JP5280189B2 - Blood treatment equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a blood processor capable of removing an unevenness and a twist of a hollow fiber membrane at an end of a housing and a break of a bundle of hollow fiber membranes. <P>SOLUTION: In a blood processor (1), a housing (2) has a large-diameter section (2.2) formed through a shift section (2.3) on a small-diameter section (2.1) and both ends of a small-diameter section (2.1) along the longitudinal direction, and the shift section (2.3) is mounted closer to a blood outlet port (5.2) of the housing (2) than to the center (C2) of an inlet port (7.1) of a dialyzing fluid, and a through-hole (12) communicates from a proximity of the inlet port (7.1) of a dialyzing fluid to the inside of the housing (2) and it is formed in proximity to the inlet port (7.1) of the dialyzing fluid, and the through-hole (12) is opened to a direction of the blood outlet port (5.2) of the housing (2). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a blood processing apparatus used for hemodialysis and hemodiafiltration, which relates to an improvement of a blood processing apparatus in which a hollow fiber membrane is loaded inside a housing, and to a blood processing apparatus having an improved housing shape and structure.

The blood treatment apparatus is equipped with a dialysate port (two locations, an inlet and an outlet) at the end of the housing in the radial (circumferential) direction, and dialysate enters the housing from the dialysate port inlet (also referred to as “inlet”). Has been introduced.
However, when the flow of the dialysate directly collides with the hollow fiber membrane, the hollow fiber membrane is damaged. To avoid this, an obstacle member is disposed at a position corresponding to the dialysate port inlet of the housing. ing. The following invention is disclosed as the obstruction member.

In Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-350781, abstract, paragraph [0014], FIG. 3 and FIG. 4), the base end is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the casing, and the tip is the opening of the casing. A baffle plate (3) is provided, and the baffle plate has a length that allows the tip to reach the resin layer portion (fixing material), and is spaced apart from the inner wall of the casing by a predetermined distance (and a dialysate injection port (and An invention is disclosed that is formed in the shape of a tongue covering the outlet) and can prevent the hollow fiber from being fixed to the baffle plate during production.
In the baffle plate (3), a resin composition flow guide groove (14) is formed at a base end portion, and the baffle plate is prevented from diffusing when the resin composition is injected into the casing. It is described that a plurality of jetties (13) are formed on the wall surface of the plate facing the dialysate inlet.

In Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-116134, abstract, paragraph [0011], FIGS. 2 to 4), the baffle plate (41) has a base end fixed to the inner surface of the casing (2). The protrusion (42) projecting toward the hollow fiber bundle (5) side is provided on the inner surface of the baffle plate (41) with the tip portion extending toward the opening end of the casing (2). (41) formed from one side of the width direction to the other side, so that even if the resin liquid scoops up, the buffer plate and a part of the hollow fiber bundle are not fixed, and damage to the hollow fiber membrane is avoided. A possible invention is disclosed.
In Patent Document 2, the baffle plate (41) is formed on the entire circumference of the casing (2).

  Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-7180, claims, FIGS. 2 to 5) describes a doorway formed in the vicinity of both ends of a casing, a space formed by a hollow fiber membrane bundle outer wall and a casing inner wall. The hollow fiber membrane filter having a (second) flow path is provided with an obstacle that blocks the flow of fluid in the circumferential direction of the hollow fiber membrane bundle in the (second) flow path. A comb-like collar provided on the cylindrical casing. Accordingly, an invention is disclosed in which the flow pressure loss is not greatly increased and the flow does not damage the hollow fiber membrane.

  In Patent Document 4 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-154772, Summary, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4), a baffle cylinder having a slit extending in a direction oblique to the cylinder axis of the casing cylinder is included in the partition wall. An invention is disclosed in which the partition member can be prevented from being peeled off or detached from the casing cylinder.

JP 2000-350781 A (Summary, paragraph [0014], FIG. 3, FIG. 4) JP 2006-116134 A (Abstract, paragraph [0011], FIGS. 2 to 4) Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2006-7180 (Claims, FIGS. 2 to 5) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-154772 (Summary, FIGS. 3 and 4)

The problems to be solved by the present invention are as follows:
In the blood processing apparatus having a baffle plate described in Patent Document 1 to Patent Document 4, the constricted portion (transition portion) of the housing is disposed closer to the blood port inlet direction of the housing than the center of the dialysate port inlet. Therefore, the degree of freedom of the hollow fiber membrane at the ends of the housing (both) is large, and there are cases where the end of the hollow fiber membrane is biased, twisted, and closely contacts the inner wall of the housing.
In Patent Document 1, the tip portion of the “tongue piece” (baffle plate) reaches the resin layer portion (also referred to as a fixing member), so that the dialysate injected from the injection port hits the baffle plate and is dispersed in the left-right direction. However, when the dialysate flows into the hollow fiber membrane region, it is not uniform and there is a concern that the flow rate is likely to be uneven.
In Patent Document 2, the baffle plate (41) is formed on the entire circumference. For this reason, since the dialysate injected from the inlet flows into the hollow fiber membrane region so as to bypass the baffle plate, when the dialysate flows into the hollow fiber membrane, it is not uniform and the flow rate is uneven. There is a concern that it is easy to do.
In addition, air easily accumulates in the space between the inner peripheral wall surface of the transition portion (also referred to as the constriction portion) from the small diameter portion of the housing or the inner peripheral wall surface of the large diameter portion and the outer peripheral wall surface of the entire baffle plate, The accumulated air is difficult to escape.
In the “comb tooth-shaped collar” of Patent Document 3 and the “baffle cylinder having a slit” of Patent Document 4, when the hollow fiber membrane is inserted into the housing, the hollow fiber membrane is “tooth-shaped collar”, “ In the worst case, the hollow fiber membrane may be damaged. In addition, the dialysate flows preferentially from the gaps and slits of the teeth, and the dialysate does not uniformly flow into the hollow fiber membrane region.

Therefore, as a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventor has invented a new housing shape and structure, so that the baffle plate is not intentionally arranged as in Patent Documents 1 to 4. However, the inventors have reached an invention that can solve the problems of the inventions described in Patent Documents 1 to 4.
[1] In the present invention, the hollow fiber membrane (4) is disposed in the housing (2) along the length direction of the housing (2),
The hollow fiber membrane (4) end is fixed to the inner surface of the housing (2) end by a fixing material (3),
A blood port inlet (5.1) and a blood port outlet (5.2) are attached to both ends in the length direction of the housing (2),
A dialysate port inlet (7.1) and a dialysate port outlet (7.2) are attached to the end of the housing (2) in the cross-sectional direction intersecting the length direction,
The housing (2) has a small diameter part (2.1) along the length direction and a large diameter part (2...) Via a transition part (2.3) at both ends of the small diameter part (2.1). 2),
The transition part (2.3) is closer to the blood port outlet (5.2) of the housing (2) than the center (C2) of the dialysate port inlet (7.1) and the housing ( 2) along the cross-sectional direction intersecting the length direction ,
A through-hole (12) communicating from the vicinity of the dialysate port inlet (7.1) to the inside of the housing (2) is formed in the vicinity of the dialysate port inlet (7.1). , Opening in the direction of the blood port outlet (5.2) of the housing (2) ,
The starting point of the transition section (2.3) of the housing (2) and (2.3P), wherein said blood port outlet (5 of the opening of the dialysate port inlet (7.1) (7.11) .2) The line (L) connecting the end portions (7P) in the direction is formed so as to substantially overlap the end portion in the blood port outlet (5.2) direction of the small diameter portion (2.1) . A blood processing apparatus (1) is provided.
[ 2 ] The present invention relates to the inner diameter (D1) of the end portion in the blood port outlet (5.2) direction of the small diameter portion (2.1) and the inner diameter (D2) of the large diameter portion (2.2). Difference: The blood processing apparatus (1) according to [1], in which (ΔD) is formed from 4 mm to 8 mm.
[ 3 ] In the present invention, the through hole (12) has at least an opening cross section substantially equal to or larger than the opening cross section of the dialysate port (7), and the blood port outlet (5.2 of the open cross section). The blood processing apparatus (1) according to [1] or [2] , wherein the opening angle θ in the direction) is 0 ° to 45 °.

[3] The present invention relates to the inner diameter (D1) of the end of the small diameter portion (2.1) in the direction of the blood port outlet (5.2) and the inner diameter (D2) of the large diameter portion (2.2). Difference: The blood processing apparatus (1) according to [1] or [2], in which (ΔD) is formed from 4 mm to 8 mm.
[4] In the present invention, the through-hole (12) has at least an opening cross section substantially equal to or larger than the opening cross section of the dialysate port (7), and the blood port outlet (5.2 of the open cross section). The blood processing apparatus (1) according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the opening angle θ in the) direction is formed from 0 ° to 45 °.

The blood processing apparatus of the present invention comprises:
[1] <First feature> “The housing 2 has a small diameter portion 2.1 along the length direction and a large diameter portion 2.2 at both ends of the small diameter portion 2.1 via a transition portion 2.3. The transition portion 2.3 is located in the blood port outlet 5.2 direction of the housing 2 relative to the center C2 of the dialysate port inlet 7.1 " The degree of freedom of the hollow fiber membrane 4 can be limited at the (both) end portions of the housing 2 as compared with the conventional case, and the hollow fiber membrane 4 can be arranged at the center of the housing 2. The conventional hollow fiber membrane can be prevented from being biased and twisted at the end of the housing, and the bundle cracking of the hollow fiber membrane bundle.

[2] In addition to the above <first feature>, “<second feature> a through-hole 12 communicating with the inside of the housing 2 from the vicinity of the dialysate port inlet 7.1 is formed. 2 ”and“ <Third Feature> Starting Point 2.3P of Transition Section 2.3 of Housing 2 and Opening of Dialysate Port Inlet 7.1 ” The line L connecting the end portion 7P in the blood port outlet 5.2 direction of the portion 7.11 is formed so as to substantially overlap the end portion in the blood port outlet 5.2 direction of the small diameter portion 2.1. ”, It is possible to ensure fluidity (equivalent to flowing dialysate uniformly in the direction of the hollow fiber membrane) equivalent to or better than these without providing an all-around baffle plate as in Patent Document 2. Can contribute to performance improvement.
[3] A simpler shape and better air escape compared to Patent Document 2 [As in Patent Document 2, the inner peripheral wall surface of the transition portion (also referred to as a constricted portion) from the small diameter portion to the large diameter portion of the housing There is no space between the inner peripheral wall surface of the large-diameter portion and the outer peripheral wall surface of the entire baffle plate], and turbulent air flow and poor visual appearance can be improved.
[4] Unevenness of hollow fiber membrane bundle and cracking of hollow fiber membrane bundle can be improved, and blood fluidity, residual blood and blood coagulation can be improved.
[5] Since the hollow fiber membrane bundle is easy to insert, as in Patent Documents 1 and 2 (baffle plate), Patent Document 3 (comb tooth-shaped collar), 4 (baffle plate slit), During the insertion process, there is no factor that may cause the hollow fiber membrane bundle to be caught, so that workability is improved and the hollow fiber membrane is not damaged.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view (overall side view) of a blood processing apparatus 1 according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are partially enlarged cross-sectional views of the blood processing apparatus 1 according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram (partially enlarged cross-sectional view) showing the flow of dialysate, FIG. 6 is a view taken along arrow A ′ in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged plan view in the vicinity of (A) dialysate port inlet 7.1. FIG. 7B is a partially enlarged view of FIG.
In the present invention, the length direction of the housing 2 is referred to as a first direction X, and the cross section (crossing) direction intersecting the first direction X is referred to as a second direction Y. The housing 2 has a center C1 extending in the first direction X in the second direction Y.
In the first direction X, the direction in which the blood port inlet 5.1 is mounted is described as a first X1 direction, and the direction in which the blood port outlet 5.2 is mounted is described as a first X2 direction.
In the second direction Y, the direction in which the dialysate port inlet 7.1 and dialysate port outlet 7.2 are attached is the second Y1 direction, and the dialysate port inlet 7.1 and dialysate port outlet 7.2 are attached. The direction opposite to the second Y1 direction and approximately 180 ° is referred to as the second Y2 direction.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hollow fiber membrane 4 is disposed in the housing 2 along the first direction X of the housing 2, and the end of the hollow fiber membrane 4 is fixed to the inner surface of the end of the housing 2 by the fixing material 3. It is fixed to.
Blood inlet port 5.1 and blood port outlet 5.2 are attached to both ends of housing 2 in the first direction X, and dialysate port inlet 7.1 and dialysis are attached to the end of housing 2 in the second direction Y. The liquid port outlet 7.2 is installed.
The housing 2 has a small-diameter portion 2.1 along the first direction X and a large-diameter portion 2.2 formed at both ends of the small-diameter portion 2.1 via a transition portion 2.3.

The first feature of the present invention is that, as illustrated in FIGS. 2, 3, and 5, the transition portion 2.3 is located in the first X2 direction of the housing 2 rather than the center C2 of the dialysate port inlet 7.1. It is a point that is arranged closer.
By arranging the transition part 2.3 in this way, a blood processing apparatus having a known baffle plate (the transition part 2.3 is located in the first X1 direction of the housing relative to the center C2 of the dialysate port inlet 7.1). The length of the small-diameter portion 2.1 in the first direction X can be made longer, and the length of the large-diameter portion 2.2 can be shortened and the volume can be reduced.
The movement of the hollow fiber membrane 4 loaded in the housing 2 is regulated by the long small diameter portion 2.1, and the clearance (gap) between the end portion of the hollow fiber membrane 4 and the inner wall surface of the large diameter portion 2.2 is reduced.
Therefore, the degree of freedom of the hollow fiber membrane 4 loaded in the housing 2 can be limited at the (both) end portions of the housing 2 as compared with the conventional case, and the hollow fiber membrane 4 can be arranged at the center of the housing 2. . The bias of the hollow fiber membrane 4 at the end of the conventional housing, twisting, and cracking of the hollow fiber membrane bundle can be eliminated.

Further, by arranging the transition portion 2.3 in this way, the dialysate flowing in from the dialysate port inlet 7.1 is bypassed in the same manner as the baffle plate (cylinder) described in the known patent documents 1 to 4. The function of guiding in the direction of the hollow fiber membrane 4 can be achieved.
The second feature of the present invention is that a through-hole 12 communicating from the vicinity of the dialysate port inlet 7.1 to the inside of the housing 2 is formed in the vicinity of the dialysate port inlet 7.1. This is a point that the housing 2 opens toward the first X2 direction. The through-hole 12 can perform the function of guiding the dialysate uniformly toward the hollow fiber membrane 4 together with the transition portion 2.3.

The third feature of the present invention is that the start point 2.3P of the transition portion 2.3 of the housing 2 and the end portion 7P on the first X2 direction side of the opening 7.11 of the dialysate port inlet 7.1 are provided. The connected line L is a point formed so as to substantially overlap the end portion of the small diameter portion 2.1 in the first X2 direction.
By forming in this way, the wall surface of the small-diameter portion 2.1 facing the dialysate port inlet 7.1 in the first X2 direction appropriately protrudes in the vicinity of the dialysate port inlet 7.1 and the transition portion 2. 3 is located closer to the first X2 direction, the dialysate flowing in from the dialysate port inlet 7.1 is directly connected to the baffle plate (cylinder) described in Patent Documents 1 to 4 directly. The function of preventing collision with the hollow fiber membrane 4 can be achieved, and the dialysate flowing from the dialysate port inlet 7.1 is moved in the second Y2 direction (the wall on the opposite side of the dialysate port inlet 7.1). Can be bypassed.

The term “substantially overlaps” the line L and the end portion of the small diameter portion 2.1 in the first X2 direction means that the line L is the end of the small diameter portion 2.1 in the first X2 direction. This means that it may be slightly displaced in the first X2 direction from the portion, and may be slightly displaced in the first X1 direction.
The case where the position slightly deviates in the first X2 direction means that the distance (distance) between the line L and the end portion of the fixing member 3 in the first X1 direction: d is allowed to approach 2 mm at the maximum. If it exceeds 2 mm, the space between the line L and the end portion of the fixing material 3 in the X2 direction becomes too narrow, and the dialysate flowing in from the dialysate port inlet 7.1 is difficult to flow in the second Y2 direction. Absent.
The case where the line L is shifted in the X1 direction means that the clearance between the end of the line L and the small diameter portion 2.1 in the first X2 direction is allowed to be 1 to 2 mm.
If the clearance is too large (exceeding 2 mm), the dialysate flowing in from the dialysate port inlet 7.1 directly increases the chance of colliding with the hollow fiber membrane 4, which is not preferable.

Further, the difference between the inner diameter D1 of the end portion of the small diameter portion 2.1 and the inner diameter D2 of the large diameter portion 2.2 (the inner diameter in the vicinity of the first X1 direction end portion of the fixing member 3): ΔD is formed from 4 mm to 8 mm. . If ΔD is too small (less than 4 mm), the hollow fiber membrane 4 tends to stick to the inner wall surface of the housing 2, which is not preferable.
On the other hand, if ΔD is too large (exceeding 8 mm), the space becomes large, dead space DS is formed, and the dialysate tends to stay in DS, which is not preferable.
The through-hole 12 has at least the same opening cross section as that of the dialysate port inlet 7.1. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 7, the opening cross section is formed so as to expand in the first X2 direction of the housing 2. The opening angle θ is preferably formed from 0 ° to 45 °. If the opening angle θ is too large (greater than 45 °), the flow of the dialysate directly hits the hollow fiber membrane 4 and does not flow in the second Y2 direction (the detour direction).

As illustrated in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the blood processing apparatus 1 of the present invention, when dialysate flows from the dialysate port inlet 7.1 into the hollow fiber membrane 4 region, It flows into the housing 2 through the mouth 12.
The dialysate is sequentially passed from the through-hole 12 to the opposite side of the dialysate port inlet 7.1 along the outer periphery of the transition portion 2.3 while sequentially bypassing the outer periphery of the transition portion 2.3. It flows in the direction of the membrane 4 region. More specifically, the dialysate sequentially flows in the direction of the hollow fiber membrane 4 region from the middle of the transition portion 2.3, and bypasses the transition portion 2.3 to the end and flows in the direction of the hollow fiber membrane 4 region. To do.
As described above, in the blood processing apparatus 1 of the present invention, the dialysate can flow into the hollow fiber membrane 4 region almost uniformly.

  The shape and structure of the blood processing apparatus 1 of the present application described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7 and each of these members are not limited to those described above. In short, slight changes that can achieve the effects of the present invention are as follows. ,Permissible.

Schematic of the blood processing apparatus 1 of the present invention (overall side view) Partially enlarged sectional view of blood processing apparatus 1 of the present invention Partially enlarged sectional view of blood processing apparatus 1 of the present invention A view of arrow A in FIG. Schematic showing the flow of dialysate (partially enlarged sectional view) A 'arrow view of FIG. (A) Enlarged plan view of the vicinity of dialysate port inlet 7.1, (B) Partial enlarged view of (A)

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Blood processing apparatus 2 Housing 2.1 Small diameter part 2.2 Large diameter part 2.3 Transition part (constriction part of housing 2)
2.3P Transition point start point 3 Fixing material 4 Hollow fiber membrane 5.1 Blood port inlet 5.2 Blood port outlet 7.1 Dialysate port inlet 7.11 (dialysate port inlet) opening 7P End of opening 7.2 Dialysate port outlet 12 Through port

Claims (3)

A hollow fiber membrane (4) is disposed inside the housing (2) along the length direction of the housing (2),
The hollow fiber membrane (4) end is fixed to the inner surface of the housing (2) end by a fixing material (3),
A blood port inlet (5.1) and a blood port outlet (5.2) are attached to both ends in the length direction of the housing (2),
A dialysate port inlet (7.1) and a dialysate port outlet (7.2) are attached to the end of the housing (2) in the cross-sectional direction intersecting the length direction,
The housing (2) has a small diameter part (2.1) along the length direction and a large diameter part (2...) Via a transition part (2.3) at both ends of the small diameter part (2.1). 2),
The transition part (2.3) is closer to the blood port outlet (5.2) of the housing (2) than the center (C2) of the dialysate port inlet (7.1) and the housing ( 2) along the cross-sectional direction intersecting the length direction ,
A through-hole (12) communicating from the vicinity of the dialysate port inlet (7.1) to the inside of the housing (2) is formed in the vicinity of the dialysate port inlet (7.1). , Opening in the direction of the blood port outlet (5.2) of the housing (2) ,
The starting point of the transition section (2.3) of the housing (2) and (2.3P), wherein said blood port outlet (5 of the opening of the dialysate port inlet (7.1) (7.11) .2) The line (L) connecting the end portions (7P) in the direction is formed so as to substantially overlap the end portion in the blood port outlet (5.2) direction of the small diameter portion (2.1) . ,
The blood processing apparatus (1) characterized by the above-mentioned. The difference between the inner diameter (D1) of the end of the small diameter portion (2.1) in the blood port outlet (5.2) direction and the inner diameter (D2) of the large diameter portion (2.2): (ΔD) is 4 mm. The blood processing apparatus (1) according to claim 1, wherein the blood processing apparatus (1) is formed to be 8 mm from 8 mm. The through-hole (12) has at least an opening section substantially equal to or larger than the opening section of the dialysate port (7), and the opening angle θ of the opening section in the blood port outlet (5.2) direction is The blood processing apparatus (1) according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the blood processing apparatus (1) is formed at 0 ° to 45 °.

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