JP5256254B2 - Drying method of hydraulic material - Google Patents
Drying method of hydraulic material Download PDFInfo
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- JP5256254B2 JP5256254B2 JP2010160487A JP2010160487A JP5256254B2 JP 5256254 B2 JP5256254 B2 JP 5256254B2 JP 2010160487 A JP2010160487 A JP 2010160487A JP 2010160487 A JP2010160487 A JP 2010160487A JP 5256254 B2 JP5256254 B2 JP 5256254B2
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 92
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims description 52
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 106
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000003230 hygroscopic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 15
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
Description
本発明は、含水状態の水硬性材料の乾燥方法に関し、特に、密閉空間内の湿度を所望の湿度に調湿して乾燥させる水硬性材料の乾燥方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for drying a water-containing hydraulic material, and more particularly to a method for drying a hydraulic material in which the humidity in a sealed space is adjusted to a desired humidity and dried.
従来から、含水状態の水硬性材料（コンクリート等）を乾燥させて得られる水硬性硬化体の品質評価として、含水状態にある水硬性材料を乾燥させた際の乾燥収縮試験、例えば、乾燥収縮ひずみや乾燥収縮応力などの試験が行われている。該乾燥収縮試験を行う際には、含水状態の水硬性材料（以下、含水材料と記す）を所定の温度及び湿度の下で乾燥させる必要がある。特に、含水材料を乾燥させる際の湿度は、含水材料から蒸発する水分量に影響を与えるものであり、所望する湿度からのズレや変動が試験結果に大きな影響を及ぼす原因となる。このため、含水材料を乾燥させる際には、所望する湿度からのズレや変動が抑制された環境の下で乾燥させる必要がある。 Conventionally, as a quality evaluation of a hydraulic cured body obtained by drying a water-containing hydraulic material (concrete, etc.), a drying shrinkage test when drying a water-containing hydraulic material, for example, drying shrinkage strain And tests such as drying shrinkage stress. When performing the drying shrinkage test, it is necessary to dry a hydraulic material in a water-containing state (hereinafter referred to as a water-containing material) under a predetermined temperature and humidity. In particular, the humidity at which the water-containing material is dried affects the amount of water evaporated from the water-containing material, and deviation or fluctuation from the desired humidity greatly affects the test results. For this reason, when drying a water-containing material, it is necessary to dry in the environment where the shift | offset | difference and fluctuation | variation from desired humidity were suppressed.
含水材料を所望する湿度のもとで乾燥する方法の一つとして、恒温恒湿実験室内で乾燥する方法が採用されている。該恒温恒湿実験室には、冷凍機、ヒーター及び加湿器等の湿度制御器等が備えられ、実験室内を所望の湿度に調湿可能に構成されている。 As one method for drying a water-containing material under a desired humidity, a method for drying in a constant temperature and humidity laboratory is employed. The constant temperature and humidity laboratory is equipped with a humidity controller such as a refrigerator, a heater, and a humidifier, and is configured to be able to adjust the humidity to a desired humidity.
また、別な方法としては、小規模な密閉空間に含水材料と所定の平衡湿度を有する一の調湿液とを配置し、調湿液の作用によって密閉空間の湿度を調湿して乾燥する方法が採用されている。該調湿液は、密閉空間内の湿度が平衡湿度よりも高い場合には、密閉空間の湿気を吸湿し、平衡湿度よりも低い場合には、水分を蒸発することで、密閉空間の湿度を平衡湿度に調湿する性質を有するものである。このため、所望する密閉空間の湿度に略等しい平衡湿度を有する調湿液を選択することで、密閉空間の湿度を所望する湿度に調湿することが可能となる。 As another method, a water-containing material and a humidity control liquid having a predetermined equilibrium humidity are arranged in a small sealed space, and the humidity of the sealed space is adjusted and dried by the action of the humidity control liquid. The method is adopted. The humidity control liquid absorbs moisture in the sealed space when the humidity in the sealed space is higher than the equilibrium humidity, and evaporates moisture when the humidity in the sealed space is lower than the equilibrium humidity. It has the property of adjusting humidity to equilibrium humidity. For this reason, it becomes possible to adjust the humidity of the sealed space to a desired humidity by selecting a humidity control liquid having an equilibrium humidity substantially equal to the humidity of the desired sealed space.
しかしながら、前記恒温恒湿実験室は、設置するために大きなスペースが必要であるため、実験室全体が大規模となってしまうのに加え、湿度制御器等の設備に多大な費用が必要となってしまう。このため、限られた場所にしか恒温恒湿実験室を設置することができず、含水材料の乾燥を簡易的に行う必要がある場合には適した方法でない場合がある。 However, since the constant temperature and humidity laboratory requires a large space for installation, the entire laboratory becomes large-scale, and in addition, the equipment such as a humidity controller requires a large amount of cost. End up. For this reason, a constant temperature and humidity laboratory can be installed only in a limited place, and it may not be a suitable method when it is necessary to simply dry the water-containing material.
一方、調湿液を用いる場合には、小規模な密閉空間で乾燥を行うことができるため、湿度制御器等を必要とせず、簡便に乾燥を行なうことが可能であるが、含水材料を密閉空間に配置した直後から、含水材料から蒸発する水分の影響で密閉空間の湿度が急激に高くなることがある。このため、調湿液の吸湿作用が間に合わず、所望する湿度（調湿液の平衡湿度）に達するまでに長時間を有してしまうことがある。このため、所望する湿度からズレた条件の下での含水材料の乾燥が長時間続くこととなり、試験結果にズレが生じてしまう可能性がある。 On the other hand, when a humidity control liquid is used, drying can be performed in a small sealed space, so that a humidity controller or the like is not required, and drying can be easily performed. Immediately after being placed in the space, the humidity of the sealed space may rapidly increase due to the moisture evaporated from the water-containing material. For this reason, the moisture absorbing action of the humidity control liquid is not in time, and it may take a long time to reach the desired humidity (equilibrium humidity of the humidity control liquid). For this reason, the drying of the water-containing material under conditions deviating from the desired humidity will continue for a long time, and the test result may be deviated.
そこで、本発明は、このような従来技術の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、大規模な設備を用いることなく簡便に含水材料の乾燥を行うことを目的とすると共に、密閉空間の湿度が急激に上昇するのを抑制することで、所望の湿度からのズレを抑制し、安定した湿度条件で含水材料を乾燥させることを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and has an object of simply drying a water-containing material without using a large-scale facility, and the humidity of a sealed space. An object of the present invention is to suppress a deviation from a desired humidity by suppressing the rapid increase in the water content and to dry the water-containing material under a stable humidity condition.
本発明にかかる水硬性材料の乾燥方法は、含水状態の水硬性材料と所定の平衡湿度を有する第１調湿液とを密閉空間に配置し、該密閉空間の湿度を調湿して水硬性材料を乾燥させる水硬性材料の乾燥方法であって、前記密閉空間に前記第１調湿液を配置して密閉空間の湿度を第１調湿液の平衡湿度に調湿した後、第１調湿液よりも平衡湿度の低い第２調湿液又は平衡湿度を有さない吸湿剤の少なくとも一方と前記水硬性材料とを密閉空間に配置し、又は、前記第２調湿液又は前記吸湿剤の少なくとも一方を前記第１調湿液と共に前記密閉空間に配置して該密閉空間の湿度を第１調湿液の平衡湿度に調湿した後、前記水硬性材料を密閉空間に配置し、該密閉空間の湿度を第１調湿液の平衡湿度に維持することを特徴とする。 The method for drying a hydraulic material according to the present invention includes placing a hydraulic material in a water-containing state and a first humidity control liquid having a predetermined equilibrium humidity in a sealed space, and adjusting the humidity of the sealed space to hydraulic properties. A hydraulic material drying method for drying a material , wherein the first humidity control liquid is disposed in the sealed space and the humidity of the sealed space is adjusted to the equilibrium humidity of the first humidity control liquid, and then the first control is performed. At least one of a second humidity adjusting liquid having a lower equilibrium humidity than the wet liquid or a hygroscopic agent having no equilibrium humidity and the hydraulic material are disposed in a sealed space, or the second humidity adjusting liquid or the hygroscopic agent. Is disposed in the sealed space together with the first humidity control liquid and the humidity of the sealed space is adjusted to the equilibrium humidity of the first humidity control liquid, and then the hydraulic material is disposed in the sealed space, The humidity of the sealed space is maintained at the equilibrium humidity of the first humidity control liquid.
かかる構成の水硬性材料の乾燥方法によれば、含水状態の水硬性材料と所定の平衡湿度を有する第１調湿液とを密閉空間に配置し、第１調湿液よりも平衡湿度の低い第２調湿液又は平衡湿度を有さない吸湿剤の少なくとも一方を前記密閉空間に更に配置することで、密閉空間の湿度が急激に上昇するのを抑制することができる。 According to the drying method of the hydraulic material having such a configuration, the hydraulic material in a water-containing state and the first humidity control liquid having a predetermined equilibrium humidity are arranged in a sealed space, and the equilibrium humidity is lower than that of the first humidity control liquid. By further disposing at least one of the second humidity control liquid or the hygroscopic agent having no equilibrium humidity in the sealed space, it is possible to suppress the humidity in the sealed space from rapidly increasing.
具体的には、密閉空間に含水状態の水硬性材料を配置すると、水硬性材料から蒸発する水分によって、密閉空間の湿度が急激に高くなる。このため、第１調湿液の調湿作用のみでは所望する湿度（第１調湿液の平衡湿度）となるまでに長時間かかってしまう。しかしながら、前記第２調湿液又は吸湿剤の少なくとも一方を第１調湿液と密閉空間で併存させることで、密閉空間の湿気が迅速に吸湿され、密閉空間の湿度が急激に高くなってしまうのを抑制することができる。このため、密閉空間の湿度を迅速に所望する湿度へ調湿することが可能となる。
なお、調湿液とは、密閉空間に配置された状態において、周囲の湿度が平衡湿度よりも高い場合には密閉空間の湿気を吸湿し、周囲の湿度が低い場合には水分を密閉空間に蒸発することで密閉空間の湿度を平衡湿度に維持する性質を有するものである。ここで、湿度とは、空気中の水蒸気量をその空気の飽和水蒸気量で除した相対湿度で表されるものである。
Specifically, when a water-containing hydraulic material is disposed in the sealed space, the humidity of the sealed space is rapidly increased by moisture evaporated from the hydraulic material. For this reason, it takes a long time to reach the desired humidity (equilibrium humidity of the first humidity control liquid) only with the humidity control action of the first humidity control liquid. However, by causing at least one of the second humidity control liquid or the moisture absorbent to coexist in the sealed space with the first humidity control liquid, the moisture in the sealed space is quickly absorbed, and the humidity in the sealed space is rapidly increased. Can be suppressed. For this reason, it becomes possible to quickly adjust the humidity of the sealed space to a desired humidity.
Note that the humidity control liquid absorbs moisture in the sealed space when the ambient humidity is higher than the equilibrium humidity in a state where it is placed in the sealed space, and absorbs moisture into the sealed space when the ambient humidity is low. It has the property of maintaining the humidity of the sealed space at an equilibrium humidity by evaporating. Here, the humidity is expressed by a relative humidity obtained by dividing the amount of water vapor in the air by the amount of saturated water vapor in the air.
また、本発明にかかる水硬性材料の乾燥方法は、前記水硬性材料がセメント系材料であることが好ましい。 In the method for drying a hydraulic material according to the present invention, the hydraulic material is preferably a cement-based material.
また、本発明にかかる水硬性材料の乾燥方法は、前記第１調湿液が、平衡湿度が６０±５％の塩飽和水溶液であることが好ましい。 In the method for drying a hydraulic material according to the present invention, the first humidity control liquid is preferably a salt saturated aqueous solution having an equilibrium humidity of 60 ± 5%.
また、本発明にかかる水硬性材料の乾燥方法は、前記第１調湿液と共に、第１調湿液よりも平衡湿度の低い前記第２調湿液を更に配置し、該第２調湿液として、平衡湿度が５０％以下の塩飽和水溶液を用いることが好ましい。 Moreover, the drying method of the hydraulic material concerning this invention arrange | positions the said 2nd humidity control liquid whose equilibrium humidity is lower than a 1st humidity control liquid with the said 1st humidity control liquid further, and this 2nd humidity control liquid It is preferable to use a salt saturated aqueous solution having an equilibrium humidity of 50% or less.
かかる構成の水硬性材料の乾燥方法によれば、前記第１調湿液よりも平衡湿度の低い第２調湿液を密閉空間内に併存させることで、密閉空間の湿度を迅速に低下させることができる。具体的には、密閉空間の湿度が第１調湿液の平衡湿度よりも高い状態において、第２調湿液の吸湿速度は第１調湿液の吸湿速度よりも早くなるため、第１調湿液のみが密閉空間内に配置された場合よりも密閉空間内の湿度を迅速に低下させることができる。 According to the drying method of the hydraulic material having such a configuration, the humidity of the sealed space can be quickly reduced by causing the second humidity control liquid having a lower equilibrium humidity than the first humidity control liquid to coexist in the sealed space. Can do. Specifically, in the state where the humidity of the sealed space is higher than the equilibrium humidity of the first humidity control liquid, the moisture absorption rate of the second humidity control liquid is faster than the moisture absorption rate of the first humidity control liquid. The humidity in the sealed space can be reduced more quickly than when only the dampening liquid is disposed in the sealed space.
また、本発明にかかる水硬性材料の乾燥方法は、前記第１調湿液と共に、平衡湿度を有さない前記吸湿剤を更に配置し、該吸湿剤として、シリカゲル、活性炭、ゼオライト、吸水性ポリマーのうち少なくとも一つを用いることが好ましい。 Moreover, the drying method of the hydraulic material according to the present invention further includes the hygroscopic agent having no equilibrium humidity in addition to the first humidity control liquid, and the hygroscopic agent includes silica gel, activated carbon, zeolite, and a water absorbent polymer. It is preferable to use at least one of them.
以上のように、本発明にかかる水硬性材料の乾燥方法によれば、大規模な設備を用いることなく簡便に含水材料の乾燥を行うことができると共に、密閉空間の湿度が急激に上昇するのを抑制することで、所望の湿度からのズレを抑制し、安定した湿度条件で含水材料を乾燥させることができる。 As described above, according to the method for drying a hydraulic material according to the present invention, the water-containing material can be easily dried without using a large-scale facility, and the humidity of the sealed space rapidly increases. By suppressing, deviation from the desired humidity can be suppressed, and the water-containing material can be dried under stable humidity conditions.
以下、本発明にかかる実施形態について説明する。 Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below.
本実施形態にかかる水硬性材料の乾燥方法は、含水状態の水硬性材料（以下、含水材料と記す）を乾燥させて得られる水硬性硬化体の品質評価、特に、含水材料を乾燥させた際の乾燥収縮試験を行うに際し、所望する湿度の下で含水材料を乾燥させる方法である。具体的には、前記含水材料と所定の平衡湿度を有する第１調湿液とを密閉空間に配置し、更に第１調湿液よりも平衡湿度の低い第２調湿液又は平衡湿度を有さない吸湿剤の少なくとも一方を前記密閉空間に配置して乾燥を行なう方法である。 The method for drying a hydraulic material according to the present embodiment is a quality evaluation of a hydraulic cured body obtained by drying a water-containing hydraulic material (hereinafter referred to as a water-containing material), particularly when the water-containing material is dried. In the drying shrinkage test, the water-containing material is dried under a desired humidity. Specifically, the water-containing material and the first humidity control liquid having a predetermined equilibrium humidity are arranged in a sealed space, and further, the second humidity control liquid or the equilibrium humidity having a lower equilibrium humidity than the first humidity control liquid is provided. In this method, at least one of the moisture absorbents not to be disposed is placed in the sealed space for drying.
本発明に係る乾燥方法は、含水材料を乾燥させる際に好適に利用でき、特に、セメント系含水材料や、石膏系含水材料等に対して好適に利用することができる。更に、これらの中でも、セメントペースト、セメントモルタル及びコンクリート等からなるセメント系含水材料を乾燥させる際に最適に利用することができる。 The drying method according to the present invention can be suitably used for drying a water-containing material, and can be particularly preferably used for cement-based water-containing materials, gypsum-based water-containing materials, and the like. Furthermore, among these, it can be optimally used when drying a cement-based water-containing material made of cement paste, cement mortar, concrete, or the like.
また、含水材料は、密閉空間に配置される際には、所定の形状に成型されて配置されることが好ましい。具体的には、円柱状や角柱状等に成型されて配置されることが好ましく、その体積としては、密閉空間の体積に応じて適宜選択可能であるが、例えば、１．５７Ｌ（φ１０ｃｍ×２０ｃｍ）程度の体積の含水材料（試験体）を３〜６本程度配置することが好ましい。 Further, when the water-containing material is disposed in the sealed space, the water-containing material is preferably molded and disposed in a predetermined shape. Specifically, it is preferably arranged in a columnar shape or a prismatic shape, and the volume can be appropriately selected according to the volume of the sealed space. For example, 1.57 L (φ10 cm × 20 cm It is preferable to arrange about 3 to 6 hydrous materials (test bodies) with a volume of about).
また、前記含水材料は、前記密閉空間の体積に対して所定の体積を占めるように成型されることが好ましい。具体的には、円柱状や角柱状等に成型された含水材料を密閉空間に配置するに際し、その本数を調節することで密閉空間の体積に対して含水材料が所定の体積を占めるようにすることが好ましい。 Moreover, it is preferable that the said water-containing material is shape | molded so that a predetermined volume may be occupied with respect to the volume of the said sealed space. Specifically, when the water-containing material molded into a cylindrical shape or a prismatic shape is disposed in the sealed space, the water-containing material occupies a predetermined volume with respect to the volume of the sealed space by adjusting the number of the water-containing material. It is preferable.
前記密閉空間としては、外部との空気の出入りが防止できるように構成された密閉容器を用いて形成することが好ましい。該密閉容器は、前記含水材料、第１調湿液、第２調湿液又は吸湿剤の少なくとも一方を内部に配置した状態で閉蓋して密閉可能に構成されている。また、密閉容器は、熱伝導性の高い素材を用いて形成され、温度制御可能な恒温室内に配置された際に、迅速に内部の温度が恒温室内の温度と略等しくなるように構成されることが好ましい。 The sealed space is preferably formed using a sealed container configured to prevent air from entering and leaving the outside. The airtight container is configured to be able to be sealed by closing with the water-containing material, the first humidity adjusting liquid, the second humidity adjusting liquid, or the hygroscopic agent disposed therein. In addition, the sealed container is formed using a material having high thermal conductivity, and when it is placed in a temperature-controlled temperature-controlled room, the internal temperature is quickly set to be substantially equal to the temperature in the temperature-controlled room. It is preferable.
前記密閉空間の体積としては、特に限定されるものではないが、配置される含水材料の体積（円柱状や角柱状等に成型されている場合には、その本数）等に応じて適宜選択可能であるが、６０〜２００Ｌ程度にすることが好ましい。例えば、前記含水材料（試験体）を３本（４．７Ｌ）収納する場合、密閉空間の体積が６０Ｌより小さくなると、試験体及び第１調湿液、第２調湿液又は吸湿剤の少なくとも一方を所定の間隔を明けて密閉空間に設置するのが困難になるので好ましくない。また、密閉空間の体積を２００Ｌより大きくすると、試験体を６本程度設置することが可能であるが、密閉空間の体積が大きすぎると大掛かりな装置となってしまうため好ましくない。また、密閉空間（密閉容器内）には、容器内の温度及び湿度を検知するセンサを設置してもよい。 The volume of the sealed space is not particularly limited, but can be appropriately selected according to the volume of the hydrated material to be disposed (the number of the hydrated material when it is molded into a columnar shape or a prismatic shape). However, it is preferably about 60 to 200 L. For example, in the case of storing three (4.7 L) of the water-containing material (test body), if the volume of the sealed space is smaller than 60 L, at least the test body and the first humidity adjustment liquid, the second humidity adjustment liquid, or the hygroscopic agent Since it becomes difficult to install one side in a sealed space with a predetermined interval, it is not preferable. Further, if the volume of the sealed space is larger than 200 L, it is possible to install about six test specimens. However, if the volume of the sealed space is too large, a large apparatus is not preferable. Moreover, you may install the sensor which detects the temperature and humidity in a container in sealed space (inside a sealed container).
前記第１調湿液は、水に飽和量よりも過剰の塩を添加することにより、水に塩が溶解して飽和状態となった塩飽和水溶液であり、固有の平衡湿度を有するものである。具体的には、第１調湿液は、密閉空間に配置された状態において、密閉空間の湿度が平衡湿度より高い場合には湿気を吸湿し、平衡湿度よりも低い場合には水分を蒸発させ、密閉空間の湿度を平衡湿度に維持（調湿）する性質を有するものである。第１調湿液の平衡湿度としては、所望する密閉空間の湿度に応じて適宜選択可能であるが、含水材料としてセメント系含水材料を用い、ＪＩＳ Ａ ６２０４に準拠した条件で乾燥を行う場合には、６０±５％であることが好ましい。また、第１調湿液を構成する塩としては、臭化ナトリウムを用いることが好ましい。また、第１調湿液の液量及び表面積は、特に限定されるものではないが、密閉空間の体積や含水材料から蒸発する水分量等の条件に応じて適宜選択可能である。 The first humidity control liquid is a saturated salt aqueous solution in which a salt is dissolved in water to be saturated by adding an excess salt to the water in excess of the saturation amount, and has a specific equilibrium humidity. . Specifically, the first humidity control liquid absorbs moisture when the humidity of the sealed space is higher than the equilibrium humidity and evaporates moisture when the humidity is lower than the equilibrium humidity in a state where it is disposed in the sealed space. It has the property of maintaining the humidity of the sealed space at equilibrium humidity (humidity control). The equilibrium humidity of the first humidity control liquid can be appropriately selected according to the desired humidity of the sealed space, but when a cement-based water-containing material is used as the water-containing material and drying is performed under conditions in accordance with JIS A 6204. Is preferably 60 ± 5%. Moreover, as a salt which comprises a 1st humidity control liquid, it is preferable to use sodium bromide. The amount and surface area of the first humidity control liquid are not particularly limited, but can be appropriately selected according to conditions such as the volume of the sealed space and the amount of water evaporated from the water-containing material.
本発明に於いては、前記第１調湿液と共に、前記第１調湿液よりも平衡湿度の低い第２調湿液を更に配置することが好ましい。該第２調湿液は、第１調湿液と同様に水に塩が溶解して飽和状態となった塩飽和水溶液である。第２調湿液の平衡湿度としては、密閉空間の湿度変化に応じて、即ち、含水材料から蒸発する水分量や蒸発速度等に応じて適宜選択可能であるが、例えば、第１調湿液の平衡湿度が６０±５％である場合には、５０％以下であることが好ましい。また、第２調湿液を構成する塩として塩化カルシウムを用いることが好ましい。 In the present invention, it is preferable that a second humidity adjusting liquid having a lower equilibrium humidity than the first humidity adjusting liquid is further arranged together with the first humidity adjusting liquid. The second humidity control liquid is a saturated salt aqueous solution in which a salt is dissolved in water and becomes saturated, like the first humidity control liquid. The equilibrium humidity of the second humidity control liquid can be appropriately selected according to the humidity change in the sealed space, that is, the amount of water evaporated from the water-containing material, the evaporation rate, etc. For example, the first humidity control liquid When the equilibrium humidity is 60 ± 5%, it is preferably 50% or less. Moreover, it is preferable to use calcium chloride as a salt constituting the second humidity control liquid.
また、本発明に於いては、前記第１調湿液と共に、特有の平衡湿度を有さないシリカゲル、ゼオライト、活性炭、吸水性ポリマー等の吸湿作用を有する固体物（以下、吸湿固体と記す）を更に配置することも可能である。このような吸湿固体を用いる場合には、表面積を大きくするために粒状に形成されたものを用いることが好ましい。 Further, in the present invention, together with the first humidity control liquid, a solid substance having a hygroscopic action such as silica gel, zeolite, activated carbon, water-absorbing polymer, etc. that does not have a specific equilibrium humidity (hereinafter referred to as a hygroscopic solid). It is also possible to arrange further. When using such a moisture-absorbing solid, it is preferable to use one formed in a granular form in order to increase the surface area.
次に、含水材料を乾燥する手順について説明する。まず初めに、温度調節可能な恒温室内に密閉容器を設置し、密閉容器内に第１調湿液を配置して密閉する。そして、密閉容器内が所望する温度及び湿度（第１調湿液の平衡湿度）となったことを前記センサで確認し、含水材料を一本又は複数本、密閉容器内に配置すると共に、前記第２調湿液と吸湿剤の少なくとも何れか一方を密閉容器内に配置して密閉する。この際、密閉容器内の湿度は所望する湿度よりも僅かに高くなるが、その後、再度所望する湿度に調湿されたことを前記センサで確認し、密閉容器内から第１調湿液以外の第２調湿液及び吸湿剤を取り出し、密閉状態に維持する。この状態において、密閉容器内の湿度は、第１調湿液の平衡湿度に維持され、含水材料を所望する湿度で乾燥することができる。なお、含水材料としてセメント系含水材料を用い、ＪＩＳ Ａ ６２０４に準拠した条件で乾燥を行う場合には、温度調節可能な恒温室を用い、乾燥中の密閉容器内の温度が２０±３℃となるように調節することが好ましい。このように、密閉容器内の温度が一定に制御されることで、密閉容器内の湿度を一定に保つことが容易になり、安定した条件で乾燥を行うことができる。また、密閉容器内の湿度としては、６０±５％となるように調湿することが好ましい。 Next, a procedure for drying the water-containing material will be described. First, a sealed container is installed in a temperature-controlled temperature-controlled room, and the first humidity control liquid is placed in the sealed container and sealed. And it confirms with the said sensor that the temperature and humidity which the inside of an airtight container became desirable (equilibrium humidity of the 1st humidity control liquid), while arranging one or more water-containing materials in an airtight container, At least one of the second humidity control liquid and the hygroscopic agent is placed in a sealed container and sealed. At this time, the humidity in the sealed container is slightly higher than the desired humidity. After that, it is confirmed again by the sensor that the humidity has been adjusted to the desired humidity. Take out the second humidity control liquid and the hygroscopic agent and keep them sealed. In this state, the humidity in the sealed container is maintained at the equilibrium humidity of the first humidity control liquid, and the water-containing material can be dried at a desired humidity. In addition, when using a cement-based water-containing material as the water-containing material and performing drying under conditions conforming to JIS A 6204, a temperature-controlled thermostatic chamber is used, and the temperature in the airtight container during drying is 20 ± 3 ° C. It is preferable to adjust so that it becomes. Thus, by controlling the temperature in the sealed container to be constant, it becomes easy to keep the humidity in the sealed container constant, and drying can be performed under stable conditions. The humidity in the sealed container is preferably adjusted to 60 ± 5%.
以上のように、本発明にかかる含水材料の乾燥方法によれば、大規模な設備を用いることなく簡便に含水材料の乾燥を行うことができると共に、密閉空間の湿度を所望する湿度に迅速に調湿することで、所望の湿度からのズレを抑制し、安定した湿度条件で含水材料を乾燥させることができる。 As described above, according to the method for drying a water-containing material according to the present invention, the water-containing material can be easily dried without using a large-scale facility, and the humidity of the sealed space can be quickly adjusted to a desired humidity. By adjusting the humidity, deviation from a desired humidity can be suppressed, and the water-containing material can be dried under stable humidity conditions.
即ち、前記水硬性材料の乾燥方法によれば、含水材料と所定の平衡湿度を有する第１調湿液とを密閉空間に配置し、第１調湿液よりも平衡湿度の低い第２調湿液又は平衡湿度を有さない吸湿剤の少なくとも何れか一方を前記密閉空間に更に配置することで、第２調湿液又は吸湿剤の少なくとも何れか一方が密閉空間の水分を迅速に吸湿し、密閉空間の湿度が急激に高くなってしまうのを抑制することができる。このため、密閉空間の湿度を迅速に所望する湿度へ調湿することが可能となる。 That is, according to the drying method of the hydraulic material, the water-containing material and the first humidity control liquid having a predetermined equilibrium humidity are arranged in a sealed space, and the second humidity control is lower in the equilibrium humidity than the first humidity control liquid. By further disposing at least one of the liquid or the hygroscopic agent having no equilibrium humidity in the sealed space, at least one of the second humidity control liquid or the hygroscopic agent quickly absorbs moisture in the sealed space, It can suppress that the humidity of sealed space becomes high rapidly. For this reason, it becomes possible to quickly adjust the humidity of the sealed space to a desired humidity.
なお、本発明に係る含水材料の乾燥方法は、上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変更が可能である。 In addition, the drying method of the water-containing material which concerns on this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention.
例えば、上記実施形態では、密閉容器内に第１調湿液を配置して調湿した後、含水材料と共に第２調湿液又は吸湿剤の少なくとも一方を密閉容器内に配置しているが、これに限定されるものではなく、第１調湿液と略同時に第２調湿液又は吸湿剤の少なくとも一方を密閉容器内に配置してもよい。 For example, in the above embodiment, after the first humidity adjustment liquid is disposed in the sealed container and the humidity is adjusted, at least one of the second moisture adjustment liquid or the moisture absorbent is disposed in the sealed container together with the water-containing material. It is not limited to this, You may arrange | position at least one of a 2nd humidity control liquid or a hygroscopic agent substantially simultaneously with a 1st humidity control liquid in an airtight container.
また、上記実施形態では、含水材料を密閉容器内に配置した後、湿度が６０±５％となったことを確認して第２調湿液及び吸湿剤を密閉容器内から取り出したが、これに限定されるものではなく、第２調湿液及び吸湿剤の吸湿作用が湿度６０±５％で平衡となるように構成されていれば、第２調湿液及び吸湿剤を密閉容器内から取り出さないようにしてもよい。 Further, in the above embodiment, after placing the water-containing material in the sealed container, it was confirmed that the humidity became 60 ± 5%, and the second humidity control liquid and the hygroscopic agent were taken out from the sealed container. The second moisture-conditioning liquid and the hygroscopic agent can be removed from the hermetic container as long as the hygroscopic action of the second moisture-conditioning liquid and the hygroscopic agent is balanced at a humidity of 60 ± 5%. You may make it not take out.
以下、本発明の実施例について説明する。 Examples of the present invention will be described below.
●使用材料
（１）第１調湿液：臭化ナトリウム（ＮａＢｒ）飽和水溶液
（２）第２調湿液：塩化カルシウム（ＣａＣｌ2）飽和水溶液
（３）調湿剤Ａ：シリカゲル（松野製薬株式会社製、６ＵＰ（粒径４〜８ｍｍ））
（４）調湿剤Ｂ：吸水性ポリマー（ポリアクリル酸塩吸水性樹脂 三洋化成工業株式会社製、ＳＴ−１００ＭＰＳ）
（５）調湿剤Ｃ：シリカゲル（松野製薬株式会社製、６ＵＰ（粒径４〜８ｍｍ））
（６）調湿剤Ｄ：鉱物系調湿剤（住友大阪セメント株式会社製、マジカルファイン）
（７）調湿剤Ｅ：天然ゼオライト（日東粉化工業株式会社製、ＳＰ＃６００）
（８）調湿剤Ｆ：人工ゼオライト（中部電力株式会社製、シーキュラスＦｅ型）
（９）含水材料：コンクリート試験体
●使用設備
（１）密閉容器（調湿槽）：２０Ｌ、６０Ｌ及び２００Ｌ
（２）恒温室：室温２０±２℃
（３）恒温恒湿実験室：室温２０±２℃、湿度６０±５％
（４）湿度計：（株）ティアンドデイ製 温湿度データロガー ＴＲ−７２Ｕ
（５）埋め込みゲージ：（株）共和技研製 埋め込み型箔ひずみゲージ ＫＭ−１２０−１２０
● Materials used (1) 1st humidity control solution: sodium bromide (NaBr) saturated aqueous solution (2) 2nd humidity control solution: calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) saturated aqueous solution (3) humidity control agent A: silica gel (Matsuno Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) Made by company, 6UP (particle size 4-8mm))
(4) Humidity adjusting agent B: water-absorbing polymer (polyacrylate water-absorbing resin, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, ST-100MPS)
(5) Humidity adjusting agent C: Silica gel (Matsuno Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 6UP (particle size 4-8 mm))
(6) Humidity adjusting agent D: Mineral humidity adjusting agent (manufactured by Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co., Ltd., Magical Fine)
(7) Humidity control agent E: natural zeolite (manufactured by Nitto Flour Chemical Co., Ltd., SP # 600)
(8) Humidity adjusting agent F: Artificial zeolite (Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc., Cyculous Fe type)
(9) Moisture-containing material: Concrete test specimen ● Equipment used (1) Sealed container (humidity control tank): 20L, 60L and 200L
(2) Constant temperature room: room temperature 20 ± 2 ° C
(3) Constant temperature and humidity laboratory: room temperature 20 ± 2 ° C, humidity 60 ± 5%
(4) Hygrometer: T & D Co., Ltd. Temperature and humidity data logger TR-72U
(5) Embedded gauge: Embedded foil strain gauge KM-120-120 manufactured by Kyowa Giken Co., Ltd.
１．湿度試験
実施例及び比較例
（１）実施例１
●使用材料
第１調湿液：水３ＬにＮａＢｒ６ｋｇを溶解し、飽和水溶液（平衡湿度５８％）を作製し、ＳＵＳ３０４製の容器（内寸法：４８０×２８８×１２６ｍｍ）に入れた状態で用いた。
第２調湿液：水０．５ＬにＣａＣｌ2１ｋｇを溶解し、飽和水溶液（平衡湿度３３％）を作製し、ＳＵＳ３０４製の容器（内寸法：２８０×１６８×８４ｍｍ）に入れた状態で用いた。
コンクリート試験体：水セメント比（Ｗ／Ｃ）を５５％、単位水量を１７３ｋｇ／ｍ3として練り混ぜたコンクリートを型枠に充填し、形状がφ１０ｃｍ×２０ｃｍとなるように成型して試験体を作製し、該試験体を標準養生（２０℃の水中で７日間養生）した後に引き上げ、表乾状態としたものを用いた。
1. Humidity test Examples and comparative examples (1) Example 1
● Materials used First humidity control solution: 6 kg of NaBr was dissolved in 3 L of water to prepare a saturated aqueous solution (equilibrium humidity 58%), which was used in a SUS304 container (internal dimensions: 480 × 288 × 126 mm). .
Second humidity control solution: 1 kg of CaCl 2 dissolved in 0.5 L of water to prepare a saturated aqueous solution (equilibrium humidity 33%), and put it in a SUS304 container (internal dimensions: 280 × 168 × 84 mm) It was.
Concrete test body: Water cement ratio (W / C) is 55%, unit water amount is 173 kg / m 3 , kneaded concrete is filled into a mold, and molded so that the shape becomes φ10cm × 20cm. The test specimen was prepared and standard-cured (cured in 20 ° C. water for 7 days), then pulled up and used in a dry state.
●試験方法
下記表１に示す条件で、コンクリート試験体と共に第１調湿液および第２調湿液又は調湿剤を密閉容器内に配置し、２４時間放置した後の密閉容器内の湿度を測定した。なお、密閉容器には、容器内の空気を循環させる循環ファンが備えられている。また、後述する乾燥収縮ひずみ試験では、試験開始後９日目に第２調湿液を密閉容器から取り出した。
● Test Method Under the conditions shown in Table 1 below, place the first humidity control liquid and the second humidity control liquid or humidity control agent together with the concrete test specimen in the closed container, and determine the humidity in the closed container after standing for 24 hours. It was measured. Note that the sealed container is provided with a circulation fan for circulating the air in the container. In the dry shrinkage strain test described later, the second humidity control liquid was taken out from the sealed container on the ninth day after the start of the test.
（２）実施例２〜６
第２調湿液に代えて、下記表１に示す調湿剤を用いたことを除き、他は実施例１と同様にして湿度試験を実施した。
(2) Examples 2-6
A humidity test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the humidity control agent shown in Table 1 below was used instead of the second humidity control solution.
（３）比較例１
調湿液として、水１Ｌ当たりＮａＢｒ１．２〜１．３ｋｇを溶解したＮａＢｒ飽和水溶液（平衡湿度５８％）を作製し、この調湿液をＳＵＳ３０４製の容器（内寸法：２８０×１６８×８４ｍｍ）に入れた状態で用いたことを除き、他は実施例１と同様にして２４時間経過後の密閉容器内の湿度を測定した。
(3) Comparative Example 1
A NaBr saturated aqueous solution (equilibrium humidity 58%) in which 1.2 to 1.3 kg of NaBr is dissolved per liter of water is prepared as a humidity control liquid, and this humidity control liquid is a container made of SUS304 (internal dimensions: 280 × 168 × 84 mm). The humidity in the sealed container after 24 hours was measured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that it was used in a state where it was put in the container.
（４）比較例２〜７
表１に示すように、調湿液又は調湿剤を１種類のみ使用し、比較例１と同様にして試験を行った。
(4) Comparative Examples 2-7
As shown in Table 1, the test was conducted in the same manner as Comparative Example 1 using only one type of humidity control liquid or humidity control agent.
２．乾燥収縮ひずみ試験
（１）実施例１
実施例１の試験において、コンクリート試験体の軸方向の長さ変化を埋め込みゲージにより測定した。
2. Drying shrinkage test (1) Example 1
In the test of Example 1, the axial length change of the concrete specimen was measured with an embedded gauge.
（２）比較例８
実施例１で用いたコンクリート試験体を上記恒温恒湿実験室内に配置し、コンクリート試験体の軸方向の長さ変化（乾燥収縮ひずみ）を埋め込みゲージにより測定した。
(2) Comparative Example 8
The concrete specimen used in Example 1 was placed in the constant temperature and humidity laboratory, and the axial length change (dry shrinkage strain) of the concrete specimen was measured with an embedded gauge.
（３）試験結果
３．まとめ
上記湿度試験の試験結果によると、第１調湿液と、第２調湿液又は調湿剤とを併用した実施例１〜６は、試験開始後１日で密閉容器内の湿度が６０±５％となるのに対し、調湿液のみ又は調湿剤のみを用いて調湿した比較例１〜７は、試験開始後１日目の湿度が６０±５％よりも高い値又は低い値となっていることが判る。
これは、調湿液のみ又は調湿剤のみを用いて調湿した場合には、試験体から発生する水分によって密閉容器内の湿度低下が遅くなるために試験開始後１日目の湿度が６０＋５％よりも高い値となるか、又は、試験体から発生する水分よりも吸湿液又は吸湿剤による吸湿速度が速すぎるために試験開始後１日目の湿度が６０−５％よりも低い値となることが原因であると考えられる。なお、比較例7-3では、試験開始後１日目の湿度が６０±５％の範囲内となっているが、試験体の数や吸湿剤の吸湿性能などの諸条件が偶然合致し、好ましい結果が得られたに過ぎないものと考えられる。
3. Summary According to the test results of the humidity test, in Examples 1 to 6 in which the first humidity control liquid and the second humidity control liquid or humidity control agent are used in combination, the humidity in the sealed container is 60 in one day after the start of the test. In contrast to Comparative Examples 1 to 7 where the humidity is adjusted using only the humidity control liquid or the humidity control agent, the humidity on the first day after the start of the test is higher or lower than 60 ± 5%. It turns out that it is a value.
This is because when the humidity is adjusted using only the humidity control liquid or the humidity control agent, the humidity on the first day after the start of the test is 60 + 5 because the humidity drop in the sealed container is delayed by the moisture generated from the test body. % Or the humidity on the first day after the start of the test is lower than 60-5% because the moisture absorption rate by the hygroscopic liquid or the hygroscopic agent is too fast than the moisture generated from the specimen. Is considered to be the cause. In Comparative Example 7-3, the humidity on the first day after the start of the test is in the range of 60 ± 5%, but various conditions such as the number of specimens and the hygroscopic performance of the hygroscopic agent coincided by chance, It is believed that only favorable results have been obtained.
これに対し、実施例において、試験体の数量や調湿液又は調湿剤の量が多少変動した場合であっても試験開始後１日で密閉容器内の湿度が６０±５％の範囲内となっているのは、試験体から発生する水分の量が多い場合には、第１調湿液と、第２調湿液又は調湿剤との組み合わせによる速やかな湿度低下作用が発揮され、逆に、試験体から発生する水分の量が少なく該第１調湿液の平衡湿度を下回る場合には第１調湿液からも加湿する作用が発揮されたことによるものと考えられる。 On the other hand, in the examples, even in the case where the number of test specimens and the amount of the humidity control liquid or the humidity control agent slightly vary, the humidity in the sealed container is within 60 ± 5% within one day after the start of the test. When the amount of water generated from the test body is large, a quick humidity lowering effect is exhibited by the combination of the first humidity control liquid and the second humidity control liquid or humidity control agent, Conversely, when the amount of water generated from the test specimen is small and below the equilibrium humidity of the first humidity control liquid, it is considered that the action of humidifying from the first humidity control liquid was exhibited.
また、乾燥収縮ひずみ試験の試験結果によると、本発明にかかる乾燥方法（実施例１）と恒温恒湿実験室内での乾燥方法（比較例８）とでは略同等の乾燥収縮ひずみとなっており、第１調湿液と第２調湿液とを併用することで恒温恒湿実験室と同等の条件で含水材料の乾燥が可能であることが認められる。 Moreover, according to the test result of the drying shrinkage strain test, the drying method according to the present invention (Example 1) and the drying method in a constant temperature and humidity laboratory (Comparative Example 8) have substantially the same drying shrinkage strain. It is recognized that the water-containing material can be dried under the same conditions as the constant temperature and constant humidity laboratory by using the first humidity control liquid and the second humidity control liquid in combination.
Claims (5)
前記密閉空間に前記第１調湿液を配置して密閉空間の湿度を第１調湿液の平衡湿度に調湿した後、第１調湿液よりも平衡湿度の低い第２調湿液又は平衡湿度を有さない吸湿剤の少なくとも一方と前記水硬性材料とを密閉空間に配置し、
又は、前記第２調湿液又は前記吸湿剤の少なくとも一方を前記第１調湿液と共に前記密閉空間に配置して該密閉空間の湿度を第１調湿液の平衡湿度に調湿した後、前記水硬性材料を密閉空間に配置し、
該密閉空間の湿度を第１調湿液の平衡湿度に維持することを特徴とする水硬性材料の乾燥方法。 This is a hydraulic material drying method in which a water-containing hydraulic material and a first humidity control liquid having a predetermined equilibrium humidity are arranged in a sealed space, and the hydraulic material is dried by adjusting the humidity of the sealed space. And
After arranging the first humidity control liquid in the sealed space and adjusting the humidity of the sealed space to the equilibrium humidity of the first humidity control liquid, the second humidity control liquid having a lower equilibrium humidity than the first humidity control liquid or Arranging at least one of the hygroscopic agent having no equilibrium humidity and the hydraulic material in a sealed space,
Or after arranging at least one of the second humidity control liquid or the hygroscopic agent in the sealed space together with the first humidity control liquid and adjusting the humidity of the sealed space to the equilibrium humidity of the first humidity control liquid, Placing the hydraulic material in a sealed space;
A method for drying a hydraulic material, characterized in that the humidity of the sealed space is maintained at the equilibrium humidity of the first humidity control liquid.
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