JP5259489B2 - Exercise intensity regulating device, fat burning rate calculation system, and exercise equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an exercise intensity defining device, a fat burning rate calculating system, and an exercise apparatus that can define an exercise intensity to be applied to a subject in order to effectively burn body fat.

Conventionally, the burning rate of body fat has been measured by measuring the components of exhaled breath. More specifically, the burning rate of body fat is measured based on the respiratory quotient (RQ) defined by the amount of oxygen consumed per unit time and the amount of carbon dioxide discharged per unit time. . At this time, the respiratory quotient can be calculated by the following equation. That means
Respiratory quotient (RQ) = (CO2 emissions per unit time) / (Oxygen consumption per unit time)
It is possible to calculate the respiratory quotient.

  Oxygen is taken into the blood from the alveoli and then distributed to cells in the body. Therefore, the oxygen concentration of exhaled breath (in other words, the gas discharged outside the body) is lower than the oxygen concentration of inhaled air. The product of the concentration difference and the tidal volume is the amount of oxygen taken into the blood, and this value is normally considered to be the amount of oxygen supplied to somatic cells. Of course, the amount of oxygen taken into the blood by a single breath is not defined as the amount of oxygen consumed in the cells of the whole body at that time, but the value obtained by measuring for several minutes is used as the amount of oxygen consumed. It is common to specify. Carbon dioxide emissions can be considered in the same way as oxygen. The respiratory quotient can be calculated based on the oxygen consumption and the carbon dioxide emission.

  The value of the respiratory quotient reflects the type of energy source consumed. Examples of the three major nutrients that can serve as energy sources include sugars, lipids, and proteins, and the ratios of constituent atoms such as carbon atoms, oxygen atoms, and hydrogen atoms are different. Therefore, the ratio of consumed oxygen and produced carbon dioxide differs depending on the type of nutrients decomposed during respiration.

When specific nutrients (sugars, lipids, or proteins) are decomposed in the whole somatic cell, the following formula is proposed for the decomposition reaction and the respiratory quotient of the nutrients.
- _{carbohydrates: C 6 H 12 O 6 +} 6O 2 → 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O
(RQ = 1.00)
Lipid: 2C ₅₇ H ₁₁₀ O ₆ + 163O ₂ → 114CO ₂ + 110H ₂ O
(RQ = 0.71)
Protein: 2C ₆ H ₁₃ O ₂ N + 15O ₂ → 12CO ₂ + 10H ₂ O + 2NH ₃
(RQ = 0.85)
In the case of carbohydrates, glucose is considered as a typical carbohydrate. The number of atoms constituting glucose is 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms, and 6 oxygen atoms. Carbohydrates contain many oxygen atoms and can be decomposed with a small amount of oxygen consumption. The respiratory quotient is 1.00, the largest value among the three major nutrients. In addition, since the sugar has a high oxygen content, the calorie per weight is 4.1 kcal / g, which is the smallest value among the three major nutrients.

  In the case of lipids, there are very few oxygen atoms contained in the fatty acids constituting the lipids. Therefore, while a large amount of oxygen is required for lipid degradation, the amount of carbon dioxide produced is less than the amount of oxygen consumed. As a result, the respiratory quotient is 0.71, the smallest value among the three major nutrients. Moreover, since the lipid has a low oxygen content, the heat per weight is 9.3 kcal / g, which is the largest value among the three major nutrients. When energy is stored in the body, lipids are the most suitable nutrient and can be stored subcutaneously by overeating.

  Proteins have intermediate properties between carbohydrates and lipids, the respiratory quotient is 0.85, and the heat per weight is 5.3 kcal / g. However, under normal conditions, proteins are not utilized as respiratory substrates.

  In the measurement of the burning rate of body fat using a conventional breath quotient, the breath is collected using an air bag, and the amount of carbon dioxide discharged and the amount of oxygen consumed are measured using an expensive respiratory analyzer. The amount of body fat burned was measured. However, as described above, unless the type of nutrients decomposed by respiration is defined, the meaning of the value of the respiratory quotient (in other words, it is difficult to determine whether body fat is actually burned) is difficult. It was necessary to measure the burning amount of body fat more directly.

  In order to meet this requirement, an apparatus for measuring the burning rate of body fat by detecting the concentration of acetone in expired air has been developed (for example, see Patent Document 1). In the apparatus described in Patent Document 1, acetone is released into the blood during the burning process of free fatty acids in the body, and the body fat burning rate is measured by diffusing into the breath in the lungs. Yes. An apparatus for analyzing a specific gas component in exhaled breath is conventionally known, and the acetone concentration in the exhaled breath can be measured by using the apparatus or the like (see, for example, Patent Document 2). ).

JP 2001-349888 A (publication date: December 21, 2001) JP 2004-77467 A (publication date: March 11, 2004)

Journal of Applied Physiology, 2005 Jul; 99 (1): 349-56.

  However, the conventional body fat burning rate measuring device has a problem that it is not possible to define the exercise intensity to be applied to the subject in order to effectively burn body fat.

  For example, the technique described in Patent Document 1 is based on the hypothesis that the burning of body fat proceeds as the concentration of acetone in the breath increases. Therefore, based on this technique, in order to effectively burn body fat, the subject is subjected to as much exercise intensity as possible. However, as the present inventors have found this time, the burning rate of body fat does not increase as the exercise intensity increases.

  Non-Patent Document 1 describes that even if the exercise load is increased in order to promote the burning of fat, there is no effect. Conventionally, it has been said that fat burning can be promoted if an exercise load of 60 to 70% of the maximum heart rate is applied to the subject, but there is no basis for this theory.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an exercise intensity defining device capable of defining exercise intensity to be applied to a subject in order to effectively burn body fat. An object of the present invention is to provide a fat burning rate calculation system and exercise equipment.

  As a result of intensive studies in view of the above problems, the present inventors have 1) the acetone concentration of breath begins to increase after the exercise intensity exceeds the threshold, and the fat burning rate also increases at this time, and 2) the acetone concentration increases. When the exercise intensity which is about 5% exercise intensity (especially a general person) to 30% exercise intensity (especially an athlete) is higher than the exercise intensity applied to the subject at the time of starting the exercise, The fat burning rate is maximized. 3) When the exercise intensity applied to the subject is further increased, the acetone concentration increases, but the fat burning rate decreases. 4) Even if the acetone concentration is simply monitored The present inventors have found that it is impossible to define the exercise intensity for realizing the maximum fat burning rate, and have completed the present invention.

  That is, in order to solve the above problem, the exercise intensity defining device of the present invention provides an acetone concentration detecting means for detecting the acetone concentration in the breath of the subject, and at least at the time when the acetone concentration starts to rise, V-20 (when the exercise intensity calculated by the exercise intensity calculation means and the exercise intensity calculated by the exercise intensity calculation means at the time when the acetone concentration starts to rise is expressed as V (%). %) To V + 40 (%), and an optimum exercise intensity defining means for defining an exercise intensity that is applied to the subject as an optimum exercise intensity.

  According to the above configuration, the time point at which the concentration of acetone in the breath begins to rise can be specified, and the exercise intensity V (%) applied to the subject at the time point correlated with the fat burning rate is calculated. can do.

  Based on the calculated exercise intensity V (%), exercise with an exercise intensity of V−20 (%) to V + 40 (%) set by the optimum exercise intensity defining means, so that the fat burning rate is higher than that at rest. It is possible to efficiently set the exercise intensity that can achieve the above.

  In the exercise intensity defining device of the present invention, the optimum exercise intensity defining means defines an exercise intensity in the range of V−6.5 (%) to V + 30 (%) as the optimum exercise intensity applied to the subject. It is preferable.

  If the exercise intensity is in the range of V-6.5 (%) to V + 30 (%), the fat burning rate is approximately ½ or more of the maximum fat burning rate regardless of whether the subject is an athlete or not. It becomes. Therefore, according to the said structure, the exercise intensity which can implement | achieve the fat burning rate of about 1/2 or more of the maximum fat burning rate more easily and reliably can be selected.

The exercise intensity defining device of the present invention includes determination means for determining whether or not the subject is an athlete, and when the determination means determines that the subject is an athlete, the optimum exercise intensity defining means If the exercise intensity described in 1) below is defined as the optimal exercise intensity, and the determination means determines that the subject is not an athlete, the optimal exercise intensity defining means describes the following 2) Is preferably defined as the optimum exercise intensity. That means
1) V-6.5 (%) to V + 40 (%)
2) V-20 (%) to V + 30 (%).

  If the subject is an athlete, selecting an exercise intensity in the range of V-6.5 (%) to V + 40 (%) will result in a fat burning rate that is approximately ½ or more of the maximum fat burning rate. Exercise intensity can be selected efficiently.

  On the other hand, when the subject is not an athlete, if an exercise intensity in the range of V-20 (%) to V + 30 (%) is selected, the exercise will have a fat burning rate of about 1/2 or more of the maximum fat burning rate. The strength can be selected efficiently.

  That is, according to the above configuration, after determining whether or not the subject is an athlete by the determining means, the optimal exercise intensity for the subject is selected by the optimal exercise intensity defining means based on the determination result. In other words, according to the above configuration, based on the exercise history of the subject, the exercise intensity with a high fat burning rate, in other words, the exercise intensity with a fat burning rate of approximately 1/2 or more of the maximum fat burning rate is efficiently selected. can do.

In the exercise intensity defining device of the present invention, the exercise intensity calculating means has the following equation (1), that is,
Exercise intensity (%) = oxygen intake / (maximum oxygen intake−resting oxygen intake) × 100
... (1)
It is preferable to calculate the exercise intensity applied to the subject based on the above.

  According to the above configuration, the exercise intensity is calculated based on the subject's oxygen intake, maximum oxygen intake, and resting oxygen intake. Therefore, the exercise intensity can be easily calculated using a known configuration or the like, and the optimum exercise intensity can be easily defined.

In the exercise intensity defining device of the present invention, the exercise intensity calculating means has the following equation (2), that is,
Exercise intensity (%) = (Exercise heart rate-Resting heart rate) / (Maximum heart rate-Resting heart rate) x
100 (2)
It is preferable to calculate the exercise intensity applied to the subject based on the above.

  According to the above configuration, the exercise intensity is calculated based on the exercise heart rate, the resting heart rate, and the maximum heart rate of the subject. Therefore, the exercise intensity can be easily calculated using a known configuration or the like, and the optimum exercise intensity can be easily defined.

  Further, when compared with a configuration in which exercise intensity is calculated based on the subject's oxygen intake, the configuration in which exercise intensity is calculated based on the subject's heart rate during exercise can be designed with a smaller exercise intensity defining device.

  In order to solve the above problems, the fat burning rate calculation system of the present invention calculates the fat burning rate in the subject when any of the exercise intensity defining devices and the optimum exercise intensity are applied to the subject. And a fat burning rate calculating means for calculating.

  According to the said structure, the optimal exercise intensity which can burn a test subject's fat effectively is prescribed | regulated by the exercise intensity prescription | regulation apparatus. The fat burning rate calculation means calculates the fat burning rate when the optimum exercise intensity is applied to the subject, and therefore can calculate the fat burning rate when fat is burned efficiently. it can.

In the fat burning rate calculation system of the present invention, the fat burning rate calculation means includes the following equation (3), that is,
Fat burning rate (g / min) = Oxygen intake (L / min) at the time of optimum exercise intensity load × Amount of heat per liter of oxygen (kcal / L) × Amount of fat involved in the amount of heat per liter of oxygen (g / kcal )
(3)
Preferably, the fat burning rate is calculated based on the above.

  According to the above configuration, the fat burning rate can be calculated based on the amount of oxygen intake at the time of optimal exercise strength load, the amount of heat per liter of oxygen, and the proportion of fat involved in the amount of heat per liter of oxygen. Therefore, the fat burning rate can be easily calculated using a known configuration.

The fat burning rate calculation system of the present invention has the following equation (4), that is,
Fat burning history (g) = fat burning rate (g / min) × optimum exercise intensity loading time (min)
.... (4)
It is preferable to include recording means for recording the fat burning history calculated based on the above.

  According to the above configuration, the fat burning history is calculated based on the fat burning rate and the optimal exercise intensity loading time, and the fat burning history is recorded by the recording means. Therefore, according to the above configuration, the amount of fat already burned and / or the amount of fat burned in the future can be calculated and recorded.

The fat burning rate calculation system of the present invention has the following equation (5), that is,
Exercise time (min) = desired fat mass (g) / fat burning rate (g / min)
.... (5)
It is preferable to provide exercise time calculation means for calculating the exercise time necessary for burning the desired fat mass based on the above.

  According to the above configuration, the exercise time required for burning the desired fat mass by the exercise time calculating means, in other words, the time for applying the optimum exercise intensity to the subject to burn the desired fat mass. Can be calculated.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the exercise apparatus of the present invention includes any one of the exercise intensity defining devices or any of the fat burning rate calculation systems.

  According to the said structure, exercise | movement can be performed on exercise intensity conditions which can implement | achieve a high fat burning rate.

  The exercise apparatus of the present invention preferably includes an optimum exercise intensity loading means for applying a load corresponding to the optimum exercise intensity to the subject.

  According to the said structure, it becomes possible to add the exercise intensity which can implement | achieve a high fat burning rate with respect to a test subject by the optimal exercise intensity load means. As a result, the fat of the subject can be burned effectively.

  In the exercise apparatus of the present invention, the optimum exercise intensity loading means is preferably an ergometer, a treadmill, or an exercise bike.

  According to the said structure, it becomes possible to add the exercise intensity which can implement | achieve a high fat combustion rate with respect to a test subject using a well-known structure. As a result, the fat of the subject can be burned more easily and inexpensively.

  As described above, the exercise intensity defining device of the present invention is added to the subject at the time when the acetone concentration detecting means for detecting the acetone concentration in the breath of the subject and at least when the acetone concentration starts to rise. V-20 (%) to V + 40 (V-20%), where V (%) is an exercise intensity calculating means for calculating exercise intensity and an exercise intensity calculated by the exercise intensity calculating means when the acetone concentration starts to rise. %), An optimum exercise intensity defining means for defining an exercise intensity in the range of%) as the optimum exercise intensity to be applied to the subject.

  Therefore, there is an effect that the exercise intensity capable of effectively burning fat can be easily defined.

  In addition, since it is possible to prevent an unnecessarily high exercise intensity from being applied to the subject, there is an effect that the subject can be protected from various health hazards (for example, meat loss, arthritis, etc.).

  In addition, since the optimum exercise intensity can be defined by using the exhaled breath that can obtain the measurement result much more easily and quickly than blood or the like, there is an effect that the apparatus and the system can be designed to be small.

It is a block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the exercise intensity prescription apparatus in this invention. It is a block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the fat burning rate calculation system in this invention. It is a block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the exercise equipment in this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows one Embodiment of the acetone concentration detection part in this invention. It is a mimetic diagram showing one embodiment of an exercise device in the present invention. It is a graph which shows the correlation of a common person's acetone density | concentration, exercise intensity, and a fat burning rate in the Example of this invention. It is a graph which shows the correlation of the acetone density | concentration, exercise intensity, and fat burning rate of an athlete in the Example of this invention. It is a graph which shows the correlation with the lipid burning rate at the time of long-time exercise | movement and acetone concentration in the Example of this invention. It is a graph which shows the correlation with the lipid burning rate at the time of long-time exercise | movement and acetone concentration in the Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram showing the correlation between lipids and lipid metabolic pathways and the metabolic pathway of acetone contained in exhaled breath.

  FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the metabolic pathways of carbohydrates and lipids and the metabolic pathway of acetone contained in exhaled breath.

  Acetone is called a ketone body together with acetoacetic acid and 3-hydroxybutyric acid. Acetone is produced from acetoacetic acid in a decarboxylation reaction. Acetoacetic acid is produced from 3-hydroxybutyric acid by a reversible reaction involving hydrogen atoms. Acetone is released into the exhaled breath through the lungs, and the exhaled breath is discharged outside the body, whereby the acetone in the body is released out of the body.

  The metabolism of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA (Acetyl-CoA) is an irreversible oxidative decarboxylation reaction, which results in the conversion of sugar to fat, but the conversion of fat to sugar. It shows that it does not occur. There is a correlation between lipogenesis in the liver and free fatty acid concentration in plasma, and lipogenesis is suppressed when the free fatty acid concentration is 0.3 to 0.8 μmol / mL. In addition, when the fat content in the food is 10% by weight or more, conversion from carbohydrate to fat does not occur. When the saccharide is deficient, the deficient saccharide is compensated by 1) oxidation of ketone bodies, 2) oxidation of free fatty acids, and 3) oxidation of glucose.

  That is, also from FIG. 10, the metabolic pathways of carbohydrates, lipids, and acetone are complex, and it is very difficult to simply estimate the lipid burning rate from the respiratory quotient or breath acetone concentration. it can.

  On the other hand, according to the present invention, an exercise altitude with a high fat burning rate can be easily defined. Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[1. (Exercise intensity regulating device)
As shown in FIG. 1, the exercise intensity defining device 1 of the present embodiment includes an acetone concentration detector 2 (acetone concentration detector), an exercise intensity calculator 3 (exercise intensity calculator), and an optimum exercise intensity definer 4 ( (Optimum exercise intensity defining means) and determination unit 5 (determination means). Each configuration will be described below.

  The acetone concentration detection unit 2 detects the acetone concentration in the breath of the subject. The specific configuration of the acetone concentration detection unit 2 is not particularly limited, and a known configuration can be used as appropriate. For example, an apparatus provided with an oxide semiconductor sensor (for example, SB-30: manufactured by FIS, TGS2620-C00: manufactured by Figaro Giken Co., Ltd., SC-401: manufactured by Komyo Riken, NAP-67A: manufactured by Nemoto Special Chemical, etc.) Although it can be used, it is not limited to these. The specific configuration of the acetone concentration detector 2 will be described in detail later with reference to FIG.

  The acetone concentration detection unit 2 is preferably capable of detecting at least that the acetone concentration of the subject's breath has started to rise (for example, when the acetone concentration of the breath has started to rise). More preferably, the concentration can be detected over time (continuously). This is because, according to the above configuration, it can be detected that the acetone concentration of the breath of the subject has started to rise more accurately.

  When the acetone concentration detection unit 2 detects that the acetone concentration of the subject's breath begins to increase, the information (for example, the time when the acetone concentration of the expiration begins to increase) is the exercise intensity calculation unit. 3 is transmitted. The exercise intensity calculation unit 3 calculates the exercise intensity applied to the subject at least when the acetone concentration of the subject's breath begins to increase.

  The specific configuration of the exercise intensity calculation unit 3 is not particularly limited, and a known configuration that can calculate the exercise intensity applied to the subject can be used as appropriate. For example, it is preferable that the exercise intensity calculator 3 can calculate the exercise intensity applied to the subject based on the subject's oxygen intake or heart rate.

More specifically, the exercise intensity calculation unit 3 is, for example, the following equation (1), that is,
Exercise intensity (%) = oxygen intake / (maximum oxygen intake−resting oxygen intake) × 100
... (1)
The exercise intensity applied to the subject is preferably calculated based on the above.

  The oxygen intake in the above equation (1) is intended to be the subject's oxygen intake when various intensities of exercise intensity are applied to the subject. What is the maximum oxygen intake in the equation (1)? The maximum amount of oxygen that can be taken into the subject's body when excessive exercise intensity is applied to the subject is intended, and the resting oxygen intake in equation (1) is the exercise intensity for the subject. The subject's oxygen uptake when unloaded is intended. The exercise intensity obtained by substituting the subject's oxygen intake amount into the equation (1) at least when the acetone concentration detection unit 2 detects an increase in the acetone concentration of the subject's breath is obtained by the exercise intensity calculation unit 3. Calculated.

  Therefore, it is preferable that the exercise intensity calculation unit 3 can measure values of oxygen intake, maximum oxygen intake, and resting oxygen intake, and can calculate exercise intensity based on these measured values. . In addition, since the maximum oxygen intake and the resting oxygen intake can be measured in advance, the exercise intensity calculation unit 3 can measure the oxygen intake and the oxygen intake. The exercise intensity may be calculated based on the maximum oxygen intake and the resting oxygen intake. Of course, another apparatus acquires the oxygen intake, the maximum oxygen intake, and the resting oxygen intake, and the exercise intensity calculation unit 3 obtains the oxygen intake, the maximum oxygen intake, and the resting oxygen intake acquired by the apparatus. The configuration may be such that the exercise intensity is calculated based on the quantity data.

  The values of the oxygen intake, the maximum oxygen intake, and the resting oxygen intake can be experimentally measured from the subject using a known configuration as appropriate. For example, it can be measured using a paramagnetic oxygen analyzer (3000MA: TELEDYNE ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS), an electrochemical oxygen analyzer (3010TB: TELEDYNE ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS), etc., but is not limited thereto. For example, when the treadmill is used, the exercise intensity calculated by the exercise intensity calculation unit 3 is a value calculated based on the load and inclination of the electrically driven belt, and when using a bicycle ergometer, This value is represented by the product of the weight (kilopond (kp)) and speed (m / min). Therefore, it is preferable that the exercise intensity calculation unit 3 includes a treadmill or a bicycle ergometer.

The exercise intensity calculation unit 3 is, for example, the following equation (2), that is,
Exercise intensity (%) = (Exercise heart rate-Resting heart rate) / (Maximum heart rate-Resting heart rate) x
100 (2)
Based on the above, the exercise intensity applied to the subject may be calculated. Note that the heart rate during exercise in equation (2) is intended to be the heart rate of the subject when exercise strengths of various strengths are loaded on the subject (in other words, during exercise), (2 The maximum heart rate in equation (2) is intended to be the maximum heart rate of the subject when excessive exercise intensity is applied to the subject, and the resting heart rate in equation (2) is exercise to the subject. The heart rate of the subject when the intensity is not loaded is intended. At least the exercise intensity obtained by substituting the subject's heart rate during exercise at the time when the acetone concentration detector 2 detects an increase in acetone concentration in the breath of the subject into the equation (2) is the exercise intensity calculator 3 is calculated.

  Therefore, in this case, the exercise intensity calculation unit 3 can measure the values of the heart rate during exercise, the maximum heart rate, and the resting heart rate, and can calculate the exercise intensity based on these measured values. Is preferred. Further, since the maximum heart rate and the resting heart rate can be measured in advance, the exercise intensity calculation unit 3 can measure the exercise heart rate and the exercise heart rate is measured in advance. The exercise intensity may be calculated based on the maximum heart rate and the resting heart rate.

  The values of the heart rate during exercise, the maximum heart rate, and the resting heart rate can be experimentally measured from the subject using a known configuration as appropriate. For example, it can be measured using a heart rate monitor (for example, RS800CX BIKE or FS-3c (both manufactured by Polar)), but is not limited thereto. In other words, it can be said that the exercise intensity calculation unit 3 preferably has a configuration including these heart rate monitors (for example, RS800CX BIKE or FS-3c (both manufactured by Polar)).

  As described above, there are at least two types of exercise intensity calculation processes performed by the exercise intensity calculation unit 3. Hereinafter, it will be described that the results obtained by these two types of exercise intensity calculation processes are substantially the same. That is, the maximum oxygen intake is intended to mean an oxygen intake that does not increase any more when the load is increased in the exercise test, that is, the maximum oxygen intake that can be taken into the body. Maximum oxygen uptake indicates the limit of aerobic capacity and can be a functional measure of the cardiovascular system and correlates with the proportion of slow muscle. Therefore, it can be said that the larger the value of the maximum oxygen intake, the more advantageous as an athlete.

A large amount of oxygen is consumed during the decomposition of carbohydrates or lipids to produce kinetic energy. Thus, the maximum oxygen uptake (O ₂ max) can also be an indicator of stamina. The maximum oxygen uptake of adult men is about 15% to 20% larger than the maximum oxygen uptake of adult women, but the difference is only small compared with lean body mass (LBM).

  The maximum oxygen intake can be increased by about 10% to 20% by regular training. The increase in men's maximum oxygen intake due to training stems from an increase in cardiac output and an increase in arteriovenous oxygen disparity. On the other hand, the increase in female maximum oxygen intake due to training is mainly due to an increase in cardiac output at one time.

  In addition, when the oxygen intake increases to 50% of the maximum oxygen intake, both the cardiac output and the heart rate increase in the body. If the oxygen intake further increases beyond 50% of the maximum oxygen intake, only the heart rate increases.

  As the altitude rises, the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli decreases as the atmospheric pressure decreases, and the ability of oxygen uptake into the blood decreases. The decrease in oxygen uptake capacity occurs from an altitude of about 1,500 m, and every time the altitude increases by 100 m, the oxygen uptake capacity decreases by about 1%.

  Hyperventilation during exercise is subject to neurological and humoral control. That is, neural control includes respiratory center stimulation from higher centers and respiratory center excitement by afferent stimuli from peripheral specific receptors. For humoral control, central and peripheral chemoreceptors sense oxygen and carbon dioxide partial pressures and pH in body fluids and regulate ventilation to maintain them at a constant level. A feedback mechanism is included.

  It is known that the maximum oxygen intake is reduced to a value before training by about 2 weeks of practice suspension, and about 30% is reduced by hospitalization for about 3 weeks. In addition, when the age exceeds 30 years old, the maximum oxygen intake starts to decrease by about 1.2% per year. It is known that rest and lack of exercise lead to a decrease in maximum oxygen intake, and an average maximum oxygen intake of each age can be maintained by an exercise amount of 500 cal per day (equivalent to 10,000 steps walking) or more. ing. The American College of Sports Medicine is a training program aimed at improving the endurance of the whole body. In the case of adults, the endurance exercise has a heart rate that is 60% to 90% of the predicted maximum heart rate (220-actual age). Or, endurance exercise with an oxygen intake of 50% to 80% of the maximum oxygen intake is encouraged for 20 to 60 minutes (3 to 5 times / week).

  As described above, there is a correlation between the heart rate and the oxygen intake, and the above equation (2) is a simpler expression of the above equation (1). Are the same.

  As described above, the exercise intensity calculation unit 3 calculates the exercise intensity applied to the subject when the acetone concentration of the subject's breath begins to increase. Then, the optimum exercise intensity defining unit 4 defines the optimum exercise intensity to be applied to the subject based on the value of the exercise intensity. That is, the optimal exercise intensity defining unit 4 defines the exercise intensity at which a high fat burning rate is obtained as the optimum exercise intensity based on the value of the exercise intensity.

  The optimal exercise intensity defining unit 4 describes the exercise intensity applied to the subject when the acetone concentration of the subject's breath begins to increase (in the following description, the value of the exercise intensity is described as V (%)). The specific configuration is not particularly limited as long as the optimal exercise intensity can be defined on the basis of (1). Hereinafter, a method for defining the optimum exercise intensity in the optimum exercise intensity defining unit 4 will be described.

  In the optimal exercise intensity defining unit 4, an exercise intensity in the range of V-20 (%) to V + 40 (%) is defined as the optimal exercise intensity. In addition, when “A to B” is described in this specification, “A or more and B or less” is intended.

  As will be specifically described in the examples described later, if the exercise intensity is in the range of V−20 (%) to V + 40 (%), the subject is resting regardless of whether the subject is a general person or an athlete. It becomes a fat burning rate higher than the fat burning rate at the time. Therefore, according to the said structure, the exercise intensity which can burn a test subject's fat effectively can be prescribed | regulated.

  Moreover, in the optimal exercise intensity base part 4, it is preferable to prescribe | regulate the exercise intensity which exists in the range of V-6.5 (%)-V + 30 (%) as the optimal exercise intensity added with respect to a test subject. According to the above configuration, it is possible to select an exercise intensity capable of realizing a higher fat burning rate (specifically, a fat burning rate of at least 1/2 of the maximum fat burning rate) more easily and reliably. it can.

  The exercise intensity defining device of the present embodiment includes a determination unit 5 (determination unit) that determines whether or not the subject is an athlete, in other words, whether the subject is an athlete or a general person. It is preferable. According to the said structure, the exercise intensity which can burn fat effectively according to a test subject's exercise | movement history can be prescribed | regulated easily and correctly.

  Although the specific configuration of the determination unit 5 is not particularly limited, for example, a configuration for determining whether the subject is an athlete or a general person based on the acetone concentration of breath detected by the acetone concentration detection unit 2, or Although it is possible to use the structure etc. which input whether a test subject is an athlete or a general person by users, such as a test subject, it is not limited to these. From the viewpoint of performing more accurate determination, it can be said that the configuration in which the determination is made based on the acetone concentration of the breath detected by the acetone concentration detection unit 2 is preferable. Moreover, the determination part 5 can also be provided with both of said 2 structure. In addition, when a user such as a subject performs input, it is preferable to provide a separately known input device (input means).

  In the case of a configuration in which whether the subject is an athlete or a general person is input to the determination unit 5 by a user such as a subject, the input may be performed based on the subject's own exercise history. In this case, although it does not specifically limit regarding the determination criteria which determine whether it is an athlete or a general person, For example, it is preferable to determine a person with an exercise history of 3 years or more as an athlete, and 5 years or more It is more preferable to determine a person having an exercise history as an athlete, and it is most preferable to determine a person having an exercise history of 10 years or more as an athlete. In addition, although the exercise time per day during the exercise history is not particularly limited, for example, it is preferably 30 minutes or more, and more preferably 1 hour or more. The type of exercise corresponding to the exercise history is not particularly limited, but is preferably aerobic exercise (for example, running or swimming).

  As described above, from the viewpoint of performing a more accurate determination, the determination unit 5 preferably determines whether or not the athlete is an athlete based on the acetone concentration of the breath detected by the acetone concentration detection unit 2. . As described in the examples described later, there is a difference in the acetone concentration of exhaled breath between the general public and athletes. In other words, athletes tend to have a higher acetone concentration of breath than ordinary people. Therefore, it is possible to determine whether the subject is an athlete or a general person based on the difference.

  Although the specific determination criteria in the determination part 5 are not specifically limited, For example, the determination part 5 will determine with a general person if the acetone concentration at the time of the start of the acetone concentration of expiration | expired_air is lower than 0.5 ppm, and 0. If it is 5 ppm or more, it is preferable to be able to determine that it is an athlete. Since the acetone density | concentration used as the criterion is high if it is the said structure, more suitable exercise intensity can be prescribed | regulated with respect to an athlete. Further, the determination unit 5 may determine that the person is an ordinary person if the acetone concentration is lower than 0.2 ppm at the time when the acetone concentration of the breath begins to rise, and if it is 0.2 ppm or more, the determination unit 5 may determine that the person is an athlete It is. With this configuration, since the acetone concentration as a criterion for determination is low, a more appropriate exercise intensity can be defined for the general public.

  As described above, when the determination unit 5 determines whether the subject is an athlete or a general person, it is preferable that the optimum exercise intensity defining unit 4 defines the optimum exercise intensity according to each subject. .

  Specifically, when the determination unit 5 determines that the subject is an athlete, the exercise intensity within the range of V−6.5 (%) to V + 40 (%) is determined by the optimum exercise intensity defining unit 4. Is preferably defined as the optimal exercise intensity. According to the above configuration, when the subject is an athlete, it is possible to efficiently select an exercise intensity at which the fat burning rate is approximately 1/2 or more of the maximum fat burning rate.

  On the other hand, when the determination unit 5 determines that the subject is a general person, the optimum exercise intensity defining unit 4 defines an exercise intensity in the range of V−20 (%) to V + 30 (%) as the optimum exercise intensity. It is preferred that According to the above configuration, when the subject is a general person, it is possible to efficiently select an exercise intensity that provides a fat burning rate that is approximately ½ or more of the maximum fat burning rate.

  Hereinafter, an example of a more specific configuration of the above-described acetone concentration detection unit 2 will be described with reference to FIG. 4, but the present invention is not limited to this.

  The acetone concentration detection unit 2 includes a mask 51 for collecting the breath of the subject, a hollow fiber filter 52, a valve 53, an exhalation component separation device 54, a stainless container 55, a temperature control device 56, a flow meter 57, an acetone detection sensor 58, A measurement chamber 59, a pump 60, a three-way valve 61 and a display device 62 are provided. Each configuration will be described below.

  A three-way valve 61 is provided in the exhalation discharge portion of the mask 51, and a part of the subject's exhalation is sampled by the three-way valve 61. One opening of the three-way valve 61 is opened so that exhaled air can be discharged into the atmosphere, and the other opening is connected to the hollow fiber filter 52 so that at least a part of the exhaled gas can be sampled.

  The specific configuration of the hollow fiber filter 52 is not particularly limited, and a known hollow fiber filter can be used as appropriate. For example, it is preferable to use a hollow fiber filter made of a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluorovinyl ether. More specifically, it is preferable to use a product (adopted in Examples) in which two SWT-1.5-060 / FMs manufactured by AGC Engineering Co., Ltd. are directly connected, but the present invention is not limited to this.

  The exhaled breath contains as much as 80% water. And in order to detect low concentration acetone of about ppm-ppb from the exhaled breath containing such a large amount of water, it is preferable to perform a pretreatment for removing only the moisture from the exhaled breath. Further, in order to detect acetone at a low concentration of about ppm to ppb, it is preferable to reduce the pressure loss of exhalation as much as possible. If the hollow fiber filter 52 is used, not only water but also pressure loss can be reduced.

  In order to remove moisture contained in exhaled breath, it is also possible to use an adsorbent such as silica gel. For example, silica gel can be provided in the exhalation discharge part of the mask 51 (not shown). However, since silica gel 1) has no adsorptivity to acetone, 2) needs to be regenerated, and 3) there is no pressure loss of exhaled air, it can be said that it is preferable to use the hollow fiber filter 52.

  The hollow fiber filter 52 is provided with a valve 53, and the exhalation of the subject is introduced into the exhalation component separation device 54 by opening and closing the valve 53.

  The exhalation component separation device 54 has a function of separating exhalation components (for example, acetone). Although the specific structure of the exhalation-component separation apparatus 54 is not specifically limited, For example, it is preferable that it is a gas chromatography column. Further, the specific configuration of the gas chromatography column is not particularly limited. For example, DB-ALC1 (manufactured by Agilent Technologies: adopted in Examples) can be used.

  The exhalation component separation device 54 is preferably covered with a stainless steel container 55. According to the above configuration, the separation condition of the exhalation component can be kept constant, so that an increase in the acetone concentration of the exhalation can be detected more accurately. Although the specific structure of the stainless steel container 55 is not particularly limited, for example, a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 158 mm × depth of 186 mm (SUS304, volume 3.4 L: adopted in Examples) can be used.

  The acetone concentration detector 2 preferably includes a temperature controller 56 that controls the temperature in the stainless steel container 55. Although the specific structure of the temperature control apparatus 56 is not specifically limited, For example, it is preferable to use the planar heating element represented by the film heater etc. According to the above configuration, the temperature increase rate of the exhalation component separation device 54 and the temperature in the stainless steel container 55 can be kept constant.

  The exhalation component separation device 54 is connected to a pipe provided with a valve 53, and exhalation is introduced into the measurement chamber 59 through the pipe. The pipe is preferably provided with a flow meter 57 for measuring the flow rate of exhaled air passing through the pipe. If the opening / closing operation of the valve 53 is controlled by the flow meter 57, exhaled air can be introduced into the measurement chamber 59 at a constant flow rate. In addition, the specific structure of the flowmeter 57 is not specifically limited, A well-known structure can be used suitably.

  An acetone detection sensor 58 is provided in the measurement chamber 59. The acetone detection sensor 58 measures the acetone concentration of the breath and detects an increase in the acetone concentration of the breath.

  Although it does not specifically limit as a specific structure of the measurement chamber 59, For example, it is possible to use an acrylic container (for example, a cube of 100 mm × 100 mm × 100 mm: adopted in the embodiment), but is not limited thereto. Not. According to the above configuration, the measurement conditions by the acetone detection sensor 58 can be kept constant.

  The specific configuration of the acetone detection sensor 58 is not particularly limited, and a known acetone detection sensor can be used as appropriate. For example, an oxide semiconductor sensor (SB-30; manufactured by FIS: adopted in the examples) can be used, but is not limited thereto.

  Two pipes are connected to the measurement chamber 59, one pipe is open to the atmosphere, and the other pipe is connected to the pump 60. The exhaled air after the measurement is discharged from the pipe opened to the atmosphere.

  As described above, the other pipe is connected to the pump 60. And the said pump 60 can circulate the inside of the acetone concentration detection part 2 at a fixed flow rate. The specific configuration of the pump 60 is not particularly limited, and a known pump can be used as appropriate. For example, a vacuum pump (for example, 6132-0010 manufactured by Active Co., Ltd .: employed in the embodiment), a pressure pump, a manual pump, an electric pump, or the like can be used, but is not limited thereto.

  The acetone concentration detector 2 preferably includes a display device 62 for displaying the acetone concentration measured by the acetone detection sensor 58. The display device 62 preferably displays a value obtained by converting a voltage signal obtained from the acetone detection sensor 58 into acetone concentration based on a known concentration of acetone standard gas when acetone is detected.

[2. Fat burning rate calculation system)
As shown in FIG. 2, the fat burning rate calculating system 10 of the present embodiment includes a fat burning rate calculating unit 11 (fat burning rate calculating unit), a recording unit 12 (recording unit) in addition to the exercise intensity defining device 1 described above. ) And an exercise time calculation unit 13 (exercise time calculation means). Since the exercise intensity defining device 1 has already been described, the description thereof will be omitted below, and other configurations will be described.

  The fat burning rate calculation unit 11 calculates the fat burning rate in the subject when the optimum exercise strength defined by the exercise strength defining device 1 is applied to the subject.

  The fat burning rate calculation unit 11 may be any configuration that can calculate the fat burning rate, and the specific configuration is not particularly limited. As the fat burning rate calculation unit 11, a known configuration can be used as appropriate.

The method for calculating the fat burning rate in the fat burning rate calculating unit 11 is not particularly limited. For example, the following equation (3), that is,
Fat burning rate (g / min) = Oxygen intake (L / min) at the time of optimum exercise intensity load × Amount of heat per liter of oxygen (kcal / L) × Amount of fat involved in the amount of heat per liter of oxygen (g / kcal (3)
It is preferable to calculate the fat burning rate based on the above.

  In the above equation (3), the oxygen uptake (L / min) at the time of optimal exercise intensity load is a known configuration (for example, paramagnetic oxygen analyzer (3000MA: TELEDYNE ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS), electrochemical oxygen analyzer (3010TB: TELEDYNE ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS) or the like.

  In the above equation (3), the calorie per liter of oxygen (kcal / L) is the calorie generated when desired fat is burned with 1 liter of oxygen, and can be calculated based on the respiratory quotient. is there.

  In the above formula (3), the fat ratio (g / kcal) related to the calorie per liter of oxygen is the unit calorie generated when various nutrients (sugar, fat, protein) in the body are burned by 1 liter of oxygen. When the weight of fat burned is intended, it can be calculated based on the respiratory quotient.

  More specifically, the amount of energy generated (by oxidation) by consuming 1 L of oxygen varies depending on the substrate that is metabolized (decomposed) at that time. For example, it is 5.047 kcal / L when only carbohydrates are decomposed, and 4.686 kcal / L when only fat is decomposed.

  During daily life and physical activity (except for exercise with full power), muscles consume energy and decompose (oxidize) both carbohydrate and lipid energy substrates to generate energy (mixed energy). . For this reason, the amount of energy generated per liter of oxygen differs if the ratio of sugar / lipid decomposed during physical activity is different.

  The ratio of sugars and lipids decomposed during physical activity can be calculated from the respiratory quotient (non-protein respiratory quotient). The respiratory quotient during exercise is calculated by a known method, and the ratio of substrate utilization Can be determined, for example, from the Zuntz, Schmburg, Lusk table (see Pflugers Arch. Pheysiol. 83, 557-571 (1901)).

The fat burning rate calculation system of the present embodiment has the following equation (4), that is,
Fat burning history (g) = fat burning rate (g / min) × optimum exercise intensity loading time (min)
.... (4)
It is preferable to include a recording unit 12 (recording unit) that records the fat burning history calculated based on the above.

  According to the above configuration, not only can the amount of fat already burned in the subject's body be calculated and recorded, but also the amount of fat to be burned in the future in the subject's body can be calculated and recorded. it can.

  The recording unit 12 only needs to be able to record the fat burning history calculated based on the above equation (4), and the specific configuration is not particularly limited. As the recording unit 12, a known configuration can be used as appropriate.

  The method for calculating the fat burning rate (g / min) in the above equation (4) is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to calculate by the above equation (3), for example. According to the above configuration, the fat burning rate can be calculated and recorded more easily.

  The optimum exercise intensity loading time (min) is a time for applying the optimum exercise intensity to the subject, and a desired time can be appropriately set as the optimum exercise intensity loading time. For example, if the time when the optimal exercise intensity is already applied to the subject is used as the optimal exercise intensity loading time, the amount of fat already burned in the subject's body can be calculated and recorded. On the other hand, if the time for applying the optimum exercise intensity to the future subject is used as the optimum exercise intensity loading time, the amount of fat to be burned in the future of the subject can be calculated and recorded.

The fat burning rate calculation system of the present embodiment has the following equation (5), that is,
Exercise time (min) = desired fat mass (g) / fat burning rate (g / min)
.... (5)
It is preferable to provide an exercise time calculation unit 13 (exercise time calculation means) that calculates an exercise time necessary for burning a desired fat amount based on the above.

  According to the above configuration, it is possible to calculate the exercise time necessary for burning the desired fat mass, in other words, the time for applying the optimum exercise intensity to the subject to burn the desired fat mass. .

  The exercise time calculation unit 13 may be any device that can calculate the exercise time based on the above equation (5), and the specific configuration thereof is not particularly limited. As the exercise time calculation unit 13, a known configuration can be used as appropriate.

  The method for calculating the fat burning rate (g / min) in the above formula (5) is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to calculate by the above formula (3), for example. According to the above configuration, the exercise time can be calculated more easily.

  Although it does not specifically limit as the desired fat amount (g) in said (5) Formula, For example, it is preferable to use the quantity of the fat which should be burned in a test subject's body. More specifically, the body fat percentage of the subject is measured by a known configuration and compared with the average body fat percentage of the same age and sex as the subject. Thereby, it is possible to calculate an excessive amount of fat present in the body of the subject. And it is preferable to use the said excess fat amount as the desired fat amount (g) in said (5) Formula. According to the said structure, the exercise | movement time required in order to burn the excess fat which exists in a test subject's body is computable.

[3. Exercise equipment)
As shown in FIG. 3, the exercise apparatus 20 of the present embodiment includes the exercise intensity defining device 1 described above or the fat burning rate calculation system 10 described above. In addition, since it was already demonstrated regarding the exercise intensity prescription apparatus 1 and the fat burning rate calculation system 10, the description is abbreviate | omitted here.

  The exercise apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment preferably includes an optimal exercise intensity load unit 21 (optimal exercise intensity load means) that applies a load corresponding to the above-described optimal exercise intensity to the subject.

  Although the specific structure of the optimal exercise intensity | strength load part 21 is not specifically limited, For example, it is preferable that it is an aerobic exercise device. More specifically, it is preferable that the optimum exercise intensity load unit 21 is an ergometer, a treadmill, or an exercise bike. According to the said structure, fat can be burned effectively, using a well-known structure. Note that specific configurations of the ergometer, the treadmill, and the exercise bike are not particularly limited, and known configurations can be appropriately used.

  Hereinafter, a more specific embodiment of the exercise device 20 of the present embodiment will be described based on FIG. 5, but the present invention is not limited to this.

  In the exercise apparatus shown in FIG. 5, the bicycle ergometer 71 is configured so that the optimal exercise intensity defined by the acetone concentration detection unit 2 shown in FIG. 4 and other configurations (not shown) is loaded on the subject. The pedal rotation is controlled. The pedal can be controlled by a known configuration such as radio.

  In addition, each part and each processing step of the exercise intensity defining device, the fat burning rate calculation system, and the exercise apparatus of the above-described embodiment are stored in a storage unit such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) or a RAM by a calculation unit such as a CPU. It can be realized by executing a program and controlling input means such as a keyboard, output means such as a display, or communication means such as an interface circuit.

  Therefore, various functions of the exercise intensity defining device, the fat burning rate calculation system, and the exercise apparatus of the above-described embodiment can be obtained simply by a computer having these means reading the recording medium in which the program is recorded and executing the program. Various processes can be realized. In addition, by recording the program on a removable recording medium, the various functions and various processes described above can be realized on an arbitrary computer.

  The recording medium may be a program medium such as a memory (not shown) such as a ROM for processing by a microcomputer, or a program reading device provided as an external storage device (not shown). It may be a program medium that can be read by inserting a recording medium therein.

  In any case, the stored program is preferably configured to be accessed and executed by the microprocessor. Furthermore, it is preferable that the program is read out, and the read program is downloaded to a program storage area of the microcomputer and the program is executed. The download program is preferably stored in the main unit in advance.

  The program medium is a recording medium configured to be separable from the main body, and is a tape medium such as a magnetic tape or a cassette tape, a magnetic disk such as a flexible disk or a hard disk, or a disk such as a CD / MO / MD / DVD. Fixed, including semiconductor memory such as disk system, IC card (including memory card), etc., or mask ROM, EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), flash ROM, etc. There may be a recording medium carrying a program.

  In addition, if the system configuration is capable of connecting to a communication network including the Internet, the recording medium is preferably a recording medium that fluidly carries the program so as to download the program from the communication network.

  Further, when the program is downloaded from the communication network as described above, it is preferable that the download program is stored in the main device in advance or installed from another recording medium.

[1. Correlation between exercise intensity, fat burning rate and acetone concentration-1]
Thirteen subjects (general people) were examined for correlations between exercise intensity, fat burning rate, and acetone concentration in exhaled breath. The details will be described below.

  First, height, weight, and subcutaneous fat thickness were measured for each subject by a known method.

  Each subject fasted for 8 to 12 hours, and then warmed up for 3 minutes under a load of 0.5 kp using a bicycle ergometer (such as Aero Bike 75XL3 manufactured by Combi). Thereafter, while increasing the load by 0.25 kp every minute, the subject was exercised until a load of 2.75 kp was reached or until the subject was tired.

During the exercise, the subject's electrocardiogram was continuously monitored and the subject's exhalation was collected in a Douglas bag every minute. For the collected breath, the acetone concentration was measured using an acetone sensor (SB-30, manufactured by FIS). In addition, the collected exhaled gas is measured using a gas meter and an O ₂ / CO ₂ analyzer (paramagnetic oxygen analyzer (3000MA: TELEDYNE ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS), electrochemical oxygen analyzer (3010TB: TELEDYNE ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS), etc.) And analyzed. The details of the analysis method followed the protocol attached to the O ₂ · CO ₂ analyzer.

The fat burning rate was calculated based on the following formula (3). That means
Fat burning rate (g / min) = Oxygen intake during exercise (L / min) × Amount of heat per liter of oxygen (kcal / L) × Amount of fat involved in the amount of heat per liter of oxygen (g / kcal)
(3)
As the “oxygen intake during exercise” in the above equation (3), measured values were used. In addition, “the amount of heat per liter of oxygen” and “the ratio of fat involved in the amount of heat per liter of oxygen” in the above equation (3) were obtained from the respiratory quotient.

  For example, when the respiratory quotient (RQ) is 0.964215, it is considered that a substrate composed of carbohydrates 87.2% and lipid 12.8% is metabolized based on the table of Zuntz, Schmburg, Lusk and the like. be able to. If the amount of combustion heat per gram of lipid is, for example, 7 kcal, it is possible to obtain “the amount of heat per liter of oxygen” and “the ratio of fat involved in the amount of heat per liter of oxygen”.

The exercise intensity was calculated based on the following formula (1). That means
Exercise intensity (%) = oxygen intake / (maximum oxygen intake−resting oxygen intake) × 100
(1)
At this time, each of the oxygen intake, the maximum oxygen intake, and the resting oxygen intake was measured using the above-described apparatus. A more specific measurement method was in accordance with the protocol attached to the measurement apparatus.

  The above measurement results are shown in FIG. In addition, the graph shown in FIG. 6 is described based on the average value of the data obtained from 13 subjects.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the acetone concentration increased linearly from when the exercise intensity reached 34.3 ± 5.5%. When the exercise intensity was 39.6 ± 6.0%, the fat burning rate showed a maximum value of 0.35 ± 0.13 g / min. That is, the fat burning rate showed the maximum value when the exercise intensity increased by about 5% from the exercise intensity when the acetone concentration started to increase.

  It was revealed that when the exercise intensity was further increased from the time when the fat burning rate reached the maximum value, the acetone burning concentration increased while the fat burning rate decreased.

  As for the acetone concentration of exhaled air, a concentration of about 0.18 ppm was detected even when there was no exercise load and the exercise intensity was very low (exercise intensity was about 7.5%). The fat burning rate at this time was about 0.05 g / min.

  The fat burning rate showed 1/2 or more of the maximum value when the exercise intensity was about 15% to 65%. That is, exercise that is 20% or more lower than the exercise intensity at the time when the acetone concentration starts to increase and less than the exercise intensity that is 30% higher than the exercise intensity at the time when the acetone concentration starts to increase. It was found that fat can be burned at an efficiency of 1/2 or more of the maximum fat burning rate if it is strong.

[2. Correlation between exercise intensity, fat burning rate and acetone concentration-2]
Thirteen subjects (athletes) were examined for correlations between exercise intensity, fat burning rate, and acetone concentration in exhaled breath. Various measurement methods are described in [1. Correlation between exercise intensity, fat burning rate, and acetone concentration-1] is the same as that described above.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the acetone concentration increased linearly from when the exercise intensity reached 32.5 ± 5.0%. When the exercise intensity was 50.5 ± 5.0%, the fat burning rate showed a maximum value of 0.74 ± 0.10 g / min. That is, when the exercise intensity further increased by about 18% from the exercise intensity at the time when the acetone concentration started to increase, the fat burning rate showed the maximum value.

  It was revealed that when the exercise intensity was further increased from the time when the fat burning rate reached the maximum value, the acetone burning concentration increased while the fat burning rate decreased.

  As for the acetone concentration of exhaled air, a concentration of about 0.5 ppm was detected even when there was no exercise load and exercise intensity was extremely low (exercise intensity was about 7.5%). And the fat burning rate at this time was about 0.1 g / min.

  It was when the exercise intensity was about 26.0% to 75% that the fat burning rate showed 1/2 or more of the maximum value. In other words, the exercise intensity is 6.5% lower than the exercise intensity at the time when the acetone concentration starts to increase and less than the exercise intensity 40% higher than the exercise intensity at the time when the acetone concentration starts to increase. It became clear that with a certain exercise intensity, fat could be burned with an efficiency of 1/2 or more of the maximum fat burning rate.

[3. (Correlation between lipid burning rate and acetone concentration during long-term exercise)
For 10 subjects, the correlation between the fat burning rate and the concentration of acetone in breath was examined when exercise was performed for a long time while exercising the exercise intensity at the maximum fat burning rate. Below, the examination method and the examination result will be described.

  First, after fasting for 8 to 12 hours, each subject was allowed to exercise for a long time with an exercise intensity at which the maximum fat burning rate was applied. At this time, using a bicycle ergometer (such as an aero bike 75XL3 manufactured by Combi), an exercise intensity corresponding to the maximum fat burning rate was applied to the subject.

  Moreover, the exercise intensity which becomes the maximum fat burning rate was calculated based on the maximum oxygen intake. More specifically, for the general public, an exercise intensity that is 5% higher than the exercise intensity at the time when the acetone concentration of exhalation begins to rise is defined as the exercise intensity that gives the maximum fat burning rate. An exercise intensity that is 30% higher than the exercise intensity at the time when the acetone concentration of exhalation starts to rise is defined as the exercise intensity that gives the maximum fat burning rate.

  The subject's breath was collected in Douglas bag for 3-5 minutes before exercise, during exercise (preparatory exercise and during exercise) every 15 minutes, and after exercise. The acetone concentration of the collected breath was measured with an acetone sensor (SB-30, manufactured by FIS). The specific method for measuring the acetone concentration was in accordance with the protocol attached to the acetone sensor.

  As is clear from FIG. 8, when the optimum exercise intensity (exercise intensity that gives the maximum fat burning rate) is loaded, there is a positive correlation between the acetone concentration during exercise and the fat burning rate. It became clear that it existed.

  FIG. 9 also shows that there is a positive correlation between the acetone concentration and the fat burning rate when the optimal exercise intensity is applied.

  The fat burning rate decreased after stopping exercise, but the acetone concentration increased. Also from this point, it became clear that it was difficult to find the optimum fat burning only by the acetone concentration detected by the discontinuous measurement.

  That is, as apparent from FIGS. 8 and 9, the acetone concentration of exhaled air has a positive correlation with the fat burning rate only under an appropriate exercise intensity. Therefore, when the acetone concentration is monitored by point measurement, It was revealed that there is a high possibility of misunderstanding the correlation between exercise intensity and breath acetone concentration.

  The present invention is not limited to the configurations described above, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the claims, and the technical disclosure disclosed in different embodiments and examples. Embodiments and examples obtained by appropriately combining means are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

  The present invention can be used for a lipid combustion monitoring system, an aerobic exercise apparatus (for example, an ergometer, a treadmill, or an exercise bike).

1 Exercise intensity regulating device 2 Acetone concentration detection unit (acetone concentration detection means)
3 Exercise intensity calculator (Exercise intensity calculator)
4 Optimal exercise intensity defining part (Optimum exercise intensity defining means)
5 Judgment part (judgment means)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Fat burning rate calculation system 11 Fat burning rate calculation part (Fat burning rate calculation means)
12 Recording unit (recording means)
13 Exercise time calculation unit (Exercise time calculation means)
20 Exercise equipment 21 Optimal exercise intensity load section (optimal exercise intensity load means)
51 Mask 52 Hollow Fiber Filter 53 Valve 54 Breathing Component Separation Device 55 Stainless Steel Container 56 Temperature Control Device 57 Flowmeter 58 Acetone Detection Sensor 59 Measurement Chamber 60 Pump 61 Three Way Valve 62 Display Device 71 Bicycle Ergometer

Claims (12)

Acetone concentration detection means for detecting the acetone concentration in the breath of the subject;
Exercise intensity calculating means for calculating exercise intensity applied to the subject at least when the acetone concentration starts to increase;
When the exercise intensity calculated by the exercise intensity calculating means at the time when the acetone concentration starts to rise is V (%), the exercise intensity in the range of V-20 (%) to V + 40 (%) An exercise intensity defining device comprising: optimum exercise intensity defining means for defining as an optimum exercise intensity to be applied to a subject.   The optimal exercise intensity defining means defines an exercise intensity in a range of V-6.5 (%) to V + 30 (%) as an optimum exercise intensity to be applied to the subject. The exercise intensity defining device according to Item 1. A determination means for determining whether or not the subject is an athlete;
When the determination means determines that the subject is an athlete, the optimum exercise intensity defining means defines the exercise intensity described in 1) below as the optimum exercise intensity,
The exercise intensity described in 2) below is defined as the optimum exercise intensity by the optimum exercise intensity defining means when the determination means determines that the subject is not an athlete. 2. The exercise intensity regulating device according to 1.
1) V-6.5 (%) to V + 40 (%)
2) V-20 (%) to V + 30 (%) The said exercise intensity calculation means calculates the exercise intensity applied with respect to the said test subject based on following (1) Formula, The any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Exercise intensity regulating device.
Exercise intensity (%) = oxygen intake / (maximum oxygen intake−resting oxygen intake) × 100
... (1) The said exercise intensity calculation means calculates the exercise intensity applied with respect to the said test subject based on following (2) Formula, The any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Exercise intensity regulating device.
Exercise intensity (%) = (Exercise heart rate-Resting heart rate) / (Maximum heart rate-Resting heart rate) x
100 (2) The exercise intensity defining device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A fat burning rate calculating system comprising: a fat burning rate calculating means for calculating a fat burning rate in the subject when the optimal exercise intensity is applied to the subject. The fat burning rate calculating system according to claim 6, wherein the fat burning rate calculating means calculates a fat burning rate based on the following equation (3).
Fat burning rate (g / min) = Oxygen intake (L / min) at the time of optimum exercise intensity load × Amount of heat per liter of oxygen (kcal / L) × Amount of fat involved in the amount of heat per liter of oxygen (g / kcal )
(3) The fat burning rate calculation system according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising recording means for recording a fat burning history calculated based on the following equation (4).
Fat burning history (g) = fat burning rate (g / min) × optimum exercise intensity loading time (min)
.... (4) The fat according to any one of claims 6 to 8, further comprising exercise time calculating means for calculating an exercise time necessary for burning a desired fat amount based on the following equation (5): Burning rate calculation system.
Exercise time (min) = desired fat mass (g) / fat burning rate (g / min)
.... (5)   An exercise apparatus comprising the exercise intensity defining device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the fat burning rate calculation system according to any one of claims 6 to 9.   The exercise apparatus according to claim 10, further comprising optimum exercise intensity loading means for applying a load corresponding to the optimum exercise intensity to the subject.   The exercise apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the optimum exercise intensity load means is an ergometer, a treadmill, or an exercise bike.

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