JP5225955B2

JP5225955B2 - Boxing formwork and boxing hole construction method

Info

Publication number: JP5225955B2
Application number: JP2009201698A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 一矢濱水
Original assignee: 光洋商事株式会社
Priority date: 2009-09-01
Filing date: 2009-09-01
Publication date: 2013-07-03
Anticipated expiration: 2029-09-01
Also published as: JP2011052431A

Description

本発明は、トンネル等のコンクリート構造物に凹状の箱抜き穴を成形するために用いられる箱抜き型枠、及びこの箱抜き型枠を使用した箱抜き穴の施工方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a boxing mold used for forming a concave box punching hole in a concrete structure such as a tunnel, and a method for constructing a box punching hole using the box cutting mold.

コンクリート構造物であるトンネルには、例えば図１５に示すように、非常電話、通報装置、消火器具等の各種設備を設けるための凹状の箱抜き穴３１３が形成されている。この箱抜き穴３１３は、例えば覆工コンクリート３１２の打設時に予め箱抜き型枠をセットしておくことによって覆工コンクリート３１２と同時に成形されるようになっている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 In the tunnel which is a concrete structure, for example, as shown in FIG. 15, a concave box opening hole 313 for providing various facilities such as an emergency telephone, a notification device, a fire extinguisher and the like is formed. The box opening hole 313 is formed at the same time as the lining concrete 312 by, for example, setting a box form in advance when placing the lining concrete 312 (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .

また、箱抜き穴３１３を成形するために用いられる箱抜き型枠として、従来、鋼製のものや木製のものが用いられている。鋼製の箱抜き型枠は耐久性が高く、多数回の転用が可能であるが、製造コストが高く、重量物であるために運搬や設置が煩雑になるという欠点がある。これに対して木製の箱抜き型枠は、比較的安価に製造することができ、運搬や設置も容易に行うことが可能であるが、耐久性が低く、脱型時に１回きりの使用で取り壊してしまうのが一般的である。 Moreover, conventionally, the thing made from steel and a wooden thing are used as a boxing mold used for shape | molding the boxing hole 313. FIG. Steel box-opening molds are highly durable and can be used many times, but they are expensive to manufacture and have the disadvantages of being heavy and difficult to transport and install. On the other hand, wooden box-shaped formwork can be manufactured relatively inexpensively and can be easily transported and installed, but has low durability and can be used only once during demolding. It is common to destroy them.

特開２０００−１１０３４７号公報JP 2000-110347 A

ところで、トンネル内には、トンネルの延長が大きいほど、また交通量が多いほど、多種類の設備を設置することが要求され、その設置間隔も種類毎に所定に定められている。そのため、大規模のトンネルでは多くの箱抜き穴を形成する必要があり、製造コストや設置の煩雑さ等の欠点を考慮したとしても、多数回の転用が可能な鋼製の箱抜き型枠を使用することが有益である。
一方、数回程度の箱抜き型枠の転用が要求される小規模のトンネルにおいて、鋼製の箱抜き型枠を使用することはその利点よりも欠点の方が顕著となるため、専ら、木製の箱抜き型枠が使用される。この場合、箱抜き穴の数に応じて複数個の木製の箱抜き型枠を予め準備しておき、１箇所の箱抜き穴につき１個の箱抜き型枠を使用しているのが現状である。 By the way, in the tunnel, as the length of the tunnel increases and the traffic volume increases, it is required to install various types of facilities, and the installation interval is determined for each type. Therefore, it is necessary to form many boxing holes in a large-scale tunnel, and even if the drawbacks such as manufacturing cost and installation complexity are taken into consideration, a steel boxing formwork that can be diverted many times is used. It is beneficial to use.
On the other hand, in small-scale tunnels that require diversion of boxing formwork several times, the use of steel boxing formwork is more conspicuous than its advantages. Boxing formwork is used. In this case, a plurality of wooden boxing molds are prepared in advance according to the number of boxing holes, and one boxing mold is used for each boxing hole. is there.

しかし、近年においては、工事費の削減や破壊された箱抜き型枠から生じる廃棄物の削減等の要請から、木製の箱抜き型枠においても数回の転用を可能にする試みがなされつつある。転用を可能にした従来の木製の箱抜き型枠の一例を図１６に示す。
この箱抜き型枠３１０は複数個の分割型枠３２１を上下左右に並べることによって構成されており、各分割型枠３２１の間には間隔保持部材３５１が挿入されている。この間隔保持部材３５１は、箱抜き穴３１３の成形後に各分割型枠３２１間から取り外すことができるように、容易に取り壊すことができる発泡スチロールによって形成されている。 However, in recent years, attempts have been made to enable diversion several times even for wooden boxing molds due to demands for reducing construction costs and waste generated from destroyed boxing molds. . FIG. 16 shows an example of a conventional wooden box-opening form that can be diverted.
The box-shaped mold 310 is configured by arranging a plurality of divided molds 321 vertically and horizontally, and a spacing member 351 is inserted between each divided mold 321. The spacing member 351 is formed of a foamed polystyrene that can be easily broken so that it can be removed from between the divided molds 321 after the box opening hole 313 is formed.

そして、この箱抜き型枠３１０の周囲にコンクリートを打設して硬化させた後、各分割型枠３２１を脱型するには、まず、分割型枠３２１の間から発泡スチロール製の間隔保持部材３５１を取り外し、分割型枠３２１の間に隙間を形成する。そして、この隙間にバール等の工具を挿入しつつ、分割型枠３２１を隙間内で移動させることによって箱抜き穴３１３から各分割型枠３２１を取り外す。これにより、箱抜き型枠３２１自体は取り壊すことなく箱抜き穴３１３から脱型することができ、数回程度の転用であれば実用に耐え得るものであった。 Then, in order to demold each divided mold 321 after placing and hardening concrete around the box-shaped mold 310, first, a space holding member 351 made of polystyrene foam from between the divided molds 321 is used. And a gap is formed between the divided molds 321. Then, each divided mold 321 is removed from the box opening hole 313 by moving the divided mold 321 in the gap while inserting a tool such as a bar into the gap. As a result, the box-opening mold 321 itself can be removed from the box-opening hole 313 without being demolished, and can be practically used if it is diverted several times.

しかし、間隔保持部材３５１は、分割型枠３２１からの圧力がかかった状態で分割型枠３２１間から引き抜かなければならないので取り外しが非常に困難であり、この引き抜きの途中で間隔保持部材３５１が引きちぎられてしまうので、一層取り外しが困難となっていた。そのため、脱型作業に多くの時間と労力が必要になるという問題があった。また、引き抜かれた間隔保持部材３５１は破損していることから再利用することができず、箱抜き型枠３２１の転用の際には新たな間隔保持部材３５１が必要になるという問題もあった。さらに、箱抜き穴３１３の底面や内側面に発泡スチロールの残留物が付着し、箱抜き穴３１３の仕上がり状態が悪化するという問題もあった。 However, the interval holding member 351 is very difficult to remove because it must be pulled out from between the divided molds 321 in a state where the pressure from the divided mold 321 is applied, and the interval holding member 351 is torn off in the middle of this extraction. As a result, it has become more difficult to remove. Therefore, there has been a problem that much time and labor are required for demolding work. Further, since the pulled spacing member 351 is damaged, it cannot be reused, and there is a problem that a new spacing member 351 is required when diverting the boxing mold 321. . Further, there is a problem that the foamed polystyrene residue adheres to the bottom surface and the inner surface of the box opening hole 313 and the finished state of the box opening hole 313 is deteriorated.

本発明は、木製であっても複数回の転用を可能にし、かつ脱型作業を容易に行うことができる箱抜き型枠、及びこの箱抜き型枠を使用した箱抜き穴の施工方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention provides a boxing mold that can be diverted a plurality of times even with wood and can be easily removed, and a method for constructing a boxing hole using the boxing mold The purpose is to do.

本発明は、コンクリート構造物に凹状の箱抜き穴を成形するために用いられ、当該箱抜き穴の底面を成形する底面成形部と当該箱抜き穴の内側面を成形する側面成形部とを有している箱抜き型枠であって、
当該箱抜き型枠は、前記底面成形部の一部と前記側面成形部の一部とを有する複数の分割型枠を並べた状態で互いに連結することによって構成されており、更に、複数の分割型枠の間に形成される隙間の寸法と略同一の厚さ寸法を有するとともにこの厚さ寸法を縮小するように変形可能であり、かつ厚さ方向と前記分割型枠の並び方向とを一致させた状態で前記隙間に挿入されることによって当該隙間の寸法を保持する間隔保持部材を備え、
前記間隔保持部材が、厚さ方向に重合された複数の分割体から構成されており、
複数の分割体の重合面が、厚さ方向に垂直な方向に対して傾斜する傾斜面とされており、
隣接する分割型枠とこの間に挿入された前記間隔保持部材とを、当該間隔保持部材の厚さ方向に貫通するとともに、これら分割型枠及び間隔保持部材を共締め固定する連結具を更に備えていることを特徴とする。 The present invention is used to form a concave box opening hole in a concrete structure, and has a bottom surface forming portion for forming the bottom surface of the box opening hole and a side surface forming portion for forming the inner surface of the box opening hole. Boxing formwork,
The boxing mold is configured by connecting a plurality of divided molds having a part of the bottom surface molding part and a part of the side surface molding part in a lined state, and a plurality of divisions. It has approximately the same thickness as the gap formed between the molds and can be modified to reduce the thickness, and the thickness direction matches the direction of the divided molds. comprising a spacing member for holding the size of the gap by being inserted into the gap in a state of being,
The spacing member is composed of a plurality of divided bodies polymerized in the thickness direction,
The overlapping surface of the plurality of divided bodies is an inclined surface inclined with respect to a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction,
It further includes a connecting tool that penetrates the adjacent divided mold frame and the gap holding member inserted therebetween in the thickness direction of the gap holding member and fixes the divided mold frame and the gap holding member together. It is characterized by being.

この構成によれば、箱抜き型枠を構成する複数の分割型枠の間には間隔保持部材が挿入され、この間隔保持部材はその厚さを縮小可能であるので、分割型枠の脱型の際には、間隔保持部材の厚さを縮小することによって、複数の分割型枠の間から間隔保持部材を簡単に取り外すことができる。また、間隔保持部材を取り外すことによって、例えば複数の分割型枠の間に形成された隙間にバール等の工具を挿入するとともに当該工具を分割型枠に引っ掛け、当該分割型枠を隙間の範囲で移動させることができ、これによって分割型枠を取り壊すことなく簡単に脱型することができる。したがって、分割型枠が木製であっても複数回の転用が可能になる。また、間隔保持部材についても破損することなく簡単に取り外すことができるので再利用が可能となる。 According to this configuration, the spacing member is inserted between the plurality of divided molds constituting the boxing mold, and the thickness of the spacing member can be reduced. In this case, by reducing the thickness of the spacing member, the spacing member can be easily removed from between the plurality of divided molds. Further, by removing the spacing member, for example, a tool such as a bar is inserted into a gap formed between a plurality of divided molds, and the tool is hooked on the divided mold frames so that the divided mold frame is within the gap range. It can be moved, and it can be easily removed without breaking the divided mold. Therefore, even if the divided formwork is wooden, it can be diverted multiple times. In addition, the spacing member can be easily removed without being damaged, and thus can be reused.

前記間隔保持部材は、厚さ方向に重合された複数の分割体から構成されており、複数の分割体の重合面は、厚さ方向に垂直な方向に対して傾斜する傾斜面とされているので、複数の分割体を重合面に傾斜に沿って移動させることで間隔保持部材の厚さを容易に縮小することができる。 The spacing member is composed of a plurality of divided bodies superposed in the thickness direction, and the overlapping surfaces of the plurality of divided bodies are inclined surfaces that are inclined with respect to a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction. since, it is possible to easily reduce the thickness of the spacing member by moving along the inclined division of several to polymerization surface.

また、箱抜き型枠は、隣接する分割型枠とこの間に挿入された間隔保持部材とを当該間隔保持部材の厚さ方向に貫通するとともに、これら分割型枠及び間隔保持部材を共締め固定する連結具を、さらに備えているので、連結具により間隔保持部材の厚さ寸法を所定に保持可能であり、連結具を取り外すことによって、間隔保持部材の厚さ寸法を縮小することができるとともに、分割型枠の間から間隔保持部材を取り外すことが可能となる。 Further , the boxing mold passes through the adjacent divided molds and the interval holding members inserted therebetween in the thickness direction of the interval holding members, and fixes the divided mold frames and the interval holding members together. the connector, since further comprising a can hold the thickness of the spacing member in a predetermined by the connecting member, by detaching the connector, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the spacing member, It is possible to remove the spacing member from between the divided molds.

前記間隔保持部材は、前記分割型枠の側面成形部と面一になるように配置されていることが好ましい。
この構成によって、間隔保持部材を利用して箱抜き穴の内側面を成形することができる。 It is preferable that the spacing member is disposed so as to be flush with the side molding part of the divided mold.
With this configuration, the inner surface of the box opening hole can be formed using the spacing member.

互いに隣接する分割型枠の底面成形部は、テーパー面からなる突き合わせ面を介して突き合わされていることが好ましい。
箱抜き型枠の周囲にコンクリートを打設すると、このコンクリートは硬化に伴って収縮し、箱抜き型枠に圧縮力を与える。箱抜き型枠の隣接する分割型枠は、底面成形部において突き合わされているが、この突き合わせ面が成形面に対して垂直な面であると上記圧縮力によって底面成形部が突っ張り合い、分割型枠を箱抜き穴から脱型することが困難となる。
本発明では、隣接する分割型枠の底面成形部の突き合わせ面がテーパー面とされているので、上記圧縮力は底面成形部同士を前後にずらす方向に作用し、これによって箱抜き穴から分割型枠を容易に脱型することが可能となる。 It is preferable that the bottom surface molding portions of the divided molds adjacent to each other are abutted via a butting surface made of a tapered surface.
When concrete is placed around the box-shaped formwork, the concrete shrinks as it hardens, giving a compressive force to the box-shaped formwork. The adjacent divided molds of the boxing mold are abutted at the bottom surface molding part, but when the abutting surface is a surface perpendicular to the molding surface, the bottom surface molding part is abutted by the compression force, and the split mold It becomes difficult to remove the frame from the box opening hole.
In the present invention, since the abutting surface of the bottom molding part of the adjacent divided mold is a tapered surface, the compressive force acts in the direction of shifting the bottom molding parts back and forth, thereby separating the mold from the box opening hole. The frame can be easily removed from the mold.

また、上述の箱抜き型枠を使用してコンクリート構造物に箱抜き穴を成型する、本発明の箱抜き穴の施工方法は、複数の分割型枠を並べた状態で隣接する分割型枠の間に間隔保持部材を挿入し、隣接する分割型枠と間隔保持部材とを連結具によって共締め固定することによって箱抜き型枠を組み立て、この箱抜き型枠を箱抜き穴の成形部位にセットするセット工程と、前記箱抜き型枠の周囲にコンクリートを打設して箱抜き穴を成型する成型工程と、成型された箱抜き穴から箱抜き型枠を脱型する脱型工程とを含み、前記脱型工程が、前記連結具を取り外し前記間隔保持部材の厚さ寸法を縮小して隣接する分割型枠の間から間隔保持部材を取り外す工程と、隣接する分割型枠の間に形成された隙間の範囲で各分割型枠を移動させながら脱型する工程とを含むこと特徴とする。 Further, molding the box vent hole in a concrete structure using a box cutting die frame described above, the construction method of the box drain hole of the present invention, the split mold contacting next in a state of arranging a plurality of split mold A box holding mold is assembled by inserting a gap holding member between them, and fixing the adjacent divided mold and the gap holding member together with a coupling tool. A molding step for placing concrete around the boxing mold to form a boxing hole, and a mold removing step for removing the boxing mold from the boxed hole formed. The demolding step is formed between the step of removing the gap holding member from between the adjacent divided molds by removing the connector and reducing the thickness dimension of the gap holding members. Demold while moving each divided formwork within the gap Wherein it contains the step.

本発明の箱抜き型枠及び箱抜き穴の施工方法によれば、木製であっても複数回の転用が可能になり、脱型作業も容易に行うことができる。 According to the boxing formwork and the boxing hole construction method of the present invention, it is possible to divert a plurality of times even with wood, and the demolding work can be easily performed.

（ａ）は本発明の第１の実施形態に係る箱抜き型枠の側面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＡ部拡大図である。(A) is a side view of the box-opening mold according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and (b) is an enlarged view of part A of (a). 箱抜き型枠の正面図である。It is a front view of a boxing formwork. （ａ）は箱抜き型枠の上部側の平面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＢ部拡大図である。(A) is a top view of the upper part side of a boxing formwork, (b) is the B section enlarged view of (a). （ａ）は箱抜き型枠の下部側の平面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＣ部拡大図である。(A) is a top view of the lower side of a boxing formwork, (b) is the C section enlarged view of (a). 箱抜き型枠の上部側の分解斜視図である。It is a disassembled perspective view of the upper part side of a boxing formwork. 箱抜き型枠の下部側の分解斜視図である。It is a disassembled perspective view of the lower part side of a boxing mold. 間隔保持部材の使用状態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the use condition of a space | interval holding member. 間隔保持部材の使用状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the use condition of a space | interval holding member. 間隔保持部材の分解斜視図である。It is a disassembled perspective view of a space | interval holding member. 箱抜き型枠の脱型の手順を説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the procedure of the demolding of a boxing mold. 箱抜き型枠の脱型の手順を説明する説明図である。It is explanatory drawing explaining the procedure of the demolding of a boxing mold. 変形例に係る間隔保持部材の使用状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the use condition of the space | interval holding member which concerns on a modification. 本発明の第２の実施形態に係る箱抜き型枠の正面図である。It is a front view of the box-opening formwork which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 図１３のＥ部拡大図である。It is the E section enlarged view of FIG. 箱抜き穴が形成されたトンネルの一部断面図である。It is a partial cross section figure of the tunnel in which the box hole was formed. 従来の箱抜き型枠を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the conventional boxing formwork.

以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施形態を説明する。
図１（ａ）は本発明の第１の実施形態に係る箱抜き型枠１０の側面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＡ部拡大図である。図２は、箱抜き型枠１０の正面図である。本実施形態の箱抜き型枠１０は、トンネル１１の覆工コンクリート１２の内周面に対して、径方向内方（矢印Ｆ方向）に開放する凹状の箱抜き穴１３を成形するものである。本実施形態の箱抜き穴１３は、その上部側の左右幅、上下高さ、及び深さの各寸法が下部側の各寸法よりも大きく形成されている。したがって、この箱抜き穴１３を成形する箱抜き型枠１０も、上部側が大きく下部側が小さく形成されている。なお、以下の説明においては、矢印Ｆで示す方向を前方とし、その反対方向を後方とする。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Fig.1 (a) is a side view of the boxing mold 10 which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, (b) is the A section enlarged view of (a). FIG. 2 is a front view of the boxing mold 10. The boxing mold 10 of this embodiment forms a concave boxing hole 13 that opens radially inward (arrow F direction) with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the lining concrete 12 of the tunnel 11. . The box opening hole 13 of the present embodiment is formed such that the left and right widths, the vertical heights, and the depths on the upper side are larger than the respective dimensions on the lower side. Therefore, the boxing mold 10 for forming the boxing hole 13 is also formed such that the upper side is large and the lower side is small. In the following description, the direction indicated by the arrow F is the front and the opposite direction is the rear.

箱抜き型枠１０は、木製の板材を組み合わせて接合することによって形成されており、箱抜き穴１３の上部側を成形する上側型枠１５と、箱抜き穴１３の下部側を成形する下側型枠１６とを備えている。上側型枠１５及び下側型枠１６は、それぞれ箱抜き穴１３の底面１７を成形する底面成形部１８と、箱抜き穴１３の内側面１９を成形する側面成形部２０とを有している。
また、箱抜き型枠１０は、複数の分割型枠（第１〜第６分割型枠）２１１〜２１６を上下方向及び左右方向に並べて連結することによって構成されている。各分割型枠２１１〜２１６は、前方Ｆが開放した略直方体の箱型であり、それぞれ底面成形部１８の一部と側面成形部２０の一部とを有している。 The boxing mold 10 is formed by combining and joining wooden plates, and an upper mold 15 for forming the upper side of the boxing hole 13 and a lower side for forming the lower side of the boxing hole 13. And a formwork 16. The upper mold 15 and the lower mold 16 each have a bottom molding part 18 that molds the bottom surface 17 of the boxing hole 13 and a side molding part 20 that molds the inner side surface 19 of the boxing hole 13. .
The box-opening mold 10 is configured by connecting a plurality of divided molds (first to sixth divided molds) 211 to 216 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. Each of the divided molds 211 to 216 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped box shape with the front F open, and includes a part of the bottom surface forming part 18 and a part of the side surface forming part 20.

図５は、箱抜き型枠１０の上部側（上側型枠１５）を背面側から見た分解斜視図である。
図１，図２，及び図５に示すように、上側型枠１５は、合計４個の分割型枠（第１〜第４分割型枠）２１１〜２１４から構成され、各分割型枠２１１〜２１４は、上下、左右に２個ずつ並設されている。本実施形態では、図２の左上側（図５の右上側）に配置された分割型枠を第１分割型枠２１１、図２の左下側（図５の右下側）に配置された分割型枠を第２分割型枠２１２、図２の右上側（図５の左上側）に配置された分割型枠を第３分割型枠２１３、図２の右下側（図５の左下側）に配置された分割型枠を第４分割型枠２１４とそれぞれ呼称する。 FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the upper side (upper mold 15) of the boxing mold 10 viewed from the back side.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 5, the upper mold 15 is composed of a total of four divided molds (first to fourth divided molds) 211 to 214, and each divided mold 211 Two 214 are arranged side by side vertically and horizontally. In the present embodiment, the divided mold frame arranged on the upper left side in FIG. 2 (upper right side in FIG. 5) is divided into the first divided mold frame 211, and the divided mold frame arranged on the lower left side in FIG. 2 (lower right side in FIG. 5). The formwork is the second divided formwork 212, the divided formwork arranged on the upper right side in FIG. 2 (upper left side in FIG. 5) is the third divided formwork 213, the lower right side in FIG. 2 (lower left side in FIG. 5). Each of the divided molds arranged in is called a fourth divided mold 214.

図５に示すように、第１〜第４分割型枠２１１〜２１４は、それぞれ上側型枠１５全体の底面成形部１８の概ね１／４の大きさの分割底面成形部（第１〜第４分割底面成形部）１８１〜１８４を有しており、各分割底面成形部１８１〜１８４は、四角形状の板材から形成されている。
また、第１〜第４分割型枠２１１〜２１４は、それぞれ分割底面成形部１８１〜１８４の前面に固定された四角筒形状の枠本体部２４を備えており、この枠本体部２４の直交する２つの外面が上側型枠１５の側面成形部２０の一部を成形する分割側面成形部（第１〜第４分割側面成形部）２０１〜２０４とされている。図２に示すように、枠本体部２４の筒内には十字状に補強板２５が設けられている。 As shown in FIG. 5, each of the first to fourth divided molds 211 to 214 is a divided bottom mold part (first to fourth) having a size that is approximately 1/4 of the bottom mold part 18 of the entire upper mold 15. (Divided bottom surface forming portions) 181 to 184, and each of the divided bottom surface forming portions 181 to 184 is formed of a rectangular plate material.
Each of the first to fourth divided molds 211 to 214 includes a rectangular tube-shaped frame main body 24 fixed to the front surface of each of the divided bottom surface forming portions 181 to 184, and the frame main body 24 is orthogonal to the frame main body 24. Two outer surfaces are divided side molding parts (first to fourth divided side molding parts) 201 to 204 that mold a part of the side molding part 20 of the upper mold 15. As shown in FIG. 2, a reinforcing plate 25 is provided in a cross shape in the cylinder of the frame body 24.

図３（ａ）は箱抜き型枠１０の上部側（上側型枠１５）の平面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＢ部拡大図である。図１〜図３に示すように、第１〜第４分割型枠２１１〜２１４は、互いに隣接する第１〜第４分割底面成形部１８１〜１８４の端面同士を突き合わせた状態で連結されている。そして、第１〜第４分割底面成形部１８１〜１８４の端面同士を突き合わせたとき、隣接する枠本体部２４の間には隙間Ｓ（図２参照）が形成されるようになっている。この隙間Ｓは、第２〜第４分割型枠２１２〜２１４の第２〜第４分割底面成形部１８２〜１８４が、それぞれ第２〜第４枠本体部２４から突出する突出部２７を有していることによって形成されるものである。 FIG. 3A is a plan view of the upper side (upper mold 15) of the boxing mold 10, and FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of part B of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1-3, the 1st-4th division | segmentation molds 211-214 are connected in the state which faced | matched the end surfaces of the 1st-4th division | segmentation bottom surface shaping | molding parts 181-184 adjacent to each other. . And when the end surfaces of the 1st-4th division | segmentation bottom face shaping | molding parts 181-184 are faced | matched, the clearance gap S (refer FIG. 2) is formed between the adjacent frame main-body parts 24. FIG. The gap S has protrusions 27 in which the second to fourth divided bottom surface molding parts 182 to 184 of the second to fourth divided molds 212 to 214 protrude from the second to fourth frame body parts 24, respectively. It is formed by being.

具体的には、図５に示すように、第２分割型枠２１２の第２分割底面成形部１８２の上部には突出部２７が設けられ、第３分割型枠２１３の第３分割底面成形部１８３の右側部には突出部２７が設けられ、第４分割型枠２１４の第４分割底面成形部１８４の上部及び右側部には突出部２７が設けられている。第１分割型枠２１１の第１分割底面成形部１８１には突出部２７は設けられていない。 Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, a protrusion 27 is provided on the upper part of the second divided bottom surface molding portion 182 of the second divided mold 212, and the third divided bottom surface molding portion of the third divided mold frame 213 is provided. A protrusion 27 is provided on the right side of 183, and a protrusion 27 is provided on the upper and right sides of the fourth divided bottom surface forming part 184 of the fourth divided mold 214. The first split bottom surface molding portion 181 of the first split mold 211 is not provided with the protruding portion 27.

この分割底面成形部１８１〜１８４における突出部２７の有無は、複数の分割型枠２１１〜２１４を箱抜き穴１３から脱型する際の順序に関係している。具体的には、隣接する２つの分割型枠のうち、後から脱型される一方の分割型枠の分割底面成形部に、先に脱型される他方の分割型枠へ向けた突出部２７が形成されている。 The presence or absence of the protruding portion 27 in the divided bottom surface forming portions 181 to 184 is related to the order in which the plurality of divided molds 211 to 214 are removed from the box opening holes 13. Specifically, of two adjacent divided molds, a protruding part 27 directed to the divided bottom surface forming part of one divided mold to be removed later is directed to the other divided mold to be removed first. Is formed.

図３及び図５に示すように、第１〜第４分割底面成形部１８１〜１８４の突き合わせ面は、成形面に対して約４５°の傾斜を持ったテーパー面（傾斜面）とされている。具体的に、第１分割底面成形部１８１の下縁に形成されたテーパー面３１は、背面側に向かうに従い上側へ傾斜し、左縁（第３分割型枠２１３側の縁）に形成されたテーパー面３２は、背面側に向かうに従って右側（反第３分割型枠２１３側）へ傾斜している。 As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the butted surfaces of the first to fourth divided bottom surface forming portions 181 to 184 are tapered surfaces (inclined surfaces) having an inclination of about 45 ° with respect to the forming surface. . Specifically, the tapered surface 31 formed on the lower edge of the first divided bottom surface forming portion 181 is inclined upward toward the back surface side, and formed on the left edge (the edge on the third divided mold 213 side). The taper surface 32 is inclined to the right side (the side opposite to the third divided mold 213) toward the back side.

第２分割底面成形部１８２の上縁に形成されたテーパー面３３は背面側に向かうに従い上側へ傾斜して、前記テーパー面３１に突き合わされ、左縁（第４分割型枠２１４側の縁）に形成されたテーパー面３４は背面側に向かうに従い右側（反第４分割型枠２１４側）へ傾斜している。
第３分割底面成形部１８３の右縁（第１分割型枠２１１側の縁）に形成されたテーパー面３５は背面側に向かうに従い右側（第１分割型枠２１１側）へ傾斜して、前記テーパー面３２に突き合わされ、下縁に形成されたテーパー面３６は背面側に向かうに従い上側へ傾斜している。 The tapered surface 33 formed on the upper edge of the second divided bottom surface forming portion 182 is inclined upward toward the back surface side, but is abutted against the tapered surface 31, and the left edge (the edge on the fourth divided mold frame 214 side). The taper surface 34 formed in is inclined to the right side (anti-fourth divided mold 214 side) toward the back side.
The tapered surface 35 formed on the right edge (the edge on the first divided mold 211 side) of the third divided bottom surface molding portion 183 is inclined to the right side (the first divided mold 211 side) as it goes to the back side, The tapered surface 36 that is abutted against the tapered surface 32 and formed at the lower edge is inclined upward as it goes to the back surface side.

さらに、第４分割底面成形部１８４の上縁に形成されたテーパー面３７は背面側に向かうに従い上側へ傾斜して、前記テーパー面３６に突き合わされ、右縁（第２分割型枠２１２側の縁）に形成されたテーパー面３８は背面側に向かうに従い右側（第２分割型枠２１２側）へ傾斜して、前記テーパー面３４に突き合わされる。
なお、テーパー面の角度は、約４５°に限定されず、これよりも大きく又は小さくすることも可能である。 Further, the tapered surface 37 formed on the upper edge of the fourth divided bottom surface forming portion 184 is inclined upward toward the back surface side, but is abutted against the tapered surface 36, and the right edge (on the second divided mold 212 side). The tapered surface 38 formed on the edge is inclined to the right side (second divided mold 212 side) as it goes to the back side, and is abutted against the tapered surface 34.
The angle of the tapered surface is not limited to about 45 °, and can be larger or smaller than this.

図６は、箱抜き型枠１０の下部側（下側型枠１６）を背面側から見た分解斜視図である。
図１，図２，図６に示すように、下側型枠１６は、合計２個の分割型枠（第５，第６分割型枠）２１５，２１６から構成され、各分割型枠２１５，２１６は左右に並べて配置されている。本実施形態では、図２の左側（図６の右側）に配置された分割型枠を第５分割型枠２１５と呼称し、図２の右側（図５の左側）に配置された分割型枠を第６分割型枠２１６と呼称する。 FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the lower side (lower mold 16) of the boxing mold 10 viewed from the back side.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 6, the lower mold 16 is composed of a total of two divided molds (fifth and sixth divided molds) 215 and 216, and each divided mold 215, 216 is formed. 216 is arranged side by side. In the present embodiment, the divided formwork arranged on the left side of FIG. 2 (right side of FIG. 6) is called a fifth divided formwork 215, and the divided formwork arranged on the right side of FIG. 2 (left side of FIG. 5). Is referred to as a sixth divided formwork 216.

図６に示すように、第５，第６分割型枠２１５，２１６は、それぞれ下側型枠１６全体の底面成形部１８の概ね１／２の大きさの分割底面成形部（第５，第６分割底面成形部）１８５，１８６を有しており、各分割底面成形部１８５，１８６は、四角形状の板材から形成されている。 As shown in FIG. 6, each of the fifth and sixth divided molds 215 and 216 has divided bottom molding parts (fifth and fifth molds) each having a size approximately half of the bottom molding part 18 of the entire lower mold 16. 6 divided bottom surface forming portions) 185 and 186, and each of the divided bottom surface forming portions 185 and 186 is formed of a rectangular plate material.

また、第５，第６分割型枠２１５，２１６は、それぞれ分割底面成形部１８５，１８６の前面に固定された四角筒形状の枠本体部２４を備えており、この枠本体部２４の直交する２つの面が、下側型枠１６の側面成形部２０の一部を成形する分割側面成形部２０５，２０６とされている。枠本体部２４の筒内には一文字状に補強板４３（図２参照）が設けられている。また、図２に示すように第５，第６分割型枠２１５，２１６の上面は、上側型枠１５の下面に当接されているため、直接、箱抜き穴１３の内側面１９を成形するためには利用されていない。 The fifth and sixth divided molds 215 and 216 include a square cylindrical frame main body 24 fixed to the front surfaces of the divided bottom surface forming portions 185 and 186, respectively. The two surfaces are divided side surface forming portions 205 and 206 for forming a part of the side surface forming portion 20 of the lower mold 16. A reinforcing plate 43 (see FIG. 2) is provided in a single letter shape in the cylinder of the frame body 24. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, since the upper surfaces of the fifth and sixth divided molds 215 and 216 are in contact with the lower surface of the upper mold 15, the inner surface 19 of the box opening hole 13 is directly formed. It is not used for.

図４の（ａ）は箱抜き型枠１０の下部側（下側型枠１６）の平面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＣ部拡大図である。
図２及び図４に示すように、第５，第６分割型枠２１５，２１６は、第５，第６分割底面成形部１８５，１８６の端面同士を突き合わせた状態で連結されている。そして、第５，第６分割底面成形部１８５，１８６の端面同士を突き合わせたとき、隣接する枠本体部２４の間には隙間Ｓ（図２参照）が形成されるようになっている。この隙間Ｓは、第６分割型枠２１６の第６分割底面成形部１８６が枠本体部２４から突出する突出部２７を有していることによって形成されるものである。 FIG. 4A is a plan view of the lower side (lower mold 16) of the boxing mold 10, and FIG. 4B is an enlarged view of part C of FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the fifth and sixth divided mold frames 215 and 216 are connected in a state where the end surfaces of the fifth and sixth divided bottom surface forming portions 185 and 186 are in contact with each other. When the end surfaces of the fifth and sixth divided bottom surface forming portions 185 and 186 are brought into contact with each other, a gap S (see FIG. 2) is formed between the adjacent frame main body portions 24. The gap S is formed when the sixth divided bottom surface forming portion 186 of the sixth divided mold 216 has the protruding portion 27 protruding from the frame main body portion 24.

具体的には、図６に示すように、第６分割型枠２１６の第６分割底面成形部１８６の右側部に突出部２７が設けられている。第５分割型枠２１５の第５分割底面成形部１８５には突出部２７は設けられていない。
この分割底面成形部１８５，１８６における突出部２７の有無は、複数の分割型枠２１５，２１６を箱抜き穴１３から脱型する際の順序に関係している。具体的には、隣接する２つの分割型枠のうち、後に脱型される一方の分割型枠の分割底面成形部に、先に脱型される他方の分割型枠へ向けた突出部２７が形成されている。 Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, a protrusion 27 is provided on the right side of the sixth divided bottom surface forming portion 186 of the sixth divided mold 216. The fifth split bottom surface molding part 185 of the fifth split mold 215 is not provided with the protrusion 27.
The presence or absence of the protruding portion 27 in the divided bottom surface forming portions 185 and 186 is related to the order in which the plurality of divided mold frames 215 and 216 are removed from the box opening holes 13. Specifically, of two adjacent divided molds, the divided bottom surface forming part of one divided mold to be removed later has a protrusion 27 directed to the other divided mold to be removed first. Is formed.

図４（ｂ）及び図６に示すように、第５，第６分割底面成形部１８５，１８６の突き合わせ面は、約４５°の傾斜を持ったテーパー面とされている。具体的には図６に示すように、第５分割底面成形部１８５の左縁（第６分割型枠２１６側の縁）に形成されたテーパー面４７は、背面側に向かうに従い右側（反第６分割型枠２１６側）へ傾斜している。逆に、第６分割底面成形部１８６の右縁（第５分割型枠２１５側の縁）に形成されたテーパー面４８は、背面側に向かうに従って右側（第５分割型枠２１５側）へ傾斜して、テーパー面４７に突き合わされる。 As shown in FIGS. 4B and 6, the butted surfaces of the fifth and sixth divided bottom surface forming portions 185 and 186 are tapered surfaces having an inclination of about 45 °. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the tapered surface 47 formed on the left edge (the edge on the sixth divided mold 216 side) of the fifth divided bottom surface forming portion 185 has a right side (anti-second) toward the back side. It is inclined toward the six-divided mold 216 side. Conversely, the tapered surface 48 formed on the right edge (the edge on the fifth divided mold 215 side) of the sixth divided bottom surface molding portion 186 is inclined toward the right side (the fifth divided mold 215 side) toward the back side. Then, it is abutted against the tapered surface 47.

以上に説明した第１〜第６分割型枠２１１〜２１６のテーパー面３１〜３８，４７，４８の傾斜方向は、箱抜き穴１３から第１〜第６分割型枠２１１〜２１６を脱型する際の順番に関係して形成されている。この脱型の手順については後に詳細に説明する。 The inclined directions of the tapered surfaces 31 to 38, 47, and 48 of the first to sixth divided molds 211 to 216 described above remove the first to sixth divided molds 211 to 216 from the box opening hole 13. It is formed in relation to the order. This demolding procedure will be described in detail later.

図１及び図２に示すように、互いに隣接する分割型枠２１１〜２１６の枠本体部２４の間には、間隔保持部材５１が挿入されている。なお、図１，図２においては間隔保持部材５１をわかりやすく示すためにハッチングを施している。本実施形態では、上側型枠１５においては、隣接する第１〜第４分割型枠２１１〜２１４の各隙間Ｓに２個の間隔保持部材５１が間隔をあけて挿入されている。下側型枠１６においては、隣接する第５，第６分割型枠２１５，２１６の隙間Ｓに３個の間隔保持部材５１が間隔をあけて挿入されている。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a spacing member 51 is inserted between the frame main body portions 24 of the divided mold frames 211 to 216 adjacent to each other. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, hatching is given for easy understanding of the spacing member 51. In the present embodiment, in the upper mold 15, two spacing members 51 are inserted into the gaps S between the adjacent first to fourth divided molds 211 to 214 with a gap therebetween. In the lower mold 16, the three spacing members 51 are inserted into the gaps S between the adjacent fifth and sixth divided molds 215 and 216 at intervals.

以下、間隔保持部材５１について、図２のＤ部に配置されたものを例に詳細に説明する。図７は、間隔保持部材５１の使用状態を示す斜視図（図２のＤ部における斜視図）、図８は、間隔保持部材５１の使用状態を示す断面図（図２のＤ部における正面断面図）、図９は、間隔保持部材５１の分解斜視図である。
この間隔保持部材５１は、一般にキャンバーと呼ばれるものであり、木製の２つの分割体５３を重ね合わせることによって構成され、全体として略直方体のブロック形状に形成されている。この間隔保持部材５１の厚さｔは、隣接する分割型枠２１３，２１４の枠本体部２４間に形成される隙間Ｓの寸法と同一寸法とされている。また、間隔保持部材５１は、各分割型枠２１３，２１４の枠本体部２４の奥行き寸法と略同一の長さ寸法Ｌを有し、枠本体部２４の左右方向長さ及び上下方向長さよりも小さい幅寸法Ｗを有している。 Hereinafter, the spacing member 51 will be described in detail by taking an example of the spacing member 51 disposed in the D part of FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a use state of the spacing member 51 (a perspective view in a portion D of FIG. 2), and FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a use state of the spacing member 51 (a front cross section in the portion D of FIG. 2). FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the interval holding member 51.
The interval holding member 51 is generally called a camber, and is configured by overlapping two wooden divided bodies 53, and is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped block shape as a whole. The thickness t of the spacing member 51 is the same as the size of the gap S formed between the frame body portions 24 of the adjacent divided molds 213 and 214. Further, the spacing member 51 has a length dimension L that is substantially the same as the depth dimension of the frame body 24 of each of the divided molds 213 and 214, and is longer than the horizontal length and the vertical length of the frame body 24. It has a small width dimension W.

２つの分割体５３の重合面５５は、厚さｔ方向に垂直な方向に対して傾斜する傾斜面とされている。したがって、２つの分割体５３を傾斜面５５に沿って幅方向外側（図９の矢印ａ方向）にずらすことにより、間隔保持部材５１の厚さｔを縮小することができる。 The overlapping surfaces 55 of the two divided bodies 53 are inclined surfaces that are inclined with respect to a direction perpendicular to the thickness t direction. Therefore, by shifting the two divided bodies 53 outward in the width direction (in the direction of arrow a in FIG. 9) along the inclined surface 55, the thickness t of the spacing member 51 can be reduced.

図８に示すように、この間隔保持部材５１は、ボルト５６及びナット５７からなる連結具５８によって分割型枠２１３，２１４に連結されている。具体的には、隣接する２つの分割型枠２１３，２１４の枠本体部２４と間隔保持部材５１とを貫通するボルト挿通孔５９ａ，５９ｂにボルト５６を挿通し、このボルト５６にナット５７を締結することによって分割型枠２１３，２１４と間隔保持部材５１とが連結されている。また、この連結具５８によって隣接する分割型枠２１３，２１４同士も連結されている。 As shown in FIG. 8, the spacing member 51 is connected to the divided molds 213 and 214 by a connector 58 including a bolt 56 and a nut 57. Specifically, bolts 56 are inserted into bolt insertion holes 59 a and 59 b that penetrate the frame main body 24 and the spacing member 51 of the two adjacent divided molds 213 and 214, and nuts 57 are fastened to the bolts 56. By doing so, the divided molds 213 and 214 and the spacing member 51 are connected. In addition, the adjacent divided molds 213 and 214 are also connected to each other by the connector 58.

間隔保持部材５１は、２つの分割体５３が連結具５８により連結されることによって、分割型枠２１３，２１４の枠本体部２４間の隙間Ｓ寸法に一致するように厚さｔが保持される。そして、この連結具５８を取り外せば、図９に示すように、２つの分割体５３の相対位置規制が解かれるので、矢印ａ方向への相対移動により厚さ寸法ｔを縮小することができる。なお、間隔保持部材５１に形成されたボルト挿通孔５９ｂは、連結具５８のボルト５６の直径とほぼ同じ内径に形成され、両者の間にほとんど隙間が生じないように形成されている。これによって、連結具５８によって連結された２つの分割体５３の相対位置がガタツキなく定まり、厚さｔを正確に設定することが可能となる。 The interval holding member 51 has a thickness t so as to match the size of the gap S between the frame main body portions 24 of the divided mold frames 213 and 214 by connecting the two divided bodies 53 by the connector 58. . Then, by removing the connecting tool 58, the relative position restriction of the two divided bodies 53 is released as shown in FIG. 9, so that the thickness dimension t can be reduced by relative movement in the direction of the arrow a. The bolt insertion hole 59b formed in the spacing member 51 is formed to have an inner diameter that is substantially the same as the diameter of the bolt 56 of the connector 58, and is formed so that there is almost no gap between the two. As a result, the relative positions of the two divided bodies 53 connected by the connecting tool 58 are determined without backlash, and the thickness t can be set accurately.

図７及び図８に示すように、間隔保持部１材５１の一側面５１ａは、枠本体部２４の側面成形部２０３，２０４と面一に配置されており、枠本体部２４における側面成形部２０３，２０４とともに、箱抜き穴１３の内側面１９を成型するために利用されている。 As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, one side surface 51 a of the spacing holding member 1 material 51 is arranged flush with the side surface forming portions 203 and 204 of the frame main body portion 24, and the side surface forming portion in the frame main body portion 24. Along with 203 and 204, it is used to mold the inner side surface 19 of the box opening hole 13.

以上のように構成された箱抜き型枠１０は、トンネル１１内において覆工コンクリート１２を打設する前にトンネル１１内に設置され、覆工コンクリート１２の打設時に同時に箱抜き穴１３を成形する。また、箱抜き型枠１０の底面成形部１８及び側面成形部２０には、成形後の箱抜き穴１３からの脱型を容易にするために、剥離剤が塗布される。 The box forming form 10 configured as described above is installed in the tunnel 11 before placing the lining concrete 12 in the tunnel 11, and the box opening hole 13 is simultaneously formed when the lining concrete 12 is placed. To do. Further, a release agent is applied to the bottom surface forming part 18 and the side surface forming part 20 of the boxing mold 10 in order to facilitate demolding from the boxing hole 13 after forming.

覆工コンクリート１２が硬化した後、箱抜き型枠１０は以下の手順で箱抜き穴１３から脱型することができる。
まず、図２に示すように、分割型枠２１１〜２１６の枠本体部２４同士、及び枠本体部２４と間隔保持部材５１とを連結する全ての連結具５８を取り外す。間隔保持部材５１は、箱抜き型枠１０の周囲のコンクリートが硬化に伴い収縮することによって枠本体部２４から圧縮力を受けるが、間隔保持部材５１は、図９に示すように各分割体５３の位置を傾斜面５５に沿って幅方向にずらすことで厚さｔを縮小することができるので、枠本体部２４の隙間Ｓから間隔保持部材５１を簡単に取り外すことができる。 After the lining concrete 12 is hardened, the boxing mold 10 can be removed from the boxing hole 13 by the following procedure.
First, as shown in FIG. 2, the frame main body portions 24 of the split molds 211 to 216 and all the connectors 58 that connect the frame main body portion 24 and the spacing member 51 are removed. The interval holding member 51 receives a compressive force from the frame main body 24 when the concrete around the boxing mold 10 contracts as it hardens, but the interval holding member 51 is divided into each divided body 53 as shown in FIG. Since the thickness t can be reduced by shifting the position in the width direction along the inclined surface 55, the spacing member 51 can be easily removed from the gap S of the frame main body 24.

全ての間隔保持部材５１を取り外した後、各分割型枠２１１〜２１６を箱抜き穴１３から脱型する。この手順を図２、図１０、及び図１１を参照して説明する。図１０及び図１１は、箱抜き型枠１０の脱型の手順を説明する図であり、これらの図では、箱抜き型枠１０のうち、上側型枠１５の底面成形部１８１〜１８４のみを正面側から見た状態が概略的に示されている。また、図１０（ａ）は脱型前の各分割底面成形部１８１〜１８４の状態を示している。 After removing all the spacing members 51, the divided molds 211 to 216 are removed from the box opening holes 13. This procedure will be described with reference to FIG. 2, FIG. 10, and FIG. FIGS. 10 and 11 are diagrams illustrating a procedure for removing the boxing mold 10. In these drawings, only the bottom surface forming portions 181 to 184 of the upper mold 15 are included in the boxing mold 10. The state seen from the front side is schematically shown. Moreover, Fig.10 (a) has shown the state of each division | segmentation bottom surface shaping | molding part 181-184 before mold removal.

まず、第１分割型枠２１１を脱型する。具体的には、図２に示すように、各分割型枠２１１〜２１４の枠本体部２４間に形成された隙間Ｓにバール等の工具を挿入して第１分割型枠２１１に引っ掛け、この第１分割型枠２１１を隙間Ｓの範囲で移動させることによって箱抜き穴１３からの脱型を行う。この際、図１０（ｂ）に示すように、第１分割型枠２１１の第１分割底面成形部１８１は、第２分割底面成形部１８２及び第３分割底面成形部１８３に突き合わされているが、これらの突き合わせ面はテーパー面３１，３２，３３，３５とされているので、これらのテーパー面３１，３２，３３，３５に略沿った矢印Ｉ方向へ簡単に第１分割型枠２１１を移動させることができる。 First, the first divided form 211 is removed. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, a tool such as a bar is inserted into the gap S formed between the frame body portions 24 of the divided molds 211 to 214 and hooked on the first divided mold 211, By moving the first divided mold 211 within the range of the gap S, the mold is removed from the box opening hole 13. At this time, as shown in FIG. 10B, the first divided bottom surface forming portion 181 of the first divided mold 211 is abutted against the second divided bottom surface forming portion 182 and the third divided bottom surface forming portion 183. Since these abutting surfaces are tapered surfaces 31, 32, 33, 35, the first divided mold 211 can be easily moved in the direction of arrow I substantially along these tapered surfaces 31, 32, 33, 35. Can be made.

次いで、図２に示すように、上記と同様に隙間Ｓにバール等を挿入して第２分割型枠２１２に引っ掛け、第２分割型枠２１２を隙間Ｓの範囲で移動させることによって箱抜き穴１３からの脱型を行う。この際、図１０（ｃ）に示すように、第２分割型枠２１２の第２分割底面成形部１８２と第４分割底面成形部１８４とはテーパー面３４，３８を介して突き合わされているので、このテーパー面３４，３８に略沿った矢印II方向へ向けて簡単に第２分割型枠２１２を移動させることができる。 Next, as shown in FIG. 2, by inserting a bar or the like into the gap S and hooking it on the second divided mold 212 as described above, the second divided mold 212 is moved within the range of the gap S, thereby opening the box. Demolding from 13. At this time, as shown in FIG. 10 (c), the second divided bottom surface forming portion 182 and the fourth divided bottom surface forming portion 184 of the second divided mold 212 are abutted via the tapered surfaces 34 and 38. The second divided mold 212 can be easily moved in the direction of arrow II substantially along the tapered surfaces 34 and 38.

次いで、図２に示すように、上記と同様に隙間Ｓをバール等を挿入して第３分割型枠２１３に引っ掛け、第３分割型枠２１３を隙間Ｓの範囲で移動させることによって箱抜き穴１３からの脱型を行う。この際、図１１（ａ）に示すように、第３分割型枠２１３の第３分割底面成形部１８３と第４分割底面成形部１８４とはテーパー面３６，３７を介して突き合わされているので、これらテーパー面３６，３７に略沿った矢印III方向へ第３分割型枠２１３を簡単に移動させることができる。 Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the gap S is inserted into the gap S by inserting a bar or the like and hooked on the third divided mold 213, and the third divided mold 213 is moved within the range of the gap S, thereby opening the box. Demolding from 13. At this time, as shown in FIG. 11A, the third divided bottom surface forming portion 183 and the fourth divided bottom surface forming portion 184 of the third divided mold 213 are abutted via the tapered surfaces 36 and 37. The third divided mold 213 can be easily moved in the direction of arrow III substantially along the tapered surfaces 36 and 37.

次いで、図２に示すように、バール等を第４分割型枠２１４に引っ掛け、第４分割型枠２１４を移動させることによって箱抜き穴１３からの脱型を行う。この際、図１１（ｂ）に示すように、第４分割型枠２１４の周囲には広いスペースが形成されているので、当該スペースを利用して、例えば矢印IV方向へ第４分割型枠２１４を簡単に移動させ、脱型することができる。 Next, as shown in FIG. 2, a bar or the like is hooked on the fourth divided mold 214, and the fourth divided mold 214 is moved to remove the mold from the box opening hole 13. At this time, as shown in FIG. 11B, since a wide space is formed around the fourth divided mold 214, the fourth divided mold 214 is used in the direction of the arrow IV, for example, using the space. Can be easily moved and demolded.

同様の要領で、残りの第５分割型枠２１５、第６分割型枠２１６をこの順で脱型する。第５分割型枠２１５を脱型する際、第５分割型枠２１５の第５分割底面成形部１８５は、第６分割底面成形部１８６と突き合わされているが、図６に示すように、これらの突き合わせ面がテーパー面４７，４８とされているので、このテーパー面４７，４８に略沿った方向へ第５分割型枠２１５を簡単に移動させることができる。 In the same manner, the remaining fifth divided mold 215 and sixth divided mold 216 are removed in this order. When the fifth divided mold 215 is removed, the fifth divided bottom surface forming portion 185 of the fifth divided mold frame 215 is abutted with the sixth divided bottom surface forming portion 186. As shown in FIG. Since the butted surfaces are tapered surfaces 47 and 48, the fifth divided mold 215 can be easily moved in a direction substantially along the tapered surfaces 47 and 48.

以上に説明した本実施形態によれば、箱抜き型枠１０は、複数の分割型枠２１１〜２１６を並べて連結することによって構成され、各分割型枠２１１〜２１６の間には間隔保持部材５１が挿入されている。間隔保持部材５１は、脱型時に厚さｔを縮小することが可能であるので、各分割型枠２１１〜２１６の間から間隔保持部材５１を破損することなく簡単に取り外すことができる。したがって、脱型作業に要する時間や労力を低減することが可能であり、間隔保持部材５１を再利用することもできる。 According to the present embodiment described above, the boxing mold 10 is configured by connecting a plurality of divided molds 211 to 216 side by side, and the spacing member 51 is provided between the divided molds 211 to 216. Has been inserted. Since the distance holding member 51 can reduce the thickness t at the time of demolding, the distance holding member 51 can be easily removed from between the divided molds 211 to 216 without damaging the distance holding member 51. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the time and labor required for the demolding operation, and the interval holding member 51 can be reused.

また、各分割型枠２１１〜２１６間から間隔保持部材５１を取り外した後、各分割型枠２１１〜２１６間に形成された隙間Ｓを利用することによって分割型枠２１１〜２１６を取り壊すことなく容易に箱抜き穴１３から脱型することができる。したがって、箱抜き型枠１０の複数回の転用が可能になり、小・中規模のトンネル工事にも効率的に利用することができる。 Moreover, after removing the space | interval holding member 51 between each division | segmentation mold form 211-216, it is easy, without tearing the division | segmentation mold form 211-216 by utilizing the clearance gap S formed between each division | segmentation mold form 211-216. The mold can be removed from the box opening hole 13. Accordingly, the boxwork form 10 can be diverted a plurality of times, and can be efficiently used for small and medium-scale tunnel construction.

間隔保持部材５１は、厚さ方向に重ね合わされた複数の分割体５３により構成されており、複数の分割体５３の重合面５５は、厚さ方向に垂直な方向に対して傾斜する傾斜面とされているので、複数の分割体５３を幅方向外側にずらすだけで簡単に厚さｔを縮小することができる。
また、間隔保持部材５１は、分割型枠２１１〜２１６に対して連結具５８によって共締め固定されており、この連結具５８によって複数の分割体５３の厚さｔが保持されている。したがって、連結具５８を取り外すだけで、間隔保持部材５１の厚さｔを縮小可能な状態にすることができるとともに、分割型枠２１１〜２１６の脱型が可能な状態にすることができる。 The spacing member 51 includes a plurality of divided bodies 53 that are stacked in the thickness direction, and the overlapping surface 55 of the plurality of divided bodies 53 includes an inclined surface that is inclined with respect to a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction. Therefore, the thickness t can be easily reduced simply by shifting the plurality of divided bodies 53 outward in the width direction.
The interval holding member 51 is fastened and fixed to the divided molds 211 to 216 by a connector 58, and the thickness t of the plurality of divided bodies 53 is held by the connector 58. Therefore, the thickness t of the spacing member 51 can be reduced by simply removing the connector 58, and the split molds 211 to 216 can be removed.

分割型枠２１１〜２１６の底面成形部１８１〜１８６は、互いにテーパー面３１〜３８，４７，４８で突き合わされているので、コンクリートの硬化に伴う収縮により分割型枠２１１〜２１６が圧縮力を受けても、その圧縮力は底面成形部１８１〜１８６の突き合わせ面３１〜３８，４７，４８を前後にずらす方向に作用する。そのため、底面成形部１８１〜１８６の突き合わせ面３１〜３８，４７，４８を簡単に離反させて各分割型枠２１１〜２１６を脱型することができる。 Since the bottom surface molding portions 181 to 186 of the divided molds 211 to 216 are abutted with each other at the tapered surfaces 31 to 38, 47, and 48, the divided molds 211 to 216 receive a compressive force due to shrinkage accompanying the hardening of the concrete. Even so, the compressive force acts in a direction in which the butted surfaces 31 to 38, 47, and 48 of the bottom surface forming portions 181 to 186 are shifted back and forth. Therefore, the divided molds 211 to 216 can be removed by easily separating the butted surfaces 31 to 38, 47, and 48 of the bottom surface forming portions 181 to 186.

間隔保持部材５１は、分割型枠２１１〜２１６の各隙間Ｓに対して複数個が間隔をあけて設けられているので、間隔保持部材５１として小型のものを使用することができ、隙間Ｓからの取り外しも容易に行うことができる。 Since a plurality of the interval holding members 51 are provided at intervals with respect to the gaps S of the divided molds 211 to 216, a small one can be used as the interval holding member 51. Can be easily removed.

図１２は、変形例に係る間隔保持部材の使用状態を示す断面図である。この間隔保持部材５１は、厚さ方向に３つの分割体５３ａ，５３ｂ，５３ｃから構成されており、各分割体５３ａ，５３ｂ，５３ｃの重合面５５は、厚さｔ方向に垂直な方向に関して傾斜する傾斜面とされている。したがって、３つの分割体５３を傾斜面５５に沿って幅方向外側に相対的にずらすことにより、間隔保持部材５１の厚さｔを縮小することができる。特に、中間の分割体５３ｂにはハの字状に傾斜面５５が形成されているので、両端の分割体５３ａ，５３ｃに対して容易に幅方向に位置をずらすことができる。 FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a usage state of the spacing member according to the modification. The spacing member 51 includes three divided bodies 53a, 53b, and 53c in the thickness direction, and the overlapping surface 55 of each divided body 53a, 53b, and 53c is inclined with respect to a direction perpendicular to the thickness t direction. It is supposed to be an inclined surface. Therefore, the thickness t of the spacing member 51 can be reduced by relatively shifting the three divided bodies 53 along the inclined surface 55 outward in the width direction. In particular, since the inclined surface 55 is formed in a C shape in the intermediate divided body 53b, the position can be easily shifted in the width direction with respect to the divided bodies 53a and 53c at both ends.

また、変形例の間隔保持部材５１では、厚さｔ方向の両端に配置され、枠本体部２４に隣接する分割体５３ａ，５３ｃを、接着剤や釘等により枠本体部２４に固定することもできる。この場合、両端の分割体５３ａ，５３ｃの間に対して中間の分割体５３ｂを着脱するだけでよいので、箱抜き型枠１０の組み立てや脱型の作業性をより向上させることができる。 Further, in the spacing member 51 of the modified example, the divided bodies 53a and 53c that are disposed at both ends in the thickness t direction and are adjacent to the frame main body 24 may be fixed to the frame main body 24 with an adhesive, a nail, or the like. it can. In this case, since it is only necessary to attach and detach the intermediate divided body 53b between the divided bodies 53a and 53c at both ends, it is possible to further improve the workability of the assembling and demolding of the boxing mold 10.

図１３は、本発明の第２の実施形態に係る箱抜き型枠の正面図である。この実施形態の箱抜き型枠１０は、第１の実施形態と同様に上側型枠１５と下側型枠１６とから構成されているが、各型枠１５，１６を構成する分割型枠２１１〜２１６の大きさが異なっている。
また、間隔保持部材５１は、枠本体部２４の角部や、枠本体部２４に補強板２５が突き合わされている部分に対応して配置されている。このような配置によって、コンクリートの硬化に伴う圧縮力で、隙間Ｓに挟まれた間隔保持部材５１の存在により枠本体部２４の板材が撓んでしまうことがなく、枠本体部２４の変形を防止し、脱型の際の間隔保持部材５１の取り外しも容易に行うことができる。 FIG. 13 is a front view of a boxing mold according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The box-opening mold 10 of this embodiment is composed of an upper mold 15 and a lower mold 16 as in the first embodiment, but the divided mold 211 that constitutes the molds 15 and 16. The size of ~ 216 is different.
Further, the spacing member 51 is disposed corresponding to a corner portion of the frame main body portion 24 or a portion where the reinforcing plate 25 is abutted against the frame main body portion 24. With such an arrangement, the plate member of the frame main body 24 is not bent due to the presence of the spacing member 51 sandwiched between the gaps S due to the compressive force accompanying the hardening of the concrete, and the deformation of the frame main body 24 is prevented. In addition, it is possible to easily remove the spacing member 51 when removing the mold.

図１４は、図１３のＥ部拡大図であり、上側型枠１５を構成する４つの分割型枠２１１〜２１４の角部が集中する位置には、間隔保持部材５１だけでなく、第２の間隔保持部材６１が設けられている。すなわち、第１，第２分割型枠２１１，２１２の間、及び第３，第４分割型枠２１３，２１４の間には間隔保持部材５１が設けられているが、第１，第３分割型枠２１１，２１３の間、及び第２，第４分割型枠２１２，２１４の間には第２の間隔保持部材６１が設けられ、これらの隙間が第２の間隔保持部材６１によって保持されている。第２の間隔保持部材６１は板材から構成され、間隔保持部材５１のように厚さを縮小することはできない。なお、図１４においては、両間隔保持部材５１，６１の形状を解りやすく示すために、これらにハッチングを施している。 FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of the E part of FIG. 13, and not only the interval holding member 51 but also the second portion at the position where the corners of the four divided molds 211 to 214 constituting the upper mold 15 are concentrated. A spacing member 61 is provided. In other words, the spacing member 51 is provided between the first and second divided molds 211 and 212 and between the third and fourth divided molds 213 and 214. A second spacing member 61 is provided between the frames 211 and 213 and between the second and fourth divided molds 212 and 214, and these gaps are held by the second spacing member 61. . The second spacing member 61 is made of a plate material and cannot be reduced in thickness as the spacing member 51 is. In addition, in FIG. 14, in order to show the shape of both the space | interval holding members 51 and 61 easily, these are hatched.

第２の間隔保持部材６１の幅方向の両端部にはハの字状にテーパー面６１ａが形成され、第１〜第４分割型枠２１１〜２１４の角部にも、テーパー面６１ａに適合するテーパー面２４ａがそれぞれ形成されている。また、第２の間隔保持部材６１は、間隔保持部材５１と各分割型枠２１１〜２１４とによって挟まれることによって保持され、取付のためにボルト等の連結具は用いられていない。
そして、この第２の間隔保持部材６１は、第１，第２分割型枠２１１，２１２の間、及び第３，第４分割型枠２１３，２１４の間からそれぞれ間隔保持部材５１を取り外すことによって取り外すことができる。 Tapered surfaces 61 a are formed in a C shape at both ends in the width direction of the second spacing member 61, and corners of the first to fourth divided molds 211 to 214 are also adapted to the tapered surface 61 a. Tapered surfaces 24a are respectively formed. Moreover, the 2nd space | interval holding member 61 is hold | maintained by being pinched | interposed by the space | interval holding member 51 and each division | segmentation mold 211-214, and connecting tools, such as a volt | bolt, are not used for attachment.
And this 2nd space | interval holding member 61 removes the space | interval holding member 51 from between the 1st, 2nd division | segmentation formwork 211,212 and between the 3rd, 4th division | segmentation moldwork 213,214, respectively. Can be removed.

本実施形態では、分割型枠２１１〜２１４の角部が集中する箇所において、間隔保持部材５１が集中して配置されるのを防ぎ、構造が簡単で連結具が不要な第２の間隔保持部材６１で代替することにより、箱抜き型枠１０の組み立てや脱型をより容易に行うことができる。 In the present embodiment, the second interval holding member that prevents the interval holding member 51 from being concentrated at a location where the corner portions of the divided molds 211 to 214 are concentrated, has a simple structure, and does not require a connecting tool. By substituting with 61, the boxing mold 10 can be more easily assembled and removed.

本発明は、上記実施形態に限定されることなく適宜設計変更可能である。
例えば、箱抜き型枠１０を構成する分割型枠２１１〜２１６の大きさ、個数、並べ方等は、成型する箱抜き穴１３の大きさや形状等に応じて適宜変更することができる。また、使用する間隔保持部材５１の大きさや個数についても適宜変更可能である。また、分割型枠２１１〜２１６は底面成形部１８の一部及び側面成形部２０の一部の少なくとも一方を備えたものであってもよい。
本発明の箱抜き型枠１０の構成は、木製の箱抜き型枠１０だけでなく、鋼製の箱抜き型枠１０にも適用することが可能である。また、本発明は、トンネル１１に限らず、各種コンクリート構造物用の箱抜き型枠１０として適用することができる。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the design can be changed as appropriate.
For example, the size, number, arrangement, etc. of the divided molds 211 to 216 constituting the boxing mold 10 can be appropriately changed according to the size, shape, etc. of the boxing hole 13 to be molded. Further, the size and number of the spacing members 51 to be used can be changed as appropriate. The divided molds 211 to 216 may include at least one of a part of the bottom surface molding part 18 and a part of the side surface molding part 20.
The configuration of the boxing mold 10 of the present invention can be applied not only to the wooden boxing mold 10 but also to the steel boxing mold 10. The present invention is not limited to the tunnel 11 and can be applied as a boxing mold 10 for various concrete structures.

１０箱抜き型枠
１１トンネル
１３箱抜き穴
１７箱抜き穴の底面
１８底面成形部
１８１〜１８６分割底面成形部
１９箱抜き穴の内側面
２０側面成形部
２０１〜２０６分割側面成形部
２１１〜２１６分割型枠
３１〜３８テーパー面
４７，４８テーパー面
５１間隔保持部材
５３分割体
５５傾斜面
５８連結具 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Box extraction form 11 Tunnel 13 Box extraction hole 17 Bottom surface of box extraction hole 18 Bottom surface forming part 181 to 186 Division bottom surface formation part 19 Inner side surface of box extraction hole 20 Side surface formation part 201 to 206 Division side surface formation part 211 to 216 Division Formwork 31-38 Tapered surface 47,48 Tapered surface 51 Space | interval holding member 53 Divided body 55 Inclined surface 58 Connection tool

Claims

It is used for forming a concave box opening hole in a concrete structure, and has a bottom surface forming portion for forming the bottom surface of the box opening hole and a side surface forming portion for forming the inner surface of the box opening hole. Boxless formwork,
The boxing mold is constituted by connecting a plurality of divided molds having at least one of a part of the bottom surface molding part and a part of the side surface molding part in an aligned state,
Furthermore, it has a thickness dimension substantially the same as the dimension of the gap formed between the plurality of divided molds and can be deformed so as to reduce the thickness dimension. An interval holding member that holds the dimension of the gap by being inserted into the gap in a state in which the alignment direction of
The spacing member is composed of a plurality of divided bodies polymerized in the thickness direction,
The overlapping surface of the plurality of divided bodies is an inclined surface inclined with respect to a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction,
It further includes a connecting tool that penetrates the adjacent divided mold frame and the gap holding member inserted therebetween in the thickness direction of the gap holding member and fixes the divided mold frame and the gap holding member together. A boxless formwork characterized by

The boxing mold according to claim 1, wherein the spacing member is disposed so as to be flush with a side molding portion of the divided mold .

Together bottom forming portion of the split frame adjacent the box punching mold according to claim 1 or 2 are butted through the abutting surface consists tapered surface.

A boxing hole construction method for forming a boxing hole in a concrete structure using the boxing formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
By inserting a gap holding member between adjacent divided molds in a state in which a plurality of divided molds are arranged, and fixing the adjacent divided molds and the gap holding member together with a connector, Assembling, setting process to set this boxing mold in the molding part of the boxing hole,
A molding step in which concrete is placed around the boxing mold to mold a boxing hole;
A demolding step of demolding the boxing mold from the molded boxing hole,
The demolding step is formed between the step of removing the spacing member from between the adjacent divided molds by removing the connector and reducing the thickness dimension of the spacing member, and the adjacent divided molds. method of constructing a box drain hole which comprises the step of demolding while moving each of the divided mold in the range of the gap.