JP5311887B2 - Scanning display device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a scanning display device that scans a light beam from a light source and guides it to an eye of an observer.

  Some scanning display devices are mounted on an observer's head and form an image directly on the retina of the observer's eye by scanning a light beam from a light source in a two-dimensional direction with a scanning unit. In such a head-mounted scanning display device, when the observer rotates the eyeball and the pupil moves, the emitted light beam from the device is detached from the pupil and the image is missing or cannot be observed. There is a need to prevent. For this reason, the eyepiece optical system is designed to have an exit pupil diameter larger than the pupil diameter. In addition, in a scanning display device in which the exit pupil diameter tends to be small in principle, a method of using an optical element such as a lens array or a diffusion plate and enlarging the spread angle of a light beam transmitted through the optical element is also employed (Patent Document). 1).

  However, when the exit pupil diameter is increased, the light that is actually incident on the pupil of the observer is reduced, and as a result, the observed image becomes dark. In addition, observers such as myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism have difficulty in observing images with the naked eye, and are required to wear glasses and contact lenses.

  Further, when a diffusion plate is arranged on the intermediate image plane as in the display device disclosed in Patent Document 1, there is a possibility that the pattern of the diffusion plate overlaps the display image and is observed.

  On the other hand, there is a display device in which an exit pupil diameter is set small and an image is observed by Maxwell's view. When an optical system that enables Maxwell's vision is used, a high-resolution image can be observed regardless of human vision. This is because the diameter of the light beam incident on the pupil is thin, so that it is difficult to be affected by myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism and the like. Furthermore, when an optical system that enables Maxwell's viewing is used, most of the light emitted from the light source can be incident on the pupil, and a bright image can be observed.

  However, in Maxwell's view, if the eyeball rotates or the distance between the exit pupils on both sides of the display device differs between the observer's eye width in binocular vision, the light beam will not enter the pupil and the image will be It becomes impossible to observe.

For this reason, in Patent Document 2, the exit pupil can be moved by changing the distance between the eyepiece lens and the objective lens corresponding to the scanning optical system, and the position of the exit pupil is set with respect to the position of the pupil of the observer. A scanning display device adapted to be combined is disclosed.
US Pat. No. 5,701,132 JP 11-352903 A

  However, in the display device disclosed in Patent Document 2, since the exit pupil is moved while the optical distance between the objective lens and the eyepiece optical system is kept constant, the scanning unit is moved along with the movement of the exit pupil. Otherwise, the angle of view will change. If the apparatus is configured to move the entire optical system including the scanning unit so that the angle of view does not change, the apparatus becomes large.

  Furthermore, in the display device disclosed in Patent Document 2, no consideration is given to a problem caused by a deviation between the pupil and the exit pupil when the observer's pupil moves.

  The present invention provides a scanning display device capable of adjusting the exit pupil position with respect to the position of the pupil of the observer and moving the exit pupil following the movement of the pupil while reducing fluctuations in the angle of view and image distortion. To do.

A scanning display device according to one aspect of the present invention includes a light source, a scanning unit that scans a light beam from the light source, a scanning optical system that collects the light beam from the scanning unit, and a light beam from the scanning optical system. An eyepiece optical system that guides the eye of the observer to the exit pupil where the eye is placed, and the light beam traveling from the scanning optical system to the eyepiece optical system has telecentricity, and the eyepiece optical system includes the scanning optical system A first reflecting surface that reflects the light beam from the scanning optical system with respect to the scanning optical system and the scanning unit. It has the 1st mechanism which enables it to move in the direction along the advancing direction of the light flux to.

  In the present invention, the eyepiece optical system is moved relative to the scanning optical system along the traveling direction of the light beam having telecentricity from the scanning optical system. Thereby, the position of the exit pupil can be moved in accordance with the position of the observer's pupil and the movement thereof with little change in the angle of view and the distortion of the image.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a head-mounted scanning display apparatus that is Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a view of the scanning display device as viewed from above (the top of the viewer's head). A direction parallel to the paper surface of FIG. 1 is a horizontal direction, and a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 1 is a vertical direction. Note that the scanning display device of this embodiment is actually a binocular observation device, but in the drawing used in this embodiment, only the configuration for one eye is shown. The present embodiment can also be applied to an apparatus for one-eye observation (for monocular observation) for observation with one eye (monocular).

  The divergent light beam emitted from the light source unit 101 is converted into a parallel light beam 103 by the condensing optical system 102 and is incident on the scanning unit 104. The scanning unit 104 scans the incident light beam in a two-dimensional direction. The light beam from the scanning unit 104 enters the scanning optical system 105. The scanning optical system 105 condenses the incident light beam.

  The light beam emitted from the scanning optical system 105 enters the eyepiece optical system 106. The eyepiece optical system 106 includes a reflection surface (first reflection surface) 106c that reflects the light beam from the scanning optical system 105 by 90 ° toward an exit pupil 107 described later.

  The light beam emitted from the eyepiece optical system 106 forms an exit pupil 107. By arranging the observer's eye 108, more specifically the pupil 109, at the position of the exit pupil 107 (or in the vicinity thereof), a spot as a condensing point is formed on the retina of the eye. Move on the retina with. Thereby, the image is directly drawn on the retina, and the observer can recognize the image.

  FIG. 2 shows a MEMS scanning device 201 constituting the scanning unit 104. The MEMS scanning device 201 is created by a semiconductor process technology.

The MEMS scanning device 201 has a structure in which a micromirror 202 having a deflection surface (reflection surface) is supported via torsion bars 203 and 204. The micromirror 202 performs a reciprocating reciprocating motion about the shaft 205 when the torsion bar 203 is twisted, and reciprocating about the shaft 206 when the torsion bar 204 is twisted. By these reciprocating motions, the normal direction of the micromirror 202 changes two-dimensionally. For this reason, the reflection direction of the light beam incident on the micromirror 202 changes (deflects) two-dimensionally. As a result, the MEMS light scanning device 201 scans the light beam in the two-dimensional direction.

  By using such a MEMS scanning device 201, the scanning unit 104 can be reduced in size. As the scanning unit 104, not only the MEMS scanning device 201 capable of scanning a light beam in a two-dimensional direction, but also a combination of two rotary polygon mirrors that scan a light beam in a one-dimensional direction, or a MEMS scan that scans a light beam in a one-dimensional direction. Two devices may be combined or configured.

  The principle of movement of the exit pupil in the scanning display device of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 3, the optical system shown in FIG. 1 is simplified, and the same components as those shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, only the chief ray of the light flux from the light source unit 101 is shown. Of the three principal rays, the central principal ray, that is, a ray incident from the scanning unit 104 and passing through the center of the scanning optical system 105 and reaching the center of the exit pupil (image) is also referred to as a central field angle principal ray.

  In this embodiment, a light beam group (hereinafter also simply referred to as a light beam) emitted from the scanning optical system 105 and traveling to the eyepiece optical system 106 at all scanning timings (scanning angles) of the scanning unit 104 has telecentricity. IP indicates the position of the intermediate image formed by the light beam traveling from the scanning optical system 105 to the eyepiece optical system 106.

  Reference numeral 110 denotes a horizontal movement mechanism (first mechanism). The horizontal movement mechanism 110 moves the eyepiece optical system 106 from the scanning optical system 105 to the eyepiece optical system 106 with respect to the scanning optical system 105 and the scanning unit 104 (and the light source unit 101), as indicated by thick arrows in the figure. It is supported so as to be movable in the direction along the traveling direction of the luminous flux.

  In the present embodiment, the horizontal movement mechanism 110 is controlled by a controller (control means) that detects the position of the pupil 109 of the observer's eye 108 through a pupil detector (not shown). This also applies to Examples 2 and 3 described later. However, in this embodiment, description of the control system is omitted. Alternatively, the horizontal movement mechanism 110 may be manually operated by an observer so that the position of the exit pupil 107 matches the position of the observer's eyes (pupil). This is the same in the second and third embodiments described later.

  4A to 4C show a state where the eyepiece optical system 106 is in the normal position, a state where the eyepiece optical system 106 is closer to the scanning optical system 105 than the normal position, and a state where the eyepiece optical system 106 is farther from the scanning optical system 105 than the normal position. Each of the scanning display devices is shown.

  In the state of FIG. 4A, the observer's eye 108 (pupil 109) is facing the front, and the positions of the exit pupil 107 and the pupil 109 coincide with each other because the eyepiece optical system 106 is in the normal position. . All the light beams from the eyepiece optical system 106 enter the eye through the pupil 109. Further, the visual axis when the observer is observing the center of the image is orthogonal to the direction in which the light beam having telecentricity from the scanning optical system 105 toward the eyepiece optical system 106 travels.

  FIG. 4B shows a state in which the eye rotates while the observer tries to gaze at the right end of the image from this state, and the pupil 109 moves to the right side (lower side in the figure). At this time, if the eyepiece optical system 106 is in the normal position, the positions of the exit pupil 107 and the pupil 109 are shifted, and the light beam does not enter the pupil 109 and the image cannot be observed. Therefore, the eyepiece optical system 106 is translated to the side (right side) closer to the scanning optical system 105 than the normal position. As a result, the exit pupil 107 also moves to the right side, and the positions of the exit pupil 107 and the pupil 109 coincide with each other so that an image can be observed.

  FIG. 4C shows a state in which the eye is rotated and the pupil 109 is moved to the left side (upper side in the drawing) so that the observer tries to gaze at the left end of the image. Also at this time, if the eyepiece optical system 106 remains at the normal position, the positions of the exit pupil 107 and the pupil 109 are shifted, and the light beam does not enter the pupil 109 and the image cannot be observed. Therefore, the eyepiece optical system 106 is translated to the side (left side) farther from the scanning optical system 105 than the normal position. As a result, the exit pupil 107 also moves to the left, the positions of the exit pupil 107 and the pupil 109 coincide, and the image can be observed.

  Note that, regardless of the movement of the eyepiece optical system 106, the emission direction of the light beam from the eyepiece optical system 106 remains unchanged. Thereby, even if the exit pupil 107 moves, the image recognized by the observer is held at a fixed position.

  The optical system of the present embodiment is basically an optical system that performs Maxwell's view, and there is no need to consider focus variation when the movement of the exit pupil 107 is slight. However, when the movement amount of the exit pupil 107 is large, there is a possibility that the focus is shifted as Maxwell's view becomes difficult. In particular, when the angle of view is wide, the focal length of the eyepiece optical system 106 is shortened, so that the focus varies greatly even if the eyepiece optical system 106 is slightly moved.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, the image point position of the light beam from the light source unit 101 is determined by moving the condensing optical system 102 as a movable optical system in the optical axis direction in accordance with the movement of the eyepiece optical system 106. Move. In this embodiment, in the state shown in FIG. 4B, the condensing optical system 102 is moved closer to the scanning unit 104 than the position shown in FIG. In the state shown in FIG. 4C, the condensing optical system 102 is moved to the side farther from the scanning unit 104 than the position shown in FIG. Thereby, the focus state of the image observed by the observer can be kept constant, and Maxwell's view can be maintained.

  As described above, since the light beam traveling from the scanning optical system 105 to the eyepiece optical system 106 has telecentricity, even if the eyepiece optical system 106 moves, the size of the angle of view and the distortion of the image observed by the observer are almost the same. Absent. For this reason, even if the exit pupil 107 moves, there is no need to optically or electrically correct the angle of view and distortion.

Here, the telecentricity referred to in the present embodiment means that when the beam divergence angle is θ,
θ ≦ 3deg
It is desirable that Furthermore, in order to reduce the change in the angle of view and the distortion of the image even if the movement amount of the exit pupil 107 is increased,
θ ≦ 1deg
It is desirable that

  When an observer observes an image, the eyeball is often rotated to change the gaze position in the horizontal direction (left-right direction), while the entire head is moved up and down to change the gaze position in the vertical direction. It is often moved to. For this reason, in this embodiment, the exit pupil 107 is moved only in the horizontal direction in which the position of the pupil is large and easy to move, and is not moved in the vertical direction.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the light beam traveling from the scanning optical system 105 toward the eyepiece optical system 106 has telecentricity. That is, the scanning optical system 105 and the eyepiece optical system 106 are each configured as an image side telecentric optical system. Then, the eyepiece optical system 106 is moved with respect to the scanning optical system 105 and the scanning unit 104 in a direction along the traveling direction of the light beam having the telecentricity. That is, the distance (interval) between the eyepiece optical system 106 and the scanning optical system 105 is changed.

  Thereby, the position of the exit pupil 107 can be moved in the same direction as the moving direction of the eyepiece optical system 106. Therefore, the position of the exit pupil 107 can be moved in accordance with the position of the observer's pupil 109 (the width of both eyes) and the movement thereof with little variation in the angle of view and image distortion.

  FIG. 5 shows the configuration of a head-mounted scanning display apparatus that is Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a view of the scanning display device as viewed from above (the top of the viewer's head). A direction parallel to the paper surface of FIG. 5 is a horizontal direction, and a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 5 is a vertical direction.

  A light beam 103 emitted from the light source unit 101 as a divergent light beam and collimated by the condensing optical system 502 is incident on the scanning unit 104. The light beam is scanned in a two-dimensional direction by the scanning unit 104 and enters the scanning optical system 505.

  The light beam incident on the scanning optical system 505 constituted by two prism elements forms an intermediate image once in the scanning optical system 505 and then exits from the scanning optical system 505. A light beam group emitted from the scanning optical system 505 at all scanning timings in the scanning unit 104 has telecentricity.

  The light beam emitted from the scanning optical system 505 enters the eyepiece optical system 506. The light beam incident on the eyepiece optical system 506 forms an intermediate image once inside, and then exits the eyepiece optical system 506 to form an exit pupil 107. The eyepiece optical system 506 is composed of two prism elements as will be described later. Among the prism elements on the exit pupil side, a reflection surface (first reflection surface) 506 b that guides the light beam to the exit pupil 107 is provided. ing.

  By configuring the scanning optical system 505 and the eyepiece optical system 506 using prism elements, it is possible to apply main optical power to the reflecting surface, and to reduce chromatic aberration. Further, the number of optical elements constituting the scanning optical system 505 and the eyepiece optical system 506 can be reduced.

  The eyepiece optical system 506 in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The eyepiece optical system 506 includes a first prism element 506-1 and a second prism element 506-2. The light beam incident on the eyepiece optical system 506 through the image surface 601 is first reflected twice in the second prism element 506-2, and then reflected twice and emitted in the first prism element 506-1.

  When ray tracing is performed from the observer's eye 108 side, the light beam emitted from the second prism 506-2 and directed to the scanning optical system 505 has telecentricity. The visual axis when the observer is observing the center of the image (the state shown in FIG. 7A described later) is orthogonal to the direction in which the emitted light beam having the telecentricity travels. Further, by folding the optical path by the prism element as described above, the length of the entire optical system in the visual axis direction can be reduced.

  Although not shown, in this embodiment as well, a horizontal movement mechanism that allows the eyepiece optical system 506 to move in the direction along the traveling direction of the light beam having the telecentricity with respect to the scanning optical system 505 and the scanning unit 104 is provided. Have.

  7A to 7C show a state where the eyepiece optical system 506 is in the normal position, a state where the eyepiece optical system 506 is farther from the scanning optical system 505 than the normal position, and a state where the eyepiece optical system 506 is closer to the scanning optical system 505 than the normal position. Respectively.

  The state shown in FIG. 7A corresponds to the state shown in FIG. Moreover, the state of FIG.7 (b) is corresponded in the state shown in FIG.4 (c) in Example 1. FIG. Further, the state of FIG. 7C corresponds to the state shown in FIG. Also in the present embodiment, by moving the eyepiece optical system 506 and moving the exit pupil 107 in accordance with the movement of the pupil 109, the positions of the exit pupil 107 and the pupil 109 are matched to prevent the image from being unobservable. doing.

  Also in this embodiment, by moving the condensing optical system 502 as a movable optical system in the optical axis direction in accordance with the movement of the eyepiece optical system 506, the observer can move even if the exit pupil 107 moves greatly. The focus state of the image to be observed can be kept constant, and Maxwell's view can be maintained.

  FIG. 8 shows the configuration of a head-mounted scanning display apparatus that is Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a view of the scanning display device as viewed from above (the top of the viewer's head). A direction parallel to the paper surface of FIG. 8 is a horizontal direction, and a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 8 is a vertical direction.

  This embodiment uses an optical system that is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, but uses a prism element in the scanning optical system 805 and the eyepiece optical system 806 to reduce the size of the entire optical system.

  In FIG. 8, the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

  The light beam 103 emitted from the light source unit 101 is incident on the scanning optical system 805 via the condensing optical system 102 and the scanning unit 104. Up to this point, the process is the same as in the first embodiment.

  The scanning optical system 805 includes a prism element 805-1 and lens elements 805-2 and 805-3. The light beam from the scanning unit 104 is incident from the incident surface of the prism element 805-1, reflected twice, and then emitted from the exit surface. Thereafter, the light beam passes through the lens elements 805-2 and 805-3 and exits from the scanning optical system 105.

  By passing through the lens elements 805-2 and 805-3, the light beam group emitted from the scanning optical system 805 and proceeding to the eyepiece optical system 806 at all scanning timings (scanning angles) of the scanning unit 104 has telecentricity.

  The light beam from the scanning optical system 105 is incident from the incident surface of the prism element constituting the eyepiece optical system 806, is reflected by the reflecting surface (first reflecting surface) 806b, is emitted from the exit surface, and is exited from the exit pupil 107. Form. By configuring the eyepiece optical system 806 using a prism element having the reflecting surface 806b, the main power of the eyepiece optical system 806 can be given to the reflecting surface 806b, and chromatic aberration can be reduced. Further, since the prism element is formed in a triangular prism shape, the traveling direction of the light beam from the scanning optical system 805 to the eyepiece optical system 806 and the emission direction of the light beam from the eyepiece optical system 806 can be easily orthogonalized. .

  9A to 9C show a state in which the eyepiece optical system 806 is in the normal position, a state in which the eyepiece optical system 806 is closer to the scanning optical system 805 than the normal position, and a state in which the eyepiece optical system 806 is farther from the scanning optical system 805 than in the normal position. Respectively.

  The state shown in FIG. 9A corresponds to the state shown in FIG. Moreover, the state of FIG.9 (b) is corresponded in the state shown in FIG.4 (b) in Example 1. FIG. Further, the state of FIG. 9C corresponds to the state shown in FIG. Also in this embodiment, by moving the eyepiece optical system 806 and moving the exit pupil 107 in accordance with the movement of the pupil 109, the positions of the exit pupil 107 and the pupil 109 are matched to prevent the image from being unobservable. doing.

  Also in this embodiment, by moving the condensing optical system 802 as a movable optical system in the optical axis direction in accordance with the movement of the eyepiece optical system 806, the observer can move even if the exit pupil 107 moves greatly. The focus state of the image to be observed can be kept constant, and Maxwell's view can be maintained.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the exit pupil 107 is moved only in the horizontal direction has been described. However, the exit pupil 107 may also be moved in the vertical direction using the optical system shown in FIG. FIG. 11 shows a specific optical configuration example of the scanning display device shown in FIG.

  The optical system shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 includes a scanning optical system in which a first scanning optical system 805 in which a light beam from the scanning unit 104 is incident and a second light beam in which the light beam from the first scanning optical system 805 is incident. And a scanning optical system 1001. The second scanning optical system 1001 is composed of a double-sided telecentric relay optical system. Further, the second scanning optical system 1001 includes a reflective surface (second reflective surface) 1002 that reflects the light beam from the first scanning optical system 805 toward the eyepiece optical system 806.

  Reference numeral 1003 denotes a vertical movement mechanism (second mechanism). The vertical movement mechanism 1003 causes the second scanning optical system 1001 to travel from the first scanning optical system 805 to the second scanning optical system 1001 with respect to the first scanning optical system 805 and the scanning unit 104. It is movably supported in a direction along the direction. At this time, the eyepiece optical system 806 also moves in the same direction together with the second scanning optical system 1001. Thus, by moving the second scanning optical system 1001 and the eyepiece optical system 806 (changing the distance between the first and second scanning optical systems 805 and 1001), the exit pupil 107 is moved in the vertical direction. Moving.

Reference numeral 1005 denotes the horizontal movement mechanism (first mechanism) described in the first embodiment. The horizontal movement mechanism 1005 moves the eyepiece optical system 806 in a direction along the traveling direction of the light flux from the second scanning optical system 1001 to the eyepiece optical system 806 with respect to the scanning optical systems 805 and 1001 and the scanning unit 104. I support it as possible. By moving the eyepiece optical system 806 (changing the distance between the eyepiece optical system 806 and the scanning optical systems 805 and 1001), the exit pupil 107 moves in the horizontal direction.

  Thus, in this embodiment, the exit pupil 107 can be moved in a two-dimensional direction.

FIG. 12 shows the configuration of a scanning display apparatus 1201 that is Embodiment 4 of the present invention. The scanning display device 1201 of the present embodiment uses the optical system described in the second embodiment to present an image (image) captured by the video camera 1202 to the observer's eyes.

  An imaging signal from the video camera 1202 is converted into a video signal S by the image processing circuit 1203. The distortion correction circuit 1211 acquires parameters for correcting distortion (aberration) of the optical system from table data (not shown), and applies the image signal S so that the image presented to the observer does not have distortion. To generate a reverse-corrected video signal. The generated video signal is temporarily stored in the memory 1213 for each frame.

  Based on the frame stored in the memory 1213, the drawing circuit 1214 draws an image corresponding to the frame on the observer's retina by a light beam emitted from the light source unit 101 and scanned by the scanning unit 104. The light source unit 101 is modulated. As a result, a two-dimensional image corresponding to the image captured by the video camera 1202 is drawn on the retina of the observer.

  The pupil detector 1204 includes a CCD camera 1205 and a pupil detection circuit 1206. The CCD camera 1205 images the observer's pupil 109 illuminated by the two infrared LEDs 1207. The pupil detection circuit 1206 determines the position of the pupil 109 from the image obtained by the CCD camera 1205.

  The controller 1209 calculates the difference in the horizontal direction between the determined position of the pupil 109 and the current position of the exit pupil 107. Then, the actuator 1210a is driven to operate the horizontal movement mechanism (not shown) so that the positional difference in the horizontal direction becomes zero, and the eyepiece optical system 506 is moved in the horizontal direction (left-right direction). The controller 1209 drives the actuator 1210b to move the condensing optical system 502 in the optical axis direction. Thus, the exit pupil 107 is moved in accordance with the movement of the pupil 109, and diopter correction (focus correction) is performed.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, even when the pupil 109 moves, the position of the exit pupil 107 moves following the pupil 109, so that the observer can always observe an image without any defects.

  Hereinafter, numerical examples (design examples) corresponding to Examples 1 to 3 described above are shown in Tables 1 to 3. In each embodiment, the optical path is described from the light source unit side toward the exit pupil side. However, in the numerical examples, the optical path is described in the form of backward tracking from the exit pupil side to the light source unit side.

  In each table, the position of the light source unit is expressed as a reference position (0th surface) in the absolute coordinate system. The Z axis, Y axis, and X axis, which are three-dimensional coordinate axes in the absolute coordinate system, are defined as follows.

  Z axis: A straight line passing from the center of the 0th surface to the center of the first surface (the origin of absolute coordinates), and this direction is positive.

  Y axis: A straight line that passes through the center of the first surface and forms 90 degrees counterclockwise with respect to the Z axis.

  X axis: A straight line passing through the center of the first surface and orthogonal to the Z axis and the Y axis.

  In the notation of the surface shape of the i-th surface constituting the optical system, a local coordinate system is set, and the surface shape is expressed by a function based on the local coordinate system. The tilt angle of the i-th surface in the YZ plane is represented by an angle θgi (unit: degree) with the counterclockwise direction as the positive direction with respect to the Z axis of the absolute coordinate system. In this embodiment, the tilt angle is set only in the YZ plane. The y and z axes of the local coordinate system (x, y, z) of the i-th surface are in the YZ plane of the absolute coordinate system and are inclined by the angle θgi in the YZ plane. The z, y, and x axes of the local coordinate system are defined as follows.

  z-axis: A straight line that passes through the origin of the local coordinates and forms an angle θgi in the counterclockwise direction in the YZ plane with respect to the Z-axis of the absolute coordinate system.

  y-axis: A straight line that passes through the origin of the local coordinates and forms 90 degrees counterclockwise in the YZ plane with respect to the z-axis.

  x-axis: A straight line passing through the origin of the local coordinates and orthogonal to the YZ plane.

In each table, Ndi and νdi represent the refractive index and Abbe number for the d-line of the medium between the i-th surface and the (i + 1) -th surface, respectively. “E ± X” means “× 10 ^{± X”} .

  Further, a non-rotationally symmetric surface (noted as XYP, ASP, or AL in the table) that does not have a rotational symmetry axis is expressed by the following mathematical formula.

  This function is a function that defines a surface shape by local coordinates (x, y, z) of the i-th surface. Also, with this function, a plane symmetric with respect to the yz plane can be obtained by setting the term relating to the odd order of x to 0 in the local coordinate system.

  In each numerical example, the surface vertices of each surface are only shifted eccentrically in the y and z axis directions and tilted eccentrically around the x axis. For this reason, the conventional bus bar cross section and the local bus bar cross section are the same cross section, but the conventional bus bar cross section and the local bus bar cross section of each surface are different.

  Each table shows the radii of curvature at the origin of the local coordinates of each optical surface (the radius of curvature on the cross section of the local bus and the radius of curvature on the cross section of the local bus) rx, ry. Further, the distance between the hit points where the central field angle principal ray is incident on the i-th surface and the (i + 1) -th surface (value without air conversion) is shown as a local surface interval d. Further, the eccentric amounts shift and tilt of each surface are shown.

  As described above, a surface whose surface shape is a free-form surface is indicated as XYP, a spherical surface is indicated as SPH, and an aspheric surface is indicated as AL or ASP. The aspheric coefficient is shown in the lower part of the table. The surface with M indicates that the surface is a reflecting surface.

<Numerical example 1>
FIG. 13 shows a numerical example of the optical system corresponding to the first embodiment. The diagonal field angle is 50 deg (the horizontal field angle corresponding to the plane of the figure is 43 deg, the vertical field angle perpendicular to the page of the figure is 25.3 deg, the aspect ratio is 16: 9), and the exit pupil diameter φ is 1 mm. It is. The scanning angle of MEMS is ± 7.125 deg in the horizontal direction and ± 4.008 deg in the vertical direction. The eye point of the eyepiece optical system 106 is 7.5 mm. The angle formed by the light beam between the eyepiece optical system 106 and the scanning optical system 105 is 0.32 deg at the maximum.

Exit pupil 107 surface number 1
Surface 106a Surface number 2
Surface 106b Surface number 3
Surface 106c Surface number 4
Surface 105a Surface number 6
Surface 105b Surface number 7
Surface 105c Surface number 8
Surface 105d Surface number 9
Surface 105e Surface number 10
Surface 105f Surface number 11
Surface 105g Surface number 12
Surface 105h Surface number 13
Surface 105i Surface number 14
Surface 105j Surface number 15
Surface 105k Surface number 16
Surface 105l Surface number 17
Surface 105m Surface number 18
Surface 105n Surface number 19
Surface 105o Surface number 20
Scanning unit 104 surface number 21
Surface 102a Surface number 22
Surface 102b Surface number 23
Surface 102c Surface number 24
Light source unit 101 surface number 25

type sur Yg Zg qg ry rx d shift tilt nd νd
1 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 7.500 0.000 0.000 1.000
2 0.0000 7.5000 0.0000 19.4650 19.4650 7.500 0.000 0.000 1.533 38.16
ASP 3 0.0000 15.0000 0.0000 -6.1615 -6.1615 7.000 0.000 0.000 1.000
M 4 0.0000 22.0000 45.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 0.000 45.000 -1.000
5 -1.2715 22.0000 90.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 -1.271 90.000 -1.000
6 -15.0000 22.0000 90.0000 9.2524 9.2524 0.000 -15.000 90.000 -1.859 15.71
7 -16.2031 22.0000 90.0000 11.7627 11.7627 0.000 -16.203 90.000 -1.000
8 -16.4031 22.0000 90.0000 -67.5419 -67.5419 0.000 -16.403 90.000 -1.533 38.16
ASP 9 -21.4031 22.0000 90.0000 7.7505 7.7505 0.000 -21.403 90.000 -1.000
10 -52.4353 22.0000 90.0000 -15.3052 -15.3052 0.000 -52.435 90.000 -1.519 44.20
11 -60.1113 22.0000 90.0000 9.2303 9.2303 0.000 -60.111 90.000 -1.772 17.56
12 -61.9087 22.0000 90.0000 19.9044 19.9044 0.000 -61.909 90.000 -1.000
ASP 13 -69.9057 22.0000 90.0000 -63.9210 -63.9210 0.000 -69.906 90.000 -1.533 38.16
ASP 14 -73.1958 22.0000 90.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 -73.196 90.000 -1.000
M 15 -85.0000 22.0000 45.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -11.946 -85.000 45.000 1.000
ASP 16 -85.0000 10.0540 0.0000 276.0643 276.0643 -3.000 -85.000 0.000 1.533 38.16
ASP 17 -85.0000 7.05403 0.0000 -44.8635 -44.8635 -2.404 -85.000 0.000 1.000
18 -85.0000 4.6501 0.0000 9.7490 9.7490 -1.407 -85.000 0.000 1.772 17.56
19 -85.0000 3.2429 0.0000 6.2044 6.2044 -5.500 -85.000 0.000 1.519 44.20
20 -85.0000 -2.2571 0.0000 30.6426 30.6426 -10.000 -85.000 0.000 1.000
M 21 -85.0000 -12.2571 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -20.000 -85.000 0.000 1.000
22 -97.5000 9.3935 30.0000 -6.2044 -6.2044 0.694 -97.500 30.000 -1.519 44.20
23 -97.9006 10.0874 30.0000 2.6516 2.6516 0.673 -97.901 30.000 -1.816 16.82
24 -98.2891 10.7602 30.0000 4.3166 4.3166 5.189 -98.289 30.000 -1.000
25 -101.2848 15.9491 30.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 -101.285 30.000 -1.000

surface no. = 2
SPH rdy = 1.946e + 001
surface no. = 3
ASP rdy = -6.161e + 000 a = -4.746e-004 b = 7.780e-007 c = 1.481e-007 d = -1.942e-009 e = 6.591e-012

surface no. = 4
SPH rdy = 1.000e + 018

surface no. = 5
SPH rdy = 1.000e + 018

surface no. = 6
SPH rdy = 9.252e + 000

surface no. = 7
SPH rdy = 1.176e + 001

surface no. = 8
SPH rdy = -6.754e + 001

surface no. = 9
ASP rdy = 7.750e + 000 a = 1.850e-005 b = 1.790e-007 c = -8.599e-010 d = -1.225e-011 e = 1.124e-013

surface no. = 10
SPH rdy = -1.531e + 001

surface no. = 11
SPH rdy = 9.230e + 000

surface no. = 12
SPH rdy = 1.990e + 001

surface no. = 13
ASP rdy = -6.392e + 001 a = -2.570e-006 b = -1.131e-007 c = -1.189e-008 d = -6.605e-011 e = 1.473e-039

surface no. = 14
ASP rdy = 3.364e-009 a = 3.882e-004 b = -8.762e-006 c = 9.873e-009 d = 8.512e-010 e = 1.473e-039

surface no. = 15
SPH rdy = 1.000e + 018

surface no. = 16
ASP rdy = 2.761e + 002 a = 4.842e-004 b = -5.359e-006 c = 2.822e-008 d = -8.555e-012 e = -2.186e-013

surface no. = 17
ASP rdy = -4.486e + 001 a = -9.070e-005 b = 6.326e-008 c = 5.492e-009 d = 2.552e-011 e = 1.473e-039

surface no. = 18
SPH rdy = 9.749e + 000

surface no. = 19
SPH rdy = 6.204e + 000

surface no. = 20
SPH rdy = 3.064e + 001

surface no. = 21
SPH rdy = 1.000e + 018

surface no. = 22
SPH rdy = -6.204e + 000

surface no. = 23
SPH rdy = 2.652e + 000

surface no. = 24
SPH rdy = 4.317e + 000

In this numerical example, the exit pupil of ± 4 mm can be moved in the horizontal direction (the direction in which the eyepiece optical system 106 and the scanning optical system 105 approach each other is positive). At this time, the condensing optical system 102 moves by −1 to 0.6 mm (the direction in which the condensing optical system 102 approaches the light source unit 101 is positive).

FIG. 14 shows the distortion change when the exit pupil moves in this numerical example. In addition, FIGS. 15 and 16 show lateral aberration diagrams when the movement amounts of the exit pupil are 0 mm and 4 mm at wavelengths of 486.13 nm, 587.56 nm, and 656.27 nm, respectively. 15 and 16, the lower right diagrams show the aberration measurement points A to B in the screen, and the aberrations at the measurement points A to C correspond to A to C on the left side. This is the same in other aberration diagrams.
<Numerical example 2>
FIG. 17 shows a numerical example of the optical system corresponding to the second embodiment. The diagonal field angle is 70 deg (the horizontal field angle corresponding to the paper surface in the figure is 60 deg, the vertical field angle perpendicular to the paper surface in the figure is 36 deg, and the aspect ratio is 16: 9), and the exit pupil diameter φ is 1 mm. . The scanning angle of the MEMS is ± 10 deg in the horizontal direction and ± 5.68 deg in the vertical direction. The eye point of the eyepiece optical system 506 is 12.5 mm. The angle formed by the light beam between the eyepiece optical system 506 and the scanning optical system 505 is 0.11 deg at the maximum.

Exit pupil 107 surface number 1
Surface 506a Surface number 2, 4
Surface 506b Surface number 3
Surface 506c Surface number 5
Surface 506d Surface number 6, 8
Surface 506e Surface number 7
Surface 506f Surface number 9
Surface 505a Surface number 10
Surface 505b Surface number 11
Surface 505c Surface number 12
Surface 505d Surface number 13
Surface 505e Surface number 14
Surface 505f Surface number 15
Surface 505g Surface number 16
Surface 505h Surface number 17
Scanning unit 104 surface number 18
Surface 502a Surface number 19
Surface 502b Surface number 20
Surface 502c Surface number 21
Surface 502d Surface number 22
Surface 502e Surface number 23
Light source unit 101 surface number 24

type sur Yg Zg qg ry rx d shift tilt nd νd
1 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 12.305 0.000 0.000 1.000
XYP 2 -15.9297 12.3054 1.8632 0.0000 0.0000 8.407 -15.930 1.863 1.533 41.59
XYP-M 3 1.6616 20.7124 -20.2673 0.0000 0.0000 -8.407 1.662 -20.267 -1.533 41.59
XYP-M 4 -15.9297 12.3054 1.8632 0.0000 0.0000 6.047 -15.930 1.863 1.533 41.59
XYP 5 17.9704 18.3522 61.4616 0.0000 0.0000 5.393 17.970 61.462 1.000
XYP 6 15.5711 23.7448 57.7304 0.0000 0.0000 -1.362 15.571 57.730 1.533 41.59
XYP-M 7 21.2255 22.3831 34.1649 0.0000 0.0000 1.362 21.226 34.165 -1.533 41.59
XYP-M 8 15.5711 23.7448 57.7304 0.0000 0.0000 -5.150 15.571 57.730 1.533 41.59
XYP 9 28.6231 18.5946 77.8580 0.0000 0.0000 -0.117 28.623 77.858 1.000
XYP 10 32.4974 16.2775 -88.1368 0.0000 0.0000 2.858 32.497 -88.137 1.533 41.59
XYP-M 11 56.7332 19.1352 -67.0073 0.0000 0.0000 9.285 56.733 -67.007 -1.533 41.59
XYP-M 12 48.0851 28.4203 -22.0013 0.0000 0.0000 -19.995 48.085 -22.001 1.533 41.59
XYP 13 48.7812 8.42514 3.4165 0.0000 0.0000 -2.247 48.781 3.417 1.000
XYP 14 45.8973 6.1784 5.6040 0.0000 0.0000 -15.698 45.897 5.604 1.533 41.59
XYP-M 15 47.7115 -9.5192 -22.9437 0.0000 0.0000 8.380 47.712 -22.944 -1.533 41.59
XYP-M 16 38.4927 -1.1397 -68.0673 0.0000 0.0000 -1.115 38.493 -68.067 1.533 41.59
XYP 17 53.1314 -2.25458 -87.8393 0.0000 0.0000 0.675 53.131 -87.839 1.000
M 18 60.9038 -1.5793 -69.9966 0.0000 0.0000 -11.282 60.904 -69.997 -1.000
19 47.4600 -12.8614 -49.9966 -16.5696 -16.5696 -2.250 47.460 -49.997 -1.643 41.27
20 44.7789 -15.1113 -49.9966 -6.8815 -6.8815 -0.514 44.779 -49.997 -1.816 18.51
21 44.1661 -15.6255 -49.9966 -13.0356 -13.0356 -0.129 44.166 -49.997 -1.000
AL 22 44.0129 -15.7541 -49.9966 10.9164 10.9164 -1.928 44.013 -49.997 -1.533 41.59
23 41.7149 -17.6826 -49.9966 0.0000 0.0000 -11.282 41.715 -49.997 -1.000
24 28.2711 -28.9647 -49.9966 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 28.271 -49.997 -1.000

surface no. = 2
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = -2.955e-002 c4 = 5.433e-003 c6 = 2.465e-003 c8 = -7.366e-005
c10 = 1.974e-005 c11 = -1.934e-048 c13 = -3.877e-048 c15 = -1.911e-048 c17 = -5.379e-006
c19 = -8.364e-007 c21 = -2.006e-008 c22 = -1.293e-006 c24 = -1.472e-007 c26 = -1.817e-008
c28 = -7.938e-011 c30 = 6.379e-008 c32 = -1.712e-008 c34 = -7.209e-010 c36 = 2.456e-011
c37 = 3.809e-009 c39 = 2.548e-009 c41 = 6.881e-011 c43 = 1.818e-011 c45 = -1.532e-012

surface no. = 3
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = 1.342e-002 c4 = -2.431e-002 c6 = -1.844e-002 c8 = -1.250e-004
c10 = -6.548e-005 c11 = -2.041e-005 c13 = -1.349e-005 c15 = -9.615e-006 c17 = -1.956e-006
c19 = -1.561e-006 c21 = -2.064e-007 c22 = -7.699e-008 c24 = 5.006e-008 c26 = 2.493e-008
c28 = 1.856e-008 c30 = 8.206e-009 c32 = -1.226e-009 c34 = -3.707e-009 c36 = -1.234e-009
c37 = 3.475e-010 c39 = -6.916e-010 c41 = -5.221e-010 c43 = 3.793e-010 c45 = 6.420e-011

surface no. = 4
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = -2.955e-002 c4 = 5.433e-003 c6 = 2.465e-003 c8 = -7.366e-005
c10 = 1.974e-005 c11 = -1.934e-048 c13 = -3.877e-048 c15 = -1.911e-048 c17 = -5.379e-006
c19 = -8.364e-007 c21 = -2.006e-008 c22 = -1.293e-006 c24 = -1.472e-007 c26 = -1.817e-008
c28 = -7.938e-011 c30 = 6.379e-008 c32 = -1.712e-008 c34 = -7.209e-010 c36 = 2.456e-011
c37 = 3.809e-009 c39 = 2.548e-009 c41 = 6.881e-011 c43 = 1.818e-011 c45 = -1.532e-012

surface no. = 5
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = 1.540e-002 c4 = -4.726e-002 c6 = -4.487e-002 c8 = -4.674e-003
c10 = 3.556e-003 c11 = -1.934e-048 c13 = -3.877e-048 c15 = -1.911e-048 c17 = -1.446e-004
c19 = 4.360e-004 c21 = -3.925e-004 c22 = 5.263e-006 c24 = -2.290e-004 c26 = -1.025e-005
c28 = -2.422e-006 c30 = 2.038e-005 c32 = -7.452e-005 c34 = -3.640e-005 c36 = 6.056e-006
c37 = -4.362e-007 c39 = 6.538e-006 c41 = -8.409e-006 c43 = -6.000e-006 c45 = -1.059e-006

surface no. = 6
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = -1.146e-001 c4 = 1.315e-002 c6 = 1.046e-002 c8 = -3.069e-004
c10 = -6.027e-005 c11 = -1.934e-048 c13 = -3.877e-048 c15 = -1.911e-048 c17 = -3.615e-005
c19 = -1.079e-005 c21 = -2.430e-007 c22 = 3.521e-005 c24 = 3.232e-005 c26 = -1.850e-006
c28 = 6.802e-007 c30 = -1.099e-005 c32 = -4.805e-006 c34 = -2.193e-007 c36 = -2.061e-007
c37 = -7.379e-007 c39 = 7.478e-007 c41 = 2.590e-007 c43 = 5.801e-008 c45 = 1.348e-008

surface no. = 7
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = -1.060e-001 c4 = -2.587e-002 c6 = -2.459e-002 c8 = -3.040e-004
c10 = 3.527e-004 c11 = -1.934e-048 c13 = -3.877e-048 c15 = -1.911e-048 c17 = -2.286e-004
c19 = -3.824e-004 c21 = -3.032e-004 c22 = -5.560e-007 c24 = -2.421e-004 c26 = -1.489e-004
c28 = -1.523e-004 c30 = 7.509e-008 c32 = -9.009e-005 c34 = 1.244e-005 c36 = -3.786e-005
c37 = -1.005e-018 c39 = -3.420e-017 c41 = 1.369e-016 c43 = -2.821e-016 c45 = 6.439e-009

surface no. = 8
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = -1.146e-001 c4 = 1.315e-002 c6 = 1.046e-002 c8 = -3.069e-004
c10 = -6.027e-005 c11 = -1.934e-048 c13 = -3.877e-048 c15 = -1.911e-048 c17 = -3.615e-005
c19 = -1.079e-005 c21 = -2.430e-007 c22 = 3.521e-005 c24 = 3.232e-005 c26 = -1.850e-006
c28 = 6.802e-007 c30 = -1.099e-005 c32 = -4.805e-006 c34 = -2.193e-007 c36 = -2.061e-007
c37 = -7.379e-007 c39 = 7.478e-007 c41 = 2.590e-007 c43 = 5.801e-008 c45 = 1.348e-008

surface no. = 9
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = 2.204e-001 c4 = -8.067e-002 c6 = -1.131e-001 c8 = 1.023e-002
c10 = 5.082e-003 c11 = -2.272e-003 c13 = -5.504e-004 c15 = 1.192e-003 c17 = -1.729e-004
c19 = 2.935e-005 c21 = 7.030e-005 c22 = -5.657e-005 c24 = -1.650e-004 c26 = -1.152e-004
c28 = -3.284e-005 c30 = 2.896e-005 c32 = 6.112e-006 c34 = 8.893e-006 c36 = -2.844e-006
c37 = 5.387e-007 c39 = 3.377e-006 c41 = 5.792e-006 c43 = 1.105e-006 c45 = -5.344e-007

surface no. = 10
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = -1.087e-002 c4 = -6.297e-003 c6 = 6.390e-003 c8 = 1.943e-004
c10 = 1.540e-003 c11 = -2.972e-032 c13 = -3.284e-031 c15 = -5.261e-031 c17 = -1.051e-005
c19 = -3.263e-005 c21 = -2.614e-006 c22 = 5.556e-008 c24 = -4.478e-007 c26 = 4.204e-006
c28 = 7.248e-008

surface no. = 11
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = -8.472e-003 c4 = 1.021e-002 c6 = 5.818e-003 c8 = 1.488e-004
c10 = -3.569e-005 c11 = 6.561e-007 c13 = 1.099e-005 c15 = -1.150e-005 c17 = -1.207e-007
c19 = 7.377e-007 c21 = 7.848e-007 c22 = 1.715e-008 c24 = 9.443e-008 c26 = 6.081e-008
c28 = -1.304e-007

surface no. = 12
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = -8.643e-003 c4 = -8.377e-003 c6 = -1.142e-002 c8 = -1.332e-004
c10 = -1.055e-004 c11 = 2.846e-006 c13 = 1.385e-005 c15 = 6.718e-006 c17 = -6.065e-007
c19 = 9.893e-007 c21 = -9.264e-007 c22 = 4.467e-008 c24 = 2.445e-007 c26 = -4.441e-008
c28 = -2.139e-008

surface no. = 13
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = -4.579e-002 c4 = 3.087e-002 c6 = 1.110e-002 c8 = -3.769e-003
c10 = -1.880e-003 c11 = -1.158e-004 c13 = -5.102e-004 c15 = -7.442e-004 c17 = 1.212e-005
c19 = -3.830e-005 c21 = 4.472e-005 c22 = 9.026e-007 c24 = 1.794e-005 c26 = 2.575e-005
c28 = 5.746e-005

surface no. = 14
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = -8.390e-002 c4 = 2.098e-002 c6 = -2.624e-002 c8 = -2.060e-004
c10 = 1.899e-003 c11 = -8.425e-005 c13 = -6.174e-004 c15 = 2.778e-004 c17 = -3.355e-005
c19 = 1.440e-005 c21 = -2.856e-005 c22 = -5.040e-007 c24 = 6.437e-006 c26 = 5.918e-007
c28 = -9.181e-007

surface no. = 15
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = 8.096e-003 c4 = 6.499e-003 c6 = 6.816e-003 c8 = 9.795e-005
c10 = 8.002e-005 c11 = -1.233e-005 c13 = -2.253e-005 c15 = -3.055e-006 c17 = 2.906e-007
c19 = -4.857e-007 c21 = -8.391e-008 c22 = -3.713e-009 c24 = 2.789e-008 c26 = -3.965e-008
c28 = -4.562e-009 c30 = 1.421e-011 c32 = -2.132e-009 c34 = -3.165e-009 c36 = -1.543e-010
c37 = 1.298e-011 c39 = 5.987e-011 c41 = -1.113e-010 c43 = 6.244e-012 c45 = -9.555e-012

surface no. = 16
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = 9.120e-003 c4 = -1.306e-002 c6 = -1.222e-002 c8 = 4.717e-005
c10 = -5.789e-006 c11 = -5.538e-006 c13 = -1.050e-005 c15 = 9.282e-007 c17 = 5.606e-007
c19 = 3.005e-007 c21 = 1.583e-007 c22 = 1.148e-010 c24 = 3.803e-008 c26 = -9.697e-010
c28 = -1.662e-009 c30 = 3.953e-010 c32 = 4.057e-010 c34 = 1.261e-009 c36 = -4.761e-010
c37 = -7.288e-012 c39 = -3.564e-011 c41 = -8.681e-011 c43 = 1.301e-010 c45 = -3.191e-011

surface no. = 17
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = -2.882e-002 c4 = -3.878e-002 c6 = -8.136e-002 c8 = 9.235e-003
c10 = 6.799e-003 c11 = -5.929e-005 c13 = -1.276e-003 c15 = 4.291e-004 c17 = 8.076e-005
c19 = 2.594e-004 c21 = 2.527e-004 c22 = -7.532e-007 c24 = -1.497e-005 c26 = -2.622e-005
c28 = -6.300e-008
surface no. = 18
SPH rdy = 1.000e + 018

surface no. = 19
SPH rdy = -1.657e + 001

surface no. = 20
SPH rdy = -6.881e + 000

surface no. = 22
SPH rdy = -1.304e + 001

surface no. = 23
ASP rdy = 1.092e + 001 k = -3.665e + 000 a = -1.848e-005 b = 2.016e-006 c = 1.113e-007 d = -5.278e-009 e = 2.063e-012

surface no. = 24
SPH rdy = 1.000e + 018

In this numerical example, the exit pupil can be moved ± 4 mm in the horizontal direction and ± 1 mm in the vertical direction (the direction in which the eyepiece optical system 506 and the scanning optical system 505 approach each other is positive). At this time, the condensing optical system 102 moves by −4 to +8 mm (the direction in which the condensing optical system 502 approaches the light source unit 101 is positive).

  FIG. 18 shows the distortion change when the exit pupil moves in this numerical example. In addition, FIGS. 19 and 20 show lateral aberration diagrams when the movement amount of the exit pupil is 0 mm and the horizontal distance is 4 mm at wavelengths of 486.13 nm, 587.56 nm, and 656.27 nm, respectively.

<Numerical example 3>
FIG. 21 shows a numerical example of an optical system corresponding to the modified example (FIG. 11) of the third embodiment. However, the optical path bent at the reflecting surface 806b is shown extended.

  The diagonal field angle is 50 deg (the horizontal field angle corresponding to the plane of the figure is 40 deg, the vertical field angle perpendicular to the page of the figure is 30 deg, and the aspect ratio is 4: 3), and the exit pupil diameter φ is 1 mm. . The scanning angle of the MEMS is ± 4.33 deg in the horizontal direction and ± 3.25 deg in the vertical direction. The eye point of the eyepiece optical system 806 is 12.5 mm. The angle formed by the light beam between the eyepiece optical system 806 and the second scanning optical system 1001 is 0.30 deg at the maximum.

Exit pupil 107 surface number 1
Surface 806a Surface number 2
Surface 806b Surface number 3
Surface 806c Surface number 4
Surface 801a Surface number 5
Surface 801b Surface number 6
Surface 801c Surface number 7
Surface 801d Surface number 8
Surface 801e Surface number 9
Surface 801f Surface number 10
Surface 801g Surface number 11
Surface 801h Surface number 12
Surface 801i Surface number 13
Surface 801j Surface number 14
Surface 801k Surface number 15
Surface 801l Surface number 16
Surface 1002 Surface number 17
Surface 805b Surface number 18
Surface 805c Surface number 19
Surface 805d Surface number 20
Surface 805e Surface number 21
Surface 805f Surface number 22
Surface 805g Surface number 23
Surface 805h Surface number 24
Surface 805i Surface number 25
Scan unit 104 surface number 26
Surface 802a Surface number 27
Surface 802b Surface number 28
Surface 802c Surface number 29
Surface 802d Surface number 30
Light source unit 101 surface number 31

type sur Yg Zg qg ry rx d shift tilt nd νd
1 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 10.000 0.000 0.000 1.000
XYP 2 0.0000 10.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 8.606 0.000 0.000 1.533 38.16
XYP-M 3 0.0000 18.6060 45.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 0.000 45.000 -1.533 38.16
XYP 4 -11.4471 18.6060 90.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 -11.447 90.000 -1.000
5 -43.4464 18.6060 90.0000 -32.2683 -32.2683 0.000 -43.446 90.000 -1.725 34.30
6 -45.4464 18.6060 90.0000 65.6075 65.6075 0.000 -45.446 90.000 -1.000
7 -45.6792 18.6060 90.0000 -12.2330 -12.2330 0.000 -45.679 90.000 -1.643 37.87
8 -49.1792 18.6060 90.0000 38.0111 38.0111 0.000 -49.179 90.000 -1.000
9 -49.5865 18.6060 90.0000 30.6692 30.6692 0.000 -49.587 90.000 -1.772 17.56
10 -50.8451 18.6060 90.0000 -18.7002 -18.7002 0.000 -50.845 90.000 -1.000
11 -78.6665 18.6060 90.0000 18.7002 18.7002 0.000 -78.667 90.000 -1.772 17.56
12 -79.9251 18.6060 90.0000 -30.6692 -30.6692 0.000 -79.925 90.000 -1.000
13 -80.3324 18.6060 90.0000 -38.0111 -38.0111 0.000 -80.332 90.000 -1.643 37.87
14 -83.8324 18.6060 90.0000 12.2330 12.2330 0.000 -83.832 90.000 -1.000
15 -84.0652 18.6060 90.0000 -65.6075 -65.6075 0.000 -84.065 90.000 -1.725 34.30
16 -86.0652 18.6060 90.0000 32.2683 32.2683 0.000 -86.065 90.000 -1.000
(M) 17 -104.0652 18.6060 90.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 -104.065 90.000 -1.000
18 -121.1732 18.6060 90.0000 41.2689 41.2689 0.000 -121.173 90.000 -1.816 16.82
19 -124.4627 18.6060 90.0000 39.2224 39.2224 0.000 -124.463 90.000 -1.000
20 -126.2644 18.6060 90.0000 -28.6536 -28.6536 0.000 -126.264 90.000 -1.533 38.16
ASP 21 -133.5422 18.6060 90.0000 23.1963 23.1963 0.000 -133.542 90.000 -1.000
XYP 22 -159.7427 18.5222 89.5183 0.0000 0.0000 -0.238 -159.743 89.518 -1.533 38.16
XYP-M 23 -176.8787 18.2846 69.5403 0.0000 0.0000 7.208 -176.879 69.540 1.533 38.16
XYP-M 24 -166.9698 25.4927 24.3050 0.0000 0.0000 -15.900 -166.970 24.305 -1.533 38.16
XYP 25 -169.4261 9.59271 1.0043 0.0000 0.0000 -27.420 -169.426 1.004 -1.000
M 26 -167.5526 -17.8273 -15.0000 0.0000 0.0000 15.155 -167.553 -15.000 1.000
ASP 27 -176.3026 -2.6719 -30.0000 10.7093 10.7093 2.598 -176.303 -30.000 1.533 38.16
28 -177.8026 -0.0738 -30.0000 -4.1405 -4.1405 0.130 -177.803 -30.000 1.000
29 -177.8776 0.0561 -30.0000 -4.0044 -4.0044 1.732 -177.878 -30.000 1.707 20.05
30 -178.8776 1.7881 -30.0000 -9.5263 -9.5263 15.588 -178.878 -30.000 1.000
31 -187.8776 17.3766 -30.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 -187.878 -30.000 1.000

surface no. = 2
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = 2.499e-002 c4 = 3.465e-002 c6 = -1.814e-002 c8 = -7.509e-005
c10 = -2.182e-003 c11 = -1.018e-004 c13 = 9.694e-005 c15 = 1.502e-004 c17 = 4.519e-007
c19 = 3.969e-006 c21 = 5.198e-006 c22 = 8.783e-007 c24 = -2.788e-008 c26 = -2.953e-007
c28 = -1.116e-

surface no. = 3
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = -4.588e-003 c4 = 1.212e-004 c6 = -9.190e-003 c8 = -1.574e-005
c10 = -1.033e-005 c11 = 2.204e-006 c13 = 3.143e-006 c15 = -3.021e-006

surface no. = 4
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = -4.419e-002 c4 = 3.363e-002 c6 = -7.874e-003 c8 = -1.156e-004
c10 = 2.298e-003 c11 = -3.251e-005 c13 = -3.398e-005 c15 = -7.488e-005

surface no. = 5
SPH rdy = -3.227e + 001

surface no. = 6
SPH rdy = 6.561e + 001

surface no. = 7
SPH rdy = -1.223e + 001

surface no. = 8
SPH rdy = 3.801e + 001

surface no. = 9
SPH rdy = 3.067e + 001

surface no. = 10
SPH rdy = -1.870e + 001

surface no. = 11
SPH rdy = 1.870e + 001

surface no. = 12
SPH rdy = -3.067e + 001

surface no. = 13
SPH rdy = -3.801e + 001

surface no. = 14
SPH rdy = 1.223e + 001

surface no. = 15
SPH rdy = -6.561e + 001

surface no. = 16
SPH rdy = 3.227e + 001

surface no. = 17
SPH rdy = 1.000e + 018

surface no. = 18
SPH rdy = 4.127e + 001

surface no. = 19
SPH rdy = 3.922e + 001

surface no. = 20
SPH rdy = -2.865e + 001

surface no. = 21
ASP rdy = 2.320e + 001 a = 6.995e-006 b = 5.782e-008 c = -3.445e-010 d = -7.347e-012 e = 4.904e-014

surface no. = 22
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = 3.795e-002 c4 = 3.987e-002 c6 = 2.438e-002 c8 = -1.535e-003
c10 = 2.872e-003 c11 = 5.789e-004 c13 = -7.510e-004 c15 = 5.524e-004 c17 = 2.584e-005
c19 = 2.014e-004 c21 = -1.959e-004 c22 = -5.473e-006 c24 = 1.198e-005 c26 = -4.874e-005
c28 = 1.335e-005

surface no. = 23
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = 1.356e-002 c4 = 8.306e-003 c6 = 8.385e-003 c8 = -3.018e-004
c10 = 2.369e-004 c11 = -2.276e-006 c13 = 1.371e-005 c15 = -1.653e-006 c17 = 2.566e-007
c19 = 4.119e-007 c21 = 8.285e-008 c22 = -5.797e-009 c24 = 7.125e-008 c26 = -8.830e-008
c28 = -2.402e-008

surface no. = 24
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = 1.368e-002 c4 = -7.773e-003 c6 = -6.167e-004 c8 = -4.112e-004
c10 = 2.907e-004 c11 = -1.259e-005 c13 = 1.937e-005 c15 = 2.155e-006 c17 = -2.345e-007
c19 = 3.037e-008 c21 = 1.341e-007 c22 = 5.741e-008 c24 = 5.084e-008 c26 = -1.014e-007
c28 = -2.124e-008

surface no. = 25
XYP rdy = 1.000e + 018 c3 = -2.158e-003 c4 = 8.710e-003 c6 = 2.419e-002 c8 = -1.264e-003
c10 = 2.619e-003 c11 = -4.047e-004 c13 = -1.671e-004 c15 = -2.372e-004 c17 = -6.351e-006
c19 = 1.241e-007 c21 = 6.665e-006 c22 = -1.502e-006 c24 = 3.803e-006 c26 = 1.461e-006
c28 = 3.436e-007

surface no. = 26
SPH rdy = 1.000e + 018

surface no. = 27
ASP rdy = 1.071e + 001 a = -2.789e-004 b = -9.362e-005 c = 2.432e-005 d = -2.970e-006 e = 1.495e-030

surface no. = 28
SPH rdy = -4.140e + 000

surface no. = 29
SPH rdy = -4.004e + 000

surface no. = 35
SPH rdy = -9.526e + 000

In this numerical example, the exit pupil can be moved ± 2 mm in the horizontal direction and ± 1 mm in the vertical direction (the direction in which the eyepiece optical system 806 and the second scanning optical system 1001 approach each other is positive). At this time, the condensing optical system 802 moves by −0.2 to +2 mm (the direction in which the condensing optical system 802 approaches the light source unit 101 is positive).

  FIG. 22 shows the distortion change when the exit pupil moves in this numerical example. In addition, FIGS. 23 and 24 show lateral aberration diagrams at a movement distance of 0 mm, horizontal 2 mm, and vertical 1 mm of the exit pupil at wavelengths 486.13 nm, 587.56 nm, and 656.27 nm, respectively.

  Each embodiment described above is only a representative example, and various modifications and changes can be made to each embodiment in carrying out the present invention.

1 is an optical cross-sectional view of a scanning display apparatus that is Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of a scanning unit used in Embodiment 1. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the principle of movement of the exit pupil in the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a state of movement of an exit pupil in the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is an optical cross-sectional view of a scanning display device that is Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Explanatory drawing of the eyepiece optical system in Example 2. FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a state of movement of an exit pupil in the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is an optical cross-sectional view of a scanning display device that is Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining horizontal movement of an exit pupil in the third embodiment. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a scanning display device that is a modification of the third embodiment. FIG. 6 is an optical cross-sectional view of a modified example of Example 3. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a scanning display device that is Embodiment 3 of the present invention. 2 is an optical cross-sectional view of Numerical Example 1. FIG. The figure showing the change of distortion of numerical example 1. The lateral aberration diagram of Numerical Example 1 (pupil movement amount 0 mm). The lateral aberration diagram of Numerical Example 1 (pupil movement amount horizontal 4 mm). 9 is an optical cross-sectional view of Numerical example 2. FIG. The figure showing the change of distortion of Numerical example 2. The lateral aberration diagram of Numerical Example 2 (pupil movement amount 0 mm). The lateral aberration diagram of Numerical Example 2 (pupil movement amount horizontal 4 mm). FIG. 5 is an optical cross-sectional view of Numerical example 3. The figure showing the change of the distortion of Numerical example 3. The lateral aberration diagram of Numerical Example 3 (pupil movement amount 0 mm). The lateral aberration diagram of Numerical Example 3 (pupil movement amount horizontal 2 mm, vertical 1 mm).

Explanation of symbols

101 light source unit 102, 502, 802 condensing optical system 104 scanning unit 105, 505, 805, 1001 scanning optical system 106, 506, 806 eyepiece optical system 106c, 506b, 806b reflecting surface 107 exit pupil 108 observer's eye 109 pupil 110, 1005 Horizontal moving mechanism 201 Scanning device 202 Micro mirror 601 Image surface 1002 Reflecting surface 1003 Vertical moving mechanism

Claims (5)

A light source;
A scanning unit for scanning a light beam from the light source;
A scanning optical system for condensing the light beam from the scanning unit;
An eyepiece optical system for guiding a light beam from the scanning optical system to an exit pupil where an observer's eye is disposed;
The light beam traveling from the scanning optical system to the eyepiece optical system has telecentricity,
The eyepiece optical system has a first reflecting surface that reflects the light beam from the scanning optical system toward the exit pupil,
A first mechanism that allows the eyepiece optical system to move in a direction along a traveling direction of a light beam from the scanning optical system to the eyepiece optical system with respect to the scanning optical system and the scanning unit; A scanning display device.   The scanning display apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a movable optical system that moves an image point position of a light beam from the light source in accordance with the movement of the eyepiece optical system.   3. The scanning display device according to claim 1, wherein an emission direction of a light beam from the eyepiece optical system is unchanged regardless of the movement of the eyepiece optical system. Pupil detection means for detecting the position of the pupil of the eye;
4. The scanning display device according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit that operates the first mechanism in accordance with the position of the pupil detected by the pupil detection unit. 5. . The scanning optical system includes a first scanning optical system on which a light beam from the scanning unit is incident, and a second reflecting surface that reflects the light beam from the first scanning optical system toward the eyepiece optical system. A second scanning optical system,
The second scanning optical system, together with the eyepiece optical system, travels light flux from the first scanning optical system to the second scanning optical system with respect to the first scanning optical system and the scanning unit. 5. The scanning display device according to claim 1, further comprising a second mechanism that is movable in a direction along the direction.