JP5225176B2 - Puffer type gas circuit breaker - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a puffer type gas circuit breaker that cuts off an electric current.

  As a structure of the gas circuit breaker arc-extinguishing chamber that blows insulated arc-extinguishing gas to the arc, in addition to the chamber that mechanically compresses by a drive mechanism called mechanical puffer, a chamber that raises the pressure by taking in the heat of the arc is provided There is a technique in which the arc is blown off at the current zero point by the pressure in the room to extinguish the arc.

JP-A-11-31443 JP 2001-250459 A JP 58-82432 A

If the position of the chamber (heat puffer chamber) for raising the pressure by taking in the heat of the arc as shown in Patent Document 1 is not on the side between the electrodes (contactors) but on the rear side, When the gas is taken in or blown, it is necessary to take in and blow the hot gas through a long passage, and there is a problem that the flow passage resistance is high and sufficient uptake or blowing cannot be obtained.
As shown in Patent Document 2, some heat puffer chambers that raise the pressure by taking in the heat of the arc are arranged on the sides between the electrodes, but they are exposed to the arc during spraying. The hot hot gas outlet is facing the electrode axis. Therefore, there is a problem that the gas flow in the direction of the movable electrode is hindered by the movable electrode, and sufficient discharge capacity cannot be obtained.
Furthermore, it is necessary to move the movable electrode for a long distance in order to open the discharge port sufficiently, not only the arc extinguishing chamber becomes large, but also the operation device for moving the electrode becomes large, the electrode and the operation device There is a problem that the link mechanism connecting the two becomes complicated.

  Furthermore, as shown in Patent Document 3, there is a gas passage and an outlet that are blown at right angles to the arc in the insulating nozzle, but the position of the heat puffer chamber is an electrode (as in Patent Document 1). Because it is behind the contact poles, it is necessary to take in and blow the hot gas through a long path that is detoured when taking in and blowing in the hot gas. There is no problem.

The puffer-type gas circuit breaker according to the present invention opens toward the space formed between the fixed side electrode and the movable side electrode, which are detachably arranged on the same axis, and when both electrodes are separated. A first heat puffer chamber having an opening and taking in arc heat generated between the two electrodes to increase the pressure of the arc extinguishing gas, and the electrode unit, and the high-pressure arc extinguishing gas to the first arc comprising an insulating material nozzle which blows from the heat puffer chamber to said arc, said the above-mentioned space portion except for the opening of the first heat puffer chamber, an exhaust port for exiting discharge the high-pressure extinguishing gas after blown into the arc The first heat puffer chamber is configured as a pair, and the opening is disposed to face each other in a direction perpendicular to the axis via the space, and the exhaust port is connected to the axis. Crossing and the first heat pack It is obtained by arranged orthogonal to the high-pressure extinguishing gas blown out from § chamber.

  According to the gas circuit breaker of the present invention, not only can the shut-off performance be improved, but the movable electrode only needs to be moved by the distance that forms the exhaust port, so that the amount of movement can be short, and therefore it is driven. The operating device can also be small and have low operating force. Further, since the first heat puffer chamber is disposed in the side space formed when the electrodes are separated, the entire arc extinguishing chamber can be made small, and a small circuit breaker can be formed.

It is sectional drawing of the gas circuit breaker arc-extinguishing chamber in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the II-II line in FIG. It is a perspective view of the gas circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber in Embodiment 1 of this invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is the figure which showed typically the gas circuit breaker extinguishing chamber in Embodiment 1 of this invention, (A) is a side view, (B) is sectional drawing of the IV-IV line in FIG. 4 (A). . It is sectional drawing which showed operation | movement of the gas circuit breaker arc-extinguishing chamber in FIG.4 (B). It is sectional drawing which showed typically the gas circuit breaker arc-extinguishing chamber in Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is the figure which showed typically the gas circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber in Embodiment 3 of this invention, (A) is a side view, (B) is sectional drawing of the VII-VII line in FIG. 7 (A). . It is the figure which showed typically the gas circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber in Embodiment 4 of this invention, (A) is a top view, (B) is sectional drawing of the VIII-VIII line in FIG. 8 (A). . It is sectional drawing of the gas circuit breaker arc-extinguishing chamber in Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the gas circuit breaker arc-extinguishing chamber in Embodiment 6 of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the gas circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber in Embodiment 7 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of the gas circuit breaker arc-extinguishing chamber in Embodiment 7 of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the gas circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber in Embodiment 8 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of the gas circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber in Embodiment 8 of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In addition, the same code | symbol shows the same or an equivalent part between each figure.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a gas circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a gas circuit breaker arc-extinguishing chamber, which is disposed in a tank not shown in the figure, and the tank has an insulating extinction chamber such as SF6 gas. Contains arc gas.

1 to 3, the first heat puffer chamber 1 is composed of a pair of upper and lower rooms 2a and 2b having a sectoral cross section surrounded by a puffer tube 2 made of an insulating material, and each other through a space G described later. Opposed to each other.
The shape of the fixed side electrode 3 is a cylindrical shape, and the fixed side electrode 3 and the movable side electrode 4 are energization paths, and the movable side electrode 4 that can be brought into and out of contact with the fixed side electrode 3 is shown in the figure. When an opening command is received by an operating device that has not been operated, it moves to the right in the figure. As a result, when the fixed electrode 3 and the movable electrode 4 are separated, an arc is ignited between the two electrodes. An electrode cover 7 and an electrode cover 8 are arranged around the fixed side electrode 3 and the movable side electrode 4, respectively. Even when the electrode is slit in the axial direction like a finger electrode, for example, There is no gas leakage through the slit.
When the movable side electrode 4 moves to the right in the drawing, that is, when both electrodes are separated, a space G is formed between both electrodes, but the first heat puffer chamber 1 has an electrode shaft toward the space G. A puffer opening 2b1 (FIG. 3) opened in the axial center direction is provided, and a high-pressure arc extinguishing gas is blown from the puffer opening 2b1 in a direction crossing the axis of both electrodes, that is, toward the arc. In the space portion G other than the puffer opening 2b1, the exhaust port 9 is arranged in a direction orthogonal to the high-pressure arc extinguishing gas blown to the arc.

Further, a spray nozzle 5 and a spray nozzle 6 are attached so as to cover the tip portions of the fixed side electrode 3 and the movable side electrode 4, and the flow of gas from the first heat puffer chamber 1 is controlled. The spray nozzles 5 and 6 are insulators, for example, PTFE (tetrafluorinated resin), POM (polyacetal resin), acrylic resin, and further a small amount of additives added thereto.

4A and 4B are diagrams schematically showing a gas circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber. FIG. 4A is a side view, and FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4B, the first heat puffer chamber 1 in FIG. 1 is divided into an upper and lower heat puffer chamber 1a and a heat puffer chamber 1b. Further, the exhaust port 9 has a left exhaust port 9a and a right exhaust port 9b, and a high-temperature, high-pressure arc extinguishing gas is discharged in the left-right direction orthogonal to the gas, as will be described later. (FIG. 5).

Next, the operation will be described.
First, in the initial state, the movable side electrode 4 is in the left direction from the position of FIG. 1 (illustrated by a one-dot chain line), is in contact with the fixed side electrode 3, and a current flows through both electrodes. When the opening command is received, the movable electrode 4 is moved rightward in FIG. 1 by the operating device as described above. When the movable electrode 4 is separated from the fixed electrode 3 due to the movement, an arc is generated between the two electrodes. Since the arc is a very high temperature of 20000 K, the gas in the vicinity of the arc is heated and expanded, and is taken into the first heat puffer chamber 1 through between the spray nozzle 5 and the spray nozzle 6.

  Due to the high-temperature high-pressure arc extinguishing gas taken in, the gas originally in the first heat puffer chamber 1 also expands and the pressure in the first heat puffer chamber 1 rises. Moreover, since the spray nozzle 5 and the spray nozzle 6 are insulators, they are evaporated by radiation light or heat from the arc. Gas generated by evaporation is also taken into the first heat puffer chamber 1 and contributes to increasing the pressure of the first heat puffer chamber 1. Since the first heat puffer chamber 1 is disposed on the side of the fixed side electrode 3 and the movable side electrode 4, that is, in the space formed between the two electrodes, the heat and evaporating gas from the arc can be smoothly transferred to the first heat puffer chamber 1. It is taken into the chamber 1.

If the current is an alternating current, the current value starts to decrease after a lapse of time and the time when the current value reaches its peak. Eventually, it reaches a time when the current becomes zero, that is, a time called a current zero point, but in the time region immediately before that, the current is small, so the arc energy is also small.
Accordingly, since the pressure in the first heat puffer chamber 1 is higher than the pressure in the vicinity of the arc in the time region, a flow of blowing high-pressure arc extinguishing gas from the first heat puffer chamber 1 toward the arc is generated. become. This flow is blown from the first heat puffer chamber 1 to the arc through the blowing nozzle 5 and the blowing nozzle 6.

As shown in FIG. 5, the high-pressure arc extinguishing gas is blown from the upper and lower first heat puffer chambers 1a and 1b perpendicularly to the arc (in the direction intersecting the axis of both electrodes), and the arc is sandwiched between them. Because it is designed to fit, stable spraying can be secured. The high-pressure arc-extinguishing gas blown takes heat from the arc and is exhausted from the arc-extinguishing chamber through the exhaust ports 9a and 9b.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the exhaust ports 9 are equally arranged on the left and right as the exhaust ports 9a and 9b, so that the exhausted gas also flows out to the left and right evenly. Since there are no obstacles that obstruct the flow outside the exhaust port 9a and the exhaust port 9b, the high-temperature gas is smoothly discharged. Accordingly, since the exhaust capability is increased and the arc cooling effect is increased, the current interrupt capability at the current zero point is increased.

With such a configuration, not only can the blocking performance be improved, but also the movable electrode 4 is insulated, and it is only necessary to move the distance to the extent that the exhaust port 9 is opened, so the movement amount is short. Get better. Therefore, the operating device for driving it can also be small and have a low operating force. Moreover, since the 1st heat puffer chamber 1 is arrange | positioned in the space part of both electrodes side, the whole arc-extinguishing chamber can also be comprised small and a small circuit breaker can be comprised.
In addition, the circuit breaker can be downsized to reduce the SF6 gas with a high global warming potential, the SF6 gas can be recovered during inspection and the load during refilling can be reduced, and the overall configuration of the device can be simplified. Therefore, there is an effect that the number of parts can be reduced.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a gas circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In the second embodiment, exhaust port adjusting plates 10a, 10b, 10c, and 10d are attached to the exhaust port 9a and the exhaust port 9b in FIG. 4 of the first embodiment. As a result, the amount of exhaust from the exhaust port 9 can be adjusted, so that the optimum shutoff performance can be obtained.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
7A and 7B are diagrams schematically showing a gas circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 7A is a side view, and FIG. 7B is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. is there.
The fixed-side electrode 11 that is a cylindrical hollow shaft is divided in the circumferential direction, and the tip part or the entire cylindrical part is divided into upper and lower parts as shown in FIG. As a result, even when the end of the arc is only at a part of the tip of the electrode when the arc becomes thin, it is at the tip of either the top or bottom. At this time, since the blowing direction from the first heat puffer chambers 1a and 1b to the arc is from the top and bottom (see FIGS. 5 and 7B), the high-pressure arc extinguishing gas efficiently hits the arc. Since the cooling effect is increased, the shutoff performance is improved.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
8A and 8B are diagrams schematically showing a gas circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. FIG. 8A is a plan view, and FIG. 8B is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG. is there.
The fixed side electrode 12 which is a cylindrical hollow shaft is divided in the circumferential direction, and the tip portion or the entire cylindrical portion is divided into left and right 12a and 12b as shown in FIG. 8B. As a result, even when the end of the arc is only at a part of the tip of the electrode when the arc becomes thin, it is at the left or right tip. Since the outlet to the exhaust port 9 is in the left-right direction (see FIGS. 5 and 8B), the high-pressure arc-extinguishing gas that has become hot due to the arc is efficiently discharged, increasing the cooling effect. Therefore, the blocking performance is improved.

Embodiment 5 FIG.
FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a gas circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
A second heat puffer chamber 13 is attached to the left side of FIG. 1 in the first embodiment. A communication path 15 to the second heat puffer chamber 13 is provided in the internal space 14 of the cylindrical fixed side electrode 3. Thus, the high-pressure extinguishing gas from the fixed-side electrode 3 and the arc or these heat and spraying nozzles 5 and spraying nozzles 6 was ignited between the movable side electrode 4, the communication passage 15 from the interior space 14 Through the second heat puffer chamber 13. As a result, the pressure in the second heat puffer chamber 13 increases. Similar to the operation of the first heat puffer chamber 1 in the first embodiment, immediately before the current zero point, the pressure in the vicinity of the arc decreases, so that a flow of blowing from the second heat puffer chamber 13 to the arc is generated. Therefore, since there is blowing to the arc from both the first heat puffer chamber 1 and the second heat puffer chamber 13, the shut-off performance is improved.

Embodiment 6 FIG.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a gas circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
In contrast to the fifth embodiment, in the sixth embodiment, a reflux path 16 is provided between the second heat puffer chamber 13 and the first heat puffer chamber 1 to communicate the both. A check valve 17 is attached to the reflux path 16 so that when the second heat puffer chamber 13 is at a higher pressure than the first heat puffer chamber 1, the first heat puffer chamber 13 generates the first heat. Gas flows into the puffer chamber 1 (replenishment of high-pressure arc extinguishing gas).
If the distance between the fixed electrode 3 and the movable electrode 4 is not so large at the initial stage of the opening operation, the space between the spray nozzle 5 and the spray nozzle 6 is blocked by the movable electrode 4. Even if it is not closed or closed, the gap may be narrow. At that time, the gas heated by the arc and the vaporized gas due to the arc heat of the spray nozzle 6 are taken into the second heat puffer chamber 13 earlier than the first heat puffer chamber 1. The pressure is higher than that of the first heat puffer chamber 1. At this time, the check valve 17 is opened, and the high-pressure arc extinguishing gas is taken into the first heat puffer chamber 1 from the second heat puffer chamber 13 through the reflux path 16 as described above. By configuring in this way, the pressure in the first heat puffer chamber 1 rises even at the beginning of the opening, and the arc can be interrupted in a short period of time.

Embodiment 7 FIG.
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a gas circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a modification of the gas circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber according to Embodiment 7.
In the seventh embodiment, the consumable insulator 18 is provided in the second heat puffer chamber 13 in the fifth embodiment.
The consumable insulator 18 is, for example, PTFE, POM, polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, or the like, and further may contain additives.
When the gas heated by the arc and the evaporating gas due to the arc heat of the spray nozzle 6 enter the second heat puffer chamber 13 through the communication passage 15 and hit the consumable insulator 18, the gas spreads throughout the second heat puffer chamber 13. It becomes like this. Therefore, since the high-pressure arc extinguishing gas is at a high temperature, the consumable insulator 18 evaporates. Since the pressure in the second heat puffer chamber 13 is further increased by the gas from which the consumable insulator 18 has evaporated, the shutoff performance is enhanced.
Incidentally, the consumable insulator 18 may be provided in the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 10 as shown in FIG.

Embodiment 8 FIG.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a gas circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention, and FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a modification of the gas circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber according to Embodiment 8.
In the eighth embodiment, a mechanical puffer chamber 20 is added to the first heat puffer chamber 1 to replenish the first heat puffer chamber with a high-pressure arc extinguishing gas.
The mechanical puffer chamber 20 includes a puffer cylinder 21 and a piston 22.
The piston 22 moves to the left in the drawing in conjunction with the opening operation by an operating device not shown in the drawing. The mechanical puffer chamber 20 and the first heat puffer chamber 1 are connected by a communication port 23. Further, a check valve 24 is attached to the communication port 23 and opens when the pressure in the mechanical puffer chamber 20 becomes higher than the pressure in the first heat puffer chamber 1.

As the piston 22 moves to the left in conjunction with the opening operation, the arc extinguishing gas inside the mechanical puffer chamber 20 is compressed, and the internal pressure rises.
When the current to be cut off is a relatively small current and the pressure of the first thermal puffer chamber 1 does not rise sufficiently, when the pressure of the first thermal puffer chamber 1 decreases near the current zero point, or when the arc is ignited When the pressure drops after passing the current zero point by the time when the arc is extinguished and the pressure in the mechanical puffer chamber 20 becomes higher than the pressure in the first heat puffer chamber 1, the check is performed. The valve 24 opens. Then, the arc-extinguishing gas flows from the mechanical puffer chamber 20 into the first heat puffer chamber 1 through the communication port 23, and the pressure in the first heat puffer chamber 1 can be maintained at a pressure sufficient to extinguish the arc. Therefore, it is possible to configure a circuit breaker that can maintain a breaking performance even when a small current break or an arc is fired for a long time.
FIG. 14 is an example in which a mechanical puffer chamber 20 is provided in the form shown in FIG. 12 of the seventh embodiment. By constituting in this way, it becomes possible to constitute a circuit breaker having a high breaking performance from a small current to a large current.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a, 1b 1st thermal puffer chamber 2, 2a, 2b Puffer cylinder 2b1 Puffer opening 3 Cylindrical fixed side electrode 4 Movable side electrode 5, 6 Blowing nozzle (insulating nozzle)
7, 8 Electrode cover 9, 9a, 9b Exhaust port 10, 10a 10b 10c 10d Exhaust port adjustment plate 11, 11a, 11b Fixed side electrode 12, 12a, 12b Fixed side electrode 13 Second heat puffer chamber 14 Cylindrical fixed side electrode Internal space 15 Communication path 16 Reflux path 17 Check valve 18 Consumable insulator 20 Machine puffer chamber 21 Puffer cylinder 22 Piston 23 Communication port 24 Check valve

Claims (8)

A fixed side electrode and a movable side electrode, which are arranged so as to be able to come into contact with and away from each other on the same axis, and an opening which opens toward the space formed between the two electrodes when the two electrodes are separated; A first thermal puffer chamber that takes in generated arc heat and raises the pressure of the arc extinguishing gas, and an insulating nozzle that is provided in the electrode portion and blows the high-pressure arc extinguishing gas from the first thermal puffer chamber to the arc. the provided, the above said space portion except for the opening of the first heat puffer chamber, an exhaust port is provided for exiting discharge the high-pressure extinguishing gas after blown to the arc, the first heat puffer chamber, The opening is arranged to face each other in the direction perpendicular to the axis through the space, and the exhaust port crosses the axis and blows out from the first heat puffer chamber. In addition to the high-pressure arc extinguishing gas Puffer type gas circuit breaker characterized by being arranged to orthogonally. The puffer type gas circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the fixed side electrode is a cylindrical hollow shaft . The puffer-type gas circuit breaker according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fixed side electrode is a cylindrical hollow shaft divided in a circumferential direction . A second heat puffer chamber is provided which communicates with the cylindrical hollow shaft of the fixed side electrode and blows high pressure arc extinguishing gas generated by taking in the arc heat through the cylindrical hollow shaft to the arc. The puffer type gas circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 3 . Said second heat puffer chamber, the first through thermal puffer chamber and communicating, the high-pressure extinguishing on SL high圧消arc gas through the cylindrical hollow shaft to said first heat puffer chamber with blown to the arc The puffer type gas circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the puffer gas is replenished . The puffer-type gas circuit breaker according to claim 4 or 5 , wherein a consumable insulator is provided in the second heat puffer chamber. 7. A mechanical puffer chamber that communicates with the first heat puffer chamber and replenishes the first heat puffer chamber with a high-pressure arc extinguishing gas is provided. Puffer type gas circuit breaker. A fixed side electrode and a movable side electrode, which are arranged so as to be able to come into contact with and away from each other on the same axis, and an opening which opens toward the space formed between the two electrodes when the two electrodes are separated; A first heat puffer chamber that takes in the generated arc heat and raises the pressure of the arc extinguishing gas;
And an insulating nozzle that is provided in the electrode portion and blows the high-pressure arc extinguishing gas from the first heat puffer chamber to the arc,
Provided in the space excluding the opening of the first heat puffer chamber is an exhaust port for discharging the high-pressure arc extinguishing gas after spraying to the arc;
The first heat puffer chamber is configured as a pair, and the first heat puffer chamber communicates with a mechanical puffer chamber that replenishes the chamber with a high-pressure arc extinguishing gas, and the opening portion defines the space portion. And the exhaust port is arranged so as to intersect the axis and to be orthogonal to the high-pressure arc extinguishing gas blown out from the first heat puffer chamber. Gas circuit breaker.

Images