JP5265328B2 - Air membrane structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an air membrane structure that is formed of a membrane material and constitutes a roof of a waste disposal site or the like, and the roof shape is maintained by being filled with air.

  In waste disposal sites and large-scale goods collection / delivery sites, the interior may be covered with simple structures to prevent the adverse effects of rainfall and snowfall, or to prevent the scattering of waste, etc. It has been requested.

For example, in the following Patent Document 1, a plurality of columns are set up around the waste disposal area, and from the columns to the columns at the opposite positions, the lateral direction in which only the tensile force is supported above the waste disposal area and The main cable in the vertical direction is stretched, the main cable in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are connected to each other at the intersection, and the roof material made of the film body is supported, and the roof material other than the support portion by the main cable is supported. A roof construction structure corresponding to a deformed flat surface of a waste disposal site has been proposed in which the part is stretched so as to be convex in the direction of gravity.
JP 2004-164429 A

By the way, in general, the waste disposal site is often located in a remote mountainous area, and is therefore provided in a non-flat place using an inclined surface of a valley or the like.
For this reason, in the said conventional roof erection structure, in order to erect a support | pillar around a waste disposal area | region, there exists a problem that a lot of effort is required.

  In addition, since the waste disposal site requires a large area, the stress acting on the support column and the main cable is large, and as a result, the constituent members such as the support column, the main cable, and the roof material are large. There is also a problem that its manufacture, transportation and construction are difficult.

  Further, the height of the site of the waste treatment plant increases with time due to the treatment of waste, whereas in the conventional roof erection structure, the post is used as a final level in the waste treatment plant. It is necessary to set up something higher than that. For this reason, especially when the internal space below the roofing material is maintained at a negative pressure or a positive pressure, the volume of the internal space becomes extremely large at the initial stage of waste treatment. There is a problem that a large-capacity facility is required and it is difficult to control the exhaust or supply air.

  In addition, once the roof erection structure is constructed, the shape is determined, so that it is difficult to change the area of the waste treatment plant. Since the period is often over ten years, there is also a problem that even when the roof material made of a film body is partially damaged during the period, the repair is difficult.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is possible to reduce the size and weight of the constituent members and to adjust the height of the internal space as appropriate, and thus control the exhaust and the like for the internal space. It is another object of the present invention to provide an air film structure that is easy to use.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is configured such that the outer peripheral edges of a plurality of unit films that form a polygonal shape in plan view and have a convex curved surface shape upward are connected to each other. Forming a roof covering the inner space with a convex curved surface, and connecting the upper end portion of the lead-in cable for supporting the roof to the bottom of the trough where the corners of the outer periphery of each of the plurality of unit films gather Then, the lower part of the lead-in cable is inserted into the through holes of the upper cable fixing device and the lower cable fixing device, which are sequentially spaced in the vertical direction, and extended downward from the lower cable fixing device. and the end, and the anchor cable is provided on the upper surface of the provided anchor member below the internal space, the top of the anchor cable, successively the lower cable fixer and top cable fixing The upper cable fixing device and the lower cable fixing device are fixed to the outer periphery of the retracting cable and the anchor cable, respectively. By providing the detachable cable so that the vertical length of the retractable cable and anchor cable can be adjusted, and by supplying pressurized air to the internal space, the convex curved surface shape of the roof is maintained. It is a feature.

The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 1, the anchor material is placed on a site of the internal space.
Here, placing on the site means placing it directly on the site of the collection / delivery site, for example, in a general place such as a collection / delivery site of a large-scale article. If there is a water shielding sheet to prevent water contaminated on the site from seeping into the site and there is a protective layer soil on it, it will be placed on the protective layer soil. Means to place.

  Furthermore, the invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, in which the unit film materials adjacent to each other are detachably connected to each other, and to this connection portion, A sealing member that hermetically seals the connection portion is provided.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a drain pipe capable of extracting water accumulated in the valley is connected to the bottom of the valley. It is characterized by being.

  According to the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 4, the tensile force acting on the roof formed by connecting the outer peripheral edges of the unit membranes having a plurality of convex curved surfaces to the roof, Dispersed in the above-mentioned cables with adjustable lengths between the bottom of the valley where the corners of the outer periphery gather and the anchor material below the internal space, and supported by each anchor material can do.

  For this reason, the structure is simple, and it is possible to reduce the weight by reducing the size of each constituent member such as the unit film, the cable, and the anchor material, and thus, the manufacture, assembly, construction, removal, etc. are extremely easy. .

  Moreover, since the length of the cable can be adjusted, for example, when applied to a waste disposal site, the height of the roof is appropriately increased in accordance with the increase in site height due to the progress of waste disposal. Can go. For this reason, it is possible to always keep the volume of the internal space below the roof to a minimum, and thus it is possible to reduce the size of the air supply / exhaust equipment and the like, and to easily control the exhaust of the internal space. In addition, the running cost can be reduced.

  Further, as in the invention described in claim 2, if the anchor material is placed on the site of the internal space, particularly when applied to a waste disposal site, the cable is supported on the upper portion of the anchor material. There is an advantage that it is possible to use the installation pressure of the backfilled soil and the like, and there is no damage to the water shielding sheet stretched on the site by the anchor material.

  In addition, according to the invention described in claim 3, since the outer peripheral edges of the adjacent unit film materials are detachably connected to each other, and the sealing member that hermetically seals the connection portion is provided. The roof can be easily assembled on site. Moreover, in normal times, the sealing member can ensure airtightness as a roof, and even when the roof is locally damaged or worn due to long-term use, the unit film at that location It is possible to easily repair by replacing only the material.

In addition, in the present invention, the roof is formed by unit films formed in a plurality of convex curved shapes, and because the structure of the convex curved shape of the roof is maintained by supplying pressurized air to the internal space, A trough is formed at a location where the corners of adjacent unit films gather.
As a result, rainwater and snow melt will accumulate in the valley. According to the invention described in claim 4, a drain pipe capable of extracting water accumulated in the valley is connected to the bottom of the valley. For this reason, the water can be drained to an appropriate place in the internal space or to the outside through the drain pipe.

1 to 12 show an embodiment in which an air film structure according to the present invention is applied to a roof structure of a waste disposal site.
In these figures, reference numeral 1 in the figure is a roof that airtightly covers the waste disposal site A, and the roof 1 is composed of a plurality of unit films 2. Here, each unit film 2 is a film material having a square shape in a plan view made of a material such as a polyester cloth coated with vinyl chloride, and is formed in a convex curved shape upward.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the unit film 2 is arranged with the outer peripheral edges close to each other, and a portion where the corners of the outer peripheral edges of the four unit films 2 gather is cut out. As a result, a square-shaped opening is formed. A corner frame 3 is disposed in the opening.

  The corner frame 3 has a rectangular frame portion 3a along the cut outer periphery of each unit film 2, and a tip that hangs down from the lower surface of the corner portion of the frame portion 3a along the side of the quadrangular pyramid. The portion is composed of a leg portion 3b integrally joined to the disc-like support plate 4, and a receiving bar 3c of a racing rope 5 described later is provided along the outer periphery of the frame portion 3a. . Further, the end portion of the valley cable 6 stretched between the corner frames 3 is connected to the outer surface of the corner portion of the frame portion 3 a along the outer peripheral edge of the adjacent unit film 2.

On the other hand, a sewing rope 7 is sewn and integrated on the outer peripheral edge of each unit film 2, and an insertion hole 8 a of the racing rope 5 is provided inside the sewing rope 7 at a predetermined interval. The perforated membrane end reinforcing plate 8 is joined.
The adjacent unit film 2 and corner frame 3 are detachably connected to each other by a racing rope 5.

  In other words, the racing rope 5 is inserted into the insertion hole 8a formed in the membrane end reinforcing plate 8 of each unit membrane 2 and wound around the outer circumference of the valley cable 6 so that the adjacent unit membranes 2 are connected to each other. The valley cables 6 are connected to each other. The racing rope 5 is inserted into the insertion hole 8a of each unit film 2 and wound around the receiving bar 3c projecting from the frame part 3a of the corner frame 3, so that each unit film 2 and The corner frame 3 is connected.

  The gap between the adjacent unit films 2 and the gap between the unit film 2 and the frame portion 3a of the corner frame 3 are the seal canvas (sealing member) 9 and the double-sided tape folding joint 10 for the seal canvas 9. It is airtightly closed by a cover canvas 11 that covers the gap. In addition, the code | symbol 12 in a figure is a racing rope which connects the other sides of the cover canvas 11 by which the one side was joined to each unit film | membrane 2.

  Further, a bag-like drain storage member 13 is provided in the frame portion 3 a of the corner frame 3, and water that has flowed into the drain storage member 13 is drained to the lower outer periphery of the drain storage member 13. The upper end part of the vertical vertical pipe (drainage pipe) 14 for doing is connected. The lower end of the vertical pipe 14 is connected to a water collecting pipe (drain pipe) 16 supported by the wire 15 suspended from the valley cable 6 with a slight inclination below the roof 1. Thereby, the roof 1 which consists of a plurality of unit films 2 is constituted.

On the other hand, the upper end of a lead-in cable (cable) 17 for supporting the roof 1 is connected to the lower surface of the disc-shaped support plate 4 joined to the lower end of the corner frame 3.
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the lower portion of the lead-in cable 17 is inserted into a through hole formed in the central portion of the upper cable fixing device 18 and the lower cable fixing device 19 sequentially with an interval in the vertical direction. It is inserted. Further, the lower portion of the lead-in cable 17 is formed to have a predetermined length from the lower cable fixing device 19, and the end thereof is a free end.

  Here, wedges 20 and 21 are detachably interposed between the outer periphery of the lead-in cable 17 and the through holes of the upper cable fixing device 18 and the lower cable fixing device 19, respectively. The fixing device 18 and the lower cable fixing device 19 are provided on the outer periphery of the lead-in cable 17 so as to be fixed and detachable.

  An anchor weight (anchor material) 22 made of a concrete block is placed below the lead-in cable 17 and on the site of the waste disposal site. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, on the site of the waste disposal site, a water-immersed sheet 30 for preventing water contaminated with waste from infiltrating into the site is stretched. A protective layer soil 31 is stacked on the flooded sheet 30, and the anchor weight 22 is placed on the protective layer soil 31.

  The anchor cable (cable) 23 is inserted into the ring 22a fixed to the upper surface of the anchor weight 22, and the upper portions of the two anchor cables 23 are sequentially connected to the lower cable fixing device 19 and the anchor cable 22, respectively. The upper cable fixing unit 18 is inserted into a through hole formed with the lead-in cable 17 interposed therebetween. Further, the anchor weight 22 has an upper portion formed in a predetermined length from the upper cable fixing device 18, and an end portion thereof is a free end.

  Here, also with respect to the anchor cable 23, wedges 24 and 25 are detachably interposed between the respective outer peripheries and the through holes of the upper cable fixing unit 18 and the lower cable fixing unit 19. The cable fixing unit 18 and the lower cable fixing unit 19 are provided on the outer periphery of the anchor cable 23 so as to be fixed and detachable.

Further, two lifting auxiliary cables 26 are arranged so as to sandwich the lead-in cable 17 therebetween, and their upper ends are connected to the disc-shaped support plate 4. These lifting auxiliary cables 26 hang down to a position where the lower end portions thereof face the upper surface of the lower cable fixing device 19, and between the lower end portions of the lifting auxiliary cable 26 and the upper surface of the lower cable fixing device 19. A lever-type hoist 27 can be attached as necessary.

Next, based on FIGS. 5-12, the effect | action of the air film structure which consists of the above structure and forms the roof of a waste disposal site is demonstrated.
First, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 12 (a), the landfill work area of the waste in the waste disposal site is hermetically covered by the roof 1, and the shape stability of the roof 1 is ensured. An internal pressure somewhat higher than the weight of the roof 1 is given to the internal space S. In the initial stage of landfilling with waste, since the level of the site due to landfilling is still low, the lengths of the lead-in cable 17 and the anchor cable 23 are shortened, and the upper portions are formed by the wedges 20, 21, 24, and 25, respectively. It is fixed to the cable fixing device 18 and the lower cable fixing device 19.

And when the reclamation of the waste in the said waste disposal site advances and the level of a site increases as shown in FIG.12 (b), the height of the roof 1 is increased.
In this case, first, the pressure in the internal space is lowered to a pressure (lifting internal pressure) that balances the weight of the roof 1 and then the lower end of the lifting auxiliary cable 26 and the lower cable fixing device as shown in FIG. A lever type winder 27 is attached between the two.

Then, by pulling the lifting auxiliary cable 26 by the lever type winding machine 27, the tensile force from the roof 1 is supported by the lifting auxiliary cable 26 → the lower cable fixing device 19 → the anchor cable 23 → the anchor weight 22 therebelow. . As a result, the load acting on the upper anchor cable 23 from the lead-in cable 17 and the lower cable fixing device 19 is released.

Next, the wedge 24 of the anchor cable 23 in the upper cable fixing device 18 and the wedge 21 of the lead-in cable 17 in the lower cable fixing device 19 are released. As a result, the upper cable fixing unit 18 is simply suspended by the lead-in cable 17. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, when the lever type hoisting machine 27 is operated in reverse and the lifting auxiliary cable 26 is sent out, the roof 1 is raised by the internal pressure by the sent amount.

When the roof 1 reaches a predetermined height, the operation of the lever type winder 27 is stopped, and in this state, as shown in FIG. 9, the wedge 24 of the anchor cable 23 in the upper cable fixing device 18 is moved. After fixing the anchor cable 23 to the upper cable fixing device 18, the load of the lifting auxiliary cable 26 by the lever type winding machine 27 is released. As a result, the tensile force from the roof 1 is supported by the pull-in cable 17 → the upper cable fixing device 18 → the anchor cable 23 → the anchor weight 22 therebelow.

Next, when the wedge 25 of the anchor cable 23 in the lower cable fixing device 19 is released, the lower cable fixing device 19 is suspended by the lifting auxiliary cable 26 via the lever type winding machine 27. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, the lever type winder 27 is operated to raise the lower cable fixing device 19 to a predetermined height. Then, the wedge 21 in the lower cable fixing device 19 is used to fix the pull-in cable 17, and the wedge 25 is used to fix the anchor cable 23.

Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the lifting operation of the roof 1 is completed by removing the lever-type hoisting machine 27 and increasing the internal pressure to a normal pressure.
Then, when the landfill further progresses and the level of the site is further increased as shown in FIG. 12C, the roof 1 is lifted in the same manner as the above process, and the landfill is completed. At that time, as shown in FIG. 12 (d), the roof 1 is finally removed.

  As described above, according to the air membrane structure configured as described above, the roof 1 is configured by connecting the outer peripheral edges of the unit films 2 having a plurality of convex curved surfaces, and the outer peripheral edges of the four unit films 2. A retractable cable 17 and an anchor cable 23, each of which can be adjusted in overall length, are provided between the bottom of the valley where the corners of each corner gather and the anchor weight 22 placed on the site of the internal space. Therefore, the tensile force acting on the roof 1 can be distributed to the plurality of lead-in cables 17 and anchor cables 23 and supported by the respective anchor weights 22.

  For this reason, the structure is simple, and it is possible to reduce the weight by reducing the size of each component member such as the unit film 2, the retractable cable 17, the anchor cable 23, the anchor weight 22, and the like. Or removal etc. become very easy.

  In addition, since the overall length of the lead-in cable 17 and the anchor cable 23 can be adjusted, as shown in FIG. 12 (e), the initial state is increased along with the increase in the site height due to the progress of waste treatment. From X to the final state Z, the height of the roof 1 can be increased appropriately. For this reason, the volume of the internal space S below the roof 1 can always be kept to a minimum, so that the size of the air supply / exhaust equipment can be reduced, and the exhaust of the internal space S can be easily controlled. Become. In addition, the running cost can be reduced.

  Further, since the anchor weight 22 is placed on the site of the internal space S, the installation pressure of waste such as soil buried back on the anchor weight 22 is supported by the pull-in cable 17 and the anchor cable 23. Can be used effectively.

  In addition, the outer peripheral edges of the adjacent unit membrane materials 2 and the unit membrane 2 and the corner frame 3 are detachably connected by the racing rope 5, and this connection portion is hermetically sealed by the seal canvas 9. Therefore, the roof 1 can be easily assembled at the site. Moreover, in normal times, the sealing canvas 9 or the like can ensure the airtightness of the roof 1 and the one or more unit films 2 constituting the roof 1 are damaged or worn by long-term use. Even when it is received, it can be easily repaired by exchanging only the unit membrane material 2 at the relevant location and sealing it again with the seal canvas 9.

  Further, a corner frame 3 is provided at a location where the corners of adjacent convex curved unit films 2 are gathered to form a valley, and in a frame 3a that defines the outer periphery of the corner frame 3. A bag-shaped drain storage member 13 is provided, and a vertical pipe 14 for draining water that has flowed into the drain storage member 13 is connected to the outer periphery of the lower portion of the drain storage member 13. Even when the water flows down from the unit membrane 2 and flows into the drain housing member 13, it can be drained to an appropriate place in the internal space S or outside through the vertical pipe 14 and the water collecting pipe 16.

  In the above embodiment, the air film structure according to the present invention has been described only in the case where it is applied to the structure of the roof covering the waste disposal site. However, the present invention is not limited to this and the present invention is not limited to this. The present invention can be applied to various places such as a large-scale article collection / delivery place and storage place.

  Further, in the roof structure of the present embodiment, the cable for supporting the tensile force from the roof 1 is constituted by the pull-in cable 17 and the anchor cable 23, and the upper cable fixing device 18 and the lower cable fixing device 19 are used. Although the length dimensions of the lead-in cable 17 and the anchor cable 23 are provided to be adjustable, the present invention is not limited to this, and various configurations are applicable as long as the length dimensions of the cable can be adjusted. be able to.

It is a schematic perspective view which shows the roof shape of one Embodiment of the air film | membrane structure which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view which abbreviate | omits and shows the junction part of the unit film | membrane of FIG. It is the III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a perspective view which abbreviate | omits and shows the bottom part of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the cable which supported the roof of FIG. 1 and the length was provided so that adjustment was possible. It is a perspective view which shows the fixed state of the cable fixing device of FIG. 5, a drawing-in cable, and an anchor cable. It is a perspective view which shows the state which attached the lever type winding machine between the lifting auxiliary | assistant cable of FIG. 5, and the lower cable fixing device. It is a perspective view which shows the state which raises a roof by operating the lever type winding machine of FIG. 7, and sending out a lifting auxiliary cable. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a state in which the anchor cable is fixed to the upper cable fixing device by applying the wedge of the anchor cable in the upper cable fixing device of FIG. 8. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a state in which the lower cable fixing device is pulled up by operating the lever type winding machine of FIG. 9. It is a perspective view which shows the state which removed the lever type winding machine of FIG. 10, and completed the lifting work of the roof. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the progress of the landfill in a waste disposal site, and the change of the height of the roof according to this.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Roof 2 Unit membrane 3 Corner frame 5 Racing rope 6 Valley cable 9 Seal canvas 13 Drain storage member 14 Longitudinal pipe (drain pipe)
16 Water collection pipe (drainage pipe)
17 Lead-in cable (cable)
18 Upper cable fixing device 19 Lower cable fixing device 20, 21, 24, 25 Wedge 22 Anchor weight (anchor material)
23 Anchor cable (cable)
26 Lifting auxiliary cable 27 Lever type hoisting machine A Waste disposal site S Internal space

Claims (4)

By connecting the outer peripheral edges of a plurality of unit films that form a polygonal shape in plan view and have a convex curved surface toward the top, a roof that covers the internal space with the plurality of convex curved surfaces is formed, The upper end portion of the lead-in cable for supporting the roof is connected to the bottom of the trough where the corners of the outer peripheral edge of the unit membrane gather , and the lower part of the lead-in cable is sequentially spaced in the vertical direction. An upper surface of an anchor member provided in a through hole of the upper cable fixing device and the lower cable fixing device arranged and extending downward from the lower cable fixing device to be a free end and provided below the internal space An anchor cable is provided on the upper cable fixing device, and the upper portion of the anchor cable is sequentially inserted into the through holes of the lower cable fixing device and the upper cable fixing device. With the free end is extended to the upper cable fixing device and the lower cable fixer, by providing a fastenable and disengaged respectively the retraction cables and the outer periphery of the anchor cable, the vertical of the pull cable and the anchor cable An air film structure characterized in that the length of the direction is adjustable and the convex curved shape of the roof is maintained by supplying pressurized air to the internal space.   The air film structure according to claim 1, wherein the anchor material is placed on a site of the internal space.   The adjacent unit film members are detachably connected to each other, and a sealing member for hermetically sealing the connection portion is provided at the connection portion. Item 3. The air film structure according to Item 1 or 2.   The air film structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a drain pipe capable of extracting water accumulated in the valley portion is connected to a bottom portion of the valley portion.

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