JP5211420B2 - Fuel cell system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fuel cell system, and more particularly to a fuel cell system that can uniformly supply an oxidizing gas supplied to a fuel cell stack.

  Conventionally, in a fuel cell using a polymer electrolyte membrane, there are a fuel chamber and an oxygen chamber on both sides of the electrolyte membrane, and the fuel gas in the fuel chamber passes through the fuel electrode or the oxidizing gas (mainly air) in the oxygen chamber. Oxygen inside) is ionized through the oxygen electrode, and the ions are taken out through the electrolyte membrane to obtain electric power.

  Oxygen gas is discharged from the oxygen chamber into the exhaust chamber after obtaining power. In addition, when the oxidizing gas flows into the oxygen chamber, the cooling water from the water tank is injected into the oxygen chamber. Thus, since the cooling water is injected into the oxygen chamber, the injected water reaches the exhaust chamber via the oxygen chamber. The cooling water also has an action of maintaining the electrolyte membrane in a wet state. In order to maintain all the electrolyte membranes constituting the fuel cell stack in a wet state, it is necessary to uniformly supply oxygen and water to the laminated electrolyte membranes.

By the way, when supplying air from a supply device that supplies air to an air manifold that distributes air to each oxygen chamber, in order to uniformly supply each oxygen chamber, a rectifying plate that widens the separation distance downstream, Further, a rectifier is provided (Patent Document 1). In the absence of such a device, the supplied air flow has a particularly high central wind pressure in the cross section of the air guide passage, and it becomes impossible to uniformly distribute air and water to each inlet.
JP 2005-42639 A

However, in the configuration in which the cooling water is mixed into the supplied air and supplied to the fuel cell stack, the rectifier cannot be arranged downstream of the position where the cooling water is mixed. In addition, in order to make the air flow uniform with the current plate, a sufficiently long current plate is required, which leads to an increase in the size of the device such as a longer air guide path.
An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system that can supply an oxidizing gas uniformly to a fuel cell stack with a more simplified configuration.

The present invention for solving the above problems has the following configuration.
(1) A fuel chamber into which fuel gas is introduced and an oxidizing gas chamber having an inlet through which oxidizing gas flows in and an outlet through which oxidized gas after reaction is discharged are disposed adjacent to each other via an electrolyte layer. A fuel cell stack in which a plurality of fuel cells that generate electricity by the reaction between the gas and the oxidizing gas are stacked,
A blowing means for sending oxidizing gas to the fuel cell stack;
An oxidizing gas manifold that distributes the gas flow from the blowing means to each inlet;
An air guide passage through which an oxidizing gas is led from an inlet connected to the blowing means to an opening connected to the oxidizing gas manifold , and a cross-sectional area increases from the inlet to the opening ;
A fuel electric system or the like comprising an injection means for injecting water by diffusing water into the flow of oxidizing gas,
The introduction port is provided on the upper surface of the fuel cell stack, and the outlet port is provided on the bottom surface of the fuel cell stack,
In the vicinity of the downstream side of the inlet of the air duct, there is a diffusing means for diffusing the streamline direction of the oxidizing gas flow,
The injection means is provided on the downstream side in the air guide passage, and the diffused oxidant gas flow is sent to the oxidant gas manifold together with water droplets injected from the injection means. .

  (2) The fuel cell system according to (1), wherein the diffusing unit is a plate-like diffusing member provided across the air guide path in the air guide path and having a plurality of ventilation holes.

  (3) The fuel cell system according to (2), wherein the diffusion member is an aggregate of wires.

  (4) The fuel cell system according to (2), wherein the diffusion member is a porous body.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the oxidizing gas that has passed through the diffusing means is diffused in the blowing direction, and the wind pressure is uniformly diffused within the cross section in which the area of the air guide path is increased. Thereafter, by injecting and injecting water by the injection means, the water can be mixed into the gas flow without being brought into contact with the diffusion means and supplied to the oxidizing gas manifold. Thereby, oxidizing gas and water can be uniformly supplied to each inlet.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, on the upstream side of the plate-like diffusion member having a plurality of ventilation holes, the wind pressure increases along the surface of the diffusion member, and the oxidizing gas passes through each ventilation hole by the wind pressure. The direction of the oxidant gas passing through each ventilation hole is diffused, and as a result, an oxidant gas flow can be obtained along the air guide path whose cross section expands downstream.

According to the invention of claim 3, by making the diffusion member an assembly of wire rods, the blowing direction can be diffused, and the oxidizing gas flow along the air guide path whose cross section expands toward the downstream is generated. Can be obtained.
According to invention of Claim 4, by making a diffusion member into a porous body, the ventilation direction can be spread | diffused and the oxidizing gas flow along the air duct which a cross section expands toward the downstream is obtained. Can do.

  Next, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described. This embodiment is a fuel cell system mounted on an electric vehicle. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell system 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the fuel cell system 1 is roughly configured by a fuel cell stack 100, a fuel supply system 10 including a hydrogen storage tank 11, an air supply system 12, a water supply system 50, and a load system 7. The

  The configuration of the fuel cell stack 100 will be described. The fuel cell stack 100 is configured by alternately stacking fuel cell unit cells 15 and fuel cell separators 13. 2 is an overall front view showing the fuel cell separator 13, FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional plan view of the fuel cell stack 100 composed of the fuel cell separator 13 (AA cross-sectional view in FIG. 2), and FIG. FIG. 3 is an overall rear view of the fuel cell separator 13.

The separator 13 includes current collecting members 3 and 4 for contacting the electrodes of the unit cell 15 and taking out current to the outside, and frame bodies 8 and 9 that are externally mounted on the peripheral ends of the current collecting members 3 and 4. I have. The current collecting members 3 and 4 that are current collecting plates are made of metal. The constituent metal is a metal having conductivity and corrosion resistance, and examples thereof include stainless steel, nickel alloy, titanium alloy and the like subjected to corrosion-resistant conductive treatment. The current collecting member 3 is in contact with the fuel electrode of the unit cell 15, and the current collecting member 4 is in contact with the oxygen electrode. The current collecting member 3 is formed with a plurality of projecting convex portions 32 by pressing.
The convex portions 32 are arranged at equal intervals along the long side of the plate material in the short side direction. A hydrogen channel 301 is formed between the convex portions 32 by grooves formed between the convex portions 32 arranged along the long side (lateral direction in FIG. 2). A hydrogen flow path 302 is formed by the groove 33 formed in. The surface of the apex portion of the convex portion 32 is a contact portion 321 with which the fuel electrode contacts. Since the current collecting member 3 is a net, the fuel electrode can supply the fuel gas through the hole 320 even in the portion where the contact portion 321 contacts. In addition, hydrogen gas can flow between the hydrogen channel 301 and the hydrogen channel 302 via the holes 320. Through holes 35 are formed at both ends of the current collecting member 3. When the separators 13 are stacked, the through holes 35 form a hydrogen supply path.
The current collecting member 4 is made of a rectangular plate material, and a plurality of convex portions 42 are formed by pressing. The convex portions 42 are continuously formed in a straight line parallel to the short sides of the plate material, and are arranged at equal intervals. A groove is formed between the convex portions 42 to form an air flow path 40 through which air flows. The surface of the apex portion of the convex portion 42 is an abutting portion 421 with which the oxygen electrode contacts. Further, the back side of the convex portion 42 is a groove-like hollow portion 41, and both ends of the hollow portion 41 are closed.

  The current collecting members 3 and 4 as described above are overlapped and fixed so that the convex portions 32 and the convex portions 42 are on the outside. At this time, the back side surface 34 of the current collecting member 3 and the back side surface 403 of the air flow path 40 are in contact with each other, so that they can be energized with each other. As shown in FIG. 3, the air flow path 40 is overlapped with the unit cell 15, and a tubular flow path is formed by closing the groove opening 400, and the inner wall of the air flow path 40 is formed. A part of is composed of an oxygen electrode. Oxygen and water are supplied from the air flow path 40 to the oxygen electrode of the unit cell 15. The oxygen supplied to the oxygen electrode is oxygen contained in the air passing through the air flow path 40.

  The opening on one end side of the air flow path 40 is an introduction port 43 through which air and water flow, and the opening at the other end is a discharge port 44 through which air and water flow out. The air flow path 40 and its aggregate from the inlet 43 to the outlet 44 function as an oxygen chamber (oxidizing gas chamber) for supplying oxygen to the solid electrolyte membrane. Moreover, the opening part of the one end side of the hollow part 41 becomes the inflow opening port 45 into which air and water flow in, and the opening part of the other end becomes the outflow opening port 46 through which air and water flow out. In the above configuration, the air flow paths 40 and the hollow portions 41 are alternately arranged in parallel and are adjacent to each other with the side wall 47 interposed therebetween.

  Frame members 8 and 9 are overlaid on the current collecting members 3 and 4, respectively. As shown in FIG. 2, the frame 8 overlaid on the current collecting member 3 is configured to have the same size as the current collecting member 3, and a window 81 for accommodating the convex portion 32 is formed at the center. ing. Further, in the vicinity of both ends, a hole 83 is formed at a position matching the flow hole 35 of the current collecting member 3, and between the hole 83 and the window 81, the side in contact with the current collecting member 3 is formed. A recess is formed in the plane, and a hydrogen flow path 84 is provided. In addition, a concave portion whose contour is formed along the window 81 is formed on the plane opposite to the surface that contacts the current collecting member 3, and a storage portion 82 for storing the unit cell 15 is provided. Yes. The fuel chamber 30 is defined by the fuel electrode surface of the unit cell 15 housed in the housing portion 82, the hydrogen flow paths 301 and 302, and the window 81. Thus, the fuel chamber is provided adjacent to the fuel electrode, and the oxygen chamber is provided adjacent to the oxygen electrode.

  The frame body 9 overlaid on the current collecting member 4 is configured to have the same size as the frame body 8, and a window 91 for accommodating the convex portion 42 is formed at the center. Further, in the vicinity of both end portions, holes 93 are formed at positions corresponding to the holes 83 of the frame body 8. Grooves are formed along the pair of opposing long sides of the frame 8 on the surface of the frame 8 on which the current collecting member 4 is overlapped. By overlapping the current collecting members 3 and 4, the air flow passage 94 is formed. , 95 is configured. One end of the air flow passage 94 is connected to a unit opening 941 formed on the end surface on the long side of the frame body 8, and the other end is connected to the introduction port 43 of the air flow path 40.

  The upstream air flow passage 94 has an end inner wall that is a tapered surface 942 so that the cross-sectional area gradually decreases from the unit opening 941 side to the air flow path 40 side, and is injected from an air manifold 54 described later. It is easy to take in misty water. On the other hand, one end of the downstream air flow passage 95 is connected to the outlet 44 of the air flow path 40, and the other end is connected to an opening 951 formed on the long side end surface of the frame 8. The air flow passage 95 has an end inner wall as a tapered surface 952 so that the cross-sectional area gradually decreases from the opening 951 side toward the air flow path 40 side. Even when the fuel cell stack 100 is tilted, the tapered surface 952 maintains the discharge of water. In addition, a concave portion having a contour formed along the window 91 is formed on the plane opposite to the surface of the frame body 9 that contacts the current collecting member 4, and the storage unit in which the unit cell 15 is stored. 92 is provided. Due to the assembly of the unit openings 941, a rectangular opening 940 is formed on the upper surface of the fuel cell stack 100, and air flows from the air manifold 54 into the opening 940.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the unit cell 15. The unit cell 15 includes a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 15a, and an oxygen electrode 15b and a fuel electrode 15c that are oxidant electrodes stacked on both side surfaces of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 15a, respectively. The membrane 15a is sandwiched between the oxygen electrode 15b and the fuel electrode 15c. The solid polymer electrolyte membrane 15 a is formed in a size that matches the storage portions 82 and 92, and the oxygen electrode 15 b and the fuel electrode 15 c are formed in a size that matches the windows 91 and 81. Since the thickness of the unit cell 15 is extremely thin compared to the thicknesses of the frame bodies 8 and 9 and the current collecting members 3 and 4, the unit cell 15 is shown as an integral member in the drawing. The inner wall of the air flow path 40 is subjected to hydrophilic treatment. The surface treatment may be performed so that the contact angle between the inner wall surface and water is 40 ° or less, preferably 30 ° or less. As the treatment method, a method of applying a hydrophilic treatment agent to the surface is taken. Examples of the treating agent to be applied include polyacrylamide, polyurethane resin, titanium oxide (TiO ₂ ), and the like.

  The separators 13 are configured by holding the current collecting members 3 and 4 by the frames 8 and 9 configured as described above, and the fuel cell stack 100 is configured by alternately stacking the separators 13 and the unit cells 15. . FIG. 6 is a partial plan view of the fuel cell stack 100. A large number of inlets 43 are opened on the upper surface of the fuel cell stack 100. As will be described later, air flows into the inlet 43 from the air manifold 54, and is an injection inlet means within the air manifold 54. Water sprayed from the nozzle 55 flows in simultaneously. This nozzle supplies water to the fuel cell stack 100 in the form of droplets. The air and liquid water flowing from the inlet 43 cool the current collecting members 3 and 4 by latent heat cooling. Further, on the bottom surface of the fuel cell stack 100, a large number of outlets 44 are opened at positions opposed to the inlets 43 shown in FIG. 6, from which air and water supplied by injection are supplied. leak. That is, many inlets 43 are opened vertically and horizontally on the upper surface of the fuel cell stack 100, and similarly, many outlets 44 are opened vertically and horizontally on the bottom surface of the fuel cell stack 100.

  Next, the configuration of the fuel cell system shown in FIG. 1 will be described. The configuration of the fuel supply system 10 will be described. A hydrogen storage tank 11 that is a fuel gas cylinder is connected to a gas intake port of the fuel cell stack 100 via fuel gas supply channels 201A and 201B. The fuel gas supply passage 201A includes a hydrogen source valve 18, a primary pressure sensor S0, a regulator 19, a secondary pressure sensor S1, a first gas supply valve 20, a hydrogen pressure regulating valve 21, a second gas supply valve 22, and a tertiary pressure sensor. S2 is sequentially provided, and the fuel gas supply channel 201A is connected to one end of the fuel gas supply channel 201B. The other end of the fuel gas supply channel 201B is connected to the IN of the gas inlet 201B of the fuel cell stack 100. One end of a gas discharge channel 202 is connected to the gas discharge port of the fuel cell stack 100, and the other end is connected to the fuel gas supply channel 201B to constitute a fuel gas circulation channel. In the gas discharge channel 202, a trap 24, a circulation pump 25, and a circulation electromagnetic valve 26 are arranged in this order from the gas discharge port side of the fuel cell stack 100. A water level sensor S10 is attached to the trap 24, and one end of the gas outlet path 203 is connected to the trap 24. The other end of the gas outlet path 203 is connected to the air duct 124. An exhaust solenoid valve 27 is provided in the gas outlet passage 203.

  Next, the air supply system 12 will be described. The air supply system 12 includes an air introduction path 123, an air manifold 54, and an air duct 124 that is an air discharge path. In the air introduction path 123, a filter 121, an air fan 122, and an air manifold 54 are provided in this order along the inflow direction.

  A resistance plate 123m, which is a diffusing means, is provided in the air introduction path 123, and further, on the downstream side thereof, a nozzle that injects cooling water into the air introduction path 123 at a position immediately before the air manifold 54. 55 is provided. The nozzle 55 may be provided in the air manifold 54. The air manifold 54 divides and flows the air into the inlet 43 of the fuel cell stack 100. A specific configuration from the filter 121 to the air manifold 54 will be described later.

  An exhaust manifold 53A1 is connected to the outlet 44 of the fuel cell stack 100, and the air discharged from the outlet 44 is merged by the exhaust manifold 53A1 and sent to the air duct 124. The air duct 124 guides the air flowing out from the outlet 44 to the outside via the condenser 51. A condenser 51 to which a fan is attached is provided at the end of the air duct 124, and a filter 125 is subsequently connected. The condenser 51 extracts moisture from the air. Further, the water evaporated in the fuel cell stack 100 in the water supplied from the nozzle 55 is also collected here. The air duct 124 is provided with an exhaust temperature sensor S9, and the temperature in the fuel cell stack 100 is indirectly detected.

  Next, the water supply system will be described. The water supply system 50 includes a water tank 531 as water storage means, a water conduit 57 that guides the water collected by the condenser 51 to the water tank 531, and a water supply passage 56 that guides the water in the water tank 531 to the nozzle 55. A collection pump 62 is provided in the water conduit 57. The recovery pump 62 sends the water extracted from the exhaust gas by the condenser 51 to the water tank 531. The water supply path 56 is provided with a filter 64 and a supply pump 61 as water supply means in order. The water tank 531 is provided with a water level sensor S5 and a tank water level sensor S7 which is a storage amount detection means.

  A load system 7 is connected to the fuel cell stack 100, and electric power output from the fuel cell stack 100 is supplied to the load system 7. The electrode of the fuel cell stack 100 is connected to an inverter 73 via a wiring 71, and electric power is supplied from the inverter 73 to a load such as a motor. An auxiliary power supply 76 is connected to the inverter 73 via an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) 75 which is a switch means. The auxiliary power source 76 can be constituted by, for example, a battery or a capacitor. The load system 7 is provided with a voltage sensor S4 for detecting the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 100 and a current sensor S3 for detecting the output current.

  The control system of the fuel cell system 1 receives the detection values of the sensors S0 to S4, S7, S9, and S10, the regulator 19, the solenoid valves 18 to 19, 20, 22, 26, 27, and the pumps 25, 61. 62, an air fan 122, a fan of the condenser 51, an inverter 73, and a control device (ECU) for controlling the IGBT 75. An ignition switch (not shown) is connected to the control device, and an instruction signal for driving or stopping a drive motor for driving the vehicle is input.

  Next, a specific configuration of the air supply system 12 will be described. 7 is an overall perspective view showing the configuration of the air supply system 12, FIG. 8 is an overall plan view, and FIG. 9 is an overall side view. As described above, the air supply system 12 has the air guide pipe 126 that defines the air introduction path 123 as the air guide path on the inside, and the intake 126s at the end of the air introduction side of the air guide pipe 126 has an inlet 126s. A blower port 122e of an air fan 122 (air blower) as a blower is connected. An air filter 121 is provided at the suction port of the air fan 122, and dust such as dust is removed during suction. The air fan 122 is a centrifugal blower that blows air by rotating a rotor blade (impeller), and a motor M1 for rotating the rotor blade is connected to a rotating shaft of the rotor blade. The intake port 126s of the air guide tube 126 is configured in the same shape as the air blowing port 122e, and is configured in a rectangle in which the lengths of the vertical and horizontal sides are substantially equal.

  The other end opening 126 e of the air guide pipe 126 is formed in a flat rectangular shape having the same shape as the air inlet 541 of the air manifold 54, and is connected to the air inlet 541. Further, at the downstream end portion of the air introduction path 123 configured by the air guide pipe 126, an injection nozzle 55 and a water pipe 55w for distributing water to the nozzle 55 are provided. The nozzle 55 has a jet outlet directed toward the downstream side (fuel cell stack side), and sprays water droplets by diffusing at least along the long side direction (unit cell stacking direction) in the cross section of the air manifold 55. It has become. The air manifold 55 is provided so as to cover the entire surface of the opening 940.

A plate-like diffusion member 123m is disposed in the air introduction path 123 in the air guide pipe 126 in the vicinity of the downstream side of the intake 126s . The diffusion member 123m covers the entire cross section of the air introduction path 123, and the air sent to the air manifold 55 is configured to pass through the diffusion member 123m.

  FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view showing the configuration of the diffusing member 123m. The diffusing member 123m can be, for example, a net-like plate material obtained by combining the wires LA vertically and horizontally. In this case, a gap between the wire rods LA formed between the wire rods LA becomes the ventilation hole 123h. The air sent from the air fan 122 becomes a turbulent flow by contacting the wire LA, and the blowing direction is diffused. That is, in the air velocity distribution in the cross section of the air introduction path 123, the difference in speed between the central portion and the end portion is reduced. The air flow on the upstream side of the diffusing member 123m has a streamline parallel to the axis of the air introduction path 123, but the air flow on the downstream side of the diffusing member 123m is from the central axis. Streamlines going away will increase.

  As described above, the direction of the stream line is diffused and the speed is made uniform, so that air is uniformly supplied to each unit opening 941 and water droplets mixed in the air are also supplied uniformly. Such a plate-like diffusion member 123m may be formed in a wave shape. In this case, the diffusion effect is further improved. Another configuration example of the diffusing member 123m formed of the wire LA may be a non-woven body in which the wires LA are irregularly overlapped. In this case, since the wire rods LA are irregularly arranged, the diffusion effect is improved.

  FIG. 11 is a partial perspective view showing another configuration example of the diffusing member 123m. In this configuration example, a plurality of holes are formed in a metal plate material, and the holes constitute the ventilation holes 123h. In this case, compared with the case where the ventilation holes are formed of the wire material, the interval between the ventilation holes 123h is widened, and the effect of diffusing the streamlines is increased. In addition, the hole area per unit area is small at the center of the diffusion member and large at the end. Thereby, it becomes easier to reduce the difference between the central portion and the end portion of the velocity of the gas flowing in the air introduction path 123 and diffuse the streamlines. This hole area can be changed according to the mounting position of the diffusing member 123m and the air supply flow rate. The hole area is large when it is desired to reduce the air resistance, and finely (holes per unit area when it is desired to increase the diffusion effect). Increase the number of

  Furthermore, another configuration example of the diffusing member 123m will be described. 12 is a partial perspective view of the diffusing member 123m, and FIG. 13 is a partial cross-sectional view. The diffusion member 123m is formed of a porous body. As shown in FIG. 13, the porous body has a large number of holes whose size, shape, and forming direction are three-dimensionally changed. A vent hole 123h is formed by this hole. In this way, since the holes of the porous body are randomly formed in the direction, shape, etc., the streamlines of the gas passing through the ventilation holes 123h are also randomly diffused, and the flow velocity is uniformized and the streamlines are diffused. Can be achieved.

  The air flow diffused in the width direction of the air introduction path 123 by the diffusing means configured as described above is sent to the air manifold 54 together with water droplets ejected from the nozzle 55. In the air manifold 54, the air flow diffused in the width direction of the air introduction path 123, that is, in the stacking direction of the unit cells is distributed to each unit opening 941. Each unit cell can obtain oxygen in the air evenly distributed and obtain the same level of power generation reaction, so that the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell stack 100 as a whole can be improved. Further, since the air flow can be diffused by the diffusing means, a rectifying device such as a rectifying plate is not required, the length of the air introduction path 123 can be shortened, and the device can be miniaturized. .

1 is a block diagram showing a fuel cell system 1 of the present invention. It is a whole front view which shows the separator for fuel cells. It is a fragmentary sectional top view (AA sectional view) of the fuel cell stack comprised with the fuel cell separator. It is the whole fuel cell separator rear view. It is an expanded side sectional view which shows the structure of a unit cell. It is a fragmentary top view which shows the structure of the upper surface of a fuel cell stack. It is a whole perspective view which shows the structure of an air supply system. It is a whole top view which shows the structure of an air supply system. It is a whole side view which shows the structure of an air supply system. It is a fragmentary perspective view which shows the structure of a diffusion member. It is a fragmentary perspective view which shows the other structure of a diffusion member. It is a fragmentary perspective view which shows the other structure of a diffusion member. It is a fragmentary cross-sectional view which shows the other structure of a diffusion member.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fuel cell system 100 Fuel cell stack 123 Air introduction path 123m Diffusion member 531 Water tank 53A1 Exhaust manifold 54 Air manifold 55 Nozzle 61 Supply pump

Claims (4)

A fuel chamber into which the fuel gas is introduced and an oxidizing gas chamber having an inlet through which the oxidizing gas is introduced and an outlet through which the oxidized gas after the reaction is discharged are adjacent to each other via the electrolyte layer, and the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas A fuel cell stack in which a plurality of fuel cells that generate electricity by reaction with
A blowing means for sending oxidizing gas to the fuel cell stack;
An oxidizing gas manifold that distributes the gas flow from the blowing means to each inlet;
An air guide passage through which an oxidizing gas is led from an inlet connected to the blowing means to an opening connected to the oxidizing gas manifold , and a cross-sectional area increases from the inlet to the opening ;
A fuel electric system or the like comprising an injection means for injecting water by diffusing water into the flow of oxidizing gas,
The introduction port is provided on the upper surface of the fuel cell stack, and the outlet port is provided on the bottom surface of the fuel cell stack,
In the vicinity of the downstream side of the inlet of the air duct, there is a diffusing means for diffusing the streamline direction of the oxidizing gas flow,
The injection means is provided on the downstream side in the air guide passage, and the diffused oxidant gas flow is sent to the oxidant gas manifold together with water droplets injected from the injection means. . 2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the diffusing unit is a plate-like diffusing member that is provided in the air guide passage so as to cross the air guide passage and has a plurality of ventilation holes. The fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein the diffusion member is an assembly of wires. The fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein the diffusion member is a porous body.

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