JP5179892B2 - Energizing device for rotating electrical machines - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a current-carrying device for a rotating electrical machine, for example, a current-carrying device for a DC motor in which a plurality of slip ring portions and commutator pieces are provided at one end of a rotor.

  Conventionally, a plurality of slip ring parts and commutator pieces are concentrically arranged on the same plane in a disk-shaped power feeding part that rotates integrally with a rotor, and a stator provided via a gap with respect to the rotor One end of the leaf spring is fixed to the side, and a brush attached to the other end of the leaf spring is pressed against the slip ring portion, so that the direct current rectified by the commutator piece is applied to the coil wound around the stator. There was a DC motor energization device to supply (see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-537846

  Since the conventional rotating electrical machine is configured as described above, the plurality of slip ring portions and the commutator pieces are on the same plane, so that as the brush wears down and the height decreases, the leaf spring Is close to the slip ring part (or commutator piece) related to the other phase located next to the side close to the fixed part, and insulation between the leaf spring and the slip ring part related to the other phase cannot be secured. was there.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems. Even if the brush is worn, the insulation can be ensured between the leaf spring and the slip ring portion related to the other phase, so that rotation with a long life can be achieved. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric current supply device.

A current-carrying device for a rotating electrical machine according to the present invention includes a stator disposed through a gap with respect to a rotor, and a plurality of rings formed at one end in the axial direction of the rotor and disposed concentrically via insulating members. And a leaf spring that is fixed so that one end is fixed at the fixing portion and that it is installed so as to straddle the ring-shaped conductor path in the radial direction, and the other end is pressed against the ring-shaped conductor path. The ring-shaped conductor path and the leaf spring are energized, and the axial distance between the ring-shaped conductor path and the fixed part is gradually decreased as the distance from the fixed part increases. conductor tracks are arranged so as to be positioned stepwise Rutotomoni, as radial side of the ring-shaped conductor is exposed without being covered with the insulating member, i.e. radial side of the ring-shaped conductor path stairs Parts are those configured to form.

According to the current-carrying device for a rotating electrical machine according to the present invention, a plurality of stators that are formed on one end of the rotor in the axial direction and arranged concentrically with an insulating member interposed between the rotor and the rotor. A leaf spring that is fixed to one end of the ring-shaped conductor path and fixed to the ring-shaped conductor path, is installed so as to straddle the ring-shaped conductor path in the radial direction, and the other end is pressed against the ring-shaped conductor path The ring is configured such that energization is performed between the ring-shaped conductor path and the leaf spring, and the axial distance between the ring-shaped conductor path and the fixed portion is gradually decreased as the distance from the fixed portion increases. Ring-shaped conductors related to leaf springs and other phases even when the height of the brush attached to the end of the leaf springs is reduced due to wear. Isolation from the road Since the spatial distance required is to be ensured, Ru can until no worn out brush keep moving rotary electric machine. Further, since the radial side surface of the ring-shaped conductor path is exposed without being covered with the insulating member, that is, the radial side surface of the ring-shaped conductor path forms a stepped portion of the staircase. If the initial height of the coil power supply motor brush is set high to extend the life, the coil power supply motor brush will be worn out, and the coil power supply motor brush may protrude beyond the ring-shaped conductor path. Since the coil feeding motor brush does not run on the insulating member, there is an effect that the electrical continuity is not lost.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a cross-sectional view showing a DC motor energization device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view seen from the direction A in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are enlarged cross-sectional views showing a power feeding section. . In the figure, the rotor 1 is supported by a bearing 2 and a bearing 3 so as to be rotatable with respect to a housing 6.

  A permanent magnet 4 composed of eight poles is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the central portion of the rotor 1, and a disk-shaped power feeding portion 8 is fixed to one axial end portion of the rotor 1. One end of a plate spring 16 is fixed to the plate 15 fixed to the housing 6 at a fixing portion 16a, and a coil feeding motor brush 17 is attached to the other end of the plate spring 16.

  The coil feeding motor brush 17 is urged by a leaf spring 16 and is in contact with the slip ring portions 9a, 9b, 9c. The leaf spring 16 and the coil feeding motor brush 17 are provided in the same number (three in this example) as the slip ring portions 9a, 9b, 9c, but in FIG. 1, they contact the innermost slip ring portion 9a. Only the leaf spring 16 and the coil feeding motor brush 17 are shown. A plurality of slip ring portions 9 a, 9 b, 9 c and a commutator piece 10 are arranged on the surface of the power feeding portion 8 so as to be concentrically arranged in a staircase shape with an insulating member 11 interposed therebetween.

  A positive-side power supply motor brush 13 a urged by a spring 12 and a negative-side power supply motor brush 13 b are in contact with the commutator piece 10, while contacting the commutator piece 10 as the rotor 1 rotates. Supply direct current. Here, when comparing the lengths (abrasion amount) of the power supply motor brushes 13a and 13b and the coil power supply motor brush 17 which decrease with the use of the DC motor, the power supply motor brushes 13a and 13b are supplied with the coil power supply. Since it is much larger than the motor brush 17 for power supply, the spring spring 12 is used instead of the leaf spring to urge the power supply motor brushes 13a and 13b.

  The stator iron core 5 disposed outside the permanent magnet 4 via a gap is fixed to a housing 6 made of an insulating material by a method such as integral molding. A stator coil 7 is wound around each tooth (not shown) of the stator core 5, and a predetermined terminal portion of the stator coil 7 is connected to the terminal 14.

  A plate 15 is fixed to the housing 6 above the power supply unit 8, and a terminal 14 is connected to a part of the plate 15. The stator iron core 5, the stator coil 7, the plate 15 and the like constitute a stator.

  The commutator piece 10 is multi-divided in the circumferential direction in order to switch the current flowing through the slip ring portions 9a, 9b, 9c in accordance with the rotation angle of the rotor 1, and each divided piece is a slip ring 9a, 9b of each corresponding phase. , 9 c and the inside of the power feeding unit 8. The current switched according to the rotation angle of the rotor 1 by the commutator piece 10 is supplied to the stator coil via the slip ring portions 9a, 9b, 9c, the coil brush motor brush 17, the leaf spring 16, the plate 15, and the terminal 14. 7, a magnetic flux corresponding to the rotation angle of the rotor 1 is generated in the stator coil 7 wound around each tooth (not shown) of the stator core 5.

  Rotational torque is generated in the rotor 1 by the interaction between the magnetic flux generated by the stator coil 7 and the permanent magnet 4. 1 and 2, the rotor 1 is provided with a permanent magnet 4 having eight poles, and the stator iron core 5 is provided with nine teeth. In the case of this combination, the stator coil 7 wound around the nine teeth provided on the stator core 5 is, in order, U phase, U1 phase, U phase, V phase, V1 phase, V phase, W phase, W1 phase, Y connection (U1 is opposite to the winding direction of U) so as to be in the W phase, and an AC current for one cycle is supplied to the stator coil 7 while the rotor 1 rotates by two poles (90 °) of the permanent magnet 4 Then, rotational torque can be obtained.

  The lead wires of the stator coils 7 in the U phase, V phase, and W phase are connected to the terminal 14, and the relative positional relationship (angle) of the power supply motor brushes 13 a and 13 b is 45 ° (135 °, 225 °, If it is set to 315 °, an alternating current as described above can be generated in the stator coil 7. There are some combinations of the number of poles, the number of teeth, and the connection that can obtain the rotational torque other than those shown in the above example.

  In the present invention, in the axial direction distance (distance B in FIG. 3) between the end face of the insulating member 11 and the fixed portion 16a of the leaf spring 16, the side closer to the fixed portion 16a is the largest, and gradually decreases as the distance from the fixed portion 16a increases. The insulating member 11 is formed in a staircase shape, and slip ring portions 9a, 9b, 9c and a commutator piece 10 are arranged on each staircase one by one.

  As described above, the axial distance between the end faces of the slip ring portions 9a, 9b, 9c and the commutator piece 10 and the fixing portion 16a is the largest on the side close to the fixing portion 16a of the leaf spring 16, and the fixing portion 16a of the leaf spring 16 is large. It is installed in a staircase shape so that it gradually decreases as you move away from the station.

  3 shows a state before the coil feeding motor brush 17 is worn, and FIG. 4 shows a state where the coil feeding motor brush 17 is worn. In the present invention, the axial distance between the end surfaces of the slip ring portions 9a, 9b, 9c and the commutator piece 10 and the fixing portion 16a is the largest on the side close to the fixing portion 16a of the leaf spring 16, and the leaf spring 16 is fixed. Since it is arranged in a staircase shape so as to gradually decrease as it moves away from the portion 16a, even if the motor brush 17 for coil feeding is worn away as shown in FIG. Since there is a gap more than the step of the staircase between the slip ring portions 9b and 9c and the commutator piece 10 related to the other phase, and a spatial distance necessary for insulation is secured, the coil feeding motor The DC motor can continue to move until the brush 17 is worn.

  FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a DC motor energization device having a structure in which a plurality of slip ring portions and commutator pieces are arranged on the same plane in the disk-shaped power feeding portion 8. That is, in FIG. 5, in the disc-shaped power feeding portion 8 fixed to the rotor 1, a plurality of slip ring portions 9 a, 9 b, 9 c and a commutator piece 10 are concentrically formed on the same plane at the upper end via an insulating member 11. Is arranged.

  In such a configuration, since the plurality of slip ring portions 9a, 9b, 9c and the commutator piece 10 are on the same plane, the leaf spring 16 is reduced as the coil feeding motor brush 17 wears down and becomes lower in height. However, it approaches the slip ring part 9b related to the other phase located next to the side close to the fixed part 16a, and insulation between the leaf spring 16 and the slip ring part 9b cannot be secured.

  6 and 7 are enlarged cross-sectional views showing the power feeding unit 8, and FIG. 7 shows a state where the coil feeding motor brush 17 is worn. The leaf spring 16 and the leaf spring 16 must have a certain spatial distance for insulation from the slip rings 9b, 9c or the commutator piece 10 relating to the other phases. It is necessary to set the height above a predetermined level.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, when the coil feeding motor brush 17 is worn to a predetermined height, the DC motor cannot be used, and the life of the DC motor is shortened. Here, since the motor brush 17 for coil feeding is usually press-fitted into a hole formed in the leaf spring 16 or is fixed using a conductive adhesive, it is very difficult to replace only the motor brush 17 for coil feeding. Have difficulty.

  On the other hand, in the present invention, as described above, in the axial distance between the end face of the insulating member 11 and the fixing portion 16a of the leaf spring 16, the side closer to the fixing portion 16a is the largest, and sequentially as the distance from the fixing portion 16a increases. The insulating member 11 is formed in a staircase shape so as to be small, and one slip ring portion 9a, 9b, 9c and commutator piece 10 are arranged on each stair, so that the coil feeding power Even if the motor brush 17 is worn out due to wear, the leaf spring 16 and the leaf spring 16 have a gap more than the step difference between the slip ring portions 9b and 9c and the commutator piece 10 related to the other phases. Since the space distance necessary for insulation is present, the DC motor can be continuously operated until the coil feeding motor brush 17 is worn.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a DC motor energization device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and FIGS. 9 and 10 are enlarged cross-sectional views showing a power feeding section 8. In the present embodiment, the radially outer side surfaces 9a1, 9b1, 9c1 of the slip ring portions 9a, 9b, 9c are not covered with the insulating material 11 between the slip ring portions 9a, 9b, 9c and the commutator piece 10. In other words, the radially outer side surfaces 9a1, 9b1, and 9c1 themselves are configured to form stepped portions. In this case, the insulating member 11 does not constitute a stepped portion.

  FIG. 9 is an enlarged sectional view showing a state before the coil feeding motor brush 17 is worn, and FIG. 10 is an enlarged sectional view showing a state where the coil feeding motor brush 17 is worn. With the above configuration, when the initial height of the coil power supply motor brush 17 is set high in order to extend the life of the DC motor, the wear of the coil power supply motor brush 17 advances, and FIG. As shown, even if the coil power supply motor brush 17 protrudes outside the slip ring portion 9a, the coil power supply motor brush 17 does not run on the insulating member 11, so that the electrical continuity is not lost. is there.

  FIG. 11 shows a case where a plurality of slip ring portions and commutator pieces are arranged on the same plane in the disk-shaped power feeding portion 8 and the height of the coil feeding motor brush 17 is made higher than that in FIG. FIG. 12 is an enlarged sectional view, and FIG. 12 is an enlarged sectional view showing a state where the coil feeding motor brush 17 is worn. As shown in FIG. 12, as the coil feeding motor brush 17 wears, the tip of the leaf spring 16 changes its position in a substantially arc shape around the fixed portion 16a. The contact position of the ring portion 9a moves to the fixed portion 16a side of the leaf spring 16.

  In order to extend the life of the DC motor, when the initial height of the coil feeding motor brush 17 is set higher as shown in FIG. 11, the contact between the coil feeding motor brush 17 and the slip ring portion 9a. The amount of movement of the position is larger than that shown in FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 12, as the coil power supply motor brush 17 wears, the coil power supply motor brush 17 protrudes to the outside of the slip ring portion 9a, so that it may ride on the insulating material 11 and lose electrical conduction. is there. Therefore, in order to extend the life of the DC motor, even if the initial height of the coil feeding motor brush 17 is set high as shown in FIG. 11, the radial width of the slip ring portions 9a, 9b, 9c is reduced. It will have to be set longer.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, between the slip ring portions 9 a, 9 b, 9 c and the commutator piece 10, the radially outer side surfaces 9 a 1 in the slip ring portions 9 a, 9 b, 9 c, Since 9b1 and 9c1 are exposed without being covered with the insulating material 11, that is, the radially outer side surfaces 9a1, 9b1 and 9c1 themselves are configured to form stepped steps, the coil feeding motor brush 17 As shown in FIG. 10, even if the wear of the coil feeding motor brush 17 protrudes outside the slip ring portion 9a, the coil feeding motor brush 17 does not run on the insulating member 11. There is no loss of continuity.

  In the first and second embodiments, the case where the commutator piece 10 is arranged on the outermost periphery is shown, but it may be provided on the innermost periphery. Further, the case where three slip ring portions are provided has been described, but a plurality other than three may be provided.

  In the first and second embodiments, the DC motor has been described. However, the above configuration may be adopted for an induction motor having a winding rotor. That is, in an induction motor having a winding rotor, the terminal of the winding is exposed to the outside through a slip ring part and a brush, so that the above configuration can also be adopted in such an induction motor. Further, in the first and second embodiments, the case of using as a DC motor has been described. However, it can also be used as a generator with the same configuration, and a plurality of slip ring portions are arranged concentrically at one end of the rotor. In general, the above-described configuration can be adopted.

  In the above description, the fixed portion 16a of the leaf spring 16 is provided on the plate 15 constituting the stator on the radial outer side of the rotor 1, but on the radial inner side of the rotor 1, the rotating electric machine is A fixing portion may be provided on the frame to be configured, and the leaf spring 16 may straddle the slip ring portions 9a, 9b, 9c in the radial direction.

  In short, a plurality of ring-shaped conductor paths formed on one end of the rotor and arranged concentrically with one end fixed at the fixing section and spanning the ring-shaped conductor path in the radial direction. The above configuration is applied to a current-carrying device for a rotating electrical machine that has a leaf spring that is installed in this manner and that has the other end pressed against the ring-shaped conductor path and energizes between the ring-shaped conductor path and the leaf spring. Thus, the ring-shaped conductor path is arranged in a stepped manner so that the axial distance between the ring-shaped conductor path and the fixed part gradually decreases as the distance from the fixed part increases.

It is sectional drawing which shows the energization apparatus of the DC motor by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the top view seen from the A direction of FIG. It is an expanded sectional view showing a feed part. It is an expanded sectional view showing a feed part. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a DC motor energization device having a structure in which a plurality of slip ring portions and commutator pieces are arranged on the same plane in a disk-shaped power feeding portion. It is an expanded sectional view showing a feed part. It is an expanded sectional view showing a feed part. It is sectional drawing which shows the energization apparatus of the DC motor by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is an expanded sectional view showing a feed part. It is an expanded sectional view showing a feed part. It is an expanded sectional view showing a feed part. It is an expanded sectional view showing a feed part.

Explanation of symbols

  1 rotor, 9a, 9b, 9c slip ring part, 10 commutator piece, 16 leaf spring, 16a fixing part.

Claims (3)

A stator disposed through a gap with respect to the rotor, a plurality of ring-shaped conductor paths formed at one end in the axial direction of the rotor and concentrically disposed via an insulating member , and one end at the fixed portion Is fixed to the ring-shaped conductor path and has a leaf spring which is pressed against the ring-shaped conductor path at the other end. In an energizing device for a rotating electrical machine that energizes between a path and the leaf spring, the ring-shaped conductor is configured such that the axial distance between the ring-shaped conductor path and the fixed portion decreases sequentially as the distance from the fixed portion increases. Rutotomoni conductor path is arranged to be positioned stepwise, as the radial side surface of the ring-shaped conductor is exposed without being covered with the insulating member, i.e. the ring-shaped conductor path Energization of the rotary electric machine which definitive radial side is characterized by being configured to form a stepped portion of the staircase. 2. The energizing device for a rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the ring-shaped conductor path is constituted by a slip ring portion, and commutator pieces are arranged concentrically with the slip ring portion. The energizing device for a rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the fixing portion is provided on a radially outer side of the rotor.

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