JP5163111B2 - Coke extrusion equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention has a heat storage chamber at the lower part of the furnace body, and in the chamber furnace type coke oven in which combustion chambers and carbonization chambers are alternately arranged at the upper part, coke produced by dry distillation in the carbonization chamber is obtained. More particularly, the present invention relates to a coke extrusion apparatus capable of reducing the extrusion load, reducing damage to the furnace wall (side wall) of the carbonization chamber, and extending the life of the furnace wall.

  In the coke oven, when coke (coke lump) generated by carbonizing coal in the carbonization chamber is pushed out from the carbonization chamber using an extrusion device, the coke is clogged in the carbonization chamber, resulting in an increase in the extrusion load. As a result, a large force acts on the furnace wall of the coke oven carbonization chamber, and the furnace wall may be damaged. If the clogging is severe, the furnace wall will be destroyed, or it will be impossible to extrude coke with an extrusion device, and the coke must be scraped out manually after the furnace temperature is lowered. When clogging occurs in this way, the repair cost of the furnace wall increases, and the production amount is inevitably reduced by stopping the furnace.

  In order to solve such problems, the following techniques have been proposed as techniques for reducing the extrusion load and preventing damage to the furnace wall.

  For example, when repairing the bottom brick in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven, the dry powder coke is placed in the carbonization chamber, and the dry powder coke fills the recesses on the surface of the bottom brick and flattens it. There is a method of reducing the friction between the lump and the furnace bottom (for example, see Patent Document 1).

Further, prior to charging the raw coal to the carbonization chamber, the particulate refractory material (5mm or less) (such as graphite or Si ₃ N ₄₎ leave spread the beveled furnace bottom, lump coke and the oven during coke extrusion There is also a technique of reducing the friction between the bottoms and consequently preventing the furnace wall damage (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  However, the techniques described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have a problem that they cannot lead to a sufficient push load reduction.

  That is, both of the techniques described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are intended to reduce the frictional force between the coke lump and the carbonization chamber furnace bottom. The main cause of the increase is not the frictional force between the coke mass and the bottom of the coking chamber, but when the coke mass is extruded using an extrusion device, the coke mass pushed by the ram head of the extrusion device is deformed and collapsed. This is because the frictional force between the coke lump and the carbonization chamber side wall is increased by spreading in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the extrusion direction.

As a technique for solving such a problem, when pushing the ram head of the extrusion device against the coke mass in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven to push the coke mass from the carbonization chamber, the coke mass is extruded while applying vibration to the coke mass. A method and a coke extrusion apparatus are known (for example, refer to Patent Document 3).
JP 59-187082 A JP-A-8-120278 JP 2006-206898 A

  When the method and apparatus described in Patent Document 3 are used, when the ram head of the extrusion device is pressed against the coke mass in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven to extrude the coke mass from the carbonization chamber, the extrusion load is reduced, and the coke oven wall Damage can be reduced.

  FIG. 11 is a side view showing an example of a coke extrusion device proposed in Patent Document 3, and FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the coke extrusion device.

  11 and 12, reference numeral 30 denotes a coke extrusion device shown as an example in Patent Document 3, which includes an extrusion ram 20 including a ram rod 21 and a ram head 22, and an extrusion ram drive device (not shown). The pressing surface of the ram head 22 pressed against the coke lump 32 in the carbonization chamber 31 is divided into three pressing surfaces of an upper pressing surface 22a, an intermediate pressing surface 22b, and a lower pressing surface 22c in the vertical direction. A vibration exciter (vibration motor or hydraulic vibration exciter) 28 for vibrating the intermediate abutting surface (vibration plate) 22b in the pushing direction through the vibration rod 29 is included in the ram rod 21. Is attached.

  Then, by using the coke extrusion device 30 configured as described above, the intermediate abutment surface (vibration plate) 22b is vibrated in the extrusion direction by the vibration exciter 28, and the coke lump 32 is vibrated. By advancing the ram head 22 in the direction indicated by the white arrow in FIG. 11, the friction between the coke lump 32 and the furnace wall of the carbonization chamber 31 changes from static friction to dynamic friction, thereby reducing the friction coefficient. Extrusion load is reduced. As a result, damage to the furnace wall can be suppressed.

  In the coke extrusion apparatus shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, when the vibration generator 28 enters into the carbonization chamber 31 under a high temperature state, the coke extrusion device may be damaged by heat, or in the case of a chamber-type coke oven, the furnace width is small. In consideration of the narrowness of about 400 mm, the vibration exciter 28 is attached to a portion that does not enter the carbonization chamber 31 behind the ram rod 21 so that vibration is transmitted to the vibration plate 22 b via the vibration rod 29. The vibration exciter 28 is attached to the lower surface of the ram rod 21, but a guide roller for moving the ram rod 21 at the time of extrusion is installed at the lower part of the ram rod 21, and the exciter 28 and the guide roller can collide with each other. In such a case, it is necessary to change the support guide method of the ram rod 21. For example, the guide roller in the range in which the vibrator 28 moves is changed to a ram shoe type that moves together with the ram rod 21, or the guide roller is not arranged in that range. There is a problem that it is expensive.

  In addition, in order to effectively apply vibration, it is considered desirable that the gravity center position of the vibrator and the gravity center position of the vibration rod coincide with each other in the vibration direction. It is not preferable that is installed at the lower part of the ram rod 21.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and when the ram head at the tip of the ram is pressed against the coke mass in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven and the coke mass is pushed out of the carbonization chamber, vibration is applied to the coke mass. An object of the present invention is to provide a coke extrusion device capable of effectively imparting vibrations to a coke lump without greatly modifying the equipment as a coke extrusion device that can be extruded while being extruded.

The features of the present invention for solving such problems are as follows.
(1) A coke extrusion apparatus capable of pushing out a coke lump while applying vibration to the coke lump when pushing the ram head at the tip of the extrusion ram against the coke lump in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven, At least a part of the pressing surface of the ram head is composed of a vibrating part that can vibrate, and a vibration exciter for vibrating the vibration part is provided outside the pushing ram, and the vibration exciter has an even number of vibrations. And a pedestal for fixing the vibration motor, the pedestal covering the upper and both sides of the ram rod in a plane perpendicular to the pushing direction of the ram rod which is the pushing rod of the ram head, and the lower portion being opened. The coke extrusion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the same number of the excitation motors are fixed to both side surfaces of the pedestal.
(2) The coke extrusion device according to (1), wherein the vibration unit and the vibration exciter are connected via a vibration rod.
(3) The coke pushing device according to (1) or (2), wherein the vibration exciter is installed on a cart capable of traveling on a rail.
(4) The coke pushing device according to (3), wherein the vibration exciter is attached to the traveling carriage via a spring.
(5) The minimum frequency of the resonance of the movement that opens and closes both sides of the pedestal is at least twice the maximum frequency of the basic vibration of the shaker, (1) to (4), Coke extrusion device.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to push a coke lump while applying vibration to a coke block without making a large-scale modification to a coke extrusion facility of a conventional coke oven, and to reliably ram heads without attenuating the vibration force of a shaker. This can be transmitted to the excitation unit, and the pushing load can be reduced. As a result, damage to the furnace wall of the coke oven can be suppressed, operation delay due to clogging can be avoided, and coke productivity can be increased.

  When pushing the ram head of the extrusion device against the coke lump in the coking chamber of the coke oven to push out the coke lump from the carbonization chamber, vibration is effectively applied in the design of the coke extrusion device that performs extrusion while applying vibration to the coke lump. In order to achieve this, the present inventors considered that it is particularly important to design carefully considering the relationship between the direction of the vibration force and the position of the center of gravity of the object. As described above, the vibration exciter must be attached to the portion of the extrusion device behind the ram rod that does not enter the carbonization chamber, and the vibration rod (vibration plate) installed in the ram head is attached to the vibration rod. It is considered that a method of transmitting vibrations via the is suitable. When using a vibration rod to transmit the vibration force of the shaker to the vibration part of the ram head, the vibration rod reliably transmits the vibration force of the vibration machine to the vibration part of the ram head without being attenuated as much as possible. It is desirable to accurately transmit the vibration force in the axial direction of the vibration rod. For this purpose, it is desirable to roughly match the shaft position / direction of the vibration rod and the center of gravity position / direction of the vibration exciter. If the above is satisfied, the position of the center of gravity in the direction of transmitting vibration and the position of the center of gravity of the vibrator may be separated.

  The ram rod part of the extrusion device connected to the ram head usually has a box-like structure with a vertically long section, and a long cylindrical structure, but the excitation rod is the simplest to place along this, for example, A pipe can be provided along the left and right sides of the ram rod, and this can be used as a vibration rod. The vibration rod can also be placed inside the ram rod. When the excitation rod is installed in this way, the center of gravity of the excitation rod becomes the center height position of the pipe, and when the left and right rods are considered as one body, the center of gravity becomes the intermediate position between the left and right rods. The direction of transmitting vibration is the axial direction of the excitation rod. Since the ram rod is installed almost horizontally, the position of the center of gravity here can be said to be a position in a vertical section of the ram rod.

  As described above, in order to efficiently transmit the excitation force, it is desirable to match the position of the center of gravity of the vibrator (within the vertical section of the ram rod from the above description) with the position of the center of gravity of the excitation rod. . Further, it is desirable to match the vibration direction with the axial direction of the vibration rod. In other words, it is desirable that the height of the center of gravity of the vibration motor as the main part of the vibration exciter and the pedestal portion as a base structure to which the vibration motor is attached are matched to the position of the center of gravity of the vibration rod and the axial direction.

  Since the position of the center of gravity of the vibration rod in the vertical cross section is inside the ram rod, the position where the vibration exciter is installed is preferably the same position as the ram rod. However, at present, there is no compact shaker that can be installed inside the ram rod, so it is practical to use a vibration motor that is used in combination with an even number that is normally used. Considering the use of a plurality of vibration motors in this way, it is considered appropriate to arrange the same number of vibration motors on both sides of the ram rod so as to surround the ram rod.

  Next, the structure of the vibrator will be described.

  Exciting motors used in the exciter may be used independently, but in many cases, even number (usually two) is used and fixed to the object to be vibrated, and each of the vibrating weights (eccentric weights) is fixed. A specific unidirectional vibration force is obtained by rotating in the reverse direction with a vibration motor. The number of excitation motors can be increased according to the required excitation force.

  This principle will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 shows that the vibration weights of the two excitation motors are rotated in the reverse direction. When the two excitation motors are in the positional relationship of FIG. 10, they are rotated in the opposite direction and in the same phase relationship. Then, centrifugal forces indicated by dotted arrows are generated on the vibrating weights 19a and 19b, respectively, but the forces in the X-axis direction cancel each other, the forces in the Y-axis direction strengthen, and as a result, a vibration force in the Y-axis direction is obtained. Can do.

  One vibration motor has a structure in which vibration weights are attached to both ends of the rotation shaft of the motor. In most cases, the center of gravity is almost the same as the center position of the motor, and the direction of generation of vibration force is the center of gravity position. It is a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis.

  Therefore, in the case of FIG. 10 using two vibration motors, the height in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 10 is the same, and the direction perpendicular to the vibration direction (here Y-axis direction) (here X It is desirable to arrange two in the axial direction.

  When the two excitation motors having the same specifications are considered as one system, the center of gravity position is the center of the line segment connecting the center positions of the two motors (marked with x in FIG. 10).

  Further, in order to cancel the force in the X direction of the vibration motor with certainty, the base on which the vibration motor is mounted needs to have a necessary and sufficient rigidity in the X direction.

  Examining the structure of a realistic extrusion device based on the above, since the ram rod is box-shaped as described above, it is appropriate that the pedestal to which the vibration exciter is attached has a structure surrounding it.

  However, below the ram rod there are wheels and other structures that support the ram rod. In order to avoid contact with these structures, it is desirable that the pedestal has a bowl shape, such as a U-shape, which surrounds the upper and left sides of the ram rod and opens the lower part.

  From the above, align the center of gravity of the bowl-shaped pedestal with the position of the center of gravity of the excitation rod in the cross section perpendicular to the traveling direction of the ram rod, and place the excitation motor in a symmetrical position so that the center of gravity of the excitation rod It is important to design the pedestal so that the height matches the center of gravity.

  In order to prevent the vibration generator from causing unnecessary vibrations, it is desirable to match the three-dimensional center-of-gravity positions of the bowl-shaped base and the plurality of vibration motors.

  Note that the shape of the vibrator does not need to be completely symmetrical, and it is sufficient if the center of gravity is aligned with the vibration rod or the like.

  One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a side view for explaining an embodiment of a coke extrusion apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view thereof.

  The coke extrusion device 1 includes an extrusion ram 2, a vibration unit 5, a vibration exciter 9 and a vibration rod 8, and the extrusion ram 2 includes a ram rod 3 and a ram head 4 attached to the tip of the ram rod 3. The vibrator 9 includes a vibration motor 6 and a pedestal 7. In this coke extrusion apparatus 1, a part of the pressing surface of the ram head 4 that is pressed against the coke lump in the carbonization chamber is a vibration unit (vibration plate) 5. A vibration machine 9 for vibrating the vibration unit 5 is disposed in the vicinity of the rear end of the ram rod 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the pedestal 7 of the vibration motor 6 has a U-shape in which a lower part is opened in a cross section perpendicular to the length direction of the ram rod 3, and has a bowl shape with respect to the ram rod 3. Is arranged. The vibration motor 6 is fixed to a base 7, and the vibration unit 5 and the base 7 are connected via a vibration rod 8. The base 7 and the vibration rod 8 may be connected at an appropriate position inside the base. 1 to 3, the crosses in the drawings are the centroids of the respective components, and indicate that the centroids coincide with each other in the vibration direction.

  The vibration exciter having the above saddle-shaped pedestal may require a movement (stationary) different from the movement synchronized with the ram rod, so that it is desirable to have a structure not supported by the ram rod. In order to do so, it is necessary to support and move the vibrator separately from the ram rod so that it can move. Separate rails are installed on the left and right of the ram rod so that the same movement as the ram rod can be achieved. It is desirable to have a structure in which a cart with wheels so as to be able to travel on is placed and a vibration exciter is placed on the cart. By connecting via a spring, the vibration in the horizontal direction of the vibrator is stabilized. It is not desirable that the carriage is separated into left and right, and in order to avoid contact with the guide roller of the ram rod, it is desirable that the main body part is a substantially bowl-shaped with the lower part opened like the shaker.

  The case where a shaker is installed in a trolley | bogie is shown in FIGS. FIG. 4 is a side view of an embodiment of the coke extrusion apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view thereof. The x mark in the figure is the center of gravity of each component.

  The carriage 10 has wheels 11 so that the carriage 10 can travel on the rail 12. The lower part of the base 7 of the vibration exciter 9 and the lower part of the carriage 10 are connected by a spring 13, and the vibration exciter 9 is disposed on the carriage 10 so as to vibrate.

  In order to further stabilize the vibration caused by the vibrator in the horizontal direction, it is desirable to further connect the upper part of the carriage and the upper part of the vibrator via a spring.

  7 to 9 show an embodiment in which a vibration exciter is connected to a pedestal via a spring at the upper and lower portions. FIG. 7 is a side view of an embodiment of the coke extrusion apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 9 is a sectional view thereof. The x mark in the figure is the center of gravity of each component.

  In the above embodiment, the excitation rod is installed along the left and right outer surfaces of the ram rod. However, since the ram rod has a hollow box structure, the excitation rod may be arranged inside the ram rod. Is possible.

  Further, it is preferable to provide a connection / separation mechanism for releasing the connection between the vibration exciter and the vibration exciter as necessary so that the vibration exciter can be separated from the pushing ram.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, a part of the pressing surface of the ram head is used as the vibration unit, but the entire pressing surface of the ram head can be used as the vibration unit.

  By using the above extrusion apparatus, extrusion can be performed while effectively applying vibration to the coke mass. On the other hand, as described above, it is necessary to use a pair of vibration motors to cancel the vibration force in the left-right direction, so that the base portion of the vertical vibrator needs to be sufficiently reinforced. However, if the pedestal portion is made too strong, the mass becomes excessive, the rail structure must be able to withstand this, and a load countermeasure for the frame structure of the extruder on which the rail is installed is also necessary. In addition, in order to synchronize the movement of the shaker with the ram rod, when the structure is such that the shaker is pulled by the shake rod, the traction force increases, and there is a possibility that problems such as excessive treatment will occur. is there.

  Therefore, with the vibration motor attached to the vertical pedestal, the vibration mode when an excitation force is applied is analyzed by FEM calculation, etc., and the lowest frequency of the mode in which the lower part of the vertical pedestal opens and closes Is designed to be more than twice the highest frequency of the basic vibration of the vibrator, so that it is possible to prevent abnormal vibration of the bowl-shaped pedestal and rotation failure of the vibration motor, and to prevent an increase in mass. It becomes possible. Here, the frequency of the fundamental vibration is a fundamental vibration frequency determined by the number of rotations in the case of a vibration motor, and does not take into account the additionally generated higher-order frequency.

  A procedure (operation state) in the case where a coke lump is pushed out from the carbonization chamber using the coke pushing apparatus configured as described above will be described.

  First, the ram head is advanced toward the carbonization chamber by a rack-pinion drive mechanism using a rack on the upper surface of the ram rod and a ram drive device pinion. The shaker also travels in synchronization with the ram rod and advances toward the carbonization chamber. Next, the ram head is pressed against the coke lump in the carbonization chamber, and the vibration unit is vibrated in the pushing direction by a vibration exciter, and the ram head is advanced while applying vibration to the coke lump. At this time, the vibration exciter also runs in synchronization with the ram rod and moves forward. As a result, the friction between the coke lump and the carbonization chamber furnace wall changes from static friction to dynamic friction, and the friction coefficient decreases, thereby reducing the extrusion load. Usually, the pushing load is maximized until the ram head is advanced to the center of the carbonizing chamber. When the shaker reaches the ram drive unit, the ram head has sufficiently reached the center of the carbonization chamber, so if vibration is applied to the coke mass until the shaker reaches the ram drive unit, it will be pushed out. The load can be effectively reduced. When the ram head has advanced to a position where all of the coke mass is pushed out of the carbonization chamber, the extrusion ends there. As a result, damage to the carbonization chamber furnace wall can be suppressed, operation delay due to clogging can be avoided, and productivity can be increased.

It is a side view of the coke extrusion apparatus concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the coke extrusion apparatus concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the coke extrusion apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the coke extrusion apparatus which concerns on other one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the coke extrusion apparatus which concerns on other one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the coke extrusion apparatus which concerns on other one Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the coke extrusion apparatus which concerns on other one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the coke extrusion apparatus which concerns on other one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the coke extrusion apparatus which concerns on other one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the vibration principle of a vibration motor. It is a side view of the coke extrusion apparatus of a prior art. It is a perspective view of the coke extrusion apparatus of a prior art.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Coke extrusion apparatus 2 Extrusion ram 3 Ram rod 4 Ram head 5 Excitation part 6 Excitation motor 7 Base 8 Excitation rod 9 Excitation machine 10 Bogie 11 Wheel 12 Rail 13 Spring 14 Spring 19a Oscillating weight 19b Oscillating weight 20 Extrusion ram 21 Lamb rod 22 Ram head 22a Upper pressing surface 22b Intermediate pressing surface (vibration plate)
22c Lower pressing surface 28 Exciter 29 Exciting rod 30 Coke extrusion device 31 Carbonizing chamber of coke oven 32 Coke lump

Claims (5)

  A coke extrusion device capable of extruding a coke lump while applying vibration to the coke lump when pushing the ram head at the end of the extrusion ram against the coke lump in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven, At least a part of the abutting surface is composed of a vibrating portion that can vibrate, and is provided with a vibration exciter for vibrating the vibration portion outside the push-out ram, and the vibration exciter includes an even number of vibration motors and the vibration motor. A pedestal that fixes a vibration motor, the pedestal covering the upper and both sides of the ram rod on the surface perpendicular to the pushing direction of the ram rod that is the pushing rod of the ram head, and the lower portion is open. The coke extrusion device is characterized in that the same number of the excitation motors are fixed to both side surfaces of the pedestal.   The coke extrusion device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration unit and the vibration exciter are connected via a vibration rod.   The coke extrusion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the vibration exciter is installed on a carriage capable of traveling on rails.   The coke pushing device according to claim 3, wherein the vibration exciter is attached to the traveling carriage via a spring.   5. The coke extrusion device according to claim 1, wherein a minimum frequency of resonance of movement of both sides of the pedestal is at least twice as high as a basic frequency of the vibration exciter. .

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