JP5219262B2 - Tractor - Google Patents

Description

The present invention is, for example, relates to a tractor comprising wearing the various working machine running vehicle body.

  In general, in this type of work vehicle, the engine mounted on the traveling machine body is driven to travel forward or backward, and various work machines mounted on the traveling machine body are driven in addition to the above-described work machine. A hydraulic pump for supplying hydraulic oil to various hydraulic devices such as a lifting / lowering hydraulic mechanism of the machine is also configured to be driven by the engine (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

Further, in the work vehicle, the engine speed is maintained at an arbitrary predetermined speed according to various work modes by a fuel injection control means such as a common rail system, and the state of the arbitrary speed is set. Thus, it has been well known that various operations are performed by driving the engine, driving a working machine, and driving a hydraulic pump.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-187209 JP-A-10-89111

  In the conventional working vehicle, as described above, the rotational speed of the engine is always maintained at an arbitrary rotational speed as described above, so that the hydraulic pump driven by the engine is used as the hydraulic pump. Therefore, at the above-mentioned arbitrary number of rotations, the lifting hydraulic mechanism must discharge the amount of oil necessary to operate reliably even when the weight load of the work implement is large. In order to cope with the heavy load on the work equipment, it is necessary to use a hydraulic pump with a large amount of discharged oil. This not only increases the size and price of the hydraulic pump, but also increases the size of the hydraulic pump. In other words, there is a problem in that the fuel consumption in the engine increases.

  The present invention has a technical problem to solve these problems.

In order to achieve this technical problem, claim 1
“A traveling machine driven by an engine having a common rail fuel injection control means, a rotary cultivator mounted on the traveling machine so as to be movable up and down, and driven by the engine, and at least for raising and lowering the rotary cultivator In a tractor comprising a hydraulic pump driven by the engine for supplying hydraulic oil to a hydraulic cylinder and a controller ,
Increase the cabin provided on the vehicle body is a lifting operation lever that controls the elevation of the rotary tiller provided, wherein the lifting and lowering hydraulic cylinder, for detecting the rising operation of the rotary tiller by the elevating hydraulic cylinder An operation sensor , further comprising a load sensor for detecting a load applied to the engine, and a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump;
The controller increases the fuel injection pressure of the common rail fuel injection control means when the lift operation sensor does not recognize the lift operation of the rotary tiller when the lift tiller is operated to lift the rotary tiller. Then, the engine speed is increased so that it is directly proportional to the engine load detected by the load sensor and inversely proportional to the hydraulic oil temperature detected by the temperature sensor. "
It is characterized by that.

According to the description of claim 1, increase the operation of the rotary tiller by lifting hydraulic cylinder, when such weight load of the rotary tiller is large, Toka when slow, when it is not possible to perform rising operation of the rotary tiller As long as the number of revolutions of the engine is increased and the amount of oil discharged from the hydraulic pump is increased, the rotary tiller is reliably lifted.

  As a result, the hydraulic pump having a smaller discharge oil amount than the conventional case can be used, so that the hydraulic pump can be reduced in size and price, and a small engine can be used as the engine. It can save fuel consumption in the engine.

The rotational speed of up engine is, the load of the engine, thus, by being made in accordance with the increase of the weight load of the rotary tiller, the engine speed, regardless of the weight load of the rotary tiller, Since it can be avoided to increase more than necessary, fuel consumption can be reduced.

Up Furthermore, the up rotational speed, small when the temperature of the hydraulic oil is high, by which it is possible to increase when the temperature of the hydraulic oil is low, an engine speed, regardless of the temperature of the hydraulic oil, unnecessarily This makes it possible to reduce fuel consumption.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  1 and 2, reference numeral 1 indicates a tractor, and reference numeral 2 indicates a rotary cultivator 2 as an example of a working machine.

  As is well known in the art, the rotary cultivator 2 is connected to the rear part of the tractor 1 by a pair of left and right lower links 3 and a single top link 4 so as to be movable up and down. The rotary cultivator 2 is configured to move up and down by a lifting hydraulic cylinder 5 provided at the rear of the tractor 1, and in addition to control the rotary cultivator 2 to hold it horizontally. The horizontal control hydraulic cylinder 6 is provided (see FIG. 3).

  As is well known in the art, the tractor 1 has a multi-cylinder diesel engine 10 mounted on a traveling body 9 supported by front wheels 7 on both left and right sides and rear wheels 8 on both sides, and a steering handle. 11 and a cabin 13 having a control seat 12 and the like, and the output from the diesel engine 10 enters a transmission case 15 via a continuously variable transmission mechanism 14, and from the transmission case 15 to the front wheels 7. Further, the tractor 1 is configured to travel forward or backward by being transmitted to and driven by the rear wheels 8.

  Further, the output from the diesel engine 10 is transmitted to the rotary tiller 2 via the PTO shaft 16 and is driven to perform a predetermined tillage operation.

  Furthermore, the output from the diesel engine 10 is transmitted to and driven by a hydraulic pump 17 for supplying hydraulic oil to the lifting hydraulic cylinder 5 and the horizontal control hydraulic cylinder 6. Has been.

  The cabin 13 of the tractor 1 includes a brake pedal 43, a main clutch pedal 44, a main transmission operation lever 45 that operates the continuously variable transmission mechanism 14, and an auxiliary transmission operation lever 46 that operates the transmission case 15. An elevating operation lever 47 that controls elevating and lowering of the rotary cultivator 2 and a PTO clutch lever 48 for intermittently transmitting power to the PTO shaft 16 are provided.

  Various exhaust gas purification devices such as a particulate filter (DPF) 20 and a NOx catalyst 21 are provided in an exhaust gas conduit 19 from the exhaust manifold 18 to the atmosphere in the diesel engine 10.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the diesel engine 10 is controlled by an accumulator fuel injection control means 22.

  The accumulator fuel injection control means 22 uses a common rail 24 that distributes fuel to the solenoid injector 23 for each cylinder of the diesel engine 10 as an accumulator.

  That is, the fuel in the fuel tank 25 is sucked into the supply pump 26 driven by the diesel engine 10 through the fuel filter 27, and the high-pressure fuel pressurized by the supply pump 26 is discharged via the discharge pipe 28. It is sent to the common rail 24 and stored here.

  The high-pressure fuel stored in the common rail 24 is supplied to the solenoid injector 23 for each cylinder via an individual fuel supply line 29.

  Each solenoid injector 23 is opened according to a command from the engine controller 30 to inject and supply the high-pressure fuel to each cylinder.

  The fuel injection to each cylinder is performed by the main injection A in the vicinity of the top dead center (TDC) as shown in FIG. In addition to the main injection A, the fuel injection into each cylinder is performed at a crank angle θ1 of about 60 degrees before the top dead center (TDC) for the purpose of reducing NOx and noise. A small amount of pilot injection B, a pre-injection C at the crank angle θ2 just before the top dead center (TDC) for the purpose of noise reduction, the top dead center (for the purpose of reducing particulates and promoting exhaust gas purification) The after-injection D and the post-injection E at the crank angles θ3 and θ4 after the TDC) are also performed.

  On the other hand, surplus fuel in each solenoid injector 19 is configured to return to the fuel tank 25 via individual return lines 31 and a common return line 32.

  The supply pump 26 is provided with a pressure control valve 33, and the common rail 24 is provided with a pressure sensor 34.

  The pressure control valve 33 increases or decreases the amount of fuel returned from the supply pump 26 to the fuel tank 25 in accordance with a command from the engine controller 30, thereby reducing the amount of fuel discharged to the common rail 24. By adjusting, the fuel injection pressure in the common rail 24 can be controlled.

  Specifically, the engine controller 30 sets a target fuel injection pressure when the diesel engine 10 is set to an arbitrary rotation speed so that the fuel injection pressure in the common rail 24 matches the target fuel injection pressure. In addition, feedback control is performed via the pressure control valve 33.

The different working controller 49 and engine controller 30, to the engine controller 30, the diesel engine 10, and outputs an instruction to operate at any rotational speed depending on the various work mode to be described below ing.

  For example, the rotational speed of the diesel engine 10 is set to a road mode in a state in which the rotary tiller 2 is lifted, a light work mode in which the rotary tiller 2 is operated with a low load, and a rotary tiller 2 is overlapped. It is configured to maintain an arbitrary number of revolutions so as to be optimal in each of various work modes such as a heavy work mode that runs while operating with a load.

  The common rail 24 is provided with a pressure limiter valve 35 between the common return line 32 and the common return line 32 for preventing the fuel injection pressure in the common rail 24 from becoming unnecessarily high.

  Further, the rotational speed of the diesel engine 10 is controlled by the engine controller 30 by using the accumulator fuel injection control means 22 by operating an accelerator operation lever 50 (see FIG. 2) provided in the cabin 13. It is configured so that it can be arbitrarily changed to the rotational speed in priority.

  The work controller 49 receives a detection signal from the lift operation sensor 36 provided for the lift hydraulic cylinder 5 as an input, and the lift hydraulic cylinder 5 is provided in the hydraulic circuit 37 from the hydraulic pump 17. In the state where the rotary tiller 2 is lifted by the switching operation of the lifting / lowering operation lever 47 of the hydraulic switching valves 38 and 39, the operating speed of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 5 to the lift of the rotary tiller 2 is as follows. If it is determined that it is slow, or if it is determined that the lifting hydraulic cylinder 5 does not operate to raise the rotary tiller 2, the engine controller 30 is in contact with the common rail 24 of the accumulator fuel injection control means 22. That outputs an instruction to raise the fuel injection pressure in the engine by an appropriate pressure higher than the target fuel injection pressure It is.

  As a result, the diesel engine 10 is increased in the number of revolutions because the fuel injection amount to each cylinder is increased.

  As the rotational speed of the diesel engine 10 increases, the amount of oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 17 increases, so that the ascending operation of the rotary tiller 2 can be executed reliably.

  On the other hand, when a signal indicating that the rotary tiller 2 has been raised to a predetermined lift position is input from the lift operation sensor 36, the work controller 49 changes the fuel injection pressure in the common rail 24 to the target fuel injection pressure. When the engine speed is reduced to, an instruction to stop the increase in the rotational speed is output to the engine controller 30.

  That is, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 6, first, in step S1, it is determined whether or not the rotary tiller 2 has been operated to be raised. By operating, the rotary tiller 2 starts to be lifted.

  Next, in step S3, the raising operation of the rotary tiller 2 is detected by the raising operation sensor 36. Next, when the ascending operation sensor 36 does not recognize the ascending operation in step S4, in other words, when the rotary tiller 2 does not ascend or when the ascending operation speed is slow, the process proceeds to step S5. Then, the rotational speed of the diesel engine 10 is increased.

  Next, when it is determined in step S6 that the raising of the rotary tiller 2 has been completed in accordance with the detection of the raising operation sensor 36, the process proceeds to step S7, and the increase in the rotational speed of the diesel engine 10 is stopped. .

  By these, the increase in the rotation speed in the diesel engine 10 can be limited until the raising operation of the rotary tiller 2 is completed.

  The work controller 49 receives a signal from a travel sensor 40 provided in the main clutch lever 44 or the shift levers 45 and 46 for detecting forward travel or reverse travel in the tractor 1, When the tractor 1 is traveling forward or backward, the engine controller 30 is configured to output an instruction to stop increasing the rotational speed of the diesel engine 10.

  Thereby, it is possible to avoid sudden start and rapid acceleration due to an increase in the rotational speed of the diesel engine 10.

  Further, the work controller 49 receives a signal from a load sensor 41 for detecting a load in the diesel engine 10 as input, and the engine controller 30 increases the rotational speed in the diesel engine 10 as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, an instruction that is directly proportional to the load in the diesel engine 10 is output.

  As a result, the engine speed can be increased in accordance with the increase in engine load, and hence the weight load on the work implement. Therefore, the engine speed is required regardless of the weight load on the work implement. It is possible to avoid an increase.

  Furthermore, the work controller 49 receives a signal from the hydraulic oil temperature sensor 42 in the hydraulic circuit 37 from the hydraulic pump 17 as an input, and increases the rotational speed of the diesel engine 10 relative to the engine controller 30. As shown in FIG. 8, the instruction is output in inverse proportion to the temperature of the hydraulic oil.

  As a result, when the temperature of the hydraulic oil is low and its flow resistance is large, the rotational speed can be increased. When the temperature of the hydraulic oil is high and its flow resistance is small, the rotational speed can be increased. , It is possible to avoid increasing the engine speed more than necessary regardless of the temperature of the hydraulic oil.

  In the present invention, the engine controller 30 and the work controller 49 in the above-described embodiment can be shared by a single controller, and as shown in the above-described embodiment, the tractor 1 has a rotary mechanism. Needless to say, the present invention can be applied not only to a working vehicle having the cultivator 2 mounted, but also to a working vehicle having a construction in which various working machines are mounted on a traveling machine body such as a riding rice transplanter. Absent.

It is a side view of a tractor equipped with a rotary tiller. It is a top view of FIG. It is a figure which shows a hydraulic circuit. It is a figure which shows the system of control. It is a figure which shows the injection timing of a fuel. It is a flowchart of engine speed up. It is a figure which shows the relationship between an engine speed increase and an engine load. It is a figure which shows the relationship between engine speed-up and the temperature of hydraulic fluid.

1 Tractor 2 Rotary tiller (work machine)
5 Lifting hydraulic cylinder (lifting hydraulic mechanism)
7 Front wheel 8 Rear wheel 9 Traveling machine body 10 Diesel engine 22 Accumulated fuel injection control means 24 Common rail 26 Supply pump 30 Engine controller 36 Lifting operation sensor 40 Travel sensor 41 Load sensor 42 Temperature sensor 49 Work controller

Claims (1)

A traveling machine driven by an engine having a common rail fuel injection control means, a rotary cultivator mounted on the traveling machine so as to be movable up and down, and driven by the engine, and at least a lifting hydraulic pressure of the rotary cultivator In a tractor comprising a hydraulic pump driven by the engine for supplying hydraulic oil to a cylinder and a controller ,
Increase the cabin provided on the vehicle body is a lifting operation lever that controls the elevation of the rotary tiller provided, wherein the lifting and lowering hydraulic cylinder, for detecting the rising operation of the rotary tiller by the elevating hydraulic cylinder An operation sensor , further comprising a load sensor for detecting a load applied to the engine, and a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump;
The controller increases the fuel injection pressure of the common rail fuel injection control means when the lift operation sensor does not recognize the lift operation of the rotary tiller when the lift tiller is operated to lift the rotary tiller. And increasing the engine speed so that it is directly proportional to the engine load detected by the load sensor and inversely proportional to the hydraulic oil temperature detected by the temperature sensor.
Tractor .

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