JP5286837B2 - A straw conditioner and self-removing combine. - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a straw conditioner for creasing straw. In addition, the present invention relates to a self-removing combine equipped with this straw conditioner.

  At present, an annual amount of 9.29 million tons of rice straw is produced domestically, and it is attracting attention to use it as a raw material for bioenergy and feed. However, there is a reality that about 78% of rice straw is treated as “incineration / others”. This is due to the fact that the proportion of rice straw that has been finely cut and dropped to the field has become difficult due to the spread of combine, and it has become difficult to collect, and it has become difficult to secure human resources to collect rice straw due to the aging of farmers. This can be cited as a cause.

  In order to solve this problem, for example, there is a device that binds and releases rice straw, but recovery of the bound rice straw is still dependent on human hands. In addition, although a method for bagging finely cut rice straw has been studied, there are problems such as bag filling efficiency and collection of filled bags, which are not widespread.

  On the other hand, it may be possible to collect rice straw using a pasture collection machine. However, it was difficult to collect rice straw that had been finely cut, and if the rice straw was kept straight, it could not be collected efficiently due to the increased contact area with the field. Furthermore, even if the straw is not cut, efficient collection was not possible if it was scattered over a wide area.

JP 58-134908 A

  The purpose of the present invention is to collect straws efficiently by using a grass collecting machine, etc., so that the straws can be damaged and creased, and the straws are prevented from being scattered and deposited easily. The present invention provides a conditioner for use and a self-removing combine equipped with this conditioner for straw.

In order to solve the above problem, a straw conditioner for making a crease in the straw,
A conditioning arm on which the straw is struck, and a pair of star wheels that rotate in the same direction about the same axis for striking the conditioning arm, and the conditioning arm is a space between the pair of star wheels. The straw conditioner is arranged so as to penetrate through.

In this straw conditioner, a pair of rotating star wheels strike the straw against the conditioning arm, so that the straw can be damaged and creased.
In addition, since the conditioning arm is disposed so as to penetrate the space between the pair of star wheels, the straw is damaged and creased, and then the straw is bent greatly as the pair of star wheels rotates. In addition, the folded straw is prevented from being scattered and the straw is easily deposited. Because straw is softer than grass, it is easy to fold and this makes it possible to crease the straw without fail.
The straw is held in the troughs of each of the pair of star wheels and supported in an erected state, and is struck against the conditioning arm as the star wheel rotates.

  The conditioning arm may be a straw conditioner having a protrusion on the side facing the axis of the pair of star wheels.

 This makes it easier to crease the straw, for example, the straw catches on the protrusion. The straw is directly struck to the side of the conditioning arm that faces the axis of the pair of star wheels.

  At this time, it is preferable that the protrusion is a straw conditioner that is located in a space between the pair of star wheels.

  This makes it easier for the straw to be caught by the protrusions, making it easier to crease the straw.

  The straw conditioner may be provided with auxiliary conditioning arms on both outer sides of the pair of star wheels.

  As a result, both ends of the straw are struck against the auxiliary conditioning arm, making it easier to make many folds on the straw. The auxiliary conditioning arm is preferably arranged substantially parallel to the conditioning arm.

  A pair of star wheels may be a straw conditioner having 2 to 15 wings that are equally allocated in the circumferential direction.

  This increases the valley between the wings of the star foil, making it easier to hold the straw between the valleys of the pair of star wheels, so that the straw can be stably struck against the conditioning arm. It becomes easy to make a crease.

  It is also possible to provide a straw conditioner that is provided with anti-scattering means that extends downward from the rear end of the conditioning arm and prevents the creased straw from splashing backward.

  This makes it easier to collect straws by preventing the straws from scattering and facilitating the accumulation.

  A straw conditioner having a grass collecting plate below the scattering preventing means may be used.

  This makes it easier to deposit the straw thicker, making it easier to collect the straw.

  It can also be set as the conditioner for straw provided with the power unit for rotating a pair of star wheels.

A self-removable combine that includes any of the above-described straw conditioners and creases and discharges the waste can be used.
Specifically, a mowing unit for harvesting rice, a threshing unit for threshing the harvested rice, a waste transporting unit for transporting threshed waste, and a waste processing unit for processing waste discharged by the waste transporting unit. It is a self-removable combine that includes a straw processing unit, the waste processing unit is configured with any one of the above-described straw conditioners, and the waste is creased and discharged.

  This makes it possible in a series of steps from harvesting to straw conditioning. At this time, it is preferable to provide an interlocking mechanism for interlocking the drive source of the self-removable combine with the pair of star wheels so as to obtain power for rotating the pair of star wheels from the self-removable combine.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a conditioner for straw and a self-removable combiner equipped with the conditioner for straw, which can damage and crease the straw and prevent the straw from scattering and easily deposit. it can.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1-9 is a figure for demonstrating the conditioner for straws, FIG. 10 is a side view of a self-removable combine.
First, the straw conditioner of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a straw conditioner as viewed from the rear left side, FIG. 2 is a left side view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a front view thereof. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the cross section taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 3 as viewed from the direction of the arrow, and FIG. 5 is a view showing a state in which the straw conditioner is used. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of another example of the straw conditioner as seen from the rear left side. In FIGS. 1 and 6, a conveyor for feeding straw into the straw conditioner is indicated by a two-dot chain line.
On the other hand, FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the presence or absence of protrusions in the conditioning arm and the damage ratio of straw, FIG. 8 is a photograph showing star foil, and FIG. 9 is the number of wings of star foil and straw. It is a graph which shows the relationship with the damage ratio.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and the like, the straw conditioner 11 of this embodiment includes a pair of star wheels 2R and 2L and a conditioning arm 3, and further includes two auxiliary conditioning arms 4R and 4L. Also provided are a stop arm 5 as scattering preventing means and an electric motor 7 as a power unit.

[Starfoil]
The star wheels 2R and 2L strike a straw against a conditioning arm 3 and auxiliary conditioning arms 4R and 4L, which will be described later, and are configured as a pair of left and right. In this example, the pair of star wheels 2R and 2L share the rotating shaft 20, and thereby rotate in the same direction at the same speed.

  The pair of star wheels 2R and 2L have the same shape and size, and are rotating shafts that are pivotally supported by the airframe 8 in a state in which the wings 21 and the valleys 22 have the same orientation. It is fixed to 20. In the present embodiment, each of the pair of star wheels 2R and 2L has five wings 21 that are equally allocated in the circumferential direction.

It is preferable that the star foils 2R and 2L have a shape with a wide interval between adjacent wings, which can be obtained by thinning the wings of 2 × n star foils to make n wings. This makes it easier to crease the straw.
Further, the number of wings of the star wheels 2R and 2L is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 to 15. If the number of wings is 2 or more, many straws can be processed. On the other hand, if the number of wings is 15 or less, the straw is easily damaged, and the straw is less likely to be entangled with the star foil or the shaft. The number of wings of the star foils 2R and 2L is more preferably 2 to 10, and most preferably 2 to 6.

  The straw is held in the trough 22 of each of the pair of star wheels 2R, 2L and supported in an erected state, and is struck against the conditioning arm (described later) as the star wheels 2R, 2L are rotated by an electric motor (described later). It is done. The pair of star wheels 2R and 2L rotate in a direction to scoop up the straw, and hit the straw against the conditioning arm.

The distance between the pair of star wheels 2R, 2L is not particularly limited as long as it is within a range in which a straw can be supported in a erected state in each trough 22.
Of course, wider spacing than the length of the conditioned straw should be avoided. Moreover, even if it is the space | interval which can support a straw in the construction state, when it is too wide, it becomes difficult to make a crease in a straw. Considering this point, the distance between the pair of star wheels 2R, 2L is preferably 500 mm or less.

[Conditioning arm]
The conditioning arm 3 is a target on which the straw is struck by the pair of star wheels 2R and 2L described above, and extends between the pair of star wheels 2R and 2L on the rotary shaft 20 and extends in the straw transport direction. It is a rod-shaped body arranged. The conditioning arm 3 is disposed so as to extend in a direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft 20 of the pair of star wheels 2R, 2L.

  In this example, the conditioning arm 3 has a reverse T-shaped longitudinal section provided with a reinforcing bar 35 on the back side of the main body plate 31, and is curled with the tip side, which is a side for receiving straw, facing upward. . In the conditioning arm 3, the flat portion on the front side facing the rotation shaft 20 of the star wheels 2 </ b> R and 2 </ b> L is a hit surface 310 (see FIG. 4) on which the straw is struck. A triangular protrusion 32 protruding downward is attached to the hit surface 310 at a substantially central portion in the length direction.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, a stop arm 5 as a scattering preventing means is attached to the rear end of the conditioning arm 3 so as to extend downward. The stop arm 5 is fixed to a U-shaped two-stage mounting frame 81 provided so as to protrude from the rear part of the body 8. In this state, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the conditioning arm 3 penetrates the space between the pair of star wheels 2R and 2L. Specifically, in the conditioning arm 3, the hit surface 310 penetrates the space between the pair of star wheels 2R and 2L. The space between the pair of star wheels 2R and 2L refers to a cylindrical space region in which the circular trajectories are the left and right surfaces when the pair of star wheels 2R and 2L rotate. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the hit surface 310 is located slightly on the inner peripheral side with respect to the bottom of the valley portion 22 of the star wheels 2 </ b> R and 2 </ b> L.
Further, the protrusion 32 of the hit surface 310 is also located in the space between the pair of star wheels 2R and 2L. Further, the protrusion 32 of the hit surface 310 has its tip located on the inner peripheral side from the bottom of the valley 22 of the star wheels 2R, 2L, which makes it easier for the straw to be caught on the protrusion 32. It is easier to crease the straw.

[Auxiliary conditioning arm]
As shown in FIG. 1 and the like, the auxiliary conditioning arms 4R and 4L are also rod-like bodies to be struck by a pair of star wheels 2R and 2L, like the conditioning arm 3. However, it differs greatly from the conditioning arm 3 in that it is disposed on the left and right outer sides of the pair of star wheels 2R, 2L.

  In this example, the auxiliary conditioning arms 4R, 4L have a T-shaped vertical cross section provided with hitting bars 43R, 43L on the flat portion on the front side facing the rotation axis of the star wheels 2R, 2L. Like the conditioning arm 3, the tip side, which is the side that receives the straw, is curled upward. The auxiliary conditioning arms 4R and 4L are disposed substantially parallel to the conditioning arm 3. The auxiliary conditioning arms 4R, 4L are struck by straw against the side edges 430 (see FIG. 2) of the hitting bars 43R, 43L.

  On the other hand, like the conditioning arm 3, auxiliary stop arms 5R and 5L are attached to the rear ends of the auxiliary conditioning arms 4R and 4L so as to extend downward. The auxiliary stop arms 5R and 5L are fixed to a U-shaped two-stage mounting frame 81 provided so as to protrude from the rear part of the body 8. In this state, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the auxiliary conditioning arms 4R and 4L are respectively disposed on the left and right outer sides of the pair of star wheels 2R and 2L, and the left and right sides of the pair of star wheels 2R and 2L. It is easy to make a crease in the straw by penetrating the space located on both sides. Specifically, the side edge portions 430 of the hitting bars 43R and 43L penetrate the spaces located on the left and right sides of the star wheels 2R and 2L, respectively.

[Power equipment]
The electric motor 7 that is a power device rotates the pair of star wheels 2 </ b> R and 2 </ b> L, and is installed in the lower part of the body 8. A drive pulley 71 is fixed to the rotating shaft of the electric motor 7, and the output of the electric motor 7 is transmitted to the driven pulley 25 fixed to the rotating shaft 20 of the pair of star wheels 2R and 2L by the winding belt 72. A pair of star wheels 2R, 2L is configured to rotate. In addition, you may provide the mechanism which transmits the motive power from the outside to a rotating shaft, without providing power apparatuses, such as the electric motor 7. FIG.

[How to use the straw conditioner]
A procedure for making a crease in the straw S using the straw conditioner 11 having the above configuration will be described as an example. First, a switch (not shown) of the electric motor 7 is turned on to rotate the pair of star wheels 2R and 2L.
Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the straw S is put into the straw conditioner 11 by a conveying means such as a conveyor C. At this time, the straw S is introduced in parallel with the direction of the rotating shaft 20 as the axis of the pair of star wheels 2R and 2L. That is, the conveyor C is installed so that the conveying direction of the conveyor C is perpendicular to the direction of the rotation shaft 20 of the pair of star wheels 2R, 2L, and the straws S are arranged so as to be perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor C. The direction of the rotating shaft 20 of the pair of star wheels 2R, 2L and the longitudinal direction of the straw S are made substantially parallel. Further, at this time, it is preferable that the straw S is introduced from a position near the lower side of the conditioning arm 3 and as close as possible to the pair of rotating star wheels 2R and 2L.
When the straw S is thrown in, the straw moves and is held in the valley portion 22 of the pair of rotating star wheels 2R, 2L, and the left and right sides of the straw S are supported and are in a erected state. Since the pair of star wheels 2R and 2L rotate in the direction of scooping up the straw S, the straw S is struck by the central conditioning arm 3 and the left and right auxiliary conditioning arms 4R and 4L, and is damaged. Bends.
The folded straw S is largely bent as the pair of star wheels are rotated, and then blocked by the conditioning arm 3 and the left and right auxiliary conditioning arms 4R and 4L, and the stop arm 5 and the auxiliary stop arms 5R and 5L. Thus, it falls and deposits without scattering.

Here, as in a straw conditioner 12 of another example shown in FIG. 6, the grass collecting means is located below the stop arm 5 as the scattering prevention means and at a position where the straw falling from the stop arm 5 can be received. The grass collecting plate 6 may be provided. In this embodiment, the grass collecting plate 6 is provided obliquely below the stop arm 5.
Further, the grass collecting plate 6 has a shape that is squeezed downward, that is, a shape in which the exit width is narrower than the entrance width, and this makes it easier to deposit the folded straw S thickly. As the grass collecting plate 6, for example, one having an exit width corresponding to the amount of falling straw can be used. The bent straw falls on the grass collecting plate 6 without being scattered by being blocked by the stop arm 5 or the like, and is thickly deposited on the exit side.
Instead of the grass collecting plate 6, for example, a grass collecting hopper may be provided.

[Experiment 1: Regarding the presence or absence of protrusions on the conditioning arm]
The straw conditioners 11 and 12 have the projection 32 on the conditioning arm 3, and the effectiveness was tested.
The straw conditioner was based on the above-mentioned straw conditioner 11, a star wheel having an outermost diameter of 335 mm and having five wings, and the distance between the pair of star wheels was set to 120 mm. In addition, a triangle-shaped projection with a height of about 15 mm was prepared on the conditioning arm, and a projection having no projection was prepared, and the two were compared. Moreover, the rotation speed of the star wheel was changed at 116 to 460 rpm, and the test was performed under each condition.
The rice straw used was “Omachikane”. The average moisture content was 23.6% and the average cocoon length was 80.2 cm.
Then, after placing 200 g of rice straw on a conveyor at a width of 30 cm, the conveyor was operated at a speed of 0.56 cm / s, and the rice straw was conveyed to a straw conditioner. Ten rice straws were randomly extracted from the rice straw that had been struck by the conditioning arm, and the number of wounds (number of folds) was visually confirmed. At each number of rotations, the ratio of the given number of scratches (1 to 3 places) was determined, and this was used as the damage ratio.

  The experimental results are shown in FIG. It can be seen that the use of the conditioning arm having the protrusion can stably make many scratches (folds) from the low rotational speed to the high rotational speed as compared with the case where the conditioning arm is not.

[Experiment 2: Number of wings of star foil]
Next, a test was conducted on the relationship between the number of wings of the star wheels 2R and 2L and the number of scratches on the straw. As shown in FIG. 8, a star foil having 10 wings and a star wheel having 5 wings were prepared, and a comparative test was performed. The star foil having five wings is obtained by thinning the wings of a star foil having 10 wings to form five wings, and the interval between adjacent wings is wide. The other conditions were the same as those in the test for the presence / absence of the protrusions, and those having protrusions 32 were used.

  The experimental results are shown in FIG. It can be seen that the starfoil having 5 wings has more scratches (folds) on the rice straw as compared with the one having 10 wings. In addition, although not shown, the star foil having five wings had less rice straw entangled with the star foil and the shaft than the one having 10 wings.

  Finally, the self-removing combine equipped with the straw conditioner of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The self-removing combine 9 usually includes a harvesting part 91 for harvesting rice, a rice transporting part (92) for transporting the harvested rice, a threshing part 93 for threshing the rice transported by the rice transporting part, and a threshed part A waste transport unit (92) that transports the waste straw and a waste processing unit 94 that processes the waste transported by the waste transport unit. As shown in FIG. 10, the rice transport unit and the waste transport unit are often shared as a transport unit 92 using a single long conveyor.

  In general, the waste processing unit 94 cuts the waste with a cutter or drops the waste with a dropper at regular intervals. The self-removing combine of the present invention uses the above-described straw conditioner of the present invention for the waste treatment unit 94. Specifically, for example, the straw is connected so that the direction of the axis (rotary axis) of the pair of star wheels is parallel to the waste discharged from the waste transport unit (transport unit 92). The straw conditioner of the present invention is attached to the self-removable combine 9 so that it can be introduced from the position near the lower side of the conditioning arm and as close as possible to the pair of rotating star wheels.

  At this time, the power conditioner may be attached to the straw conditioner itself, but an interlocking mechanism that links the drive source of the self-removable combine 9 and the pair of star wheels is provided to rotate the pair of star wheels. It is preferable to obtain power from the combine.

  Although the present invention has been described above with reference to specific embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and claims attached to the application of the present application by those skilled in the art or the like. Various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the pair of star wheels are fixed to the same rotating shaft. However, the present invention is not limited to this and may be fixed to different rotating shafts. At this time, the respective rotation axes are provided on the same straight line (on the axis) so that the pair of star wheels rotate about the same axis. Further, the pair of star wheels are configured to rotate in the same direction and at the same speed.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the auxiliary conditioning arm was made into the longitudinal cross-section T shape provided with the hit | damage crosspiece in the front side, it is not limited to this, A reinforcement crosspiece is provided in the back side like a conditioning arm. You may make it the longitudinal cross-section provided with the reverse T-shape. At this time, like the conditioning arm, a triangular protrusion protruding downward may be provided at the substantially central portion in the length direction on the front side.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the rod-shaped stop arm was used as a scattering prevention means, it is not limited to this, You may use the plate-shaped stop plate extended below from the rear-end part of a conditioning arm.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, although two star foils were used, it is not limited to this, You may use two or more star foils. In this case, the number of conditioning arms is attached according to the number of star wheels.

It is the perspective view which looked at the conditioner for straws from the left rear. It is a left view of the conditioner for straws of FIG. It is a front view of the conditioner for straws of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ of FIG. 3 as viewed from the direction of the arrow. It is a figure which shows a mode that the conditioner for straws of FIG. 1 is used. It is the perspective view which looked at the conditioner for straws of another example from the left rear. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the presence or absence of the protrusion in a conditioning arm, and the damage ratio of straw. It is a photograph which shows a star foil. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the number of the wings of a star foil, and the damage ratio of straw. It is a side view of a self-removable combine.

Explanation of symbols

11,12 Straw conditioner

2R, 2L star foil
20 Axis of rotation (axis)
21 Habe
22 Tanibe

3 Conditioning arm
32 Protrusions

4R, 4L Auxiliary conditioning arm 5 Stop arm (scattering prevention means)
5R, 5L Auxiliary stop arm 6 Grass collecting plate 7 Electric motor (power unit)
8 Airframe

9 Self-detaching combine S Straw C Conveyor

Claims (9)

A straw conditioner to crease the straw,
A conditioning arm to which the straw is struck,
A pair of star wheels that rotate in the same direction around the same axis to strike the conditioning arm with straw;
With
The conditioning arm is
Disposed so as to penetrate the space between the pair of star wheels,
Conditioner for straw. Conditioning arm
Having a protrusion on the side facing the axis of the pair of star wheels,
The straw conditioner according to claim 1. The protrusion is
Located in the space between a pair of star wheels,
The straw conditioner according to claim 2. On the outside of a pair of star wheels,
Each with an auxiliary conditioning arm,
The straw conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A pair of star wheels
Having 2 to 15 wings arranged and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction,
The straw conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 4. Extending downward from the rear end of the conditioning arm,
With anti-scattering means to prevent the creased straw from splashing backwards,
The straw conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 5. Equipped with a dust collecting board below the anti-scattering means,
The straw conditioner according to claim 6. Equipped with a power unit for rotating a pair of star wheels,
The straw conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 7. A self-removable combine comprising the straw conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the waste is creased and discharged.