JP5255808B2 - Manufacturing method of planar structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a planar structure, and more particularly to a method for manufacturing a structure in which a hollow pipe is formed inside the planar structure.

  One of the functional improvements in a planar molded body is a porous body having a large number of pores on its surface. This is suitable for loading other substances or enclosing them in pores. For example, there is an adsorbent for increasing the adsorption rate of activated carbon and increasing the adsorption capacity (see Patent Document 1). According to the adsorbent of Patent Document 1, the binder layer is formed on the surface of the porous sheet obtained by molding the coconut shell husk and the contact surface with the outside air of the internal structure, and the activated carbon particles are bonded to the binder layer. The activated carbon particle surface is held in a partially exposed state.

  Moreover, there exists a composite porous body for reducing heat conductivity and improving heat insulation performance (refer patent document 2). The composite porous body of Patent Document 2 uses a continuous pore porous body as a structural skeleton, and a dry gel is filled and molded into the pores of the continuous pore porous body as a continuous phase.

  However, since the above adsorbent is coated with a binder on the activated carbon particle surface, a part of the particle surface is exposed, but there is a concern that the adsorption function is not sufficiently exhibited. Moreover, in order to obtain a composite porous body by drying the wet gel filled in the pores of the continuous pore porous body, the method for forming the wet gel is limited.

  In addition, it is extremely difficult to control the shape and size of the pores of the conventional porous body, and the pore size distribution remains wide. In addition, due to the manufacturing method, the range of selection of a substance that can be used as a base material or encapsulant constituting the porous body is extremely limited, and other substances can be encapsulated or supported on the porous body. The function was not fully demonstrated.

  Thereafter, development has been advanced as a structure in which various functions, characteristics, and the like are imparted to the porous body. In recent years, a porous body has attracted attention as a substrate for cell culture, for example, in addition to the above-described absorption and adsorption purposes. As an example, the use of porous membranes of various membrane filters as a scaffold for cell culture has been proposed (see Patent Document 3). A culture scaffold is essential in adherent cell culture. In order for cells to divide and proliferate, it is essential to supply nutrients to individual cells and to remove waste products. In this regard, in the technique of Patent Document 3, convection is generated by suction and pressurization from one surface side of the porous membrane. However, in the convection of the culture solution, there is a possibility that deviation occurs for each part of the porous membrane medium.

Generally, the fluidity of a fluid such as gas or liquid in the porous body depends on the amount of the cavity formed inside. However, simply increasing the number of cavities tends to weaken the structural strength. Therefore, a novel structure that secures the fluidity of various fluids in the molded body and a method for producing the same have been desired.
JP-A-9-253188 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-275305 JP 2004-344002 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and is capable of obtaining fluidity of various fluids such as a gas and a liquid while being a planar body, and can be exhibited by maintaining the strength as a structure and internal cavities as necessary. A planar structure having a fluid flowability and various functions obtained by an enclosure enclosed in an internal cavity and a method for manufacturing the same are provided.

In other words, the invention of claim 1 is a water-soluble resin pre-dissolved product of a water-soluble resin that can be subsequently dissolved in water or hot water on a substrate made of an organic polymer compound , and then decomposed and dissolved by an enzyme. including and possible particulate object lysate and be melted inclusions, said after molding to be dissolved inclusions predetermined planar formed body, the pipe will be melted contained in the planar molded body of water Alternatively, it is dissolved by hot water , the granular material to be dissolved is decomposed and dissolved by an enzyme , and a hollow pipe line derived from the planned pipe material to be dissolved inside the planar molded body, and the granular material to be dissolved The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a planar structure, characterized in that both of the granular cavities derived from the above are formed.

The invention according to claim 2 is a starch fiber to-be-dissolved material that can be decomposed and dissolved by an enzyme on a base material made of an organic polymer compound, and a granular material that can be decomposed and dissolved by an enzyme. The material to be dissolved, including the material to be dissolved, is formed into a predetermined planar molded body, and then the planned dissolved material to be contained in the planar molded body is decomposed by an enzyme. The granular material to be dissolved is decomposed and dissolved by an enzyme, and is derived from the hollow material channel derived from the planned pipeline material to be dissolved and the granular material to be dissolved inside the planar molded body. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a planar structure characterized by forming both granular cavities.

The invention according to claim 3 is the planar structure according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the material to be melted in the pipe is embedded in the material to be melted so as to extend in the surface direction of the planar molded body. It relates to the manufacturing method of the body.

The invention according to claim 4 is the surface according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the material to be melted in the pipe is embedded in the material to be melted so as to be the same in the length direction of the planar molded body. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a shaped structure.

A fifth aspect of the present invention relates to the method for manufacturing a planar structure according to the first or second aspect, wherein the pre-dissolved material for the pipeline is a branched structure.

Invention of Claim 6 concerns on the manufacturing method of the planar structure of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 5 in which the said planar molded object is a film or a sheet-like object.

The invention of claim 7 is a structure wherein the surface shaped body is formed by lamination Ri alignment film material or sheet material, either cemented Ri mating surface of the film material or sheet according to the manufacturing method of the planar structure according to claim 6 to fit Ri adhered after placing the pipe will be lysates on one side.

The invention according to claim 8 is the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a granular composite material in which all or part of the surface of the encapsulated material is coated with a to-be-dissolved filler that can be dissolved later is added to the base material . The manufacturing method of the planar structure according to Item 1 .

The invention of claim 9, wherein the dissolution packings, according to the manufacturing method of the planar structure according to claim 8, in water or enzyme thus removed.

According to the method for producing a planar structure according to the invention of claim 1 , a water-soluble resin pre-dissolved material of a water-soluble resin that can be subsequently dissolved in water or hot water in a substrate made of an organic polymer compound , And a granular material to be dissolved that can be decomposed and dissolved by an enzyme, and after forming the material to be dissolved into a predetermined planar molded body, A hollow tube derived from the pre- dissolved pipe material is dissolved in the planar molded body by dissolving the pre-dissolved substance with water or hot water , and decomposing and dissolving the granular dissolved material with an enzyme. Since both the channel and the granular cavity derived from the granular material to be dissolved are formed, it is easy to knead the base material and the material to be dissolved in the pipeline, and the stability, ease of processing, and cost are excellent. A planar structure having a hollow duct and a granular cavity inside can be obtained. In addition, the hollow duct can be easily formed in the planar structure, and the granular cavity can be easily formed. Kneading of the base material and the material to be dissolved in the pipeline is easy, and a planar structure excellent in stability, ease of processing, and cost can be obtained.

According to the method for producing a planar structure according to the invention of claim 2, a starch fiber pipeline to be dissolved, which can be decomposed and dissolved by an enzyme later on an organic polymer compound base material, And a granular material to be dissolved by being decomposed by an enzyme to form a material to be dissolved, and after forming the material to be dissolved into a predetermined planar molded body, the tube included in the planar molded body A hollow pipeline derived from the planned pipeline dissolution material inside the planar molded body by dissolving the planned dissolution material with an enzyme and dissolving the granular dissolved material with an enzyme. And the granular cavity derived from the granular material to be melted, it is easy to knead the base material and the pipeline material to be melted, and is excellent in stability, ease of processing, and price. A planar structure having a hollow duct and a granular cavity inside can be obtained. In addition, the hollow duct can be easily formed in the planar structure, and the granular cavity can be easily formed. Kneading of the base material and the material to be dissolved in the pipeline is easy, and a planar structure excellent in stability, ease of processing, and cost can be obtained.

According to the method for manufacturing a planar structure according to the invention of claim 3, in the invention of claim 1 or 2 , the melted material in the direction in which the melted material to be ducted extends in the surface direction of the planar molded body. Since it is embedded in the inclusion, it is possible to easily align the orientation of the surface direction of the hollow pipe line in the finished planar structure.

According to the method for manufacturing a planar structure according to the invention of claim 4, in the invention of claim 1 or 2 , the melted pipe line to be melted is the same in the length direction of the planar molded body. Since it is embedded in the material to be dissolved, it is possible to easily align the direction of the length of the hollow pipe line in the finished planar structure.

According to the method for manufacturing a planar structure according to the invention of claim 5, in the invention of claim 1 or 2 , since the pre-dissolved material for the pipe line is made of a branch structure, the hollow pipe line having the branch structure It becomes easy to manufacture the planar structure having the.

According to the method for manufacturing a planar structure according to the invention of claim 6, in the invention of any one of claims 1 to 5, the planar molded body is a film or a sheet-like material. Is easy to manufacture.

According to the manufacturing method of the planar structure according to the invention of claim 7, in the invention of claim 6, wherein the planar molded body is a structure formed by sticking Ri alignment film material or sheet the order to be Ri laminated after the film material or the conduit will be lysate to any one side of the cemented Ri mating surface of the sheet is placed, the conduit will be formed on the cemented Ri mating surface The shape of the melted material can be designed freely, and the planned melted material of the pipeline is not easily damaged by the subsequent process. In particular, it is convenient for a pipe line to-be-dissolved material that requires complicated shape maintenance.

According to the method for producing a planar structure according to the invention of claim 8, in the invention of any one of claims 1 to 7 , all or part of the surface of the encapsulated material is subsequently dissolved in the substrate. Since the granular composite material coated with a possible melted filler is added, a planar structure in which the inclusion remains in the granular cavity can be manufactured.

According to the manufacturing method of the planar structure according to the invention of claim 9, characterized in that in the invention of claim 8, wherein the dissolution packings, because it is in the water or enzyme thus removed relatively easily be melted fill only It can be made to disappear and only the inclusions inside can be efficiently left in the granular cavity.

The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a planar structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the second embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the third embodiment. 4 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the fourth embodiment, FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the planar structure of the fifth embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of the planar structure of the sixth embodiment. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the planar structure of the seventh embodiment, FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the planar structure of the eighth embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the planar structure of the ninth embodiment. FIG. 10, FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view of the planar structure of the tenth embodiment, FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view of the planar structure of the eleventh embodiment, and FIG. 12 is a sectional view of the planar structure of the twelfth embodiment. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of the thirteenth embodiment, FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of another planar structure according to the thirteenth embodiment, and FIG. 15 is a planar structure of the present invention. FIG. 16 is a schematic process diagram showing a second manufacturing method example of a planar structure, FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a branch structure, and FIG. 18 is a third manufacturing method of the planar structure. FIG. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a material to be dissolved and a planar structure including the same.

About the planar structure of this invention, the magnitude | size, thickness, etc. are selected as a comparatively free planar object. Further, the shape thereof is mainly a plate-like material with emphasis on ease of molding, mass productivity and convenience of later processing, which will be described later , and is generally a planar structure such as a film-like material or a sheet-like material. When the shape is a film or a sheet, it is easy to process on the consumer and user side, and is highly convenient. Each planar structure is first illustrated and described from the structural aspect.

As will be understood from the overall perspective view of FIG. 1 (a), the planar structure 10A of the first embodiment, the interior of the planar body 11 with a substantially acicular short hollow pipe 20a (the so-called cylinder Is formed). Reference numeral 13 in the drawing denotes an upper surface portion of the planar structure, and reference numeral 14 denotes a lower surface portion. In this example, countless hollow hollow tubes 20a each having a substantially needle shape are provided innumerably inside the planar body 11, and the directions of the respective hollow tubes are randomly oriented inside. That is, it can also be called a porous structure composed of a substantially needle-like short hollow pipe. Of course, the pipe length of the substantially needle-shaped hollow pipe, the pipe diameter, the quantity provided inside, etc. are appropriate. As shown in the drawing, since the arrangement of the hollow ducts in the planar body 11 is indefinite, the planar structural body 10A is uniformly deformed with respect to the pressure from any direction.

As can be seen from the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 1B, the opening 21 of the hollow duct 20 a is exposed on the cut surface 12 of the planar body 11. This is because it is efficient in ensuring the fluidity of the fluid performed through the substantially needle-shaped hollow pipe 20a inside the planar body 11. The fluid flowability is air permeability in the case of gas, and is flowability and fluidity in the case of liquid. The same applies hereinafter.

  According to the planar structure 10A ′ shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 1C, the substantially needle-shaped hollow pipe 20a is generally in a direction extending in the surface direction of the reference plane Ps inside the planar body 11. It is formed. In other words, the hollow ducts 20a are arranged to be scattered along the surface direction of the reference plane Ps inside the planar body 11. In this case, due to the arrangement in the surface direction of the hollow conduit 20a, the planar structure 10A ′ is pressed against the pressing from a specific direction, in the drawing, from the upper surface portion and the lower surface portion. Therefore, it becomes easy to deform.

  In the planar structure 10B of the second embodiment disclosed as an overall perspective view of FIG. 2A, a substantially thread-like hollow conduit 20 b is formed inside the planar body 11. As can be seen from the drawing, the hollow pipe 20b is a pipe that is much longer than the substantially needle-like hollow pipe 20a, and the hollow pipe 20b is appropriately provided inside the planar body 11. The length and direction of the pipeline itself are indefinite. Since the rigidity of the planar body 11 changes depending on the abundance ratio of the hollow duct 20b, it is possible to make a desired strength as disclosed in the manufacturing method described later.

  Also in this example, as can be seen from the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 2B, the opening 21 of the hollow duct 20 b is exposed on the cut surface 12 of the planar body 11. This is because, as described above, it is efficient to secure the fluidity of the fluid performed through the substantially thread-shaped hollow pipe 20b inside the planar body 11.

  According to the planar structure 10B ′ shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 2C, the substantially thread-like hollow duct 20b is generally formed in a direction extending in the plane direction of the reference plane Ps inside the planar body 11. Is done. That is, the hollow duct 20 b is arranged along the reference plane Ps inside the planar body 11. In this case, due to the arrangement in the surface direction of the hollow pipe 20b, the planar structure 10B 'is easily deformed because the hollow pipe 20b is pressed against the pressure from the upper surface portion and the lower surface portion.

  In addition, about the hollow pipe line 20b, it is also possible to improve the circulatory property of the fluid which distribute | circulates the inside of a pipe line by forming in continuous shapes, such as U shape and spiral shape which are not shown in figure. In this case, the use of diffusion and sustained release by exuding from the material constituting the planar body into the hollow conduit is studied.

A planar structure 10C according to a third embodiment disclosed as an overall perspective view of FIG. 3A has hollow pipes 20c arranged side by side inside the planar body 11. That is , each of the hollow ducts 20c in the planar structure 10C is provided inside the planar body 11 so as to be aligned in substantially the same direction in the length direction of the duct. The interval between the hollow pipes 20c, the pipe length, the pipe diameter, the number of pipes provided inside, and the like are appropriate. Further, the pipe diameters of the hollow pipes 20c may not all be the same, and a hollow pipe having a smaller pipe diameter may be arranged around the main hollow pipe.

As can be seen from the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 3B, the opening 21 of the hollow duct 20 c is exposed on the cut surface 12 of the planar body 11. Further , the hollow duct 20c is formed to extend in the plane direction inside the planar structure 10C. This is also because it is efficient in securing the flowability in the specific direction of the hollow pipe 20c inside the planar body 11 in this respect. As shown in the example, since the hollow duct 20c is easily pressed against the pressing from the upper surface portion and the lower surface portion of the planar structure 10C, the planar structure 10C itself is easily deformed as a whole. However, it is difficult to be deformed by pressing from the direction of the cutting surface 12. Therefore, applications such as an impact absorbing material with a selected deformation direction are studied. In addition, the planar structure 10C can be used as a component of a device that supplies fluid such as ink in combination with a fluid supply device such as an appropriate pump. Furthermore, it is also conceivable to use the planar structure 10C itself as a fluid suction / discharge pump in combination with an appropriate pressing means.

  Further, like the planar structure 10C ′ shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 3C, the hollow duct 20c aligned in the length direction is substantially the same inside the planar structure. In addition, a hollow pipe 20c ′ having a direction different from that of the hollow pipe 20c is also formed. In this way, the degree of freedom of design is increased in consideration of the compressive strength and elastic repulsion force for each surface of the planar structure 10C ′.

In the planar structure 10D of the fourth embodiment disclosed as an overall perspective view of FIG. 4A, hollow pipes 20d are formed side by side inside the planar body 11. The hollow duct 20 d is formed in the planar body 11 so as to extend in the plane direction, and the hollow duct 20 d is branched by a branching portion 25 inside the planar body 11. Particularly, the illustrated hollow pipe 20 d having a branch structure is composed of a main pipe 23 and a sub pipe 24. As for the hollow pipe 20d (main pipe 23, sub pipe 24), the interval, pipe length, pipe diameter, the number of pipes provided in the interior, and the like are appropriate.

  As can be seen from the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 4B, the opening 21 of the hollow duct 20 d is exposed on the cut surface 12 of the planar body 11. This is also because it is efficient in securing the fluidity of the fluid performed through the branched hollow pipe 20d inside the planar body 11 in this respect. Even if the number of hollow pipes is reduced, the effect of fluid circulation is improved. Further, as shown in the illustrated example, since the branched hollow pipe 20 d is used, the fluid flowing through the pipe easily flows into the sub pipe 24. Therefore, it is possible to hold the fluid in the sub-pipe 24 and discharge it little by little from the main pipe 23 (a time difference occurs). Therefore, it is also useful as a carrier for sustained-release drugs such as fragrances and insect repellents. In addition, it is also conceivable to use the planar structure 10D itself as a fluid suction / discharge pump in combination with an appropriate pressing means. In this case, an action like a check valve can be considered by the branched pipe.

  Further, as a planar structure 10D ′ shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 4C, a hollow pipe line 20d extending in a certain plane direction inside the one planar structure, and the hollow tube A hollow pipe 20d ′ having a direction different from that of the path 20d is also formed. In this way, it is possible to enhance the function as a carrier by allowing different drugs to penetrate each of the plurality of hollow pipes provided inside the planar structure 10D '.

  FIGS. 5 to 8 are structural examples in which the planar structures 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D disclosed as the first to fourth embodiments are made porous. Further, FIG. 9 to FIG. 12 show that the planar structures 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D disclosed as the first to fourth embodiments are made porous and contain inclusions therein. This is an example of a supported structure. Hereinafter, it demonstrates individually.

In the planar structure 10E of the fifth embodiment shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 5, a short hollow pipe 20a having a substantially needle shape is formed inside the planar body 15, and further the planar body. A granular cavity 30 is formed inside 15. Most of the granular cavities 30 communicate with each other through a communication opening 31. Further, the granular hollow portion and the hollow pipe line are also partially communicated by the communicating portion 32.

  The shape of the granular cavity 30 formed inside the planar body 15 is appropriate such as a spherical shape, an ellipsoidal shape, a spindle shape, etc., and has a shape different from that of the substantially needle-like short hollow pipe 20a. is there. The size comparison between the pipe diameter of the hollow pipe 20a and the hole diameter of the granular cavity 30 may be larger. In addition, regarding the abundance ratio of the hollow duct and the granular cavity in the planar body, the granular cavity is more often seen with emphasis on the function as a porous body. The size and shape of the substantially needle-like short hollow channel and the granular cavity are set by comprehensively judging the structural strength, stability, application, material described later, and the like of the planar structure. According to the structure of the planar structure 10E, the fluid can be easily flowed into and out of the individual granular cavities via the hollow pipes, so that the fluid circulation is greatly improved. Therefore, it is suitable for liquid absorption applications, diffusion applications, etc., and also has cushioning properties according to the material of the planar body.

  In the planar structure 10F of the sixth embodiment shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 6, a substantially thread-like hollow duct 20 b is communicated with the inside of the planar body 15, and the interior of the planar body 15 is communicated similarly to the above. A granular cavity 30 communicated by the opening 31 is formed. Therefore, the granular cavity 30 is disposed between the hollow pipes 20b, and the granular cavities and the hollow pipes are in appropriate communication. The size comparison between the pipe diameter of the substantially thread-like hollow pipe 20b and the hole diameter of the granular cavity 30 is also appropriate as described above. In addition, when the hole diameter of a granular cavity part is made smaller than the pipe diameter of a hollow pipe line, the circumference | surroundings of a hollow pipe line will be enclosed by a granular cavity part, and the contact and communication property of a pipe line and a cavity part will increase. The planar structure 10F can obtain the same action as the planar structure 10E.

  In the planar structure 10G of the seventh embodiment shown in the schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 7A and the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 7B, a plurality of hollow pipes are provided inside the planar body 15. 20c are formed side by side so as to be aligned in substantially the same direction in the length direction of the pipe line, and a granular cavity 30 is formed in the planar body 15 and communicated by the communication opening 31 in the same manner as described above. . The size comparison between the pipe diameter of the hollow pipe 20c and the hole diameter of the granular cavity 30 is also appropriate as described above. As shown in this example, the hollow duct and the granular cavity communicate with each other, so that the permeability from the granular cavity to the hollow duct inside the planar body, or conversely, from the hollow duct to the hollow section. Can increase the permeability to. Of course, the planar structure 10C is also provided.

  In the planar structure 10H of the eighth embodiment shown in the schematic longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 8 (a) and the schematic lateral sectional view of FIG. 8 (b), the branched portion 25 branches into the planar body 15. A hollow duct 20 d is formed extending in the surface direction, and a granular cavity 30 is formed in the planar body 15 and communicated with the communication opening 31 in the same manner as described above. The size comparison between the pipe diameter of the hollow pipe 20d and the hole diameter of the granular cavity 30 is also appropriate as described above. In addition, since a hollow pipe line becomes a branched structure, even if it is a small number of pipe lines, the fluid | circulation property of the fluid with respect to the surface direction of a planar body and the thickness of a planar body can be improved.

  The planar structure having a granular cavity is not limited to the illustrated example. For example, a granular cavity can be applied to a structure in which a pipe line extends in the surface direction as in the planar structures 10A 'and 10B'. Furthermore, the present invention can also be applied to a case where hollow pipes having different directions are separately provided inside the planar body, such as the planar structures 10C ′ and 10D ′.

  As described so far, the surface area of the structure greatly increases due to the formation of the granular cavity inside the planar structure. Therefore, the adhesion of particles in gas or liquid, and the availability as a scaffold for cell culture increase.

Following According to the planar structure 10J of the ninth embodiment shown in schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 9, the interior of the planar body 15 is substantially acicular short hollow pipe 20a is formed, the same planar A granular cavity 30 is formed inside the body 15. Further , the inclusion 40 is included in the granular cavity 30. Since the structure of the hollow duct and the granular cavity is the same as described above, the description thereof is omitted. The encapsulant 40 is a material or substance selected mainly for the purpose of adsorption, release, or its auxiliary purpose. These details will be described later. In the case of this planar structure 10 </ b> J, the inclusions 40 are usually formed one by one in the granular cavity 30. Therefore, it is suitable for applications such as filtration of liquid absorbed in the planar structure.

  According to the planar structure 10K of the tenth embodiment shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 10, the substantially thread-like hollow conduit 20 b is formed inside the planar body 15. A granular cavity 30 is formed. Further, the inclusion 40 is included in the granular cavity 30.

  According to the planar structure 10L of the eleventh embodiment shown in the vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of FIG. 11A and the horizontal cross-sectional schematic diagram of FIG. 20c are formed side by side so as to be aligned in substantially the same direction in the length direction of the pipe line, and a granular cavity 30 is formed in the planar body 15 and communicated by the communication opening 31 in the same manner as described above. . The granular cavity 30 contains an inclusion 40.

  According to the planar structure 10M of the twelfth embodiment shown in the schematic longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 12A, the hollow pipe 20d branched by the branching portion 25 is arranged inside the planar body 15 in the same manner as described above. In the same manner as described above, the granular cavity 30 is formed in the planar body 15 and communicated by the communication opening 31. The granular cavity 30 contains an inclusion 40. Of course, as can be seen from the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 7B, the branched hollow pipe 20d is substantially surrounded by the granular cavity 30.

  In the planar structures of the ninth to twelfth embodiments disclosed in FIG. 9 to FIG. 12, the enclosure material enclosed in the granular cavity 30 has a somewhat smaller diameter compared to the cavity diameter. In addition, as the encapsulated material, a finer powder with a small diameter may be used (see FIG. 19 described later). If the inclusion is made finer, the spatial volume of the granular cavity in the structure can be increased.

  Particularly, in the planar structures of the ninth to twelfth embodiments, the size (diameter, maximum length) of the cavity is mainly defined by the size of the enclosure. For example, the size of the hollow portion 30 is a size that allows the inclusion 40 to be included in the planar body 15, and is a size that can enhance fluidity in the structure and ensure fluid circulation and penetration performance. is there. Further, when the encapsulated material is made into a finer small-diameter powdered material, the size of the encapsulated material is suppressed from being detached from the inside of the granular cavity.

  In addition, with respect to the size of the cavity, the properties of the enclosure and the planar body may also affect. For example, a combination of hydrophilic substances (the action of hydrogen bonding), a combination of hydrophobic substances (an action of nonpolar molecules), and a combination in which cationic and anionic ionic bonds are established. Therefore, it is possible to enclose and hold the encapsulated material even when the encapsulated material is made into a finer, small-diameter powder.

Planar structure 10N of the thirteenth embodiment which is grasped from the overall perspective view of FIG. 13 (a), the planar member 11n is due to the combined Ri bonded two or more layers of film material or sheet-like material. The branched hollow pipe 20d ″ is formed inside the planar body 11n. In the drawing, two layers of a first sheet body 101 and a second sheet body 102 having a granular cavity 30 are formed. is Ri combined structure bonded. Then, hollow conduit 20d "in cemented Ri mating surface 105 that both sheets bodies are in close contact (see cutaway portion) is formed as a groove-shaped portion 110. That is, the hollow conduit 20d ″ in this example is formed so as to bite as a groove.

  As shown in the schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 13B, the first sheet body 101 side of the planar structure 10N is a flat plate with a dense structure, and the second sheet body 102 side is a flat plate with a porous structure. It is. The groove-shaped portion 110 is formed so as to be grasped from the shape of the opening of the hollow duct 20d ″. In the case of the structure 10N of this embodiment, the fluid is absorbed and permeated from one surface side of the structure. In addition, while suppressing diffusion to the outside, the functions of fluid absorption and permeation and diffusion to the outside can be expressed only on the other surface side. It is the shape.

In addition, as in the planar structure 10N ′ shown in the schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 13C, the first sheet body 103 having the granular cavity 30 and the enclosure 40 is enclosed in the granular cavity. It is formed by two two-layer bonded Ri alignment of the sheet member 104. In this structure, the hollow duct 20 d ″ is provided as the groove-shaped portion 110 in the second sheet body 104.

Continued planar structure 10N shown in overall perspective view of FIG. 14 "is due to the cemented Ri combined consisting dense tabular first sheet 101 of the structure, plate-like second sheet body 102 of the porous structure. Its surface A substantially thread-like hollow conduit 20d ″ that is gently bent into a substantially N-shape and has a branched structure is formed inside the cylindrical body 11n ″. Also in this structure, the hollow conduit 20d ″ is formed. Is provided as a groove-like portion 110 on one sheet body. In the illustrated planar structures 10N, 10N ′, and 10N ″, the structures on both sides are different, but of course, they may be the same. In this case, as understood from the invention of the manufacturing method described later, Manufacturing is simplified.

  In the drawings showing the planar structures of the embodiments, the same reference numerals indicate common members and structures. Therefore, the description thereof is omitted. Moreover, since each embodiment is an illustration, the deformation | transformation by an appropriate combination is also accept | permitted besides this.

As a material for forming the planar structure of the embodiment disclosed in the drawings, an organic polymer compound is used in a broad sense. Organic polymer compounds are often selected when stability as a planar structure, ease of processing, price, and the like are important. As will be apparent from the manufacturing method described later, this is convenient in the case of a planar shape and has a wide range of uses. As the organic polymer compound, for example, polyolefin resin, polyamide resin, or polyester resin is used. In addition, natural organic polymer compounds derived from animals, plants, and microorganisms are also used for organic polymer compounds in consideration of biodegradability.

  Examples of polyolefin resins include ethylene homopolymer, random and one or more α-olefins such as ethylene and propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, etc. Block copolymer, one or more random or block copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, methyl acrylate, propylene homopolymer, ethylene other than propylene and propylene, 1-butene , 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, etc., one or more random or block copolymers with α-olefin, 1-butene homopolymer, ionomer resin, and Hydrocarbon resins such as polyolefin resins such as mixtures of these polymers, petroleum resins and terpene resins Resin.

  Examples of the polyamide resin include polyamide resins such as nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 610, nylon 6/66, nylon 66/610, and nylon MXD.

  Examples of the polyester resin include polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthalate.

  Other usable resins include acrylic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate, styrene-acrylonitrile resins such as polystyrene and styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers, fluorine resins such as PTFE, polyisoprene resins, and butadiene resins such as SBR. Rubber, polyimide resin, hydrogen bonding resin such as polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, polycarbonate resin, vinyl chloride resin, vinylidene chloride resin, polyetherimide resin, phenol resin, melamine resin, epoxy resin, urea resin, Examples thereof include silicone resins and polyketone resins.

  Natural organic polymer compounds include both compounds that use products from animals and plants almost as they are, and resin materials that are appropriately prepared using this compound as a starting material. Examples of the former natural products include collagen, starch, alginic acid (cross-linked product, etc.), chitin, chitosan, natural rubber, gum arabic, dammar, copal, rosin, and Guttavelca. The latter resin material includes protein resins derived from keratin such as wool, for example, poly-3-hydroxybutyric acid or poly-3-hydroxyvaleric acid produced from bacteria such as Bacillus, and a copolymer comprising both molecules , Casein plastic, soy protein plastic, cellulose acetate (acetylbutylcellulose), cellulose acetate butyrate, carboxymethylcellulose, nitrocellulose, in addition to regenerated cellulose prepared from viscose derived from cellulose, polylactic acid prepared from starch, etc. Various resins are applicable. In addition to these, polycaprolactone, polyethylene succinate, polybutylene succinate and the like excellent in microbial biodegradability can also be included.

  In selecting the material for forming the planar body of the listed organic polymer compounds (including natural organic polymer compounds), the material is appropriately selected according to the use and application field of the planar structure. In addition to these organic polymer compounds, inorganic materials such as calcium phosphate (hydroxyapatite) may be applied. In the case of the planar structure shown in the thirteenth embodiment, the materials constituting each surface may be the same or different.

  The planar structures of the ninth to twelfth embodiments disclosed in FIGS. 9 to 12, and further, the inclusions enclosed in the granular cavities disclosed in the thirteenth embodiment are formed inside the planar structures. In addition to improving the fluidity (fluidity) of the fluid associated with the hollow pipe, it mainly has the functions of adsorption or release, oxidation or reduction, magnetism or catalyst alone or in combination. From this, the main function of the planar structure which has an enclosure is demonstrated.

[Adsorption function]
In adsorption, it is to remove unnecessary molecular species from the fluid regardless of the water system or the gas system. The inclusions for adsorption purposes are roughly classified into carbon-based adsorbents, inorganic adsorbents, and organic adsorbents.

-Carbon-based adsorbent For the carbon-based adsorbent, carbides of natural materials such as trees, bamboo, coconut shells, and coffee beans can be used. In addition to these natural product-derived activated carbons, synthetic-derived activated carbons using various organic resins such as old tires and phenol resins are used. Of course, the starting materials for activated carbon are not limited to these, and the production method, activation method, and the like are appropriate.

  Activated carbon is simple in terms of handling such as sealing and holding in the cavity, and is excellent in heat resistance and chemical resistance such as acid and alkali. Moreover, the existing activated carbon product can also be diverted easily. In general, activated carbon has a wide range of pores ranging from micropores (pore diameter 2 nm or less), mesopores (2-50 nm), macropores (50 nm or more), and various pore diameters, pore distributions, surface areas, etc. The index can be controlled relatively uniformly. Therefore, it is possible to easily select the type of the activated carbon in accordance with the adsorption and capture of the target substances of various sizes.

  Here, activated carbon, which is a good example of the inclusion, is divided into bead-like, granular, powder-like, and fiber-like forms. These activated carbons are selected according to the application of adsorption. The bead-like activated carbon has a true spherical shape with an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 1000 μm. The granular activated carbon has an average particle size of 100 to 1000 μm. Powdered activated carbon is crushed with an average particle size of 0.1 to 100 μm. The fibrous activated carbon has an average cross-sectional diameter of 0.01 to 20 μm and a total length of 0.1 to 1000 μm. These are only examples, and it is naturally possible to use only a single species or a mixture of activated carbons having different starting materials in addition to a plurality of types and sizes.

In addition to these, mesoporous carbon can be used as the carbon-based adsorbent because of its high selective adsorption performance. In addition, the use of fullerene molecules such as C ₆₀ , C ₇₀ , C ₉₀ , carbon nanotubes, carbon nanohorns, etc. is also considered in view of their unique properties.

-Inorganic and organic adsorbents Examples of inorganic adsorbents include silica gel, microporous silica, activated alumina, zirconium phosphate and the like. Furthermore, zeolite and smectite (montmorillonite) using ion exchange ability can also be included. Other examples include porous metal oxides such as porous manganese oxide, porous metal hydroxides, apatite, and the like. As organic adsorbents, synthetic adsorbents such as chitins, ion exchange resins such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), chelate resins, and organometallic complexes are considered.

  With the above absorption function, for example, in the field of air purification, deodorization, absorption of organic solvents that cause sick house syndrome, adsorption, living odor such as ammonia odor, films intended for absorption of odors such as pets and livestock, A good example is a sheet. Also, in the fields of water purification, decolorization, etc., films, sheets, etc. for the purpose of adsorbing nitrogen and phosphorus in domestic wastewater, adsorbing heavy metals (ions), adsorbing organic solvents and oil spills are good examples. Become. Incidentally, in the application of adsorption, fine particles of resin fibers can be used for the encapsulated material in order to assist the liquid to be impregnated and permeated by capillary action. According to this, the liquid retention performance by the planar structure is improved.

[Discharge function]
The release is a phenomenon in which various characteristics of the inclusion are expressed outside the planar structure or in a fluid flowing through a conduit in the structure. For example, there are the following application examples (a) to (e).

  (A) For the purpose of retaining fertilizer, for example, a microsphere containing individual or plural ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, lime superphosphate, etc., is used as an encapsulant. When the sheet containing the fertilizer component itself is used, it is useful for use as a soil improvement material sheet or a greening growth sheet. In particular, by using the above-mentioned biodegradable resin as the resin species, the burden of waste disposal after aging is eliminated.

  (B) For the purpose of retaining aroma and medicinal components, for example, a fragrance that volatilizes and diffuses various compounds such as menthol, geraniol, limonene, various esters, and pinenes used as perfumes, fragrances, insecticides, etc. Can be processed into insecticides. Once the desired fragrance molecules are impregnated into silica gel or other microspheres, or the desired fragrance molecules are encapsulated in crown ether or cyclodextrin and impregnated into silica gel microspheres, and then the impregnation material is enclosed. It is carried as an object in the planar structure. In this case, in the case of a film or sheet, an aromatic sheet, an insecticidal sheet or the like can be obtained, or a building material such as a new wallpaper can be obtained. Although it is a relatively small amount of fragrance component, it can be efficiently propagated because it uses diffusion from the hollow pipe or cavity. Of course, it is possible to adjust the diffusion rate according to the hollow pipe line, the size of the inner diameter of the cavity, and the like.

  (C) For sterilization or antibacterial purposes, an inorganic antibacterial agent or an organic antibacterial agent can also be used as the encapsulated material. In particular, inorganic antibacterial agents in which metal ions such as silver and copper are supported on inorganic ion exchangers such as zeolite and apatite are excellent in heat resistance and safety. It is promising as a base material for masks and garments.

  (D) For color development, the encapsulated material can be various organic and inorganic pigments. Examples thereof include aniline compounds, oxides such as copper, chromium and iron, various spinel crystals, perovskite structures (composite oxides), and oxide-coated glass flakes. Naturally, various types of fluorescence are also included. For example, in addition to fluorite and phosphorescent paint, a phosphorescent agent such as strontium aluminate can be used. In addition to the pigment, metal or alloy fine powder can be used for the encapsulated material. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a structure having a different hue from the conventional one.

  (E) Irradiation sources of gamma rays, which are electromagnetic waves other than light, and beta rays can be used as inclusions, and planar structures can be used for these carriers. Depending on the dose of the inclusions, it can be used as a sterilizing, bacteriostatic, antiseptic, etc., as well as a base for radiation sensitization. Radioisotope alone as a radiation source, its compound, and natural ore are used for the inclusion.

[Oxidation / reduction function]
Oxidation is a phenomenon in which molecular species existing outside the planar structure enter into the hollow duct and the cavity, where they are oxidized by the inclusion. For example, oxidative deodorization can be considered in which a structure is changed by oxidizing a molecule that causes odors such as indoors and becomes an odorless molecule. Therefore, loading of potassium dichromate and potassium permanganate is assumed. In addition, explosives and explosives can be encapsulated in the cavity as an example of utilization of a rapid oxidation reaction. The reduction is a phenomenon in which molecular species existing outside the communicating porous structure enter the hollow duct and the cavity and are reduced by the inclusions here. As an example, it is conceivable to encapsulate an inclusion impregnated with a scavenger for an oxygen radical species or a molecular species encapsulating the oxygen radical species. For example, the use of carotene, tocopherol, etc. is considered.

[Magnetic function]
The magnetism means that the inclusion itself enclosed in the cavity of the communicating porous structure is magnetized. In this application, the encapsulated material can be iron sand, iron powder, neodymium magnet powder, various magnets derived from magnetotactic bacteria.

[Catalyst function]
The catalyst is a phenomenon in which a molecular species existing outside the communicating porous structure enters the cavity and changes in the structure of the molecular species when it comes into contact with the inclusion. For this reason, the catalytic function often overlaps various functions such as oxidation and reduction. As a good example, metal elements such as silver, gold, platinum, and titanium oxide, metal oxides, and the like are used for the enclosure. For example, a film that can decompose odor can be provided. In addition, the use of an immobilized enzyme immobilized on porous glass beads, alginic acid or the like is also considered, and its use as an enzyme reaction membrane is also considered.

  The functions listed above are examples. In addition, a shielding function can be provided. The purpose of the shielding function is to cut off the object from external energy such as various electromagnetic waves, X-rays, γ-rays, β-rays, neutron rays, and magnetic force, or external diffusion and radiation of these energy generated from the contents. The purpose is to prevent. Therefore, graphite, a metal element, or a compound thereof is mainly used for the inclusion in the granular cavity of the planar structure that shields ionizing radiation and the like. When used as a neutron moderator (shielding), a boron compound can be used as appropriate for the enclosure. In addition, depending on the type of inclusion, there is a possibility of radioactive decay due to irradiation with γ rays or the like, so the element type of the inclusion is appropriately selected according to the line type.

  In shielding electromagnetic force, it is useful for noise countermeasures and high frequency protection of precision electronic equipment. For example, when a film having a planar structure using copper or charcoal as an inclusion is obtained, it is conceivable to protect the electronic circuit board with the film.

  In the planar structure having the inclusions described in detail so far in the cavity, the function to be expressed is not necessarily limited to one type. For example, both the activated carbon and titanium oxide may be used as the encapsulated material, and the functions of adsorption and catalyst (decomposition) may be provided. Moreover, the silver zeolite which hold | maintained the silver in the zeolite can be used, and it can also be equipped with the function of adsorption | suction and discharge | release (antibacterial). Furthermore, substances such as silica gel, cellulose, and calcium alginate absorb water in the air in a high humidity environment, and release the absorbed water in the air in a low humidity environment. Therefore, the use of the film of the planar structure using these as inclusions for a humidity control wall material, a humidity control storage container or the like that reduces indoor humidity change is considered.

  Furthermore, it is also possible to impregnate and carry a separate substance on the planar structure itself having an inclusion. The inside of the cavity of the structure not only holds the inclusion, but also impregnates and impregnates the impregnation. For example, the impregnated components are quickly released out of the structure, followed by the inclusion. That is, it is possible to perform two-stage discharge with different discharge speeds. In particular, due to the presence of the hollow conduit, the diffusion of the components included in the structure is further facilitated. In this case, the biodegradable resin is used as a base material for the planar body, fertilizer or charcoal is used for the inclusion, a planar structure having these is created, and the planar structure is separately impregnated with agricultural chemicals. It is also possible to impregnate as a product. Such a structure is useful as a greening and growing sheet that can be decomposed by microorganisms.

From this, the manufacturing method (1st manufacturing method example) of the planar structure of this invention is demonstrated. That is , as can be understood from the schematic process diagram of FIG. 15, the base material (S1) includes a planned dissolved substance (S2) that can be dissolved afterwards, They are kneaded with each other (S3) to obtain a material to be dissolved (S4). This material to be dissolved is molded into a predetermined planar shape (S5) and obtained as a planar molded body (S6). Subsequently, the preliminarily-dissolved material contained in the pipe is dissolved from the planar molded body, and the removal is completed (S7). In this way, the place where the pipe line planned melted substance in the planar molded body was present is replaced with the hollow pipeline, and a planar molded body as a finished product is obtained. Details of each step (S1 to S7) will be described below.

The material of the substrate (basic material of the structure) is the same as the material forming the above-described planar structure, and an organic polymer compound is used in a broad sense. This is because the organic polymer compound is often selected when stability as a base material, and further, as a planar structure, ease of processing, price, etc. are important and kneading is easy. Details of the resin type of the base material are omitted because they refer to the above-mentioned polyolefin resin, polyamide resin, polyester resin, etc., and natural organic polymer compounds considering biodegradability.

The ex post dissolvable conduit will be lysate in below the dissolution and removal of water, the enzyme is a composition that is removed by either an organic solvent. For example, starch fiber, gelatin fiber, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), polylactic acid and the like are dissolved in and removed by water and enzymes. It is. The pre-dissolved material to be dissolved and removed by the organic solvent is a fibrous material of polystyrene or polycaprolactone. Of course, it is not limited to these examples, and cotton yarn, hemp yarn, silk yarn, etc., which are plant fibers, can also be used.

  If a short hollow pipe such as the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is desired for the shape of the material to be dissolved in the pipe, the needle-like object obtained by crushing the illustrated fibrous material to an appropriate length and making it fine Used. If a hollow conduit such as the second embodiment of FIG. 2 is desired, a linear object obtained by cutting the illustrated fibrous material into an appropriate length is used.

  Kneading is to mix the base material and the material to be dissolved in the pipeline almost uniformly, and a known blender, kneader or the like is used depending on the production scale. Usually, kneading may be performed while heating so that the resin as a base material does not cure.

  The material to be melted consisting of the base material and the material to be melted in the pipeline is obtained by using a well-known molding technique in the field of resin processing such as extrusion molding, blow molding, press molding and the like to obtain a planar molded body. In addition, a tape casting method or the like may be used.

In particular , when the planar molded body is a film or a sheet, a known method such as a T-die method, a tubular method, or a calendar method is used. A film having a base material as a thermoplastic resin may be a stretched film because of its mechanical properties. As a stretching method for producing a stretched film, known methods such as roll-uniaxial stretching, rolling, sequential biaxial stretching, simultaneous biaxial stretching, and tubular stretching can be used. In particular, sequential biaxial stretching and simultaneous biaxial stretching are preferred because they are excellent in terms of thickness accuracy and mechanical properties. In the case of using a stretched film, molding is facilitated by stretching the pre-dissolved material to be ducted while appropriately warming the previously-mentioned material to be dissolved in warm water or the like.

  The dissolution / removal of the to-be-dissolved material will be described in detail. One of water, an enzyme, and an organic solvent is used depending on the material of the material to be dissolved in the pipeline. Here, the water includes warm water, hot water, and subcritical water. Moreover, adjustment of the pH value of an acid / alkali and a solution of an appropriate salt are also included. These can be collectively referred to as aqueous solvents. Obviously, the substrate is made of a material that is insoluble and hardly soluble in water. The advantage of using a water-based solvent is that elution and removal of the material to be dissolved in the pipeline can be performed easily and inexpensively. In addition, since only the drying process is required after the elution and removal of the material to be dissolved in the pipeline, the process required for manufacturing becomes simple, and the manufacturing cost can be relatively reduced. Incidentally, in drying, it is preferable to perform drying for a short time with superheated steam in consideration of thermal degradation of the substrate.

  An enzyme is also used as another form of the aqueous solvent. The substance to be dissolved in the pipeline is a substance that can be removed by the enzyme, that is, a substrate. The enzyme to be used is selected from hydrolases such as amylase, pullulanase, cellulase, lipase and protease (peptidase), and may be a single type of enzyme or a plurality of types of enzymes depending on the substrate. The advantage of the enzyme treatment is that a sheet-like molded body can be formed using a material to be dissolved in a pipeline that is insoluble and hardly soluble in water.

  In addition, when trying to elute and remove the material to be dissolved in the pipeline with an organic solvent, the types of organic solvents are methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol and other alcohols, dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, etc. Ethers, other ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetate, other acetonitrile, hexane, cyclohexane, octane, benzene, toluene, xylene, pyridine, chloroform, tetrachloroethylene, silicone oil, terpenes, limonene Any of these may be used. These can be used alone, but in view of the solubility of the substrate, a plurality of types of organic solvents can be mixed and used.

  In the case of water-soluble resins such as the above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone, they are solubilized with water. Therefore, the place where the pipeline to-be-dissolved material was easily replaced with the hollow pipeline. The same applies to elution with an organic solvent. Further, in the case of starch fiber or gelatin fiber, hydrolysis by an enzyme is added together with water content, so that the place where the pre-dissolved material for the pipeline was present becomes a hollow pipeline as it is.

Then, the manufacturing method (2nd manufacturing method example) of another planar structure is demonstrated using the schematic process drawing of FIG. FIG. 4A corresponds to the base material preparation stage. In the case where the finished planar structure has a porous structure, a granular material 205 to be dissolved later is added to the base material 201. These are sufficiently kneaded, and the granular material to be dissolved is uniformly dispersed in the base material to obtain a dispersion 210.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, the planned pipeline melt 220 is allowed to stand, and the dispersion is poured therein, so that the planned melt is floated in the dispersion. A dissolved material containing a granular material is obtained. In FIG. 5C, the material to be dissolved becomes a sheet-like molded body 240 after being dried or appropriately shaped. From this sheet-shaped body, the embedded material to be dissolved in the pipe line and the granular material to be dissolved are removed by elution to obtain a porous sheet structure 250 having the hollow pipe line in FIG. It is done.

According to the manufacturing method shown in the figure, a substantially rod-shaped (on a straight line) pipeline to-be-dissolved material is used. Therefore, by aligning the way in which the pipelines to be melted are arranged , the pipelines to be melted are embedded in the melted material in the direction extending in the surface direction of the planar molded body (up and down direction on the paper surface). Furthermore , it is embed | buried so that it may become substantially the same in the length direction of a planar molded object, even if the length is arrange | equalized and the length is arrange | equalized with the method of arranging the substantially rod-shaped (on a straight line) to-be-dissolved pipe. Therefore, it is possible to easily align the direction in the surface direction of the hollow pipe line and the direction in the length direction in the planar structure to be completed.

  In FIG. 5C, a flat sheet-like molded body can be obtained by simply removing the mold. In order to control the thickness of the molded body, it is appropriately pressed and stretched to form a film or a sheet. Of course, in addition to using such a mold, it is also possible to extrude the pipe-to-be-dissolved material and the material to be melted together and spread them thinly, and the molding method is free.

Removal of the granular material to be dissolved is performed with water, an enzyme, or an organic solvent. The hot water, hot water, and subcritical water are also included in substantially the same manner as the above-described method of dissolving the pipe to be dissolved. Also included are adjustment of pH values of acids and alkalis (dilute hydrochloric acid, etc.) and appropriate salt solutions. Further, a hydrolase such as amylase is added to these. In addition, since it is a granular material to be dissolved, its shape is not particularly limited as long as it has a particle size. For example, sugar, salt, alum crystals, starch particles (powder), and lime powder are used. Further, when a granular material such as styrene or polycaprolactone is used as the granular material to be dissolved, the material to be dissolved is dissolved and removed by an organic solvent.

  The form and particle size of starch particles vary depending on the plant species, and the particle size is about 1 to 100 μm. For example, potato starch particles have an elliptical shape with an average particle size of about 30 to 40 μm, and corn starch particles have an average particle size of about 13 to 15 μm and have a slightly angular shape. These starch particles are selected depending on the shape of the hollow portion of the target planar structure, and only one type or a plurality of types of starch particles are used as the granular material to be dissolved.

In addition to the substantially rod-like shape shown in the figure, the shape of the planned melted pipe line can be changed to the branch structure 300 shown in FIG. 17 so as to be the hollow pipe 20d shown in FIG. Here, a method of making the branch structure 300, which is one of the pipelines to be dissolved, will be described with reference to FIG.

  The monofilament 301 in FIG. 5A is selected from the above-mentioned starch fibers, gelatin fibers and the like. A predetermined number of monofilaments 301 are twisted to obtain a multifilament 302 shown in FIG. Furthermore, a predetermined number of multifilaments 302 are twisted together to obtain the melted string-like material 303 in FIG. Next, a predetermined number of twisted cords 303 to be melted are further twisted to complete the melted ropes 304 in FIG.

  When the melted string-like material 303 is unwound one by one from the end of the melted rope-like material 304, the melted string-like material 303 branches from the melted rope-like material 304 one by one from the branch portion 305, and the branched structure 300. According to this production method, the diameter of the melted rope 304 is also reduced from one end side 306 to the other end side 307. Therefore, it is considered that when the fluid is introduced from the one end side 306 after the branch structure is dissolved and removed, the fluid easily flows into the individual sub-channels well above the inflow pressure. Of course, the method of forming the branch structure 300 and the method of twisting are not limited to this example and are appropriate.

  In the manufacturing method of the planar structure disclosed in FIG. 16, when a base material is simply used instead of the material to be dissolved containing the granular material to be dissolved, the granular cavity is not formed in the finished planar structure. Therefore, the presence or absence of the formation of the granular cavity can be selected relatively easily.

  Next, another method for manufacturing a planar structure (third manufacturing method example) will be described with reference to the schematic process diagram of FIG. As in the second example of production, the figure (a) corresponds to the preparation stage of the substrate. In the case where the finished planar structure has a porous structure, a granular material 205 to be dissolved later is added to the base material 201. These are sufficiently kneaded, and the granular material to be dissolved is uniformly dispersed in the base material to obtain a dispersion 210.

  In FIG. 6B, first, the dispersion 210 is formed and processed into a film shape or a sheet shape by a known method. Then, as shown in FIG. 6C, the pipeline-scheduled material 220 is drawn on the surface of the obtained film sheet 215. In the drawing, it is branched. At the time of drawing, it is desirable to employ a method of drawing a water-soluble resin such as polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl pyrrolidone on the film surface using a coating apparatus Dm equipped with a known robot arm that is numerically controlled and driven. This is because when a coating apparatus is used, it is easy to duplicate the same pattern and control the resin discharge amount. In addition, it may be drawn directly by hand with a brush, or sugar or salt may be drawn on a film surface by sprinkling sugar or salt on a line or the like.

After finishing the drawing, as shown in FIG. (D), a film-like material and the surface pipe will be melt drawing of the sheet (or placed) has been one surface is cemented Ri mating surface 213, and the here again film material for coating a pipe will be lysates (sheet) is adhered Ri keyed to the planar molded body on its surface. Film material and cemented Ri alignment surface of the sheet is thermally bonded, such as crimping by ultrasound is used. Film material are combined Ri stuck again, etc. may be varied as similar to the dispersion supra. In the figure, the same composition was used.

Thereafter, it dissolved from the film material or sheet lamination Ri planar molded body formed by combination of, as described above, the conduit will be lysates and particulate the lysate, water, enzymes or an organic solvent, Removed. In this way, as shown in FIG. 5E, the granular hollow portion is formed at the same time as the hollow conduit, and the porous planar structure 260 having the hollow conduit is obtained.

According to a third method embodiment disclosed in FIG. 18, since the cemented Ri mating structure between the film material or sheet-like material, freely designing the shape of the conduit will be melt formed in the cemented Ri mating surface thereof In addition, the pre-dissolved material in the pipeline is not easily damaged by subsequent processes. Therefore, it is particularly convenient for the to-be-dissolved material which is required to maintain a complicated shape such as a branched shape. In addition to the illustrated drawing, the planned melted pipe line having a predetermined shape such as the aforementioned branch structure 300 may be placed as it is, or the planned melted pipe line is previously placed on the surface of a different sheet. drawn advance, it can also be formed by transferring a mating surface side of Ri pasting them. Furthermore, a fiber-like or needle-like to-be-dissolved material may be sprinkled on the surface appropriately. That is, the range of materials that can be dissolved in the pipeline is increased.

FIG. 19 shows an example in which an inclusion is contained (remains) in the granular cavity in the above-described planar molded body. That is , the granular composite materials 4A, 4B, and 4C in which the whole or part of the surface of the encapsulated material is covered with a material to be dissolved that can be subsequently dissolved are added to the base material forming the planar molded body. The said granular composite material is added and mixed instead of the granular to-be-dissolved substance shown to the said 2nd manufacturing method example and the 3rd manufacturing method example, and becomes a dispersion. In addition to the pre-dissolved material to be pipelined, as specified in the invention of claim 22, the material to be dissolved is dissolved and removed by water, an enzyme, or an organic solvent. Each step is the same as the second manufacturing method example and the third manufacturing method example, and is omitted.

  In the composite material 4A shown in FIG. 5A, the whole or part of the surface of the encapsulated material 40a is covered with the material to be dissolved 41a. When the composite material 4A is added to the base material, a planar structure is obtained in which the inclusion 40a is left in the granular cavity of FIG. When encapsulating a relatively large particle size, a composite material 4A may be used. In the composite material 4B shown in FIG. 5B, a plurality of inclusions 40b are aggregated and all or a part of the surface is covered with the filler 41b to be dissolved. When the composite material 4B is added to the base material, a planar structure is obtained in which the encapsulated material 40b remains in the granular cavity of FIG. Further, in the composite 4C shown in FIG. 4C, the inclusion 40c is attached to all or a part of the surface of the material to be dissolved 41c, and the periphery of the inclusion 40c on the surface is covered with the binder 42. It is a protected structure. When the composite material 4C is added to the base material, a planar structure is obtained in which the encapsulated material 40c adheres in the granular cavity of FIG. In the case of this structure, the space volume of the granular cavity can be increased. In the figure, symbol tu is a hollow pipe line, and mp is a granular cavity.

  The inclusions are activated carbon and other substances and materials having various functions such as adsorption and release. For the filler to be dissolved, water-soluble materials such as sugar and salt are used. Furthermore, natural compounds such as dextrin, pullulan, sucrose, maltose, trehalose and glucose, or water-soluble polymer compounds such as CMC, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone can be used as the binder. Each illustrated composite material is granulated by kneading the encapsulated material and the filler to be dissolved, spray-drying, etc., and subjected to sieving, classification, etc., and the particle size is made uniform. If it does in this way, only a to-be-dissolved filler will be lose | disappeared comparatively easily, and only the enclosure inside will be left efficiently.

  As for the planar structure and the manufacturing method illustrated and described above, the applicable fields are not necessarily limited, and become a cushioning material, a fluid supply material, a liquid absorbing material and the like described in detail in each embodiment, Applications of decolorization and separation can be expected, and application examples such as wallpaper materials and insulating materials such as heat insulating materials, greening sheets, and oil spill recovery materials are used. In particular, the size and shape of the hollow duct formed inside can be controlled, and the combination with the cavity can be designed freely, so that a small and thin reactor such as a microreactor can be manufactured at low cost. it can.

  Furthermore, it is considered effective as a scaffold for cell culture. In floating cell types such as lymphocytes, culture in a liquid medium is common. On the other hand, in the case of various adherent cell types such as hepatocytes, islets of Langerhans cells, and keratinocytes, a scaffold is required for efficient proliferation in consideration of the effect of cell adhesion.

  In particular, the surface area of the structure is dramatically increased by using a planar structure having a granular cavity together with a hollow pipe. If it does in this way, a cell can be proliferated on the inner surface of a granular cavity part, and also a cell can be penetrate | invaded also into the inside of a structure. That is, even in the case of cell types in which it is difficult to stack cultured cells until now, it is relatively easy to fill the inside of the structure film or sheet with the cultured cells. Conventionally, a cultured cell having a simple layer structure can be given a three-dimensional spread using a porous material.

Furthermore, it is possible to perform suction such that a negative pressure is applied to the inside of the structure using a hollow pipe. Then waste that will be discharged from the cultured cells is aspirated through the conduit, fresh nutrients from always the culture fluid side, oxygen or the like penetrates into the inside of the structure. Even cultured cells attached to the cavity inside the structure are less susceptible to growth inhibition. As a result, the non-uniformity of cell growth can be eliminated, and it can be a new cell culture scaffold not seen before. Alternatively, nutrient components, oxygen, cell growth factors, and the like can be circulated and diffused from the hollow duct.

  In addition, it is disclosed in solid polymer fuel cells, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-24555 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-85911, depending on the selection of the resin type, the size of the hollow pipe and the granular cavity, and the combination thereof. There is a way to apply to polymer membranes used in biofuel cells. In addition, it is expected to be used as a bioreactor or separation membrane containing immobilized enzymes, antibodies, DNA, etc. using a hollow tube, a granular cavity, or an inclusion as a carrier. Furthermore, it will be studied as a selectively permeable membrane and a regenerative medical material.

[Prototype of planar structure]
The inventors of the present invention have observed the surface or the cross section as appropriate together with the trial production of the planar structure shown and described in detail so far.

・ Prototype Example 1 (Reference Example) (A planar structure with a needle-like hollow pipe)
A linear low-density polyethylene resin (manufactured by Ube Maruzen Polyethylene Co., Ltd .: trade name “Umerit 0540F”) was used as a base material constituting the planar structure. This linear low density polyethylene resin (LLDPE resin) was freeze-pulverized to obtain a resin powder. Hereinafter, it demonstrates as PE resin powder.

  Starch fiber was used as the material to be dissolved in the pipeline. This starch fiber is a starch fiber obtained by gelatinizing starch having a high amylopectin content and spinning in alcohol.

  70 parts by weight of sufficiently dried starch fiber is mixed with 30 parts by weight of the PE resin powder, and the PE resin powder is melted and kneaded while heating to 170 ° C. using a biaxial kneader, and the dissolved material R11 is dissolved. Obtained. The material to be dissolved R11 is quickly poured into the stainless steel mirror plate, pressed at 10 MPa for 5 minutes while maintaining the mirror plate at 150 ° C., and after cooling, the material to be dissolved is taken out from the stainless steel mirror plate. Then, a sheet-like molded body R12 (length 2 cm × width 2 cm, thickness 400 μm) was obtained.

  An amylase (manufactured by Daiwa Kasei Co., Ltd .: trade name “Chrytase T-5”) was used to remove the starch fiber to-be-dissolved material from the planar molded body R12. After immersing the planar molded body R12 in an 80 ° C. hot water bath containing 1% by weight of the same enzyme and adjusting the pH to 6.0 for 1 hour, the planar molded body R12 was immersed in an ultrasonic bath at 40 ° C. for 5 minutes, and further for 1 minute. Washed with running water. After rinsing with water, it was dried in a dryer at 80 ° C. for 24 hours. In this way, a planar structure R13 having a substantially needle-like short hollow pipe was prototyped (Prototype Example 1).

  For Prototype Example 1, the cross section was observed with an electron microscope. FIG. 20 is a horizontal cross-sectional photograph (magnification 100 times) at the time of the planar molded body, and FIG. 21 is a horizontal cross-sectional photograph (magnification 100 times) of the finished planar structure. At the time of the planar molded body in FIG. 20, the melted LLDPE resin surrounds the starch fiber to-be-dissolved material, and the whole is a lump. On the other hand, according to the planar structure of FIG. That is, the starch fiber to be dissolved in the pipeline was dissolved by the enzyme, and a hollow pipeline could be formed as a trace.

  In preparing the planar structure of Prototype Example 1, in order to increase the dissolution efficiency of starch fibers (dissolved material to be ducted) present in the planar molded body with respect to the ratio of the resin powder and starch fibers, It is necessary to increase the abundance ratio. According to the experience of the inventors, when only starch fibers are used for the material to be dissolved in the pipeline, it is preferable that the amount of the starch fibers is more than half of the volume of the planar molded body.

-Prototype Example 2 (Reference Example) (A planar structure with random linear hollow pipes)
As a substrate constituting the planar structure, a linear low density polyethylene resin film (manufactured by Futamura Chemical Co., Ltd .: trade name “LL-XMTN” thickness 150 μm), and a gelatin for medical use for regenerative medicine are to be dissolved in a pipeline. A fiber (manufactured by Imoto Seisakusho Co., Ltd., fiber diameter: about 40 to 50 μm) was used. A red colored product was used for the gelatin fiber. Hereinafter, the above film is described as a PE resin film.

  Two pieces of PE resin film cut out to 5 cm on one side are prepared, gelatin fibers sufficiently dried are placed on the first PE resin film at random, and the second PE resin film is covered and laminated. It was set as the body R21. This laminated body R21 is introduced into a stainless steel mirror face plate and pressed at 10 MPa for 5 minutes while maintaining the mirror face plate at 140 ° C., and after cooling, the laminated body R21 is taken out from the stainless steel mirror face plate and formed into a sheet. Body R22 was obtained. The planar molded body R22 was cut off from the end of the planar molded body R22 until the cross section of the gelatin fiber was exposed. The obtained planar molded body R22 was immersed in an 80 ° C. hot water bath for 1 hour, then immersed in an ultrasonic bath at 40 ° C. for 5 minutes, and further washed with running water for 1 minute. After rinsing with water, it was dried in a dryer at 80 ° C. for 24 hours. In this way, a planar structure R23 having random thread-like hollow pipes was prototyped (Prototype Example 2).

  For Prototype Example 2, the surface and cross section were observed with an optical microscope. FIG. 22 (a) is a surface photograph at the time of the sheet-like molded body, and FIG. 22 (b) is a cross-sectional photograph (both are 50 times magnification). FIG. 23A is a surface photograph at the time of the planar structure, and FIG. 23B is a cross-sectional photograph thereof (both magnifications are 50 times). At the time of the planar molded body in FIG. 22, gelatin fibers are buried in the molten PE resin film. Since the refractive indexes are close to each other, the gelatin fibers can be seen as a blurred outline. On the other hand, according to the planar structure of FIG. 23, the hollow fiber channel was generated as a trace of the gelatin fiber planned melted material melted by hot water. As shown in the photo, the hollow pipe section became hollow, so the outline became clear.

・ Prototype example 3 (reference example) (planar structure with parallel hollow pipes)
The PE resin film was used as the base material constituting the planar structure, and the starch fiber was used as the material to be dissolved in the pipeline.

  Prepare two PE resin films with one side cut into 5 cm, place the dried starch fibers almost in parallel on the first PE resin film, and cover the second PE resin film. It was set as laminated body R31. This laminated body R31 is introduced into a stainless steel mirror plate and pressed at 10 MPa for 5 minutes while maintaining the mirror plate at 140 ° C., and after cooling, the laminated body R31 is taken out from the stainless steel mirror plate and formed into a sheet. Body R32 was obtained. The planar molded body was cut off from the end of the planar molded body R32 until the cross sections of all starch fibers were exposed.

  The planar molded body R32 was immersed in an 80 ° C. hot water bath containing 1% by weight of the amylase and adjusted to pH 6.0 for 1 hour, and then immersed in an ultrasonic bath at 40 ° C. for 5 minutes. Washed with running water for a minute. After rinsing with water, it was dried in a dryer at 80 ° C. for 24 hours. In this way, a planar structure R33 having a hollow pipe line extending substantially in parallel was made as a prototype (prototype example 3).

  Regarding Prototype Example 3, FIG. 24A is a surface photograph of a planar structure (magnification 50 times), and FIG. 24B is a cross-sectional photograph thereof (magnification 50 times). As can be seen from the photograph, a hollow tube was obtained by elution of starch fibers. It was also confirmed that the completed hollow pipes were almost parallel.

-Prototype example 4 (planar structure with random linear hollow pipes and granular cavities)
First, 78 parts by weight of potato starch (manufactured by Tokai Starch Co., Ltd.) having an average particle size of about 27 μm was mixed in 22 parts by weight of the above-mentioned PE resin powder and heated to 170 ° C. by a twin-screw kneading extruder equipped with a T die. The potato starch and the resin were kneaded while melting the resin powder. After uniformly kneading, it was extruded from a T-die and immediately introduced between two metal rolls and cooled while being pressurized with a roll to obtain a film-like product R41 (width 60 cm, thickness 200 μm). In Prototype Example 4, potato starch is a granular material to be dissolved.

  Cut out one side of the film-like material R41 to 5 cm, prepare two sheets, place the gelatin fiber sufficiently dried on the first film-like material R41 at random, and place the second film-like material A laminate R42 was formed by covering R41. This laminated body R42 is introduced into a stainless steel mirror plate and pressed at 10 MPa for 5 minutes while maintaining the mirror plate at 140 ° C. After cooling, the laminated body R42 is taken out of the stainless steel mirror plate and formed into a sheet. Body R43 was obtained. The planar molded body was cut off from the end of the planar molded body R43 until the cross section of the gelatin fiber was exposed.

  The planar molded body R43 was immersed in an 80 ° C. hot water bath containing 1% by weight of the above-mentioned amylase and adjusted to pH 6.0 for 1 hour, and then immersed in an ultrasonic bath at 40 ° C. for 5 minutes. Washed with running water for a minute. After rinsing with water, it was dried in a dryer at 80 ° C. for 24 hours. In this way, a planar structure R44 having a random thread-like hollow pipe along with the granular hollow portion was prototyped (Prototype Example 4).

  Prototype Example 4 was observed with an electron microscope. FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional photograph (50 × magnification) of the planar structure. In the cross section, an elongated space having a size different from that of the cavity is formed together with the porous structure including the granular cavity. As can be seen from the enlarged photograph of FIG. 26 (magnification 1000 times), the formation of tubular cavities accompanying the elution of gelatin fibers was confirmed.

-Prototype example 5 (planar structure including a granular cavity and a branched hollow pipe)
A 10% (w / v) solution of PVP in which polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) was dissolved in methanol was used as the material to be dissolved in the pipeline. The PVP solution was filled in a syringe with a needle having an inner diameter of 0.2 mm attached to a tabletop coating device (Musashi Engineering Co., Ltd .: trade name “SHOT mini100S”), and the film-like product R41 (PE It was drawn on the surface of resin powder containing potato starch. The pattern of drawing is a branch pattern 400 of the PVP solution simulating the veins shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. In this pattern, the branch portion 402 is connected to the trunk portion 401. Note that the branches also intersect each other. The trunk portion 401 was formed by reducing the diameter by controlling the coating amount of the PVP solution in the order of the large diameter portion 411, the medium diameter portion 412, and the small diameter portion 413.

  After sufficiently drying the film-like material coated with the branch pattern, the film-like material R41 was overlaid on the surface on which the pattern was drawn to obtain a laminate R51. This laminated body R51 is introduced into a stainless steel mirror plate and pressed at 10 MPa for 5 minutes while maintaining the mirror plate at 150 ° C., and after cooling, the laminated body R51 is taken out of the stainless steel mirror plate to obtain a planar shape. A molded product R52 was obtained. The planar molded body was cut off from the end of the planar molded body R52 until the dried PVP branch pattern was exposed.

  The planar molded body R52 was immersed in a hot water bath at pH 6.0 and 80 ° C. containing 1% by weight of the above amylase for 1 hour, and then immersed in an ultrasonic bath at 40 ° C. for 5 minutes. Washed with running water for 1 minute. After rinsing with water, it was dried in a dryer at 80 ° C. for 24 hours. In this way, a planar structure R53 having a hollow channel with a net-like branching structure together with the granular cavity was made as a prototype (prototype example 5).

<Evaluation of penetration performance>
Corona discharge treatment was performed on both surfaces of the film of the planar structure R53 using a corona discharge treatment apparatus (manufactured by Kasuga Electric Co., Ltd.) equipped with a high-frequency power source and a treatment station. Next, a PET film (Futamura Chemical Co., Ltd .: trade name “FE2001 # 25”) was prepared. Apply a dry laminate adhesive of ethyl acetate solvent on one side of this PET film, laminate the adhesive coated surface of the PET film on both sides of the planar structure R53, and pressurize to 40 ° C. so as not to cause uneven adhesion. For 3 days to obtain a laminate R54.

  A syringe needle (manufactured by Terumo Corporation: trade name “Terumo Injection Needle”, φ0.4 mm) was inserted into the main conduit of the planar structure R53 corresponding to the intermediate layer of the laminate R54. The needle of this syringe was attached to a syringe (trade name “Terumo Syringe”) manufactured by the same company, and this was attached to a syringe pump (trade name “1C3100” manufactured by KD Scientific). Using this syringe pump, a mixed solution of water and ethanol in which a blue dye was dissolved was injected at a flow rate of 10 mL / hr.

  FIG. 28 (a) is a photograph of the laminate before pouring, and FIG. 28 (b) is a photograph of the state in which the blue dye has penetrated into the laminate by pouring. As is apparent from this photograph, it can be seen that the solution of the blue dye reached the granular cavity through the main pipe and the sub pipe in the planar structure. Therefore, it was possible to confirm the diffusion of fluid in the surface direction in the planar structure.

-Prototype example 6 (planar structure having a hollow hollow pipe with inclusions in the granular cavity)
Starch (made by Futamura Chemical Co., Ltd .: trade name “Fsmash (registered trademark)”) 20% by weight was dissolved in water to form a starch solution. To 100 parts by weight of this starch solution, zinc chloride activated activated carbon (manufactured by Futamura Chemical Co., Ltd .: A dispersion was prepared by dispersing 2 parts by weight of an average particle size of 20 μm and a particle size distribution of 3 to 90 μm. This dispersion was introduced into a spray dryer at 170 ° C. and processed into a granular material together with drying. Further, the granular material was dried in a dryer at 105 ° C. for 24 hours, and then sieved with a stainless mesh having an opening of 120 μm. Only the granular material that passed through the sieve was used as a granular composite material R61. In Prototype Example 6, activated carbon is an encapsulated material, and starch is a dissolved filler.

  As the base material constituting the planar structure, ethylene vinyl alcohol resin (manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd .: trade name “Soarnol A4412”) was used. This ethylene vinyl alcohol resin was freeze-pulverized to obtain a resin powder. Hereinafter, it demonstrates as EVOH resin powder.

  The above-mentioned granular composite material R61 was mixed in 44 parts by weight of the EVOH resin powder, and the EVOH resin powder was melted and kneaded while heating to 170 ° C. using a biaxial kneader to obtain a dissolved material R62. The material R62 to be dissolved is quickly poured into the stainless steel mirror plate, pressed at 10 MPa for 5 minutes while maintaining the mirror surface plate at 170 ° C., and after cooling, the material to be dissolved is taken out from the stainless steel mirror plate. A film-like product R63 (length 10 cm × width 10 cm, thickness 200 μm) was obtained.

  A 10% (w / v) solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) used in Prototype Example 5 was filled into a syringe with a needle having an inner diameter of 0.2 mm, and this syringe was attached to the above-described desktop coating apparatus. A branched pattern shown in FIG. 27 was drawn on the surface of the film-like object R63.

  After the film-like product R63 coated with the branch pattern was sufficiently dried, the film-like product R63 not coated on the surface of the film-like product R63 on which the pattern was drawn was overlapped to form a laminate R64. This laminated body R64 was introduced into a stainless steel mirror plate and pressed at 10 MPa for 5 minutes while maintaining the mirror plate at 150 ° C., and after cooling, the laminated body R65 was taken out of the stainless steel mirror plate to obtain a planar shape. A molded product R65 was obtained.

  The planar molded body R65 was immersed in an 80 ° C. hot water bath containing 1% by weight of the amylase described above and adjusted to pH 6.0 for 2 hours, and then immersed in an ultrasonic bath at 40 ° C. for 5 minutes. Subsequently, the planar molded body R65 was cut out into a circle having a diameter of 10 cm and placed on a Buchner funnel connected to a suction bottle, and distilled water was passed through the planar molded body R65 while washing. Washing was continued until the filtrate that passed through the Buchner funnel showed no saccharide color reaction. After finishing the washing, it was dried in a dryer at 80 ° C. for 24 hours. In this manner, a planar structure R66 having an inclusion in the granular cavity and a hollow pipe having a net-like branching structure was prototyped (prototype example 6).

<Confirmation of adsorption / filtration performance>
First, as a solution to be filtered, 3 L of a liquid to be filtered was prepared by diluting dilute iodine tincture (Japanese Pharmacopoeia) with 1000 times volume of water. The color of the liquid was light brown. Next, the syringe needle was inserted into the main pipeline of the planar structure R66, and a silicone tube was also connected. The planar structure was submerged in the filtrate so that the planar structure portion into which the needle of the microsyringe was inserted did not come into contact with the filtrate. Suction was performed using a tube pump through a silicone tube at a flow rate of 0.2 mL / min. When the color of the liquid discharged from the tube pump was observed, it was almost colorless and transparent. From this result, it was confirmed that fluid was sucked through the hollow pipes and granular cavities existing in the planar structure. Furthermore, it was also confirmed that the filtration function was obtained as a separate function by leaving the encapsulated material serving as the adsorbent in the granular cavity.

It is the schematic of the planar structure regarding 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic of the planar structure of 2nd Embodiment. It is the schematic of the planar structure of 3rd Embodiment. It is the schematic of the planar structure of 4th Embodiment. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the planar structure of 5th Embodiment. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the planar structure of 6th Embodiment. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the planar structure of 7th Embodiment. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the planar structure of 8th Embodiment. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the planar structure concerning 9th Embodiment. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the planar structure of 10th Embodiment. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the planar structure of 11th Embodiment. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the planar structure of 12th Embodiment. It is the schematic of the planar structure of 13th Embodiment. It is the schematic of the other planar structure regarding 13th Embodiment. It is a schematic process drawing which shows the 1st manufacturing method example of the planar structure of this invention. It is a schematic process drawing which shows the 2nd manufacturing method example of a planar structure. It is the schematic of a branch structure. It is a schematic process drawing which shows the 3rd manufacturing method example of a planar structure. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a to-be-dissolved filler and a structure containing this. 2 is a cross-sectional photograph taken with an electron microscope at the time of the sheet-like molded body of Prototype Example 1. 3 is a cross-sectional photograph of the planar structure of Prototype Example 1 taken with an electron microscope. 3 is a surface / cross-sectional photograph taken with an optical microscope at the time of a sheet-like molded body of Prototype Example 2. FIG. 3 is a surface / cross-sectional photograph of a planar structure of Prototype Example 2 using an optical microscope. 7 is a surface / cross-sectional photograph of a planar structure of Prototype Example 3 using an optical microscope. 7 is a cross-sectional photograph of a planar structure of Prototype Example 4 taken with an electron microscope. It is an expanded sectional photograph of FIG. It is a schematic diagram of the drawn branch pattern. It is the photograph before and after injection | pouring to the laminated body of the prototype example 5. FIG.

10A, 10A ′, 10B, 10B ′, 10C, 10C ′, 10D, 10D ′, 10E, 10F, 10G, 10H, 10J, 10K, 10L, 10M, 10N, 10N ′, 10N ″ planar structure 11 planar Body 12 Cutting surface 20a, 20b, 20c, 20c ', 20d, 20d', 20d "Hollow pipe line 25 Branch part 30 Granular cavity part 40 Inclusion material 110 Grooved part 300 Branch structure

Claims (9)

Includes water- soluble resin pre-dissolved materials that can be dissolved in water or hot water later on organic polymer compounds and granular materials that can be decomposed and dissolved by enzymes afterwards. To be dissolved
After molding the material to be dissolved into a predetermined planar molded body, dissolve the planned melted pipe line contained in the planar molded body with water or hot water ,
The granular material to be dissolved is decomposed and dissolved by an enzyme,
Production of a planar structure characterized in that both a hollow pipe line derived from the pipeline planned melt and a granular cavity derived from the granular melt are formed inside the planar molded body. Method. Including the pre-dissolved material of starch fiber that can be decomposed and dissolved in an organic polymer compound by an enzyme and a granular material that can be decomposed and dissolved by an enzyme To be dissolved content,
After the material to be dissolved is formed into a predetermined sheet-shaped body, the pipe-line material to be dissolved contained in the sheet-shaped body is decomposed and dissolved by an enzyme,
The granular material to be dissolved is decomposed and dissolved by an enzyme,
Both a hollow pipe line derived from the planned melted pipe line and a granular cavity derived from the granular melt are formed in the planar molded body.
A method for producing a planar structure characterized by the above. The manufacturing method of the planar structure of Claim 1 or 2 with which the said to-be-dissolved material for pipe lines is embed | buried in the said to-be-dissolved content in the direction extended in the surface direction of the said planar molded object. The manufacturing method of the planar structure of Claim 1 or 2 with which the said to-be-dissolved material for pipe lines is embed | buried in the said to-be-dissolved content so that it may become the same in the length direction of the said planar molded object. The method for producing a planar structure according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the pre-dissolved material for a pipeline is a branched structure. The method for producing a planar structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the planar molded body is a film or a sheet. A structure in which the planar molded body is formed by lamination Ri alignment film material or sheet, the conduit will in any one side of the cemented Ri mating surface of the film material or sheet manufacturing method of the planar structure according to claim 6 to fit Ri adhered after placing the object lysate. The planar shape according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a granular composite material in which all or part of the surface of the encapsulated material is coated with a to-be-dissolved filler is added to the base material. Manufacturing method of structure. The method for producing a planar structure according to claim 8 , wherein the material to be dissolved is removed by water or an enzyme.

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