JP5149545B2 - Aluminum tube manufacturing method - Google Patents
Aluminum tube manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5149545B2 JP5149545B2 JP2007147755A JP2007147755A JP5149545B2 JP 5149545 B2 JP5149545 B2 JP 5149545B2 JP 2007147755 A JP2007147755 A JP 2007147755A JP 2007147755 A JP2007147755 A JP 2007147755A JP 5149545 B2 JP5149545 B2 JP 5149545B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- pipe
- aluminum
- pass
- drawn
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 78
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 78
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 59
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910018134 Al-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018131 Al-Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018467 Al—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018461 Al—Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018464 Al—Mg—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910021365 Al-Mg-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Landscapes
- Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
Description
本発明は、例えば複写機、レーザービームプリンタ、ファクシミリ等の電子写真装置におけるOPC感光ドラム用基体として好適に用いられる、寸法精度に優れたアルミニウム管の製造方法に関する。
なお、この明細書および特許請求の範囲において、「アルミニウム」の語はアルミニウムおよびアルミニウム合金を含む意味で用いる。また、「Nパス」「(N−1)パス」「N台」の「N」は2以上の整数の意味で用いる。
The present invention relates to a method for producing an aluminum tube excellent in dimensional accuracy, which is preferably used as a base for an OPC photosensitive drum in an electrophotographic apparatus such as a copying machine, a laser beam printer, and a facsimile.
In this specification and claims, the term “aluminum” is used to include aluminum and aluminum alloys. Also, “N” in “N path”, “(N−1) path”, and “N units” is used to mean an integer of 2 or more.
複写機、レーザービームプリンタ、ファクシミリ等の電子写真装置におけるOPC感光ドラム用基体は、均一なOPC塗膜を塗工するための基体という性質上、比較的鏡面に近い表面状態であることが望まれる。従来は、アルミニウム管を切削することにより鏡面仕上げされていたが、切削用刃具の調整や管理が容易でなく、しかも作業に熟練を要することから大量生産に不向きであるという問題があった。 A substrate for an OPC photosensitive drum in an electrophotographic apparatus such as a copying machine, a laser beam printer, or a facsimile is desired to have a surface state relatively close to a mirror surface because of the nature of a substrate for coating a uniform OPC coating film. . Conventionally, mirror finishing has been performed by cutting an aluminum tube, but there is a problem that adjustment and management of a cutting tool is not easy and is unsuitable for mass production because skill is required for work.
そこで、近年では、アルミニウム圧延板をしごき加工したDI管や、アルミニウム押出素管をしごき加工したEI管、アルミニウム押出素管を引抜加工したED管などの無切削管が、感光ドラム用基体として多用される様になってきている。中でも、ED管は他の無切削管と異なり、10本以上の製品管を1回の引抜工で生産できるため大量生産に向いており、市場拡大に伴う大量消費に応える製法として注目されている。 In recent years, therefore, non-cutting pipes such as DI pipes made by squeezing aluminum rolled sheets, EI pipes made by squeezing aluminum extruded base pipes, and ED pipes made by drawing aluminum extruded base pipes are widely used as substrates for photosensitive drums. It is getting to be done. Above all, ED pipes, unlike other non-cut pipes, are suitable for mass production because 10 or more product pipes can be produced by a single drawing, and are attracting attention as a manufacturing method that responds to mass consumption accompanying the market expansion. .
このED管は、まずアルミニウム製のビレットを押出してアルミニウム押出素管を得、該押出素管を所定長さに切断した後、引抜加工を行って、所定形状(外径、内径、肉厚)に規定されたアルミニウム管を得、切断、端部の面取り加工、洗浄を行い、寸法と外観を検査することによって製造されている。 This ED pipe is obtained by first extruding an aluminum billet to obtain an aluminum extruded element pipe, cutting the extruded element pipe into a predetermined length, and performing a drawing process to obtain a predetermined shape (outer diameter, inner diameter, wall thickness). Are manufactured by cutting, chamfering and cleaning the ends, and inspecting the dimensions and appearance.
かかる感光ドラム用基体用アルミニウム管の引抜加工においては、高度の表面平滑性と寸法精度を得るための引抜加工装置が提案されている(特許文献1、2)。特許文献1に記載の引抜用金型は、高度の表面平滑性を達成するために、ダイスのアプローチ角とベアリング長さを規定したものである。また、特許文献2に記載の引き抜き加工機は、素管を洗浄して表面付着物を除去するとともに管の外径を計測し、計測した外径に基づいて引抜速度を制御することにより管径管理を精度良く行うようにしたものである。
近年、電子写真装置の出力画像に求められる画像品質は図、写真の多用とともに高まっており、感光ドラム用基体の表面品質はもとより、なお一層高い寸法精度が要求されようになっている。 In recent years, the image quality required for an output image of an electrophotographic apparatus has been increased along with the heavy use of figures and photographs, and higher dimensional accuracy is required in addition to the surface quality of the substrate for the photosensitive drum.
しかしながら、上述したように長い製造工程を経て作られるED管は、ビレットの成分、押出素管の外径・肉厚・硬度等の多くのバラツキ要素を含んでいるため、容易に寸法精度を高めることができなかった。 However, as described above, an ED pipe made through a long manufacturing process includes many variation elements such as billet components and the outer diameter, wall thickness, and hardness of the extruded element pipe, so that dimensional accuracy can be easily increased. I couldn't.
管の寸法精度を高めるための方法として複数回の引抜を行うことも行われているが、それでもなお寸法精度の良いアルミニウム管を安定して製造することは困難であった。 As a method for increasing the dimensional accuracy of the pipe, a plurality of drawing operations have been performed, but it has nevertheless been difficult to stably produce an aluminum tube with a high dimensional accuracy.
また、Nパスの引抜を行う場合、(N−1)パス後の半製品は台上に積み上げて保管し、その間に引抜ダイスやプラグを交換し、その後Nパスの引抜に投入するという作業手順が一般的であるが、Nパス前の保管時および搬送時に管の変形や損傷、汚れが生じることがあった。さらに、アルミニウム管を大量生産する場合は、(N−1)パス後の半製品を保管することは現実的ではなく、(N−1)パスとNパスを連続して引抜くことも行われている。連続引抜を行うと、保管時の変形等の問題は低減した。しかし、それでもなお先端部(引き始めの部分)よりも後端部(引き終わりの部分)の外径が小さくなって寸法精度が低下することがあり、高水準で要求される外径寸法規格を満足できないことがあった。 Also, when performing N-pass extraction, (N-1) the semi-finished product after the pass is stored on the table, and during that time, the drawing dies and plugs are exchanged, and then the N-pass drawing is performed. However, the tube may be deformed, damaged, or soiled during storage before N pass and during transport. Furthermore, when mass-producing aluminum pipes, it is not practical to store the semi-finished product after (N-1) pass, and (N-1) pass and N pass are continuously pulled out. ing. When continuous drawing was performed, problems such as deformation during storage were reduced. However, the outer diameter of the rear end part (drawing end part) is still smaller than the leading end part (pulling end part), and the dimensional accuracy may be lowered. I was not satisfied.
本発明は、上述した背景技術に鑑み、表面温度が寸法精度に影響を及ぼしていることを見出し、高寸法精度と高表面品質を維持しながら、効率良くアルミニウム管を製造できるアルミニウム管の製造方法の提供を目的とする。 In view of the background art mentioned above, the present invention finds that the surface temperature has an effect on dimensional accuracy, and an aluminum tube manufacturing method that can efficiently manufacture an aluminum tube while maintaining high dimensional accuracy and high surface quality. The purpose is to provide.
即ち、本発明のアルミニウム管の製造方法およびこの製造方法を実施するためのアルミニウム管の製造装置は下記[1]〜[15]に記載の構成を有する。 That is, the aluminum pipe manufacturing method and the aluminum pipe manufacturing apparatus for carrying out the manufacturing method of the present invention have the configurations described in [1] to [15] below.
[1]押出素管に対してNパスの連続引抜加工を行ってアルミニウム管を製造するに際し、
(N−1)パス後の引抜管の最高温度部と最低温度部との表面温度差が10℃以下となるように冷却した後に、Nパス目の引抜加工を行うことを特徴とするアルミニウム管の製造方法。
[1] When producing an aluminum pipe by performing N-pass continuous drawing on the extruded element pipe,
(N-1) An aluminum tube characterized by performing the N-th drawing after cooling so that the surface temperature difference between the highest temperature portion and the lowest temperature portion of the drawn tube after the pass becomes 10 ° C. or less. Manufacturing method.
[2](N−1)パス後の引抜管の最高温度部の表面温度が50℃以下となるように冷却する前項1に記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法。
[2] The method for producing an aluminum tube according to
[3](N−1)パス後の冷却された引抜管において、最高温度部は引抜方向の後端部であり、最低温度は引抜方向の先端部である前項1または2に記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法。 [3] In the cooled drawn tube after (N-1) pass, the highest temperature portion is the rear end portion in the drawing direction, and the lowest temperature is the tip portion in the drawing direction. Manufacturing method.
[4](N−1)パス目の引抜加工を、引抜管の後端部の表面温度が90℃以下となる条件で行う前項1〜3のいずれかに記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法。
[4] The method for producing an aluminum tube according to any one of
[5](N−1)パス目の引抜加工において、引抜管の断面積減少率が40%未満であり、かつ引抜速度が60m/分未満である前項4に記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法。
[5] The method for producing an aluminum pipe according to
[6]前記引抜管に冷却媒体を供給することにより冷却する前項1〜5のいずれかに記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法。
[6] The method for producing an aluminum tube according to any one of
[7](N−1)パス目の引抜加工において、引抜用工具の出側で引抜きながら引抜管を冷却する前項6に記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法。 [7] The method for producing an aluminum tube as described in 6 above, wherein in the drawing process of the (N-1) th pass, the drawn tube is cooled while being drawn on the outlet side of the drawing tool.
[8](N−1)パス目の引抜加工が完了した後、その引抜管を冷却する前項6または7に記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法。
[8] The method for producing an aluminum pipe according to
[9]前記冷却媒体を引抜管の周方向の全体から供給する前項6〜8のいずれかに記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法。
[9] The method for manufacturing an aluminum tube according to any one of
[10]前記冷却媒体を引抜管の後端から先端に向けて供給する前項8に記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法。 [10] The method for manufacturing an aluminum tube according to item 8, wherein the cooling medium is supplied from the rear end of the drawn tube toward the front end.
[11]前記冷却媒体が、アルミニウムに対して非酸化性かつ非腐食性の液体または気体である前項6〜10のいずれかに記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法。
[11] The method for producing an aluminum tube according to any one of
[12]前記冷却媒体が、引抜油、エアー、窒素ガスのうちの少なくとも1種である前項11に記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法。 [12] The method for producing an aluminum tube according to [11], wherein the cooling medium is at least one of drawing oil, air, and nitrogen gas.
[13]前記アルミニウム管は感光ドラム用基体である前項1〜12のいずれかに記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法。
[13] The method for producing an aluminum tube according to any one of
[14]前記アルミニウム管は、Al−Mn系合金、Al−Mg系合金、Al−Mg−Si系合金、純アルミニウムのいずれかからなる前項1〜13のいずれかに記載のアルミニウム合金の製造方法。 [14] The method for producing an aluminum alloy according to any one of [1] to [13], wherein the aluminum pipe is any one of an Al—Mn alloy, an Al—Mg alloy, an Al—Mg—Si alloy, and pure aluminum. .
[15]N台の引抜加工装置を並設し、Nパスの連続引抜加工を行うアルミニウム管の製造装置であって、
(N−1)パス目の引抜加工装置において、引抜用工具の出側に冷却媒体を噴出させる冷却装置が設けられ、引抜中の引抜管に冷却媒体を供給するものとなされていることを特徴とするアルミニウム管の製造装置。
[15] An aluminum tube manufacturing apparatus in which N drawing apparatuses are arranged in parallel and perform N-pass continuous drawing,
In the (N-1) pass drawing apparatus, a cooling device for ejecting the cooling medium is provided on the outlet side of the drawing tool, and the cooling medium is supplied to the drawing pipe being drawn. An aluminum tube manufacturing device.
上記[1]に記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法は、(N−1)パス後の引抜管の温度差が10℃以下になるように冷却した後、最終パスであるNパス目の引抜きを連続的に行うものであるから、最終的に製造される引抜管の寸法精度を向上させ、寸法精度の良い引抜管を効率良く製造することができる。従って、連続引抜加工による高表面品質を維持しつつ、寸法精度の高いアルミニウム管を効率良く製造することができる。 In the method for producing an aluminum pipe described in [1] above, after cooling so that the temperature difference of the drawn pipe after the (N-1) pass becomes 10 ° C. or less, the N pass of the final pass is continuously drawn. Therefore, it is possible to improve the dimensional accuracy of the drawn tube that is finally produced, and to efficiently produce the drawn tube with good dimensional accuracy. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently manufacture an aluminum tube with high dimensional accuracy while maintaining high surface quality by continuous drawing.
上記[2]に記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法によれば、最終的に製造される引抜管の寸法精度をさらに向上させることができる。 According to the method for manufacturing an aluminum pipe described in [2] above, the dimensional accuracy of the drawn pipe finally manufactured can be further improved.
上記[3]に記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法によれば、(N−1)パス後の引抜管の温度管理を容易に行うことができる。 According to the method for manufacturing an aluminum tube described in [3] above, the temperature control of the drawn tube after the (N-1) pass can be easily performed.
上記[4][5]に記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法によれば、最終のNパス目の引抜きにおける焼き付きを抑制して表面品質の良いアルミニウム管を製造できる。 According to the method for manufacturing an aluminum tube described in [4] and [5] above, it is possible to manufacture an aluminum tube with good surface quality while suppressing seizure in the final N-th drawing.
上記[6]に記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法によれば、引抜管の冷却が容易である。 According to the method for producing an aluminum tube described in [6] above, the drawn tube can be easily cooled.
上記[7]に記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法によれば、冷却のための時間を別途設けることなく引抜中に冷却することができるので、連続引抜加工に要する時間を短縮して効率良く引抜管を製造することができる。 According to the method for manufacturing an aluminum tube described in [7] above, since it is possible to cool during drawing without providing a separate cooling time, the time required for continuous drawing is shortened and the drawn tube is efficiently obtained. Can be manufactured.
上記[8]に記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法によれば、引抜中の冷却よりも冷却装置の配置や冷却方法の制限が少なくなる。 According to the method for producing an aluminum tube described in [8], the arrangement of the cooling device and the restriction on the cooling method are less than the cooling during drawing.
上記[9][10]に記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法によれば、効率良く引抜管を冷却できる。 According to the method for producing an aluminum tube described in [9] and [10] above, the drawn tube can be efficiently cooled.
上記[11][12]に記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法によれば、冷却によって引抜管の表面品質を低下させることがない。 According to the method for manufacturing an aluminum pipe described in [11] and [12] above, the surface quality of the drawn pipe is not deteriorated by cooling.
上記[13]に記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法によれば、外径寸法精度の良い感光ドラム用基体を効率良く製造できる。 According to the method for producing an aluminum tube described in [13] above, a photosensitive drum substrate having a good outer diameter dimensional accuracy can be produced efficiently.
上記[14]に記載のアルミニウム管の製造方法によれば、記載された合金からなるアルミニウム管を製造できる。 According to the method for manufacturing an aluminum tube described in [14] above, an aluminum tube made of the described alloy can be manufactured.
上記[15]に記載のアルミニウム管の製造装置によれば、上述した本発明にかかるアルミニウム管の製造方法を実施することができる。 According to the aluminum pipe manufacturing apparatus described in [15] above, the above-described method for manufacturing an aluminum pipe according to the present invention can be carried out.
図1は引抜加工を行うための引抜用工具の一例であり、引抜ダイス(1)とプラグ(6)とから構成されている。前記引抜ダイス(1)は、ダイスケース(2)内に嵌合されたダイス本体(3)を備え、前記ダイス本体(3)は中央のダイス孔の周囲にアプローチ部(4)とこれに続くベアリング部(5)とを有している。前記プラグ(6)はロッド棒(7)の先端に取り付けられ、アプローチ部(8)とこれに続くベアリング部(9)を有している。そして、前記引抜ダイス(1)およびプラグ(6)で管を引き抜くことにより、管の外周面がダイス本体(3)のベアリング部(5)によって成形されるとともに、内周面がプラグ(6)のベアリング部(9)によって成形され、引抜管(10)が製作される。前記引抜管(10)の先端側は縮径されてチャッキング用の口付け部(11)が形成されている(図2参照)。 FIG. 1 shows an example of a drawing tool for performing a drawing process. The drawing tool includes a drawing die (1) and a plug (6). The drawing die (1) includes a die body (3) fitted in a die case (2), and the die body (3) follows an approach portion (4) around a central die hole. And a bearing portion (5). The plug (6) is attached to the tip of the rod rod (7) and has an approach portion (8) and a bearing portion (9) subsequent thereto. Then, by pulling out the pipe with the drawing die (1) and the plug (6), the outer peripheral surface of the pipe is formed by the bearing portion (5) of the die body (3), and the inner peripheral surface is plug (6). The drawn tube (10) is manufactured by molding the bearing portion (9). The distal end side of the drawing tube (10) is reduced in diameter to form a chucking portion (11) for chucking (see FIG. 2).
上述した管の引抜加工において、ベアリング部(5)(9)との接触部分で生じる加工熱によって引抜管(10)の温度が徐々に上昇し、引抜方向の先端部(引抜き開始端部)(12)と後端部(引抜き終端部)(13)とでは温度差が生じる。本発明は、複数のNパスの連続引抜加工で製造されたアルミニウム管の寸法精度が低下する原因の一つが、(N−1)パス後の引抜管が引抜方向において大きい温度差を持った状態で最終パスの引抜加工に供されることにあるに着目し、(N−1)パス後の引抜管(10)における温度差が一定以下となるように冷却した後に最終のNパス目の引抜加工を行うようにしたものである。 In the pipe drawing process described above, the temperature of the drawing pipe (10) gradually rises due to the processing heat generated at the contact parts with the bearing parts (5) and (9), and the leading end in the drawing direction (drawing start end) ( There is a temperature difference between 12) and the rear end (drawing end) (13). In the present invention, one of the causes that the dimensional accuracy of an aluminum tube manufactured by continuous drawing of a plurality of N passes decreases is that the drawn tube after the (N-1) pass has a large temperature difference in the drawing direction. (N-1) The final N pass is drawn after cooling so that the temperature difference in the drawing pipe (10) after the pass becomes a certain value or less. Processing is performed.
図3は、押出素管(W)に対して2パス(Nパス)の連続引抜加工を行うための装置構成を模式的に示したものである。 FIG. 3 schematically shows an apparatus configuration for performing two-pass (N-pass) continuous drawing on the extruded element tube (W).
図3において、(31)は1パス目((N−1)パス目)の引抜加工を行う第1引抜加工装置であり、その側方には引抜管(10)を移載して2パス目(Nパス目)の引抜加工を行う第2引抜加工装置(32)に搬送するための搬送コンベア(33)が配設されている。また、第2引抜加工装置(32)の側方にも引抜管(14)を移載して次工程に搬送するための搬送コンベア(34)が配置されている。 In FIG. 3, (31) is a first drawing apparatus that performs the drawing process of the first pass ((N−1) pass), and the drawing tube (10) is transferred to the side of the drawing process for 2 passes. A transport conveyor (33) for transporting to the second drawing device (32) that performs the drawing process of the eyes (Nth pass) is provided. In addition, a transfer conveyor (34) for transferring the drawing tube (14) and transferring it to the next process is also arranged on the side of the second drawing apparatus (32).
前記第1および第2引抜加工装置(31)(32)は図1の引抜ダイス(1)およびプラグ(6)に例示されるような引抜用工具を備え、引抜管(10)(14)の口付け部(11)を把持するチャック(35)が油圧シリンダ(36)によって進退自在に配置されている。さらに、第1引抜加工装置(31)は図4および図5の冷却媒体用ノズル(20)(22)に例示されるような冷却装置を備えている。 The first and second drawing devices (31) and (32) are provided with drawing tools such as the drawing die (1) and plug (6) shown in FIG. A chuck (35) that grips the mouthpiece (11) is disposed by a hydraulic cylinder (36) so as to freely advance and retract. Further, the first drawing device (31) includes a cooling device as exemplified by the cooling medium nozzles (20) and (22) shown in FIGS.
そして、第1引抜加工装置(31)において(N−1)パス目の引抜加工で成形された引抜管(10)は、順次搬送コンベア(33)に移載され、第2引抜加工装置(32)に搬送されてNパス目の引抜加工に供される。第2引抜加工装置(32)の引抜加工で成形された引抜管(14)は、順次搬送コンベア(36)に移載され、切断等の次工程に搬送される。 Then, the drawing tube (10) formed by the (N-1) th drawing in the first drawing device (31) is sequentially transferred to the transport conveyor (33), and the second drawing device (32). ) And is used for the N-th drawing process. The drawing tube (14) formed by the drawing process of the second drawing apparatus (32) is sequentially transferred to the transfer conveyor (36) and transferred to the next step such as cutting.
なお、本発明は引抜加工のパス数を図示例の2パスに限定するものではなく、3パス以上の引抜加工を行う場合も含まれる。パス数に応じて引抜加工装置および搬送コンベアを増設すれば良い。 Note that the present invention does not limit the number of passes of the drawing process to the two passes in the illustrated example, and includes a case of performing a drawing process of three passes or more. What is necessary is just to add a drawing processing apparatus and a conveyance conveyor according to the number of passes.
本発明においては、最終パスであるNパス目の引抜加工に供する(N−1)パス後の引抜管(10)を、最高温度部と最低温度部との表面温度差が10℃以下となるように冷却する。前記表面温度差が小さくなるほどNパス後の引抜管(14)の寸法精度が向上して好ましいが、10℃以下であれば感光ドラム用基体として満足できる寸法精度を得ることができる。特に好ましい表面温度差は5℃以下であり、さらに寸法精度の高い引抜管(14)を製造することができる。 In the present invention, the surface temperature difference between the highest temperature part and the lowest temperature part of the drawn pipe (10) after the (N-1) pass used for the drawing process of the Nth pass as the final pass is 10 ° C. or less. To cool. The smaller the surface temperature difference is, the better the dimensional accuracy of the drawn tube (14) after N passes is improved. However, if it is 10 ° C. or less, dimensional accuracy satisfactory as a substrate for a photosensitive drum can be obtained. A particularly preferable surface temperature difference is 5 ° C. or less, and a drawn tube (14) with higher dimensional accuracy can be produced.
また、(N−1)パス後の引抜管(10)は、最高温度部の表面温度が50℃以下になるまで冷却した後にNパス目の引抜加工を行うことが好ましい。50℃以下に冷却することにより、Nパス後の引抜管(14)の寸法精度を向上させることができる。Nパス目に供する引抜管(10)の特に好ましい最高温度部の表面温度は40℃以下である。 Further, it is preferable that the drawing tube (10) after the (N-1) pass is cooled until the surface temperature of the maximum temperature portion becomes 50 ° C. or less and then the N-th drawing process is performed. By cooling to 50 ° C. or lower, the dimensional accuracy of the drawn tube (14) after N passes can be improved. The surface temperature of the particularly preferable maximum temperature portion of the drawn pipe (10) provided for the Nth pass is 40 ° C. or less.
前記引抜管(10)の温度管理は、引抜方向における後端部(13)および先端部(12)の温度を監視することによって容易に行うことができる。上述したように、引抜管(10)は加工熱によって先端部(12)から後端部(13)へと温度が上昇し、積極的に冷却しない限り、先端部(12)の温度が最も低く、後端部(13)の温度が最も高くなる。このような温度勾配を持つ引抜管(10)を引抜方向において同一条件で冷却すると、冷却後においても後端部(13)が最高温度部、先端部(12)が最低温度部となる。従って、引抜管(10)の先端部(12)と後端部(13)の温度を測定すれば実質的に管の最高温度と最低温度を知ることができる。そして、2箇所の温度を監視することで効率の良い温度管理が可能となり、引抜管(10)を速やかにNパス目の引抜加工に供して効率良く連続引抜加工を行うことができる。しかも、2箇所の温度を監視すれば良いから温度測定装置も簡略化できる。勿論、引抜管(10)の先端部(12)および後端部(13)に加えて、中間部の1箇所または複数箇所の温度を測定し、これらの温度に基づいて温度管理を行う場合も本発明に含まれる。 The temperature management of the drawing tube (10) can be easily performed by monitoring the temperatures of the rear end portion (13) and the front end portion (12) in the drawing direction. As described above, the temperature of the drawn tube (10) rises from the front end (12) to the rear end (13) due to processing heat, and the temperature of the front end (12) is the lowest unless actively cooled. The temperature at the rear end (13) is the highest. When the drawing tube (10) having such a temperature gradient is cooled under the same conditions in the drawing direction, the rear end (13) becomes the highest temperature portion and the tip (12) becomes the lowest temperature portion even after cooling. Accordingly, the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the tube can be substantially known by measuring the temperatures of the leading end portion (12) and the trailing end portion (13) of the drawn tube (10). By monitoring the temperature at two locations, efficient temperature management becomes possible, and the drawing tube (10) can be quickly subjected to the N-th drawing process to perform efficient continuous drawing. Moreover, the temperature measuring device can be simplified because it is only necessary to monitor the temperatures at two locations. Of course, in addition to the leading end (12) and the trailing end (13) of the drawn tube (10), the temperature at one or more locations in the middle may be measured, and temperature management may be performed based on these temperatures. It is included in the present invention.
なお、前記引抜管(10)の先端部(12)とは、口付け部(11)を除いて所定の管径に成形された部分のうちの先端部分である。
〔冷却方法および冷却装置〕
引抜管の冷却は、(N−1)パス目の引抜加工において、引抜用工具の出側で引抜きながら引抜管を冷却しても良いし、(N−1)パス目の引抜加工が完了した後、その引抜管を冷却しても良い。
Note that the distal end portion (12) of the drawn tube (10) is the distal end portion of the portion formed to have a predetermined tube diameter excluding the spout portion (11).
[Cooling method and cooling device]
The cooling of the drawing tube may be performed by cooling the drawing tube while drawing on the exit side of the drawing tool in the drawing process of the (N-1) th pass, or the drawing process of the (N-1) th pass is completed. Thereafter, the drawing tube may be cooled.
引抜きながら冷却する場合、図5に示すように、冷却装置(ノズル(22))を引抜ダイス(1)に隣接して配置すれば引抜直後に冷却することができ、また図4に示すように、冷却装置(ノズル(20))を引抜ダイス(1)から離して配置しても良い。いずれの場合も引抜きダイス(1)を出てから5秒以内に引抜管(10)を速やかに冷却することができる。このように、引抜後速やかに冷却することにより、パス間の待機時間を短縮し、ひいては連続引抜加工に要する時間を短縮することができる。 In the case of cooling while drawing, as shown in FIG. 5, if the cooling device (nozzle (22)) is arranged adjacent to the drawing die (1), it can be cooled immediately after drawing, and as shown in FIG. The cooling device (nozzle (20)) may be disposed away from the drawing die (1). In either case, the drawing tube (10) can be quickly cooled within 5 seconds after leaving the drawing die (1). In this way, by quickly cooling after drawing, the waiting time between passes can be shortened, and thus the time required for continuous drawing can be shortened.
引抜管の冷却は、冷却装置が簡略である点で引抜管に冷却媒体を供給する方法を推奨できる。 For cooling the drawing tube, a method of supplying a cooling medium to the drawing tube can be recommended because the cooling device is simple.
図4は、引抜ダイス(1)の出側に冷却媒体(C)を噴出させるノズル(20)を設置し、引抜直後の移動しつつある管(10)に冷却媒体(C)を供給するようにしたものである。前記ノズル(20)において、冷却媒体(C)の吐出口(21)は1つだけでも良いし、引抜方向または周方向に複数個を並べて設けても良い。かかる構成により、引抜加工時の管の移動を利用し、ノズル(20)を固定したままで引抜管(10)の先端部(12)から後端部(13)に至るまで冷却媒体(C)を供給することができる。また、冷却媒体(C)が液体である場合は、冷却媒体(C)を引抜管(10)の上方から供給すれば、冷却媒体(C)が管の外周面を伝って下部側に回り込んで管(10)の全周に供給される。 FIG. 4 shows that the nozzle (20) for ejecting the cooling medium (C) is installed on the outlet side of the drawing die (1), and the cooling medium (C) is supplied to the moving pipe (10) immediately after the drawing. It is a thing. In the nozzle (20), only one discharge port (21) for the cooling medium (C) may be provided, or a plurality of discharge ports (21) may be provided side by side in the drawing direction or the circumferential direction. With this configuration, the cooling medium (C) is utilized from the front end portion (12) to the rear end portion (13) of the drawing tube (10) with the nozzle (20) fixed while utilizing the movement of the tube during drawing. Can be supplied. Further, when the cooling medium (C) is a liquid, if the cooling medium (C) is supplied from above the drawing pipe (10), the cooling medium (C) travels along the outer peripheral surface of the pipe and moves downward. Is supplied to the entire circumference of the pipe (10).
引抜管(10)の周方向においてさらに均一に冷却媒体(C)を供給するには、図5に示すように、周方向の複数箇所に吐出口(21)を有するリング形のノズル(22)を用い、孔内に引抜管(10)を挿入するように配置すれば、冷却媒体(C)の種類にかかわらず均一に供給することができる。なお。冷却媒体(C)の吐出口は、図示例のような独立した吐出口(21)を複数個の並べても良いし、全周にスリット状の吐出口を形成しても良い。また、独立した複数個のノズルを周方向に配置することによっても引抜管(10)の全周で均一に供給することができる。 In order to supply the cooling medium (C) more uniformly in the circumferential direction of the drawing tube (10), as shown in FIG. 5, a ring-shaped nozzle (22) having discharge ports (21) at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction. If it is arranged so that the drawing tube (10) is inserted into the hole, it can be supplied uniformly regardless of the type of the cooling medium (C). Note that. As for the discharge port of the cooling medium (C), a plurality of independent discharge ports (21) as shown in the illustrated example may be arranged, or a slit-like discharge port may be formed on the entire circumference. Further, even if a plurality of independent nozzles are arranged in the circumferential direction, the nozzle can be uniformly supplied over the entire circumference of the drawing tube (10).
前記冷却媒体(C)は、引抜管(10)の引抜方向において均一に供給しても良いが、高温になる後端部(13)と先端部(12)との温度差を可及的に小さくするために、後方にいくほど冷却能力が大きくなるように供給しても良い。例えば、冷却媒体(C)の供給量を後方に向かって増量する、供給する冷却媒体(C)の温度を後方に向かって低下させる等の方法で冷却能力を変化させることができる。また、引抜管(10)の先端部(12)側には冷却媒体(C)を供給せず、途中から供給を開始しても良い。 The cooling medium (C) may be supplied uniformly in the drawing direction of the drawing tube (10), but the temperature difference between the rear end portion (13) and the tip portion (12), which becomes high in temperature, is minimized. In order to make it small, you may supply so that cooling capacity may become large, so that it goes back. For example, the cooling capacity can be changed by, for example, increasing the supply amount of the cooling medium (C) backward, or decreasing the temperature of the supplied cooling medium (C) backward. In addition, the cooling medium (C) may not be supplied to the distal end portion (12) side of the drawing tube (10), and supply may be started midway.
一方、(N−1)パス目の引抜きが完了した後に冷却する場合は、上記ノズル(20)(22)に例示されるような冷却装置を用い、冷却装置と引抜管(10)とを相対的に移動させれば引抜管(10)外周面に冷却媒体(C)を供給することができる。この場合も後方にいくほど冷却能力が大きくなるように供給することもできる。 On the other hand, in the case of cooling after the (N-1) -th drawing is completed, a cooling device such as the nozzles (20) and (22) is used, and the cooling device and the drawing tube (10) are relatively The cooling medium (C) can be supplied to the outer peripheral surface of the drawing tube (10) if it is moved. Also in this case, it can be supplied so that the cooling capacity increases toward the rear.
引抜加工が完了した後に冷却する場合は、冷却装置の配置や冷却方法の制限が少なくなる。引抜きが完了して引抜管(10)を引抜用工具から取り出せば、引抜管(10)の外周面に冷却媒体(C)を吹き付けるだけでなく、管の長さ方向に沿って冷却媒体(C)を吹き付けて冷却することができる。また、開口する一方の管端から冷却媒体(C)を吹き付けると、冷却媒体(C)は管内にも供給されて他方の管端に抜け、内外両面から引抜管(10)を冷却することができる。管端から冷却媒体(C)を供給する場合は、図2に示すように、引抜管(10)の後端部(13)側から先端部(12)側に向けて吹き付けることが好ましい。この場合、冷却媒体(C)は後端部(13)で最も高い冷却能力を示し、管壁から奪った熱で温度が上昇して冷却能力が低下していくが、もとより先端部(12)の方が管の温度が低いので先端部(12)と後端部(13)との温度差を効率良く小さくできるからである。 In the case of cooling after the drawing process is completed, there are fewer restrictions on the arrangement of the cooling device and the cooling method. When drawing is completed and the drawing tube (10) is taken out from the drawing tool, not only the cooling medium (C) is blown onto the outer peripheral surface of the drawing tube (10), but also the cooling medium (C ) Can be sprayed to cool. Further, when the cooling medium (C) is sprayed from one end of the pipe that opens, the cooling medium (C) is also supplied into the pipe and is discharged to the other pipe end to cool the drawing pipe (10) from both the inside and outside. it can. When supplying the cooling medium (C) from the pipe end, it is preferable to spray from the rear end part (13) side of the drawing pipe (10) toward the front end part (12) side as shown in FIG. In this case, the cooling medium (C) exhibits the highest cooling capacity at the rear end (13), and the temperature is increased by the heat taken from the tube wall and the cooling capacity is decreased. This is because the temperature of the tube is lower, so that the temperature difference between the front end portion (12) and the rear end portion (13) can be reduced efficiently.
さらに、引抜中に冷却した上で、引抜完了後にも冷却することができる。 Furthermore, after cooling during drawing, it can also be cooled after completion of drawing.
前記冷却媒体(C)の種類は限定されず、液体でも気体でも用いることができ、水、引抜油、エアー、窒素ガスを例示できる。いずれの場合も管の材料に対して非酸化性かつ非腐食性で、変色等の引抜管(10)の表面品質を低下させない媒体が好ましく、特に引抜油、エアー、窒素ガスを推奨できる。冷却媒体として引抜の潤滑剤として用いる引抜油を用いれば冷却時に油切れを起こすこともなく引抜きから冷却までを円滑に行うことができる。冷却媒体は1種を単独で使用しても複数種を併用しても良い。また、図2のように、引抜管(10)の内部に冷却媒体(C)を供給する場合は、気体の冷却媒体を用いることが好ましい。 The kind of the cooling medium (C) is not limited, and liquid or gas can be used. Examples thereof include water, drawing oil, air, and nitrogen gas. In any case, a medium that is non-oxidizing and non-corrosive with respect to the material of the pipe and does not deteriorate the surface quality of the drawn pipe (10) such as discoloration is preferable. In particular, drawing oil, air, and nitrogen gas can be recommended. If the drawing oil used as a drawing lubricant is used as the cooling medium, it is possible to smoothly perform the steps from drawing to cooling without running out of oil during cooling. A cooling medium may be used individually by 1 type, or may use multiple types together. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, when supplying the cooling medium (C) into the drawing tube (10), it is preferable to use a gaseous cooling medium.
さらに、(N−1)パス目の引抜加工においては、引抜き直後、即ち冷却を受けるまでの引抜管(10)の後端部(13)の表面温度が90℃以下、好ましくは80℃以下となるように引抜条件を設定することが好ましい。(N−1)パス目の引抜加工時に引抜管(10)が高温になると、周囲の湿気によって表面に酸化皮膜が形成されやすくなり、最終のNパス目の引抜加工時に焼き付きを発生するおそれがある。このため、焼き付きを確実に回避するためには管温度が過度に上昇しないように引抜くことが望ましい。また、周囲の湿気による酸化皮膜の形成を可及的に抑制するために、冷却媒体として引抜油や窒素ガスを用いることも好ましい。引抜き時の加工熱に関係する引抜条件は、下記式で表される断面積減少率および引抜速度であり、これらはいずれも高くなるほど加工熱が発生して引抜管(10)が高温になる。 Furthermore, in the (N-1) -th drawing process, the surface temperature of the rear end (13) of the drawing pipe (10) immediately after drawing, that is, until it is cooled is 90 ° C. or less, preferably 80 ° C. or less. It is preferable to set the drawing conditions so that (N-1) If the drawing tube (10) becomes hot during the drawing process of the pass N, an oxide film is likely to be formed on the surface due to the surrounding moisture, and there is a possibility that seizure will occur during the drawing process of the final N pass. is there. For this reason, it is desirable to pull out the tube temperature so as not to increase excessively in order to reliably avoid seizure. In order to suppress the formation of an oxide film due to the surrounding moisture as much as possible, it is also preferable to use a drawing oil or nitrogen gas as a cooling medium. The drawing conditions related to the processing heat at the time of drawing are the cross-sectional area reduction rate and the drawing speed represented by the following formula, and as these both increase, the processing heat is generated and the drawing tube (10) becomes high temperature.
断面積減少率(%)={(引抜前の断面積−引抜後の断面積)/引抜前の断面積}×100 Cross-sectional area reduction rate (%) = {(cross-sectional area before drawing−cross-sectional area after drawing) / cross-sectional area before drawing} × 100
従って、断面積減少率および引抜速度のいずれか、あるいは両方を制御することによって引抜管(10)の表面温度を90℃以下にすることができる。具体的には、断面積減少率を40%未満、引抜速度を60m/分未満に設定することが好ましく、さらに断面積減少率を35%未満、引抜速度を50m/分未満に設定することが好ましい。 Therefore, the surface temperature of the drawn tube (10) can be reduced to 90 ° C. or lower by controlling either or both of the cross-sectional area reduction rate and the drawing speed. Specifically, it is preferable to set the cross-sectional area reduction rate to less than 40% and the drawing speed to less than 60 m / min, and further to set the cross-sectional area reduction rate to less than 35% and the drawing speed to less than 50 m / min. preferable.
また、前記引抜管(10)は後端部(13)が最も高温になるため、後端部(13)の表面温度を監視して90℃以下となるように引抜けば、管全体が90℃以下であると見なすことができる。 Further, since the rear end portion (13) of the drawing tube (10) has the highest temperature, if the surface temperature of the rear end portion (13) is monitored and pulled out so as to be 90 ° C. or less, the entire tube becomes 90 °. It can be considered that it is below ℃.
前記アルミニウム管の材料は限定されないが、Al−Mn系合金、Al−Mg系合金、Al−Mg−Si系合金、純アルミニウムを例示できる。 The material of the aluminum tube is not limited, and examples thereof include an Al—Mn alloy, an Al—Mg alloy, an Al—Mg—Si alloy, and pure aluminum.
上述したように、本発明における連続引抜きとは、(N−1)パス目の引抜加工、冷却(引抜中の冷却を含む)、Nパス目の引抜加工を一連の工程として連続して行う引抜きである。(N−1)パス後の引抜管は積極的に冷却しなくても時間経過とともに温度が低下し、後端部と先端部の温度差は徐々に小さくなって最終的に管全体が室温に収束する。しかし、長時間の放冷により管の温度差が10℃以下になっても工程が中断されるので本発明における連続引抜加工には該当しない。本発明は、(N−1)パスからNパスまでを中断することなく連続して行う引抜である。本発明は(N−1)パスとNパスとのパス間の時間を規定するものではないが、(N−1)パス目の引抜加工装置からの引抜管の取出し、Nパス目の引抜加工装置への引抜管の装填、パス間の搬送等の1パス目から2パス目への受け渡しに要する時間を除外すると、パス間の遅延時間は冷却時間のみとなる。しかも、引抜ながら冷却する場合は冷却時間が遅延時間にもならない。引抜完了後に冷却する場合でも、冷却に要する時間は、長さ4mの引抜管で50〜60秒程度である。パス間の受け渡し時間は通常15〜20秒程度であり、従ってこの受け渡し時間を加えても、本発明においては、80秒以下のパス間時間で連続引抜加工することができる。 As described above, the continuous drawing in the present invention is a drawing in which (N-1) -th drawing, cooling (including cooling during drawing), and N-th drawing are continuously performed as a series of steps. It is. (N-1) Even if the drawn pipe after the pass is not actively cooled, the temperature decreases with time, the temperature difference between the rear end and the front end gradually decreases, and finally the entire pipe reaches room temperature. Converge. However, since the process is interrupted even if the temperature difference of the tube becomes 10 ° C. or less due to long-time cooling, it does not correspond to the continuous drawing process in the present invention. The present invention is a drawing performed continuously without interruption from the (N-1) pass to the N pass. Although the present invention does not prescribe the time between the (N-1) pass and the N pass, (N-1) taking out the drawn tube from the drawing device for the first pass and drawing the Nth pass. Excluding the time required for delivery from the first pass to the second pass, such as loading of the drawing tube into the apparatus and conveyance between passes, the delay time between passes is only the cooling time. Moreover, when cooling while pulling out, the cooling time does not become a delay time. Even in the case of cooling after the completion of drawing, the time required for cooling is about 50 to 60 seconds with a 4 m long drawing tube. The delivery time between passes is usually about 15 to 20 seconds. Therefore, even if this delivery time is added, continuous drawing can be performed with a time between passes of 80 seconds or less in the present invention.
引抜管の放冷実験として、後述する実施例と同一のアルミニウム押出素管(外径32mm、肉厚1.5mm、長さ2.2m)を、引抜速度:30m/分、外径減少率:13%、断面積減少率:36%で引抜き、その引抜管を25℃の室温中で放冷し、時間経過とともに引抜管の後端部と先端部の表面温度を測定した。放冷実験は5本の引抜管について行った。表1に、測定温度、5本の引抜管の平均温度、後端部と先端部の平均温度差を示す。
As an experiment for cooling the drawn tube, the same aluminum extruded tube (
表1に示すように、引抜き直後は後端部と先端部とで20℃近い温度差があるが、時間の経過とともに温度差は縮小し、1時間後には管の全体が室温に収束する。この放冷過程において、約120秒で本発明で規定する10℃以下の温度差となるが、この時間はパス間の受け渡し時間と上述した本発明における冷却時間の合計よりも長い。このため、放冷によって温度差を10℃以下にしようとすれば一連の工程は中断されてしまい、本発明のような効率の良い連続引抜加工を行うことはできない。 As shown in Table 1, there is a temperature difference close to 20 ° C. between the rear end portion and the front end portion immediately after drawing, but the temperature difference decreases with time, and the entire tube converges to room temperature after one hour. In this cooling process, a temperature difference of 10 ° C. or less as defined in the present invention is reached in about 120 seconds, but this time is longer than the sum of the passing time between passes and the above-described cooling time in the present invention. For this reason, if it is going to let a temperature difference be 10 degrees C or less by standing_to_cool, a series of processes will be interrupted and the efficient continuous drawing process like this invention cannot be performed.
本発明のアルミニウム管の製造方法は、引抜方向の温度差が一定以下になるように冷却した状態で最終のNパスを行うものであるから、複数パスによって得られる表面平滑性を確保しつつ、外径寸法精度の良い引抜管を製造できる。また、Nパスは連続引抜加工であるから生産性、量産性に優れ、パス間の保管時に引抜管にキズがつくこともない。製造されたアルミニウム管は、高水準の寸法精度および表面平滑性が要求される用途に好適であり、特に感光ドラム用基体として推奨でき、優れた表面平滑性が得られるので無切削管として用いることができる。また表面を切削して感光ドラム用基体として使用する場合でも切削代を小さくできるので、切削時間やバイトの摩耗を低減できる。 The aluminum pipe manufacturing method of the present invention performs the final N pass in a cooled state so that the temperature difference in the drawing direction is below a certain level, while ensuring the surface smoothness obtained by multiple passes, It is possible to manufacture a drawn tube with good outer diameter dimensional accuracy. Further, since the N pass is a continuous drawing process, it is excellent in productivity and mass productivity, and the drawing tube is not damaged when stored between passes. The manufactured aluminum tube is suitable for applications that require a high level of dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness. Especially, it can be recommended as a substrate for photosensitive drums, and can be used as a non-cutting tube because it provides excellent surface smoothness. Can do. Even when the surface is cut and used as a photosensitive drum substrate, the cutting allowance can be reduced, so that the cutting time and tool wear can be reduced.
アルミニウム合金(Mn:1.12質量%、Si:0.11質量%、Fe:0.39質量%、Cu:0.16質量%、Zn:0.01質量%,Mg:0.02質量%を含み、残部アルミニウム及び不可避不純物)からなるビレットを、押出温度:520℃、押出速度5m/分の条件で、外径32mm、肉厚1.5mmの円筒管を押出し、長さ2.2mに切断したものを引抜用の素管(W)とした。 Aluminum alloy (Mn: 1.12% by mass, Si: 0.11% by mass, Fe: 0.39% by mass, Cu: 0.16% by mass, Zn: 0.01% by mass, Mg: 0.02% by mass) A cylindrical tube having an outer diameter of 32 mm and a wall thickness of 1.5 mm is extruded to a length of 2.2 m under the conditions of extrusion temperature: 520 ° C. and extrusion speed of 5 m / min. The cut piece was used as an extraction tube (W).
引抜はいずれも2パス行うものとし、図3に示した第1および第2引抜加工装置(31)(32)および搬送コンベア(33)(34)を用いて連続引抜加工を行った。 The drawing was performed in two passes, and continuous drawing was performed using the first and second drawing devices (31) and (32) and the conveyors (33) and (34) shown in FIG.
前記各引抜加工装置(31)(32)は、図1に示す引抜ダイス(1)とプラグ(6)を組み合わせた引抜用工具を備えている。前記引抜ダイス(1)のダイス本体(3)においてアプローチ部(4)のアプローチ角は15°であり、ベアリング部(5)のベアリング長さは15mmである。また、前記プラグ(6)において、アプローチ部(8)のアプローチ角は7°であり、ベアリング部(9)のベアリング長さは2mmである。また、潤滑用の引抜油として、共栄油化株式会社製ストロールES150(粘度:1.4×10−4m2/s)を用いた。 Each of the drawing devices (31), (32) includes a drawing tool in which a drawing die (1) and a plug (6) shown in FIG. 1 are combined. In the die body (3) of the drawing die (1), the approach angle of the approach portion (4) is 15 °, and the bearing length of the bearing portion (5) is 15 mm. In the plug (6), the approach angle of the approach portion (8) is 7 °, and the bearing length of the bearing portion (9) is 2 mm. Moreover, Kyoei Oil Chemical Co., Ltd. Strol ES150 (viscosity: 1.4 * 10 < -4 > m < 2 > / s) was used as drawing oil for lubrication.
実施例1〜6および比較例1、2において、2回のパスをそれぞれ引抜速度:30m/分、外径減少率:13%、断面積減少率:36%で引抜き、外径24mm、肉厚0.8mmの引抜管(14)を得た。 In Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, two passes were drawn at a drawing speed of 30 m / min, an outer diameter reduction rate of 13%, and a cross-sectional area reduction rate of 36%, an outer diameter of 24 mm, and a wall thickness. A 0.8 mm drawn tube (14) was obtained.
上記連続引抜加工において、実施例1〜6は以下の方法により2パス目に供する引抜管(10)の冷却を行った。一方、比較例1、2は冷却することなく2パスの連続引抜を行った。また、各例において、1パス後の引抜管(10)の引抜直後(冷却前)の後端部(13)の表面温度を接触式温度計により測定した。 In the continuous drawing process, in Examples 1 to 6, the drawing tube (10) provided in the second pass was cooled by the following method. On the other hand, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 performed two-pass continuous drawing without cooling. In each example, the surface temperature of the rear end portion (13) immediately after drawing (before cooling) of the drawing tube (10) after one pass was measured with a contact thermometer.
〔実施例1〕
第1引抜加工装置(31)において、図3に参照されるように、引抜ダイス(1)の出側上方に冷却媒体用ノズル(20)を配置し、引抜直後の引抜管(10)を冷却した。前記ノズル(20)は引抜方向に沿って3つの吐出口(21)を有し、外部から導入される冷却媒体(C)を吐出口(21)から噴出させ、引抜管(10)上に吹き付けて下方に流下させるものである。前記冷却媒体(C)として15℃の水を用い、引抜開始から引抜完了に至るまで5l/分の割合で供給した。そして、冷却された引抜管(10)が搬送コンベア(33)に移載された時点で先端部(12)および後端部(13)の表面温度を測定し、測定後2パス目の引抜を行って最終製品である引抜管(14)を得た。
[Example 1]
In the first drawing apparatus (31), as shown in FIG. 3, the cooling medium nozzle (20) is arranged above the outlet side of the drawing die (1), and the drawing pipe (10) immediately after drawing is cooled. did. The nozzle (20) has three discharge ports (21) along the drawing direction, and the cooling medium (C) introduced from the outside is jetted from the discharge port (21) and sprayed onto the drawing tube (10). To flow downward. Water at 15 ° C. was used as the cooling medium (C) and was supplied at a rate of 5 l / min from the start of drawing to the completion of drawing. Then, when the cooled drawing tube (10) is transferred to the conveyor (33), the surface temperatures of the front end (12) and the rear end (13) are measured, and the second pass after the measurement is drawn. As a result, a drawn tube (14) as a final product was obtained.
〔実施例2〕
第1引抜加工装置(31)において、実施例1と同じノズル(20)を用い、冷却媒体(C)として20℃の引抜油(潤滑用引抜油と同じ)を用い、引抜開始から引抜完了に至るまで5l/分の割合で供給した。そして、実施例1と同じく引抜管(10)の先端部(12)と後端部(13)の表面温度を測定した後、2パス目の引抜を行った。
[Example 2]
In the first drawing device (31), using the same nozzle (20) as in Example 1 and using a 20 ° C. drawing oil (same as the drawing oil for lubrication) as the cooling medium (C), the drawing is completed from the start of drawing. The feed rate was 5 l / min. And the surface temperature of the front-end | tip part (12) and rear-end part (13) of the extraction pipe | tube (10) was measured similarly to Example 1, Then, 2nd pass extraction was performed.
〔実施例3〕
第1引抜加工装置(31)において、図4に参照されるように、引抜ダイス(1)の出側にリング状の冷却媒体用ノズル(22)を配置し、引抜直後の引抜管(10)を冷却した。前記ノズル(22)は周方向に等間隔で配置された8個の吐出口(21)を有し、外部から導入される冷却媒体(C)を吐出口(21)から噴出させ、引抜管(10)の全周から吹き付けるものである。前記冷却媒体(C)として20℃のエアーを用い、引抜開始から引抜完了に至るまで2kg/cm2の割合で供給した。そして、実施例1と同じく引抜管(10)の先端部(12)と後端部(13)の表面温度を測定した後、2パス目の引抜を行った。
Example 3
In the first drawing apparatus (31), as shown in FIG. 4, a ring-shaped cooling medium nozzle (22) is arranged on the outlet side of the drawing die (1), and a drawing pipe (10) immediately after drawing. Cooled. The nozzle (22) has eight discharge ports (21) arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The cooling medium (C) introduced from the outside is jetted from the discharge port (21), and a drawing tube ( It is sprayed from the whole circumference of 10). Air at 20 ° C. was used as the cooling medium (C) and was supplied at a rate of 2 kg / cm 2 from the start of drawing to the completion of drawing. And the surface temperature of the front-end | tip part (12) and rear-end part (13) of the extraction pipe | tube (10) was measured similarly to Example 1, Then, 2nd pass extraction was performed.
〔実施例4〕
第1引抜加工装置(31)において、実施例3と同じリング状のノズル(22)を用い、前記冷却媒体(C)として20℃の窒素ガスを用い、引抜開始から引抜完了に至るまで2kg/cm2の割合で供給した。そして、実施例1と同じく引抜管(10)の先端部(12)と後端部(13)の表面温度を測定した後、2パス目の引抜を行った。
Example 4
In the first drawing apparatus (31), the same ring-shaped nozzle (22) as in Example 3 was used, and nitrogen gas at 20 ° C. was used as the cooling medium (C). From the start of drawing to the completion of drawing, 2 kg / It was fed at a rate of cm 2. And the surface temperature of the front-end | tip part (12) and rear-end part (13) of the extraction pipe | tube (10) was measured similarly to Example 1, Then, 2nd pass extraction was performed.
〔実施例5〕
第1引抜加工装置(31)において、実施例3と同じリング状ノズル(22)を用い、前記冷却媒体(C)としてエアーによりミスト状にした20℃の前記引抜油を用い、引抜開始から引抜完了に至るまで2kg/cm2の割合で供給した。そして、実施例1と同じく引抜管(10)の先端部(12)と後端部(13)の表面温度を測定した後、2パス目の引抜を行った。
Example 5
In the first drawing apparatus (31), the same ring-shaped nozzle (22) as in Example 3 is used, and the drawing oil at 20 ° C. made into mist with air is used as the cooling medium (C), and drawing is started from the drawing start. It was supplied at a rate of 2 kg / cm 2 until completion. And the surface temperature of the front-end | tip part (12) and rear-end part (13) of the extraction pipe | tube (10) was measured similarly to Example 1, Then, 2nd pass extraction was performed.
〔実施例6〕
第1引抜加工装置(31)で引抜中に冷却することなく1パス目の引抜を行い、引抜管(10)を搬送コンベア(33)に移載した後に、引抜管(10)の後端部の開口から管内に20℃のエアーを2kg/cm2の割合で50秒間供給して冷却した(図2参照)。そして、引抜管(10)の表面温度を測定した後に第2引抜加工装置(32)に搬送して2パス目の引抜きを行った。
Example 6
The first drawing unit (31) draws the first pass without cooling during drawing, transfers the drawing tube (10) to the conveyor (33), and then the rear end of the drawing tube (10) From the opening, air at 20 ° C. was supplied at a rate of 2 kg / cm 2 for 50 seconds to cool the tube (see FIG. 2). Then, after measuring the surface temperature of the drawing tube (10), it was transported to the second drawing device (32) and drawn in the second pass.
〔比較例1〕
第1引抜加工装置(31)で引抜いた引抜管(10)は、冷却を行うことなく直ちに搬送コンベア(33)に移載し、引抜管(10)の先端部(12)と後端部(13)の表面温度を測定した後、第2引抜加工装置(32)に搬送して2パス目の引抜を行った。
[Comparative Example 1]
The drawing tube (10) drawn by the first drawing device (31) is immediately transferred to the conveyor (33) without cooling, and the leading end (12) and the rear end ( After measuring the surface temperature of 13), it was transported to the second drawing device (32) and drawn in the second pass.
〔比較例2〕
第1引抜加工装置(31)で引抜いた引抜管(10)は、冷却を行うことなく直ちに搬送コンベア(33)に移載し、室温で1時間放冷して引抜管(10)の先端部(12)と後端部(13)の表面温度を測定した後、第2引抜加工装置(32)に搬送して2パス目の引抜を行った。
[Comparative Example 2]
The drawing tube (10) drawn by the first drawing device (31) is immediately transferred to the conveyor (33) without cooling, and allowed to cool at room temperature for 1 hour, and the tip of the drawing tube (10). After measuring the surface temperatures of (12) and the rear end portion (13), they were transported to the second drawing device (32) and drawn in the second pass.
2パスの連続引抜加工で得た各引抜管について、先端部および後端部の外径寸法を測定し、その差を求めた。また、2パス目の引抜加工における焼き付き状況を調べた。 For each drawn tube obtained by two-pass continuous drawing, the outer diameter of the front end and the rear end was measured, and the difference was determined. Further, the burn-in situation in the second pass drawing process was examined.
表2に、各例における工程の概略とともに、1パス直後(冷却前)の引抜管(10)の後端部の表面温度、2パス目に供する1パス後(冷却後)の引抜管(10)の後端部(13)の表面温度および先端部(12)との温度差、2パス後の引抜管(14)の後端部(13)と先端部(12)の外径の差、1パス目の引抜き完了から2パス目の引抜を開始するまでに要した時間(パス間の時間)、2パス目の引抜加工における焼付き状況を示す。 Table 2 shows the outline of the process in each example, the surface temperature of the rear end portion of the drawn tube (10) immediately after the first pass (before cooling), and the drawn tube after the first pass (after cooling) provided for the second pass (10). ) Temperature difference between the surface temperature of the rear end (13) and the front end (12), difference in outer diameter between the rear end (13) and the front end (12) of the drawn tube (14) after two passes, The time required from the completion of the first pass drawing to the start of the second pass drawing (time between passes) shows the seizure status in the second pass drawing process.
なお、図3に示した構成の連続引抜加工装置においては、1パス目から2パス目への引抜管(10)の受け渡し、即ち第1引抜加工装置(31)からの引抜管(10)の取り出し、搬送コンベア(33)への移載、第2引抜加工装置(32)への搬送、第2引抜加工装置(32)への引抜管(10)の装填には15秒を要する。この受け渡し時間は各例で共通であるから、表2のパス間の時間はこの受け渡し時間を差し引いた時間で示す。 In the continuous drawing apparatus having the configuration shown in FIG. 3, the drawing pipe (10) is transferred from the first pass to the second pass, that is, the drawing pipe (10) from the first drawing apparatus (31). It takes 15 seconds to take out, transfer to the transfer conveyor (33), transfer to the second drawing device (32), and load the drawing tube (10) into the second drawing device (32). Since this delivery time is common in each example, the time between passes in Table 2 is shown by subtracting this delivery time.
次に、1パス目の引抜条件を表3に示すように変化させ、実施例2と同じ条件で冷却を行い、1パス直後(冷却前)の引抜管(10)の後端部の表面温度、2パス目に供する1パス後(冷却後)の引抜管(10)の後端部(13)の表面温度および先端部(12)との温度差、2パス後の引抜管(14)の後端部(13)と先端部(12)の外径の差を調べた。また、2パス目の引抜加工における焼き付き状況を調べた。これらの結果を表3に示す。 Next, the drawing conditions for the first pass are changed as shown in Table 3, and cooling is performed under the same conditions as in Example 2. The surface temperature at the rear end of the drawn tube (10) immediately after the first pass (before cooling). Surface temperature of the rear end (13) of the drawn tube (10) after the first pass (after cooling) for the second pass and the temperature difference with the tip (12) of the drawn tube (14) after the second pass The difference in outer diameter between the rear end (13) and the front end (12) was examined. Further, the burn-in situation in the second pass drawing process was examined. These results are shown in Table 3.
表2および表3より、(N−1)パス中または(N−1)パス後に引抜管を冷却し、管の表面温度差を小さくした状態で最終のNパスの引抜きを行うことにより、引抜き方向における外径寸法精度を高めることができた。また、(N−1)パスにおける引抜速度および断面積減少率を規定することにより、1パス目における引抜直後(冷却前)の管の温度を確実に90℃以下に抑制することができ、ひいては2パス目の引抜きにおける焼き付きを確実に回避することができた。 From Table 2 and Table 3, the drawing tube is cooled during (N-1) pass or after (N-1) pass, and the final N pass is drawn with the surface temperature difference of the tube reduced. The outer diameter dimensional accuracy in the direction could be improved. Also, by defining the drawing speed and cross-sectional area reduction rate in the (N-1) pass, the temperature of the tube immediately after drawing (before cooling) in the first pass can be reliably suppressed to 90 ° C. or less, and consequently The seizure in the second pass drawing could be reliably avoided.
本発明によれば連続引抜加工により寸法精度の良いアルミニウム管を効率良く製造できるから、感光ドラム用基体として用いる無切削管の大量生産に適している。 According to the present invention, an aluminum tube with good dimensional accuracy can be efficiently manufactured by continuous drawing, and therefore, it is suitable for mass production of a non-cutting tube used as a substrate for a photosensitive drum.
1…引抜ダイス(引抜用工具)
6…プラグ(引抜用工具)
10…引抜管((N−1)パス後の引抜管)
12…先端部(最低温度部)
13…後端部(最高温度部)
14…引抜管(Nパス後の引抜管)
20,22…ノズル
1 ... Drawing die (drawing tool)
6 ... Plug (pulling tool)
10 ... Drawing tube (Drawing tube after (N-1) pass)
12 ... Tip (minimum temperature)
13 ... Rear end (maximum temperature)
14 ... Drawing tube (drawing tube after N pass)
20,22 ... Nozzle
Claims (14)
(N−1)パス後の引抜管の最高温度部と最低温度部との表面温度差が10℃以下となるように冷却した後に、Nパス目の引抜加工を行うことを特徴とするアルミニウム管の製造方法。 When producing an aluminum tube by performing N-pass continuous drawing on the extruded tube,
(N-1) An aluminum tube characterized by performing the N-th drawing after cooling so that the surface temperature difference between the highest temperature portion and the lowest temperature portion of the drawn tube after the pass becomes 10 ° C. or less. Manufacturing method.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007147755A JP5149545B2 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2007-06-04 | Aluminum tube manufacturing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007147755A JP5149545B2 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2007-06-04 | Aluminum tube manufacturing method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2008296271A JP2008296271A (en) | 2008-12-11 |
JP5149545B2 true JP5149545B2 (en) | 2013-02-20 |
Family
ID=40170285
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007147755A Expired - Fee Related JP5149545B2 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2007-06-04 | Aluminum tube manufacturing method |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP5149545B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5448909B2 (en) * | 2010-02-17 | 2014-03-19 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Drawing machine for tubular workpieces |
JP5448911B2 (en) * | 2010-02-19 | 2014-03-19 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Drawing machine for tubular workpieces |
CN102172812B (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-11-07 | 马志强 | Hollow aluminium division bar continuous moulding method |
CN113263067A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-08-17 | 上海龙阳精密复合铜管有限公司 | Straight pipe coreless head drawing process |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH07199506A (en) * | 1993-12-29 | 1995-08-04 | Showa Alum Corp | Production of aluminum pipe for photoreceptor substrate |
JPH0999313A (en) * | 1995-10-05 | 1997-04-15 | Showa Alum Corp | Manufacture of drawn tube |
JP2006015396A (en) * | 2004-07-05 | 2006-01-19 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Manufacturing method and apparatus for inner grooved tube |
-
2007
- 2007-06-04 JP JP2007147755A patent/JP5149545B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2008296271A (en) | 2008-12-11 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5149545B2 (en) | Aluminum tube manufacturing method | |
JP5280971B2 (en) | Metal tube drawing device and drawing method | |
JP5426701B2 (en) | Metal tube drawing device and drawing method | |
JP5154851B2 (en) | Metal tube drawing device and drawing method | |
US20020116971A1 (en) | Cold-rolling seamless copper tubing | |
US20150174631A1 (en) | Device and method for drawing metal tube | |
JP2009045663A (en) | Apparatus and method for drawing metallic tube | |
CN1791479A (en) | Method of manufacturing seamless tube | |
JP2007268553A (en) | Method for manufacturing magnesium alloy pipe | |
JP4677998B2 (en) | DIE FOR HOT EXTRUSION PROCESS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING HOT EXTRUSION MATERIAL | |
JP2005099774A (en) | Aluminum tube superior in surface quality, manufacturing method thereof, manufacture device, and photoreceptor drum substrate | |
JP5661494B2 (en) | Metal tube drawing method and drawing apparatus | |
JP5819145B2 (en) | Metal tube drawing method and drawing apparatus | |
WO2011115166A1 (en) | Method for drawing metallic tube | |
JP2005118799A (en) | Device and method for contracting diameter of metal tube | |
JP3155734B2 (en) | Rotary wheel type continuous extrusion device | |
JP2013059802A (en) | Method and apparatus for drawing metallic tube | |
JP5749605B2 (en) | Metal tube drawing method and drawing apparatus | |
RU2004121625A (en) | METHOD FOR PRODUCING BIMETALLIC CENTRIFUGAL-CAST Billets and BIMETALLIC WEAR-RESISTANT TUBES FOR TRANSPORTING ABRASIVE BULK MATERIALS AND PULPS ON PIPELINES | |
JP5191838B2 (en) | Drawing method for tubular workpiece | |
JP2006181611A (en) | Highly efficient method for manufacturing pipe with high dimensional accuracy and excellent surface quality | |
JPH07199506A (en) | Production of aluminum pipe for photoreceptor substrate | |
JP5448909B2 (en) | Drawing machine for tubular workpieces | |
JP2012166241A (en) | Draw-out method of steel pipe and draw-out device | |
US7661284B2 (en) | Application method of Cr-plated mandrel bar for hot rolling |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20100302 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20100916 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20120404 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20120501 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20120807 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20120904 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20121106 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20121130 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 5149545 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20151207 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20151207 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
RD02 | Notification of acceptance of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R3D02 |
|
S802 | Written request for registration of partial abandonment of right |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R311802 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313111 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
S531 | Written request for registration of change of domicile |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313531 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |