JP5195574B2 - Vehicle skeleton structure - Google Patents

Vehicle skeleton structure Download PDF

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JP5195574B2
JP5195574B2 JP2009079107A JP2009079107A JP5195574B2 JP 5195574 B2 JP5195574 B2 JP 5195574B2 JP 2009079107 A JP2009079107 A JP 2009079107A JP 2009079107 A JP2009079107 A JP 2009079107A JP 5195574 B2 JP5195574 B2 JP 5195574B2
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corner
opening
corner portion
skeleton
vehicle
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JP2010228616A (en
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信志 鳥居
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Description

本発明は、自動車等の車両の骨格構造である車両骨格構造に関する。   The present invention relates to a vehicle skeleton structure that is a skeleton structure of a vehicle such as an automobile.

従来、車両骨格構造として、衝撃吸収フレーム（骨格部材）を備えた車両骨格構造が知られている（例えは、特許文献１参照）。この車両骨格構造にあっては、衝撃吸収フレームの面又はコーナー部分に前方から後方に向かって開口幅が漸減するように開口される孔を設けることにより、衝撃吸収フレームに対して前方から後方に向かって塑性座屈変形を滑らかに連続的に発生させ、衝撃荷重特性の向上を図っている。   Conventionally, as a vehicle skeleton structure, a vehicle skeleton structure provided with an impact absorbing frame (frame member) is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). In this vehicle skeleton structure, by providing a hole that is opened so that the opening width gradually decreases from the front to the rear on the surface or corner portion of the shock absorbing frame, the shock absorbing frame is moved from the front to the rear. The plastic buckling deformation is smoothly and continuously generated to improve the impact load characteristics.

特開２００７−０４５２９６号公報JP 2007-045296 A

しかしながら、上記従来の車両骨格構造では、骨格部材である衝撃吸収フレームにおいて座屈変形させる位置を制御することはできるが、応力が均等に分散する形状のため、任意の方向へ座屈変形を誘導することができなかった。そのため、衝突負荷の軽減を好適に図ることができないといった問題があった。   However, in the conventional vehicle skeleton structure, the position of buckling deformation in the shock absorbing frame, which is a skeleton member, can be controlled. However, because the stress is evenly distributed, the buckling deformation is induced in any direction. I couldn't. For this reason, there has been a problem that the collision load cannot be suitably reduced.

本発明は、このような課題を解決するために成されたものであり、骨格部材の座屈変形の方向を任意に設定することができる車両骨格構造を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object thereof is to provide a vehicle skeleton structure capable of arbitrarily setting the direction of buckling deformation of the skeleton member.

本発明による車両骨格構造は、車両の骨格を形成する骨格部材を備え、骨格部材の少なくとも一つの面壁には、多角形状の開口部が設けられており、開口部は、骨格部材の幅方向において対向する一対の第１角部及び第２角部を有すると共に、第１角部と第１角部に近接する骨格部材の一の稜線との間の距離が、第２角部に近接する骨格部材の他の稜線との間の距離よりも短くなるように形成されていることを特徴とする。   A vehicle skeleton structure according to the present invention includes a skeleton member that forms a skeleton of a vehicle, and at least one face wall of the skeleton member is provided with a polygonal opening, the opening being in the width direction of the skeleton member. A skeleton having a pair of opposing first and second corners and having a distance between the first corner and one ridge line of the skeleton member proximate to the first corner close to the second corner It is formed so that it may become shorter than the distance between the other ridgelines of a member.

このような車両骨格構造によれば、骨格部材の少なくとも一つの面壁に多角形状の開口部が設けられており、この開口部が骨格部材の幅方向において対向する一対の第１角部及び第２角部を有している。そして、開口部は、第１角部と第１角部に近接する骨格部材の一の稜線との間の距離が、第２角部と第２角部に近接する骨格部材の他の稜線との間の距離よりも短くなるように、つまり第１角部の方が第２角部よりも面壁の稜線に近くなるように形成されているので、第１角部が座屈点となり、一の稜線の方が他の稜線よりも先に座屈する。従って、座屈変形させたい方向に応じて骨格部材に開口部を形成して座屈変形を誘導でき、骨格部材の座屈変形の方向を任意に設定することが可能となる。   According to such a vehicle skeleton structure, at least one face wall of the skeleton member is provided with a polygonal opening, and the pair of first corners and second opposing each other in the width direction of the skeleton member. Has corners. Then, the distance between the first corner portion and one ridge line of the skeleton member adjacent to the first corner portion is such that the distance between the second corner portion and the other ridge line of the skeleton member adjacent to the second corner portion is the opening. Since the first corner is closer to the ridgeline of the face wall than the second corner, the first corner becomes a buckling point. The ridgeline buckles ahead of the other ridgelines. Therefore, an opening can be formed in the skeleton member in accordance with the direction in which the buckling deformation is desired to be induced, and the buckling deformation direction of the skeleton member can be arbitrarily set.

ここで、開口部は、四角形状とされ、骨格部材の長手方向において対向する一対の第３角部及び第４角部を有しており、第１角部の開角θ１、第２角部の開角θ２、第３角部の開角θ３及び第４角部の開角θ４は、θ１＞θ２＞θ３＝θ４の関係を満たすことが好ましい。このような構成を採用した場合、骨格部材がくの字状に安定的に変形し、骨格部材の座屈変形をより好適に誘導することができる。これにより、骨格部材の折れモードの安定化を図ることができる。 Here, the opening has a quadrangular shape and has a pair of third and fourth corners facing each other in the longitudinal direction of the skeleton member. The opening angle θ 1 and the second corner of the first corner are provided. The opening angle θ 2 of the portion, the opening angle θ 3 of the third corner portion, and the opening angle θ 4 of the fourth corner portion preferably satisfy the relationship of θ 1 > θ 2 > θ 3 = θ 4 . When such a configuration is adopted, the skeleton member is stably deformed into a U-shape, and the buckling deformation of the skeleton member can be more suitably induced. Thereby, stabilization of the bending mode of a frame member can be aimed at.

また、面壁に多角形状の開口部を設けた車両の骨格を形成する骨格部材を備え、開口部は広角の角部と当該広角の角部よりも狭い狭角の角部とを有し、広角の角部を荷重に対する座屈点とした場合でも、この広角の角部の方から座屈が始まるため、上記と同様に、骨格部材の座屈変形の方向を任意に設定することができる。   In addition, a skeleton member that forms a skeleton of a vehicle provided with a polygonal opening on the face wall, the opening includes a wide-angle corner and a narrow-angle corner that is narrower than the wide-angle corner. Even when the corner portion is set as the buckling point with respect to the load, the buckling starts from the wide-angle corner portion, so that the direction of the buckling deformation of the skeleton member can be arbitrarily set as described above.

本発明によれば、骨格部材の座屈変形の方向を任意に設定することができる。   According to the present invention, the direction of buckling deformation of the skeleton member can be set arbitrarily.

本発明の一実施形態に係る車両骨格構造を示す斜視図である。1 is a perspective view showing a vehicle skeleton structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図１に示す車両骨格構造を上から見た図である。It is the figure which looked at the vehicle frame structure shown in FIG. 1 from the top. 図１に示す車両骨格構造が座屈変形した状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state which the vehicle frame structure shown in FIG. 1 buckled and deformed. 図３に示す車両骨格構造がさらに座屈変形した状態を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a view showing a state where the vehicle skeleton structure shown in FIG. 3 is further buckled and deformed.

以下、本発明に係る車両骨格構造の実施形態について図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、以下の説明において、「上」「下」「前」「後」等の語は、車両の上下方向、前後方向に対応したものである。   Hereinafter, embodiments of a vehicle skeleton structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, terms such as “up”, “down”, “front”, and “rear” correspond to the vertical direction and the front-rear direction of the vehicle.

図１は、本発明の一実施形態に係る車両骨格構造を示す斜視図、図２は、図１に示す車両骨格構造を上から見た図である。   FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a vehicle skeleton structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a view of the vehicle skeleton structure shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from above.

図１に示すように、車両骨格構造１は、フロントサイドメンバ（骨格部材）２を備えている。このフロントサイドメンバ２は、自動車等の車体の左右の骨格を形成するものであり、エンジン（図示しない）を挟むようにして車幅方向側に一対配置される。このフロントサイドメンバ２は、上面部３、下面部４、及び一対の側面部５，６が接合された閉断面の中空構造を有している。   As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle skeleton structure 1 includes a front side member (frame member) 2. The front side members 2 form left and right skeletons of a vehicle body such as an automobile, and are arranged in a pair on the vehicle width direction side with an engine (not shown) interposed therebetween. The front side member 2 has a closed cross-section hollow structure in which an upper surface portion 3, a lower surface portion 4, and a pair of side surface portions 5 and 6 are joined.

ここで、図１及び図２に示すように、上面部３には、開口部７が設けられている。この開口部７は、車両衝突時の衝突荷重によるフロントサイドメンバ２の座屈変形の方向を任意の方向に誘導するためのものであり、図２に示すように、上面部３において一方側（図示下側）に偏倚して設けられている。   Here, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the upper surface portion 3 is provided with an opening 7. This opening 7 is for guiding the direction of buckling deformation of the front side member 2 due to a collision load at the time of a vehicle collision in an arbitrary direction, and as shown in FIG. The lower side of the figure is biased.

具体的には、開口部７は、四角形状とされており、フロントサイドメンバ２の幅方向（図示上下方向）において対向する一対の第１角部Ｓ１及び第２角部Ｓ２と、フロントサイドメンバ２の長手方向において対向する一対の第３角部Ｓ３及び第４角部Ｓ４とを有している。   Specifically, the opening 7 has a quadrangular shape, and a pair of first and second corners S1 and S2 that face each other in the width direction (the vertical direction in the figure) of the front side member 2, and the front side member. It has a pair of 3rd corner | angular part S3 and 4th corner | angular part S4 which oppose in 2 longitudinal directions.

第１角部Ｓ１は、その開角がθ１とされており、近接するフロントサイドメンバ２の稜線（一の稜線）Ｒ１との間の距離がＸとなる位置に形成されている。この第１角部Ｓ１に対向する第２角部Ｓ２は、その開角がθ２とされており、近接するフロントサイドメンバ２の稜線（他の稜線）Ｒ２との間の距離がＹとなる位置に形成されている。 First corner portion S1, the provided opening angle is the theta 1, the distance between the front side member 2 of the ridge line (one ridge) R1 adjacent is formed at a position where the X. Second corner portion S2 opposite to the first corner portion S1 is the distance between the opening angle are the theta 2, the ridge line of the front side member 2 to close (other ridge) R2 is Y Formed in position.

そして、第１角部Ｓ１における距離Ｘは、第２角部Ｓ２における距離Ｙよりも小さく（Ｘ＜Ｙ）となっており、これにより、開口部７は、上面部３において稜線Ｒ１側に偏倚して設けられている。   The distance X in the first corner portion S1 is smaller than the distance Y in the second corner portion S2 (X <Y), whereby the opening 7 is biased toward the ridgeline R1 side in the upper surface portion 3. Is provided.

また、第３角部Ｓ３及び第４角部Ｓ４は、第１角部Ｓ１と第２角部Ｓ２との間の中心よりも第１角部Ｓ１寄りに形成されている。これにより、第１角部Ｓ１の開度θ１は、第２角部Ｓ２の開度θ２よりも大きくなっている。 Further, the third corner portion S3 and the fourth corner portion S4 are formed closer to the first corner portion S1 than the center between the first corner portion S1 and the second corner portion S2. Thus, the opening theta 1 of the first corner portion S1 is larger than the opening degree theta 2 of the second corner S2.

第３角部Ｓ３は、その開角がθ３とされており、この開角θ３は、第１角部Ｓ１の開角θ１及び第２角部Ｓ２の開角θ２よりも小さくなっている。この第３角部Ｓ３に対向する第４角部Ｓ４は、その開角がθ４とされており、この開角θ４は、第３角部Ｓ３の開角θ３と同じ開度（θ３＝θ４）となっている。従って、開口部７における各角部Ｓ１〜Ｓ４の開角θ１〜θ４の関係は、θ１＞θ２＞θ３＝θ４となっている。 Third corner portion S3 is that which opening angle is the theta 3, the opening angle theta 3 is smaller than the opening angle theta 2 of the opening angle theta 1 and the second corner portion S2 of the first corner portion S1 ing. Fourth corner portion S4 for facing the third corner portion S3 is that which opening angle is a theta 4, the opening angle theta 4 is the same opening as the opening angle theta 3 of the third corner Portion S3 (theta 3 = θ 4 ). Therefore, the relationship between the opening angles θ 1 to θ 4 of the corners S1 to S4 in the opening 7 is θ 1 > θ 2 > θ 3 = θ 4 .

また、図１に示すように、下面部４にも上述した開口部７と同様の構成を有する開口部８が設けられている。すなわち、開口部８は、四角形状とされており、フロントサイドメンバ２の幅方向において対向する一対の第１角部Ｓ１及び第２角部Ｓ２と、フロントサイドメンバ２の長手方向において対向する一対の第３角部Ｓ３及び第４角部Ｓ４とを有し、Ｘ＜Ｙ、θ１＞θ２＞θ３＝θ４の関係となっている。 Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the lower surface portion 4 is also provided with an opening portion 8 having the same configuration as the opening portion 7 described above. That is, the opening 8 has a quadrangular shape, and a pair of first corner S1 and second corner S2 that face each other in the width direction of the front side member 2 and a pair that face each other in the longitudinal direction of the front side member 2. The third corner portion S3 and the fourth corner portion S4 are in a relationship of X <Y, θ 1 > θ 2 > θ 3 = θ 4 .

次に、以上のような構成を有する車両骨格構造１の作用・効果について図１〜図４を参照しながら説明する。図３は、図１に示す車両骨格構造が座屈変形した状態を示す図、図４は、図３に示す車両骨格構造がさらに座屈変形した状態を示す図である。   Next, operations and effects of the vehicle skeleton structure 1 having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 is a diagram showing a state where the vehicle skeleton structure shown in FIG. 1 is buckled and deformed, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state where the vehicle skeleton structure shown in FIG. 3 is further buckled and deformed.

図２に示すように、フロントサイドメンバ２に対して前方（図示右側）から衝突荷重Ｆが加えられた場合、まず第１角部Ｓ１と稜線Ｒ１との間の距離Ｘが第２角部Ｓ２と稜線Ｒ２との間の距離Ｙよりも小さいため、図３に示すように、第１角部Ｓ１を座屈点（支点）にしてフロントサイドメンバ２の側面部５側がくの字状に座屈変形する。続いて、第２角部Ｓ１よりも開角の小さい第３角部Ｓ３及び第４角部Ｓ４に応力が集中し、座屈変形が促進される。このとき、第３角部Ｓ３及び第４角部Ｓ４よりも開角の大きい第２角部Ｓ２に加わる応力は小さいため、フロントサイドメンバ２が矢印Ａで示す方向に、すなわち第３角部Ｓ３及び第４角部Ｓ４が潰れるように安定的に変形する。そして、このように第３角部Ｓ３及び第４角部Ｓ４が開口部７の内側に引き込まれるため、第２角部Ｓ２に応力が集中し、図４に示すように、フロントサイドメンバ２の側面部６側がくの字状に座屈変形する。   As shown in FIG. 2, when a collision load F is applied to the front side member 2 from the front (right side in the figure), first, the distance X between the first corner S1 and the ridgeline R1 is the second corner S2. 3 is smaller than the distance Y between the ridgeline R2 and the side portion 5 side of the front side member 2 is seated in a dogleg shape with the first corner portion S1 as a buckling point (fulcrum) as shown in FIG. Bends and deforms. Subsequently, stress concentrates on the third corner portion S3 and the fourth corner portion S4 having an opening angle smaller than that of the second corner portion S1, and the buckling deformation is promoted. At this time, since the stress applied to the second corner portion S2 having a larger opening angle than the third corner portion S3 and the fourth corner portion S4 is small, the front side member 2 moves in the direction indicated by the arrow A, that is, the third corner portion S3. And it deform | transforms stably so that 4th corner | angular part S4 may be crushed. And since 3rd corner | angular part S3 and 4th corner | angular part S4 are drawn inside the opening part 7 in this way, stress concentrates on 2nd corner | angular part S2, and as shown in FIG. The side surface 6 side buckles and deforms in a dogleg shape.

このように、本実施形態にあっては、フロントサイドメンバ２の上面部３及び下面部４に多角形状の開口部７，８が設けられており、この開口部７，８がフロントサイドメンバ２の幅方向において対向する一対の第１角部Ｓ１及び第２角部Ｓ２を有し、開口部７は、第１角部Ｓ１とこの第１角部Ｓ１に近接するフロントサイドメンバ２の稜線Ｒ１との間の距離Ｘが、第２角部Ｓ２とこの第２角部Ｓ２に近接するフロントサイドメンバ２の稜線Ｒ２との間の距離Ｙよりも短くなるように、つまり第１角部Ｓ１の方が第２角部Ｓ２よりも上面部３及び下面部４の稜線Ｒ１に近くなるように形成されているので、第１角部Ｓ１が座屈点となり、稜線Ｒ１の方が稜線Ｒ２よりも先に座屈する。従って、座屈変形させたい方向に応じてフロントサイドメンバ２に開口部７，８を形成して座屈変形を誘導でき、フロントサイドメンバ２の座屈変形の方向を任意に設定することができる。これにより、衝突負荷の軽減を好適に図ることができる。   As described above, in the present embodiment, the polygonal openings 7 and 8 are provided in the upper surface 3 and the lower surface 4 of the front side member 2, and the openings 7 and 8 serve as the front side member 2. The opening 7 has a pair of first corner S1 and second corner S2 facing each other in the width direction, and the opening 7 has a ridgeline R1 of the first side S1 and the front side member 2 adjacent to the first corner S1. Is shorter than the distance Y between the second corner portion S2 and the ridgeline R2 of the front side member 2 adjacent to the second corner portion S2, that is, the first corner portion S1. Is formed so as to be closer to the ridgeline R1 of the upper surface portion 3 and the lower surface portion 4 than the second corner portion S2, the first corner portion S1 becomes a buckling point, and the ridgeline R1 is more than the ridgeline R2. Buckle first. Therefore, the openings 7 and 8 can be formed in the front side member 2 in accordance with the direction in which the buckling deformation is desired to induce the buckling deformation, and the direction of the buckling deformation of the front side member 2 can be arbitrarily set. . Thereby, reduction of a collision load can be aimed at suitably.

また、開口部７，８は、四角形状とされ、フロントサイドメンバ２の長手方向において対向する一対の第３角部Ｓ３及び第４角部Ｓ４を有しており、第１角部Ｓ１の開角θ１、第２角部Ｓ２の開角θ２、第３角部Ｓ３の開角θ３及び第４角部Ｓ４の開角θ４は、θ１＞θ２＞θ３＝θ４の関係を満たすので、フロントサイドメンバ２がくの字状に安定的に変形し、フロントサイドメンバ２の座屈変形をより好適に誘導できる。これにより、フロントサイドメンバ２の折れモードの安定化を図ることができる。 The openings 7 and 8 have a quadrangular shape, and have a pair of third corner S3 and fourth corner S4 that face each other in the longitudinal direction of the front side member 2, and the first corner S1 is opened. The angle θ 1 , the opening angle θ 2 of the second corner portion S 2 , the opening angle θ 3 of the third corner portion S 3, and the opening angle θ 4 of the fourth corner portion S 4 satisfy θ 1 > θ 2 > θ 3 = θ 4 . Since the relationship is satisfied, the front side member 2 can be stably deformed in a dogleg shape, and the buckling deformation of the front side member 2 can be more suitably induced. As a result, the folding mode of the front side member 2 can be stabilized.

なお、開口部が、広角の角部と当該広角の角部よりも狭い狭角の角部とを有し、広角の角部を荷重に対する座屈点とした場合でも、この広角の角部の方から座屈が始まるため、前述したのと同様に、骨格部材の座屈変形の方向を任意に設定することができる。   Even if the opening has a wide-angle corner and a narrow-angle corner narrower than the wide-angle corner, and the wide-angle corner is used as a buckling point for a load, Since buckling starts from the direction, the direction of buckling deformation of the skeletal member can be arbitrarily set as described above.

以上、本発明をその実施形態に基づき具体的に説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、例えば、上記実施形態においては、フロントサイドメンバ２を閉断面の中空構造を有する部材としたが、柱状の部材であってもよい。要は、フロントサイドメンバ２の座屈変形を誘導するための開口部を形成可能な部材であればよい。   The present invention has been specifically described above based on the embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above embodiment, the front side member 2 has a hollow structure with a closed cross section. Although it is a member having a columnar member. In short, any member that can form an opening for inducing the buckling deformation of the front side member 2 may be used.

また、上記実施形態では、開口部７をフロントサイドメンバ２の上面部３及び開口部８を下面部４に設けたが、フロントサイドメンバ２の少なくとも一つの面壁に設けられればよい。   Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the opening part 7 was provided in the upper surface part 3 and the opening part 8 of the front side member 2, the lower surface part 4 should just be provided in the at least 1 surface wall of the front side member 2.

さらに、特に好適であるとしてフロントサイドメンバ２に対する適用を述べているが、骨格部材全般に適用可能である。   Furthermore, although the application to the front side member 2 is described as being particularly suitable, it can be applied to all frame members.

１…車両骨格構造、２…フロントサイドメンバ（骨格部材）、３…上面部（面壁）、４…下面部（面壁）、７，８…開口部、Ｒ１…稜線（一の稜線）、Ｒ２…稜線（他の稜線）、Ｓ１…第１角部、Ｓ２…第２角部、Ｓ３…第３角部、Ｓ４…第４角部。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Vehicle frame structure, 2 ... Front side member (frame member), 3 ... Upper surface part (surface wall), 4 ... Lower surface part (surface wall), 7, 8 ... Opening part, R1 ... Ridge line (one ridge line), R2 ... Ridge line (other ridge lines), S1... First corner, S2... Second corner, S3... Third corner, S4.

Claims (1)

車両の骨格を形成する骨格部材を備え、
前記骨格部材の少なくとも一つの面壁には、多角形状の開口部が設けられており、
前記開口部は、四角形状とされ、前記骨格部材の幅方向において対向する一対の第１角部及び第２角部と、前記骨格部材の長手方向において対向する一対の第３角部及び第４角部とを有すると共に、前記第１角部と当該第１角部に近接する前記骨格部材の一の稜線との間の距離が、前記第２角部に近接する前記骨格部材の他の稜線との間の距離よりも短くなるように形成されており、
前記第１角部の開角θ １ 、前記第２角部の開角θ ２ 、前記第３角部の開角θ ３ 及び前記第４角部の開角θ ４ は、
θ １ ＞θ ２ ＞θ ３ ＝θ ４ の関係を満たすことを特徴する車両骨格構造。 A skeleton member that forms the skeleton of the vehicle,
A polygonal opening is provided on at least one face wall of the skeleton member,
The opening has a quadrangular shape, and a pair of first and second corners opposing each other in the width direction of the skeleton member, and a pair of third corners and fourth opposing each other in the longitudinal direction of the skeleton member. And a distance between the first corner and one ridge line of the skeleton member adjacent to the first corner is the other ridge line of the skeleton member close to the second corner. It is formed to be shorter than the distance between the,
Opening angle theta 1 of the first corner part, open angle theta 2 of the second corner, open angle theta 4 opening angle theta 3 and the fourth corner portion of the third corner portion,
A vehicle skeleton structure characterized by satisfying a relationship of θ 1 > θ 2 > θ 3 = θ 4 .
JP2009079107A 2009-03-27 2009-03-27 Vehicle skeleton structure Expired - Fee Related JP5195574B2 (en)

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JPH0263978A (en) * 1988-08-30 1990-03-05 Mazda Motor Corp Frame structure for automobile
JPH08230724A (en) * 1995-03-01 1996-09-10 Mitsubishi Motors Corp Truck
JP3848820B2 (en) * 2000-08-28 2006-11-22 三菱重工業株式会社 Body structure
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