JP5302723B2 - Vacuum valve - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vacuum valve constituting an arc extinguishing chamber of a vacuum circuit breaker that opens and closes an electric circuit, and more particularly to an electrode structure thereof.

FIG. 10 is a view showing an example of the configuration of a conventional vacuum valve, where (a) is a cross-sectional view and (b) is an exploded perspective view of an electrode portion. As shown in the figure, both ends of a cylindrical insulating container 21 are sealed with a fixed side end plate 22 and a movable side end plate 23, and a fixed electrode 25 fixed to a fixed electrode rod 24 is movable on the fixed side end plate 22. A movable electrode 28 fixed to a movable electrode rod 27 is attached to the side end plate 23 via a bellows 26. Both electrodes 25 and 28 are arranged opposite to each other so as to be able to contact and separate on the same axis, and the inside of the sealed container is kept at a vacuum of 10 ⁻² Pa or less. Further, an arc shield 29 is disposed so as to cover the inner wall surface of the insulating container 21 in order to prevent contamination by metal vapor generated at the time of opening. Energization is performed by bringing the contacts of both electrodes 25 and 28 into contact, and when an accident current occurs, the contacts are quickly opened, and high voltage and large current interruption is performed by excellent electrical insulation of vacuum.

  One of the electrode structures around the contacts of the vacuum valve is a longitudinal magnetic field electrode. The vacuum valve in FIG. 10 is an example employing a general longitudinal magnetic field electrode structure. Since the movable electrode 25 and the fixed electrode 28 are configured in the same manner, the movable electrode 28 will be described. As shown in (b), the movable electrode 28 includes a disk-shaped movable contact 30 and an annular shape that generates a longitudinal magnetic field. The movable coil electrode 31 and the reinforcing member 32 that reinforces the contact point are integrally fixed to the end of the movable electrode rod 27.

  The current flows from the movable contact 30 → the coil electrode joint 31 a → the coil electrode arc part 31 b → the coil electrode arm part 31 c → the movable electrode rod 27. At this time, since a circular current path is formed especially by the coil electrode arc portion 31b, an axial magnetic field (longitudinal magnetic field) of the vacuum valve is generated between both contacts, and an arc generated between the contacts is diffused. It is possible to prevent local contact melting and to increase the capacity of the vacuum valve (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  When the longitudinal magnetic field electrode as described above is employed, a temperature increase due to resistance heat generation becomes large because the energization path of the coil electrode is long, and therefore, heat countermeasures are important in increasing the capacity of the rated current. Thus, an electrode structure as shown in FIG. 11 is known as a technique for increasing the energization capacity by lowering the resistance of the energization section. According to this, pot bottom-shaped concave portions 33a, 34a are formed at the contact side end portions of the fixed rod 33 and the movable rod 34, and the coil reinforcement 35 made of a non-magnetic material along the inner diameter side of each of the concave portions 33a, 34a. Are fixed to each other, and coil portions 33b and 34b are formed in the end portions of the fixed rod 33 and the movable rod 34 in contact with the outer peripheral portion of the coil reinforcement 35 by machining in the form of a crank. 37 is joined. The electric current flows as shown by a one-dot chain line (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

JP 2006-164912 A (page 4-6, FIG. 3-4) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-057913 (page 4, FIG. 2)

Compared with the longitudinal magnetic field electrode structure as shown in Patent Document 1, the electrode structure of Patent Document 2 has the effect of shortening the current path and increasing the rated current. In order to form it, there is a problem that it is necessary to take a special process and the manufacturing cost becomes high. That is, in order to obtain the coil portions 33b and 34b of the electrode in FIG. 11, the coil reinforcement 35 is brazed once to the rods 33 and 34 in which the recess portions 33a and 34a are processed, and then only to the rods 33 and 34. The process of forming the coil portions 33b and 34b and the joint portions 33c and 34c (crank-type shape processing) is performed, and then the steps of brazing the contact points 36 and 37 are advanced 3 to obtain a crank shape. Dimensional machining and twice brazing are required.
In addition, it is necessary to thoroughly implement component surface accuracy and quality control after brazing so that the joint portions 33c and 34c and the coil reinforcement 35 are joined to the contact points 36 and 37 at the same time. Patent Document 2 discloses a different embodiment in which the coil portion and the rod are formed of different members. Even in this case, the manufacturing, assembly, and brazing are also complicated. is there.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum valve having a longitudinal magnetic field electrode with a large capacity at low cost.

The vacuum valve according to the present invention is a vacuum valve in which a pair of electrodes are arranged opposite to each other in a vacuum container, and each electrode has a plurality of L-shaped slits formed on the peripheral wall, and the peripheral wall has a plurality of coils. A cylindrical coil electrode divided into parts, a disk-shaped contact having the same outer diameter as the outer diameter of the coil electrode, and one end side of the coil electrode that is passed in the radial direction and It consists of a plate-shaped joining plate that connects the end and the contact, an electrode rod that is joined to the other end side of the coil electrode by being fitted to the inner periphery thereof, and a member that has a higher resistance than the coil electrode. comprising a cylindrical electrode support to which the other end is fixed is disposed inside the electrode end in contact Ru is fixed to the electrode rod, a contact, the bonding plate, supporting electrodes, and coil electrodes, and electrode rod are combined It is joined by brazing .

In the above structure, the electrode rod portion is constituted by a disc-shaped base electrodes to be joined are fitted to the inner peripheral portion of the coil electrode, an electrode rod that will be bonded to the base electrode, the contact, the bonding plate , Electrode supports, coil electrodes, base electrodes, and electrode rods are combined and joined by brazing .

According to the vacuum valve of the present invention, each electrode has a cylindrical coil electrode in which a plurality of L-shaped slits are formed in the peripheral wall and the peripheral wall is divided into a plurality of coil portions, and has the same outer diameter as the coil electrode. A disk-shaped contact having a large outer diameter, a plate-shaped joining plate that is passed in a radial direction on one end side of the coil electrode and connects the end of the coil portion and the contact, and other coil electrodes and the electrode rod which is joined to the end side is disposed inside the coil electrode and a cylindrical electrode support, one end of the other end is fixed to the contact Ru is fixed to the electrode rod by their combined by brazing Since they are joined , each member can be formed in a simple shape, so that the processing is easy. Also, the brazing operation at the time of assembling is possible only by fitting the members in order and brazing once. For this reason, the vacuum valve provided with the longitudinal magnetic field electrode which is excellent in assembling accuracy and can achieve cost reduction in parts manufacture and assembly can be obtained.

  In addition, since the electrode bar portion is composed of the base electrode that is fixedly fitted to the inner peripheral portion of the coil electrode and the electrode bar that is bonded to the base electrode, the electrode bar is secured while ensuring the necessary electrode area. Since an unnecessary increase in weight can be prevented, an increase in operating energy required to open and close the movable electrode portion can be suppressed, and the breaking capacity can be improved without increasing the size of the operating mechanism.

It is a perspective view which shows the electrode part of the vacuum valve by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a top view of FIG. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of FIG. 1. It is sectional drawing seen from the arrow AA of FIG.2 and FIG.3. It is a perspective view which shows the electrode part of the vacuum valve by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing seen from the arrow BB of FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the electrode part of the vacuum valve by Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the electrode part of the vacuum valve by Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the electrode part of the vacuum valve by Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the conventional vacuum valve. It is a block diagram which shows the other example of the electrode part of the conventional vacuum valve.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
Hereinafter, the vacuum valve according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 show the electrode structure of the vacuum valve of the first embodiment. The overall configuration of the vacuum valve is the same as that in FIG. 1 to 4 are portions corresponding to the fixed electrode 25 and the movable electrode 28 of FIG. However, since the fixed electrode and the movable electrode have basically the same shape, they are simply described as electrodes. In the following description, a portion corresponding to a portion where the electrode and the electrode rod (for example, reference numerals 24 and 25) in the case of FIG. 10 are combined is referred to as an “electrode”.

First, the components constituting the electrode of the vacuum valve of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the exploded perspective view of FIG. 3, the electrode is composed of a contact 1 made of a conductive member having a disk shape, and a joining made of an elongated conductive thin plate having a rectangular shape in plan view having a length almost the same as the diameter of the contact 1. A plate 2 and a conductive member having a cylindrical shape with the same outer diameter as the contact 1 are formed, and a plurality of L-shaped slits 3a and 3b (in the figure, two cases are shown) are formed in the circular arc portion of the peripheral wall. The coil electrode 3, the cylindrical electrode support 4 made of a material having higher resistance than the coil electrode 3, and the outer diameter of the coil electrode 3 made of a rod-shaped conductive member are fitted together. It is comprised with the electrode rod 5 in which the level | step-difference part 5a fitted together was formed.
The electrode support 4 has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the coil electrode 3 in order to be accommodated with a gap inside the coil electrode 3, and has a width of the bonding plate 2 on one end side of the bonding plate 2. A recess 4a deeper than the thickness is formed. As a material, a stainless steel material having higher resistance than the copper coil electrode 3 and nonmagnetic is desirable.

Next, assembly will be described.
First, the positional relationship at the time of the assembly of the joining plate 2 and the coil electrode 3 will be described. The length of the joining plate 2 is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the contact 1 (= the outer diameter of the coil electrode 3), and its corner C1 (see FIG. 3) is in the axial direction of the L-shaped slit 3a of the coil electrode 3. Similarly, the corner C2 of the joining plate 2 is matched with the corner C2 of the end extending in the axial direction of the L-shaped slit 3b of the coil electrode 3 in accordance with the corner C1 of the extended end. In this way, the joining plate 2 connects the end of one coil part and the contact 1 separated by the slit, and connects the end of the other coil part and the contact 1 to form a joining position. . When viewed from the plane, the relationship is as shown in FIG. Since both C1 and C2 are L-shaped slits and the corners of the joining plate 2, positioning can be performed easily.

4 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction indicated by the arrow AA in FIGS. 2 and 3, and will be described below with reference to FIG.
First, the assembly operation is performed by combining the contact 1 → the joining plate 2 → the electrode support 4 → the coil electrode 3 → the electrode bar 5 and the members in order while adding the brazing material to the joining portion.
The brazing operation is performed in a vacuum or an inert gas at a high temperature, and the brazing material is melted to join the parts. At this time (by brazing, the electrode support 4 is turned upside down from the figure). 5 are pressed against the contact 1 and the electrode rod 5 by their own weights. Further, the joining plate 2 is joined to the contact electrode 1 and the coil electrode 3 in a state of being sandwiched between the contact electrode 1 and the coil electrode 3 by its own weight. The inner periphery of the coil electrode 3 is fitted and joined to the outer periphery of the electrode rod 5. When the assembly is completed, the state shown in FIG. 1 is obtained.

As shown in FIG. 4, one end of the coil electrode 3 is joined to the joining plate 2 to form a current-carrying portion, and the other end is joined to the outer peripheral surface of the electrode rod 5. In addition, one end of the electrode support 4 is joined to the contact 1 and the other end is joined to the stepped portion 5 a of the electrode bar 5.
In other words, by simply stacking and brazing the members, the contact 1-joint plate 2-coil electrode 3 and the coil electrode 3 inner periphery-electrode bar 5 outer periphery are further contacted 1-electrode support 4-electrode. The rods 5 are combined and can be easily joined by brazing, and a high-quality longitudinal magnetic field electrode structure can be obtained by simple assembly and brazing management.

  Next, the operation will be described. In a vacuum valve in which the longitudinal magnetic field electrode is mounted as a fixed electrode and a movable electrode, the current flows from one electrode (for example, a fixed electrode) to the outer periphery of the electrode rod 5 → the constricted portion of the coil electrode 3 → the circumferential portion of the coil electrode 3 → Bonding plate 2 (this path has two paths with the other electrode flowing through two slits in coil electrode 3) → contact 1 through one contact (for example, movable electrode) → joining The plate 2 → the coil electrode 3 → the electrode rod 5 is energized. Here, since the electrode support 4 has a larger electric resistance than the coil electrode 3 made of a conductive member such as a copper material, an energization current hardly flows to the electrode support 4.

By providing the L-shaped slits 3a and 3b on the circumferential portion of the outer wall of the coil electrode 3, a circular energization path is formed as a whole. And an arc generated between the two contacts during the breaking operation is not concentrated in one place but is diffused over the entire facing surface of both contacts, so that the breaking performance is improved.
In the description so far, the case where two L-shaped slits of the coil electrode are provided has been described. In that case, although it is necessary to change the shape of a joining board, since it is a thin board member, it can manufacture easily by press work etc.

As described above, according to the vacuum valve of the first embodiment, each electrode has a cylindrical coil electrode in which a plurality of L-shaped slits are formed on the peripheral wall, and one end side of the coil electrode in the radial direction. Disc-shaped contact joined via a joining plate constituting the passing joining position, an electrode rod fitted and fixed to the inner periphery of the other end of the coil electrode, and higher resistance than the coil electrode Each member is a combination of simple shapes because it is composed of a cylindrical electrode support that is arranged inside the coil electrode, one end is fixed to the contact and the other end is fixed to the electrode rod. This makes it easy to work, and brazing work during assembly can be done by simply fitting each member in order and brazing once, thus reducing costs in parts manufacturing and assembly. Vacuum valve with longitudinal magnetic field electrode It is possible to obtain.
Further, since the current flows directly from the coil electrode to the outer periphery of the electrode rod, the current path can be shortened and the electric resistance is reduced, so that the capacity of the rated current can be increased.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of an electrode used in the vacuum valve according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof will be omitted, and differences will be mainly described. The overall configuration of the vacuum valve is the same as that shown in FIG.

  As a difference from the first embodiment, the electrode according to the present embodiment is constituted by a base electrode 6 and an electrode rod 7 in place of the electrode rod 5 of the first embodiment. The base electrode 6 and the electrode rod 7 are joined by brazing by fitting a convex portion formed on the tip side of the electrode rod 7 into a concave portion formed on the bottom surface side of the base electrode 6. On the base electrode 6, a coil portion formed by the contact 1, the joining plate 2, the coil electrode 3, and the electrode support 4, which is the same as in the first embodiment, is combined by brazing.

Next, the operation will be described. In general, in a longitudinal magnetic field electrode, the required minimum diameter is determined by the magnetic field intensity and diffusion area required for blocking. Therefore, if the diameter of the electrode rod that is the connection destination is made to be a thickness that matches the diameter of the longitudinal magnetic field electrode, the weight increases and the operating energy required to open and close the movable side electrode increases. Turn into. In addition, if the electrode diameter is large, the distance to the arc shield (see reference numeral 29 described in FIG. 10) is shortened, which impedes the withstand voltage performance. Therefore, if the outer diameter of the electrode rod is adjusted to the longitudinal magnetic field electrode diameter, the vacuum valve will become larger, or the breaking capacity of the device (breaking current, transient recovery voltage after breaking (related to the rated voltage)) will be limited. There is.
Therefore, in the longitudinal magnetic field electrode of the present embodiment, the base electrode 6 and the electrode rod 7 are configured as separate members, thereby reducing the diameter of the electrode rod 7 to the minimum necessary size.

As described above, according to the vacuum valve of the second embodiment, each electrode includes a cylindrical coil electrode in which a plurality of L-shaped slits are formed on the peripheral wall and a radial direction on one end side of the coil electrode. A disc-shaped contact joined via a joining plate constituting a passing joining position, a base electrode fitted and fixed to the inner periphery of the other end of the coil electrode, and joined to the base electrode And a cylindrical electrode support, which is made of a member having a higher resistance than the coil electrode, is disposed inside the coil electrode, and has one end fixed to the contact and the other end fixed to the base electrode. Therefore, both the withstand voltage performance and the breaking current can be improved, that is, the breaking capacity can be improved.
Further, since an unnecessary increase in the weight of the electrode rod can be prevented, an increase in operating energy necessary for opening and closing the movable side electrode portion is not caused, and the operating mechanism can be miniaturized.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of an electrode used in the vacuum valve according to the third embodiment. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof will be omitted, and differences will be mainly described. Further, the entire configuration of the vacuum valve is the same as that shown in FIG.
The difference from the first embodiment is the shape of the joining plate. The joint plate 8 of the present embodiment is the same as the joint plate 2 of the first embodiment in that the joint plate 8 is formed of an elongated conductive thin plate having a rectangular shape in plan view, which is approximately the same length as the diameter of the contact 1. The disk portion 8 a that fits the inner periphery of the electrode support 4 is integrally formed at the center portion. The joining plate 8 is brazed to the contact 1.

With such a configuration, since the joining plate 8 is attached to a wide range on the back surface of the contact 1, the heat capacity of the contact 1 is increased and the breaking performance can be improved. Even if it is a shape like the joining plate 8, since it can be easily manufactured by pressing, the manufacturing cost is not particularly increased as compared with the joining plate of the first embodiment.
Further, the bonding plate 8 can be similarly applied to the electrode of the vacuum valve of the second embodiment.

  As described above, according to the vacuum valve of the third embodiment, the joint plate is formed with the disk portion that fits the inner periphery of the electrode support at the center portion. In addition, the heat capacity of the contacts can be increased and the breaking performance can be improved.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an appearance of an electrode used in the vacuum valve according to the fourth embodiment. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof will be omitted, and differences will be mainly described. Further, the entire configuration of the vacuum valve is the same as that shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, a slit is added to the contact in the same electrode structure as in the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 8, the contact 9 of the present embodiment is formed with a plurality of slits 9a (four in the figure) from the outer peripheral side toward the center. The length of the slit 9a is set so that the slits do not interfere with each other. For example, as shown in the figure, the slit 9a is about ½ of the radius.
By providing the slit 9a in the contact 9, the path of eddy current generated in the contact 9 by the longitudinal magnetic field can be interrupted.
Note that the contact structure provided with slits in this embodiment can be similarly applied to the electrode in Embodiment 2 or 3.

  As described above, according to the vacuum valve according to the fourth embodiment, the contact that constitutes the electrode is formed with a plurality of slits extending from the outer peripheral side to the center, so that the eddy current generated at the contact by the longitudinal magnetic field is reduced. Since the path can be interrupted, the generation of eddy currents can be suppressed to suppress the heat generation of the contacts, and the rated current can be increased in capacity.

Embodiment 5 FIG.
FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view showing electrodes used in the vacuum valve according to the fifth embodiment. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof will be omitted, and differences will be mainly described. Further, the entire configuration of the vacuum valve is the same as that shown in FIG.

The difference from the first embodiment is the shape of the L-shaped slit formed in the coil electrode. As shown in FIG. 9, the coil electrode 10 of the present embodiment has the same inner diameter, outer diameter, and length as those of the first embodiment, but a plurality of strips formed on the peripheral wall (in the case of two strips in FIG. 9). The L-shaped slits 10a and 10b of FIG. 1 are inclined from the end of the cylindrical coil electrode 10 in the length direction of the coil electrode 10 toward the extending direction of the subsequent portion in the circumferential direction. ing.
That is, a portion from the end of the coil electrode 10 in the length direction of the coil electrode 10 is inclined toward the circumferentially extending side with a predetermined inclination angle θ with respect to the direction parallel to the axis. The inclination angle θ is naturally a value smaller than 90 degrees, and is preferably about 45 degrees as shown in the figure, for example.

Next, the operation will be described. In the longitudinal magnetic field electrode configured in this way, the current-carrying part 10c flowing from the electrode rod 5 to the coil electrode 10 and the joining part 10d with the joining plate 2 are arranged so as to be substantially overlapped in the axial direction. Since the number of locations where the circular path that is a current component that generates a magnetic field is interrupted is reduced, the number of locations where the generated longitudinal magnetic field is weak is reduced, and the uniformity of the longitudinal magnetic field is improved.
Note that the electrode structure having the inclined slit can be applied to any of Embodiments 1 to 4.

  As described above, according to the vacuum valve of the fifth embodiment, the L-shaped slit formed in the coil electrode has a portion extending in the circumferential direction from the end of the cylindrical coil electrode in the circumferential direction. Since it is tilted in the same direction as the heading part, the number of locations where the current path in the circumferential direction of the coil electrode is interrupted is reduced, the number of weak longitudinal magnetic fields is reduced, and the uniformity of the longitudinal magnetic field is improved. The interruption capacity can be improved.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,9 Contact 2,8 Joining plate 3,10 Coil electrode 3a, 3b, 10a, 10b L-shaped slit 4 Electrode support 4a Recessed part 5,7 Electrode rod 5a Step part 6 Base electrode 8a Disc part 9a Slit 10c Current supply part 10d joint.

Claims (5)

In a vacuum valve in which a pair of electrodes are arranged opposite to each other in a vacuum container,
Each of the electrodes includes a cylindrical coil electrode in which a plurality of L-shaped slits are formed on the peripheral wall and the peripheral wall is divided into a plurality of coil portions ,
A disc-shaped contact having an outer diameter of the same size as the outer diameter of the coil electrode ;
A plate-like joining plate that is passed in a radial direction on one end side of the coil electrode and connects the end of the coil portion and the contact;
The other end of the coil electrode, and the electrode rod that will be joined by fitting the inner peripheral portion thereof,
Wherein the coil electrode made from a high resistance member, and a cylindrical electrode support, one end of the other end is fixed to the contact Ru is fixed to the electrode bar is located inside the coil electrode,
A vacuum valve characterized in that the contact, the joining plate, the electrode support, the coil electrode, and the electrode rod are combined and joined by brazing . In a vacuum valve in which a pair of electrodes are arranged opposite to each other in a vacuum container,
Each of the electrodes includes a cylindrical coil electrode in which a plurality of L-shaped slits are formed on the peripheral wall and the peripheral wall is divided into a plurality of coil portions ,
A disc-shaped contact having an outer diameter of the same size as the outer diameter of the coil electrode ;
A plate-like joining plate that is passed in a radial direction on one end side of the coil electrode and connects the end of the coil portion and the contact;
The other end of the coil electrode, a disc-shaped base electrode that will be joined among fitted to the peripheral portion thereof,
And the electrode rod that will be bonded to the base electrode,
Wherein a coil electrode from the high-resistance member, and a cylindrical electrode support, which is arranged inside one end is the other end is fixed to the contact Ru is fixed to the base electrode of the coil electrode,
A vacuum valve , wherein the contact, the joining plate, the electrode support, the coil electrode, the base electrode, and the electrode rod are combined and joined by brazing . The vacuum valve according to claim 1 or 2,
The said joining board is a vacuum valve characterized by the disk part which fits the inner periphery of the said electrode support being formed in the center part. The vacuum valve according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A vacuum valve characterized in that a plurality of slits extending from the outer peripheral side toward the center are formed at the contact. The vacuum valve according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The L-shaped slit formed in the coil electrode is inclined toward the extending direction of the portion extending in the circumferential direction from the end portion of the cylindrical coil electrode toward the length direction of the coil electrode. A vacuum valve characterized by