JP5212856B2 - Surveying system and surveying method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a new surveying system and surveying method, and more particularly to a surveying system and a surveying method that have been improved variously, such as surveying efficiency is greatly improved, accurate data can be obtained and the handling of data can be relieved. .

  In a typical conventional survey, after the observation work is completed, the survey data is taken back to the office for calculation and analysis. In this case, it takes a lot of time, and as a result, when re-surveying becomes necessary, it is necessary to go to the site again and repeat the same observation work, which wastes time and survey costs. It was supposed to be raised.

  In addition, the accuracy of survey results may be affected by human data errors, etc., and the survey results can be obtained quickly, eliminating the need to re-activate the entire survey for improved accuracy, low cost, and re-survey. A surveying method such as was desired.

On the other hand, as described in Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2, survey data is transmitted and received between the site and the office via a communication network to improve the typical conventional survey. It was proposed that the worker would calculate the results before returning to the office.
JP-A-10-267656 JP2002-174517

  However, in surveying, it is superior to the surveying in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, and it is possible to quickly move to a surveying point, select an efficient surveying point, perform a quick re-survey at the surveying site when necessary, It is desired to provide an excellent surveying system and surveying method, such as improvement, prevention of surveying errors, comprehensive surveying, and accurate surveying.

  As a result of efforts to satisfy these conventional demands, the present invention is a surveying system using a surveying staff having a GPS receiving antenna, a light reflecting unit, and a staff as a first means. A terminal having a display means capable of transmitting and receiving at least and capable of displaying a position, wherein the terminal is related to the survey staff and obtained by surveying using the survey staff. A surveying system capable of transmitting the surveyed data to the communication base station by the wireless communication means, and receiving the position display signal to be surveyed from the communication base station and displaying it on the display means To do.

  Further, the first means that the surveying staff is a plurality of survey staffs is provided as a second means, and the first means for displaying the position where the surveying staff is to be placed is displayed. The surveying system described in the second means is the third means.

Further, the surveying system according to any one the first through third having a surveying apparatus which is related to the terminal and the fourth means includes a said portion of the staff is digitally before Symbol surveying staff, the A cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the staff is a regular polygon or a circle at least at a portion having the scale, and the staff is divided into integers at about 120 degrees or less with respect to 360 degrees around the central axis in the longitudinal direction. The surveying system according to any one of the first to fourth means and the seventh means having the same or substantially the same scale on each divided surface is provided as a sixth means. .

Further, the terminal is composed of a main terminal and a sub terminal, the sub terminal is arranged near the surveying staff, the main terminal is arranged near the surveying device, and the sub terminal and the main terminal are It is capable of wireless communication, the surveying system according to the fourth hand stage having the position indicating means at least in the sub-terminal to the seventh means.

  Also, a surveying method using a surveying staff having a GPS receiving antenna, a light reflecting means, and a scale, and having a display means capable of transmitting and receiving by radio communication means with a communication base station and at least displaying a position. Using the terminal, the terminal being associated with the survey staff, and transmitting the survey data obtained by surveying using the survey staff from the terminal to the communication base station by the wireless communication means; A surveying method including the step of the terminal receiving a signal indicating the position to be surveyed from the communication base station and displaying the signal on the display means is provided as an eighth means.

And the surveying method of the eighth means including the surveying device related to the terminal and a plurality of surveying staff related to the surveying device is the ninth means, and the measure of the surveying staff is The section including the digital method and having a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the staff is a regular polygon or a circle at least at the portion having the scale, and is about 120 degrees or less with respect to 360 degrees around the central axis in the longitudinal direction. The surveying method of the eighth, ninth, or eleventh means that divides the staff staff into integers and has the same or substantially the same staff on the respective divided surfaces is defined as the tenth means.

Further, the terminal is composed of a main terminal and a sub terminal, the sub terminal is arranged near the surveying staff, the main terminal is arranged near the surveying device, and the sub terminal and the main terminal are wireless The surveying method of the ninth means is provided as the eleventh means, which is communicable and has at least the position display means in the sub-terminal.

  The present invention enables not only communication of survey data between the communication base station and the survey site, but also display of the survey position, such as the position of the survey device, the position of the surveyor, the position of the survey operator, etc. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently move to the surveying site, efficiently implement the surveying arrangement, and efficiently arrange the surveying equipment. In addition to efficient survey management, it has the feature of enabling accurate surveying.

  Furthermore, further effects are obtained by each means, and the communication base station analyzes and analyzes survey data. From comprehensive management, for example, unexpected movement of surveying devices, data reading errors, data If you need to re-survey if necessary, such as an input error or battery exhaustion, the position of the appropriate surveying staff is immediately determined by the position to that effect, and accurate surveying is performed quickly, etc. It has various excellent effects, and the effects of the invention are further clarified from the following description.

  In the surveying methods described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, a total station is sometimes used as a surveying apparatus having a GPS receiver to improve surveying accuracy. However, this type of total station has drawbacks, For the improvement, the present inventors have found that a surveying staff having a GPS receiving antenna is very useful as proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-379880.

  The survey staff basically has a GPS reception antenna, a light reflection means, and a staff as a staff example 1 as a staff example 2, and has the GPS reception antenna at the top as the staff. The surveying staff having the light reflecting means between the receiving antenna and the staff is provided. Further, in staff example 3, staff example 1 or 2 is provided in which the staff is a scale displayed in a digital manner such as a barcode or a scale including the digital scale. Further, in the staff example 4, the surveying staff of the staff example 1 or 3 having the GPS receiving antenna at the top and configured so that the light reflecting means can move on the staff is provided.

  Further, in staff example 5, the section of the surveying staff perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is at least a portion having the scale, and is a circle or polygon including an ellipse, preferably a regular polygon or circle. The survey staff according to any one of the above, and in the staff example 6, the staff surface is divided into an integer of about 120 degrees or less with respect to 360 degrees around the central axis in the longitudinal direction of the survey staff. The survey staff of the staff examples 1 to 5 having the same or almost the same staff is provided.

  Further, in the staff example 7, as the at least part of the light reflecting means, the reflecting surface that reflects in the same or substantially the same direction when light is incident and has a scale on the surface, The survey staff according to any one of staff examples 1 to 6 provided on the surface of the staff is provided. In staff example 8, the reflective surface is the surface of the reflective sheet, and the back surface of the reflective sheet has an adhesive surface. The survey staff of the staff example 7 which is the reflection sheet is provided. Moreover, in the staff example 9, the survey staff in any of the staff examples 1 to 8 which has a conducting wire which conveys the signal from the said GPS receiving antenna inside is provided.

  In the staff use example 10, a surveying staff having a GPS receiving antenna, a light reflecting means, and a scale is used, and a signal from the GPS receiving antenna is used to obtain the first position information and the second height. At the same time or almost simultaneously using the light reflecting means, obtain third information of the position, obtain the fourth information of the height using the staff, and obtain the information. There is provided a surveying method for comparing the information and the third information, and comparing the second information and the fourth information to determine the position and height.

  Moreover, the staff usage example 11 provides a surveying method for surveying by the backward intersection method using a surveying staff having a GPS receiving antenna, a light reflecting means, and a staff, and as a staff usage example 12, the staff usage example 10 A surveying method for performing the surveying method by the backward association method is provided, and as the staff usage example 13 or later, the surveying staff according to any one of the staff examples 2 to 9 is used, and the staff example 10 to 12 is described. Various surveying methods for performing surveying methods are provided.

  As the GPS receiving antenna, a commercially available one is used, but one having high sensitivity and low weight is selected. As described above, the lead wire from the GPS receiving antenna is preferably passed through the surveying staff, and is preferably configured so that the lower end can be connected to the GPS receiver. Alternatively, a method of transmitting wirelessly from the GPS receiving antenna to the GPS receiver can be selected. When using the radio, the GPS receiving antenna unit may include a GPS receiving circuit and a transmitting circuit that transmits the received signal to another receiving device installed at a distant position.

  The light reflecting means is a means for reflecting incident light in the same or substantially the same direction as the incident direction, and is most commonly a reflecting mirror, particularly a plane reflecting mirror, but a prism or a plurality of combinations of the prisms. Prism is often used in the field of surveying. The reflecting means is fixed between the GPS receiving antenna and the staff, or preferably arranged so as to be rotatable around a central axis in the longitudinal direction of the surveying staff. It is also desirable that the reflecting means is configured to be movable so as to slide on the scale and to be able to change the height. In the present invention, the light reflecting means is more preferably provided on the surface of the surveying staff with a known reflecting sheet (for example, a reflecting sheet manufactured by Sokkia) that reflects in the same or substantially the same direction when light is incident. The surveying staff provided with the reflection sheet on the surface of the staff is also preferably used because the light reflecting means does not move and is easy to handle. Further, the combination of the movable reflecting mirror and the reflecting sheet also has a degree of freedom to select the movement of the reflecting mirror or the use of the reflecting sheet depending on the situation, depending on the situation. Have the advantage of being able to respond optimally.

  A conventional measure is used as the measure. For example, an analog display or a bar code display, which is a so-called scale scale consisting of a scale for displaying height and a number, is used, and these are described in the above-mentioned patent documents. An analog display is generally used, but a digital display such as the bar code is preferably used in the sense of preventing misreading, and these are also described in the patent literature. The bar code is generally one-dimensional, and can be automatically read by a leveling instrument commonly called a level. Further, in this digital system, for example, a two-dimensional display such as a display made up of the size and number of points and a combination thereof is preferably used. In particular, the two-dimensional one is superior in the ability to discriminate the scale. Further, a standard that includes the digital display and is used in combination with the analog display is desirable because it can utilize both advantages.

  The survey staff has a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction at least at the portion having the scale, preferably a regular polygon or a circle, and has an effect of being high in strength, strong, stable and easy to handle. In particular, a circle is most desirable from the viewpoint of manufacturing and ease of handling. Further, the staff surface is divided into an integer of about 120 degrees or less with respect to 360 degrees around the central axis in the longitudinal direction of the surveying staff, and the same or substantially the same scale is provided on each divided surface. The division is performed such that the dividing line is along the longitudinal direction, and the scale is provided so that the height display changes along the dividing line.

Therefore, when the surveying staff measures from a device capable of leveling that is combined when it is set up vertically with respect to a reference plane, the staff rotates once about the central axis in the longitudinal direction. At the same height, it is possible to observe three or more same or almost the same scale surface, and surveying is possible from any direction. However, although the scale pattern is slightly deformed depending on the surveying direction, it can be easily corrected by incorporating a correction circuit (first correction means) corresponding to this change in the apparatus in advance or separately. . Furthermore, using a circuit (second correction means) for correcting a deformation pattern when the staff is not perpendicular to the reference plane, the survey staff is treated as if it were perpendicular to the reference plane, even if it is not perpendicular to the reference plane. Can do.

  If the cross section of the surveying staff is a regular polygon or circle, the first correction means is simplified, but if the section is a polygon or ellipse having different lengths, at least the first means is It becomes complicated. When the regular polygon is an equilateral triangle, there are selections such as 120 degrees or 60 degrees for the angle for integer division. Preferably, however, the angle of the regular polygon is preferably the division location. Degree is most preferred. In the case of a circle, 120 degrees is preferable even if the division angle is large.

  As the material for the staff, conventionally known materials are used, but in terms of strength, lightness, etc., a material based on aluminum or an aluminum alloy, or a carbon resin or a resin containing, for example, carbon nanoparticles, A resin such as glass fiber is also preferable as a material. Insulating plastic materials are also used from the viewpoint of preventing lightning strikes. The staff is configured to be stretchable, as is known in the art, and the structure is composed of a thick staff and a thin staff, and the thin staff is sequentially put into the thick staff and stored. It can be expanded and contracted. When used, for example, pull it out from a thin staff and use it after fully stretching.

  The signal from the GPS receiving antenna is received wirelessly or by wire by the receiver, but the receiver can be provided in the leveling instrument or in the surveying device. Especially in the case of wired, a receiver of a type that can be placed near the surveying assistant is preferable, and it is built in each device wirelessly from the receiver, or another reception installed on the side of each device. It is desirable to be able to transmit to the machine. In this case, there is an advantage that the distance between each device and the surveying staff can be set freely. In this case, a small receiver is desirable so that the surveying assistant can easily handle it, and preferably a type that is attached to the waist of the surveying assistant.

  When surveying using the survey staff according to the present invention, various applications are possible. Basically, at the reference point, the surveying staff standing perpendicular to the reference plane is surveyed with a surveying device at another position, for example, the position and height of the surveying device are measured, and then any position to be surveyed The surveying staff is set up perpendicular to the reference plane, and the surveying device measures the position and height to measure the horizontal position and height of the arbitrary position. Can be surveyed with different time differences, or after surveying, the results can be surveyed at the same time or almost simultaneously without totaling or correcting. Furthermore, even if there is an obstacle between the surveying staff and the surveying position, the position and height can be surveyed and the surveying position can be easily changed.

  According to the staff utilization example according to the present invention, the first information on the position and the second information on the height are obtained by using the signal from the GPS receiving antenna, and at the same time or almost simultaneously, the light reflecting means. To obtain the third information of the position, to obtain the fourth information of the height using the staff, to compare the first information and the third information, A surveying method for comparing the second information and the fourth information to determine the position and height can be performed. Therefore, as described above, even if there is an obstacle on the way, the first information and the second information can be obtained by using the GPS receiving antenna. can get. The information on the obtained position and height can be corrected by measuring the surveying staff standing at the same position when the position of the surveying apparatus used, for example, the surveying apparatus is changed. In the meantime, another arbitrary position can be easily surveyed.

  As described above, according to the staff utilization example according to the present invention, since the first to fourth information can be utilized, the accuracy of surveying is improved, and at the same time, there is no time difference of surveying, so the accuracy is improved. In some cases, the second information may be used for confirmation and not for correction. In order to effectively use this surveying method, the effect is particularly remarkable in the backward intersection method. The backward crossing method is defined in the Public Survey Work Regulations by the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (Article 89), and uses a minimum of two known points.

  In the backward crossing method, surveying staff and the like are installed at many positions. For example, the conventional surveying staff with reflecting means requires many surveying staff and survey assistants, or has a considerable time for surveying. However, although the accuracy was unsatisfactory, these problems can be solved by the method of the present invention.

  Since the surveying staff and examples of use thereof according to the present invention are configured as described above, the surveying assistant who handles the surveying staff can be surveyed from any direction with respect to the leveling surveyor or surveying instrument used in combination. However, the handling becomes easy and the surveying accuracy improves. Furthermore, the surveying instrument and / or the surveying instrument can be easily automated, improving the ease of surveying. Further, since the one surveying staff can be surveyed from various directions at the same time, the necessary number of surveying personnel and the necessary number of surveying staff can be reduced, which is economical. Further, the staff utilization example according to the present invention has an advantage that the survey can be performed efficiently and with high accuracy, and is not affected by the time difference.

  Hereinafter, an example of a surveying staff and an example of use used in the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an example of the above-described conventional surveying method for surveying height, and a surveying device 3 such as a level is installed. This is an example in which surveying is performed by using a surveying staff 1 that is installed at a point B and has a scale standing at the point A.

  Briefly, if the height of the surveying staff 2 having a scale set at the point C (reference point) of the reference plane 4 is measured, the surveying staff 1 measures the height of the surveying staff 3 with respect to the surveying device 3. From the height of the surveying device 3 relative to the staff 2, the height of the point A relative to the reference plane 4 can be easily measured. Further, the surveying staffs 1 and 2 are freely stretchable. By positioning the reflecting means 5 and 6 such as a reflecting mirror at an appropriate height, the position of the surveying device 3 can be known from the position of the reference point C, The position of survey point A can be surveyed.

  FIG. 2 is an example of a scale that can be visually recognized by the surveying device 3 when surveying the surveying staff 1 from the surveying device 3 of FIG. 1 in the surveying. Reference numeral 7 denotes a visual field from the surveying device 3, and the intersection of the collimation line 8 and the collimation line 9 is the center. It is an example of a combination of analog display and digital display using a one-dimensional barcode 10 partly, and is a part of the survey staff 1 as seen from the position of the surveying instrument 3. Thus, the height can be measured. However, if an automatic recognition means (not shown) is provided in the surveying instrument, it is possible to automatically read the barcode 10 and display the height of the point A based on comparison with the reference plane 4. Of course, the height can be visually recognized by analog display.

  FIG. 3 is a front conceptual view of an example of a surveying staff made of glass fiber, and has a base portion 15 at the lower end of the measuring staff 11 of the surveying staff having a bar code display, and the opposite side. A support portion 16 is provided at the top end of the head. Three rings 17 (one on the back side of the drawing) are arranged on the support part, and the lower end of the base part 15 is firmly fixed to the surveying point with a wire. Reflecting means 12 having a reflecting portion 13 such as a prism combined above the supporting portion is screwed to the supporting portion, and is screwed above the reflecting means so that the GPS receiving antenna 14 is reflected by the reflecting means. The surveying staff is fixed so as to be rotatable around the central axis in the longitudinal direction.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically illustrating a part of the staff portion 11 of FIG. 3, in which a section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the surveying staff 18 is a circle. On the surface of the surveying staff 18, the bar code measure 19, 20 is provided around the central axis on the surface where one identical measure is not visible.

  5 is a conceptual plan view of the cross section of FIG. 4 as viewed from above. The angle (angle YZX) between the Y direction and the X direction with respect to the central axis Z is 120 degrees, and the cross section of the circle along the direction V is shown in FIG. Is divided into three equal parts. The same staff is provided on the surface 21 of each staff staff. When the cross section is an equilateral triangle, the angle is preferably 120 degrees, but when the cross section is a square, 90 degrees is preferable. Furthermore, it is preferable to make the angle smaller when the regular polygon has a large number of sides. If this angle is 120 degrees or less, it was found from the surveying instrument 3 in FIG. 1 that the measuring staff 1 at an arbitrary position can visually recognize or automatically determine the height.

  As a result of surveying with a total station surveying instrument using a bar code printed on a measuring sheet 11 or 18 of the surveying staff, a reflection sheet (reflective sheet manufactured by Sokkia Co., Ltd.) was used. The position and height could be surveyed. Even if the result was compared with the result measured by the reflection means 12 above the reflection sheet attaching portion, the accuracy was sufficiently high.

  FIG. 6 shows an example of a survey staff that can be expanded and contracted. The survey staff is as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. The staffs 23 and 24 can be accommodated, and can be compact when carried and have a sufficient length when used. Reference numeral 25 denotes a reflecting mirror, which is used for surveying by the surveying device, and 26 is a GPS receiving antenna.

  FIG. 7 is an example in which a part of the measure portion is visually recognized by the surveying instrument in another survey staff example according to the present invention in the same situation as FIG. There are collimation lines 27 and 31 in the visual field 29, and this intersection is the center of the visual field 29. The scale 28 is displayed with a height using a two-dimensional barcode 30.

  FIG. 8 is a front conceptual view of a surveying staff according to another example, which is a modification of FIG. 3. The survey staff having a bar code display has a base portion 36 at the lower end of the measure portion 32 and a support portion 37 at the upper end of the opposite side. Three rings 38 (one on the back side of the drawing) are arranged on the support part, and the lower end of the base part 36 is firmly fixed to the surveying point with a wire. Reflecting means 33 having a reflecting portion 34 of a type combined with a prism is screwed to the supporting portion above the supporting portion, and is screwed above the reflecting means so that the GPS receiving antenna 35 is reflected to the reflecting means. The surveying staff is fixed so as to be rotatable around the central axis in the longitudinal direction.

  In the example of the staff in FIG. 3, the GPS receiving antenna 14 includes a small receiving circuit and a transmitting circuit (not shown), but in FIG. 8, the signal from the GPS receiving antenna 35 is Although the center axis is hollowed up to the lower end, it is guided by a lead 40 through the cavity and connected to the receiver 39. The receiver 39 has a built-in transmission circuit (not shown), and in both FIG. 3 and FIG. 8, a signal received from the transmission circuit is transmitted and is not shown, but is provided in the surveying device. The signal is received by another receiving circuit and guided to the comparison circuit via a correction circuit (an inclination adjustment circuit, the central axis rotation angle correction circuit, etc.) built in the surveying device or built in a separate device. The position and height of the survey point are displayed in comparison with the data with the reference point.

  When the surveying device is a total station device, for example, and the level can be automatically surveyed, the center value of the visual field of the standard of FIG. 3 or FIG. 8 is automatically read, and the survey point The position and height information of the survey point is automatically compared with the data of the reference point and the data of the reference point is corrected as necessary. Is configured to get.

  FIG. 9 is a plan view showing one usage example in which surveying staff used in the present invention is used for surveying. 41 is a total station installed at an arbitrary position D, and arbitrary known points E and F are measured using the surveying staff and the total station described with reference to FIG. Measure the position and height. As a result, the position and height of an arbitrary position D can be known from arbitrary known points E and F. Next, surveying points G and H to be obtained and I, J, etc. (not shown) are sequentially surveyed in the same manner as described above by moving the surveying staff. In this way, the survey points G, H, etc. can be easily surveyed by the backward intersection method.

  When the backward crossing method is executed in a conventional manner, there are limitations on the selection of known points, and in addition, considering the obstacles during surveying, a large number of survey assistants and survey staff are required, or surveying Although time is required, since the survey can be easily performed in the above use example, accurate survey can be performed in a short time with a small survey assistant and a small survey staff.

  In each of the surveying staff examples, the reflecting means is fixed. FIG. 10 is an example in which the reflecting means is configured to be able to move the measuring portion, and is an enlarged view of the reflecting means portion. . Reflecting means 43 is provided so as to slide on the digital display staff 42. The reflecting means 43 includes a reflecting mirror 45 and a position adjusting unit 44 such as a screw. The position adjusting unit 44 is operated to allow the reflecting means to slide, and the reflecting means is moved to an appropriate position, and the position adjusting unit fixes the position.

  The surveying staff used in the present invention and examples of use thereof are as described above, and a very excellent effect can be obtained. However, the present invention uses the surveying staff and examples of use, and further wireless communication with a communication base station. Including a terminal having a display means capable of transmitting / receiving by a communication means and capable of displaying at least a position, the terminal being capable of transmitting survey data to the communication base station by the wireless communication means, from the communication base station A survey system in which the terminal receives a signal indicating the position to be surveyed and displays it on the display means, the terminal being associated with the survey staff, and the survey data includes the survey staff The present invention relates to the first to eleventh means such as a surveying system obtained by surveying.

  The communication base station includes a main computer (including a main storage device such as a server), and further includes a wireless device capable of transmitting and receiving connected to the main computer. Remember the survey plan. The survey plan includes information such as the arrangement, position movement, and survey order of the survey device and / or the survey staff, and transmits the necessary plan or all of the survey plan from the wireless device to the terminal. The transmitted survey plan and the entire survey plan are displayed on the display of the main computer or a display connected to the main computer, and the survey data transmitted from the terminal is received by the wireless device and input to the main computer. Then, calculation, analysis, analysis, etc. are performed by surveying data analysis software or the like in the main computer.

  When transmitting the survey data to the communication base station regularly or constantly from the terminal, position information (simple data) is sent to the communication base station, and the position of the terminal (preferably on the display) Includes the position of the surveying instrument and the position of the surveying staff.) Is displayed at all times or automatically or manually when necessary, and it is possible to determine the consistency with the surveying plan. It becomes possible.

  The survey data is stored in a predetermined area of the main computer, but the results of calculation, analysis, analysis, etc. of the survey data are temporarily stored in a temporary area, and when it is determined that there is no problem, the predetermined data Is stored in the area. When there is a problem, a re-survey instruction signal is transmitted to the terminal, the terminal displays a warning sound or a warning on the display unit, and displays the re-survey on the display unit of the terminal. Accordingly, there is an effect that the re-survey is performed quickly.

  Since the surveying staff for surveying can receive GPS, the surveying position becomes accurate, and at the same time, the accuracy of the re-surveying position in the case of re-surveying is greatly improved. In the communication base station, accurate survey points are also confirmed, and the accuracy and reliability of the survey data obtained are significantly improved as compared with conventional survey staff.

  Also, when it is better to change the survey point from the results of the calculation, analysis, analysis, etc. during the re-survey, the change of the survey plan and the changed re-survey position are reported to the terminal, Surveying staff can be moved to the re-surveying position.

  Various types of surveying apparatuses are known depending on the purpose of surveying, and a representative station is a total station as a representative one for comprehensive purposes. Preferably, the surveying device is capable of receiving GPS, and the position data of the surveying device can be obtained. More preferably, an automatic surveying instrument capable of automatically surveying the surveying staff is incorporated, and more preferably, a transceiver circuit capable of wireless communication with the communication base station is incorporated. More preferably, a small computer is built in and functions as the terminal.

  The automatic surveying instrument, the transmission / reception circuit, or the small computer may be separate, and at least the automatic surveying instrument is preferably connected to the surveying instrument. In addition, the receiving circuit and the small computer may be separate or integrated. Preferably, the receiving circuit is preferable from the viewpoint of handling, and the integrated circuit is preferable from the viewpoint of connection reliability and malfunction prevention.

  In the present invention, wireless communication includes wireless communication using a permitted wavelength band, but includes using an existing wireless communication network such as a wireless LAN or a mobile phone network. Desirably, use of an existing wireless communication network is preferable in terms of cost and reliability.

  The terminal includes a terminal disposed near or built in the surveying apparatus, and is preferably a terminal configured to be disposed in both the surveying apparatus and the surveying staff. It consists of a terminal.

  The main terminal is preferably a personal computer capable of using a so-called wireless LAN and having a function of using a mobile phone network. The sub-terminal is commercially available as PDA (Personal Digital Assistants). It can be used preferably, and the sub-terminal can communicate with the communication base station via the main terminal. Further, the main terminal and the sub terminal can communicate with each other, and the communication base station can communicate with the main terminal and communicate necessary information with the sub terminal.

The former can quickly communicate with surveying assistants who handle the surveying staff, but it is susceptible to malfunctions, etc., and the latter communicates with surveyors who handle the main terminal. can do. The auxiliary terminal is detachably attached to the surveying assistant's waist and the like, and is configured to transmit GPS data to the main terminal or the communication base station at all times or periodically or when necessary by a button operation. Has been. For example, the receiver 39 of FIG. 8 can receive GPS signals and display data, and can be configured to be able to obtain and transmit the GPS data by being integrated with the sub-terminal.

  If the main terminal and / or the sub-terminal are commercially available, they have display means, and many have a liquid crystal screen. The display means of the main terminal can display the command from the communication base station, display the position or movement position or movement amount / direction, and can display the position of the surveying staff or the movement position. The necessary information can be displayed at all times or at the same time as necessary, but information according to the surveyor's wishes can also be displayed by input. Survey data can also be displayed.

  The display means of the sub-terminal can also display the position of the surveying staff and the position to be moved (including the amount of movement, direction, etc.), and the command from the communication base station or the necessary command via the main terminal Can also be displayed.

  A plurality of survey staffs can be associated with one of the surveying devices, and the terminal displays the positions of the plurality of survey staffs on the display means of the surveying device, and confirms each position Survey data using survey staff obtained by measuring in the order instructed by the communication base station can be transmitted to the communication base station. Preferably, the survey staff has a plurality of sub-terminals corresponding to each of the survey staff, and the corresponding survey assistant has possession, and even with the plurality of survey staff, as explained by one survey staff Information can be communicated and instructed, and each survey assistant can handle the main terminal as if explained one-on-one.

  Further, the plurality of sub-terminals can be configured to display the confirmation of the position and status of the survey staff, and can act with each other according to the status of the survey assistant. Therefore, more efficient surveying becomes possible.

  The present invention can be configured by appropriately combining commercially available apparatuses. However, it may be preferable that the apparatus is integrated and integrated as described above, and a program and / or software for controlling the whole is commercially available. Programs and / or software used for surveying analysis processing and the like are used, but it is preferable that the details are corrected and used.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings with reference to examples. FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram of the survey system and survey method of the present invention. At a minimum, it is composed of a surveying staff having a communication base station 51, a surveying device 60, and a staff unit 32.

  The communication base station 51 includes a transmission / reception device 53 connected to the wireless antenna 52, a computer 54 connected thereto, a display means (display) 55 thereof, and a server 56 connected to the computer. When the computer 54 is a wireless LAN, the wireless antenna and the transmitting / receiving device are built in wireless LAN means.

  The surveying device 60 is a total station, and has a surveying unit 62 in which a GPS receiver 61, surveying equipment, the function of the terminal, and a display are integrated, and is stably arranged by three holding legs 63. Although not shown, it has means such as a spirit level, and can be adjusted so as to ensure the direction perpendicular to the water surface. Reference numeral 64 denotes an optical system capable of observing the measuring staff 32 of the surveying staff, and the directionality of the surveying apparatus can be adjusted by using the reflected light of the reflecting means 33 in the same or different optical system. Although not shown, the distance from the surveying device to the surveying staff can be measured by emitting the laser from the laser emitting device and utilizing the reflection from the reflecting means 33.

  The function of the terminal can be separated from the surveying unit 62 by using a small computer having wireless LAN means. In this case, the surveying unit includes a total station that does not have the terminal function. Used. Preferably, the small computer is connected to the surveying unit by wire, infrared rays or wireless. Further, the surveyor may input survey data of the surveying unit to the small computer without connecting the surveying unit and the small computer. Various embodiments can be applied.

  The surveying staff is related to the surveying device 60 and is an example used by the surveying staff of FIG. However, the receiver 39 having a GPS receiving function and the sub-terminal function is used, and the receiver 39 is capable of communicating with the terminal (main terminal) of the surveying apparatus and has a display not shown in the figure. It is. The numbers in the other figures are as described in FIG.

  Preferably, or generally, a plurality of survey staffs are prepared, and each receiver 39 is capable of communicating with the surveying apparatus, and preferably is capable of communicating between the survey staffs.

  The communication base station has at least an overall surveying supervisor, and the survey plan and / or map drawing displayed on the display 55 is displayed. In the map drawing, the position and order of the surveying device are displayed. In the case where the surveying staff is arranged in a plurality of survey staff and the order of the survey staff, those displayed in different colors are monitored. Each display is preferably transmitted and the same screen can be seen on the main terminal of the surveying device or at least the first surveying position is displayed. The data is transmitted via the main terminal of the surveying instrument, and the sub-terminal of the surveying staff similarly displays at least the position where the surveying staff is initially arranged.

  The position information of the surveying device obtained by the GPS receiver 61 of the surveying device and the position information of the surveying staff from the GPS receiving antenna 35 are always input to the computer 54 of the communication base station 51 as simple data, The current position of the surveying device and the surveying staff are preferably displayed in a different form and / or color on the map screen. The position information from the sub terminal may be transmitted directly to the communication base station or may be transmitted via the main terminal.

  If the position according to the survey plan and the actual position of the surveying device and / or the survey staff are misaligned, they can move to the correct position while confirming each, and at the same time, the command from the communication base station Thus, each can be moved to a designated location.

  In addition, if there is an obstacle in the position of the surveying staff and it is difficult to survey at that position, or the position of the surveying instrument is actually not preferable, the main terminal And / or, if necessary, from the sub-terminal via the main terminal, transmitting inappropriate information to the communication base station, the general surveying supervisor of the communication base station changes the survey plan, Each new surveying position is transmitted from the transmitting / receiving device 53 to the main terminal and / or the sub-terminal, and each moves to a new surveying position. At this time, if the communication between the communication base station, the surveying device, and the surveying staff is allowed to perform voice communication in addition to data and information communication, the behavior becomes more accurate and faster.

  When the respective arrangements are determined and surveying is performed, the survey data (detailed data) as a result thereof is transmitted from the main terminal of the surveying device to the communication base station, and the computer 54 results of analysis, analysis processing, etc. If there is no problem, it is stored in the server 56. However, when there is a problem, a remeasurement command is transmitted from the communication base station to the main terminal, and remeasurement is preferably performed including voice communication. Since such re-measurement is performed quickly, unnecessary time and labor can be saved.

  If there is no problem with the survey data, the survey data and the analysis result are stored in the server 56, and the next survey arrangement is instructed to the survey device and the survey staff. If there are a plurality of survey staff, repeat the survey for all survey staff in sequence, and if there is no problem, the communication base station will move each survey staff to the next position as described above. Direct to the radio. Effectively, when the surveying of the first surveying staff is completed, the command to the next position of the first surveying staff and the movement are performed at the same time as immediately before or after the surveying of the next surveying staff. It is desirable to make it.

  The survey data is selected depending on circumstances, for example, survey data such as angle, distance, specific height, GPS observation data, observation record data (measurement method used, observation date, time, time required, work Person, weather, temperature, humidity, observation method, etc.), current status data (information around the work place, such as shielding, traffic volume, points, etc.).

  FIG. 12 shows an example of actual surveying, and 60 is a first surveying device. 60-1 is a second surveying device that is the same as the first surveying device. Alternatively, after the surveying of the first surveying device is completed, the surveying device 60 can be moved to be the second surveying device. Reference numeral 60-2 denotes a third surveying instrument, which is preferably the same as the first surveying instrument, and the first surveying instrument can be moved and used. In order to eliminate the need to adjust the characteristics between surveying instruments, it is preferable to move the same surveying instrument. However, to shorten the surveying time, use three surveying instruments of the same type, and the correlation between them. There is a method of preliminarily checking and storing it in the computer of the communication base station for correction.

  71 and 72 are the right bank and the left bank of the river, respectively, and the area between 71 and 72 is the river. When a plurality of surveying staff and a plurality of surveying apparatuses are used and each has the configuration described with reference to FIG. 11, a wide area can be surveyed accurately in a very short time. 73 to 85 are survey staff. Each surveying staff is appropriately arranged according to the surveying method applied.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, the excellent effect of the surveying staff is drawn out, and further, the surveying staff can be moved to an accurate position and an accurate position quickly. In addition to the effect of communication between the surveying device and the surveying instrument, the surveying can be performed very efficiently and efficiently, and the accuracy, cost reduction, quickness, etc. are excellent.

It is an example of the conventional surveying method. It is an example of the staff for surveying which can be visually recognized with a surveying instrument. It is a front conceptual diagram of an example of the survey staff used for the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective conceptual view of a part of a staff portion of the survey staff in FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a conceptual plan view of FIG. 4. It is an example of a surveying staff that can be expanded and contracted. This is an example in which a two-dimensional bar code is used as a standard. It is a front conceptual diagram of the staff for surveying of other examples used for the present invention. It is a plane conceptual diagram of the backward intersection method. It is a perspective view of a movable reflection means. It is a conceptual diagram of one Example which consists of basic composition concerning this invention. It is a conceptual diagram of one Example of surveying by this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Surveying staff 3 Surveying device 4 Reference surface 5 Reflection means 7 Field of view 10 Barcode standard display 11 Survey staff scale 12 Reflection means 14 GPS reception antenna 24 Staff 25 Reflection means 26 GPS reception antenna 32 Survey staff scale 33 Reflecting means 35 GPS receiving antenna 39 GPS receiver 40 Conductor 43 Reflecting means 51 Communication base station 53 Transmitting and receiving device 54 Computer 55 Display 60 Surveying device 61 GPS receiver 62 Surveying unit 71 River right bank 72 River left bank 73 Survey staff position

Claims (10)

A surveying system using a surveying staff having a GPS receiving antenna, light reflecting means and a staff,
Including a terminal having display means capable of transmitting and receiving at least wireless communication means with a communication base station and capable of displaying at least a position;
The terminal is a survey data obtained by surveying using pre Symbol survey staff can send to the base station by the wireless communication means, the position indication of the signal to be surveyed from the base station the terminal A surveying system which receives and displays on the display means.   The surveying system according to claim 1, wherein the surveying staff is a plurality of surveying staffs.   The survey system according to claim 1, wherein the position display for surveying displays a position where the survey staff should be placed. The surveying instrument possess,
The surveying system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surveying device incorporates the terminal or is connected to the separate terminal . The terminal is composed of a main terminal and a sub-terminal, the sub-terminal is arranged near the surveying staff, the main terminal is arranged near the surveying device, and the sub-terminal and the main terminal are capable of wireless communication. 5. The surveying system according to claim 4 , wherein the surveying system is possible and has the position display means at least in the sub-terminal. The staff of the surveying staff includes a digital part, and the section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the staff is a regular polygon or a circle at least at the part having the staff, and is 360 degrees around the central axis in the longitudinal direction. Te, wherein the leveling rod staff by integer division, each of the divided surfaces, surveying system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it has the same or substantially the same the staff up to about 120 degrees. A surveying method using a surveying staff having a GPS receiving antenna, light reflecting means and a staff,
Using a terminal having a display means that can transmit and receive by wireless communication means with a communication base station and at least position display,
The terminal survey data obtained by surveying using pre Symbol surveying staff through the wireless communication unit comprises the step of transmitting from the terminal to the base station,
A surveying method, comprising: a step in which the terminal receives a signal indicating a position to be surveyed from the base station and displays the signal on the display means. Surveying method according to claim 7, wherein the surveying device, to include a survey staff multiple. The terminal is composed of a main terminal and a sub-terminal, the sub-terminal is arranged near the surveying staff, the main terminal is arranged near the surveying device, and the sub-terminal and the main terminal are capable of wireless communication. The surveying method according to claim 8 , wherein the surveying method is possible, and at least the sub-terminal has the position display means. The staff of the surveying staff includes a digital part, and the section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the staff is a regular polygon or a circle at least at the part having the staff, and is 360 degrees around the central axis in the longitudinal direction. The surveying method according to claim 7 , wherein the staff is divided into integers at about 120 degrees or less, and the same or substantially the same staff is provided on each divided surface.

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