JP5183345B2 - Structure to prevent the spread of greening structures - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fire spread prevention structure for preventing the spread of a greening structure installed on the roof or roof of a building.

  In recent years, from the viewpoint of mitigating the heat island phenomenon and preventing global warming by reducing carbon dioxide emissions, greening has been actively carried out to cover the roof and rooftop of buildings with plants. In the greening of roofs and rooftops, artificial ground having an incombustible soil layer is formed on the roof or rooftop, and plants such as turf grass are planted on the soil layer of this artificial ground and spread in a flat shape. A plant layer is formed. Plants are flammable substances, and are particularly flammable when the leaf stems of the plants are withered, such as in winter. Therefore, for example, if the fire is ignited for some reason, such as a cigarette fire or fireworks misfire, or a spark from a nearby fire, the plant layer may spread. Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for dividing artificial soil such as rooftop greening into a plurality of sections to prevent the artificial soil from spreading.

JP 2003-235344 A

  The spread of the plant layer proceeds so as to crawl along the surface. For example, there is a possibility that sparks fly by a cross wind, a new fire type is formed in an adjacent region, and the spread of the fire proceeds at an accelerated rate. Therefore, if a means for preventing the spread of fire is not provided, the plant layer of the greening structure may spread over the entire surface.

  As a result of earnest research, the inventor of the present invention has found through experiments that when the plant layer of the greening structure is lit, the temperature rises only on the surface of the plant layer and the temperature inside the artificial soil does not rise. . The technique of patent document 1 was made on the assumption of the fire of artificial soil, and the plant extended upwards from artificial soil is not assumed. Therefore, even if the technique of Patent Document 1 is used, it is difficult to stop the method of spreading fire unique to the plant layer.

  This invention is made | formed in view of said point, The place made into the objective provides the fire spread prevention structure which prevents the plant layer of the greening structure installed in the roof of a building, or a rooftop from spreading. That is.

The fire spread prevention structure of the greening structure of the present invention is a fireproof or flame retardant partition wall that partitions the plant layer of the greening structure into a plurality of regions in the fire spread prevention structure of the greening structure laid on the roof or rooftop. The partition wall portion extends vertically and protrudes from the lower end of the plant layer to a height position above the plant layer, and protrudes in a direction away from the upper end of the vertical wall portion. And a pair of upper end pieces.

According to the spread fire prevention structure of the greening structure according to the present invention, when the plant layer in the region partitioned by the partition wall is lit, the region where the plant layer is burning flame or sparks by the upper edge. It can be folded back to the inside, can prevent the intrusion of flames and sparks into other adjacent areas separated by the partition wall, and the fire spread area stays in that area and is adjacent It is possible to prevent the fire from moving into the area and reliably prevent the spread of fire spread.

As one of the preferable embodiments of the greening structure of the greening structure according to the present invention, the partition wall portion extends in parallel with the plant layer at a height position where the pair of upper end pieces are separated by a predetermined distance above the plant layer. It is characterized by existing and facing the upper surface of the plant layer.

Further, one preferred embodiment of fire prevention structure greening structure of the present invention has the partition wall, a pair of elongate members which cross section has a U-shaped, the open portion of the elongated member side It is good also as a structure formed combining in a back-to-back state so that it may open toward the direction .

Moreover, as one of the preferable aspects which the fire spread prevention structure of the greening structure of the present invention has, the partition wall section includes a weft partition wall member that divides the plant layer in the roof or roof slope direction, and the plant layer as a roof or It is characterized by having a partition wall section that is partitioned in the lateral width direction that intersects the slope direction of the roof. And as one of the preferable aspects which the fire spread prevention structure of the greening structure of this invention has, as for the partition wall part, the protrusion width | variety of an upper end piece part is set to the magnitude | size which can walk on an upper end piece part. It is characterized by being. By setting it as this structure, an operator etc. can walk on an upper end piece part. Therefore, for example, plants can be managed without damaging plants in the plant layer, and management work can be simplified.

  According to the present invention, since the plant layer is partitioned into a plurality of regions by the partition wall portion, when the plant layer in a certain region is lit and burned, the fire spread range can be kept in that region, It can prevent the fire from transferring to the plant layer in the area. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the spread of fire spread.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, a fire spread prevention structure of the roof greening structure A1 laid on the standing folded plate roof R will be described. FIG. 1 shows an example of a standing folded-plate roof R. FIG. 1 (a) is a perspective view showing the configuration of the standing folded-plate roof R in a partially broken state, and FIG. It is sectional drawing of the roof board 3 which comprises the standing folding board roof R. FIG. 2 is a view showing a state in which the partition wall members 20 and 30 are mounted on the standing folded plate roof R, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a structure for attaching the partition wall members 20 and 30 to the standing folded plate roof R. It is a principal part enlarged view shown. 4 shows a basic form of the clamp 60 for attaching the partition wall member, FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the standing folded plate roof R and the roof greening structure A1 fixed thereon, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.

  The standing folded plate roof R is a long roof plate 3 (see FIG. 1 (b)) in which curved portions 3a and 3b that engage with each other at the upper end portions of the left and right rising edges are formed. While the curved portions of the plates 3 and 3 are engaged with each other, they are fixed on the beam 5 by using a dedicated mounting tool 6 and run in the X direction which is the roof gradient direction. The portion 1 is continuous at a predetermined pitch Pa in the Y direction which is the roof width direction. And the standing protrusion 4 with the roundness when the roof board 3 is connected to the top part 2 of the mountain-shaped part 1 runs in the roof gradient direction. The water retention / drainage base material 10 and the partition wall members 20 and 30 which are greening bases are fixed on the standing folded plate roof R, and plants such as turf grass are planted on the water retention / drainage base material 10. By doing so, it is set as the roof greening structure A1.

  FIG. 4 shows a basic form of a clamp 60 for fixing the water retention drainage base material 10 and the partition wall members 20 and 30 on the standing folded plate roof R. The clamp 60 includes a pair of left and right clamp pieces 61 and 61 having a certain lateral width. Each clamp piece 61 includes a bulging portion 63 composed of a sandwiching tip portion 62a that presses the lower region of the standing ridge 4 and a first horizontal portion 62b above it, and the tip position of the sandwiching tip portion 62a. It has a vertical part 64 rising from the first horizontal part 62b at substantially the same vertical position, and a second horizontal part 65 located at the upper end of the vertical part 64. The vertical part 64 has left and right clamp pieces 61, Bolt holes 66 are formed for bolts used when fastening 61 together. A bolt hole 67 is formed in the horizontal portion 65. In addition, you may make it clamp | tighten the clamp pieces 61 and 61 on either side using a drill screw etc. instead of a bolt nut, and the bolt hole 67 can be abbreviate | omitted in that case. One of the bolt holes 66 of the left and right clamp pieces 61, 61 may be a small hole having a smaller diameter instead of the bolt hole.

  The shape on the inner surface side of the bulging portion 63 is preferably a shape that matches the contour shape of the standing protrusion 4, and the size thereof stands when the left and right clamp pieces 61, 61 are tightened. The ridge 4 is sized so as to be slightly compressed and deformed. However, the shape on the inner surface side of the bulging portion 63 is such that when the left and right clamp pieces 61, 61 are tightened, the inner peripheral surface thereof is in partial contact with the ridge 4 or not in contact with it at all. There is no problem. As shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 6, the front ends of the sandwiching front end portions 62a and 62a are separated from each other outward, and the surface that contacts the protrusion 4 is a curved surface. Although not shown, a packing material may be interposed between the standing ridge 4 and the clamp pieces 61 and 61 that sandwich the ridge 4. By adopting this configuration, the standing ridge 4 and the clamp 60 are not in direct contact with each other, and even when the antirust treatment of the standing ridge 4 is peeled off, the flow of anticorrosion current is effectively prevented. It is possible to avoid deterioration of the standing protrusion 4 due to corrosion over a long period of time.

  When the clamp 60 is fixed to the helical protrusion 4, as shown in FIG. 4, the posture is such that the vertical protrusion 4 is sandwiched between the bulging portions 63 of the left and right clamp pieces 61, 61. A bolt is passed through a bolt hole 66 formed in the vertical portion 64 and tightened with a nut. The clamp 60 is fixed to the ridge 4 in a state where the ridge 4 is pressed from both sides by the tip of the sandwiching tip 62 having a certain lateral width and the inner surface side of the bulging portion 63, so that the clamp 60 is fixed. Is very stable.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the partition wall members 20, 30 are stood and fixed to the folded plate roof R using the clamp 60. The partition wall members 20 and 30 are fixed on the standing folded plate roof R along the roof gradient direction and the roof width direction, and divide the upper portion of the standing folded plate roof R into a plurality of regions.

Initially, the fixed aspect of the weft partition wall member 20 fixed along a roof horizontal width direction is demonstrated. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the standing protrusion 4 at the position where the weft partition wall member 20 in the standing folded plate roof R is to be fixed, and the pair of clamp pieces 61, 61 are standing. An appropriate number of clamps 60 are fixed so as to sandwich 4 from the left and right. Then, the weft partition wall member 20 is placed on the second horizontal portion 65 of the clamp 60 and fixed to the clamp 60 with screws, screws 68 or the like.

  The weft partition wall member 20 is formed of a long member having a substantially U-shaped cross section made of a metal material such as an aluminum alloy, which is a fire-resistant or flame-retardant rigid material, and has a certain height and width. The vertical wall portion 21 extending at the bottom, the lower end piece portion 23 bent at the lower end in the height width direction of the vertical wall portion 21 and projecting in the direction perpendicular to the vertical wall portion 21, and the height of the vertical wall portion 21 It has an upper end piece 22 that is bent at the upper end in the width direction and is orthogonal to the vertical wall 21 and faces the lower end piece 23.

  The weft partition wall member 20 is fixed using the second horizontal portion 65 of the fixed clamp 60, and the upper end piece 22 of the weft partition wall member 20 projects toward the plant layer B side at that time. In this state, the lower end piece 23 is fixed to the second horizontal portion 65 of the clamp 60 with screws, screws, or the like. Then, the pair of weft partition wall members 20 are fixed in combination in a back-to-back state with the vertical wall portions 21 in contact with each other so that the open portion opens sideways.

Next, the fixation aspect of the trans-partition wall member 30 fixed along a roof gradient direction is demonstrated. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, an appropriate number of clamps 60 are fixed at the position where the warp partition wall member 30 is to be fixed on the standing folded roof R, as described above. Then, the warp partition wall member 30 is placed on the second horizontal portion 65 of the clamp 60 and fixed to the clamp 60 with screws, screws 68 or the like.

  The warp partition wall member 30 has the same shape and configuration as the weft partition wall member 20, and includes a vertical wall portion 31 extending at a certain height and a lower end in the height width direction of the vertical wall portion 31. A lower end piece 33 that is bent at the upper end of the vertical wall portion 31 and protrudes in a direction perpendicular to the vertical wall portion 31, and a lower end piece that is bent at the upper end in the height-width direction of the vertical wall portion 31 and perpendicular to the vertical wall portion 31. It has the upper end piece part 32 which opposes the part 33. FIG.

  The trans-partition wall member 30 is fixed using the second horizontal part 65 of the fixed clamp 60, and the upper end piece 32 of the trans-partition wall member 30 protrudes toward the plant layer B side at that time. In this state, the lower end piece portion 33 is fixed to the second horizontal portion 65 of the clamp 60 with screws, screws or the like. The pair of warp partition wall members 30 are fixed so that the vertical wall portions face each other and are back to back.

  Accordingly, the weft partition wall member 20 and the warp partition wall member 30 divide the plant layer B of the roof greening structure A1 into a plurality of regions by being partitioned at predetermined intervals in the roof width direction and the roof gradient direction.

  Next, an example of roof greening structure A1 provided with said partition wall members 20 and 30 is demonstrated using FIGS. Although not shown in FIG. 2, an appropriate number of clamps 60 are fixed to the standing ridges 4... In a section surrounded by the weft partition wall member 20 and the warp partition wall member 30 at predetermined intervals. As described above, the clamp piece 61 of the clamp 60 has a U-shaped cross-sectional space formed by the first horizontal portion 62 b, the vertical portion 64, and the second horizontal portion 65. A foamed resin heat insulating plate 50 is attached so as to insert an edge into the U-shaped space (see, for example, FIGS. 6 and 7). Thereby, the upper surface of the standing folded plate roof R is entirely covered with the foamed resin heat insulating plate 50, and a flat surface is formed. Further, a plurality of conventionally known water retention / drainage base materials 10 are laid and fixed thereon, and the water retention / drainage base material 10 is appropriately placed on the water retention / drainage base material 10 via a water-permeable sheet 11 for preventing soil outflow. The plant layer B is arranged to form a roof greening structure A1.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the weft partition wall member 20 and the warp partition wall member 30 protrude upward from the plant layer B, and the plant layer B is spaced at a predetermined interval in the roof gradient direction and the roof lateral width direction. And partitioned into a plurality of regions. The upper end pieces 22 and 32 extend in parallel with the plant layer B at a height position spaced above the plant layer B by a predetermined distance, and face the upper surface of the plant layer B. Thereby, the plant layer B of the roof greening structure A1 is partitioned by the partition wall member 30 in the Y direction that is the roof width direction, and is partitioned by the weft partition wall member 20 in the X direction that is the roof gradient direction. Yes. In the present embodiment, they are provided so as to have an interval of 1 meter in the Y direction and an interval of 2 meters in the X direction. Further, the height positions of the upper end pieces 22 and 32 are set so as to be about 10 centimeters higher than the plant layer B.

  The weft partition wall member 20 and the warp partition wall member 30 are firmly fixed to the standing folded plate roof R using a clamp 60 fixed to the standing projecting ridge 4, and these weft partition wall members 20 The load of a pedestrian or the like walking on the warp partition wall member 30 can be sufficiently supported.

  Moreover, the horizontal width of the upper end pieces 22 and 32 is set to a size (about 5 centimeters in the present embodiment) that allows an operator or the like to walk thereon. Therefore, it is possible to walk on the weft partition wall member 20 and the warp partition wall member 30, and to perform plant management work and the like without damaging the plants in the plant layer B.

  In the illustrated example, the water retention / drainage base material 10 is a foamed resin molded product, and although not shown, the water retention space and the support layer such as the plant layer B have a support body and the peripheral wall portions are connected to each other. An uneven portion and an overflow portion are formed.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method for preventing the spread of the plant layer B with the above-described structure. FIG. 8 (a) shows the present embodiment, and FIG. 8 (b) shows the prior art. For example, the wind is blowing from the lower gradient direction toward the upper gradient direction along the roof gradient direction of the standing folded plate roof R (from the left side to the right side, which is the direction indicated by the thick arrow in the figure). In the situation, when the plant layers B and 103 located on the windward side are lit, in the conventional technique shown in FIG. 8 (b), the isolated portion 100 is planted on the windward planting base 101 soil 102 and the leeward planting. Since it only partitions the soil 112 of the planting base 111, the flame and sparks (indicated by thin arrows in the figure) burning the plant layer 103 of the windward planting base 101 are leeward (upward in the gradient direction). It cannot be prevented from moving to the plant layer 113 of the planting base 111, and the fire spread cannot be stopped by the partition wall portion 100.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment shown in FIG. 8A, the weft partition wall member 20 extends in a direction orthogonal to the wind direction and projects to a height position above the plant layer B. The flame which burns the upper plant layer B can be blocked by the weft partition wall member 20, and can be prevented from moving to the plant layer B in the leeward. In particular, since the weft partition wall member 20 is provided with the upper end piece portion 22 folded back toward the windward side, the flame or spark burned by the wind is folded back toward the windward side and is kept in the windward region. be able to. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent the spread of fire to the leeward.

  In addition, the shape of the partition wall members 20 and 30 is not limited to the above-described U-shaped cross section, and may be any shape that can prevent the spread of fire to adjacent regions. Therefore, for example, as in the modification shown in FIG. 9, the flat partition wall 70 may be protruded in a straight line from the clamp 60 upward to a height position above the plant layer B. Thus, by constituting the partition wall member 70 with a flat plate-shaped member, the material cost can be made lower than the partition wall members 20 and 30 having a substantially U-shaped cross-sectional shape, and the cost can be reduced. Can do. In the above-described embodiment, the case where the height of the partition walls 20, 30, and 70 is higher than the plant layer B is described as an example. However, the height may be the same as the height of the plant layer B. .

  FIG. 10 is a sectional view for explaining the second embodiment. The same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. In the present embodiment, the fire spread prevention structure of the rooftop greening structure A2 will be described. On the rooftop of the building, a root-resistant sheet 12 for preventing the entry of roots is laid so as to cover the upper surface of the concrete slab S, thereby forming a flat surface. And the appropriate several conventionally known water retention drainage base material 10 is arranged side by side on the flat surface. And the appropriate plant layer B is arrange | positioned through the water-permeable sheet 11 for soil outflow prevention on the water retention drainage base material 10, and it is set as the rooftop greening structure A2.

  The partition wall member 40 is arrange | positioned along the joint line of the water retention / drainage base material 10, and has partitioned the roof greening structure A2 into the some area | region. Like the partition wall members 20 and 30 in the first embodiment, the partition wall member 40 is configured by a long member having a substantially U-shaped cross section, and makes the pair of vertical wall portions 41 and 41 contact each other. Thus, the upper end pieces 42 and 42 and the lower end pieces 43 and 43 are arranged in a form sandwiched between the water retention and drainage base materials 10 adjacent to each other in a back-to-back state. The lower end piece 43 of the partition wall member 40 is fixed to the upper surface of the foamed resin heat insulating plate 50 with an adhesive or the like. In addition, the partition wall member 40 does not need to be fixed. The vertical wall portion 41 of the partition wall member 40 protrudes to a height position above the plant layer B.

  According to the roof tree planting structure A2 having the above configuration, the partition wall member 40 can be easily installed, installation work can be simplified, and construction can be performed at low cost. Moreover, since the partition wall member 40 protrudes to a height position above the plant layer B, as in the above-described roof greening structure A1, for example, when the plant layer B located on the windward side is lit. It is possible to dampen the flame and prevent the plant layer B from moving downwind. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent the spread of fire to the leeward.

  The embodiments have been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and even if there is a design change or the like without departing from the scope of the invention. These are included in the present invention.

The perspective view (FIG. 1a) which shows an example of a standing folding board roof, and sectional drawing (FIG. 1b) which shows the roof board used there. The perspective view which shows the state which fixed the partition wall member on the standing folded plate roof. The perspective view which shows the fixing structure of a partition wall member. The perspective view explaining the structure of a clamp. The top view which shows the roof greening structure fixed on the standing folding board roof. The figure which shows the structure of the partition wall member vicinity of a roof greening structure in the cross section of a roof width direction. The figure which shows the structure of the partition wall member vicinity of a roof greening structure in the cross section of a roof gradient direction. It is a schematic diagram explaining the fire spread prevention method by a partition wall member. It is a figure which shows one of the modifications of a partition wall member. The figure which shows the fire spread prevention structure of the tree planting structure in 2nd Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Yamagata part 2 Top part 3 Roof board 10 Water retention drainage base material (greening base)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Water-permeable sheet 12 Root-resistant sheet 20 Weft partition wall member 21 Vertical wall part 22 Upper end piece part 30 Transparency wall member 31 Vertical wall part 32 Upper end piece part 40 Partition wall member 41 Vertical wall part 42 Upper end piece part 50 Plate 60 Clamp 70 Partition wall (second embodiment)
A1 roof greening structure (greening structure)
A2 Rooftop greening structure (greening structure)
R Standing folded plate roof

Claims (5)

In the fire spread prevention structure of the greening structure laid on the roof or roof,
Having a fire-resistant or flame-retardant partition wall that partitions the plant layer of the greening structure into a plurality of regions;
The partition wall portion extends vertically and protrudes from the lower end of the plant layer to a height position above the plant layer, and protrudes in a direction away from the upper end of the vertical wall portion. A structure for preventing fire spread of a greening structure, comprising a pair of upper end pieces. The partition wall portion has a pair of upper end pieces extending in parallel with the plant layer at a height position spaced a predetermined distance above the plant layer and facing the upper surface of the plant layer. The structure for preventing fire spread of a greening structure according to claim 1. The partition wall portion is formed by combining a pair of long members having a U-shaped cross section in a back-to-back state such that an open portion of the long member opens sideways. The spread of fire prevention structure of the greening structure according to claim 1 or 2. The partition wall section includes a weft partition wall member that partitions the plant layer in the slope direction of the roof or the roof, and a warp partition wall section that partitions the plant layer in a lateral width direction that intersects the slope direction of the roof or the roof. The fire spread prevention structure for a greening structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising: The partition wall portion, the protruding width of the upper piece portion, to any one of claims 4 that claim 1, wherein the set in the ambulatory size over the upper piece portion The spread of fire prevention structure of the described greening structure.

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