JP5153349B2 - 3-way ball valve - Google Patents

3-way ball valve Download PDF

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JP5153349B2
JP5153349B2 JP2008004279A JP2008004279A JP5153349B2 JP 5153349 B2 JP5153349 B2 JP 5153349B2 JP 2008004279 A JP2008004279 A JP 2008004279A JP 2008004279 A JP2008004279 A JP 2008004279A JP 5153349 B2 JP5153349 B2 JP 5153349B2
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valve
valve body
opening
port
ports
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JP2009168063A (en
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康正 本間
元洋 古谷
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Azbil Corp
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Azbil Corp
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Priority to JP2008004279A priority Critical patent/JP5153349B2/en
Priority to TW097148894A priority patent/TW200933052A/en
Priority to KR1020080138262A priority patent/KR101094552B1/en
Priority to CN2009100014906A priority patent/CN101482189B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/06—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having spherical surfaces; Packings therefor
    • F16K5/0605—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having spherical surfaces; Packings therefor with particular plug arrangements, e.g. particular shape or built-in means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/08—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks
    • F16K11/087—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks with spherical plug
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/06—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of taps or cocks
    • F16K27/067—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of taps or cocks with spherical plugs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means
    • F16K31/60—Handles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/06—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having spherical surfaces; Packings therefor
    • F16K5/0663—Packings
    • F16K5/0689—Packings between housing and plug

Description

本発明は、ビルの空調設備等に用いられる三方ボール弁に関する。   The present invention relates to a three-way ball valve used for air conditioning equipment in a building.

従来、三方ボール弁は、例えばビルの空調設備における湯水混合または分流等に使用されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   Conventionally, a three-way ball valve is used for hot water mixing or branching in an air conditioning facility of a building, for example (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

前記特許文献１に記載されている三方ボール弁１は、図８に示すように、弁本体２内に回動自在に組み込まれたボール状の弁体３と、この弁体３を回動させる弁軸４とを備えている。   As shown in FIG. 8, the three-way ball valve 1 described in Patent Document 1 includes a ball-shaped valve body 3 that is rotatably incorporated in a valve body 2 and rotates the valve body 3. And a valve shaft 4.

前記弁本体２は、前記弁軸４が挿入される弁軸用孔５と、前記弁軸４の軸線の延長線と直交する方向において対向する第１、第２の開口６、７と、前記弁軸４の軸線方向において開口する第３の開口８とを有し、内部中央に弁体３を収納する弁室９が形成されている。   The valve body 2 includes a valve shaft hole 5 into which the valve shaft 4 is inserted, first and second openings 6 and 7 that face each other in a direction perpendicular to an extension line of the valve shaft 4, A valve chamber 9 that has a third opening 8 that opens in the axial direction of the valve shaft 4 and that houses the valve body 3 is formed in the center of the interior.

前記弁体３には、外周面に開口する第１、第２、第３のポート１０、１１、１２および嵌合部１３を有している。第１、第２のポート１０、１１は、弁体３の外周面で弁軸４の軸線の延長線と直交する方向において回転方向に９０°離間して形成されている。第３のポート１２は、前記弁軸４の軸線方向で弁体３の下面中央に形成されている。嵌合部１３は弁体３の上面中央に形成され、前記弁軸４の内端４ａが嵌合している。なお、１４、１５は、弁体３と弁室９との隙間をシールする第１、第２のシートリング、１６、１７、１８は第１、第２、第３の開口６、７、８にそれぞれ接続された配管を示す。   The valve body 3 includes first, second, and third ports 10, 11, and 12 and a fitting portion 13 that open to the outer peripheral surface. The first and second ports 10 and 11 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 3 so as to be separated from each other by 90 ° in the rotation direction in a direction orthogonal to the extension line of the axis of the valve shaft 4. The third port 12 is formed at the center of the lower surface of the valve body 3 in the axial direction of the valve shaft 4. The fitting part 13 is formed in the center of the upper surface of the valve body 3, and the inner end 4a of the valve shaft 4 is fitted. In addition, 14 and 15 are the 1st, 2nd seat rings which seal the clearance gap between the valve body 3 and the valve chamber 9, and 16, 17 and 18 are 1st, 2nd, 3rd opening 6,7,8. Shows the pipes connected to each.

このような弁体３を備えた三方ボール弁１は、弁軸４によって弁体３を９０°の角度範囲内で往復回動させることにより弁体３によって独立した２つの流路を形成することができる。すなわち、弁体３を回動させて図８に示す状態にすると、第１のポート１０が第１の開口６に対して全開状態になり、第２のポート１１が第２の開口７に対して全閉状態に切り替わる。この状態において、第１のポート１０と第３のポート１２とを介して配管１６と配管１８を接続する流路が形成される。一方、配管１７および１８は弁体３によって遮断される。したがって、配管１６内の流体（例えば、水）１９は、第１のポート１０および第３のポート１２を通って第３の開口８から流出し配管１８に流れる。次に、図８に示す状態から弁体３を矢印Ｂ方向に９０°回動させて第１のポート１０を第１の開口６に対して全閉状態にし、第２のポート１１を第２の開口７に対して全開状態に切り替えると、第２のポート１１と第３のポート１２を介して配管１７と配管１８を接続する流路が形成される。一方、配管１６および１８は弁体３によって遮断される。したがって、配管１７内の流体（例えば、温水）２０は、第２のポート１１および第３のポート１２を通って第３の開口８から流出し配管１８に流れる。また、図８に示す状態から弁体３を矢印Ｂ方向に９０°以内の角度範囲内で所要角度回動させて第１、第２のポート１０、１１を第１、第２の開口６、７に対して中間開度にすると、第１、第２のポート１０、１１が第１、第２の開口６、７に対してそれぞれ半開状態になり、第１、第２、第３のポート１０、１１、１２を介して配管１６、１７と配管１８を接続する流路が形成される。このため、配管１６、１７内の流体１９、２０は第１、第２のポート１０、１１から弁体３内に流入すると混合され、第３のポート１２を通って配管１８に流れる。   The three-way ball valve 1 provided with such a valve body 3 forms two independent flow paths by the valve body 3 by reciprocatingly rotating the valve body 3 within an angle range of 90 ° by the valve shaft 4. Can do. That is, when the valve body 3 is rotated to the state shown in FIG. 8, the first port 10 is fully open with respect to the first opening 6, and the second port 11 is with respect to the second opening 7. Switch to the fully closed state. In this state, a flow path that connects the pipe 16 and the pipe 18 through the first port 10 and the third port 12 is formed. On the other hand, the pipes 17 and 18 are blocked by the valve body 3. Therefore, the fluid (for example, water) 19 in the pipe 16 flows out from the third opening 8 through the first port 10 and the third port 12 and flows into the pipe 18. Next, from the state shown in FIG. 8, the valve body 3 is rotated 90 ° in the direction of arrow B to fully close the first port 10 with respect to the first opening 6, and the second port 11 is set to the second state. When the opening 7 is switched to the fully open state, a flow path that connects the pipe 17 and the pipe 18 through the second port 11 and the third port 12 is formed. On the other hand, the pipes 16 and 18 are blocked by the valve body 3. Therefore, the fluid (for example, hot water) 20 in the pipe 17 flows out from the third opening 8 through the second port 11 and the third port 12 and flows into the pipe 18. Further, from the state shown in FIG. 8, the valve body 3 is rotated by a required angle within an angle range of 90 ° or less in the direction of arrow B, and the first and second ports 10 and 11 are moved to the first and second openings 6, When the intermediate opening is set to 7, the first and second ports 10 and 11 are in a half-open state with respect to the first and second openings 6 and 7, respectively, and the first, second and third ports A flow path that connects the pipes 16, 17 and the pipe 18 through 10, 11, 12 is formed. For this reason, the fluids 19 and 20 in the pipes 16 and 17 are mixed when flowing into the valve body 3 from the first and second ports 10 and 11, and flow into the pipe 18 through the third port 12.

しかしながら、このような従来の三方ボール弁１においては、弁体３の回転角度が中間開度になると、構造上第１のポート１０から流入した流体１９と、第２のポート１１から流入した流体２０が弁体３内で衝突することにより第３のポート１２から流出する流体１９、２０の流量（Ｃｖ値）が減少するために、差圧が大きくなり、騒音や配管の振動等が起こり易いという問題があった。   However, in such a conventional three-way ball valve 1, when the rotation angle of the valve body 3 reaches an intermediate opening, the fluid 19 that flows in from the first port 10 and the fluid that flows in from the second port 11 are structurally formed. Since the flow rate (Cv value) of the fluids 19 and 20 flowing out from the third port 12 is reduced due to the collision of the valve 20 in the valve body 3, the differential pressure becomes large, and noise and vibration of the pipe are likely to occur. There was a problem.

そこで、このような問題を解決するために上記した特許文献１に記載された発明に係る三方ボール弁は、弁体内の通路に張り出す張出部を弁軸４の軸線の延長線上に形成することにより、第１、第２のポート１０、１１から流入する流体１９、２０の衝突を回避し、弁のＣｖ値を改善するようにしている。   Accordingly, in order to solve such a problem, the three-way ball valve according to the invention described in Patent Document 1 described above forms an overhanging portion that extends to the passage in the valve body on an extension line of the axis of the valve shaft 4. Thus, the collision of the fluids 19 and 20 flowing in from the first and second ports 10 and 11 is avoided, and the Cv value of the valve is improved.

特開２００２−１３０４９９号公報（第２頁、段落「０００１」〜「０００５」図５、図７）JP 2002-130499 A (2nd page, paragraphs “0001” to “0005” FIGS. 5 and 7)

上記したように、弁体の内部に張出部を突設した三方ボール弁においては、中間開度におけるＣｖ値を改善することができる。しかしながら、低開度時または高開度時、すなわち、第１のポート１０または第２のポート１１からのみ流体１９または２０が弁本体２内に流入する開度時においては、張出部が流体１９または２０の阻害要因になり、第３のポートに流出する流体の流量が減少し、弁としての流量特性を低下させるという問題があった。   As described above, in the three-way ball valve in which the projecting portion protrudes inside the valve body, the Cv value at the intermediate opening can be improved. However, at the time of low opening or high opening, that is, at the opening at which the fluid 19 or 20 flows into the valve body 2 only from the first port 10 or the second port 11, the overhanging portion is the fluid. 19 or 20 becomes a hindrance factor, and the flow rate of the fluid flowing out to the third port is reduced, resulting in a problem that the flow rate characteristic as a valve is lowered.

本発明は、上記した従来の問題を解決するためになされたもので、その目的とするところは、低開度時や高開度時のＣｖ値を減少させることなく中間開度時のＣｖ値を改善することができるようにした三方ボール弁を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-described conventional problems, and its object is to reduce the Cv value at the intermediate opening without decreasing the Cv value at the low opening or the high opening. It is an object of the present invention to provide a three-way ball valve that can improve the above-mentioned characteristics.

本発明は上記目的を達成するために、弁軸が挿入される弁軸用孔と、前記弁軸の軸線方向と直交する方向において対向する第１、第２の開口と、前記弁軸の軸線方向に開口する第３の開口とを有し、内部に弁室が形成された弁本体と、前記弁軸が嵌合する嵌合部と、前記弁軸の軸線方向と直交する方向において回転方向に９０°離間して形成された第１、第２のポートと、前記第３の開口に対応して前記弁軸の軸線方向に形成された第３のポートとを有し、前記弁室内に第１、第２のシートリングを介して回動自在に配設されたボール状の弁体とを備え、前記弁体の前記第１及び第２のポートと対向することがない前記弁室の内壁と、前記弁体の前記第１及び第２のポートが形成されていない外周面と、前記第１、第２のシートリングとの間には前記弁体の第１及び第２のポートを経由せずに前記第３の開口に連通する連通路が形成され、前記連通路を形成する前記弁体の外周面に、前記第１、第２のポートが中間開度のときのみに前記第１、第２の開口から弁本体内に流入する流体の一部を前記連通路を経由して前記第３の開口に導く第１、第２のバイパス通路をそれぞれ形成し、前記第１のバイパス通路の通路断面積は、第１のポートの開度が０％において零で、０％から５０％の範囲内では徐々に増加し、開度が５０％を超えると徐々に減少して１００％において零になり、前記第２のバイパス通路の通路断面積は、第２のポートの開度が０％において零で、０％から５０％の範囲内では徐々に増加し、開度が５０％を超えると徐々に減少して１００％において零になり、前記第１、第２のバイパス通路のいずれか一方は、弁体の外周面に対向して配設された一対の凹部からなり、これらの凹部間には表面が弁本体の外周面と同一の曲率からなる平面視弧状の残余部が設けられているものである。 To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a valve shaft hole into which a valve shaft is inserted, first and second openings facing each other in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the valve shaft, and the axis of the valve shaft. A valve body having a valve chamber formed therein, a fitting portion into which the valve shaft is fitted, and a rotation direction in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the valve shaft And a third port formed in the axial direction of the valve shaft so as to correspond to the third opening, and is provided in the valve chamber. A ball-shaped valve body rotatably disposed via first and second seat rings, the valve chamber not facing the first and second ports of the valve body Between the inner wall, the outer peripheral surface of the valve body where the first and second ports are not formed, and the first and second seat rings Is formed with a communication path communicating with the third opening without passing through the first and second ports of the valve body, and the first, second, Only when the second port has an intermediate opening degree, the first and second fluids that lead part of the fluid flowing into the valve body from the first and second openings to the third opening via the communication passage. The first cross-sectional area of the first bypass passage is zero when the opening degree of the first port is 0%, and gradually increases within the range of 0% to 50%. Gradually decreases to 100% when the value exceeds 50%, and the cross-sectional area of the second bypass passage is zero when the opening degree of the second port is 0%, from 0% to 50%. It gradually increases within the range, gradually decreases when the opening exceeds 50%, and becomes zero at 100%. One of the first and second bypass passages is composed of a pair of recesses disposed opposite the outer peripheral surface of the valve body, and the surface has the same curvature as the outer peripheral surface of the valve body between these recesses. The residual part of arc view shape which consists of is provided .

本発明においては、弁の中間開度のとき、弁体内では第１、第２のポートから流入した流体が互いに衝突するため、第３のポートを経て第３の開口に流出する流量は減少する。一方、弁体の外周面に形成した第１、第２のバイパス通路に流入する流体は連通路を経て第３の開口に流出するため、第３の開口を通過する流体の総流量が増加し、中間開度時における弁のＣｖ値が改善される。   In the present invention, when the valve is at an intermediate opening, the fluids flowing in from the first and second ports collide with each other in the valve body, so the flow rate flowing out to the third opening through the third port decreases. . On the other hand, since the fluid flowing into the first and second bypass passages formed on the outer peripheral surface of the valve body flows out to the third opening through the communication passage, the total flow rate of the fluid passing through the third opening increases. The Cv value of the valve at the intermediate opening is improved.

また、第１のバイパス通路の通路断面積は、第１のポートの開度が０％において零で、０％から５０％の範囲内では徐々に増加し、開度が５０％を超えると徐々に減少して１００％において零になり、同じく第２のバイパス通路の通路断面積は、第２のポートの開度が０％において零で、０％から５０％の範囲内では徐々に増加し、開度が５０％を超えると徐々に減少して１００％において零になるので、全開時のＣｖ値が増加したり減少したりすることがなく、また第１、第２のポートの全閉時の締め切り性を良好に確保することができる。   The passage cross-sectional area of the first bypass passage is zero when the opening degree of the first port is 0%, gradually increases within the range of 0% to 50%, and gradually when the opening degree exceeds 50%. The cross sectional area of the second bypass passage is zero when the opening degree of the second port is 0% and gradually increases within the range of 0% to 50%. When the opening degree exceeds 50%, it gradually decreases and becomes zero at 100%, so that the Cv value at full opening does not increase or decrease, and the first and second ports are fully closed. The deadline at the time can be secured satisfactorily.

以下、本発明を図面に示す実施の形態に基づいて詳細に説明する。
図１は本発明に係る三方ボール弁の一実施の形態を示す断面図、図２は弁体の第１、第２のポート側から見た外観斜視図、図３は弁体の第１、第２のバイパス通路側から見た外観斜視図、図４は弁体を示す図で、（ａ）は弁体の中心を通る水平断面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）図のＡ−Ａ線断面図、（ｃ）は（ａ）図のＢ−Ｂ線断面図、図５は図１のＶ−Ｖ線断面図で、（ａ）は第１のポートの弁開度が１００％の状態を示す断面図、（ｂ）は第１のポートの弁開度が５０％の状態を示す断面図、（ｃ）は第１のポートの弁開度が０％の状態を示す断面図である。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a three-way ball valve according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an external perspective view seen from the first and second port sides of the valve body, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a view showing the valve body, (a) is a horizontal sectional view passing through the center of the valve body, and (b) is a line AA in FIG. Sectional view, (c) is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 5 (a), FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 1, and (a) is a state in which the valve opening degree of the first port is 100%. (B) is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the valve opening degree of the first port is 50%, (c) is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the valve opening degree of the first port is 0%. .

これらの図おいて、全体を符号３０で示す三方ボール弁は、図８に示した従来の三方ボール弁１と、弁体３１の構造が若干異なるだけで、その他の構造は同一である。すなわち、三方ボール弁３０は、十字型の弁本体２と、この弁本体２の内部中央に水平方向（矢印Ａ、Ｂ方向）に回動自在に収納された弁体３１と、この弁体３１を矢印Ａ、Ｂ方向に略９０°の角度範囲内で往復回動させる弁軸４等で構成されている。なお、図８と同一構成部品、部分については同一符号をもって示し、その説明を適宜省略する。   In these figures, the three-way ball valve indicated generally by the reference numeral 30 is the same as the conventional three-way ball valve 1 shown in FIG. That is, the three-way ball valve 30 includes a cross-shaped valve body 2, a valve body 31 accommodated in the inner center of the valve body 2 so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction (arrow A and B directions), and the valve body 31. Is constituted by a valve shaft 4 or the like that reciprocally rotates in the direction of arrows A and B within an angle range of approximately 90 °. Note that the same components and portions as those in FIG. 8 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

前記弁本体２は、通常鋳物製の弁ケース３４と管体３５との二つの部材によって形成されている。弁ケース３４は、上下および左右の４方向に開放する略横向きＴ字状（または十字状）に形成することにより、４つの孔、すなわち上方に開口し前記弁軸４が回動自在に貫通する弁軸用孔５と、前記弁軸４の軸線と直交する方向に開口し互いに対向する第１の開口６および接続孔３８と、下方に開口する第３の開口８とを有している。弁ケース３４の内部中央、すなわち弁軸用孔５の直下部分は、前記弁体３１を回動自在に収納する弁室９を形成している。   The valve body 2 is formed by two members, a valve case 34 and a pipe body 35, which are usually made of casting. The valve case 34 is formed in a substantially lateral T-shape (or cross shape) that opens in four directions, up and down and left and right, so that it opens in four holes, that is, upwards, and the valve shaft 4 penetrates freely. It has a valve shaft hole 5, a first opening 6 and a connection hole 38 that open in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the valve shaft 4 and face each other, and a third opening 8 that opens downward. An inner center of the valve case 34, that is, a portion directly below the valve shaft hole 5 forms a valve chamber 9 in which the valve body 31 is rotatably accommodated.

前記管体３５は直管からなり、上流側開口端部が前記弁ケース３４の接続孔３８にシール部材４１を介して螺合され、下流側開口端部が第２の開口７を形成している。このため、弁ケース３４の第１の開口６と管体３５の第２の開口７は、弁軸４の軸線方向と直交する方向において対向している。弁本体２内への弁体３１の組込みに際しては、管体３５を弁ケース３４から取外した状態で弁体３１を第１、第２のシートリング１４、１５とともに組込む。そして、管体３５を弁ケース３４の接続口３８にねじ込むことにより、第１、第２のシートリング１４、１５を弁体３１の外周面に押し付け、これにより弁体３１を回動可能に支持するとともに弁室９と弁体３１との隙間をシールする。弁室９の内壁と、弁体３１の外周面と第１、第２のシートリング１４，１５との間に形成された狭い隙間は、前記第３の開口８に連通する連通路３９を形成している。   The pipe body 35 is a straight pipe, the upstream opening end is screwed into the connection hole 38 of the valve case 34 via the seal member 41, and the downstream opening end forms the second opening 7. Yes. For this reason, the first opening 6 of the valve case 34 and the second opening 7 of the tubular body 35 face each other in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the valve shaft 4. When assembling the valve body 31 into the valve body 2, the valve body 31 is assembled together with the first and second seat rings 14 and 15 with the tube body 35 removed from the valve case 34. Then, the first and second seat rings 14 and 15 are pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 31 by screwing the tube body 35 into the connection port 38 of the valve case 34, thereby supporting the valve body 31 so as to be rotatable. In addition, the gap between the valve chamber 9 and the valve body 31 is sealed. A narrow gap formed between the inner wall of the valve chamber 9, the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 31 and the first and second seat rings 14, 15 forms a communication passage 39 that communicates with the third opening 8. doing.

前記弁軸４は、弁本体２の弁軸用孔５にシール部材４０を介して回動自在に挿入され、内端に突設した嵌合部４ａが前記弁体３１の嵌合部１３に挿入固定されている。弁軸４の外端は、電動アクチュエータ（図示せず）に連結されるか、またはハンドルが取付けられ手動操作されるように構成されている。   The valve shaft 4 is rotatably inserted into the valve shaft hole 5 of the valve body 2 via a seal member 40, and a fitting portion 4 a protruding from the inner end is formed in the fitting portion 13 of the valve body 31. Insertion is fixed. The outer end of the valve shaft 4 is connected to an electric actuator (not shown), or is configured to be manually operated with a handle attached.

前記弁体３１は、中空のボール状（球状）に形成され、第１、第２、第３のポート１０、１１、１２と、前記嵌合部１３を有している。第１、第２のポート１０、１１は、弁軸４の軸線と直交し弁体３１の回転中心Ｏを含む面内において弁体３１の回転方向に９０°離間して形成されている。第１、第２のポート１０、１１は、弁体３１内に形成したＬ字状の通路４３によって連通している。第３のポート１２は、弁軸４の軸線方向で弁体３１の下面中央に形成され、弁体３１内において前記通路４３に通路４４を介して連通している。弁体３１の上面中央には、前記弁軸４の嵌合部４ａが嵌合する前記嵌合凹部１３が形成されている。   The valve body 31 is formed in a hollow ball shape (spherical shape), and includes first, second, and third ports 10, 11, and 12 and the fitting portion 13. The first and second ports 10 and 11 are formed 90 ° apart from each other in the rotation direction of the valve body 31 in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the valve shaft 4 and including the rotation center O of the valve body 31. The first and second ports 10 and 11 communicate with each other by an L-shaped passage 43 formed in the valve body 31. The third port 12 is formed at the center of the lower surface of the valve body 31 in the axial direction of the valve shaft 4, and communicates with the passage 43 through the passage 44 in the valve body 31. In the center of the upper surface of the valve body 31, the fitting recess 13 into which the fitting portion 4a of the valve shaft 4 is fitted is formed.

また、弁体３１の外周面には、第１のポート１０の中間開度時（図５（ｂ））に前記第１の開口６から弁本体２内に流入する流体１９の一部を前記連通路３９を経由して前記第３の開口８に導く第１のバイパス通路４６が形成されている。この第１のバイパス通路４６は、図３〜図５に示すように、第１のポート１０の側方で第２のポート１１とは反対側に９０°回転した位置に形成されている。また、この第１のバイパス通路４６は、弁体３１の外周面で弁軸４の軸線と直交し回転中心Ｏを含む水平面を挟んでその上下に対向するように形成された２つの半円形の凹部４６ａ、４６ｂで構成されている。これらの凹部４６ａ、４６ｂは、弁体３１の外周面の一部を垂直に切断除去することにより形成され、平面視弧状の残余部４６ｃによって仕切られている。   Further, a part of the fluid 19 flowing into the valve body 2 from the first opening 6 at the intermediate opening degree of the first port 10 (FIG. 5B) is given to the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 31. A first bypass passage 46 that leads to the third opening 8 via the communication passage 39 is formed. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the first bypass passage 46 is formed at a position rotated by 90 ° on the side opposite to the second port 11 on the side of the first port 10. Further, the first bypass passage 46 has two semicircular shapes formed so as to be opposed to the upper and lower sides of the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 31 across the horizontal plane perpendicular to the axis of the valve shaft 4 and including the rotation center O. It is comprised by the recessed parts 46a and 46b. These concave portions 46a and 46b are formed by vertically cutting and removing a part of the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 31, and are partitioned by a residual portion 46c that is arcuate in plan view.

このような第１のバイパス通路４６は、２つの凹部４６ａ、４６ｂが半円形に形成されていることから、第１のポート１０の開度が０％から５０％の範囲内においては徐々に増加し、５０％から１００％の範囲内においては徐々に減少する通路断面積を有している。また、第１のバイパス通路４６は、弁（第１、第２のポート１０、１１）の締め切り性を確保するために第１、第２のシートリング１４、１５の内径より小さく形成されることにより、図５（ａ）に示すように第１のポート１０の全開時においては、第１、第２のシートリング１４、１５間に位置して第１、第２の開口６、７と連通路３９との連通を遮断し、図５（ｃ）に示すように第１のポート１０の全閉時においては、第１のシートリング１４内に位置して第１の開口６と連通路３９との連通を遮断する。   In such a first bypass passage 46, since the two concave portions 46a and 46b are formed in a semicircular shape, the opening degree of the first port 10 gradually increases in the range of 0% to 50%. In the range of 50% to 100%, the passage sectional area gradually decreases. Further, the first bypass passage 46 is formed to be smaller than the inner diameters of the first and second seat rings 14 and 15 in order to ensure the shut-off performance of the valves (first and second ports 10 and 11). Thus, as shown in FIG. 5A, when the first port 10 is fully opened, it is located between the first and second seat rings 14 and 15 and communicates with the first and second openings 6 and 7. The communication with the passage 39 is cut off, and when the first port 10 is fully closed as shown in FIG. 5C, the first opening 6 and the communication passage 39 are located in the first seat ring 14. Block communication with.

一方、図５（ｂ）に示すように第１のポート１０の中間開度時においては、第１のバイパス通路４６が移動して第１のシートリング１４と重なり合い、第１の開口６と連通路３９が第１のバイパス通路４６を介して連通する。このため、第１の開口６より弁本体２内に流入した流体１９は、その一部が第１のポート１０から弁体３１内に流入して第３のポート１２から第３の開口８に流出し、残りが第１のバイパス通路４６および連通路３９を経由して第３のポート８から流出する。   On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), when the first port 10 is at the intermediate opening, the first bypass passage 46 moves and overlaps the first seat ring 14 and communicates with the first opening 6. A passage 39 communicates with the first bypass passage 46. For this reason, a part of the fluid 19 that has flowed into the valve main body 2 from the first opening 6 flows into the valve body 31 from the first port 10 and enters the third opening 8 from the third port 12. The remaining portion flows out from the third port 8 via the first bypass passage 46 and the communication passage 39.

さらに、弁体３１の外周面には、前記第２のポート１１の中間開度時（図５（ｂ））に第２の開口７から弁本体２内に流入する流体２０の一部を前記連通路３９を経由して前記第３の開口８に導く第２のバイパス通路４７が形成されている。この第２のバイパス通路４７は、図３〜図５に示すように第２のポート１１の側方で第１のポート１０とは反対側に９０°回転した位置に形成されている。また、この第２のバイパス通路４７は、第１のバイパス通路４６と同一形状に形成することにより、弁体３１の外周面で弁軸４の軸線と直交し回転中心Ｏを含む水平面を挟んでその上下に対向するように形成された２つの半円形の凹部４７ａ、４７ｂで構成されている。これらの凹部４７ａ、４７ｂは、弁体３１の外周面の一部を垂直に切断除去することに形成され、平面視弧状の残余部４７ｃによって仕切られている。   Further, a part of the fluid 20 flowing into the valve body 2 from the second opening 7 at the intermediate opening degree of the second port 11 (FIG. 5B) is given to the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 31. A second bypass passage 47 that leads to the third opening 8 via the communication passage 39 is formed. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the second bypass passage 47 is formed at a position rotated by 90 ° to the side opposite to the first port 10 on the side of the second port 11. In addition, the second bypass passage 47 is formed in the same shape as the first bypass passage 46, so that the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 31 is perpendicular to the axis of the valve shaft 4 and includes a horizontal plane including the rotation center O. It consists of two semicircular recesses 47a and 47b formed so as to oppose each other. These concave portions 47a and 47b are formed by vertically cutting and removing a part of the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 31, and are partitioned by a residual portion 47c that is arcuate in plan view.

このような第２のバイパス通路４７は、２つの凹部４７ａ、４７ｂが半円形に形成されていることから、第２のポート１１の開度が０％から５０％の範囲内においては徐々に増加し、５０％から１００％の範囲内においては徐々に減少する通路断面積を有している。また、第２のバイパス通路４７は、弁の締め切り性を確保するために第１、第２のシートリング１４、１５の内径より小さく形成することにより、図５（ａ）に示すように第２のポート１１が全閉状態においては、第２のシートリング１５内に位置して第２の開口７と連通路３９との連通を遮断し、図５（ｃ）に示すように第２のポート１１が全開状態においては、第１、第２のシートリング１４、１５間に位置して第１、第２の開口６、７と連通路３９との連通を遮断する。   In such a second bypass passage 47, since the two concave portions 47a and 47b are formed in a semicircular shape, the opening degree of the second port 11 gradually increases when the range is from 0% to 50%. In the range of 50% to 100%, the passage sectional area gradually decreases. Further, the second bypass passage 47 is formed to be smaller than the inner diameters of the first and second seat rings 14 and 15 in order to secure the shut-off performance of the valve, so that the second bypass passage 47 as shown in FIG. In the fully closed state, the second port 7 is located in the second seat ring 15 to block communication between the second opening 7 and the communication passage 39, and as shown in FIG. When 11 is fully open, communication between the first and second openings 6 and 7 and the communication passage 39 is blocked between the first and second seat rings 14 and 15.

一方、図５（ｂ）に示すように第２のポート１１の中間開度時においては、第２のバイパス通路４７が移動して第２のシートリング１５と重なり合い、第２の開口７と連通路３９が第２のバイパス通路４７を介して連通する。このため、第２の開口７から弁本体２内に流入した流体２０は、その一部が第２のポート１１から弁体３１内に流入して第３のポート１２から第３の開口８に流出し、残りが第２のバイパス通路４７および連通路３９を経由して第３の開口８に流出する。   On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5B, when the second port 11 is at the intermediate opening, the second bypass passage 47 moves and overlaps the second seat ring 15, and communicates with the second opening 7. The passage 39 communicates with the second bypass passage 47. Therefore, a part of the fluid 20 flowing into the valve body 2 from the second opening 7 flows into the valve body 31 from the second port 11 and enters the third opening 8 from the third port 12. The remaining portion flows out to the third opening 8 via the second bypass passage 47 and the communication passage 39.

このように、本発明においては、弁体３１の外周面に第１、第２のバイパス通路４６、４７を形成しているので、図５（ｂ）に示す第１、第２のポート１０、１１の中間開度時における弁のＣｖ値を改善することができる。すなわち、第１、第２のポート１０、１１が中間開度のとき、第１、第２の開口６、７から流入した流体１９および２０は、第１、第２のポート１０、１１から弁体３１内に流入すると、弁体３１内で互いに衝突するため、第３のポート１２を経て第３の開口８に流出する流量は減少する。一方、流体１９、２０の一部は、第１、第２のバイパス通路４６，４７に流入すると、連通路３９を経て第３の開口８に流出するため、第３の開口８を通過する流体１９、２０の総流量が増加し、中間開度時における弁のＣｖ値を増大させる。   Thus, in the present invention, since the first and second bypass passages 46 and 47 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 31, the first and second ports 10 shown in FIG. The Cv value of the valve at the intermediate opening of 11 can be improved. That is, when the first and second ports 10 and 11 are at an intermediate opening, the fluids 19 and 20 flowing in from the first and second openings 6 and 7 are valved from the first and second ports 10 and 11. When flowing into the body 31, they collide with each other in the valve body 31, and the flow rate flowing out to the third opening 8 through the third port 12 decreases. On the other hand, when a part of the fluids 19 and 20 flows into the first and second bypass passages 46 and 47 and flows out to the third opening 8 through the communication passage 39, the fluid passing through the third opening 8. The total flow rate of 19 and 20 is increased, and the Cv value of the valve at the intermediate opening is increased.

また、第１のポート１０の全閉状態においては、第１のバイパス通路４６が第１のシートリング１４内に位置し、第１の開口６と連通路３９を完全に遮断しているので、流体１９が第１のポート１０を通って第３の開口８から漏洩することがなく、第１のポート１０の良好な締め切り性を確保することができる。   In the fully closed state of the first port 10, the first bypass passage 46 is located in the first seat ring 14 and completely blocks the first opening 6 and the communication passage 39. The fluid 19 does not leak from the third opening 8 through the first port 10, and a good shut-off property of the first port 10 can be ensured.

また、第２のポート１１の全閉状態においても、同様に第２のバイパス通路４７が第２のシートリング１５内に位置し、第２の開口７と連通路３９を完全に遮断しているので、流体２０が第２のポート１１を通って第３の開口８から漏洩することがなく、第２のポート１１の締め切り性を確保することができる。   Even in the fully closed state of the second port 11, the second bypass passage 47 is similarly located in the second seat ring 15, and completely blocks the second opening 7 and the communication passage 39. Therefore, the fluid 20 does not leak from the third opening 8 through the second port 11, and the shut-off property of the second port 11 can be ensured.

図６は三方ボール弁のＣｖ特性図である。
図６において、横軸は第１のポート１０の弁開度（０％〜１００％）、縦軸はＣｖ値、実線５０は図８に示した従来の三方ボール弁１のＣｖ特性、実線５１は本発明による三方ボール弁３０のＣｖ特性を示す。この図から明らかなように、従来の三方ボール弁１では中間開度時のＣｖ値が全開時のＣｖ値に対して４０％程度減少しているが、本発明による三方ボール弁３０ではＣｖ値の減少を２０％程度に抑えることができた。これは第１、第２のバイパス通路４６、４７の付加により中間開度時の総通路面積を増大させたことによる結果である。 FIG. 6 is a Cv characteristic diagram of the three-way ball valve.
In FIG. 6, the horizontal axis represents the valve opening (0% to 100%) of the first port 10, the vertical axis represents the Cv value, the solid line 50 represents the Cv characteristic of the conventional three-way ball valve 1 shown in FIG. These show the Cv characteristic of the three-way ball valve 30 by this invention. As is apparent from this figure, in the conventional three-way ball valve 1, the Cv value at the intermediate opening is reduced by about 40% with respect to the Cv value at the fully opened position, but in the three-way ball valve 30 according to the present invention, the Cv value is reduced. The decrease in the amount was suppressed to about 20%. This is a result of increasing the total passage area at the intermediate opening by adding the first and second bypass passages 46 and 47.

また、第１、第２のバイパス通路４６、４７は、第１、第２のポート１０、１１の弁開度が０％および１００％のときに通路断面積が零になるように形成されているので、全開時においては第１、第２のポート１０、１１のＣｖ値を従来の三方ボール弁１と同等にすることができ、全閉時においては第１、第２のポート１０、１１から流体が漏洩せず良好な締め切り性を確保することができる。   The first and second bypass passages 46 and 47 are formed so that the passage cross-sectional area becomes zero when the valve opening degree of the first and second ports 10 and 11 is 0% and 100%. Therefore, the Cv values of the first and second ports 10 and 11 can be made equal to those of the conventional three-way ball valve 1 when fully opened, and the first and second ports 10 and 11 are fully closed. Therefore, good fluidity can be secured without leakage.

図７（ａ）、（ｂ）はそれぞれ弁体の参考例を示す断面図である。
図７（ａ）は、弁体３１の外周面に形成される第１のバイパス通路（第２のバイパス通路も同様）５１を深さが一定な円形の凹部で構成した例を示す。図７（ｂ）は、弁体３１の外周面に形成される第１のバイパス通路（第２のバイパス通路も同様）５２を凹球面状（または円錐状）の凹部で構成した例を示す。このようなバイパス通路５１、５２においても上記した実施の形態と同様な効果が得られることは明らかであろう。 7A and 7B are cross-sectional views showing reference examples of the valve body, respectively.
FIG. 7A shows an example in which a first bypass passage 51 (also the second bypass passage) 51 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 31 is formed of a circular recess having a constant depth. FIG. 7B shows an example in which the first bypass passage (same for the second bypass passage) 52 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 31 is formed as a concave spherical (or conical) concave portion. It will be apparent that such bypass passages 51 and 52 can provide the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment.

なお、上記した実施の形態と参考例は、いずれも第１、第２のバイパス通路４６、４７、５１、５２の通路断面積が弁開度０〜５０％の範囲内においては曲線的に増加し、５０〜１００％の範囲内においては同じく曲線的に減少する形状として例を示したが、本発明はこれに何ら特定されるものではなく、直線的に増加、減少する形状であってもよい。 In the above-described embodiment and reference example , both the first and second bypass passages 46, 47, 51, 52 increase in a curved manner when the passage cross-sectional area is within the range of 0 to 50% of the valve opening. However, in the range of 50 to 100%, an example is shown as a shape that decreases in a curved manner, but the present invention is not limited to this, and even a shape that linearly increases or decreases Good.

本発明に係る三方ボール弁の一実施の形態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows one Embodiment of the three-way ball valve which concerns on this invention. 弁体の第１、第２のポート側から見た外観斜視図である。It is the external appearance perspective view seen from the 1st, 2nd port side of the valve body. 弁体の第１、第２のバイパス通路側から見た外観斜視図である。It is the external appearance perspective view seen from the 1st and 2nd bypass channel side of a valve body. （ａ）は弁体の中心を通る水平断面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）図のＡ−Ａ線断面図、（ｃ）は（ａ）図のＢ−Ｂ線断面図である。(A) is the horizontal sectional view which passes along the center of a valve body, (b) is the sectional view on the AA line of (a) figure, (c) is the sectional view on the BB line of (a) figure. 図１のＶ−Ｖ線断面図で、（ａ）は第１のポートの弁開度が１００％の状態を示す断面図、（ｂ）は第１のポートの弁開度が５０％の状態を示す断面図、（ｃ）は第１のポートの弁開度が０％の状態を示す断面図である。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V in FIG. 1, (a) is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the valve opening degree of the first port is 100%, and (b) is a state where the valve opening degree of the first port is 50%. (C) is sectional drawing which shows the state whose valve opening degree of a 1st port is 0%. 三方ボール弁のＣｖ特性図である。It is a Cv characteristic figure of a three-way ball valve. （ａ）、（ｂ）はそれぞれ弁体の参考例を示す断面図である。(A), (b) is sectional drawing which shows the reference example of a valve body, respectively. 三方ボール弁の従来例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the prior art example of a three-way ball valve.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１…三方ボール弁、２…弁本体、３…弁体、４…弁軸、５…弁軸用孔、６…第１の開口、７…第２の開口、８…第３の開口、９…弁室、１０…第１のポート、１１…第２のポート、１２…第３のポート、１４…第１のシートリング、１５…第２のシートリング、３１…弁体、１９、２０…流体、４６…第１のバイパス通路、４７…第２のバイパス通路、５１、５２…バイパス通路。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Three-way ball valve, 2 ... Valve body, 3 ... Valve body, 4 ... Valve shaft, 5 ... Valve shaft hole, 6 ... 1st opening, 7 ... 2nd opening, 8 ... 3rd opening, 9 ... Valve chamber, 10 ... First port, 11 ... Second port, 12 ... Third port, 14 ... First seat ring, 15 ... Second seat ring, 31 ... Valve body, 19, 20 ... Fluid, 46 ... first bypass passage, 47 ... second bypass passage, 51, 52 ... bypass passage.

Claims (1)

弁軸が挿入される弁軸用孔と、前記弁軸の軸線方向と直交する方向において対向する第１、第２の開口と、前記弁軸の軸線方向に開口する第３の開口とを有し、内部に弁室が形成された弁本体と、
前記弁軸が嵌合する嵌合部と、前記弁軸の軸線方向と直交する方向において回転方向に９０°離間して形成された第１、第２のポートと、前記第３の開口に対応して前記弁軸の軸線方向に形成された第３のポートとを有し、前記弁室内に第１、第２のシートリングを介して回動自在に配設されたボール状の弁体とを備え、
前記弁体の前記第１及び第２のポートと対向することがない前記弁室の内壁と、前記弁体の前記第１及び第２のポートが形成されていない外周面と、前記第１、第２のシートリングとの間には前記弁体の第１及び第２のポートを経由せずに前記第３の開口に連通する連通路が形成され、
前記連通路を形成する前記弁体の外周面に、前記第１、第２のポートが中間開度のときのみに前記第１、第２の開口から弁本体内に流入する流体の一部を前記連通路を経由して前記第３の開口に導く第１、第２のバイパス通路をそれぞれ形成し、
前記第１のバイパス通路の通路断面積は、第１のポートの開度が０％において零で、０％から５０％の範囲内では徐々に増加し、開度が５０％を超えると徐々に減少して１００％において零になり、
前記第２のバイパス通路の通路断面積は、第２のポートの開度が０％において零で、０％から５０％の範囲内では徐々に増加し、開度が５０％を超えると徐々に減少して１００％において零になり、
前記第１、第２のバイパス通路のいずれか一方は、弁体の外周面に対向して配設された一対の凹部からなり、これらの凹部間には表面が弁本体の外周面と同一の曲率からなる平面視弧状の残余部が設けられていることを特徴とする三方ボール弁。 There is a valve shaft hole into which the valve shaft is inserted, first and second openings that face each other in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the valve shaft, and a third opening that opens in the axial direction of the valve shaft. A valve body having a valve chamber formed therein;
Corresponding to the fitting portion to which the valve shaft is fitted, the first and second ports formed 90 degrees apart in the rotational direction in the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the valve shaft, and the third opening And a third port formed in the axial direction of the valve shaft, and a ball-shaped valve body rotatably disposed in the valve chamber via first and second seat rings, With
An inner wall of the valve chamber that does not face the first and second ports of the valve body, an outer peripheral surface on which the first and second ports of the valve body are not formed, and the first, A communication path communicating with the third opening without passing through the first and second ports of the valve body is formed between the second seat ring and the second seat ring,
A part of the fluid flowing into the valve body from the first and second openings only when the first and second ports are at an intermediate opening degree on the outer peripheral surface of the valve body forming the communication passage. Forming first and second bypass passages leading to the third opening via the communication passage ,
The passage sectional area of the first bypass passage is zero when the opening degree of the first port is 0%, gradually increases within the range of 0% to 50%, and gradually increases when the opening degree exceeds 50%. Decreases to zero at 100%,
The passage sectional area of the second bypass passage is zero when the opening degree of the second port is 0%, gradually increases within the range of 0% to 50%, and gradually when the opening degree exceeds 50%. Decreases to zero at 100%,
Either one of the first and second bypass passages is composed of a pair of recesses disposed to face the outer peripheral surface of the valve body, and the surface is the same as the outer peripheral surface of the valve body between these recesses. A three-way ball valve characterized by having a planar arc-shaped residual portion having a curvature .
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