JP5257086B2 - Electronic musical instrument pedal device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pedal device for an electronic musical instrument for controlling a musical sound generation mode.

  Conventionally, it has been known to obtain an operation feeling similar to that of an acoustic piano pedal in an electronic musical instrument pedal device. For example, Patent Document 1 below includes a lever that swings by a stepping operation, and a first spring and a second spring that are provided in parallel to bias the lever, and the first step when the lever is shallow. Only the spring biases the lever, and when it is depressed more than a predetermined amount, the first spring and the second spring bias the lever. Therefore, the performer feels an operational feeling as if the pedal has become heavier in the middle of depression. In this way, an attempt is made to simulate the operation feeling of a damper pedal in an acoustic piano.

JP 2004-334008 A

  In an acoustic piano, when a performer depresses a damper pedal, it feels like the rate of change of the reaction force of the pedal changes stepwise according to the amount of displacement of the pedal. This point will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 14 shows the reaction force characteristic of the pedal lever in the forward stroke of the depression of the damper pedal of the acoustic piano. The damper pedal and damper of an acoustic piano are connected via some connecting portions. These connecting portions are provided with play. Therefore, when the depression of the damper pedal is shallow and within the range of A0 in FIG. 14, the operation is not transmitted to the damper, and the rate of change in the reaction force of the pedal is small. When the amount of displacement of the damper pedal increases and shifts to the range of A1 in FIG. 14, the stepping force starts to be transmitted to the damper via the connecting portion, and the reaction force from the elastic element of the entire connecting portion increases, partly the string The rate of change in the reaction force of the pedal increases due to the weight and friction of the damper that has begun to be lifted from. When the displacement further increases and shifts to the range of A2 in FIG. 14, the damper is completely separated from the string, and the reaction force from the elastic element of the entire connecting portion does not increase. Accordingly, the rate of change of the reaction force of the pedal becomes smaller again. A region (AH region in the figure) that enters the region A2 beyond the boundary between the regions A1 and A2 from the second half of the region A1 is referred to as a normal half pedal region. In this area AH, the advanced player can slightly change the tone color, reverberation, etc. of the generated musical tone by slightly changing the depression depth of the damper pedal. In addition, when the structure of the damper pedal, the connecting portion, and the damper is different depending on the model and manufacturer, the widths of the ranges A0, A1, AH, and A2 in FIG. 14 are also different. Further, as indicated by a broken line in FIG. 14, there is a case where there is no difference in the rate of change in the reaction force of the pedal between the areas A0 and A1. However, with the conventional electronic musical instrument pedal device as described above, it is impossible to realize the operational feeling in the range of A2 in FIG. 14 (a state in which the increase rate of the reaction force is reduced again) exceeding the range of A1 in FIG. It was. Some acoustic pianos have hysteresis in the reaction force change characteristics in the forward and backward strokes of the pedal lever, but the present invention does not consider the hysteresis characteristics of the pedal lever reaction force. .

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a pedal device for an electronic musical instrument that can realize an operation feeling similar to that of a damper pedal of an acoustic piano with a simple structure. .

  In order to achieve the above object, a feature of the present invention is that the lever (40) is supported by a fixed support member (FR) and swings by a player's stepping operation, and a spring force is applied to the lever (40). The first and second springs (45, 52, 66; 48, 58, 67) and the second springs (48, 58, 67) are supported and interlocked with the swing of the lever (40). And a movable support member (46, 53, 57, 61, 63, 65) whose displacement is restricted by a fixed support member (FR), and the first spring (45, 52, 66) is always When the lever (40) is subjected to a spring force in a direction opposite to the stepping operation of the lever (40) and the amount of depression of the lever (40) increases from the initial state and reaches a predetermined first amount of depression, Two springs (48, 58, 67) and movable support member (46, 53, 57, 63, 65) is to reduce the rate of change of the reaction force against the stepping operation in cooperation with (46, 53, 57, 63, 65).

  According to the present invention configured as described above, the rate of change of the reaction force of the lever (40) can be changed from a large rate of change to a small rate of change according to the amount of depression of the lever (40). An operational feeling similar to that of an acoustic piano damper pedal indicated by a broken line in FIG. 14 can be realized. In addition, a target function can be realized with a simple structure. Further, since the first spring (45, 52, 66) always applies to the lever (40) a spring force in a direction opposite to the stepping operation of the lever (40), the reaction force in the first stepping amount. The reaction force of the lever (40) can be stabilized even during the change of.

  Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, for example, the movable support members (46, 53, and 57) are restricted from being displaced downward from a predetermined position by the fixed support member (FR) and displaced upward. The first spring (45, 52) is provided between the fixed support member (FR) and the lever (40), and the lever (40) always exerts a spring force in a direction against the stepping operation. The second springs (48, 58) are provided between the movable support member (46, 53, 57) and the lever (40), and the lever (40) is depressed. When the lever (40) is depressed, a spring force in a direction that opposes the depression operation is applied to the lever (40) when both the ends are brought into contact with the movable support members (46, 53, 57) and the lever (40). ) Good. In this case, the movable support member (46, 53, 57) may be composed of a weight whose displacement is restricted by its own weight until the stepping amount of the lever (40) increases from the initial state and reaches the first stepping amount.

  According to the specific present invention configured as described above, when the depression amount of the lever (40) is small, the movable support member (46, 53) by the lever (40) via the second spring (48, 58). , 57), the movable support member (46, 53, 57) is stationary at a predetermined position until the weight of the movable support member (46, 53, 57) reaches its own weight. Therefore, in this state, in addition to the spring force by the first spring (45, 52), the spring force by the second spring (48, 58) is applied in parallel to the lever (40). Then, the amount of depression of the lever (40) is further increased, and the force for lifting the movable support member (46, 53, 57) by the lever (40) via the second spring (48, 58) is the movable support member. If it becomes more than the own weight of (46,53,57), a movable support member (46,53,57) will begin to be displaced upward. The stepping amount of the lever (40) when the movable support member (46, 53, 57) starts to move upward corresponds to the first stepping amount.

  When the amount of depression of the lever (40) further increases from this state, the movable support members (46, 53, 57) are displaced upward. In this state, the second spring (48, 58) is not further compressed. Therefore, in this state, the spring force of the first spring (45, 52) and the spring force of the second spring (48, 58) are applied in parallel to the lever (40), but the second spring (48 , 58) does not change, and only the spring force of the first spring (45, 52) increases. As a result, the change rate of the reaction force of the lever (40) can be changed from a large change rate to a small change rate in accordance with the depression amount of the lever (40), so that the acoustic piano shown by a broken line in FIG. Operation feeling similar to that of the damper pedal can be realized.

  In addition, when the amount of depression is drastically decreased after the lever (40) is depressed greatly, and when the amount of depression of the lever (40) is changed periodically, the lever (40) is movable by the cooperation of inertial force and spring force. It is conceivable that the support members (46, 53, 57) vibrate temporarily. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the movable support member (46, 53, 57) collides with the fixed support member (FR) and the movable support member (46, 53, 57) vibrates. This vibration is transmitted to the lever (40) via the second spring (46, 46A) and becomes a reaction force unnatural for the performer. However, in the present invention configured as described above, the spring force acting on the lever (40) includes the spring force by the first spring (45, 52) and the spring force by the second spring (48, 58). Therefore, the spring force (spring constant) by the second springs (48, 58) can be reduced. Therefore, an unnatural lever reaction force due to the vibration can be reduced. As a result, the reaction force of the lever (40) can be stabilized. Moreover, the intended function can be realized with a simple structure of two springs (45, 52; 48, 58) and a movable support member (46, 53, 57).

  Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, the movable support member is restricted from being displaced downward from the first predetermined position by the fixed support member (FR) and is allowed to move upward, so that the lever (40) The first movable support member (61) connected to be capable of power transmission and the fixed support member (FR) are displaced downward from the second predetermined position at a position spaced upward from the first predetermined position. The second movable support member (63, 65) that is restricted and allowed to move upward is constituted by the first spring (66), the fixed support member (FR) and the first movable support member. (61), and applies a spring force in a direction opposite to the stepping operation to the lever (40) via the first movable support member (61) at all times. The second spring ( 67) the first movable support member (61) and the second The movable support members (63, 65) are provided between the first movable support member (61) and the second movable support member (63, 65). 65), and when the lever (40) is depressed, a spring force in a direction opposite to the depression of the lever (40) may be applied to the lever (40). In this case, the second movable support member (63, 65) may be composed of a weight whose displacement is restricted by its own weight until the amount of depression of the lever (40) increases from the initial state and reaches the first amount of depression.

  According to another specific present invention configured as described above, when the depression amount of the lever (40) is small, the second movable support member (40) by the lever (40) via the second spring (67) is provided. The second movable support member (63, 65) is stationary at a predetermined position until the force that lifts 63, 65) reaches the weight of the second movable support member (63, 65). Therefore, in this state, in addition to the spring force by the first spring (66), the spring force by the second spring (67) is applied in parallel to the lever (40). Then, the amount of depression of the lever (40) is further increased, and the force to lift the second movable support member (63, 65) by the lever (40) via the second spring (67) is the second movable. When the weight of the support member (63, 65) becomes equal to or greater than the weight of the support member (63, 65), the second movable support member (63, 65) starts to be displaced upward. The stepping amount of the lever (40) when the second movable support member (63, 65) starts to be displaced upward corresponds to the first stepping amount.

  When the depression amount of the lever (40) further increases from this state, the second movable support member (63, 65) is displaced upward. In this state, the second spring (67) is not further compressed. Therefore, in this state, the spring force of the first spring (66) and the spring force of the second spring (67) are applied in parallel to the lever (40), but the spring force of the second spring (67) is applied. Does not change, only the spring force of the first spring (66) increases. As a result, the change rate of the reaction force of the lever (40) can be changed from a large change rate to a small change rate in accordance with the depression amount of the lever (40), so that the acoustic piano shown by a broken line in FIG. Operation feeling similar to that of the damper pedal can be realized.

  Also, in the other specific present invention, the amount of depression is rapidly increased from the state where the lever (40) is largely depressed, as in the specific present invention described with reference to FIGS. When it is reduced and when the amount of depression of the lever (40) is changed periodically, the second movable support member (63, 65) temporarily vibrates due to the cooperation of the inertial force and the spring force. It is possible to do. Furthermore, it is also conceivable that the second movable support member (63, 65) collides with the fixed support member (FR) and the second movable support member (63, 65) vibrates. However, in the case of another specific present invention, the spring force acting on the lever (40) is divided into the spring force by the first spring (66) and the spring force by the second spring (67). Therefore, the spring force by the second spring (67) can be reduced, and the unnatural lever reaction force due to the vibration can be reduced. As a result, the displacement of the first movable support member (61) is stabilized, and the reaction force of the lever (40) connected to the first movable support member (61) so that power can be transmitted can also be stabilized. In addition, a target function can be realized with a simple structure.

  Another feature of the present invention is that, when the depression amount of the lever (40) increases from the initial state and reaches a predetermined second depression amount in a depression amount region smaller than the first depression amount, The rate of change of the reaction force with respect to the stepping operation is increased by the cooperation of the second spring (48, 58, 67) and the movable support member (46, 53, 57, 61, 63, 65). .

  According to another feature of the present invention configured as described above, the rate of change in the reaction force of the lever (40) is initially small, then large, and then smaller, depending on the amount of depression of the lever (40). In this way, it is possible to increase or decrease in a stepwise manner, so that it is possible to realize an operation feeling similar to that of an acoustic piano damper pedal indicated by a solid line in FIG. In addition, a target function can be realized with a simple structure. Also in this case, since the first spring (45, 52, 66) always applies to the lever (40) a spring force in a direction that opposes the stepping operation of the lever (40), The reaction force of the lever (40) can be stabilized even when the reaction force changes in the second depression amount.

  Specifically, for example, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 12, the movable support members (46, 53, 57) are restricted from being displaced downward from a predetermined position by the fixed support members (FR) and displaced upward. The first spring (45, 52) is provided between the fixed support member (FR) and the lever (40), and the lever (40) always exerts a spring force in a direction against the stepping operation. The second springs (48, 58) are provided between the movable support member (46, 53, 57) and the lever (40), and the lever (40) is depressed. In a state where there is not, the one end is separated from the movable support member (46, 53, 57) or the lever (40), and both ends thereof are moved to the movable support member (46, 53, 57) by the stepping operation of the lever (40). And lever (40) both It is preferable that the lever (40) is configured to apply a spring force in a direction opposite to the stepping operation from the contacted state. In this case, the movable support member (46, 53, 57) may be composed of a weight whose displacement is restricted by its own weight until the stepping amount of the lever (40) increases from the initial state and reaches the first stepping amount.

  According to the specific present invention configured as described above, when the depression amount of the lever (40) is small, both ends of the second spring (48, 58) are located at the movable support member (46, 53, 57) and the lever. Since it is not in contact with (40), only the spring force by the first spring (45, 52) is applied to the lever (40). When the depression amount of the lever (40) is increased from this state, both ends of the second spring (48, 58) abut against the movable support member (46, 53, 57) and the lever (40). The stepping amount of the lever (40) when both ends of the second spring (48, 58) abut on the movable support member (46, 53, 57) and the lever (40) corresponds to the second stepping amount.

  Even if the depression amount of the lever (40) further increases from this state, the force to lift the movable support member (46, 53, 57) by the lever (40) via the second spring (48, 58) is movable. The movable support members (46, 53, 57) are stationary at predetermined positions until the weight of the support members (46, 53, 57) is reached. Therefore, in this state, in addition to the spring force by the first spring (45, 52), the spring force by the second spring (48, 58) is applied in parallel to the lever (40). Then, the amount of depression of the lever (40) is further increased, and the force for lifting the movable support member (46, 53, 57) by the lever (40) via the second spring (48, 58) is the movable support member. If it becomes more than the own weight of (46,53,57), a movable support member (46,53,57) will begin to be displaced upward. The stepping amount of the lever (40) when the movable support member (46, 53, 57) starts to move upward corresponds to the first stepping amount.

  When the depression amount of the lever (40) further increases from this state, the movable support members (46, 53, 57) are displaced upward. In this state, the second spring (48, 58) is not further compressed. Therefore, in this state, the spring force of the first spring (45, 52) and the spring force of the second spring (48, 58) are applied in parallel to the lever (40), but the second spring (48 , 58) does not change, and only the spring force of the first spring (45, 52) increases. As a result, the rate of change of the reaction force of the lever (40) can be increased or decreased stepwise in accordance with the stepping amount of the lever (40), such as first, then next, and then smaller. The operation feeling similar to that of the damper pedal of the acoustic piano indicated by the solid line in FIG. In addition, the reaction force of the lever (40) can be stabilized in the same manner as the specific present invention described with reference to FIGS. In addition, a target function can be realized with a simple structure.

  Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 13, the movable support member is restricted from being displaced downward from the first predetermined position by the fixed support member (FR) and is allowed to move upward, so that the lever (40) The first movable support member (61) connected to be capable of power transmission and the fixed support member (FR) are displaced downward from the second predetermined position at a position spaced upward from the first predetermined position. The second movable support member (63, 65) that is restricted and allowed to move upward is constituted by the first spring (66), the fixed support member (FR) and the first movable support member. (61), and applies a spring force in a direction opposite to the stepping operation to the lever (40) via the first movable support member (61) at all times. The second spring ( 67) the first movable support member (61) and the second In the state where the lever (40) is not depressed by being provided between the movable support members (63, 65), one end of the first movable support member (61) or the second movable support member (63 65) and is opposed to the stepping operation of the lever (40) from a state in which both ends thereof are in contact with both the first movable support member (61) and the second movable support member (63, 65). You may comprise so that the spring force of the direction to do may be provided to a lever (40). In this case, the second movable support member (63, 65) may be composed of a weight whose displacement is restricted by its own weight until the amount of depression of the lever (40) increases from the initial state and reaches the first amount of depression.

  According to another specific present invention configured as described above, when the stepping amount of the lever (40) is small, the first movable support member (61) is displaced upward from the first predetermined position. However, the spring force by the first spring (66) is applied to the lever (40) via the first movable support member (61). In this state, since both ends of the second spring (67) are not in contact with the first movable support member (61) and the second movable support member (63, 65), the first spring (66) Only the spring force is applied to the lever (40). When the depression amount of the lever (40) is increased from this state, both ends of the second spring (67) abut against the first movable support member (61) and the second movable support member (63, 65). The stepping amount of the lever (40) when both ends of the second spring (67) abut on the first movable support member (61) and the second movable support member (63, 65) is the second stepping amount. Correspond. Even if the depression amount of the lever (40) further increases from this state, the force to lift the second movable support member (63, 65) by the lever (40) via the second spring (67) is the second force. The second movable support member (63, 65) is stationary at a predetermined position until the dead weight of the movable support member (63, 65) is reached. Therefore, in this state, in addition to the spring force by the first spring (66), the spring force by the second spring (67) is applied in parallel to the lever (40).

  Then, the amount of depression of the lever (40) is further increased, and the force to lift the second movable support member (63, 65) by the lever (40) via the second spring (67) is the second movable. When the weight of the support member (63, 65) becomes equal to or greater than the weight of the support member (63, 65), the second movable support member (63, 65) starts to be displaced upward. The stepping amount of the lever (40) when the second movable support member (63, 65) starts to be displaced upward corresponds to the first stepping amount. When the depression amount of the lever (40) further increases from this state, the second movable support member (63, 65) is displaced upward. In this state, the second spring (67) is not further compressed. Therefore, in this state, the spring force of the first spring (66) and the spring force of the second spring (67) are applied in parallel to the lever (40), but the spring force of the second spring (67) is applied. Does not change, only the spring force of the first spring (66) increases. As a result, the rate of change of the reaction force of the lever (40) can be increased or decreased in stages, such as small first, then large, and then small, depending on the amount of depression of the lever (40). An operation feeling similar to that of an acoustic piano damper pedal indicated by a solid line in FIG. 14 can be realized. Further, the reaction force of the lever (40) can be stabilized in the same manner as other specific present invention described with reference to FIG. In addition, a target function can be realized with a simple structure.

It is a block diagram which shows the example of whole structure of the electronic musical instrument to which the pedal apparatus which concerns on the 1st thru | or 4th embodiment of this invention is applied. (A) is a side view of the pedal device according to the first embodiment. (B) is an enlarged view of the capstan attachment part. (A)-(C) is a figure which concerns on 1st Embodiment and shows the compression state of the displacement of a lever and a weight at the time of stepping-on operation of a lever, and a 1st spring and a 2nd spring. (A)-(C) is a characteristic graph which shows the change characteristic of the urging | biasing force of the 1st spring with respect to the displacement amount of a lever, and the urging | biasing force of a 2nd spring, and the reaction force of a lever concerning 1st Embodiment. (A)-(C) are the characteristic graph which shows the change characteristic of the urging | biasing force of the 1st spring and the 2nd spring with respect to the displacement amount of a lever, and the reaction force of a lever concerning the modification of 1st Embodiment. is there. It is a side view of the pedal device concerning the modification of a 1st embodiment. It is a side view of the pedal device concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is a side view of the pedal device concerning a 3rd embodiment. (A)-(D) is a figure which concerns on 3rd Embodiment and shows the displacement state of the lever and the weight at the time of stepping-on operation of a lever, and the compression state of a 1st spring and a 2nd spring. (A)-(C) is a characteristic graph which shows the change characteristic of the urging | biasing force of the 1st spring with respect to the displacement amount of a lever, the 2nd spring, and the reaction force of a lever concerning 3rd Embodiment. (A)-(C) are the characteristic graph which shows the change characteristic of the urging | biasing force of the 1st spring and the 2nd spring with respect to the displacement amount of a lever, and the reaction force of a lever concerning the modification of 3rd Embodiment. is there. It is a side view of the pedal apparatus which concerns on the modification of 3rd Embodiment. It is a side view of the pedal device concerning a 4th embodiment. It is a characteristic graph which shows the change characteristic of the reaction force with respect to the displacement amount of the lever of an acoustic piano.

a. Configuration of Entire Electronic Musical Instrument Before describing the pedal device according to each embodiment of the present invention, the configuration of the entire electronic musical instrument to which the pedal device according to each embodiment is applied will be described. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an overall configuration example of an electronic musical instrument to which a pedal device according to each embodiment is applied. The electronic musical instrument 10 includes a keyboard 11, a pedal device 12, a plurality of panel operators 13, a display 14, a tone generator circuit 15, a computer unit 16, a clock circuit 17, and an external storage device 18.

  The keyboard 11 is operated by the player's hand to designate the pitch of the generated musical sound. The operation of the keyboard 11 is detected by a detection circuit 22 connected to the bus 21, and data (for example, note data, key-on data, key-off data, etc.) representing the operation content is supplied to the computer unit 16 via the bus 21. The The pedal device 12 is operated by the performer's foot to control the musical sound generation mode of the electronic musical instrument 10. In each embodiment to be described later, the pedal device 12 is a damper pedal for imparting a damper effect to a musical sound generated by a stepping operation by a player's foot. As will be described in detail later, the operation of the pedal device 12 is detected by a detection circuit 23 connected to the bus 21, and data representing the operation content is supplied to the computer unit 16 via the bus 21. The plurality of panel operators 13 are for setting the operation of the electronic musical instrument. The operation of the panel operator 13 is detected by a detection circuit 24 connected to the bus 21, and data representing the operation content is supplied to the computer unit 16 via the bus 21. The display 14 is composed of a liquid crystal display, a CRT, etc., and displays characters, numbers, figures, etc. on the screen. The display 14 is controlled by a display circuit 25 connected to the bus 21, and display contents are designated by display instruction signals and data supplied to the display circuit 25 via the bus 21.

  The tone generator 15 is connected to the bus 21 and is based on musical tone control data (note data, key-on data, key-off data, tone color control data, volume control data, etc.) supplied from the computer unit 16 via the bus 21. A digital musical tone signal is generated, and the generated digital musical tone signal is supplied to the effect circuit 26. The effect circuit 26 is connected to the bus 21, and applies an effect to the supplied digital musical sound signal based on the effect control data supplied from the computer unit 16 via the bus 21 and supplies it to the sound system 27. . The above-described damper effect is given to the digital musical tone signal by the tone generator circuit 15 or the effect circuit 26. The sound system 27 includes a D / A converter, an amplifier, a speaker, etc., converts the supplied digital musical sound signal with the effect into an analog musical sound signal, and emits a musical sound corresponding to the analog musical sound signal. To do.

  The computer unit 16 includes a timer 16d connected to the CPU 16a in addition to the CPU 16a, the RAM 16b, and the ROM 16c connected to the bus 21, and controls the electronic musical instrument 10 by executing a program. The clock circuit 17 continuously measures the date and time. The external storage device 18 includes various recording media such as a hard disk and flash memory incorporated in the electronic musical instrument 10 and a compact disk that can be connected to the electronic musical instrument 10, and a drive unit for each of the recording media. The program can be stored and read out.

  The electronic musical instrument 10 further includes a network interface circuit 28 and a MIDI interface circuit 29. The network interface circuit 28 connects the electronic musical instrument 10 to the server device 30 via the communication network NW so as to be able to communicate. The MIDI interface circuit 29 connects the electronic musical instrument 10 to another external musical instrument or an external MIDI device 31 such as a sequencer.

b. 1st Embodiment Next, 1st Embodiment of the pedal apparatus 12 which concerns on this invention is described in detail. FIG. 2 is a side view of the pedal device of the electronic musical instrument according to the present embodiment. The lever 40 is a long plate-like member, and the front portion (left side in FIG. 2) is a stepping portion, and is wide. The lever 40 is supported by a lever support portion 41 provided on the frame FR at an intermediate portion, and a front end portion can swing in the vertical direction around the rotation center 42. Below the middle portion of the lever 40, a long lower limit stopper 43 made of an impact absorbing material such as felt extends in the lateral direction and is fixed to the frame FR. This lower limit stopper 43 restricts the downward displacement of the front portion of the lever 40. The frame FR means a structure for supporting various parts of the pedal device 12 and the housing of the pedal device 12 itself. Further, an upper limit stopper 44 similar to the lower limit stopper 43 is fixed on the frame FR below the rear part of the lever 40 and restricts the upward displacement of the front part of the lever 40.

  The upper end of the first spring 45 is fixed to the frame FR behind the rotation center 42 of the lever 40 and above the rear part of the lever 40. The lower end of the first spring 45 enters the recess 40a provided on the upper surface of the lever 40 behind the rotation center 42 of the lever 40, contacts the bottom surface of the recess 40a, and biases the rear portion of the lever 40 downward. The first spring 45 is a compression spring. Further, a metal weight 46 as a movable support member is provided in the direction of the rotation center 42 of the lever 40 and above the rear portion of the lever 40, and can be moved only in the vertical direction by a guide member (not shown). ing. Further, the downward displacement of the weight 46 is restricted by a weight lower limit stopper 47 fixed to the frame FR. The weight 46 may be molded with resin and fixed to a molded resin member with a metal mass. The weight lower limit stopper 47 is made of an impact absorbing material such as felt, and prevents an impact sound from being generated when the weight 46 collides with the frame FR. A recess 46 a is formed on the lower surface of the weight 46. The upper end of the second spring 48 enters the recess 46a and is fixed to and supported by the upper bottom surface thereof. Further, the lower end of the second spring 48 is in contact with the upper surface of the lever 40 behind the rotation center 42 of the lever 40. The second spring 48 is also a compression spring.

  A load sensor 50 for detecting the urging force of the second spring 48 (the load applied to the lever 40 which is the pedal device 12) is assembled in the recess 46a of the weight 46. The load sensor 50 detects the biasing force of the second spring 48 by electrically detecting elastic deformation (for example, by a strain gauge) due to the biasing force of the second spring 48. A displacement amount sensor 51 for detecting the displacement amount of the lever 40 is assembled above the intermediate portion of the lever 40. The displacement sensor 51 detects the displacement of the lever 40 by detecting the distance to the upper surface of the lever 40 electrically or optically (for example, by reflection of laser light). Instead of the displacement amount sensor 51, a sensor that mechanically and electrically (for example, using a variable resistor) detects the vertical displacement amount of the lever 40 may be used.

  Next, the operation of the pedal device 12 configured as described above will be described. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the displacement of the lever 40 and the weight 46 and the compressed state of the first spring 45 and the second spring 48. 4A and 4B are diagrams showing the urging force of the first spring 45 and the second spring 48 with respect to the displacement amount of the lever 40, and FIG. It is a figure showing the reaction force which lever 40 generates with the displacement of. In a state in which the lever 40 is not depressed, the rear portion of the lever 40 is urged downward by the first spring 45. Accordingly, the rear lower surface of the lever 40 comes into contact with the upper limit stopper 44, and the lever 40 is stationary, and is in the state shown in FIG. At this time, the second spring 48 has a natural length, and the urging force against the lever 40 is “0”. At this time, the weight 46 is brought into contact with the weight lower limit stopper 47 by its own weight and is stationary. At this time, the second spring 48 may be slightly compressed to urge the lever 40. In this case, the urging force of the second spring 48 is made smaller than the weight of the weight 46, The weight 46 is brought into contact with the weight lower limit stopper 47.

  When the performer depresses the lever 40 against the urging force of the first spring 45, the lever 40 starts to rotate counterclockwise in FIG. The rear part is displaced upward. Thereby, the 1st spring 45 is compressed and the urging | biasing force of the 1st spring 45 increases (A1 of FIG. 4 (A)). When the urging force of the second spring 48 is small relative to the weight of the weight 46, the weight 46 remains in contact with the weight lower limit stopper 47. Therefore, the second spring 48 also starts to be compressed, and the biasing force of the second spring 48 also increases (A1 in FIG. 4B). Thus, in this operating range (between FIGS. 3A and 3B), the reaction force of the lever 40 and the change in the reaction force are generated by the second spring 48 in addition to the first spring 45. (A1 in FIG. 4C).

  When the displacement amount of the lever 40 further increases, the biasing force of the first spring 45 further increases. (A2 in FIG. 4A). When the urging force of the second spring 48 exceeds the weight of the weight 46, the weight 46 moves upward. Therefore, the second spring 48 is not compressed any further, and the urging force of the second spring 48 does not increase (A2 in FIG. 4B). Therefore, in this operation range (between FIGS. 3B and 3C), the reaction force of the lever 40 is generated by the first spring 45 and the second spring 48, but the change of the reaction force is It is generated only by the first spring 45 (A2 in FIG. 4C). Note that the depression amount of the lever 40 when the weight 46 starts to move upward is the first depression amount.

  Then, the lower surface of the intermediate portion of the lever 40 comes into contact with the lower limit stopper 43, and the downward displacement of the front portion of the lever 40 is restricted. When the depression operation of the lever 40 is released, the first spring 45, the second spring 48, and the weight 46, which is a movable support member, operate in the reverse order of the above-described stepping forward stroke. To do. That is, the lever 40 rotates clockwise in FIG. 3C around the rotation center 42, and the lower surface of the rear portion of the lever 40 contacts the upper limit stopper 44 to return to the original state (FIG. 3A). To do.

  The detection circuit 23 detects a point at which the rate of change in the reaction force of the lever 40 changes from the change in the biasing force of the second spring 48 detected by the load sensor 50. Further, the displacement amount of the lever 40 is detected by the displacement amount sensor 51. The electronic musical instrument 10 adds a damper effect to the generated musical sound based on the change point of the rate of change of the reaction force and the displacement amount of the lever 40, and the musical tone such as the tone of the generated musical tone and the sound (acoustic effect). Control elements. In particular, in the area AH of FIG. 4C corresponding to the half pedal area AH of FIG. 14 described above, the sound source circuit 15 and the effect circuit 26 are detected by the load and displacement amount sensor 51 detected by the load sensor 50. Based on the amount of displacement, the musical tone elements such as the timbre and reverberation (sound effect) of the generated musical tone are subtly changed by the player's pedal operation. In the control of the musical tone element, the musical tone element of the generated musical tone may be controlled by only one of the load detected by the load sensor 50 and the displacement detected by the displacement sensor 51. .

  In the pedal apparatus according to the present embodiment configured as described above, the relationship between the displacement amount of the lever from the start to the end of the depression of the acoustic piano pedal and the reaction force received by the player from the pedal as shown by the broken line in FIG. It is possible to realize characteristics close to (FIG. 4C). That is, in the operation range corresponding to A0 and A1 in FIG. 14 (A1 in FIG. 4C), the biasing force to the lever 40 by the first spring 45 and the second spring 48 changes, and FIG. In the operation range corresponding to A2 (A2 in FIG. 4C), the urging force applied to the lever 40 by the first spring 45 changes. Therefore, compared with the operation range corresponding to A0 and A1 in FIG. 14 (A1 in FIG. 4C), the reaction force of the operation range corresponding to the range A2 in FIG. 14 (A2 in FIG. 4C) is larger. The rate of change can be reduced.

  The range of A3 in FIG. 14 shows the relationship between the lever displacement and the reaction force generated by the lever and link mechanism abutting against each stopper member and slightly compressing the stopper member in the acoustic piano. Show. This range corresponds to a state where the lower surface of the front portion of the lever 40 is in contact with the lower limit stopper 43 in the pedal device 12 according to the present embodiment. Therefore, in the pedal device 12 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to realize the characteristics of an acoustic piano as indicated by a broken line in FIG.

  Further, when the stepping amount is suddenly decreased after the lever 40 is largely depressed, and when the stepping amount of the lever 40 is periodically changed, the inertial force acting on the weight 46 and the spring force cooperate with each other. It is conceivable that 46 vibrates temporarily. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the weight 46 collides with the movable support member lower limit stopper 49 and the weight 46 vibrates. In particular, when the amount of depression of the lever 40 is periodically changed in the vicinity of the AH region in FIG. 4C and the frequency is close to the natural frequency of the second spring 46, the amplitude of the weight 46 increases. It is conceivable that the weight 46 periodically collides with the weight lower limit stopper 47. However, in this case, since the spring force acting on the lever 40 is divided into the spring force by the first spring 45 and the spring force by the second spring 48, the spring force by the second spring 48 is small. Therefore, an unnatural lever reaction force due to the vibration can be reduced. Therefore, the reaction force of the lever 40 can be stabilized.

  Further, due to variations in the spring constants of the first spring 45 and the second spring 48, the assembly accuracy of each part, etc., the relationship between the amount of displacement of the lever 40 and the reaction force also varies. However, in the pedal device 12 according to the present embodiment, the reaction force of the lever 40 can be detected by the load sensor 50 and the point at which the rate of change of the reaction force changes can be detected. It is possible to reliably determine which range in FIG. 14 corresponds to the amount. This makes it possible to synchronize the feeling of operation of the lever 40 received by the performer and the start and end points of musical tone elements including the damper effect imparted to the generated musical tone, the tone of the generated musical tone, and the sound (sound effect). . In addition, a pedal device having a simple structure can be realized.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, a capstan CS may be further provided. The capstan CS has a columnar head portion CSa, and a screw portion CSb having a slightly smaller diameter than the head portion CSa extends downward from the lower surface of the head portion CSa. A screw hole is provided in the upper surface of the lever 40, and the capstan CS is attached by screwing the screw part CSb into the screw hole. The outer diameter of the capstan CS is made smaller than the inner diameter of the second spring 48 so that the central axis of the second spring 48 and the central axis of the capstan CS coincide. That is, the capstan CS is disposed inside the second spring 48. When the lever 40 is not depressed, the upper end of the head portion CSa is separated from the weight 46 and faces the lower surface of the weight 46. The length of the capstan CS is adjusted so that the capstan CS comes into contact with the lower surface of the weight 46 when the lever 40 is depressed and the weight of the weight 46 becomes equal to the urging force of the second spring 48. Has been.

  In this configuration, when the weight 46 is displaced upward away from the weight lower limit stopper 47, the weight 46 is supported by the capstan CS, and the second spring 48 is not further compressed. Therefore, the weight 46 can stably move up and down, and the reaction force of the lever 40 is stabilized.

  On the other hand, the length of the capstan CS is adjusted so that the capstan CS contacts the lower surface of the weight 46 before the lever 40 is depressed and the urging force of the second spring 48 exceeds the weight of the weight 46. Also good. FIGS. 5A and 5B show the urging forces of the first spring 45 and the second spring 48 with respect to the displacement amount of the lever 40 in such a configuration. FIG. 5C shows the reaction force generated by the lever 40 as the lever 40 is displaced. For comparison, the urging force of each spring and the reaction force of the lever 40 when the capstan CS is not provided are shown by broken lines in FIG. In this case, the biasing force of the first spring 45 and the second spring 48 increases from the start of the depression of the lever 40 until the capstan CS contacts the weight 46 (A1 in FIGS. 5A and 5B). ). When the capstan CS comes into contact with the weight 46, the second spring 48 is no longer compressed, so the urging force does not increase any more (A2 in FIG. 5B). Therefore, if the force to lift the weight 46 by the lever 40 via the capstan CS and the second spring 48 is smaller than the weight of the weight 46, the weight 46 comes into contact with the weight lower limit stopper 47 and stops. On the other hand, when the force lifting the weight 46 by the lever via the capstan CS and the second spring 48 exceeds the weight of the weight 46, the weight 46 starts to be displaced upward. Note that the biasing force of the first spring 45 also increases as the amount of depression of the lever 40 increases (A2 in FIG. 5A). Therefore, the reaction force of the lever 40 increases stepwise when the capstan CS contacts the weight 46. Then, the rate of change of the reaction force after contact is smaller than that before contact of the capstan CS with the weight 46 (FIG. 5C).

  When configured in this manner, the reaction force of the lever 40 changes in a step shape at the boundary between the region where the rate of change of the reaction force is large and the region where the reaction force is small. Further, compared with the case where no capstan CS is provided, the region where the reaction force change rate is large can be narrowed (A1 in FIG. 5), and the region where the reaction force change rate is small can be widened (A2 in FIG. 5). .

  In this modification, the capstan CS is disposed inside the second spring 48. However, the capstan CS may be disposed anywhere as long as the upper end of the capstan CS faces the lower surface of the weight 46. Further, a capstan CS may be attached to the weight 46 side so that the head portion CSa of the capstan CS faces the upper surface of the lever 40.

  In the first embodiment, the upper end of the first spring 45 is fixed to the frame FR above the rear portion of the lever 40 and the lower end thereof is in contact with the upper surface of the rear portion of the lever 40. Instead of this, the lower end of the first spring 45 is fixed to the frame FR below the front portion of the lever 40, and the upper end thereof is brought into contact with the lower surface of the lever 40 in front of the rotation center 42 of the lever 40. Good. In the first embodiment, the upper end of the second spring 48 penetrates into the recess 46a of the weight 46 and is fixed to and supported by the upper bottom surface. Alternatively, a recess may be provided on the upper surface of the lever 40, the lower end of the second spring 48 is fixed and supported on the bottom surface, and the upper end may enter and contact the recess 46 a of the weight 46.

  In the first embodiment, the weight 46 is movable in the vertical direction. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 6, a weight lever 53 and a weight 57 that swing in conjunction with the lever 40 may be used. In this case, the lever 40, the lever support portion 41, the lower limit stopper 43, and the upper limit stopper 44 are configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Below the front part of the lever 40, the lower end of the first spring 52 is fixed to the frame FR, and the upper end of the first spring 52 enters a recess 40b provided on the lower surface of the lever 40 in front of the rotation center 42 of the lever 40. It abuts on the upper bottom surface and urges the front portion of the lever 40 upward. The first spring 52 is a compression spring.

  A weight lever 53 as a movable support member is provided above the rear portion of the lever 40. The weight lever 53 is a plate-like member, and is supported by a weight lever support portion 54 provided on the frame FR at the front end portion. The rear end portion can swing in the vertical direction around the rotation center 55. A weight lever lower limit stopper 56 is provided above the rear portion of the lever 40 to restrict the downward displacement of the rear portion of the weight lever 53. The weight lever lower limit stopper 56 is also made of an impact absorbing material such as felt for mitigating impact noise. A weight 57 constituting a part of the movable support member is assembled on the upper surface of the rear portion of the weight lever 53. A recess 53 a is formed on the lower surface of the rear portion of the weight lever 53. The upper end of the second spring 58 enters the recess 53a and is fixed to and supported by the upper bottom surface thereof. The lower end of the second spring 58 is in contact with the upper surface of the lever 40 behind the rotation center 42 of the lever 40. The second spring 58 is a compression spring. Similarly to the first embodiment, the load sensor 50 is assembled to the lower surface of the rear portion of the weight lever 53, and the displacement sensor 51 is assembled to the frame FR. Even if comprised in this way, the effect similar to the said 1st Embodiment is acquired.

  In the example in which the weight lever 53 is provided, the lower end of the first spring 52 is fixed to the frame FR below the intermediate portion of the lever 40, and the upper end is in contact with the lower surface of the intermediate portion of the lever 40. Instead, a spring support portion is provided on the upper surface of the lever 40 in front of the rotation center 42 of the lever 40, and the lower end of the tension spring is supported on the spring support portion. You may make it fix to FR. The upper end of the second spring 58 penetrates into the concave portion 53a of the weight lever 53 and is fixed to and supported by the upper bottom surface thereof. Instead, a concave portion is provided on the upper surface of the lever 40 behind the rotation center 42 of the lever 40, and the lower end of the second spring 58 is fixed and supported on the bottom surface, and the upper end of the second spring 58 is the weight lever. You may make it penetrate | invade into the recessed part 53a of 53, and may contact | abut.

c. Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment of the pedal device 12 according to the present invention will be described in detail. FIG. 7 is a side view of the pedal device 12 according to the present embodiment. The lever 40, lever support portion 41, lower limit stopper 43, and upper limit stopper 44 are configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The lower end of the drive rod 60 enters the recess 40c provided on the rear upper surface of the lever 40 behind the rotation center 42 of the lever 40 and is in contact with the bottom surface of the recess 40c. The drive rod 60 is a long member and extends to the rear upper part of the lever 40. A first movable support member 61 is provided above the rear portion of the lever 40, and the upper end of the drive rod 60 enters a recess 61 a provided on the lower surface of the first movable support member 61 and contacts the upper bottom surface. The drive rod 60 can be moved only in the vertical direction by a guide member (not shown).

  The first movable support member 61 is a plate-like member extending in the front-rear direction. The first movable support member 61 is supported at a rear portion by a support portion 62 fixed to the frame FR, and a front end portion can swing in the vertical direction around a rotation center 63. A second movable support member 63 is provided above the first movable support member 61. The second movable support member 63 is a plate-like member that extends in the front-rear direction similar to the first movable support member 61, is supported by the support portion 62 at the rear portion, and the front end portion is centered on the rotation center 63. It can swing in the vertical direction. A second movable support member lower limit stopper 64 fixed to the frame FR is provided above the front portion of the first movable support member 61, and restricts the downward displacement of the front portion of the second movable support member 63. The second movable support member lower limit stopper 64 is also made of an impact absorbing material such as felt for alleviating the impact sound. A weight 65 is assembled to the front portion of the second movable support member 63. The weight 65 also constitutes a movable support member integrally with the second movable support member 63. The lower end of the first spring 66 intrudes into the recess 61b provided on the upper surface side of the front portion of the first movable support member 61, and is fixed to and supported by the bottom surface. The upper end of the first spring 66 is Are fixed to the frame FR. The first spring 66 is a compression spring. The first spring 66 urges the front end of the lever 40 upward via the drive rod 60. Further, the lower end of the second spring 67 enters and is fixed to the bottom surface of the recess 61 c provided on the upper surface of the intermediate portion of the first movable support member 61, and the upper end of the second spring 67 is supported. Is in contact with the lower surface of the front portion of the second movable support member 63. Similarly to the first embodiment, the load sensor 50 is assembled to the lower surface of the front portion of the second movable support member 63, and the displacement sensor 51 is assembled to the frame FR.

  Next, the operation of the pedal device 12 configured as described above will be described. In this embodiment, the configuration is different from that of the first embodiment, but the operation is almost the same as that of the first embodiment. In a state where the lever 40 is not depressed, the first movable support member 61 is biased downward by the first spring 66, and the rear portion of the lever 40 is biased downward via the drive rod 60. Then, the lower surface of the rear portion of the lever 40 comes into contact with the upper limit stopper 44, and the lever 40 is stationary and is in the state shown in FIG. At this time, the second spring 67 has a natural length, and the urging force against the lever 40 is “0”. At this time, the second movable support member 63 is in contact with the second movable support member lower limit stopper 64 by the weight of the second movable support member 63 and the weight 65. At this time, the second spring 67 may be slightly compressed to bias the second movable support member 63, but in this case as well, the biasing force of the second spring 67 is applied to the second movable support member 63 and The second movable support member 63 is brought into contact with the second movable support member lower limit stopper 64 by making it smaller than the resultant force composed of the weight of the weight 65.

  When the performer steps on the lever 40 against the urging force of the first spring 66, the lever 40 starts to rotate counterclockwise in FIG. Displace upward. As a result, the drive rod 60 displaces the front portion of the first movable support member 61 upward. Therefore, the first spring 66 is compressed, and the urging force of the first spring 66 on the lever 40 increases (A1 in FIG. 4A). At this time, when the biasing force of the second spring 67 is small with respect to the resultant force composed of the weight of the second movable support member 63 and the weight 65, the second movable support member 63 is moved to the second movable support member lower limit stopper 64. It remains in contact. Therefore, the second spring 67 also starts to be compressed, and the biasing force of the second spring 67 increases (A1 in FIG. 4B). Accordingly, in this operation range, the reaction force of the lever 40 and the change in the reaction force are generated by the first spring 66 and the second spring 67 (A1 in FIG. 4C).

  When the urging force of the second spring 67 exceeds the weight of the second movable support member 63 and the weight 65, the front portion of the second movable support member 63 is displaced upward. Therefore, the second spring 67 is not compressed any further, and the urging force of the second spring 67 does not increase. Therefore, in this operation range, the reaction force of the lever 40 is generated by the first spring 66 and the second spring 67, but the change in the reaction force is generated only by the first spring 66 (FIG. 4C). A2). Note that the depression amount of the lever 40 when the front portion of the second movable support member 63 starts to be displaced upward is the first depression amount.

  Then, the lower surface of the intermediate portion of the lever 40 comes into contact with the lower limit stopper 43, and the downward displacement of the front portion of the lever 40 is restricted. When the depression operation of the lever 40 is released, the forward stroke of the depression described above is reversed by the urging force of the first spring 66 and the second spring 67 and the weight of the first movable support member 61 and the second movable support member 63. It works in the order. That is, the lever 40 rotates clockwise around the rotation center 42 in FIG. 7, and the lower surface of the rear portion of the lever 40 contacts the upper limit stopper 44 to return to the original state (FIG. 7). The load sensor 50 and the displacement sensor 51 operate in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the damper effect and the musical tone element of the generated musical tone are controlled in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

  Also in the pedal device according to the second embodiment configured as described above, similarly to the first embodiment, the first spring 66 and the second spring 67 according to the ranges corresponding to the respective operation ranges in FIG. The urging force by changes. As a result, a characteristic (FIG. 4 (C)) close to the relationship between the depression amount of the lever 40 from the start to the end of the depression of the acoustic piano pedal and the reaction force received by the performer from the pedal as shown by the broken line in FIG. Can be realized.

  Similarly to the first embodiment, in the present embodiment, when the depression amount of the lever 40 is suddenly decreased and when the depression amount of the lever 40 is periodically changed, the second movable support member 63 is used. It is conceivable that the second movable support member 63 temporarily vibrates due to the cooperation between the inertia force acting on the weight 65 and the spring force. Furthermore, it is also conceivable that the second movable support member 63 collides with the second movable support member lower limit stopper 64 and the second movable support member 63 vibrates. In this case, since the spring force acting on the lever 40 is divided into the spring force by the first spring 66 and the spring force by the second spring 67, the spring force by the second spring 67 is small. Therefore, an unnatural lever reaction force due to the vibration can be reduced. Therefore, the reaction force of the lever 40 can be stabilized.

  Since the load sensor 50 and the displacement sensor 51 also operate in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the operation feeling of the lever 40 received by the performer, the damper effect given to the generated musical sound, the tone of the generated musical sound, the sound (sound) It is possible to synchronize the start point and end point of musical tone elements including effects). Furthermore, a pedal device with a simple structure can be realized.

  Note that a capstan CS similar to the modification of the first embodiment may be provided between the first movable support member 61 and the second movable support member 63. Even if comprised in this way, the effect similar to the modification of the said 1st Embodiment is acquired.

  In the second embodiment, the lower end of the first spring 66 enters the recess 61b provided in the first movable support member 61, and is fixed to and supported by the bottom surface. Instead, a spring support portion is provided at the front portion of the first movable support member 61, the upper end of the tension spring is supported by the spring support portion, and the lower end thereof is fixed to the frame FR below the first movable support member 61. You may be made to do. Even if comprised in this way, the effect similar to the said 2nd Embodiment is acquired.

d. Third Embodiment Next, a third embodiment of the pedal device 12 according to the present invention will be described in detail. FIG. 8 is a side view of the pedal device of the electronic musical instrument according to the present embodiment. This embodiment has substantially the same configuration as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, but unlike the first embodiment, the lower end of the second spring 48 is separated from the lever 40 when the lever 40 is not depressed. I am letting.

  Next, the operation of the pedal device 12 configured as described above will be described. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the displacement of the lever 40 and the weight 46 and the compressed state of the first spring 45 and the second spring 48. 10 (A) and 10 (B) are views showing the urging force of the first spring 45 and the second spring 48 with respect to the displacement amount of the lever 40, and FIG. 10 (C) shows the lever. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a reaction force generated by the lever 40 with the displacement of 40. In a state in which the lever 40 is not depressed, the rear portion of the lever 40 is urged downward by the first spring 45. Accordingly, the rear lower surface of the lever 40 comes into contact with the upper limit stopper 44 and the lever 40 is stationary, and the state shown in FIG. At this time, the weight 46 is brought into contact with the weight lower limit stopper 47 by its own weight and is stationary.

  When the player steps on the lever 40 against the biasing force of the first spring 45, the lever 40 starts to rotate counterclockwise in FIG. The rear part is displaced upward. Thereby, the 1st spring 45 is compressed and the urging | biasing force of the 1st spring 45 increases (A0 of FIG. 10 (A)). The lower end of the second spring 48 does not contact the lever 40 in this operating range (FIG. 9A to FIG. 9B). Therefore, in this operation range, the reaction force of the lever 40 and the change in the reaction force are generated by the first spring 45 (A0 in FIG. 10C).

  When the lever 40 is further depressed and the amount of displacement increases, the urging force of the first spring 45 on the lever 40 further increases (A1 in FIG. 10A). On the other hand, the lower end of the second spring 48 contacts the upper surface of the lever 40. When the urging force of the second spring 48 is small with respect to the weight of the weight 46, the weight 46 remains in contact with the weight lower limit stopper 47. Therefore, the second spring 48 begins to be compressed, and the biasing force of the second spring 48 increases (A1 in FIG. 10B). Thereby, in this operation range (between FIG. 9B and FIG. 9C), the reaction force of the lever 40 and the change of the reaction force are generated by the first spring 45 and the second spring 48 ( A1) in FIG. The amount of depression of the lever 40 when the lower end of the second spring 48 abuts on the upper surface of the lever 40 is the second depression amount.

  When the displacement amount of the lever 40 further increases, the biasing force of the first spring 45 further increases. (A2 in FIG. 10A). When the urging force of the second spring 48 exceeds the weight of the weight 46, the weight 46 moves upward. Therefore, the second spring 48 is not compressed any further, and the biasing force of the second spring 48 does not increase (A2 in FIG. 10B). Therefore, in this operating range (between FIG. 9C and FIG. 9D), the reaction force of the lever 40 is generated by the first spring 45 and the second spring 48, but the change in the reaction force is It is generated only by the first spring 45 (A2 in FIG. 10C). Note that the depression amount of the lever 40 when the weight 46 starts to move upward is the first depression amount.

  Then, the lower surface of the intermediate portion of the lever 40 comes into contact with the lower limit stopper 43, and the downward displacement of the front portion of the lever 40 is restricted. When the depression operation of the lever 40 is released, the first spring 45, the second spring 48, and the weight 46, which is a movable support member, operate in the reverse order of the above-described stepping forward stroke. To do. That is, the lever 40 rotates clockwise around the rotation center 42 in FIG. 9D, and the lower surface of the rear portion of the lever 40 contacts the upper limit stopper 44 to return to the original state (FIG. 9A). To do. The load sensor 50 and the displacement sensor 51 operate in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the damper effect and the musical tone element of the generated musical tone are controlled in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

  In the pedal device according to the present embodiment configured as described above, the relationship between the amount of displacement of the lever from the start to the end of the pedal of the acoustic piano as shown by the solid line in FIG. 14 and the reaction force that the player receives from the pedal A characteristic close to that (FIG. 10C) can be realized. That is, in the operation range corresponding to A0 in FIG. 14 (A0 in FIG. 10C), the biasing force applied to the lever 40 by the first spring 45 changes, and the operation range corresponding to A1 in FIG. In (1) A1) of FIG. 10 (C), in addition to the first spring 45, the urging force applied to the lever 40 by the second spring 48 changes. Therefore, the rate of change in the reaction force in the operation range corresponding to the range A1 in FIG. 14 (A1 in FIG. 10C) compared to the operation range corresponding to A0 in FIG. 14 (A0 in FIG. 10C). Can be increased. In the operation range corresponding to A2 in FIG. 14 (A2 in FIG. 10C), only the urging force by the first spring 45 changes. Therefore, the change rate of the reaction force in the operation range corresponding to the range A2 in FIG. 14 (A2 in FIG. 10C) as compared to the operation range corresponding to A1 in FIG. 14 (A1 in FIG. 10C). Can be reduced. Therefore, in the pedal device 12 according to the present embodiment, the characteristics of an acoustic piano as shown by the solid line in FIG. 14 can be realized.

  Similarly to the first embodiment, also in this embodiment, when the amount of depression of the lever 40 is suddenly decreased and when the amount of depression of the lever 40 is changed periodically, the inertial force that acts on the weight 46 is applied. It is conceivable that the weight 46 temporarily vibrates due to the cooperation of the spring force. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the weight 46 collides with the movable support member lower limit stopper 49 and the weight 46 vibrates. In this case, since the spring force acting on the lever 40 is shared by the spring force by the first spring 45 and the spring force by the second spring 48, the spring force by the second spring 48 is small. Therefore, an unnatural lever reaction force due to the vibration can be reduced. Therefore, the reaction force of the lever 40 can be stabilized.

  Further, since the load sensor 50 and the displacement sensor 51 operate in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the operation feeling of the lever 40 received by the performer, the damper effect given to the generated musical sound, the tone of the generated musical sound, the sound (sound) It is possible to synchronize the start point and end point of musical tone elements including effects). In addition, a pedal device having a simple structure can be realized.

  Note that a capstan CS similar to the modification of the first embodiment may be provided between the weight 46 and the lever 40. When comprised in this way, the reaction force of the lever 40 can be stabilized similarly to the modification of 1st Embodiment. Further, the capstan CS may come into contact with the weight 46 before the urging force of the second spring 46 exceeds the resultant force composed of the weight of the weight 46. FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B show the urging forces of the first spring 45 and the second spring 48 with respect to the displacement amount of the lever 40 in such a configuration. FIG. 11C shows the reaction force generated by the lever 40 as the lever 40 is displaced. For comparison, the urging force of each spring and the reaction force of the lever 40 when the capstan CS is not provided are shown by broken lines in FIG. From the start of depression of the lever 40 until the second spring 46 contacts the lever 40, only the urging force of the first spring 45 increases (A0 in FIG. 11A). The biasing force of the first spring 45 and the second spring 46 increases from when the second spring 46 contacts the lever 40 until when the capstan CS contacts the weight 46 (FIG. 11A). A1 in FIG. 11 and A1 in FIG. When the capstan CS comes into contact with the weight 46 and the amount of depression further increases, the urging force of the first spring 45 increases with the increase, and the urging force of the second spring 46 does not increase any more (FIG. 11 ( A) of A) to (C). With this configuration, the reaction force of the lever 40 changes stepwise at the boundary between the region where the rate of change in reaction force is large and the region where the reaction force is small, so that the player can easily recognize the boundary. Further, compared with the case where no capstan CS is provided, the region where the reaction force change rate is large can be narrowed (A1 in FIG. 11), and the region where the reaction force change rate is small can be widened (A2 in FIG. 11). .

  Moreover, you may change the attachment position of the 1st spring 45 similarly to the modification of 1st Embodiment. In the third embodiment, the lower end of the second spring 48 is separated from the lever 40 when the lever 40 is not depressed. However, instead of this, a recess may be provided on the upper surface of the lever 40 so that the lower end of the second spring 48 enters and is fixed to the recess and the upper end is separated from the weight 46. Further, as shown in FIG. 12, the movable support member 46 may be a weight lever 53 and a weight 57 that swing in conjunction with the lever 40. In the modification of FIG. 12, the lower end of the second spring 58 of the modification of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is separated from the lever 40 when the lever 40 is not depressed. In this case as well, a recess may be provided on the upper surface of the lever 40 so that the lower end of the second spring 58 enters and is fixed to the recess and the upper end is separated from the weight lever 53. Even if it comprises in these ways, the effect similar to the said 3rd Embodiment is acquired.

e. 4th Embodiment Next, 4th Embodiment of the pedal apparatus 12 concerning this invention is described in detail. FIG. 13 is a side view of the pedal device 12 according to the present embodiment. This embodiment has substantially the same configuration as the second embodiment shown in FIG. 7, but unlike the second embodiment, the lower end of the second spring 67 is supported by the first movable support when the lever 40 is not depressed. It is separated from the member 61.

  Next, the operation of the pedal device 12 configured as described above will be described. In a state where the lever 40 is not depressed, the first movable support member 61 is biased downward by the first spring 66, and the rear portion of the lever 40 is biased downward via the drive rod 60. Then, the lower surface of the rear portion of the lever 40 comes into contact with the upper limit stopper 44, and the lever 40 is stationary, and is in the state shown in FIG. At this time, due to the weight of the weight 65 and the second movable support member 63, the second movable support member 63 rotates counterclockwise in FIG. 13 around the rotation center 63, and the front portion of the second movable support member 63. The lower surface is in contact with the second movable support member lower limit stopper 64 and is stationary.

  When the performer steps on the lever 40 against the urging force of the first spring 66, the lever 40 starts to rotate counterclockwise in FIG. 13 about the rotation center 42, and the rear part of the lever 40 Displace upward. As a result, the drive rod 60 displaces the front portion of the first movable support member 61 upward. Therefore, the first spring 66 is compressed, and the urging force of the first spring 66 on the lever 40 increases (A0 in FIG. 10A). The lower end of the second spring 67 does not contact the first movable support member 61 in this operation range. Therefore, in this operating range, the reaction force of the lever 40 and the change of the reaction force are generated by the biasing force of the first spring 66 (A0 in FIG. 10C).

  When the lever 40 is further depressed and the amount of displacement increases, the urging force of the first spring 66 on the lever 40 further increases (A1 in FIG. 10A). On the other hand, the lower end of the second spring 67 contacts the upper surface of the first movable support member 61. When the urging force of the second spring 67 is small relative to the weight of the second movable support member 63 and the weight 65, the second movable support member 63 remains in contact with the second movable support member lower limit stopper 64. It has become. Therefore, the second spring 67 also starts to be compressed, and the urging force of the second spring 67 also increases (A1 in FIG. 10B). Thereby, in this operation range, the reaction force of the lever 40 and the change of the reaction force are generated by the first spring 66 and the second spring 67 (A1 in FIG. 10C). Note that the stepping amount of the lever 40 when the lower end of the second spring 67 contacts the upper surface of the first movable support member 61 is the second stepping amount.

  And when the urging | biasing force of the 2nd spring 67 exceeds the resultant force which consists of the self-weight of the 2nd movable support member 63 and the weight 65, the front part of the 2nd movable support member 63 will be displaced upwards. Therefore, the second spring 67 is not compressed any further, and the urging force of the second spring 67 does not increase. Accordingly, the reaction force of the lever 40 is generated by the first spring 66 and the second spring 67, but the change of the reaction force is generated only by the first spring 66 (A2 in FIG. 10C). Note that the depression amount of the lever 40 when the front portion of the second movable support member 63 starts to be displaced upward is the first depression amount.

  Then, the lower surface of the intermediate portion of the lever 40 comes into contact with the lower limit stopper 43, and the downward displacement of the front portion of the lever 40 is restricted. When the operation of the lever 40 is released, the levers are operated in the reverse order of the stepping forward stroke by the urging force of the first spring 66 and the second spring 67 and the weight of the first movable support member 61. That is, the lever 40 rotates clockwise around the rotation center 42 in FIG. 13, and the lower surface of the rear portion of the lever 40 contacts the upper limit stopper 44 to return to the original state (FIG. 13). The load sensor 50 and the displacement sensor 51 operate in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the damper effect and the musical tone element of the generated musical tone are controlled in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

  Also in the pedal device according to the fourth embodiment configured as described above, similarly to the third embodiment, the first spring 66 and the second spring 67 according to the ranges corresponding to the respective operation ranges in FIG. The urging force by changes. As a result, a characteristic (FIG. 10 (C)) close to the relationship between the depression amount of the lever from the start to the end of the pedal of the acoustic piano and the reaction force received by the player from the pedal as shown by the solid line in FIG. 14 is realized. be able to.

  Similarly to the first embodiment, in the present embodiment, when the depression amount of the lever 40 is suddenly decreased and when the depression amount of the lever 40 is periodically changed, the second movable support member 63 is used. It is conceivable that the second movable support member 63 temporarily vibrates due to the cooperation between the inertia force acting on the weight 65 and the spring force. Furthermore, it is also conceivable that the second movable support member 63 collides with the second movable support member lower limit stopper 64 and the second movable support member vibrates. In this case, since the spring force acting on the lever 40 is divided into the spring force by the first spring 66 and the spring force by the second spring 67, the spring force by the second spring 67 is small. Therefore, an unnatural lever reaction force due to the vibration can be reduced. Therefore, the reaction force of the lever 40 can be stabilized.

  Since the load sensor 50 and the displacement sensor 51 also operate in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the operation feeling of the lever 40 received by the performer, the damper effect given to the generated musical sound, the tone of the generated musical sound, the sound (sound) It is possible to synchronize the start point and end point of musical tone elements including effects). Furthermore, a pedal device with a simple structure can be realized.

  Note that a capstan CS similar to the modification of the first embodiment may be provided between the first movable support member 61 and the second movable support member 63. Further, the first spring 66 may be a tension spring as in the modification of the second embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, the lower end of the second spring 67 is separated from the first movable support member 61 when the lever 40 is not depressed. However, instead of this, the lower end of the second spring 67 may enter and be fixed to the recess 61c, and the upper end may be separated from the second movable support member 63. Even if comprised in this way, the effect similar to the modification of the said 1st Embodiment is acquired.

  Moreover, in the said 1st thru | or 4th embodiment, the pedal apparatus 12 was applied to the damper pedal of the electronic musical instrument. However, the pedal device 12 is also applied to pedals such as a sostenuto pedal and a soft pedal of an electronic musical instrument.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Electronic musical instrument, 11 ... Keyboard, 12 ... Pedal device, 15 ... Sound source circuit, 16 ... Computer part, 40 ... Lever, 41 ... Lever support part, 43. ..Lower limit stopper, 44 ... Upper limit stopper, 45,52,66 ... First spring, 46,57,65 ... Weight, 47 ... Weight lower limit stopper, 48,58,67 ... Second spring, 50 ... load sensor, 51 ... displacement sensor, 53 ... weight lever, 56 ... weight lever lower limit stopper, 61 ... first movable support member, 63 ...・ Second movable support member

Claims (8)

A lever that is supported by a fixed support member and swings when the player performs a stepping operation;
First and second springs for applying a spring force to the lever;
A movable support member that supports the second spring and is displaced in conjunction with the swing of the lever, and the displacement is regulated by the fixed support member;
The first spring always applies a spring force to the lever in a direction opposite to the stepping operation of the lever,
When the stepping amount of the lever increases from the initial state and reaches a predetermined first stepping amount, the rate of change in the reaction force with respect to the stepping operation is reduced by the cooperation of the second spring and the movable support member. An electronic musical instrument pedal device characterized in that the electronic musical instrument pedal device is provided. The pedal device for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1,
The movable support member is restricted from being displaced downward from a predetermined position by the fixed support member and is allowed to be displaced upward.
The first spring is provided between the fixed support member and the lever, and constantly applies a spring force in a direction against the stepping operation to the lever.
The second spring is provided between the movable support member and the lever. When the lever is not depressed, both ends are brought into contact with the movable support member and the lever, and the lever is depressed. A pedal device for an electronic musical instrument that sometimes imparts a spring force in a direction opposite to the stepping operation to the lever. The pedal device for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1,
A first movable member connected to the lever so as to be able to transmit power is allowed to move the movable support member downward from the first predetermined position by the fixed support member and allowed to move upward. And a second movable support member that is restricted from being displaced downward from the second predetermined position spaced upward from the first predetermined position by the fixed support member and allowed to move upward. And
The first spring is provided between the fixed support member and the first movable support member, and constantly applies a spring force in a direction against the stepping operation via the first movable support member. To the lever,
The second spring is provided between the first movable support member and the second movable support member, and both ends of the second spring are disposed in the state where the lever is not depressed. And a pedal device for an electronic musical instrument that is brought into contact with the second movable support member and applies a spring force in a direction opposite to the stepping operation of the lever to the lever during the stepping operation of the lever. The pedal device for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, further comprising:
In the depression amount region smaller than the first depression amount, when the depression amount of the lever increases from the initial state and reaches a predetermined second depression amount, the second spring and the movable support member cooperate. A pedal device for an electronic musical instrument that increases the rate of change of the reaction force with respect to the stepping operation. The electronic musical instrument pedal device according to claim 4,
The movable support member is restricted from being displaced downward from a predetermined position by the fixed support member and is allowed to be displaced upward.
The first spring is provided between the fixed support member and the lever, and constantly applies a spring force in a direction against the stepping operation to the lever.
One end of the second spring is separated from the movable support member or the lever when the lever is not depressed, and both ends of the second spring are moved to the movable support member and the lever by the depression of the lever. A pedal device for an electronic musical instrument, which applies to the lever a spring force in a direction that opposes the stepping operation from a state in contact with both of the levers. The electronic musical instrument pedal device according to claim 4,
A first movable member connected to the lever so as to be able to transmit power is allowed to move the movable support member downward from the first predetermined position by the fixed support member and allowed to move upward. A support member; and a second movable support member that is restricted from being displaced downward from a second predetermined position spaced upward from the first predetermined position by the fixed support member and is allowed to move upward. Consisting of
The first spring is provided between the fixed support member and the first movable support member, and constantly applies a spring force in a direction against the stepping operation via the first movable support member. To the lever,
The second spring is provided between the first movable support member and the second movable support member. When the lever is not depressed, one end of the second spring is supported by the first movable support member. A direction that opposes the stepping operation of the lever from a state where both ends of the member or the second movable support member are in contact with both the first movable support member and the second movable support member. A pedal device for an electronic musical instrument that imparts a spring force to the lever. The pedal device for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 2 or 5,
The electronic musical instrument pedal device, wherein the movable support member is a weight whose displacement is regulated by its own weight until an amount of depression of the lever increases from an initial state and reaches the first amount of depression. The pedal device for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 3 or 6,
The pedal device of the electronic musical instrument, wherein the second movable support member is a weight whose displacement is restricted by its own weight until the amount of depression of the lever increases from an initial state and reaches the first amount of depression.

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