JP5207495B2 - Electronic triage system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electronic triage system for performing triage performed in a situation where a large number of victims are generated at one time.

  Conventionally, in the situation where many victims occur at once, such as terrorism and large-scale disasters, an emergency lifesaving method called triage has been adopted to rescue more victims using limited medical resources. ing. Triage uses a paper triage tag as disclosed in Patent Document 1 below to classify victims into multiple categories according to the condition (condition) and symptoms of the victim. This is a technique to improve efficiency.

Further, in the disaster relief support system according to Patent Document 2 below, an IC built-in triage tag equipped with an IC tag is assigned to each victim at the time of disaster, and a medical worker writes the triage information to the built-in IC triage tag by writing. The information is recorded on the IC tag using a triage information terminal.
In the disaster relief support system according to Patent Document 2, the triage information recorded on the IC tag is transmitted to the rescue headquarters server via the satellite communication terminal or communication satellite via the triage information terminal, thereby being integrated into the rescue headquarters server. In addition, by providing a rescue instruction from the rescue headquarters to a rescue center, so-called top-down lifesaving measures are taken.

JP 2009-137047 A JP 2008-282218 A

  When the paper triage tag disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 is used, once the state (condition) and symptoms of the victim are classified into categories, the state of the victim is then determined unless the medical staff confirms again. There is a problem that it is impossible to grasp changes in symptoms and appropriate measures, and to identify the position of a victim who has a high transport priority. In addition, with respect to the IC built-in triage tag used in the disaster relief support system according to Patent Document 2, the triage information is updated unless the medical staff classifies the victim into a category and then confirms the state again. No changes were made to the patient's condition and symptoms, and appropriate measures could not be taken promptly.

  In the disaster relief support system according to Patent Document 2, the triage information is transmitted to the rescue headquarters server via a satellite communication terminal or a communication satellite, so that the usable range is limited to the outdoors. There was a problem that could not be handled. Further, if a position estimation technique using a communication satellite such as a so-called GPS (Global Positioning System) is adopted, it is possible to grasp the absolute position of each patient or medical worker. However, at the disaster site where the triage is conducted, it is better to know the relative position rather than to know the absolute position of each patient or medical worker. It is necessary to easily and quickly grasp the medical staff present in the hospital. Therefore, it has been demanded to provide a system capable of accurately grasping the relative positions of each patient and medical worker.

  In addition, medical staff not only record triage information by writing for each victim and record it on a triage tag with built-in IC using a triage information terminal, but also on a server on the rescue headquarters side via a communication satellite. There is a problem that it is necessary to perform a work such as transmission, and is forced to perform a complicated work at a disaster site or the like.

  In the disaster relief support system disclosed in Patent Document 2, a top-down emergency lifesaving system as described above is assumed. However, in emergency lifesaving, there are many cases where there are a plurality of medical teams that operate autonomously and distributedly under different command systems, and there is a possibility that it cannot be handled in such an environment. When multiple medical teams provide relief, there is a problem that it is difficult to share information on the patient's condition, the position of the victim, the position of the medical staff, etc., and to make use in emergency lifesaving activities.

  Therefore, the present invention provides an electronic triage system that can sequentially grasp information such as the state of a patient and a change in symptoms, the positions of a patient and a medical worker, and can share these information among medical workers. The purpose was to provide. In addition, the present invention makes it easy to start an electronic triage tag and to input information on the victim to the electronic triage tag, to improve the work efficiency of medical staff at the emergency lifesaving site, and to suppress work mistakes. Objective.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, an electronic triage system of the present invention is attached to a patient and is used for acquiring biological information of the patient, transmitting the biological information, and estimating a relative position between the patient and a medical worker. An electronic triage tag capable of transmitting and receiving information for position estimation to be used, and transmission and reception of information for position estimation that is carried by a medical worker and used to receive the biological information and to estimate the relative position between the medical worker and the patient. A medical staff terminal that can be implemented, and a base station that is disposed at a predetermined position and transmits / receives at least the position estimation information.

  The electronic triage tag, the medical staff terminal, and the base station are each configured as a node, and an ad hoc network in which the nodes are interconnected is constructed, the nodes are interconnected, and data can be transmitted and received between the nodes. To do. In addition, the biological information acquired and transmitted by each electronic triage tag is transmitted toward the nodes constituting the ad hoc network, and the biological information is received by the medical staff terminal, so that each patient's biological information is transmitted. The information can be confirmed at the medical staff terminal.

  The information for position estimation transmitted from each electronic triage tag forming each node and each medical worker terminal toward the node constituting the ad hoc network is received by the medical worker terminal. This indicates that the person's tag and the medical staff's terminal are within a narrow communication range (for example, within 10 m).

  Some or all of the nodes functioning as nodes in the ad hoc network can receive node specifying information transmitting / receiving unit capable of transmitting and receiving node specifying information for specifying the node, and node specifying information and reception time received by the node specifying information transmitting and receiving unit are adjacent nodes. And a data holding unit for saving as a table. This adjacent node table is a record showing a history of communication states with other nodes as the node moves, and by referring to this data, the relative positions of the nodes based on the position of the base station can be confirmed. .

  The electronic triage system of the present invention is provided with a server that functions as a node in an ad hoc network, and enables transmission and reception of data between the server and the electronic triage tag and the medical staff terminal by relaying the base station. The biological information acquired and transmitted in each electronic triage tag is transmitted to the server, so that the biological information of each victim can be managed by the server.

  In addition, since the position estimation information is collected by transmitting the position estimation information transmitted from each electronic triage tag and each medical worker terminal forming the node to the server, the position of the base station The relative positions of the nodes with respect to each other can be estimated in the server.

  Furthermore, the biological information managed by the server and the estimation result of the relative position of each node are distributed to each medical worker terminal, and each victim's biological information, and each The relative position between the patient and each medical worker can be confirmed.

  The base station has a retractable weight-like or columnar member that is housed in a reduced state in a recess formed inside the pedestal, and expands in use and protrudes into a weight-like or columnar member. The communication device is built in the base portion of the structure.

  In the electronic triage system of the present invention, when the medical worker carrying the medical worker terminal contacts the patient with the electronic triage tag attached, the information input to the medical worker terminal is It is desirable that the electronic triage tag is recorded through the human body of the victim.

  In addition, the electronic triage system of the present invention is preferably constructed by interconnecting nodes with an ad hoc network using a mesh topology.

  In the electronic triage system of the present invention, a condition determination criterion is set according to a case, and a condition determination unit that determines a condition corresponding to the biological information of the victim transmitted from the electronic triage tag is provided. Informing means for informing the result of the condition determination by the condition determining means can also be provided.

  In addition, multiple triage categories are set according to the degree of injury and sickness of the victim, and biological information is defined as the boundary value between the triage category with a mild degree of injury and sickness and the triage category with a severe degree of injury and sickness. It is advisable to set the condition criterion based on the value of.

  In the electronic triage system of the present invention, part or all of the functioning as a node in the ad hoc network may have a function of connecting to the Internet, and biometric information may be transmitted via the Internet.

  The electronic triage system of the present invention can receive biological information of the victim acquired by the electronic triage tag at the medical staff terminal, and can check the biological information of each sick person at the medical staff terminal. is there. In addition, a medical worker carrying a terminal for a medical worker can sequentially grasp the state and relative position of each patient with an electronic triage tag attached, and the state of the patient (conditions) Change) and a situational change in which the position of the victim changes, the medical staff can accurately grasp and take appropriate measures.

  In addition, by providing a server as an ad hoc network node, it is possible to collect and manage the status and relative position of each victim in a centralized manner by collecting the status and position estimation information of the victim transmitted from each node. It becomes possible. Furthermore, each medical worker can grasp the relative positional relationship between each patient and each medical worker along with the state of the patient, and is not limited to the so-called top-down command system, but is also autonomously distributed. Even in a situation where there are a plurality of medical teams that are active, it is possible to smoothly share information between each medical team and complement each other for emergency lifesaving activities.

  In addition, by installing a base station that functions as a node in an ad hoc network and can relay communication in an ad hoc network, the relative position of the patient or medical worker can be determined with higher accuracy based on the position of the base station. Is possible.

  In addition, information can be communicated between the medical staff terminal and the electronic triage tag through the human body of the patient, and the work efficiency related to triage can be further improved.

  Furthermore, by building an ad hoc network by interconnecting each node with a mesh topology, it is possible to perform information communication between each node in a multi-hop, while minimizing the communication distance of each node. It is possible to perform information communication smoothly with a remote node. Further, even if a communication failure occurs in some nodes, the damage caused by this can be minimized.

  By transmitting via the Internet, it is possible to obtain biometric information even at hospital and fire fighting terminals that do not constitute an ad hoc network. It is possible to share biometric information between the two and use it for lifesaving activities after being transported to the hospital.

It is explanatory drawing which shows notionally the electronic triage system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the electronic triage system shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows notionally the flow of the data in the electronic triage system shown in FIG. It is a figure explaining the relative position of a medical worker and a sick person. It is a figure explaining the derivation | leading-out method of position estimation data. It is explanatory drawing which shows notionally the mode of the human body communication performed between an electronic triage tag and the terminal for medical workers. It is a perspective view which shows an example of an electronic triage tag. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the terminal for medical workers. (A) is a perspective view which shows an example of a base station, (b) is sectional drawing of (a), (c) is sectional drawing which shows the state which folded the base station shown to (a), (b). is there. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the modification of the electronic triage system shown in FIG. (A)-(d) is a table | surface which shows the relationship between a case and biometric information, respectively. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of an electronic triage tag. It is a block diagram which shows the structure which concerns on the modification of an electronic triage tag, and an example of a charger.

  Next, an electronic triage system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The electronic triage system 10 supports the implementation of triage for victims in the triage post TP and the triage tent TT provided in the field where emergency lifesaving activities are performed, and the medical staff's rescue activities.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the electronic triage system 10 includes an electronic triage tag 20, a medical staff terminal 30, a base station 40, and a server 50, and constructs an ad hoc network N configured with these as nodes. Is formed.

  The electronic triage tag 20 is a terminal that is attached to a victim when performing a triage in a field where emergency lifesaving activities are performed. The electronic triage tag 20 can be attached to an appropriate place such as a fingertip or arm of a victim. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, for example, the electronic triage tag 20 may have a clip portion 20b that can sandwich a fingertip at the tip portion of the main body 20a.

  As illustrated in FIG. 2, the electronic triage tag 20 includes a biological information acquisition unit 22, a transmission / reception unit 24 (node identification information transmission / reception unit), a data holding unit 26, and a human body communication unit 28. The biometric information acquisition unit 22 is configured by a sensor for acquiring biometric information (vital sign) of the patient with the electronic triage tag 20 attached thereto.

  The electronic triage tag 20 shown in FIG. 7 is configured such that the sensor that forms the biometric information acquisition unit 22 comes into contact with the fingertip by sandwiching the fingertip of the victim in the clip portion 20b. The biological information acquisition unit 22 can acquire biological information such as a pulse rate, blood pressure, and blood oxygen concentration. The biometric information acquisition unit 22 can acquire biometric information at predetermined intervals, for example, every second. Therefore, by monitoring the biological information acquired by the biological information acquisition unit 22, it is possible to grasp the change in the biological information of the victim one by one. Further, the electronic triage tag 20 can acquire and transmit biological information such as respiration and pulse in the form of detailed waveform information according to instructions from the server 50 and the medical staff terminal 30. Therefore, detailed biological information of the victim who is thought to have worsened the medical condition can be collected on the server 50 or the medical staff terminal 30 side.

  The transmission / reception unit 24 has a communication function for causing the electronic triage tag 20 to function as a node. The electronic triage tag 20 converts the biometric information acquired by the biometric information acquisition unit 22 into data in which a node ID and transmission date / time data unique to each electronic triage tag 20 are added, in the form of packet data (hereinafter referred to as “vital sign packet”). (Also referred to as BP).

  As shown in FIG. 3, the vital sign packet BP is transmitted via the ad hoc network N, and transmitted toward the server 50 via the base station 40 serving as a relay point. The vital sign packet BP is stored on the server 50 side as will be described in detail later.

  In addition to the transmission / reception of the vital sign packet BP described above, the transmission / reception unit 24 also has a function of transmitting / receiving position estimation information for use in estimating the position of the victim. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, as part of the position estimation information, data in which the node ID and transmission time associated with each electronic triage tag 20 are integrated (hereinafter also referred to as “Hello packet” HP). Can be sent. That is, the electronic triage tag 20 can transmit and receive two types of packets, the vital sign packet BP and the Hello packet HP, via the transmission / reception unit 24.

  The electronic triage tag 20 can transmit and receive the vital sign packet BP and the Hello packet HP at different timings or simultaneously. The Hello packet HP is transmitted as packet data different from the above-described biological information. The Hello packet HP is transmitted toward the server 50 via the base station 40 and also transmitted to other electronic triage tags 20 existing in the vicinity.

  Here, when a Hello packet HP transmitted from a node such as another adjacent electronic triage tag 20 is received by the electronic triage tag 20, another node that is a source of this Hello packet HP transmits and receives packets. It shows that it exists in a narrow range where it can be done and is in a close positional relationship.

  When the Hello packet HP transmitted from another node is received by the transmission / reception unit 24, the node ID and the transmission time included in the received Hello packet HP are stored in the data holding unit 26 as the adjacent node table NT. Further, the adjacent node table NT is transmitted via the transmission / reception unit 24 as position estimation information in the same manner as the Hello packet HP.

  The adjacent node table held in the data holding unit is an electronic triage tag attached to a victim who exists within the narrow communication range of the portable terminal of the medical worker accompanying the movement of the medical worker during the rescue operation. A history of communication with the node is shown. Therefore, by referring to at least the node table held in the data holding unit of the medical worker terminal, information on the relative position of the patient present in the vicinity of the medical worker carrying the medical worker terminal. Can be derived.

  The relative position information will be described with reference to FIG. 4 (a) and 4 (b), F is a medical worker carrying a terminal for medical workers, X and Y are victims equipped with an electronic triage tag in which triage is performed, and arrows in the figure are medical workers. Shows the movement of the person F, t1 to t3 are the time when moving to the position, the circle is the electronic triage tag attached to the victim X and Y, and the communication range of the terminal carried by the medical staff (for example, radius 10 m) Is shown. In addition, a sick person shall not move between t1-t3.

  Referring to the adjacent node table recorded in the data holding unit of the terminal carried by the medical staff F, the communication with the electronic triage tag attached to the victim X is recorded at time t1, and the victim X is recorded at time t2. It is confirmed that communication with the electronic triage tag attached to the victim Y is recorded together with communication with the attached electronic triage tag. From this record, as shown in FIG. 4B, at time t1 and time t2, two circles indicating the communication range (for example, a radius of 10 m) of the terminal carried by the medical worker F is limited. It can be confirmed that it exists in the area. In this example, the patient Y is present in an area within 10 m around the medical worker F. If the transition of records in the adjacent node table accompanying further movement of F is referred to, the injured person Y It can be limited.

  In this way, the medical worker displays the relative position information derived by referring to the adjacent node table of the data holding unit on the display unit of the portable terminal, thereby determining the relative position of the medical worker and the surrounding victim. Can be confirmed. An example of the display mode as the relative position information with respect to the display unit of the terminal is shown in FIG. 4B, but is not limited thereto. For example, it is obvious that the relative position confirmation information can be obtained by displaying a list of the adjacent node table every moment.

  The transmission / reception unit 24 can transmit / receive the vital sign packet BP, the Hello packet HP, and the adjacent node table NT by multi-hop data communication. The transmission / reception unit 24 has a function of avoiding a collision between data by autonomously adjusting a transmission interval while considering a transmission state of data in other nodes existing in the vicinity.

  In addition to the above-described adjacent node table, the data holding unit 26 can record information related to the victim to which the electronic triage tag 20 is attached (hereinafter also referred to as “patient related information”). Specifically, the data holding unit 26 can record information such as the triage category determined by the judgment of the medical staff and the name of the victim.

  The human body communication unit 28 is a part provided to perform information communication with the medical staff terminal 30 described in detail later. The human body communication unit 28 is brought into conduction with the human body communication unit 38 provided on the medical worker terminal 30 side through the human body of the patient or medical worker to which the electronic triage tag 20 is attached, and the medical worker Information communication with the terminal 30 is enabled.

  The electronic triage tag 20 can record information received from the medical staff terminal 30 in the human body communication unit 28 in the data holding unit 26 as victim related information. Further, the electronic triage tag 20 can output the patient related information recorded in the data holding unit 26 toward the medical staff terminal 30 side via the human body communication unit 28.

  The medical worker terminal 30 is a terminal carried by a medical worker who performs emergency lifesaving activities. The medical staff terminal 30 may be anything as long as it is portable. For example, a terminal having a shape as shown in FIG. 8 can be adopted. The medical staff terminal 30 functions as a node of the ad hoc network N in the same manner as the electronic triage tag 20 described above. As shown in FIG. 2, the medical staff terminal 30 includes a display unit 32, a transmission / reception unit 34 (node identification information transmission / reception unit), an input unit 35, a data holding unit 36, and a human body communication unit 38.

  The display unit 32 is configured by a display function such as a conventionally known liquid crystal screen. In the medical staff terminal 30 employed in the present embodiment, a GUI (Graphical User Interface) such as a touch panel type is employed as a user interface, and a configuration in which necessary information can be input and displayed as appropriate using the GUI. Has been.

  The transmission / reception unit 34 has a communication function for causing the medical staff terminal 30 to function as a node, and is built in the main body 30 a of the medical staff terminal 30. The medical staff terminal 30 can freely access the server 50 via the transmission / reception unit 34 and the ad hoc network N. Therefore, when the medical staff terminal 30 accesses the server 50, the vital sign packet BP distributed from the server 50 and data relating to the position estimation result of each node to be described later (hereinafter referred to as “position estimation data”). (Also referred to as LD).

  The medical staff terminal 30 can transmit and receive the position estimation information for use in estimating the position of the medical staff via the transmission / reception unit 34. In the present embodiment, as a part of the position estimation information, data (hereinafter also referred to as “Hello packet” HP) in which the node ID and the transmission time associated with each medical staff terminal 30 are integrated is used as the transmission / reception unit 34. Are sent and received via When the Hello packet HP transmitted from another node is received by the transmission / reception unit 34, the node ID and the transmission time included in the received Hello packet HP are stored in the data holding unit 36 as the adjacent node table NT. Saved. The adjacent node table NT stored in the data holding unit 36 is used as position estimation information similar to the Hello packet HP, and is transmitted from the transmission / reception unit 34.

  The transmission / reception unit 34 can transmit and receive data such as a Hello packet HP by multi-hop data communication, similarly to the transmission / reception unit 24 described above. The transmission / reception unit 34 can adjust the transmission interval autonomously in consideration of the transmission state of data in other nodes existing in the vicinity, and can avoid collision of data.

  The input unit 35 is provided to input data by the operation of a medical staff, and can input information related to a patient such as a category of triage and the name of the patient. As shown in FIG. 8, the input unit 35 is a mechanical unit such as a button 30 b provided on the main body 30 a of the medical staff terminal 30, or a button (not shown) displayed on the display unit 32. It is possible to configure.

  The human body communication unit 38 is a part provided for performing information communication by human body communication with the electronic triage tag 20 described above. Specifically, the human body communication unit 38 can generate a weak current. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the patient and the medical worker are both grounded (grounded) and at the same potential. Therefore, when a weak current is generated from the human body communication unit 38 in a state where the medical worker touches the patient's body, the closed circuit CC including the human body and the ground of the patient and the medical worker as shown by a solid line in FIG. Is formed, and the human body communication unit 28 on the electronic triage tag 20 side and the human body communication unit 38 of the medical worker terminal 30 are in a conductive state through the human body of the patient or medical worker so that information communication is possible. .

  The medical staff terminal 30 can display the patient-related information on the display unit 32 based on the vital sign packet BP acquired through the human body communication unit 38 or the transmission / reception unit 34. Therefore, by referring to the display unit 32, the medical worker can determine the victim related information such as the category of triage given to the victim and the name of the victim. Specifically, it is possible to display biological information such as a patient's pulse rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen concentration, etc. as numerical values, or to display a transition of biological information in a graph. In addition, the medical staff terminal 30 can update the display content of the biometric information at predetermined timings or cycles such as the timing at which the vital sign packet BP is acquired or at predetermined time intervals. Therefore, by referring to the display unit 32, the medical staff can grasp the state of the patient's state change that changes every moment in real time.

  Further, the medical staff terminal 30 displays the positions of nodes such as the electronic triage tag 20, the medical staff terminal 30, and the base station 40 on the display section 32 based on the position estimation data LD received by the transmission / reception section 34. it can. Therefore, the medical staff can smoothly go to the intended victim and perform emergency lifesaving activities depending on the position of the electronic triage tag 20 or the like displayed on the display unit 32.

  The base station 40 exhibits a function as a router in the ad hoc network N, and also functions as a reference position setting unit that defines a position serving as a reference when performing position estimation in the server 50. The base station 40 is installed in units of a triage post TP and a triage tent TT provided at a site where emergency lifesaving activities are performed. In the example shown in FIG. 1, base stations 40 are installed at the four corners of the area constituting the triage post, and each of the three triage tents TT (hereinafter also referred to as triage tents TT1, TT2, and TT3) is provided. Base stations 40 are installed at the four corners. As shown in FIG. 1, when the triage tents TT1 to TT3 are provided side by side, the base station 40 can be shared at the boundary between the triage tents TT1 and TT2 and at the boundary between the triage tents TT2 and TT3. When any one or all of the triage tents TT1 to TT3 are installed at a remote location, one or a plurality of base stations 40 are arranged for each triage tent TT1 to TT3.

  Although the base station 40 may be of any form, it functions as the reference position setting means as described above, and therefore, as shown in FIG. It is desirable that it can be installed in a stable state, such as a pole type (columnar). In addition, the base station 40 is preferably one that can be easily brought in and installed at a site where a lifesaving emergency operation is performed. For example, it is desirable that the base station 40 can be folded or stretched. From these viewpoints, in this embodiment, the base station 40 has a pedestal 40a and an extendable / contractible part 40b as shown in FIG. 9 (a). As shown in FIG. 9, it is accommodated in the pedestal 40 a, and when the extendable part 40 b is extended, a cone shape is adopted as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B.

  The base station 40 includes a transmission / reception unit 44 (node identification information transmission / reception unit) and a data holding unit 46 in addition to the pedestal 40a and the expansion / contraction unit 40b described above (see FIG. 2). The transmission / reception unit 44 is a part that exhibits a communication function for causing the base station 40 to function as a node, like the transmission / reception units 24 and 34 of the electronic triage tag 20 and the medical staff terminal 30 described above. The base station 40 can transmit and receive position estimation information for use in position estimation via the transmission / reception unit 44. In the present embodiment, as the position estimation information, data (Hello packet HP) formed by integrating the node ID and the transmission time is another electronic triage tag 20 or a medical staff terminal 30 existing in the vicinity. It is transmitted toward the base station 40 or the like. In addition, when a Hello packet HP transmitted from another node is received by the transmission / reception unit 44 of the base station 40, the node ID and transmission time included in the received Hello packet HP are stored as the adjacent node table NT. Stored in the department. The adjacent node table NT is transmitted via the transmission / reception unit 44 as position estimation information, similarly to the above-described Hello packet. The transmission / reception unit 44 is capable of multi-hop data communication, and autonomously adjusts the transmission interval in consideration of the data transmission state in other nodes existing in the vicinity, thereby avoiding collision between data. Is possible.

  The server 50 is installed at a headquarters or the like that is set up when performing emergency lifesaving activities. The server 50 can be configured by a conventionally known personal computer or the like. The server 50 can be constituted by a so-called desktop type or notebook type (laptop type) personal computer. However, in consideration of the use at an emergency lifesaving site, the server 50 is constituted by a notebook type personal computer that can be driven by a battery. It is desirable. As shown in FIG. 1, the server 50 is one that functions as a node in the ad hoc network N, like the electronic triage tag 20, the medical staff terminal 30, and the base station 40 described above. The server 50 has a function of estimating the position of each node in addition to a function of receiving and distributing data received from other nodes.

  Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the server 50 includes a communication unit 52 (node identification information transmission / reception unit), a position estimation unit 54, a display unit 56, and a vital sign management unit 58. The server 50 receives the position estimation information (Hello packet HP) and the adjacent node table NT transmitted from the electronic triage tag 20, the medical staff terminal 30, and the base station 40 over the ad hoc network N by the communication unit 52. be able to. Further, the server 50 can receive a vital sign packet BP transmitted from the electronic triage tag 20. The vital sign packet BP received by the server 50 is recorded and managed by the vital sign management unit 58 and distributed to each medical staff terminal 30 via the ad hoc network N.

  Further, the position estimation unit 54 determines the relative positions of the electronic triage tags 20 (patients), the medical worker terminal 30 (medical workers), and the base station 40 based on the Hello packet HP received by the communication unit 52. Has a function to estimate. Specifically, the position estimation unit 54 is adjacent to each electronic triage tag 20 based on the Hello packet HP transmitted from each electronic triage tag 20, the medical professional terminal 30, and the base station 40 and the adjacent node table NT. The presence of other electronic triage tags 20, medical staff terminals 30, and base stations 40 in the position is confirmed, and based on the results, each electronic triage tag 20 (patient) and medical staff terminal 30 (medical staff) ) And estimating the relative position of the base station 40.

  An example of the technique in the estimation unit will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, A, B, and C are base stations, M and F are medical workers who carry terminals for medical workers, X and Y are victims who have been triaged, and arrows and times t1 to t4 are shown. Is the same as FIG.

  Here, the mutual communicable ranges of the electronic triage tag attached to the patient, the medical worker terminal carried by the medical worker, and the base station are within a radius of 10 m. In addition, it is assumed that the injured persons X and Y do not move within the following times t1 to t4.

  In the figure, when a medical worker F starts a rescue operation at the site and the terminal carried by F reaches a position within a communicable range within 10 m from the base station A at time t1, position estimation information transmitted by A is displayed. By receiving, the node specifying information of A and the reception time (position estimation information) are recorded in the data holding unit as an adjacent node table. Next, when F reaches a position within 10 m from the victim X at time t2, the position estimation information transmitted by the electronic triage tag attached to the victim X is received, and similarly recorded as an adjacent node table in the data holding unit. Is done.

  Further, at time t2, the medical worker M also starts a rescue operation, and when reaching a position within 10 m from the victim Y, by receiving the position estimation information transmitted by the electronic triage tag attached to Y, In the same manner as above, it is recorded in the data holding unit of the terminal carried by M. Similarly, at time t3, the position estimation information transmitted by the terminal of M when F reaches within 10 m from M during the rescue operation is recorded on the terminal of the medical worker F. At the same time, the medical worker M The position estimation information transmitted from the F terminal is also recorded in the terminal.

  At time t4, when F reaches a position within 10 m from the base station B, the position estimation information transmitted by B is recorded in the terminal of F. Similarly, M reaches a position within 10 m from the victim X. Thus, the position estimation information transmitted by X to the M terminals is recorded.

  In this way, the adjacent node table that records the position estimation information received by each node from each node is transmitted to the server and collected by the server. The server refers to the absolute position of the base station and the data of the aggregated adjacent node table, and data indicating that the server is located at a predetermined distance (10 m in the above example) from the same transmission source (node) at the same time, and Based on the fact that the injured person does not move, the path of movement and the positions of the injured persons X and Y immediately before the medical workers F and M as shown in FIG. 5 are derived.

  Part or all of the data (position estimation data LD) indicating the position estimation result derived in this way is distributed to each medical staff terminal 30 via the ad hoc network N.

  The example shown in FIG. 5 shows the case where the base station is provided, but the accuracy shown in FIG. 4 is obtained even when the base station is not provided or there is no communication record with the base station. Within the range, it is possible to grasp the relative positions of each medical worker and each patient.

  FIG. 5 shows an example of the position estimation data LD derived and distributed by the server, but is not limited to this.

  Then, operation | movement of the electronic triage system 10 mentioned above is demonstrated according to the usage condition in an emergency lifesaving field. The triage of the victims performed at the emergency life-saving site is roughly divided into three stages, that is, the victim transport stage according to Step 1, the primary triage stage according to Step 2, and the secondary triage stage according to Step 3. When a large-scale disaster or the like occurs, the victim is transported and categorized according to the order of Step 1 to Step 3, and then sequentially transported to a medical institution.

  Specifically, in the victim transport stage according to Step 1, victims caused by terrorism or large-scale disasters are transported from the disaster site to the triage post TP. In the primary triage stage according to step 2, the victim is triaged and classified into a plurality of categories according to the state. In the electronic triage system 10 of this embodiment, in the primary triage stage, the electronic triage tag 20 is first attached to each patient present in the area of the triage post TP. Thereafter, when the power supply of the electronic triage tag 20 is turned on, the biological information acquisition unit 22 can acquire the patient's biological information, the information communication via the transmission / reception unit 24, and the like. As a result, information such as the category of triage given to each victim, the status of the victim, and the position estimation information is transmitted and received, and the server 50 can be managed in a unified manner.

  More specifically, the electronic triage tag 20 starts to function as a node of the ad hoc network N when the power is turned on. In addition, the biological information acquisition unit 22 is activated, and biological information such as the pulse rate, blood pressure, and blood oxygen concentration of the victim is acquired. The biological information is acquired intermittently or continuously in the biological information acquisition unit 22. More specifically, the biometric information acquisition unit 22 performs biometric information in addition to an operation in an operation mode (hereinafter also referred to as “intermittent mode”) in which biometric information is acquired at predetermined intervals, such as every second. The operation in an operation mode (hereinafter also referred to as “continuous mode”) for continuously acquiring the image is possible. The operation mode of the biometric information acquisition unit 22 can be appropriately switched by giving a command via the ad hoc network N. The electronic triage tag 20 according to the present embodiment is an electronic triage tag 20 attached to a victim who has suffered a need to monitor biological information intensively, such as a victim whose state (condition) has suddenly changed. By giving a command to the triage tag 20 from the server 50 or the like, the operation mode of the biological information acquisition unit 22 can be switched from the intermittent mode to the continuous mode.

  The biometric information acquired from the patient is in the form of a vital sign packet BP by adding data about the date and time when the biometric information is acquired to the electronic triage tag 20, and is transmitted from the transmission / reception unit 24. . The transmission cycle of the vital sign packet BP is switched according to the operation mode of the biological information acquisition unit 22 described above. Specifically, when the biological information acquisition unit 22 operates in the intermittent mode, the vital sign packet BP is transmitted at a cycle similar to the biological information acquisition cycle, for example, every second. Further, when the biometric information acquisition unit 22 operates in the continuous mode, the vital sign packet BP is continuously transmitted. The vital sign packet BP transmitted from the transmission / reception unit 24 reaches the server 50 via the ad hoc network N. Thereafter, the vital sign packet BP is recorded in the vital sign management unit 58 of the server 50. In addition, the vital sign packet BP is distributed on the ad hoc network N via the communication unit 52 of the server 50 and is ready to be received by the medical staff terminal 30. When the vital sign packet BP is received at the medical staff terminal 30, the state of each victim is displayed on the display unit 32. In the present embodiment, when the biological information acquisition unit 22 of the electronic triage tag 20 is operating in the intermittent mode, the biological information of each victim can be displayed numerically on the display unit 32 and is operating in the continuous mode. In some cases, it is possible to display biological information using a graph.

  After the power supply of the electronic triage tag 20 is turned on, when a medical worker carrying the medical staff terminal 30 contacts the patient, the medical worker, the human body of the patient, the human body communication unit 28, Data communication (human body communication) can be performed via the communication unit 38. In a state where human body communication is possible, when information related to a victim such as a category of triage or a victim's name is input via the input unit 35 of the medical staff terminal 30, the patient-related information is displayed as a medical worker or a victim. Is transmitted from the medical staff terminal 30 side to the electronic triage tag 20 side via the human body and recorded in the data holding unit 26.

  When the electronic triage tag 20, the medical staff terminal 30, and the base station 40 are powered on, Hello packets are transmitted / received intermittently or continuously via the transmitting / receiving units 24, 34, 44. Further, based on the Hello packet received through the transmission / reception units 24, 34, 44, the adjacent node table NT is constructed in the data holding units 26, 37, 46 of the electronic triage tag 20, the medical staff terminal 30, and the base station 40. Is done. The adjacent node table NT constructed in the data holding units 26, 37, and 46 is transmitted via the transmission / reception units 24, 34, and 44 as position estimation information in the same manner as the above-described Hello packet. When the Hello packet and the adjacent node table NT are received by the server 50, the position estimation unit 54 performs position estimation of each node, that is, the electronic triage tag 20, the medical staff terminal 30, and the base station 40 based on these data. Thus, position estimation data LD indicating the relative position of each node is derived. The position estimation data LD is distributed on the ad hoc network N via the communication unit 52 of the server 50 and is in a state where it can be received by the medical staff terminal 30.

  When the position estimation data LD distributed from the server 50 as described above is received by the medical staff terminal 30, the relative positions of the electronic triage tag 20, the medical staff terminal 30, and the base station 40 are displayed on the display unit. 32. Therefore, by referring to the display unit 32 of the terminal 30 for medical workers, it becomes possible to grasp the relative position information of each patient and medical worker based on the position of the base station 40. In addition, the vital sign packet BP distributed from the server 50 is received by the medical staff terminal 30, and the biometric information of each victim can be displayed on the display unit 32. Therefore, the medical staff can accurately perform emergency lifesaving measures based on the position information and the biological information displayed on the display unit 32 of the medical staff terminal 30.

  The victim who has completed the treatment in the primary triage stage according to step 2 as described above is transferred to the triage tent TT set up for each triage category in the secondary triage stage according to step 3. In the secondary triage stage, they are transported to medical institutions in order from those with the highest priority for emergency lifesaving. Specifically, a victim who has received treatment such as attachment of the electronic triage tag 20 or triage category classification in the primary triage stage is transferred to a triage tent TT (TT1 to TT3) provided for each category. . The movement of the victim at this time can be grasped by estimating the position on the server 50 side based on the Hello packet transmitted from the electronic triage tag 20 as needed or the adjacent node table NT. Further, the state of the victim can be grasped at any time on the server 50 side based on the vital sign packet BP transmitted from the electronic triage tag 20. Therefore, the relative position information and biological information of each victim can be centrally managed on the server 50 side without interruption from the primary triage stage to the secondary triage stage. Further, also in the secondary triage stage, the vital sign packet BP and position estimation data LD for each victim are continuously transmitted from the server 50. Accordingly, it is possible for the medical staff terminal 30 to grasp the status of transporting the victim to each triage tent TT, the biological information of the victim, and the relative position information.

  The electronic triage tag 20 described above can acquire the pulse rate, blood pressure, and blood oxygen concentration as biological information, but the present invention is not limited to this, and it acquires biological information different from these. It may be possible. Specifically, the electronic triage tag 20 may be capable of acquiring biological information different from the pulse rate, blood pressure, and blood oxygen concentration, such as the respiratory rate and uric acid level.

  Further, even in the secondary triage stage, it is possible to switch the operation mode of the biometric information acquisition unit 22 in the electronic triage tag 20 attached to each victim by a command from the server 50 side. Therefore, when it is confirmed on the server 50 side that the patient (the condition) suddenly changes in the secondary triage stage, and it is confirmed on the server 50 side that the biological information must be monitored intensively, the patient is attached to the patient. A command for switching the operation mode of the biological information acquisition unit 22 to the continuous mode is transmitted toward the electronic triage tag 20. As a result, the biological information is continuously transmitted from the electronic triage tag 20 attached to the victim to the server 50, and the state change of the victim can be grasped in real time using a graph or the like.

  When each victim is transported to each triage tent TT, the victim is transported to a medical institution in order from the victim present in the triage tent TT corresponding to the category with a high priority of emergency lifesaving. The order of transporting the victims in each triage tent TT is determined based on the order in which urgent life-saving measures are required. Specifically, the order of transporting the victims present in each triage tent TT is centrally managed in the server 50 and is based on the biological information of each victim displayed on the display unit 32 of the medical staff terminal 30. Determined.

  Further, the relative position of the victim (electronic triage tag 20) to be transported is displayed on the display unit 32 of the medical staff terminal 30 based on the position estimation data LD. Thereby, it becomes possible to quickly grasp the position of the victim to be transported. Further, when the medical worker carrying the medical staff terminal 30 contacts the patient when transported, the human body communication with the electronic triage tag 20 is possible. Accordingly, the Hello packet HP transmitted from the electronic triage tag 20 attached to the victim to be transported is received by the medical staff terminal 30, and the victim's name, triage category, biological information, etc. Person-related information is displayed on the display unit 32. Therefore, it is possible to easily confirm whether or not the victim to be transported is a person to be transported by checking the display unit 32 when transporting the sick or disabled.

  Further, in the electronic triage system 10 of the present embodiment, the server 50 or the medical staff terminal 30 confirms in real time changes in the state and position of the victim after being transferred to the triage tent TT in the secondary triage stage. Can do. Therefore, even when a patient whose condition has suddenly changed occurs, the patient's condition becomes a condition that requires a triage category change or a condition that requires emergency transportation to a medical institution. In addition, this state change can be quickly grasped and appropriate measures can be taken.

  As described above, in the electronic triage system 10 of the present embodiment, the victim's biometric information and position estimation information acquired by the electronic triage tag 20 via the ad hoc network N are the vital sign packet BP, Hello packet, adjacent In the form of the node table NT, it is collected in the server 50 and managed in an integrated manner. In addition, based on the position estimation information collected in the server 50, the position estimation unit 54 estimates the relative positions of each patient and medical worker. Furthermore, the vital sign packet BP including the biological information of each victim and the position estimation data LD indicating the position estimation result in the position estimation unit 54 are distributed via the ad hoc network N and can be referred to at each medical staff terminal 30. It is said. Therefore, according to the electronic triage system 10 of the present embodiment, the server 50 side not only centrally manages information on the state of the victim and the relative position of the victim with each electronic triage tag 20 attached, but also this information. It is possible for each medical worker dispatched to the triage post TP or the triage tent TT to sequentially grasp the emergency lifesaving activities quickly and efficiently.

  Further, in the electronic triage system 10 of the present embodiment, by referring to the medical worker terminal 30, not only the location and relative position of each patient but also the location of other medical workers and other medical workers It is also possible to grasp the relative positional relationship. Therefore, according to the electronic triage system 10 of the present embodiment, even in a situation where there are a plurality of medical teams that operate autonomously and distributedly under different command systems, information sharing and emergency lifesaving among the medical teams are possible. It will be possible to complement each other smoothly.

  In the electronic triage system 10 described above, the base station 40 is installed at the four corners of the triage post TP and the triage tent TT (TT1 to TT3). The relative positional relationship of the medical staff carrying the medical staff terminal 30 can be grasped. Therefore, if the above-described base station 40 is provided, it is possible to grasp the relative position of the patient or medical worker with higher accuracy. In the above embodiment, the configuration in which the base stations 40 are installed at the four corners for all of the triage post TP and each of the triage tents TT (TT1 to TT3) is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the triage The base station 40 may not be installed for any or all of the post TP and each triage tent TT. The base station 40 is not limited to the four corners of the triage post TP and the triage tent TT, and may be installed in other places.

  Further, the number of installed base stations 40 is not limited to the number shown in the above embodiment, and can be increased or decreased as appropriate. If more base stations 40 than those shown in the above embodiment are installed, the relative position of the patient with the electronic triage tag 20 or the medical worker carrying the medical worker terminal 30 is estimated. This will further increase the standard for performing the operation, further improve the position estimation accuracy, and enable quick and accurate emergency lifesaving activities. Therefore, by increasing the number of base stations 40, the number of victims is extremely large, or even in a situation where high processing capability is required, such as when the area of the triage post TP or the triage tent TT is wide, it can be accurately performed. It becomes possible to respond. Further, if the number of base stations 40 installed is less than that shown in the above-described embodiment, it is possible to reduce the effort required for using the electronic triage system 10 at the disaster site.

  As described above, the electronic triage tag 20, the medical staff terminal 30, and the base station 40 that function as nodes in the ad hoc network N are provided with transmission / reception units 24, 34, and 44, respectively, through which the Hello packet HP is provided. (Node identification information) can be transmitted and received. The electronic triage tag 20, the medical staff terminal 30, and the base station 40 include data holding units 26, 36, and 46, and are included in the Hello packet HP received by the transmitting / receiving units 24, 34, and 44. The node ID and the transmission time can be stored as the adjacent node table NT and transmitted / received to / from the server 50. Therefore, by referring to the adjacent node table NT transmitted from each node to the server 50, other nodes existing within the range in which data communication with the node can be grasped, and the relative position of each node can be easily and accurately determined. Can be estimated.

  The electronic triage system 10 described above is based on the Hello packet HP and the adjacent node table NT transmitted from each node, that is, the electronic triage tag 20, the medical staff terminal 30, and the base station 40 and received by the server 50. Although the relative position of each node is estimated at 54, the present invention is not limited to this. Specifically, a function corresponding to the position estimation unit 54 may be performed by another terminal such as the medical staff terminal 30 instead of the server 50.

  In the electronic triage system 10 described above, the relative position of each node can be grasped based on the position estimation data transmitted from the server 50. However, the present invention is not limited to this. A configuration may be adopted in which the absolute position can be grasped using a position estimation technique using a communication satellite such as GPS for some or all of the nodes. In the case of such a configuration, it becomes possible to more accurately grasp the positions of each patient and medical worker.

  The electronic triage system 10 according to the present embodiment is configured so that a medical worker carrying the medical worker terminal 30 contacts a patient with an electronic triage tag 20 attached to the electronic triage tag 20 and the medical worker. The terminal 30 is in an electrically conductive state through the human body of the patient or medical worker, and is ready for data communication by human body communication. In this way, the electronic triage system 10 can be used to operate the electronic triage tag 20 for power supply or electronic triage tag simply by performing the action that is naturally performed in the emergency lifesaving activity, in which a medical worker touches the human body of the victim. 20 and the medical staff terminal 30 can be transmitted and received, and the labor required for a series of operations can be greatly simplified. In the above-described embodiment, the example in which human body communication can be performed by utilizing the fact that a medical worker contacts the patient and becomes conductive is used, but the present invention is not limited to this. It is good also as a structure which cannot implement human body communication.

  The electronic triage tag 20 is not limited to the one that can be turned on / off by, for example, a button-type switch, and can be turned on / off using the above-described principle of human body communication. It may be a thing. Specifically, as described above, the electronic triage system 10 has a closed circuit CC including the human body and the ground of the patient and medical worker as shown by a solid line in FIG. Using the fact that the human body communication unit 28 on the electronic triage tag 20 side and the human body communication unit 38 of the medical staff terminal 30 are connected to each other through the human body so as to be able to communicate information, the power supply of the electronic triage tag 20 It is possible to make it the structure which can be operated. With such a configuration, when the power supply of the electronic triage tag 20 is in an off state, a weak current is generated in the human body communication unit 38 while the medical worker is in contact with the patient and the electronic triage tag 20 It becomes possible to switch the power source of the power source to the on state, and it is possible to further improve the work efficiency at the disaster site.

  In the said embodiment, although the example in which all the provided electronic triage tags 20, the medical staff terminal 30, and the base station 40 function as a node in the ad hoc network N was illustrated, this invention is limited to this. Instead, some of them may not be used as nodes. Specifically, a part of the electronic triage tag 20 or the medical staff terminal 30 may not function as a node and may function as a local terminal that is not connected to the ad hoc network N.

  As described above, the electronic triage system 10 constructs the ad hoc network N by interconnecting the nodes with a mesh topology. Therefore, in the electronic triage system 10, information communication can be performed directly and smoothly between each electronic triage tag 20, the medical staff terminal 30, the base station 40, and the server 50 that form nodes. Further, in the electronic triage system 10, it is possible to perform information communication by multi-hop between each node, and transmission of data in other nodes existing in the vicinity while minimizing the communication distance of each node. It is configured such that information can be smoothly communicated with a remote node by autonomously adjusting the transmission interval according to the state. Furthermore, since the electronic triage system 10 employs a mesh topology, even if a communication failure occurs in some nodes, the damage caused to the entire electronic triage system 10 can be minimized. Therefore, if the ad hoc network N based on the mesh topology is constructed as described above, it is possible to provide the highly stable electronic triage system 10 that is less likely to cause a communication failure.

  As described above, the electronic triage system 10 is installed in the electronic triage tag 20 attached to each victim, the medical worker terminal 30 carried by the medical worker involved in emergency lifesaving, the triage tent TT, and the triage post TP. Since the base station 40 or the like that functions as a node operates using a battery as a power source and is constructed in an ad hoc manner, it can be used without having to construct a fixed facility in advance. In addition, the electronic triage system 10 constructs the ad hoc network N with a limited number of terminals such as the electronic triage tag 20, the medical staff terminal 30, and the base station 40, and it is necessary to construct a huge network. There is no. Therefore, the electronic triage system 10 does not require a large cost in order to adopt the mesh topology and construct the ad hoc network N.

  In the above embodiment, an example in which the ad hoc network N is constructed using a mesh topology has been illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to this. Specifically, the ad hoc network N may be constructed by a conventionally known bus topology, ring topology, star topology, or the like. The ad hoc network N may be constructed by combining a mesh topology, a bus topology, a ring topology, a star topology, and the like.

  The above-described electronic triage system 10 constructs an ad hoc network N in a disaster area, but a part of what functions as a node such as the electronic triage tag 20, the medical staff terminal 30, the base station 40, the server 50, or the like. It may be provided with a function capable of data communication by connecting all to the Internet and a function of mutual communication between nodes such as Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity). By adopting such a configuration, the biometric information acquired by the electronic triage tag 20 can be communicated and shared between the nodes, and can be notified to a remote hospital or fire department via the Internet. Therefore, when the configuration as described above is adopted, the biometric information acquired by the electronic triage tag 20 can be notified to a hospital-side or fire-fighting-side terminal that does not constitute the ad hoc network N. It becomes possible to contribute to emergency lifesaving activities.

  The above-described electronic triage system 10 is capable of confirming and managing the biological information acquired from the victim by using the electronic triage tag 12 in the medical staff terminal 30 and the server 50. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is also possible to adopt a configuration further provided with condition determination means for determining the condition of the victim and the priority of the emergency lifesaving activity based on the biological information. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, a condition determination unit 60 is provided, and each wound condition is based on the biological information of each patient transmitted from the electronic triage tag 20 and a predetermined condition determination criterion. The condition of the person and the priority of the emergency lifesaving activity may be determined by the condition determination means 60. The condition determination means 60 only needs to be able to acquire biological information of each victim transmitted from the electronic triage tag 20. Specifically, the condition determination means 60 may be configured by a personal computer, a medical staff terminal 30, or the like that configures the server 50 described above, or may be configured by a dedicated terminal prepared separately.

  In the case where the condition determination means 60 is provided as described above, the condition determination criteria are a plurality of types of biological information included in the vital sign packet BP, that is, a part of values such as the pulse rate, blood pressure, and blood oxygen concentration. Alternatively, it can be defined by reference values for all. In the case of such a configuration, it may be specified that the condition determination criterion is satisfied on condition that all the biological information actually received from the victim side exceeds the above-described reference value in the direction in which the condition deteriorates. When defined in this way, the possibility of misjudging the victim's condition is low even if only a part of the biological information suddenly changes, and the accuracy of the judgment of the victim's condition is improved. It is possible to make it. Further, even in a part of the biological information received from the victim side, it may be defined that the above-described condition determination criterion is satisfied if the above-described reference value is exceeded in the direction in which the condition deteriorates. When the condition determination criteria are defined in this way, it is possible to quickly cope with the possibility that the patient's condition has changed in a worsening direction.

  In addition, the condition determination criterion may be defined based on the rate of change of the value of the biological information as well as the value of the biological information including the pulse rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen concentration, and the like. And the rate of change may be defined based on both. Specifically, the upper limit of the rate of change per unit time of the pulse rate, blood pressure, and blood oxygen concentration is set in advance, and when the change exceeding this upper limit is satisfied, the condition determination criteria described above are satisfied. It is also possible to specify. By defining the condition determination criteria in this way, it is possible to accurately grasp changes in the pulse rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen concentration, etc., and cope with sudden changes in the patient's condition.

  Further, in the case where the condition determining means 60 is provided as described above, the notifying means 62 is provided as shown in FIG. 10, and when the condition determining means 60 determines that a patient with a deteriorated condition has occurred, the notification means 62 is provided. It is desirable to be able to notify the effect. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to quickly and accurately notify the medical worker or the like of the patient whose condition has deteriorated, and appropriate measures can be taken. The notification means 62 can be configured by, for example, a personal computer constituting the server 50, the medical staff terminal 30, or the like. In addition, the notification unit 62 may be configured by a separately prepared terminal different from the server 50 and the medical staff terminal 30, or may be configured by the same terminal as the above-described body determination unit 60. In the case where the notification means 62 is configured by the server 50, when a victim whose condition has deteriorated occurs, biological information about the victim is displayed on the display unit 56 of the server 50 as a numerical value or a graph. It is possible to notify a medical worker who is present. Further, when the medical staff terminal 30 is used as the notification means 62, it should be dealt with promptly by a sudden change in the condition of the medical staff actually engaged in emergency lifesaving activities in the triage tent TT or the triage post TP. It is possible to notify the presence of a victim and contribute to more prompt and appropriate emergency lifesaving activities.

  The condition determination criteria used for determining the condition in the condition determination means 60 can be configured by the reference value for the biological information as described above, but is set by further considering the case causing the injury or illness. It is also possible. More specifically, the transition of the patient's condition (biological information) varies depending on the case. Specifically, as in cases 1 to 4 shown in FIGS. 11 (a) to 11 (d), when an epidural hematoma appears due to a falling object hitting the head directly, or an explosion fire There are different cases depending on the victim's damage situation, such as when suffering airway burns, when a piece of glass pierces the chest and becomes a bloody pneumothorax, or when crush syndrome occurs due to being pinched by a collapsed house Can be envisaged. As shown in FIGS. 11A to 11D, the biological information such as the pulse rate, the respiratory rate, the blood pressure, and the blood oxygen concentration has a different transition state for each case. Therefore, when determining the condition of the victim by the condition determination means 60, it is preferable to determine the condition by defining a condition determination criterion after taking into account the difference in the transition of biological information depending on the case.

  Therefore, in the case where the condition determination means 60 is provided, the condition determination reference is set in advance according to the assumed case, and the condition determination reference corresponding to the patient's case and the biological information transmitted from the electronic triage tag 20 ( Based on the vital sign packet BP), it is desirable that the patient's condition is determined. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to make an appropriate determination by the condition determination means 60 regarding the condition of the patient and the priority of the emergency lifesaving activity according to the case.

  The above-mentioned criteria for judging the condition include a triage category with a mild degree of injury or illness classified as a yellow tag or a green tag in a conventionally known triage method, and a triage category with a severe degree of injury or illness classified as a red tag. It is desirable to set the condition criterion based on values such as pulse rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen concentration, etc., which are defined as the boundary values. More specifically, condition determination is performed on the condition that some or all of values such as pulse rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen concentration, etc. acquired from the victim exceed the boundary values described above in the direction of deterioration. It may be determined that the standard has been reached. By defining the condition determination criteria in this manner, it is possible to make medical personnel know that the triage category assigned to the patient has been changed to a serious one based on the determination result by the condition determination means 60. It becomes.

  In addition, values such as the pulse rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen concentration, etc. in a state where the degree of injury or illness is assumed to be slightly milder than the boundary value described above are set as reference values and obtained from the patient. It is determined that the condition determination criteria have been reached on condition that some or all of the values such as pulse rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen concentration, etc. exceed the aforementioned reference values in the direction in which the condition deteriorates. Also good. By prescribing the condition criteria in this way, health care workers etc. will notice that the condition of the patient has deteriorated before the triage category assigned to the patient has changed from mild to severe. It becomes possible to make it.

  As described above, it is desirable for the electronic triage system 10 to determine the condition in consideration of the difference in the transition of the biological information depending on the case, but the present invention is not limited to this. In other words, the electronic triage system 10 is desirably taken into consideration when differences in the transition of biological information depending on cases can be taken into account, but may not be taken into consideration when there are obstacles to taking into account. Specifically, in the case where the difference in the transition of the biometric information is unknown, or in a situation where it is not possible to spend time and effort to consider the difference, the condition determination means 60 or notification as shown in FIG. Under a system configuration that does not include the means 62, it is possible to manage and monitor the patient's condition without taking into account the difference in the transition of biological information depending on cases. Further, in the example adopting the system configuration shown in FIG. 10, a condition determination criterion is defined as a method for determining a condition taking into account the difference in transition of biological information depending on cases, and determination is performed according to this condition determination criterion. Although an example has been illustrated, the present invention is not limited to this, and the condition may be determined by taking into account differences in the transition of biological information by other methods.

  A specific example of the electronic triage tag 20 that can be suitably used in the electronic triage system 10 described above will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 7 described in the above embodiment, the electronic triage tag 20 has a configuration in which the main body 20a itself can be attached to a patient using a clip portion 20b, and a living body like that shown in FIG. A part including the information acquisition unit 22 (sensor) (hereinafter also referred to as “separate part” 20b) may be provided as a separate configuration from the main body 20a, and the main body 20a and the separate part 20b may be used in combination. When it is set as the structure which provides the separate body part 20b, the burden given to a sick person by mounting | wearing the electronic triage tag 20 is minimized by comprising the separate body part 20b with minimum things, such as the biometric information acquisition part 22. Can be suppressed.

  Although not specifically described in the above embodiment, the electronic triage tag 20 includes a secondary battery such as a lithium ion secondary battery or a nickel hydride secondary battery as a power source 21 as shown in FIG. It is possible to have a configuration provided. In addition, in consideration of battery replacement and charging time, the electronic triage tag 20 preferably includes a secondary battery as the battery 21 and can be charged without taking in and out the battery. Based on this knowledge, the electronic triage tag 20 is electrically connected to the power source for charging, for example, by placing it on a charger 70 made of a conventionally known mobile terminal charging cradle. It is desirable to have a possible configuration. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the electronic triage tag 20 includes a current generator 23 that can generate a current by electromagnetic induction with a coil 72 provided on the side of a charger 70 provided separately. It is also possible to provide a provided configuration. According to such a configuration, it is possible to charge the power source 21 composed of the secondary battery using the current flowing through the current generator 23 by causing electromagnetic induction with the charger 70, and the convenience of the electronic triage tag 20. It is possible to further improve the performance.

  As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the electronic triage tag 20 can include a display unit 25 that can display biological information and the like. In addition, when the display unit 25 is provided in the electronic triage tag 20, the display unit 25 can be formed using a conventionally known liquid crystal panel, electronic paper, or the like. From the viewpoints of performance, power consumption, etc., it is desirable to form the display portion 25 using a light emitting diode having high luminance and low power consumption. In addition, when the display unit 25 is formed by combining a plurality of light emitters such as light emitting diodes, the biological information has abnormal values by appropriately changing the lighting, blinking pattern, speed, luminance, color, and the like of the light emitters. It is preferable to be able to display that there is something, that the state is getting worse, that follow-up is necessary. With such a configuration, it is possible to display at a glance so as to be able to grasp a change in the state of the victim with the electronic triage tag 20 attached even in a dark part or in a distant place.

  The electronic triage tag 20 shown in the above embodiment transmits the biological information acquired by the biological information acquisition unit 22 in the form of the vital sign packet BP, but the present invention is not limited to this. . Specifically, the electronic triage tag 20 analyzes biological information acquired in, for example, the sensor unit, and performs estimation of the patient state, necessity of re-examination by a doctor, necessity of re-triage, and the like. It is also possible to include a processing unit 27 capable of performing the above.

  The electronic triage tag 20 shown in the above embodiment can input data input in the medical staff terminal 30 by human body communication to the data holding unit 26, but the present invention is limited to this. Instead, it is possible to provide a configuration in which an input unit for directly inputting data related to the victim such as the category of triage to the electronic triage tag 20 is provided. Further, in the case where the input unit is provided, the convenience can be further improved by adopting a configuration in which the data input procedure or the like can be indicated by the display unit 25 described above or a light emitting diode provided separately.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Electronic triage system, 20 ... Electronic triage tag, 24, 34, 44 ... Transmission / reception part (node specific information transmission / reception part), 26, 36, 46 ... Data holding part, 28, 38 ... Human body communication part, 30 ... Medical engagement Terminal for person, 40 ... base station, 50 ... server, 54 ... position estimation unit, 60 ... condition determination means, 62 ... notification means, N ... ad hoc network, NT ... adjacent node table, BP ... vital sign packet (biological information) , HP ... Hello packet, LD ... position estimation data, A to C ... base station, F, M ... medical workers, X, Y ... patients.

Claims (10)

An electronic triage tag attached to a patient and capable of acquiring biological information of the patient, transmitting the biological information, and transmitting and receiving position estimation information used for estimating a relative position between the patient and a medical worker;
A medical worker who is carried by a medical worker, has a display unit, can receive the biological information, transmit / receive position estimation information used to estimate the relative position of the patient with the medical worker, and perform position estimation calculation A consumer terminal,
In a non-use state, a retractable weight-like or columnar member that is housed in a reduced state is extended in a recess formed inside the pedestal containing the communication device, and the weight-like or columnar member protrudes to a predetermined position. And a base station that transmits and receives at least the position estimation information with the electronic triage tag and the medical staff terminal,
Each of the electronic triage tag, the medical staff terminal and the base station is a node, and an ad hoc network in which the nodes are interconnected is constructed, and is in a state where data can be transmitted and received between the nodes.
The biometric information acquired and transmitted in each electronic triage tag is transmitted toward the nodes constituting the ad hoc network,
In the electronic triage system in which the biological information of each sick person can be confirmed on the medical worker terminal by receiving the biological information on the medical worker terminal via the ad hoc network,
The mutual connection between the nodes is performed directly between the nodes without going through a server, and each electronic triage tag, each medical worker terminal, and a base station that form the node are used as the position estimation information. A node specifying information transmitting / receiving unit capable of transmitting and receiving node specifying information to be specified, and a data holding unit for storing at least received node specifying information and a reception time as an adjacent node table;
A medical worker carrying the medical worker terminal derived on the basis of the position of the base station based on the adjacent node table stored in the data holding unit of the terminal at least on the display unit of the medical worker terminal; and An electronic triage system characterized by displaying relative position information with a nearby victim immediately and with a small relative position error without using a server. It has a server that functions as a node in an ad hoc network, and can transmit and receive data between the server, the electronic triage tag, and the medical staff terminal by relaying at least the base station,
The biological information transmitted in each electronic triage tag is transmitted to the server via the ad hoc network, and the biological information of each victim is managed in the server,
The adjacent node table transmitted from each electronic triage tag forming each node, each medical worker terminal, and a base station is transmitted to the server via the ad hoc network and aggregated in the server,
Based on at least the aggregated adjacent node table from the server, position estimation data in which the relative positions of each medical worker and each patient are estimated based on the position of the base station is derived. 2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein a part or all of the information is distributed to each medical worker terminal via the ad hoc network, and the position estimation data is displayed on a display unit in each medical worker terminal. Triage system.   3. The electronic triage system according to claim 2, wherein the base station is provided in a unit of a triage tent for performing triage, or a unit of a triage tent in which a victim is classified and transferred according to a level of triage. In the server, condition criteria are set according to the case,
A condition determination means capable of determining the condition of the patient based on the condition determination standard corresponding to the case of the patient and the biological information of the patient transmitted from the electronic triage tag;
4. The electronic triage system according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising notification means for notifying information on a victim who has been determined that the condition has deteriorated beyond the condition determination criteria by the condition determination means.   Information communication between a medical worker's terminal and the electronic triage tag via the human body of the patient when a medical worker carrying the medical terminal contacts the patient with the electronic triage tag attached The electronic triage according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the information entered in the medical terminal is recorded in the electronic triage tag through the human body of the victim. system.   6. The electronic triage system according to claim 1, wherein an ad hoc network is constructed by interconnecting nodes with a mesh topology.   The part or all of those functioning as nodes in an ad hoc network have a function of connecting to the Internet and can transmit biological information via the Internet. Electronic triage system.   The position estimation information and the reception time which are attached to the victim and transmit / receive the position estimation information used for acquiring the biological information of the victim, transmitting the biological information, and estimating the relative position of the victim and the medical staff A data holding unit for recording, further comprising a sensor for acquiring at least one of pulse rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen concentration and other biological information by sandwiching a fingertip of the victim. The electronic triage tag in the electronic triage system in any one of 1-7.   Position estimation information and reception time which are carried by a medical worker, have a display unit, transmit / receive the information for position estimation used for receiving the biological information and estimating the relative position between the medical worker and the patient. And displaying relative position information of a medical worker carrying the medical worker terminal derived based on the adjacent node table and a nearby victim on the display unit. The terminal for medical workers in the electronic triage system in any one of Claims 1-7.   A telescopic weight-like or columnar member is provided in the recess formed inside the pedestal, and the member is housed in the recess in a reduced state when not in use, and is expanded into a weight or columnar shape when in use. The base station in the electronic triage system according to claim 1, wherein a structure that projects members is configured, and a communication device is built in a base portion of the structure.

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