JP5181305B2 - Structure for preventing freezing of water surface of water quality inspection port - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for protecting water quality inspection equipment suspended in water in dams, lakes, rivers, harbors, etc., in particular, the surrounding water surface of guide wires and cable built-in wires suspended from dam bodies or revetments. The present invention relates to a structure for preventing freezing of a water surface of an inspection port of a trolley equipped with a water quality inspection device.

  In reservoirs such as dam lakes and lakes, red tides and blue-green sea urchins are generated due to eutrophication and the like, which adversely affects the ecosystem of the water area. These red tides and sea cucumbers are mainly phytoplankton. The environmental conditions that occur are sunlight necessary for photosynthesis, water quality items include water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus as nutrient sources. The content of (P) is greatly involved. Therefore, it is important for the elucidation of the cause and mechanism of the eutrophication phenomenon and the management of water quality to constantly examine these water quality items and to grasp the distribution state in the reservoir area and its changes over time.

  The water quality test is performed by suspending the water quality inspection equipment in the water by suspending it from the cable built-in wire suspended from the revetment, or using the winch and the wire built in the suspended cable from a trolley where the ship is stopped or fixed in the measurement water area. The test equipment is moved up and down in the water.

  Among them, the water quality observation facilities of the dam reservoir are roughly classified into cableway type and trolley type (for example, refer to Patent Document 1). The water temperature, turbidity, pH, dissolved oxygen concentration, etc. are measured throughout the year at a predetermined interval (for example, 50 cm) up to the water depth.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-103297

  However, in winter or cold regions where the water surface of the water storage area to be measured freezes, the cable that suspends the equipment cannot be moved and may become unobservable. In view of this, the present inventor installed an annular tube having a plurality of air holes on the inner peripheral side below the surface of the water, pumped air from the compressor, aerated, and frozen by flowing the water surface around the cable submerged position. Although prevention was achieved, a sufficient effect was not obtained. In view of the problems of the prior art as described above, the present invention can prevent freezing of the surface of a water quality measurement water area where a cable built-in wire of a water quality inspection device is dropped, and even in a water storage area in winter or in a cold region. The purpose is to provide a structure for preventing freezing of the water surface of the water quality inspection port that enables water quality observation without any hindrance.

Therefore, the freezing prevention structure of the water quality inspection mouth water surface of the present invention is a wire with a built-in cable that can be moved up and down in the water depth direction by a lifting device installed on a revetment of a water quality measurement reservoir such as a dam lake or floated on a pontoon boat. And a water quality inspection apparatus comprising a sensor box (water quality inspection device) that measures the water quality of the water storage area suspended by the predetermined item, at least a double wall on the surface of the input compartment water area of the cable built-in wire a first feature in that a protective float or protective duct having囲撓been multilayer porous structure digits set. Further, the second feature is that warm air is blown to a partition water surface area by a protective float or a protective duct. Furthermore, the third feature is that warm air or warm water is introduced into the multilayer gap of the protective float or protective duct. In addition, the fourth feature is that the carriage is configured such that a rectangular parallelepiped float is combined in a rectangular shape in plan view, and a cable insertion section is opened at a central portion thereof.

The present invention has the following excellent effects.
(1) It is possible to prevent freezing of the water surface for observation of the water quality, and the measuring instrument can be lifted and lowered in the water without hindrance even in cold regions and in winter.
(2) Various equipment on the trolley can be protected from snow.
(3) By combining the rectangular parallelepiped floats, it is possible to easily manufacture a trolley with a cable entry opening.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples shown in the drawings.
It is a side view which shows the installation state in the dam dam body of the freeze prevention structure of the water quality inspection port which concerns on this invention. It is a principal part enlarged view which shows typically the suspension structure of FIG. (A) of the protection float which concerns on this invention is a top view, (b) is a front view. It is a side view of the protection float concerning the present invention. It is a front view of the trolley type water quality inspection device concerning the present invention. It is a top view of the trolley type water quality inspection device concerning the present invention. It is a side view of the trolley type water quality inspection device concerning the present invention. (A) which shows the protection duct of a trolley-type water quality inspection apparatus is a top view, (b) is a front view. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example, from the stage 1 provided on the top of a revetment retaining wall (hereinafter simply referred to as a levee T) of a dam lake W which is a water quality measurement reservoir, from the stage 1 to the bottom surface of the dam lake W A guide wire 4a stretched between the anchor 13 and the sinked anchor 13 is supported by a pair of arms 2a and is suspended by a cable built-in wire (armored cable) 4 wound around a winch (lifting device) 3. In the case of an apparatus of a type that measures the water quality of the water storage area with a predetermined item by the sensor box (water quality inspection device) 2, the protection wire 5 surrounds the guide wire 4 a and the input section water area surface WS. The protection float 5 can float and sink along the guide wire 4a, and is always moved up and down according to the water level of the dam lake W. The sensor box 2 is a combination of various sensors that detect, for example, water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen amount, chlorophyll amount, etc., and are stored in a protective cylinder. Moreover, the cable built-in wire (armored cable) 4 is a special wire cable that incorporates a conductive wire called a conductor and is sheathed with a stainless steel wire and bears tension.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, the protective float 5 is a ring-shaped cylindrical body that is divided into two parts (dividers) in the diametrical direction in a plan view, and each half-cylindrical body 5 a has a float and a heat insulation inside. A multi-layer void structure having an air layer 5b that also serves as a layer, that is, a double-pipe structure, is provided with a skirt portion 5i extending from the air layer 5b, and serves as a guard and a balance weight that are insufficient only with the double-pipe portion. I'm in charge. In a state where these half cylinders 5a are combined, a cable insertion opening (water quality inspection port) 5c is formed. In the figure, 5e is a handle, 5d is a buffer body for the outside such as a retaining wall, and neoprene sponge or the like is preferably used as the material.

  This protective float 5 is intended to protect the guide wire 4a, the cable built-in wire 4 and the sensor box 2 from floating dust on the surface of the water area. In addition, an air layer 5b is provided between the outer peripheral plate and the inner peripheral plate of the cylindrical body, and the heat insulation performance is exhibited by dividing the inspection port water area with a double wall, and the protective float is provided on the input division water area surface WS of the sensor box 2. Even if the outer water area of 5 is frozen, the inner water area of the float 5 is prevented from freezing. For example, warm air or hot water is introduced into the air layer (gap) 5b, or the protective float 5 is protected. By making the material that can store sunlight like carbon material, the desired effect can be further enhanced.

Next, the case where the structure of the present invention is applied to a trolley type apparatus will be described. For the sake of convenience, the same constituent elements as those in the first embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals.
As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the water quality observation device of the present embodiment is a device that measures the water quality at a location far away from the land of a dam lake, for example, and the sensor box 2 for water quality measurement It is suspended by a cable built-in wire (armored cable) 4 that can be moved up and down in the water depth direction by an elevating device (winch) 3 installed on a carriage 1 floated in a measurement water area. Further, the trolley 1 is provided with a quadrangular pyramid tent (roof) 6 so as to cover the whole. The material of the tent 6 is made of synthetic resin such as polyester, and the inclination angle of the roof is preferably about 45 ° at which snow falls naturally. The tent 6 portion may be formed in a circular dome shape or the like with a stainless steel plate or the like using a polystyrene foam or the like as a heat insulating material, and may be any roof shape that prevents snow on the carriage 1 and naturally falls. In the figure, 9 is a lightning resistant transformer, and 12 is a pendulum for buffering when the boat is in contact.

  The trolley 1 is an unmanned work boat, and is basically configured by combining rectangular parallelepiped floats in a rectangular shape in plan view. In other words, it is an assembly-type trolley that can be divided. In the present embodiment, four rectangular box-shaped floats 1a having an aspect ratio of 2 to 1 are combined into a rectangular shape in a plan view (square in this embodiment), so that an opening is naturally formed in the center portion thereof. A cable insertion port (water quality inspection port) 5c, which will be described later, is opened, and the sensor box 2 is connected to the cable built-in wire 4 from the center of the carriage 1 and is suspended. A rectangular ring-shaped protective duct 5 is attached to the central opening of the carriage 1 so as to bend and bend the charging section water area surface WS of the cable built-in wire 4. The vertical and horizontal ratios of the four rectangular parallelepiped box-shaped floats 1a are arbitrary, but by changing this, the opening size of the cable insertion port 5c can be changed to a desired size, and the float 1a is cut away. It is highly convenient in that it does not require special processing.

  This protective duct 5 has a multi-layer void structure by providing an air layer 5b between the outer peripheral plate and the inner peripheral plate of the cylindrical body in the same manner as in Example 1, and has a heat insulating performance by partitioning the inspection port water area with a double wall. This is intended to prevent freezing of the inner water area of the protective duct 5 even if the outer water area of the protective duct 5 freezes in the input section water area surface WS of the wire 4 with a built-in cable. As shown, warm air is injected from the warm air blower 7 installed on the carriage 1 through the warm air introduction duct 7a into the air layer (gap) 5b, that is, into the rectangular cylinder, from the warm air blowing hole 7c. Warm the stored water W.

  As shown by arrows in FIGS. 5 and 8, the warm air injected into the protective duct 5 is first introduced into the lower portion of the duct 5 wall, and then circulates within the protective duct 5 wall. And after warming the bottom part of the protective duct 5, it raises in the inside of the protective duct 5 and is ejected downward from the warm air ejection hole 5h opened downward on the four sides inside the upper part of the duct 5, and the water surface WS once. The surface of the lake is warmed to prevent icing, and then rises in the protective duct 5 and convects following the inclination of the tent (roof) 6 covering the entire carrier 1. Thus, by convection of warm air in the tent 6, freezing of various devices can be prevented, and snow on the tent 6 can be prevented. That is, warm air first warms the protective duct 5 itself, and raises the water temperature in contact therewith. Next, after warming the water surface WS, the warm air circulating in the tent 6 keeps the internal equipment at an appropriate temperature and radiates heat from the surface of the tent 6. The air whose temperature has been lowered is again taken into the warm air blower 7 and recirculated.

  Furthermore, the protective duct 5 extends to about 1 m below the surface of the water, divides the inspection water area, and warms the water stored in the duct 5 to generate convection that moves up and down to prevent freezing. Therefore, if the valve 14 is opened, it is directly supplied to the upper pipe. A part is supplied into the upper corner pipe and the intermediate duct 5b. Most of the warm air is fed into the lower pipe from the warm air introduction duct 7a, supplied to the intermediate duct 5b via the upper ventilation hole 5g, and separated from the warm air ejection hole 5h via the upper ventilation elongated hole 5f at the middle of the four sides of the protective duct 5. It is ejected toward the surface of the water. In the figure, 8 is a temperature control panel. Specifically, a thermometer is installed in the vicinity of the partition water surface. When the water surface temperature drops to 5 ° C., the warm air blower 7 is driven, and when the temperature rises to about 15 ° C. Control to stop. It is also important to keep the warm air temperature below 100 ° C to prevent overheating.

  Further, an emergency exhaust port 7e and a duct 7d for controlling excessive pressure increase due to the introduced warm air are provided diagonally to the warm air introducing duct 7a, and a branch duct 7b is provided in the warm air introducing duct 7a. The warm air introduction amount can be greatly increased or decreased according to the temperature. The emergency exhaust port 7d is provided with a warm air exhaust valve 15 to the inside of the tent 6. By opening the valve 15, the temperature in the tent 6 can be quickly raised. Yes. In addition, although each Example demonstrated as a water quality observation apparatus of a dam lake, it is not limited to this, Of course, it can utilize also in various water areas, such as a river and a bay.

1 boat (stage)
1a Box-type float 2 Sensor box (water quality inspection equipment)
2a Sensor box arm 3 Lifting device (winch)
4 Wire with built-in cable (Armored cable)
4a Guide wire 5 Rectangular ring protection duct (ring protection float)
5a Half cylinder (multi-layer)
5b Air layer 5c Cable insertion opening (water quality inspection port)
5d Buffer 5e Handle 5f Upper ventilation slot 5g Lower ventilation hole 5h Warm air ejection hole 5i Skirt 6 Roof of the boat (tent)
7 Warm air blower 7a Warm air introduction duct 7b Warm air introduction branch duct 7c Warm air ejection hole 7d Emergency exhaust duct 7e Emergency exhaust port 8 Control panel 9 Lightning transformer 10 Radar reflector 11 Marking light 12 Pendle 13 Underwater weight 14 Valve 15 Valve T Dike ( Dam retaining wall)
W Reservoir WS Water surface (Lake surface)

Claims (4)

Water quality measurement reservoirs such as dam lakes, etc.The cable built-in wire that can be moved up and down in the water depth direction by a lifting device installed on a revetment or lifted pontoon, and the water quality of the storage area suspended by this In a water quality inspection apparatus comprising a sensor box (water quality inspection device) for measuring by item, a protective float or a protective duct having a multilayer air gap structure in which the water area of the input section of the cable built-in wire is surrounded by at least a double wall antifreezing structure of water testing port water, characterized in that the digits set. The structure for preventing freezing of the water quality inspection mouth water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that warm air is blown to a partition water surface area by a protective float or a protective duct. The structure for preventing freezing of a water quality inspection mouth water surface according to claim 1 or 2, wherein warm air or warm water is introduced into the multilayer gap of the protective float or the protective duct. 2. The water quality inspection mouth water surface anti-freezing structure according to claim 1, wherein the trolley is configured such that a rectangular parallelepiped float is combined in a rectangular shape in plan view, and a cable insertion section is opened at a central portion thereof. .

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