JP5295528B2 - Detachment device for attached parts - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an attaching/detaching device of an accessory component, which facilitates to perform attaching/detaching work of the accessory component with water supplied continuously, and whose geometry can be defined freely without enlarging the device for attaching/detaching. <P>SOLUTION: This device is provided with a valve casing 10 of a division structure for water-tightly covering confronting surfaces of a flange 5 on a fluid pipe 1 side and a flange on an accessory component side, a valve element 11 arranged on the valve casing 10 and capable of being inserted between the confronting surfaces of the flanges, a pressing part 12 disposed on the valve casing 10 and pressing the valve element 11 to the flange 5 on the fluid pipe 1 side, a water stop body 25 inserted into a branch part 4 and stopping water of the blanch part 4, and an attachment casing body 14 having the water stop body 25 inserted therein and communicated with the valve casing 10 and detachably attached. A flange body 13 interposed between the attachment body 14 and the valve casing 10 is detachably attached to the valve casing 10. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an attachment / detachment apparatus for an attachment part that attaches / detaches an attachment part connected through a flange at a branch portion of a fluid pipe in an undisturbed state of water.

  Conventionally, when accessories such as an air valve and a repair valve connected to a branch portion of an existing pipe via a flange are detached from the fluid pipe for replacement or maintenance, the accessory parts are removed from the fluid pipe. When removing, a large amount of fluid in the pipe flows out due to water pressure etc., so the flow of fluid in the fluid pipe to which the accessory is connected is blocked, and the bolt that connects the flanges is inserted and removed to remove the accessory. Was. In addition, when replacing accessory parts connected to a branch part in an uninterrupted state, the branch part is covered from the outside including the accessory part with a sealed case, and attached to the flange of the branch part from the outside of the sealed case. A work valve that partitions the inside of the sealed case is used to press the parts and replace the attached parts (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 3533276 (page 3, FIG. 3)

  However, in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to stand a relatively large sealed case with respect to the branch portion and the attached parts so as not to leak, and the connection of the flange of the branch portion is released from the operation window. There is a problem that the work is skillful and the entire apparatus is increased in size because the work valve for the sealed case is provided.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems, and can freely determine the shape and dimensions without increasing the size of the apparatus for detachment, and facilitates attachment / detachment of accessory parts in an unrestricted state of water. It is an object of the present invention to provide an attachment / detachment device for an accessory that can be performed in the above manner.

In order to solve the above problem, an attachment / detachment device for an accessory according to claim 1 of the present invention provides:
An attachment / detachment device for an attachment for attaching / detaching an attachment connected through a flange at a branch portion of a fluid pipe in an undisturbed state of water,
A valve housing having a split structure provided with a cylindrical portion that covers the outer periphery and the opposed surfaces of both flanges of the flange on the fluid pipe side and the flange on the accessory part in a water-tight manner;
A valve body that is disposed in the valve housing and can be inserted between opposing surfaces of the two flanges;
A pressing portion that is provided in the valve housing and presses the valve body toward the flange on the fluid pipe side;
A water stop body inserted into the branch portion to stop the branch portion;
An attachment housing that is pierced and detachably attached to the valve housing;
With
A flange body interposed between the mounting housing and the valve housing is detachably attached to the outer periphery of the tubular portion of the valve housing.
According to this feature, after removing the accessory part, the cylindrical part of the valve housing that covers the outer periphery and the opposing surface of both flanges of the flange on the fluid pipe side and the flange on the accessory part water-tightly, Since the mounting housing with a water blocking body penetrated can be mounted on the outer periphery of the cylinder of the valve housing via the flange body, the shape of the mounting housing is independent of the relative position of the accessory and the flange on the fluid pipe side. The dimensions can be freely determined, and attachment / detachment of the accessory parts can be easily performed in an undisturbed state of water.

An attachment / detachment device for an accessory according to claim 2 of the present invention is the attachment / detachment device for an accessory according to claim 1,
The flange body has a larger diameter than the flange on the fluid pipe side.
According to this feature, it is possible to secure a large space for accommodating the waterstop body in the mounting housing attached via the flange body formed to have a larger diameter than the flange on the fluid pipe side.

The attachment / detachment device for an accessory part according to claim 3 of the present invention is the attachment / detachment device for an accessory part according to claim 1 or 2,
The flange body is formed of an integral flange that can be inserted into the valve housing.
According to this feature, not only the number of components of the flange body can be suppressed to make it easy to configure the detachable device, but also the flange body consisting of only the integral flange can be easily attached only by being inserted into the valve housing.

An attachment / detachment apparatus for an accessory part according to claim 4 of the present invention is the attachment / detachment apparatus for an accessory part according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The flange body and the valve housing are provided with a pair of engaging portions for engaging the two bodies with each other.
According to this feature, since both bodies can be engaged by the pair of engaging portions provided on the flange body and the valve housing, it is possible to prevent both bodies from coming off.

An attachment / detachment device for an accessory according to claim 5 of the present invention is the attachment / detachment device for an accessory according to claim 4,
The pair of engaging portions includes a concave groove formed in a circumferential direction on one outer peripheral surface of the flange body and the valve housing, and the other circumference of the two bodies so as to be fitted in the concave groove. It is characterized by comprising a bolt screwed into the surface.
According to this feature, not only can the pair of engaging portions be simply configured by the recessed groove and the bolt, but the flange body and the valve housing can be reliably engaged by fitting the bolt into the recessed groove.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1 is a front view showing a fluid pipe to which a repair valve and an air valve as accessory parts are connected. FIG. 2 is a front view showing the fluid pipe with the air valve removed. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the valve housing and the flange body. Fig.4 (a) is a top view which shows the partial cross section of a valve housing | casing, (b) is a side view like (a). FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the valve housing is attached to the flange. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the repair valve is removed. Fig.7 (a) is a top view of a flange body, (b) is a side view which shows a partial cross section similarly to (a). FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which the flange body and the mounting housing are attached. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a water stop state by the water stop body. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the valve housing and the like are removed. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where a repair valve is newly connected. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the waterstop is pulled up into the housing case. FIG. 13 is a front view showing a fluid pipe to which a repair valve and an air valve are newly connected.

  FIG. 1 shows a fluid pipe 1 through which clean water to which the present invention is applied, a repair valve 2 as an attached accessory attached thereto, and an air valve 7 connected to the repair valve 2. . The repair valve 2 has a flange 2a on the accessory part side provided at the lower end and is joined to the upper outer peripheral surface of the fluid pipe 1 and is provided at the upper end of the branch pipe 4 as an upward branch. The two flanges 2 a and 5 are joined by a plurality of existing bolts 3 while facing each other via a sheet packing (not shown).

  The air valve 7 is mainly composed of a valve box 7a having an air hole and a float (not shown) accommodated in the valve box 7a, and the inside of the valve box 7a is further connected via the repair valve 2 and the branch pipe 4. The fluid pipe 1 communicates with the inside of the fluid pipe 1 so that the air in the fluid pipe 1 is discharged to the outside or the outside air can be taken into the fluid pipe 1 by the float that is vertically displaced according to the water level in the fluid pipe 1. It is made up.

  The repair valve 2 has a rotating valve 2c that rotates so as to be openable and closable inside the valve box 2b (see FIG. 5). In normal times, the rotating valve 2c is open and the air valve 7 and the fluid pipe 1 are open. However, when the air valve 7 is inspected or replaced, the rotary valve 2c is closed so that the air valve 7 can be removed. Further, the valve box 2b and the flange 2a are located relatively close to each other.

  In the following, the removal of the existing accessory parts and the attachment of the new accessory parts in the continuous water state will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 2, after turning the handle 2d of the repair valve 2 to close the rotary valve 2c in the valve box 2b, the bolts that connected the repair valve 2 and the air valve 7 Remove the nut 8 and remove the air valve 7. Subsequently, one of the plurality of existing bolts 3 connecting the flange 5 of the branch pipe 4 and the flange 2a of the repair valve 2 is removed, and a work bolt 9 is attached instead. By repeating this operation, all the existing bolts 3 are replaced with new work bolts 9. By doing in this way, the removal operation | work of the work volt | bolt 9 at the time of valve housing 10 attachment mentioned later becomes easy (refer FIG. 5). Although the fluid pipe 1 is filled with clean water and has an internal pressure, even if one of the plurality of existing bolts 3 is temporarily removed, the other bolts 3 and 9 cause the fluid pipe 1 to There is no water leaking from the outside.

  Next, as described later, an attachment / detachment device for an accessory part is disposed on the outer peripheral surface side of the fluid pipe 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the detaching apparatus includes a split casing valve housing 10 that covers the space between the flange 5 of the branch pipe 4 and the flange 2 a of the repair valve 2 in a watertight manner, and the valve casing 10. And a valve body 11 that can be inserted between the opposing surfaces of both flanges 2a and 5. Further, pressing bolts 12 as pressing portions that press the valve body 11 toward the flange 5 of the branch pipe 4 are respectively screwed and provided at a total of three positions spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the valve housing 10. It has been. Further, a flange body 13 interposed between the mounting housing 14 and the valve housing 10 to be mounted as described later is formed to be detachable from the valve housing 10.

  As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the valve housing 10 will be described in detail. The valve housing 10 has a two-divided structure connected by bolts and nuts 19 and includes both flanges 2a and 5a. And a receiving portion 10b for receiving the valve body 11 so that the valve body 11 can be inserted into and removed from the cylindrical portion 10a through the opening 10c, and extends over the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 10a. A waterproof member 15 having elasticity is disposed. The valve body 11 has a flat surface that can cover the opening of the flange 5 over the entire surface, and the lower surface of the valve body 11 that contacts the upper surface 5a of the flange 5 is formed of a waterproof member such as rubber. Moreover, the operation handle 11a connected to the valve body 11 protrudes outside from the end surface of the accommodating part 10b. Further, a drain valve 38 is disposed on the upper surface of the accommodating portion 10b so that water in the accommodating portion 10b can be drained.

  Next, the attachment of the valve housing 10 to the flanges 2a and 5 will be described. The valve body 11 is accommodated in the accommodating portion 10b, and the tip of the pressing bolt 12 is located outward from the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 10a. In the screwed state, the waterproof member 15 disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 10a is brought into close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the flanges 2a and 5 in the circumferential direction, and a valve is provided between the opposing surfaces of the flanges 2a and 5. The valve housing 10 is attached to the flanges 2a and 5 at a height position where the body 11 can be inserted. Positioning of the valve housing 10 with respect to the flanges 2a and 5 is possible by appropriately screwing the bolt 20 screwed in the vertical direction into the lower portion of the cylindrical portion 10a. By mounting in this manner, the opposing surfaces of the flanges 2a and 5 are covered with the valve housing 10 in a watertight manner.

  Subsequently, the work bolt 9 that water-tightly connects the flanges 2a and 5 is loosened, and the repair valve 2 is moved upward with respect to the flange 5 so that a slight gap is formed between the opposing surfaces of the flanges 2a and 5. Float on. At this time, since the space between the opposing surfaces of both flanges 2a and 5 is covered with the waterproof member 15 in the circumferential direction, water in the fluid pipe 1 leaks from between the opposing surfaces of both flanges 2a and 5. There is no.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the valve body 11 is fitted between the opposing surfaces of both flanges 2 a and 5 in which a gap is formed, using an operation handle 11 a. At this time, the guide bolt 21 screwed into the accommodating portion 10b is screwed in appropriately, the height position of the tip of the valve body 11 is adjusted, and the valve body 11 is guided between the opposing surfaces of both flanges 2a and 5. it can.

  After inserting the valve body 11, the pressing bolt 12 is screwed inward in the radial direction of the cylindrical portion 10a. The tip of the pressing bolt 12 has a tapered tapered surface 12a. As the pressing bolt 12 is screwed inward, the upper surface of the valve body 11 is gradually pressed downward by the tapered surface 12a of the pressing bolt 12. (Refer to the dotted-line box in the figure). By this action, the lower surface of the valve body made of a waterproof member and the upper surface 5a of the flange 5 are in close contact with each other, and the opening of the flange 5 of the valve body 11 is covered with the valve body 11 in a watertight manner.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the work bolt 9 is removed and the repair valve 2 is removed. At this time, since the opening of the flange 5 is covered with the valve body 11 in a watertight manner, the water in the fluid pipe 1 does not leak from the opening of the flange 5.

  Then, the flange body 13 is inserted into the cylindrical portion 10 a of the valve housing 10 whose upper side is opened by removing the repair valve 2. As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the flange body 13 is formed of an integral flange that can be fitted into the valve housing 10 and has an inner diameter that is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 10a. In addition, it has a larger diameter than the flange 5. A packing 16 is disposed in a groove formed on the inner peripheral surface of the flange body 13. Further, the valve housing 10 and the flange body 13 have a groove 10d formed in the circumferential direction at the upper part of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 10a, and the circumferential direction of the flange body 13 so as to be fitted in the groove 10d. A pair of engaging portions each including a plurality of bolts 17 screwed in the radial direction are provided at predetermined intervals. The flange body 13 is fitted and inserted into the cylindrical portion 10a of the valve housing 10, and the bolts 17 are screwed and fitted into the concave groove 10d to engage the bodies 10 and 13.

  Thus, not only the number of components of the flange body 13 can be suppressed to make it easy to configure the detachable device, but also the flange body 13 consisting of only the integral flange can be easily attached only by being inserted into the valve housing 10.

  Moreover, since both the bodies 10 and 13 can be engaged by the concave grooves 10d and the bolts 17 as a pair of engaging portions provided in the flange body 13 and the valve housing 10 in this way, It can prevent that both the bodies 10 and 13 remove | deviate.

  Further, in this way, the pair of engaging portions can be simply constituted by the concave groove 10d and the bolt 17, and the flange body 13 and the valve housing 10 can be securely connected by fitting the bolt 17 into the concave groove 10d. Can be engaged.

  As shown in FIG. 8, a mounting housing 14 that houses a waterstop body 25 that is inserted into the branch pipe 4 and stops the branch pipe 4 as described later, on the upper surface of the flange body 13 engaged with the valve housing 10. Are attached with bolts and nuts 18. A packing 22 is disposed in a groove formed on the upper surface of the flange body 13, and the flange body 13 and the mounting housing 14 are connected in a watertight manner.

  As described above, a large space for accommodating the water stop body 25 can be secured inside the mounting housing 14 that is attached via the flange body 13 that has a larger diameter than the flange 5.

  Next, the water stop body 25 will be described in detail. The water stop body 25 penetrates through the cylindrical elastic body 26 and the center of the elastic body 26 and rotates the handle 31 attached to the upper end. A spindle 28 for extending and retracting the shaft 28 in a radial direction, a handle 32 at the upper end of the spindle 28, and a sleeve 29 having a support 35 for the elastic body 26 on the lower side, and a handle 33 at the upper end of the sleeve 29. And a pipe 30 provided with a pressing body 34 capable of pressing the upper portion of the elastic body 26 downward at the lower end.

  The handle 31, the handle 32, and the handle 33 are detachably attached to the spindle 28, the sleeve 29, and the pipe 30, respectively, and the spindle 28, the sleeve 29, and the pipe 30 are watertight with respect to the mounting housing 14. It is attached.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the valve body 11 is housed in the housing portion 10 b so that the opening of the flange 5 is opened, and the water stop body 25 is fixed to the inside of the branch pipe 4 using the handle 32 of the sleeve 29. Then, the handle 31 of the spindle 28 is rotated, and the engaging body 27 at the lower end of the spindle 28 is extended in the radial direction to be engaged with the inner peripheral surface of the fluid pipe 1 at the branch port of the branch pipe 4. In this state, the handle 32 of the sleeve 29 is held and fixed, the handle 33 of the pipe 30 is rotated, and the support body 35 holding the elastic body 26 and the pressing body 34 are moved relative to each other. It is deformed by pressing and expanding in the radial direction, and the inside of the branch pipe 4 is shielded to be in a water stop state.

  Next, the handles 31 to 33 are detached from the spindle 28, the sleeve 29, and the pipe 30, respectively, and a stopper (not shown) for fixing the pipe 30 is fixed to the upper end of the sleeve 29, and the expanded state of the elastic body 26 is maintained. . In this state, as shown in FIG. 10, the mounting housing 14, the flange body 13, and the valve housing 10 are sequentially removed from the flange 5.

  At this time, in the state shown in FIG. 10, after inspecting, cleaning, and repairing the exposed upper surface 5a of the flange 5 of the branch pipe 4, it can be attached to the repair valve as will be described later, thus ensuring water-stopping. can do.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 11, a new repair valve 42 and a housing case 36 as accessory parts are inserted into the spindle 28, the sleeve 29 and the pipe 30, and the flange 42 a of the repair valve 42 and the flange 5 of the branch pipe 4 are connected. The bolts and nuts 43 are connected in a watertight manner. The repair valve 42 has almost the same specifications as the existing repair valve 2. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 12, the housing case 36 is connected to the upper portion of the repair valve 42 by bolts and nuts 37.

  After the repair valve 42 and the storage case 36 are attached, the handles 31 to 33 are attached again to the spindle 28, the sleeve 29, and the pipe 30, and the handle 33 of the pipe 30 is operated while the handle 32 of the sleeve 29 is supported to operate the elastic body. 26, the diameter of the engaging body 27 is reduced by operating the spindle 28 to release the engagement with the inner peripheral surface of the fluid pipe 1 at the branch port of the branch pipe 4, and as shown in FIG. 25 is pulled up to the inside of the housing case 36.

  Next, the rotation valve 42c of the repair valve 42 is rotated and closed by the handle 42d, and the housing case 36 and the water stop body 25 are removed. Finally, as shown in FIG. 13, an air valve 47 is attached to the upper side of the repair valve 42 with bolts and nuts 48. The air valve 47 is configured with substantially the same specifications as the existing air valve 7. By turning the handle 42d of the repair valve 42 to open the repair valve 42, the air valve 47 and the fluid pipe 1 communicate with each other, and a new repair valve 42 and an air valve 47 are connected as accessory parts. Is completed. It should be noted that the attachment / detachment of the attached parts can be converted to a new repair valve 42 or air valve 47, and the existing repair valve 2 or air valve 7 can be inspected and maintained, and these can be reattached.

  As described above, after the repair valve 2 is removed, the mounting housing 14 through which the water blocking body 25 is penetrated can be attached to the valve housing 10 via the flange body 13. More specifically, regardless of the relative position to the flange 5, more specifically, the shape and size of the mounting housing 14 can be freely determined regardless of the position of the valve box 2b provided relatively close to both the flanges 2a and 5. It is possible to easily attach and detach the accessory parts in the continuous water condition.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and modifications and additions within the scope of the present invention are included in the present invention. It is.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the fluid flowing through the fluid pipe 1 is clean water, but, for example, sewage may flow through the fluid pipe, or oils, gases, or the like may flow through the fluid pipe.

  Moreover, in the said Example, although the repair valves 2 and 42 are shown as an accessory, if an accessory is connected to a fluid pipe | tube via a connection part, for example, an air valve, a pressure gauge, or Instruments such as a flow meter may be used.

  Moreover, in the said Example, as a pair of engaging part which engages the flange body 13 and the valve housing | casing 10, in the groove | channel 10d provided in the outer peripheral surface of the valve housing | casing 10, and the peripheral surface of the flange body 13 Although the bolt 17 screwed is shown, for example, a concave groove may be provided in the flange body, and a bolt that fits into the concave groove may be provided in the valve housing. Further, the pair of engaging portions is not necessarily limited to the concave groove and the bolt, and may be a bolt and a nut, for example.

  Furthermore, in the said Example, although the flange body 13 consists of an integral flange, and is formed larger diameter than the flange 5 by the side of the fluid pipe 1, for example, a flange body has two or more bodies which have a division structure These flanges may be formed, or may be formed to have substantially the same diameter as the flange 5 or a small diameter.

  Moreover, in the said Example, although the press volt | bolt 12 is shown as a press part, a recessed groove is provided in the inner peripheral surface of a valve housing | casing along the circumferential direction, for example, The edge part of the valve body 11 is provided in this recessed groove And the valve body 11 may be pressed toward the flange 5 by the inner wall of the groove to be moved downward with respect to the flange 5 by screwing the bolt 20 as a pressing portion. Further, for example, the cylindrical portion 10a of the valve housing 10 is provided with a vertical bolt as a pressing portion, an insulator member is disposed at the tip of the bolt, and the lever member is pressed by screwing the bolt. You may make it press the valve body 11 toward the flange 5 with an action point.

It is a front view which shows the fluid pipe | tube with which the repair valve and air valve as an accessory were connected. It is a front view which shows the fluid pipe | tube which removed the air valve. It is a perspective view which shows a valve housing and a flange body. (A) is a top view which shows the partial cross section of a valve housing | casing, (b) is a side view like (a). It is sectional drawing which shows the state which attached the valve housing | casing to the flange. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which removed the repair valve. (A) is a top view of a flange body, (b) is a side view which shows a partial cross section similarly to (a). It is sectional drawing which shows the state which attached the flange body and the attachment housing | casing. It is sectional drawing which shows the water stop state by a water stop body. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which removed the valve housing etc. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which connected the repair valve newly. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which pulled up the water stop body in the storage case. It is a front view which shows the fluid pipe | tube which the repair valve and the air valve newly connected.

Explanation of symbols

1 Fluid pipe 2 Repair valve (accessory part)
2a Flange (Flange on the accessory side)
4 Branch pipe (branch part)
5 Flange (Flange on the fluid pipe side)
7 Air valve 10 Valve housing 10d Groove (engagement part)
11 Valve body 12 Pressing bolt (Pressing part)
13 Flange body 14 Mounting housing 15 Waterproof member 17 Bolt (engagement portion)
25 Water stop body 26 Elastic body 36 Housing case 42 Repair valve (accessory part)
42a Flange (Flange on the accessory part side)
47 Air valve

Claims (5)

An attachment / detachment device for an attachment for attaching / detaching an attachment connected through a flange at a branch portion of a fluid pipe in an undisturbed state of water,
A valve housing having a split structure provided with a cylindrical portion that covers the outer periphery and the opposed surfaces of both flanges of the flange on the fluid pipe side and the flange on the accessory part in a water-tight manner;
A valve body that is disposed in the valve housing and can be inserted between opposing surfaces of the two flanges;
A pressing portion that is provided in the valve housing and presses the valve body toward the flange on the fluid pipe side;
A water stop body inserted into the branch portion to stop the branch portion;
An attachment housing that is pierced and detachably attached to the valve housing;
With
An attachment / detachment device for an accessory part, wherein a flange body interposed between the attachment housing and the valve housing is detachably attached to an outer periphery of the cylindrical portion of the valve housing.   The attachment / detachment apparatus for accessory parts according to claim 1, wherein the flange body has a larger diameter than the flange on the fluid pipe side.   The attachment / detachment device for accessory parts according to claim 1, wherein the flange body is formed of an integral flange that can be fitted into the valve housing.   The attachment / detachment device for accessory parts according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the flange body and the valve housing are provided with a pair of engaging portions for engaging the two bodies with each other. .   The pair of engaging portions includes a concave groove formed in a circumferential direction on one outer peripheral surface of the flange body and the valve housing, and the other circumference of the two bodies so as to be fitted in the concave groove. The attachment / detachment device for accessory parts according to claim 4, comprising: a bolt screwed into the surface.

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