in the undulation gate type breakwater of this invention shown in FIG. 1, (b) and (c) provide a protrusion and generate | occur | produce a clearance gap. It is a figure explaining the example to prevent. In the undulating gate type breakwater of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, it is a diagram for explaining the process of the pressure increase in the room, (a) is a diagram of the floating state, (c) is a diagram of the state where the weight has returned to the original position It is. In the undulating gate type breakwater of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, it is a diagram illustrating an on-off valve for releasing a pressure difference when the pressure on the lower side of the foundation rises. It is the schematic of the undulation gate type breakwater of 2nd this invention, (a) is a figure just before surfacing, (b) is a figure at the time of completion of ascent. It is the schematic of the on-off valve provided in the undulating gate type breakwater of 2nd this invention, (a) is a figure when providing in a foundation, (b) is a figure when providing in a room. (A) is a schematic diagram of the undulating gate type breakwater of the third aspect of the present invention, (b) is an enlarged view of a main part immediately before the door body is lifted, and (c) is an enlarged view of the main part when the door body is lifted. It is the schematic of the on-off valve provided in the undulation gate type breakwater of 3rd this invention, (a) is a figure when providing in a foundation, (b) is a figure when providing in a room. It is the figure which showed the structure of the foundation part of the undulating gate type breakwater proposed by patent document 1. FIG. In the case of the foundation part structure shown in FIG. 12, it is the figure which showed that stability improved by the water level of a port outer side rising. In the case of the foundation part structure shown in FIG. 12, it is the figure which showed that the stability of a foundation part fell by the impact load by a high wave.

  In the present invention, even when an impact load is applied in the direction of overturning the door body part, the purpose of preventing the base part from lifting is to reduce the weight or This was achieved by increasing the volume of the room with the rod coming out.

The best mode as well as various modes for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the undulating gate type breakwater according to the first aspect of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a relationship between a gate mooring portion and a hook of the undulating gate type breakwater according to the first aspect of the present invention. It is a schematic side view which shows a combined state.

  1 and 2, 11 is a undulating gate breakwater. For example, a door body 12 and a plurality of door bodies 12 provided outside the harbor R so that the door body 12 does not fall down when the door body 12 floats. The tension rod 13 is provided.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the door body 12 includes a plurality of sets of door body blocks B arranged in the width direction, and the adjacent door body blocks B are connected by a rope. The door body 12 pivotally supports the rotating shaft 12a by pivotally supporting the rotating shaft 12a on the base end side, for example, on a base 14a of a storage portion 14 provided at the bottom of the harbor R by a bearing 15. As shown, the door body 12 undulates.

  Further, the tension rod 13 is formed to be bent in two at an intermediate connecting portion 13a, for example. The one end portion 13b located on the upper end side when the door body 12 is lifted is on the top side of the door body 12, and the other end portion 13c located on the lower end side when the door body 12 is lifted is the side on which the door body 12 falls. Each is pivotally supported at a position separated from the rotation shaft 12a by a predetermined distance so as to be freely rotatable.

  For example, an air chamber 12b is provided on the top side of the door body 12, and is supplied to the air chamber 12b by a receiver tank 16a and a compressor 16b, which are air supply devices 16, so that the door body 12 is required to float. It is configured to obtain buoyancy. Reference numeral 16c denotes an air supply pipe.

  Further, a gate mooring portion 17 provided with a through hole portion 17a is attached to the back surface 12c of the door body 12. This gate mooring part 17 does not necessarily need to be attached to all door block B.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, a turning pulley 18 is installed in a portion of the storage unit 14 that stores the door body 12 in water, facing the rear surface 12 c of the door body 12 in the stored state.

  In addition, a hook 19 is installed at a position facing the gate mooring portion 17 attached to the back surface of the door body 12 in the storage portion 14. The hook 19 has a pivot fulcrum 19a at the center, two claw-like projections 19b and 19c that engage with the gate anchoring portion 17 on the upper side, and a weight 19d on the lower side. Although not shown, the turning pulleys 18 and the rotation fulcrums 19a of the hooks 19 are supported by attachment members provided in the storage portion so as to be freely rotatable.

  Then, the other end side of the mooring rope 20 having one end side attached to the weight 19 d on the lower side of the hook 19 is pulled out onto the water surface via the turning pulley 18 and fixed by the fixing device 21.

  In the example of FIGS. 1 to 3, a stopper device 22 that supports the door body 12 is provided when the door body 12 in a floating state falls down to a predetermined angle at the time of pulling. The stopper device 22 is pivotally supported on the proximal end side so as to be rotatable slightly on the side of the rotating shaft 12a of the door body 12 from the other end portion 13c of the tension rod 13, and the distal end side is supported by its own buoyancy around the proximal end. It has a support rod 22a that swings upright.

  When the support rod 22a rises to the position positioned by the guide 22b and rises, the base end of the fixed rod 22c whose tip is pivotally supported in the middle of the support rod 22a is lifted to the position of the support rod 22a. Move to the proximal side.

  When the support rod 22a rises to the positioning position by the guide 22b, the base end of the fixed rod 22c engages with the fixed hook 22d that falls from the standing state together with the rise of the support rod 22a, so that the support rod 22a falls. To prevent.

  The fixed hook 22d is erected to release the engagement of the base end of the fixed rod 22c when the support rod 22a is lying down. This standing hook and descent action of the fixed hook 22d is, for example, a moving pulley in which one end side is fixed to the support rod 22a and the other end of the mooring rope 23a having the intermediate portion wound around the base end side of the fixed hook 22d is fixed. The wound mooring rope 23b is fed out and wound up by the winch 24 following the undulation operation of the support rod 22a.

  In the present invention, a base 14a for mounting the undulating gate type breakwater 11 having the above-described structure, that is, a base 14a, is provided with a room 14ab capable of entering and exiting water through a communication portion 14aa communicating with a rubble 1a region below the base 14a. ing.

  For example, in the undulating gate type breakwater 11 of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, the room 14ab is provided in the vicinity of the other end 13c of the tension rod 13 of the base 14a. And the opening part 14ac is provided in the part away from the said communication part 14aa of this room 14ab.

  A fan-shaped weight 25 is pivotally supported in the opening 14ac of the room 14ab so that the opening 14ac can freely rotate with the center 25a as a fulcrum, thereby closing the opening 14ac of the room 14ab. Then, one outer peripheral end portion 25b of the fan-shaped weight 25 protruding outward from the room 14ab is connected to the other end portion 13c of the tension rod 13 so as to be freely rotatable.

  By adopting such a configuration, the pressure drop accompanying the increase in the volume of the room 14ab (see FIG. 1) that occurs when the weight 25 in the room 14ab protrudes from the room 14ab as the door 12 floats, Propagating to the rubble 1a region below 14a, a pressure difference is generated above and below the base 14a.

  Due to this pressure difference, when the rising of the door body 12 is completed, as shown in FIG. 4, a force in the direction of pressing the base 14a downward is generated, and the stability of the base 14a is increased. .

  In the present invention, it goes without saying that a fan shape is formed at the central angle such that there is no gap in the opening 14ac of the room 14ab even when the rotation of the weight 25 becomes maximum as the door body 12 floats. It is. As shown in FIG. 5 (a), if a large gap is formed in the opening 14ac of the room 14ab, water existing above the base 14a communicates with the ground 2 through the room 14ab, resulting in poor stability. It is.

  However, when it is difficult to make such a fan shape by design, the protrusion 25b is provided in the vicinity of the rotation position of the weight 25 as shown in FIGS. Even when the maximum value is reached, it is sufficient that no gap is formed in the opening 14ac of the room 14ab.

  In the present invention having the above-described configuration, when the door body 12 stands up, the base 14a is effectively prevented from being lifted even when an impact load caused by a high wave such as a typhoon acts in a direction to cause the door body 12 to fall. can do.

  However, when the weight 25 drawn from the room 14ab returns to its original position due to the fall of the door body 12 (retreats into the room 14ab), the water present in the room 14ab is compressed. . At this time, the pressure in the room 14ab rises, and the phenomenon that the pressure on the lower side of the base 14a becomes higher than that on the upper side due to the effect opposite to the above-described phenomenon and the stability is lowered may occur (FIG. 6).

  In order to prevent the occurrence of such a state, an on-off valve 14c for opening the pressure difference only when the pressure on the lower side of the base 14a is higher than that on the upper side is shown in FIG. In addition, it may be provided in the room 14ab. Although not shown, the opening / closing valve 14c may be provided on the base 14a.

  The on-off valve 14c is not mechanically controlled, and is opened and closed by a natural force. When a pressure difference occurs, the on-off valve 14c is naturally opened only in one direction due to the pressure difference. A plurality of the on-off valves 14c are provided at equal intervals in the width direction of the door body 12, for example, 1 to 2 at 10 m.

  In addition, the undulating gate type breakwater 11 of the present invention having the above-described structure prevents the tsunami from entering the harbor R of the port R by performing the following operation, for example, when an earthquake occurs and a tsunami warning is issued. To prevent.

[At storage (mooring)]
In the state where the door body 12 is landed at the storage position of the storage portion 14, as shown in FIG. 3A, the upper claw-like protrusion 19 b is engaged with the through-hole portion 17 a of the gate mooring portion 17. Yes. In order to enable the levitation in a short time, air is supplied to the air chamber 12b of the door body 12 in this state until the buoyancy necessary for the levitation of the door body 12 is obtained. The supply of compressed air to the air chamber 12b is performed through an air supply pipe 16c arranged so that the air supply port comes directly under the opening of the air chamber 12b, for example.

  Further, a tension is applied to the mooring rope 20 so that the engaged state is not released, and a rotational force is applied in a direction in which the claw-shaped protrusion 19b engages with the through-hole portion 17a. At this time, if the distance b from the rotation fulcrum 19a to the support point of the mooring rope 20 is made longer than the distance a from the rotation fulcrum 19a of the hook 19 to the mooring support point of the door body 12, the mooring rope 20 It is possible to reduce the tension acting on the. By reducing the tension, the mooring rope 20 and the turning pulley 18 to be used can be reduced in diameter.

  At this time, if a load cell for measuring the tension acting on the mooring rope 20 is further provided, and the tension is regularly measured, the air supply to the air chamber 12b is adjusted so that the measured tension is constant. It is possible to maintain a state in which the preparation for raising the door body 12 is completed. At this time, if the tension of the mooring rope 20 is not recovered by air replenishment alone, maintenance such as levitation operation or dredging is performed.

  When the stopper device 22 shown in FIG. 1 is provided, the support rod 22a is pressed down by the door body 12, and in this state, the brake of the winch 24 that winds and feeds the mooring rope 23b is applied. Open.

  When the stopper device 22 is provided, the inclination of the support rod 22a is confirmed, and the operation of the stopper device 22 is confirmed using the space on the back surface side of the door body 12 at the time of confirmation.

[When the door 12 is raised (standing)]
For example, when a tsunami warning is issued due to the occurrence of an earthquake and a levitation command is issued, the fixing device 21 is loosened to release the tension of the mooring rope 20. By releasing the tension, the hook 19 is rotated by the gravity of the weight 19d, and the engagement of the upper claw-shaped protrusion 19b with the through-hole portion 17a is released. When the engagement of the upper claw-like projection 19b with the through-hole portion 17a is released, the door body 12 rises to the normal water level due to the buoyancy of the air chamber 12b by the compressed air supplied in advance. As the door body 12 floats, the weight 25 in the room 14ab protrudes from the room 14ab.

  In addition, when the stopper apparatus 22 shown in FIG. 1 is provided, the mooring rope 23b is drawn out in conjunction with the rising of the door body 12, and the support rod 22a is lifted. The support rod 22a that has floated is positioned by the guide 22b and is prevented from falling by the fixing hook 22d.

  When the tsunami comes from the outside of the port R, the door body 12 that has floated to the normal water level due to the buoyancy, as shown in FIG. And preventing the tsunami from entering the harbor R. Moreover, the base 14a is prevented from being lifted even when a shocking load due to a high wave such as a typhoon acts in a direction in which the door body 12 is toppled. When the door body 12 stands up and a shock load caused by a high wave such as a typhoon acts in a direction to cause the door body 12 to fall down, even if the rotation of the weight 25 is maximized, a gap is left in the opening 14ac of the room 14ab. Since it is made impossible, the base 14a does not float up.

  On the other hand, even if the door body 12 tries to fall down due to a pulling wave, when the stopper device 22 shown in FIG. 1 is provided, when the door body 12 falls down to a predetermined angle, it is supported by the support rod 22a.

[When the door 12 is laid down]
An exhaust valve (not shown) provided at the upper end of the door body 12 is opened, and while the air in the air chamber 12b is exhausted, seawater is put into the air chamber 12b and the door body 12 is laid down. When the stopper device 22 shown in FIG. 1 is provided, the winch 24 is operated in conjunction with the fall of the door body 12 to wind the mooring rope 23b, and the support rod 22a is lowered.

  Due to the fall of the door body 12, the lower end of the gate anchoring portion 17 pushes the lower claw-like protrusion 19 c to rotate the hook 19 as shown in FIG. 3B, and the upper claw-like protrusion 19 b of the gate anchoring portion 17 It is made to engage with the through-hole part 17a (state of Fig.3 (a)).

  Thereafter, tension is applied to the mooring rope 20 to drain the seawater in the air chamber 12b, and then the exhaust valve is closed. Subsequently, air is supplied to the air chamber 12b through the air supply pipe and the air supply port, and the door body 12 is maintained in the lying state. After the work is completed, the process returns to the work at the time of storing.

  As described above, in the undulating gate type breakwater 11 of the present invention, the door body 12 can be lifted simply by releasing the engagement of the hook 19 engaged with the gate mooring portion 17. 12 can be levitated in a short time.

  When the door body 12 is lifted, a force in the direction of pressing the base 14a downward from the top is generated even when a shocking load due to a high wave such as a typhoon acts in the direction of overturning the door body 12. The base 14a can be prevented from floating.

  The present invention is not limited to the above examples, and it goes without saying that the embodiments may be changed as appropriate within the scope of the technical idea described in each claim.

  For example, the installation position of the room 14ab may not be near the other end 13c of the tension rod 13. As shown in FIG. 8, the chamber 14 ab may be provided at an intermediate portion between the other end 13 c of the tension rod 13 and the rotating shaft 12 a of the door body 12. In this case, one outer peripheral end 25b of the fan-shaped weight 25 is connected to the connecting portion 13a of the tension rod 13 by a wire rope 26 (or chain).

  The wire rope 26 (or chain) starts to lift the weight 25 immediately before the door body 12 is lifted (FIG. 8A), and when the door body 12 has been lifted (FIG. 8B), the weight 25 is completely lifted. It should be long enough to lift.

  Also in the case shown in FIG. 8, the pressure on the lower side of the base 14a can be lowered by lifting the weight 25, and a downward load acts on the base 14a to stabilize the base 14a. Also in this case, when the weight 25 enters the room 14ab with the fall of the door body 12, the pressure on the lower side of the base 14a increases. Therefore, an on-off valve 14c for releasing the increased pressure may be provided. desirable. The on-off valve 14c may be provided on the base 14a as shown in FIG. 9A, or may be provided in the room 14ab as shown in FIG. 9B.

  Further, instead of the fan-shaped weight 25, a piston-shaped weight 27 as shown in FIG. 10 may be provided. In this case, the weight 27 is movably housed in a chamber 14ab provided in the base 14a near the other end 13c of the tension rod 13, and the tip of the rod 27a connected to the weight 27 is attached to the tension rod 13. The other end portion 13c is pivotally supported.

  By doing in this way, when the rod 27a has retreated into the room from just before the door body 12 is lifted (FIG. 10B) to when the door body 12 has been lifted (FIG. 10A). The rod 27a protrudes from the chamber 14ab. As the rod 27a protrudes, the weight 27 moves in the chamber 14ab in the direction in which the rod 27a protrudes (FIG. 10 (c)), the pressure in the chamber 14ab decreases, and the pressure below the base 14a decreases. Reduce. Therefore, a downward load acts on the base 14a, and the base 14a can be stabilized.

  By the way, if the weight 27 does not move smoothly in the room 14ab in the direction in which the rod 27a retracts when the door body 12 is lying down, the room 14ab may be damaged. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a spring 28 on the rod 27a side of the weight 27 in the room 14ab so that the weight 27 can smoothly move in the room 14ab as the door body 12 falls down. However, it goes without saying that the spring 28 need not be provided when the weight 27 returns to its original position.

  Even when the piston-shaped weight 27 is provided, the pressure on the lower side of the base 14a rises when the rod 27a retracts into the chamber 14ab as the door body 12 falls down, so that FIG. As shown in b), it is desirable to provide an opening / closing valve 14c for releasing the increased pressure in the base 14a or the room 14ab.

  The present invention can be installed not only in harbors as a countermeasure against high waves, but also in rivers. In rivers and ports where ships navigate, it is also possible to provide a pit to prevent the water depth from becoming shallow and to place a base in this pit.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Undulating gate type breakwater 12 Door body 12a Rotating shaft 14a Base 14aa Communication part 14ab Room 14ac Opening part 14c On-off valve 15 Bearing 25 Fan-shaped weight 25a Center part 25b One outer peripheral end 27 Piston-shaped weight 27a Rod 28 Spring

Claims (8)

It is a undulating gate type breakwater where the door body rises,
On the foundation, a door body that moves up and down with the rotation axis on the base end side as a fulcrum,
It is configured to bend at an intermediate connecting portion, one end is on the top side of the door body, and the other end is at a position on the foundation that is a predetermined distance away from the rotating shaft on the side on which the door body falls. A tension rod pivotally supported by each, and
A room provided in the base so that water can enter and exit;
A central part is pivotally supported in an opening provided in a part of the room away from the communication part through which the water enters and exits, and one outer peripheral end part is connected to the other end part of the tension rod, or By connecting with one outer peripheral end portion from the connecting portion of the tension rod through a connecting member, the door body is retreated into the room immediately before the door body is lifted, and protrudes from the room when the door body is lifted. A fan-shaped weight configured as follows,
A undulating gate type breakwater characterized by having.   The undulating gate type breakwater according to claim 1, wherein the room is provided outside the harbor.   The undulating gate type breakwater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the chamber is provided at the other end of the tension rod, and one outer peripheral end of the fan-shaped weight and the other end of the tension rod are pivotally supported. .   The room is provided at the other end of the tension rod and an intermediate portion of the rotation shaft of the door body, and one outer peripheral end of the sector weight and the connecting portion of the tension rod are connected by a connecting member. The undulating gate breakwater according to 1 or 2. It is a undulating gate type breakwater where the door body rises,
On the foundation, a door body that moves up and down with the rotation axis on the base end side as a fulcrum,
It is configured to bend at an intermediate connecting portion, one end is on the top side of the door body, and the other end is at a position on the foundation that is a predetermined distance away from the rotating shaft on the side on which the door body falls. A tension rod pivotally supported by each, and
A room provided at the base near the other end of the tension rod so that water can enter and exit;
A piston-shaped weight provided movably in the room, and
By pivotally supporting the tip of the rod connected to the weight with the other end of the tension rod, the rod is retracted into the room immediately before the door body is lifted, and the door body is lifted. A undulating gate type breakwater characterized in that the rod protrudes from the room when completed.   6. The undulating gate breakwater according to claim 5, wherein a spring is provided on the rod side of the weight in the room.   The undulating gate breakwater according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an opening / closing valve is provided on the foundation.   The undulating gate type breakwater according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an opening / closing valve is provided in the room.

Images