JP5230291B2 - Portable radiographic image converter - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a portable radiographic image conversion apparatus.

  In recent years, an FPD (Flat Panel Detector) has been put into practical use in which a radiation sensitive layer is arranged on a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) active matrix substrate and radiation can be directly converted into digital data. 2. Description of the Related Art A portable radiographic imaging device (hereinafter also referred to as “electronic cassette”) that generates image information indicating a radiographic image represented by radiation and stores the generated image information has been put into practical use.

  Because this electronic cassette has portability, it is possible to take a picture of a patient while it is placed on a stretcher or bed, and the position of the electronic cassette can be changed to adjust the shooting location. It is possible to deal with it flexibly.

  The electronic cassette is generally connected to a control terminal (so-called console) via a communication cable because of limitations on power supply or data transfer. For this reason, the electronic cassette is provided with a connection terminal for attaching and detaching a communication cable. When the radiographic image is captured, the connection terminal is connected to the communication cable, and image information generated by the imaging is transmitted to the console via the communication cable.

  By the way, when the communication cable is made detachable, disconnection of the cable becomes a problem. In particular, since the electronic cassette is moved to adjust the shooting position when shooting with the communication cable connected, cable disconnection is likely to occur.

As a technique for coping with the disconnection of the cable, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for prohibiting photographing when the communication cable is disconnected.
JP 2007-44068 A

  By the way, in the electronic cassette, when the communication cable is detachable, once the cable is disconnected, the connection state between the connection terminal and the communication cable may become unstable, and the cable may be easily disconnected. In such a case, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem that radiography is not smoothly performed because radiography is prohibited due to disconnection of the cable.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a portable radiographic image conversion apparatus capable of capturing radiographic images smoothly.

In order to achieve the above object, a portable radiographic image conversion device according to the present invention includes an electronic circuit that generates image information indicating a radiographic image corresponding to a radiation dose irradiated from the outside, and a detachable connection connected to the external device. a connection terminal for connecting a communication cable capable, and communication means for communicating with the external apparatus via the detachable communications cable, a storage means for storing said image information, said by the electronic circuit for each image information Ru are generated, the receive test data to a predetermined external device, the communication quality by comparing the test data stored in advance with the test data transmitted by the external device detecting, based on the communication quality, judging means for judging whether or not the connection status between the connecting terminal and the detachable communication cable is abnormal, the determination means determines When it is determined that the connection status is not abnormal, the generated image information is transmitted by the communication unit, and when the determination unit determines that the connection status is abnormal, the generated information is generated. And control means for storing image information in the storage means.

According to the portable radiographic image conversion apparatus according to the present invention, the determination means, for each image information by the electronic circuit Ru is generated, receives test data which is determined in advance from the external device, which is transmitted by the external device The communication quality is detected by comparing the inspection data and the inspection data stored in advance, and based on the communication quality, it is determined whether or not the connection status between the connection terminal and the removable communication cable is abnormal. When the control means determines that the connection status is not abnormal by the determination means, the generated image information is transmitted by the communication means, and generated when the determination means determines that the connection status is abnormal. The stored image information is stored in the storage means.

As described above, when the connection state between the connection terminal and the detachable communication cable is abnormal, it is possible to smoothly store the image information indicating the generated radiation image in the storage unit without interrupting the imaging. A radiographic image can be taken.

The determination means according to the present invention receives inspection data from an external device each time image information is generated by an electronic circuit, and compares inspection data transmitted by the external device with inspection data stored in advance. The bit error rate is detected, and based on the bit error rate and a predetermined threshold value, it can be determined whether or not the connection status between the connection terminal and the detachable communication cable is abnormal.

The determination means according to the present invention transmits instruction information for instructing transmission of inspection data to an external device each time image information is generated by an electronic circuit, receives inspection data from the external device, and Comparing the transmitted inspection data with previously stored inspection data to detect the communication quality, and based on the communication quality, whether or not the connection status between the connection terminal and the removable communication cable is abnormal Can be determined.

  The storage means can be constituted by a volatile memory or a nonvolatile memory.

According to the portable radiographic image conversion apparatus according to the present invention, when the connection state between the connection terminal and the detachable communication cable is abnormal, the image information indicating the generated radiographic image is obtained without interrupting imaging. By storing in the storage means, an effect that a radiographic image can be smoothly taken is obtained.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

  First, the configuration of the radiation information system 10 according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing each component of a radiation information system 10 (hereinafter also referred to as “RIS10” (Radiology Information System)) according to the first embodiment.

  The RIS 10 is a system for managing information such as medical appointment reservations and diagnostic records in the radiology department, and constitutes a part of a hospital information system (HIS).

  The RIS 10 includes a plurality of imaging request input terminals 12 (hereinafter also referred to as “input terminals 12”), a RIS server 14, and a plurality of radiographic imaging systems 18 (hereinafter also referred to as “imaging systems 18”). It is comprised including.

  The RIS server 14 manages the entire RIS 10 and is configured to be capable of mutual communication with each input terminal 12 and the imaging system 18 via a LAN (Local Area Network) cable 20 or a wireless LAN 22. The RIS server 14 is connected to a HIS server 24 that manages the entire HIS.

  The input terminal 12 is used by a doctor 26 (see FIG. 2) and a radiographer to input and view diagnostic information and facility reservations. A radiographic imaging request (imaging reservation) is also received from the input terminal 12. Made. Each input terminal 12 is composed of a personal computer with a display device, and is connected to the RIS server 14 via a LAN to enable mutual communication.

  The RIS server 14 receives an imaging request from each input terminal 12 and manages a radiographic imaging schedule in the imaging system 18 and includes a database 28.

  The database 28 includes information on the patient 30 such as attribute information (name, sex, date of birth, age, blood, patient ID, etc.), medical history, medical history, radiation images taken in the past, and the like of the patient 30 (see FIG. 2). And information relating to the electronic cassette 32 such as the identification number, model, size, sensitivity, usable imaging part (content of imaging request that can be supported), start date of use, number of uses, etc. It is comprised including.

  The imaging system 18 captures a radiographic image by an operation of a doctor 26 or a radiographer in response to an instruction from the RIS server 14. The imaging system 18 includes an imaging device 34 that irradiates a subject with radiation X having a radiation dose according to imaging conditions, and a radiation detector 60 that detects the radiation X transmitted through the patient 30 and converts the radiation X into radiation image information (FIG. 3). The electronic cassette 32 having a built-in structure, a display device 36 for displaying a radiation image based on the radiation X detected by the radiation detector 60, a cradle 40 for charging a battery built in the electronic cassette 32, and an electronic device. A cassette 32, a photographing device 34, a display device 36, and a console 42 for controlling the cradle 40.

  FIG. 2 shows a state in which the imaging system 18 is installed in an operating room 44 as an imaging room as an example of a state in which the imaging system 18 according to the present embodiment is arranged. In the imaging system 18 according to the present embodiment, each of the electronic cassette 32, the imaging device 34, and the display device 36 and the console 42 are connected by a cable and various information is transmitted and received by wired communication. The cables that connect the devices are omitted.

  In the operating room 44 of FIG. 2, in addition to the imaging system 18, an operating table 46 on which the patient 30 lies is disposed, and an instrument table 48 on which various instruments used by the doctor 26 for surgery are placed. It is arranged on the side. Various devices necessary for the operation such as an anesthesia machine, an aspirator, an electrocardiograph, a sphygmomanometer, and the like are arranged around the operating table 46 (these devices are omitted in FIG. 2). .

  The imaging device 34 is connected to the free arm 52 and can be moved to a desired position according to the imaging region of the patient 30 and can be retracted to a position that does not interfere with the operation by the doctor 26. Similarly, the display device 36 is connected to the free arm 52 and can be moved to a position where the doctor 26 can easily check the captured radiographic image.

  The cradle 40 is formed with a housing portion 40 </ b> A capable of housing the electronic cassette 32.

  The electronic cassette 32 is accommodated in the accommodating portion 40A of the cradle 40 during standby, and the built-in battery is charged. When the radiographic image is captured, the electronic cassette 32 is removed from the cradle 40, and a communication cable is connected to the imaging region of the patient 30. Be placed.

  The electronic cassette 32 is not limited to being used in the operating room 44, and can be applied to, for example, medical examinations and rounds in hospitals.

  FIG. 3 shows an internal configuration of the electronic cassette 32 according to the first exemplary embodiment. The electronic cassette 32 includes a housing 54 made of a material that transmits the radiation X, and has a waterproof and airtight structure. When the electronic cassette 32 is used in the operating room 44 or the like, there is a risk that blood or other germs may adhere. Therefore, one electronic cassette 32 can be used repeatedly by making the electronic cassette 32 have a waterproof and airtight structure and sterilizing and cleaning as necessary. A connection terminal 32 </ b> A for connecting a communication cable is provided on a side surface of the housing 54. Inside the housing 54, a grid 58 for removing scattered radiation of the radiation X by the patient 30 from the irradiation surface 56 side of the housing 54 irradiated with the radiation X, and radiation detection for detecting the radiation X transmitted through the patient 30. A vessel 60 and a lead plate 62 that absorbs backscattered radiation X are disposed in sequence. Note that the irradiation surface 56 of the housing 54 may be configured as a grid 58.

  A case 31 that houses various circuits including a microcomputer and a rechargeable secondary battery is disposed at one end of the housing 54. The radiation detector 60 and various circuits are operated by electric power supplied from a secondary battery disposed in the case 31. In order to avoid various circuits housed in the case 31 from being damaged by the radiation X irradiation, it is desirable to arrange a lead plate or the like on the irradiation surface 22 side of the case 31.

  FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of the radiation image capturing system 18 according to the present embodiment.

  The imaging device 34 is provided with a connection terminal 34 </ b> A for communicating with the console 42. The console 42 is provided with a connection terminal 42A for communicating with the photographing device 34, a connection terminal 42B for communicating with the electronic cassette 32, and a connection terminal 42C for outputting an image signal to the display device 36. Yes.

  The photographing device 34 is connected to the console 42 via the communication cable 35, and the display device 36 is connected to the console 42 via the display cable 37. The electronic cassette 32 has a communication cable 43 connected to the connection terminal 32 </ b> A and is connected to the console 42 via the communication cable 43 when a radiographic image is taken. In the present embodiment, an optical communication cable using an optical fiber is used as the communication cable 43 in order to transfer data between the electronic cassette 32 and the console 42 at high speed. And the console 42 are transferring data.

  The radiation detector 60 built in the electronic cassette 32 is configured by laminating a photoelectric conversion layer that absorbs the radiation X and converts it into charges on a TFT active matrix substrate 66. The photoelectric conversion layer is made of amorphous a-Se (amorphous selenium) containing, for example, selenium as a main component (for example, a content rate of 50% or more), and when irradiated with radiation X, a charge corresponding to the amount of irradiated radiation. By generating a certain amount of charge (electron-hole pairs) internally, the irradiated radiation X is converted into a charge. The radiation detector 60 uses a phosphor material and a photoelectric conversion element (photodiode) instead of the radiation-charge conversion material that directly converts the radiation X such as amorphous selenium into electric charges. You may convert into an electric charge indirectly. As phosphor materials, gadolinium sulfate (GOS) and cesium iodide (CsI) are well known. In this case, radiation X-light conversion is performed by a fluorescent material, and light-charge conversion is performed by a photodiode of a photoelectric conversion element.

  Further, on the TFT active matrix substrate 66, a pixel portion 74 (FIG. 4) provided with a storage capacitor 68 for storing the charge generated in the photoelectric conversion layer and a TFT 70 for reading out the charge stored in the storage capacitor 68. Here, a large number of photoelectric conversion layers corresponding to the individual pixel portions 74 are schematically shown as photoelectric conversion portions 72) in a matrix. Charges generated in the photoelectric conversion layer as the electronic cassette 32 is irradiated with the radiation X are stored in the storage capacitors 68 of the individual pixel portions 74. As a result, the image information carried on the radiation X irradiated to the electronic cassette 32 is converted into charge information and held in the radiation detector 60.

  The TFT active matrix substrate 66 extends in a certain direction (row direction), and has a plurality of gate lines 76 for turning on and off the TFTs 70 of the individual pixel portions 74, and a direction orthogonal to the gate lines 76. A plurality of data wirings 78 extending in the (column direction) and for reading out stored charges from the storage capacitor 68 via the turned-on TFTs 70 are provided. Individual gate lines 76 are connected to a gate line driver 80, and individual data lines 78 are connected to a signal processing unit 82. When charges are accumulated in the storage capacitors 68 of the individual pixel portions 74, the TFTs 70 of the individual pixel portions 74 are sequentially turned on in units of rows by a signal supplied from the gate line driver 80 via the gate wiring 76. The charge stored in the storage capacitor 68 of the pixel unit 74 for which is turned on is transmitted as a charge signal through the data wiring 78 and input to the signal processing unit 82. Accordingly, the charges accumulated in the storage capacitors 68 of the individual pixel portions 74 are sequentially read out in units of rows.

  FIG. 5 shows an equivalent circuit diagram focusing on one pixel portion of the radiation detector 60 according to the present exemplary embodiment.

  As shown in the figure, the source of the TFT 70 is connected to a data line 78, and the data line 78 is connected to a signal processing unit 82. The drain of the TFT 70 is connected to the storage capacitor 68 and the photoelectric conversion unit 72, and the gate of the TFT 70 is connected to the gate wiring 76.

  The signal processing unit 82 includes a sample hold circuit 84 for each individual data wiring 78. The charge signal transmitted through each data wiring 78 is held in the sample hold circuit 84. The sample hold circuit 84 includes an operational amplifier 84A and a capacitor 84B, and converts the charge signal into an analog voltage. Further, the sample hold circuit 84 is provided with a switch 84C as a reset circuit that, when turned on, causes both electrodes of the capacitor 84B to be short-circuited to discharge the charge accumulated in the capacitor 84B.

  A multiplexer 86 and an A / D converter 88 are sequentially connected to the output side of the sample hold circuit 84, and the charge signals held in the individual sample hold circuits 84 are converted into analog voltages and sequentially supplied to the multiplexer 86. It is input (serially) and converted into digital image information by an A / D converter 88.

  A frame memory 90 is connected to the signal processing unit 82 (see FIG. 4), and image information output from the A / D converter 88 of the signal processing unit 82 is sequentially stored in the frame memory 90. The frame memory 90 has a storage capacity capable of storing image information indicating a radiation image for one frame, and the read image information for one line is framed each time the charge is read line by line. The data are sequentially stored in the memory 90.

  The radiation detector 60, the gate line driver 80, the signal processing unit 82, and the frame memory 90 according to the present embodiment correspond to the electronic circuit of the present invention.

  The frame memory 90 is connected to a cassette control unit 92 that controls the operation of the entire electronic cassette 32. The cassette control unit 92 is realized by a microcomputer, and an optical communication control unit 94 is connected thereto. The optical communication control unit 94 is connected to the connection terminal 32A, and controls transmission of various types of information to and from an external device connected via the connection terminal 32A. The cassette control unit 92 can transmit and receive various types of information to and from an external device via the optical communication control unit 94. The cassette control unit 92 stores later-described shooting control information received from an external device, and starts reading out charges based on the information.

  In addition, a nonvolatile memory 93 is connected to the cassette control unit 92. The non-volatile memory 93 has a storage capacity capable of storing image information indicating a radiation image for a plurality of frames, and the image information for one frame stored in the frame memory 90 is read to the cassette control unit 92. Is stored in the non-volatile memory 93. The non-volatile memory 93 is composed of, for example, a flash memory, HDD, SSD, memory card, or the like.

  The electronic cassette 32 is provided with a power supply unit 96, which functions as the above-described various circuits and elements (gate line driver 80, signal processing unit 82, frame memory 90, optical communication control unit 94, and cassette control unit 92). The microcomputer is activated by the electric power supplied from the power supply unit 96. The power supply unit 96 incorporates a battery (a rechargeable secondary battery) so as not to impair the portability of the electronic cassette 32, and supplies power from the charged battery to various circuits and elements.

  On the other hand, the console 42 is configured as a server computer, and includes a display 100 that displays an operation menu, captured radiographic images, and the like, and a plurality of keys, and inputs various information and operation instructions. An operation panel 102.

  The console 42 according to the present embodiment includes a CPU 104 that controls the operation of the entire apparatus, a ROM 106 that stores various programs including a control program in advance, a RAM 108 that temporarily stores various data, and various data. HDD 110 that stores and holds, display driver 112 that controls display of various types of information on display 100, operation input detection unit 114 that detects an operation state of operation panel 102, and connection terminal 42A, and is connected to connection terminal 42A. And a communication interface (I / F) unit 116 for transmitting and receiving various information such as an exposure condition (to be described later) and state information of the imaging device 34 to and from the imaging device 34 via the communication cable 35 and a connection terminal 42B. To the electronic cassette 32 through the connection terminal 42B and the communication cable 43. An optical communication control unit 118 that transmits and receives various types of information such as control information and image information, and an image signal that is connected to the connection terminal 42C and outputs an image signal to the display device 36 via the connection terminal 42C and the display cable 37. And an output unit 120.

  The CPU 104, ROM 106, RAM 108, HDD 110, display driver 112, operation input detection unit 114, communication I / F unit 116, optical communication control unit 118, and image signal output unit 120 are connected to each other via a system bus BUS. Yes. Therefore, the CPU 104 can access the ROM 106, RAM 108, and HDD 110, controls the display of various types of information on the display 100 via the display driver 112, and the imaging device 34 via the communication I / F unit 116. Control of transmission / reception of various types of information, control of transmission / reception of various types of information to / from the electronic cassette 32 via the optical communication control unit 118, and control of images displayed on the display device 36 via the image signal output unit 120. be able to. Further, the CPU 104 can grasp the operation state of the user with respect to the operation panel 102 via the operation input detection unit 114.

  On the other hand, the imaging device 34 has received the communication I / F unit 132 that transmits and receives various types of information such as the exposure conditions and the status information of the imaging device 34 between the radiation source 130 that outputs the radiation X and the console 42. And a radiation source control unit 134 that controls the radiation source 130 based on the exposure conditions. The radiation source controller 134 is also realized by a microcomputer, stores the received exposure conditions, and irradiates the radiation X from the radiation source 130 based on the stored exposure conditions.

  The display device 36 includes a display unit 36A that displays an image indicated by the received image signal.

  Next, the overall operation of the RIS 10 according to the first embodiment will be briefly described.

  The input terminal 12 (see FIG. 1) accepts an imaging request from the doctor 26 or a radiologist. In the imaging request, the date and time of imaging by the electronic cassette 32 and the imaging conditions (imaging site, angle and number, tube voltage for irradiating the radiation X, tube current, irradiation time, size and sensitivity of the electronic cassette 32, etc. ) Is specified.

  The input terminal 12 notifies the RIS server 14 of the contents of the accepted imaging request. The RIS server 14 stores the contents of the imaging request notified from the input terminal 12 in the database 28.

  The console 42 accesses the RIS server 14 to acquire the content of the imaging request from the RIS server 14 and displays the content of the imaging request on the display 100 (see FIGS. 2 and 4).

  Based on the content of the imaging request displayed on the display 100 by the doctor 26 or the radiographer, imaging of the radiographic image is started.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 2, when taking a radiographic image of the affected part of the patient 30 lying on the operating table 46, the doctor 26 and the radiographer can use the operating table 46 and the patient 30 depending on the part to be imaged and the angle. The electronic cassette 32 is disposed between the affected area and the imaging device 34 is disposed above the affected area. Further, the doctor 26 and the radiographer set exposure conditions such as a tube voltage, a tube current, and an irradiation time when the operation panel 102 of the console 42 is irradiated with the radiation X according to the imaging region and imaging conditions of the patient 30. Perform the specified exposure condition specification operation. When the preparation of exposure of the imaging apparatus 34 is completed, the doctor 26 and the radiographer perform an imaging instruction operation for instructing imaging on the operation panel 102 of the console 42.

  Next, the operation of the imaging system 18 according to the first embodiment will be described in detail. FIG. 6 shows a timing chart showing the flow of operations when radiographic images are captured by the imaging system 18.

  The electronic cassette 32 is in a non-operating state (NOP state) in which the operation mode is the initial state when the power is turned on (started up), and an instruction received from the console 42 via the communication cable 43 Operates based on information.

  By the way, the radiation detector 60 (see FIG. 4) in which the electronic cassette 32 is built-up is stored by dark current or the like even when the electronic cassette 32 is turned on even when the radiation X is not irradiated. Charge is accumulated in the capacitor 68. Therefore, the cassette control unit 92 outputs an instruction signal for instructing the signal processing unit 82 to reset when the operation mode is a non-operation state. When an instruction signal for instructing reset is input, the signal processing unit 82 turns on the switch 84C (see FIG. 5) to short-circuit both electrodes of the capacitor 84B. In this way, by short-circuiting both electrodes of the capacitor 84B, the charge unnecessarily accumulated in the capacitor 84B is released.

  When the electronic cassette 32 is connected to the communication cable 43, the console 42 transmits instruction information C <b> 1 instructing operation in the reset mode to the electronic cassette 32 via the communication cable 43.

  When the cassette control unit 92 receives the instruction information C1 instructing the operation in the reset mode, the cassette control unit 92 shifts the operation mode to the reset mode, controls the gate line driver 80, and sequentially controls each gate wiring line by line from the gate line driver 80. An ON signal is output to 76, and the TFTs 36 connected to the gate wirings 76 are sequentially turned on line by line. As a result, the charges accumulated in each storage capacitor 68 in order line by line flow out to each data wiring 78 as a charge signal. While the operation mode is the reset mode, the cassette control unit 92 repeats the reset operation for outputting the ON signal to each gate line 76 in order line by line and resetting the charge accumulated in each storage capacitor 68 for one frame.

  When an exposure condition designation operation is performed on the operation panel 102, the console 42 transmits the exposure condition information C2 such as the tube voltage, the tube current, and the irradiation time designated by the exposure condition designation operation, and the communication cable 35. To the imaging device 34. In addition, the console 42 transmits to the electronic cassette 32 via the communication cable 43 imaging control information C3 such as an accumulation time during which charges are accumulated in the accumulation capacitors 68 of the radiation detector 60 at the time of radiographic imaging.

  When the power is turned on and a predetermined initial activation operation is completed, the photographing device 34 is in a sleep state and stands by. When receiving the exposure condition information C2, the imaging device 34 stores the received exposure condition information and shifts the operation state to the drive state. When the operation state returns to the driving state, the imaging device 34 transmits information C4 indicating completion of imaging preparation to the console 42 via the communication cable 35.

  When receiving the shooting control information C3, the cassette control unit 92 of the electronic cassette 32 stores the received shooting control information.

  When the console 42 receives the information C4 indicating that shooting preparation is complete, the console 42 displays on the display 100 that shooting preparation has been completed, and enables the shooting instruction operation to instruct shooting on the operation panel 102. In the photographing system 18 according to the present embodiment, the photographing instruction operation on the operation panel 102 is a two-stage operation, and the second-stage photographing instruction operation is performed on the operation panel 102 after the first-stage photographing instruction operation. Radiographic images are taken. This two-stage shooting instruction operation may be, for example, pressing two buttons on the operation panel 102 in order, or may be half-pressing or fully-pressing one button, for example.

  When the first-step photographing instruction operation is performed on the operation panel 102, the console 42 transmits instruction information C5 instructing preparation for exposure to the photographing apparatus 34 via the communication cable 35.

  When receiving the instruction information C5 instructing preparation for exposure, the imaging apparatus 34 is in a standby state of the radiation source 130 so that exposure is performed with the tube voltage and tube current indicated by the exposure condition information stored immediately before. I do. When the standby of the radiation source 130 is completed, the imaging apparatus 34 transmits information C6 indicating the completion of standby to the console 42 via the communication cable 35.

  When the console 42 receives the information C6 indicating the completion of standby, the second-stage shooting instruction operation can be performed. When the second-stage shooting instruction operation is performed on the operation panel 102, the console 42 transmits instruction information C7 requesting shooting to the electronic cassette 32 via the communication cable 43.

  When the cassette control unit 92 receives the instruction information C7 requesting shooting, the cassette control unit 92 performs a reset operation until the reset operation for one frame is completed, and after completing the reset operation for one frame, the instruction information C8 that instructs to start shooting. Is transmitted to the console 42 via the communication cable 35, and the operation mode is shifted to the photographing mode.

  When the console 42 receives the instruction information C8 instructing the start of imaging, the console 42 transmits instruction information C9 instructing the exposure to the imaging device 34 via the communication cable 43.

  When receiving the instruction information C9 instructing the exposure, the imaging apparatus 34 causes the radiation source 130 to irradiate the radiation X for the irradiation time indicated by the exposure condition information stored immediately before.

  The radiation X irradiated from the radiation source 130 reaches the electronic cassette 32 after passing through the patient 30. Thereby, charges corresponding to the dose of the irradiated radiation X are stored in the storage capacitors 68 of the respective pixel portions 74 of the radiation detector 60 built in the electronic cassette 32.

  After transmitting the instruction information C8 instructing to start photographing, the cassette control unit 92 waits for the accumulation time determined by the photographing control information stored immediately before, and then controls the gate line driver 80 to control the gate line driver 80. An ON signal is output to each gate line 76 in order line by line, and each TFT 36 connected to each gate line 76 is sequentially turned ON line by line. As a result, the charges accumulated in each storage capacitor 68 in order line by line flow out to each data wiring 78 as a charge signal. The charge signal flowing out to each data line 78 is input to each sample hold circuit 84 and converted into an analog voltage signal, and the converted analog voltage signal is sequentially input to the multiplexer 86 (serially), and an A / D converter. 88 is converted into digital image information and stored in the frame memory 90.

  When the image information for one frame is stored in the frame memory 90, the cassette control unit 92 executes a program for realizing the image information transfer processing routine shown in FIG.

  First, in step 150, the connection status between the connection terminal 32A and the communication cable 43 is detected by executing a connection status detection processing routine described later. In step 152, based on the connection status detected in step 150, it is determined whether or not the communication cable 43 is disconnected from the connection terminal 32A. If it is determined that the communication cable 43 is disconnected from the connection terminal 32A, in step 154, the image information for one frame stored in the frame memory 90 is read out and stored in the non-volatile memory 93. The information transfer processing routine is terminated.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step 152 that the communication cable 43 is not disconnected from the connection terminal 32A, in step 156, the image information for one frame stored in the frame memory 90 is converted into serial data. Transmission to the console 42 via the communication cable 43 ends the image information transfer processing routine.

  When the transfer of the image information for one frame is completed by the image information transfer processing routine, the cassette control unit 92 shifts to the reset mode. Here, it is assumed that continuous shooting is not performed, and the mode is shifted to the reset mode, but continuous shooting may be performed.

  By the way, when the communication cable is made detachable as in this embodiment, once the cable is easily disconnected, the connection state between the connection terminal and the communication cable may become unstable, and the cable may be easily disconnected. .

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the bit error rate (BER) is detected as information indicating the connection status between the connection terminal 32A and the communication cable 43. This bit error rate is the probability that the received data contains bits different from the transmitted data when digital data is transmitted and received.

  In the present embodiment, the same inspection data set in advance is stored in the cassette control unit 92 of the electronic cassette 32 and the ROM 106 of the console 42, and the cassette control unit 92 of the electronic cassette 32 is used when image information is transmitted and received. The bit error rate is detected by executing a program that realizes the connection status detection processing routine shown in FIG. 8 while executing the image information transfer processing routine.

  First, in step 160, instruction information for instructing transmission of predetermined inspection data is transmitted to the console 42 via the communication cable 43.

  When the console 42 receives the instruction information for instructing the transmission of the inspection data, the console 42 transmits the inspection data to the electronic cassette 32 via the communication cable 43.

  In the next step 162, reception of inspection data is waited. In the next step 164, the received inspection data is compared with the inspection data stored in advance, and an error bit is specified. By obtaining the ratio of the number of error bits to the number of bits of data, the bit error rate is detected as information indicating the connection status, and the connection status detection processing routine is terminated.

  In step 152 of the image information transfer processing routine, if the bit error rate detected in step 166 is greater than or equal to the threshold value, it is determined that the communication cable 43 is disconnected from the connection terminal 32A, and the bit error rate is less than the threshold value. If so, it is determined that the communication cable 43 is not disconnected from the connection terminal 32A.

  If the communication cable 43 is disconnected from the connection terminal 32A of the electronic cassette 32, the communication cable 43 is reconnected to the connection terminal 32A by the doctor 26 or a radiographer after the end of imaging. At this time, since image information is stored in the nonvolatile memory 93 of the electronic cassette 32, an image information transfer request signal for one frame is transmitted from the console 42 to the electronic cassette 32 via the communication cable 43.

  Each time the cassette control unit 92 receives an image information transfer request signal, the cassette control unit 92 converts the image information for one frame stored in the nonvolatile memory 93 into serial data and transmits the serial data to the console 42 via the communication cable 43. When the cassette control unit 92 transmits all the image information stored in the nonvolatile memory 93, the cassette control unit 92 transmits the transfer completion information indicating the completion of the transfer of the image information last, and when the console 42 receives the transfer completion information, Stops transmission of the image information transfer request signal.

  Upon receiving image information for one frame, the console 42 performs predetermined image processing on the image information for one frame, and stores the image information after image processing in the HDD 110 in a state associated with the patient information of the patient 30. Remember. Further, the console 42 outputs an image signal indicating a radiographic image after image processing to the display device 36 and causes the display unit 36A of the display device 36 to display the image signal. The doctor 26 performs the operation while confirming the radiation image displayed on the display unit 36A.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, shooting is interrupted even if it is determined that the communication cable is disconnected from the connection terminal based on the bit error rate in communication with the console. Without storing the image information indicating the generated radiographic image in the nonvolatile memory, the radiographic image can be captured smoothly.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the bit error rate is detected as information indicating the connection status between the connection terminal 32A and the communication cable 43 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Any information may be detected as long as it indicates the communication quality. For example, the number of retransmission requests when transmitting data may be detected as information indicating communication quality. The number of retransmission requests tends to increase as the connection state between the connection terminal 32A and the communication cable 43 deteriorates. For this reason, the number of retransmission requests can be used to determine the connection status between the connection terminal 32 </ b> A and the communication cable 43.

  Next, a second embodiment will be described. In addition, about the part which becomes the structure similar to 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The second embodiment is mainly different from the first embodiment in that the resistance value of the shield wire of the communication cable is measured to determine the connection status between the connection terminal and the communication cable. .

  When the communication cable 43 has a shield line for protecting the transmission line through which data is transmitted from noise, damage, etc., the resistance value of the shield line increases as the connection state between the connection terminal 32A and the communication cable 43 deteriorates. Tend to.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the resistance value of the shield wire is obtained as information indicating the connection status between the connection terminal 32A and the communication cable 43, and the connection status between the connection terminal 32A and the communication cable 43 is determined.

  FIG. 9 shows an example of a measurement circuit that measures the resistance value of the shield wire 43 </ b> C of the communication cable 43. In the case of the communication cable 43 that performs optical communication, the shield wire 43C can be regarded as a single wire. Therefore, one end of the shield wire 43C is connected to the ground wiring on the console 42 side, and the other end of the shield wire 43C is connected to the wiring 250 on the electronic cassette 32 side. Further, in the electronic cassette 32, a current is passed through the wiring 250, and the voltage level of the wiring 250 is converted into digital data by the A / D converter 252 and output to the cassette control unit 92. In this measurement circuit, when the resistance value of the shield line 43C increases, the voltage level of the wiring 250 also increases. Therefore, the cassette control unit 92 can determine the resistance value of the shield wire 43 </ b> C by detecting the voltage level of the wiring 250.

  The cassette control unit 92 determines whether or not the obtained resistance value of the shield wire 43C is equal to or greater than a threshold value, and when the obtained resistance value of the shield wire 43C is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the cassette terminal 92A communicates with the communication cable. It is determined that 43 is off. On the other hand, the cassette control unit 92 determines that the communication cable 43 is not disconnected from the connection terminal 32A when the obtained resistance value of the shield wire 43C is less than the threshold value.

  In addition, about the other structure and effect | action of the radiation information system which concern on 2nd Embodiment, since it is the same as that of 1st Embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  Thus, even if it is determined that the communication cable is disconnected from the connection terminal based on the resistance value of the shield wire of the communication cable connected to the electronic cassette, the image is generated without interruption. By storing image information indicating the obtained radiation image in the nonvolatile memory, the radiation image can be captured smoothly.

  In the above embodiment, the communication cable 43 may be a twisted pair wire. In this case, as shown in FIG. 10, the shielded wire 43C is also provided as a twisted pair wire, and one end side of the shielded wire 43C of the pair is connected to form a closed circuit. The resistance value of the shield wire 43C may be detected at a time. In addition, when the communication cable 43 includes one shield line 43C and one signal line, for example, a switch that connects the signal line and the shield line is provided on one end side, and the switch is used while measuring the resistance value. Is turned on to connect the signal line and shield line at one end to form a closed circuit, and when transmitting data on the signal line, the signal line and shield line are disconnected by turning off the switch. That's fine.

  Next, a third embodiment will be described. In addition, about the part which becomes the structure similar to 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In 3rd Embodiment, the point which has provided the mechanical switch in the connection part of the connection terminal of an electronic cassette, and determined the connection condition of a connection terminal and a communication cable based on on / off of a mechanical switch is 1st. This is mainly different from the embodiment.

  In the electronic cassette 32 according to the third embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, a mechanical switch 356 is provided at a connection portion between the connection terminal 32A and the terminal 43B of the communication cable 43, and the mechanical switch On / off of 356 is output to the cassette control unit 92.

  The cassette control unit 92 determines the connection status between the connection terminal 32 </ b> A and the communication cable 43 based on the input ON / OFF of the mechanical switch 356. As shown in FIG. 11A, when the mechanical switch 356 is off, it is determined that the communication cable 43 is disconnected from the connection terminal 32A, and as shown in FIG. When it is ON, it is determined that the communication cable 43 is not disconnected from the connection terminal 32A.

  The pressing amount of the mechanical switch 356 (insertion amount of the communication cable 43) tends to decrease when the connection state between the connection terminal 32A and the communication cable 43 deteriorates. Therefore, a circuit for detecting on / off of the mechanical switch 356 may be configured as shown in FIG. For example, a resistor 358 is provided in the connection terminal 32A so that the insertion direction of the communication cable 43 is the same as the current direction, and the voltage detection position of the resistor 358 changes according to the amount of insertion of the communication cable 43. The detected analog voltage signal may be output to the cassette control unit 92 via the A / D converter 252. The cassette control unit 92 may obtain the insertion amount of the communication cable 43 based on the input signal and obtain the on / off state of the mechanical switch 356.

  In addition, about the other structure and effect | action of the radiation information system which concern on 3rd Embodiment, since it is the same as that of 1st Embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  Thus, even when it is determined that the communication cable is disconnected from the connection terminal based on the on / off state of the mechanical switch provided on the connection terminal of the electronic cassette, the image is generated without interruption. By storing image information indicating a radiation image in a nonvolatile memory, the radiation image can be captured smoothly.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the mechanical switch is provided in the connection portion of the connection terminal has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the communication cable is connected to the connection terminal. A mechanical switch may be provided in the position.

  Alternatively, after connecting the connection terminal 32A and the communication cable 43, the presence or absence of chattering of the mechanical switch 356 may be detected to determine the connection state between the connection terminal 32A and the communication cable 43.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, a mechanical switch 362 that vibrates in accordance with the amount of insertion of the communication cable 43 may be provided at the connection terminal. 12A shows the state of the mechanical switch 362 when the communication cable 43 is not connected to the connection terminal 32A, and FIG. 12B shows the case where the communication cable 43 is connected to the connection terminal 32A. The state of the mechanical switch 362 is shown. Based on the state of the mechanical switch 362, the connection status between the connection terminal 32A and the communication cable 43 may be determined.

  Next, a fourth embodiment will be described. In addition, about the part which becomes the structure similar to 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the fourth embodiment, the electronic cassette is provided with a holding member for holding the connected communication cable, and the connection status between the connection terminal and the communication cable based on on / off of the mechanical switch provided on the holding member This is mainly different from the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 13, on the side surface of the electronic cassette 32 according to the fourth embodiment and in the vicinity of the connection terminal 32A, the communication cable 43 connected to the connection terminal 32A is held. A holding member 458 is provided. The holding member 458 is provided with a mechanical switch (not shown) inside, and outputs on / off of the mechanical switch to the cassette control unit 92.

  The cassette control unit 92 determines the connection status between the connection terminal 32 </ b> A and the communication cable 43 based on the ON / OFF state of the mechanical switch of the holding member 458. When the mechanical switch of the holding member 458 is off, it is determined that the communication cable 43 is not held by the holding member 458, and thus it is determined that the communication cable 43 is disconnected from the connection terminal 32A. On the other hand, when the mechanical switch of the holding member 458 is on, it is determined that the communication cable 43 is held by the holding member 458, and therefore it is determined that the communication cable 43 is not disconnected from the connection terminal 32A.

  In addition, about the other structure and effect | action of the radiation information system which concern on 4th Embodiment, since it is the same as that of 1st Embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  Thus, even if it is determined that the communication cable is disconnected from the connection terminal based on the on / off of the mechanical switch provided in the holding member for holding the connected communication cable in the electronic cassette, By storing the image information indicating the generated radiation image in the nonvolatile memory without interrupting the imaging, the radiation image can be captured smoothly.

  Next, a fifth embodiment will be described. In addition, about the part which becomes the structure similar to 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the fifth embodiment, an optical sensor is provided at the connection portion of the connection terminal of the electronic cassette, and the connection status between the connection terminal and the communication cable is determined based on the detection result of the optical sensor. This is mainly different from the embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 14A, the connection terminal 32A of the electronic cassette 32 according to the fifth embodiment is provided with a reflective sensor 566 as an optical sensor at the connection portion with the terminal 43B of the communication cable 43. It has been. The sensor 566 emits light from the light emitting unit 567 in the direction in which the terminal 43B of the communication cable 43 to be connected is located, and the light receiving unit 568 receives reflected light from the terminal 43B.

  In FIG. 14B, an equivalent circuit diagram of the sensor 566 is shown. The light emitting unit 567 includes a light emitting diode 567A, and the light receiving unit 568 includes a photodiode 568A. The current level or voltage level flowing through the photodiode 568A is converted into digital data by an A / D converter and output to the cassette control unit 92.

  The cassette control unit 92 calculates the insertion amount of the communication cable 43 into the connection terminal 32A based on the input digital data of the current level or voltage level, and based on the calculated insertion amount, the connection terminal 32A and the communication cable 43 is determined.

  In addition, about the other structure and effect | action of the radiation information system which concern on 5th Embodiment, since it is the same as that of 1st Embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  Thus, even if it is determined that the communication cable is disconnected from the connection terminal based on the detection result of the optical sensor provided on the connection terminal of the electronic cassette, the image is generated without interruption. By storing image information indicating the obtained radiation image in the nonvolatile memory, the radiation image can be captured smoothly.

  Next, a sixth embodiment will be described. In addition, about the part which becomes the structure similar to 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the sixth embodiment, every time imaging of image information for one frame is completed, an image information transfer request signal is transmitted from the console to the electronic cassette, and the image information transfer request signal is received by the electronic cassette. The main difference from the first embodiment is that the connection status between the connection terminal and the communication cable is determined depending on whether or not the connection is made.

  The console 42 according to the sixth embodiment transmits an image information transfer request signal to the electronic cassette 32 via the communication cable 43 every time one frame of image capturing by the electronic cassette 32 is completed.

  When the image information for one frame is stored in the frame memory 90, the cassette control unit 92 of the electronic cassette 32 according to the sixth embodiment executes a program that realizes the image information transfer processing routine shown in FIG. . Note that the same processes as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  First, in step 650, it is determined whether an image information transfer request signal is received from the console 42 via the communication cable 43. If the image information transfer request signal has not been received, it is determined in step 652 whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed since the shooting of one frame was completed. If the predetermined time has not elapsed, the process returns to step 650. However, if it is determined that the predetermined time has elapsed, the image information transfer request signal is not received via the communication cable 43, so communication is performed from the connection terminal 32A. It is determined that the cable 43 is disconnected, and in step 154, the image information for one frame stored in the frame memory 90 is read out and stored in the nonvolatile memory 93, and the image information transfer processing routine ends.

  On the other hand, when the image information transfer request signal is received via the communication cable 43 in step 650, it is determined that the communication cable 43 is not disconnected from the connection terminal 32A, and is stored in the frame memory 90 in step 156. The image information for one frame is transmitted to the console 42 via the communication cable 43, and the image information transfer processing routine is terminated.

  In addition, about the other structure and effect | action of the radiation information system which concern on 6th Embodiment, since it is the same as that of 1st Embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  Thus, in the electronic cassette, even if it is determined that the communication cable is disconnected from the connection terminal based on whether or not the image information transfer request signal is received from the console, the shooting is not interrupted. By storing image information indicating the generated radiographic image in the nonvolatile memory, the radiographic image can be captured smoothly.

  In the above embodiment, the case of determining the connection status of the communication cable based on whether or not the image information transfer request signal has been received has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The connection status of the communication cable may be determined based on whether or not another signal other than the image information transfer request signal is received. For example, the connection status of the communication cable may be determined based on whether or not a signal received from the console is received at regular intervals.

  In each of the above embodiments, the case where information indicating the connection status is detected in the electronic cassette 32 has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the console 42 detects the information on the electronic cassette 32 side. Similarly to the case, information indicating the connection status (communication quality, shield wire resistance, switch on / off, sensor detection result, etc.) may be detected, and the detection result may be transmitted to the electronic cassette 32. In this case, the electronic cassette 32 may determine whether the communication cable 43 is disconnected from the connection terminal 32A based on the detection result received from the console 42.

  Further, the case where the image information stored in the frame memory 90 is stored in the nonvolatile memory 93 has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the image information stored in the frame memory 90 is converted into volatile. You may make it memorize | store in memory.

  Moreover, although the case where various instruction information is transmitted / received via the communication cable between each of the electronic cassette and the photographing apparatus and the console has been described as an example, various instruction information is transmitted / received by wireless communication. Also good.

  Moreover, although the case where the information which shows a connection condition is detected after the completion | finish of imaging | photography of 1 frame was demonstrated to the example, it is not limited to this, Information which shows the connection condition of a connection terminal and a communication cable always. You may make it detect with a fixed period. In this case, when the shooting for one frame is completed, the connection status between the connection terminal and the communication cable may be determined using the latest detection result.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the radiation information system which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the mode of the operating room where the radiographic imaging system which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention was installed. It is a perspective view which shows the internal structure of the electronic cassette concerning the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the detailed structure of the radiographic imaging system which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is an equivalent circuit diagram paying attention to one pixel part of the radiation detector concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a timing chart which shows the flow of operation | movement at the time of imaging | photography of the radiographic image which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the content of the image information transfer process routine in the electronic cassette concerning the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the content of the connection condition detection process routine in the electronic cassette concerning the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of the measurement circuit which measures the resistance value of the shield wire incorporated in the communication cable which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of the measurement circuit which measures the resistance value of the shield wire incorporated in the communication cable which concerns on other embodiment. (A) The figure which shows the state of the mechanical switch when the communication cable is not connected to the connection terminal, (B) The figure which shows the state of the mechanical switch when the communication cable is connected to the connection terminal, and (C) Mechanical It is an equivalent circuit diagram of a switch. (A) The figure which shows the state of the vibration type mechanical switch when the communication cable is not connected to the connection terminal, and (B) the state of the vibration type mechanical switch when the communication cable is connected to the connection terminal. FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which held the communication cable which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention with the holding member provided in the electronic cassette. (A) The figure which shows the state which provided the reflection type sensor in the connection terminal, (B) The equivalent circuit schematic of a reflection type sensor. It is a flowchart which shows the content of the image information transfer process routine in the electronic cassette concerning the 6th Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

10 Radiation Information System 18 Radiographic Imaging System 32A Connection Terminal 32 Electronic Cassette 34 Imaging Device 36 Display Device 40 Display Device 40 Cradle 42 Console 43 Communication Cable 60 Radiation Detector 80 Gate Line Driver 82 Signal Processing Unit 90 Frame Memory 92 Cassette Control Unit 93 Nonvolatile Memory 94, 118 Optical communication control unit 356, 362 Mechanical switch 458 Holding member 566 Sensor

Claims (4)

An electronic circuit that generates image information indicating a radiation image according to the radiation dose irradiated from the outside;
A connection terminal for connecting a removable communication cable connected to an external device;
Communication means for communicating with the external device via the removable communication cable;
Storage means for storing the image information;
Wherein for each of the image information by the electronic circuit Ru are generated, the receive test data to a predetermined external device, comparing the test data stored in advance and sent the check data by the external device Determining the communication quality, and based on the communication quality, determining means for determining whether the connection status between the connection terminal and the detachable communication cable is abnormal,
When the determination unit determines that the connection status is not abnormal, the generated image information is transmitted by the communication unit, and when the determination unit determines that the connection status is abnormal, Control means for storing the generated image information in the storage means;
A portable radiographic image conversion apparatus. Before Symbol judging means, wherein for each of the image information by the electronic circuit Ru is produced, the receiving the inspection data from an external device, for inspection previously stored and transmitted the check data by the external device A bit error rate is detected by comparing data, and it is determined whether or not the connection status between the connection terminal and the detachable communication cable is abnormal based on the bit error rate and a predetermined threshold. The portable radiographic image conversion apparatus according to claim 1. Before Symbol judging means, wherein for each of the image information by the electronic circuit Ru is produced, transmits the instruction information for instructing transmission of the test data to the external device, receiving the test data from the external device The communication quality is detected by comparing the inspection data transmitted by the external device with the inspection data stored in advance, and the connection terminal and the detachable communication cable are connected based on the communication quality The portable radiographic image conversion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein it is determined whether or not the situation is abnormal. The portable radiographic image conversion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the storage unit is configured by a volatile memory or a nonvolatile memory.

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