JP5149064B2 - Tugboat rope winch - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tugboat rope winch for feeding and winding a tow rope.

  When a large ship such as a tanker enters or exits a port, the tugboat is towed to guide the pilotage, but the tow rope (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “rope”) is attached to a winch placed on the tugboat Winding, feeding and winding operations are performed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Further, the feeding and winding of the rope are usually performed via a rope guide device arranged in front of the winch. That is, before performing the towing work, the tug boat is placed close to the large ship to be towed, and a preparatory work is performed in which one end of the rope drawn from the winch is passed to the towed ship and fixed. For example, when the winch is on the bow side, a rope having a length necessary for passing to the ship must be unwound from the winch and preliminarily collected on the bow side deck. However, since the weight of the rope to be pulled out becomes large, it is very hard work by human power. Therefore, a rope guide device for guiding the rope pulled out from the winch at a predetermined speed is provided.

  When the rope is connected to the large vessel, the tug boat moves away from the large vessel while extending the rope until the predetermined rope length is reached (if the winch is on the bow side, it will move backward).

At this time, if the rope feeding speed is too high, the rope may be slackened between the large vessel and the tugboat and may be submerged in the sea.On the other hand, if the rope feeding speed is too slow, the rope There is a risk that the rope will be cut due to excessive tension and an excessive load will be applied to the winch. Therefore, when paying out the rope, it is desirable to connect the starting end to a large ship and give a certain tension (back tension) to the rope.
JP 2000-095184 A

  On the other hand, it is conceivable that the winch is driven by an electric motor by inverter control so that large hydraulic piping is eliminated, there is no noise peculiar to hydraulic pressure, and forward / reverse rotation drive can be easily controlled from zero to the maximum speed. However, the electric motor could not realize the back tension function following the tug boat moving at high speed. In other words, if you try to obtain a back tension function similar to hydraulic pressure by applying resistance to the electric motor, the winch drum rotates externally at the traveling speed of the tugboat and the electric motor rotates at a high speed. Because it will do.

  As described above, a technology for realizing a high-speed back tension function necessary for a tugboat while using an electric motor for a winch has not yet been established.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a small-scale hydraulic circuit that can be easily piped on a deck while driving a drum around which a tow rope is wound by an electric motor capable of inverter control. Provides a rope winch for tugboats that has a back tension function that allows a hydraulic motor that also functions as a hydraulic pump to function as a resistor, and applies a predetermined tension according to the hull speed that travels in the direction opposite to the rope feed direction to the drawn rope. The purpose is to do.

(1) In the present invention, a tugboat rope winch provided on the deck of a hull and capable of feeding and winding a tow rope, and a drum for winding the rope, An electric motor that rotates in the direction of winding or rope winding, a drum control unit that controls the rotation of the drum by inverter-controlling the electric motor, and a gear box interposed between the electric motor and the drum a hydraulic oil tank, a hydraulic motor which is operatively connected to the gear box, and a plurality of channel switching valve for switching the flow path of the hydraulic oil, and a relief valve, a hydraulic circuit incorporated in the gear box, fed A roller mechanism that sandwiches the rope with a roller facing a guide port through which the rope is inserted and feeds the rope in one direction. Comprising a rope guiding apparatus which is hydraulically driven communicatively connected to a hydraulic circuit, wherein the drum controller, upon rotating the drum in the rope feeding direction, switching the passage of the hydraulic oil by the flow path switching valve said hydraulic motor to function as a resistor, has a back tension function applied to the rope feeding direction opposite ropes paid out the tension of Jo Tokoro, the changing the control position of each of the plurality of flow path switching valve Te By switching the flow path of the hydraulic oil, the drive of the electric motor, the operation of the back tension function, and the operation of the rope guide device can be controlled .

  (2) In the rope winch for tugboat described in (1), the present invention provides a loop circuit that circulates between the brake valve and the hydraulic motor when a brake valve is provided in the hydraulic circuit and a back tension function is activated. It is characterized by forming.

  According to the present invention, while using an electric motor that can easily control forward / reverse rotation from zero to the maximum speed by inverter control, a tugboat that can apply a back tension to a tow rope that is fed out according to the traveling speed of the tugboat The rope winch for use can be realized at an extremely low cost.

  The rope winch for tugboat according to the present embodiment is provided on the deck of a hull, and can draw out and wind up a rope for towing, and a drum for winding the rope, and the drum in a rope feeding direction or a rope. An electric motor that rotates in the winding direction, a drum control unit that controls the rotation of the drum by inverter-controlling the electric motor, a gear box that is interposed between the electric motor and the drum, and hydraulic oil And a hydraulic circuit that includes a tank, a hydraulic motor that is interlocked with the gear box, a flow path switching valve that switches a flow path of hydraulic oil, and a relief valve, and is incorporated in the gear box. When the drum is rotated in the rope feed-out direction, the drum control unit switches the hydraulic oil flow path by the flow path switching valve and causes the hydraulic motor to function as a resistor, in a direction opposite to the rope feed-out direction. It has a structure having a back tension function for applying a predetermined tension corresponding to the hull speed traveling to the drawn rope.

  Such a configuration eliminates the need for a large-scale piping structure such as the installation of hydraulic piping for driving the winch from the hull to the deck, and the drum around which the rope is wound is controlled by inverter control of the electric motor from zero speed to the maximum speed. Forward / reverse rotation can be easily performed, and high-speed back tension can be realized. Moreover, the fine adjustment of the work rate and speed is greatly superior to the conventional hydraulic drive.

  In addition, since an electric motor is used for driving the winch, there is no noise peculiar to hydraulic pressure, and power is consumed only at the time of driving, so that it is energy saving and suitable for a modern society where environmental protection is important.

  The hydraulic circuit includes a hydraulic oil tank, a hydraulic motor linked to the gear box, a flow path switching valve for switching the hydraulic oil flow path, and a relief valve, and may be configured by hydraulic piping on the deck. This enables efficient space utilization, and the back tension function can be built into the gearbox, eliminating the need for external piping and eliminating the need for piping for back tension on the deck. .

  The hydraulic circuit is provided with a brake valve so as to form a loop circuit that circulates between the brake valve and the hydraulic motor when a back tension function is activated. The brake circuit is provided with a relief valve that opens the port at a predetermined set pressure, and a back tension relief valve that determines the set pressure of the back tension is provided on the downstream side of the brake valve with a pilot flow path and a flow path switching valve. Connected through. And when operating the back tension function, when the flow path switching valve is operated to switch the flow path, when the set pressure for the back tension set lower than the set pressure of the relief valve of the brake valve is exceeded The back tension relief valve is opened to form a circuit through which the front hydraulic oil passes.

  Thus, in this embodiment, a back tension function can be realized with a simple configuration without requiring a special mechanism.

  And a rope guide device having a roller mechanism for holding the rope by a roller facing a guide port through which the drawn-out rope is inserted and feeding the rope in one direction. The rope guide device is connected to the hydraulic circuit. And can be hydraulically driven.

  That is, the rope guide device forms a housing between a pair of left and right columns fixed on the deck of the hull, and faces the tow rope through a guide port through which the tow rope provided in the housing is inserted. In a rope guide device for a tugboat in which a roller mechanism that clamps and feeds the tow rope in one direction is housed and disposed in the housing, the roller mechanism is a pair of upper and lower upper portions that are supported by the struts on both left and right sides. A shaft and a lower shaft, upper left and right rollers rotatably attached to the upper shaft, a lower left and right roller rotatably attached to the lower shaft, and the upper left and right rollers and the lower left and right rollers are independent of each other And a roller driving unit for rotationally driving, and the upper shaft and the lower shaft arranged at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction. And an inter-support shaft moving part that moves the upper shaft and the lower shaft to each other in a vertically approaching direction and a separating direction, and the upper left roller and the lower left roller are a first roller set, The upper right roller and the lower right roller are used as a second roller set, and one or two tow ropes can be clamped from the up and down direction through the first and second roller sets to be fed out. It can be constituted as follows.

  With this configuration, it is possible to hold the tow rope up and down by the upper roller and the lower roller from the up and down direction, and to reliably carry out the rope feeding operation, and to control each of the two ropes in a stable and tough manner. It can be done safely. That is, the rope guide device is provided with a pair of driving rollers provided so as to be able to project from the tow rope by moving from the vertical direction at the guide port of the tow rope formed at the center of the housing, The roller is rotated while the rope is clamped by the driving roller. As a result, even if the rope feed angle in the height direction between the tugboat and the towed vessel becomes deeper or fluctuates greatly during towing work, the friction force between the driving roller and the rope is maintained to ensure the rope. It can be manipulated.

  In the present embodiment, the rope guide device having the above-described function can be driven by a hydraulic circuit for providing a back tension function, so that a dedicated pump or the like for driving the rope guide device is not required, and the cost is reduced. Also, a very advantageous configuration can be achieved in terms of layout.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 is a side view of a tugboat according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the tugboat, FIG. 3 is a plan view of a winch for a tugboat according to the present embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view taken along the line BB of FIG. 3, FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of a hydraulic circuit provided in the winch, and FIGS. 7 to 9 are explanatory views of hydraulic fluid passages in the hydraulic circuit.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tugboat 1 according to the present embodiment includes a rope leader 10 as a rope guide device and a rope winch 2 as a main part of the present embodiment on the deck on the bow side from the front side. They are erected in order. That is, the tugboat 1 according to this embodiment moves backward when towing a large ship or the like. Reference numeral 12 denotes a fender made of old tires or the like disposed on the side of the hull, and can be moved to a predetermined position by bringing the hull into contact with a large ship and pushing it.

  In this embodiment, the tow section 3 is configured by one rope leader 10 and two rope winches 2 and 2 on the left and right sides, and there are cases where two tow ropes (hereinafter simply referred to as “ropes”). ) 4 and 4 can be operated, but two sets of towing units 3 provided with one rope leader 10 for one rope winch 2 can be installed on the left and right.

  The rope leader 10 is hydraulically driven via a hydraulic circuit 8 to be described later, while the rope winch 2 is a gear group 50 assembled to have a predetermined reduction ratio as shown in FIGS. An electric motor 6 that can be controlled by an inverter and a drive shaft 51 are connected to each other via a gear box 5 that houses the motor, and the electric motor 6 can rotate forward and backward from a stopped state to a maximum speed rotation state. A first brake drum 21, a chain drum 22, a rope drum (also called a towing drum) 23, and a second brake drum 24 are connected to the drive shaft 51 in series. In the figure, 25 is a chain to which an anchor is connected, 26 is a brake handle for manually operating the first brake, and 27 is a clutch mechanism of the chain drum 22.

  In addition, a hydraulic motor 7 is attached to the gear box 5 and linked to the gear group 50. As shown in FIG. 6, the hydraulic motor 7 includes a hydraulic oil tank 80, a two-position switching type first flow path switching valve 81 that switches the flow path of the hydraulic oil, and a three-position switching type second flow path switching valve. 82 and a two-position switching type third flow path switching valve 83 and a brake valve 85 having a relief valve 84 are incorporated in the hydraulic circuit 8. Reference numeral 11a denotes an upper hydraulic motor for guiding the rope, and 11b denotes a lower hydraulic motor. The rope leader 10 stores and distributes one pair on the left and right in the rope leader 10 in correspondence with the ropes 4 of the left and right rope winches 2, 2. It is installed.

  In this embodiment, the rope leader 10 can also be driven via the hydraulic circuit 8. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, a hydraulic oil tank 80 having a capacity of about 40 liters is provided on the upper side of the gear box 5, and a pipe is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 80 via the hydraulic motor 7. A hydraulic circuit 8 that circulates from the tank 80 to the hydraulic motor 7 to the hydraulic oil tank 80 is configured. As described above, since the hydraulic circuit 8 is configured by hydraulic piping compactly around the gear box 5 of the rope winch 2, efficient space utilization is possible.

  Whether the rope leader 10 is operated or not is switched to the first pipe 88a that constitutes the downstream side of the hydraulic motor 7 when the rope 4 is extended and communicates and connects the discharge side of the hydraulic motor 7 and the hydraulic oil tank 80. A two-position switching type first flow path switching valve 81 is provided, and the first port of the first flow path switching valve 81 and the rope leader 10 are similarly connected to a two-position switching type third flow path switching valve. The valve 83 is connected in communication. The second port has a closed end.

  Also, between the first pipe 88 a and the second pipe 88 b that constitutes the upstream side of the hydraulic motor 7 when the rope 4 is extended and communicates and connects the hydraulic oil tank 80 and the suction side of the hydraulic motor 7. Further, a relief valve 84 and a brake valve 85 including a plurality of check valves are interposed. The brake valve 85 and the back tension relief valve 87 are communicated with each other via a second flow path switching valve 82 through a pilot flow path. That is, when the second position switching valve 82 of the three-position switching type is disposed on the downstream side of the relief valve 84 of the brake valve 85 via the pilot path and the back tension is operated, the hydraulic oil path is The hydraulic oil that is switched and exceeds the set pressure of the back tension relief valve 87 merges with the second pipe 88b via the back tension relief valve 87. In FIG. 6, 89 is a throttle valve for finely adjusting the rotational speed of the rope leader 10, and 91 is a cock.

  The operation of the rope winch 2 and the rope leader 10, that is, the switching between the first flow path switching valve 81 and the second flow path switching valve 82 can be performed via an operation panel (not shown).

  The operation panel according to the present embodiment functions as a drum control unit that performs inverter control of the electric motor 6 of the rope winch 2. For example, an inverter control circuit including a switch circuit and an operation that is electrically connected thereto. The concept includes switches. Such an operation panel can be incorporated into, for example, a steering stand in a wheelhouse, and each device can be remotely operated. Therefore, the operation input from the operation panel can drive and stop the electric motor 6, operate the back tension function, drive the rope leader 10, and the like.

  Here, the flow of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic circuit 8 will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9 when the rope winch 2 is normally driven (towing winch), when the rope leader 10 is driven, and when the back tension is activated. To do. Here, the rope 4 is fed out when the electric motor 6 is reversely rotated, and is wound up when the electric motor 6 is normally rotated.

  FIG. 7 shows a case where the rope winch 2 is normally driven. Here, a case where the rope 4 is wound will be described as an example. That is, when the operation panel is operated and the winding operation of the rope 4 is executed, the first flow path switching valve 81 and the third flow path switching valve 83 are set to the first control position, and the second flow path switching valve 82 is placed. Becomes a neutral position, and the electric motor 6 is driven forward. As the electric motor 6 rotates, the hydraulic motor 7 rotates through the gear group 50 in the gear box 5, and the hydraulic oil is supplied from the hydraulic oil tank 80 to the first pipe 88a (third flow path) as shown in the figure. The switching valve 83 → the first flow path switching valve 81) → the hydraulic motor 7 → the second pipe 88b → the hydraulic oil tank 80 flows. At this time, the hydraulic pressure is in an unloaded state, and the rope 4 is wound around the rope drum 23 at a speed corresponding to the rotation of the electric motor 6.

  When the rope 4 is fed out, the electric motor 6 is driven in reverse, and the hydraulic oil flows in the direction opposite to the arrow indicating the flow of the hydraulic oil in FIG. It will be fed out from the rope drum 23 at a corresponding speed.

  Here, the case where a large ship is actually towed is demonstrated, referring FIG.8 and FIG.9.

  In order to tow a large vessel, the rope 4 must first be connected to the large vessel. For this purpose, it is necessary to feed out the rope 4 of a length necessary for the connection on the deck. At this time, the rope leader 10 is operated in order to pay out the rope 4 which is a relatively heavy object safely and reliably. The rope leader 10 is provided with a pair of rollers (not shown) that are driven to rotate by the upper and lower hydraulic motors 11a and 11b for rope guidance and feed the rope 4.

  When the rope leader 10 is operated by operating the operation panel, as shown in FIG. 8, the first flow path switching valve 81 and the second flow path switching valve 82 are moved to the first control position and the third flow path switching is performed. The valve 83 is in the second control position, the electric motor 6 rotates in the reverse direction, and the hydraulic motor 7 rotates through the gear group 50 of the gear box 5. At this time, the hydraulic motor 7 functions as a hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic oil is supplied from the hydraulic oil tank 80 → second pipe 88b → hydraulic motor 7 → first pipe 88a (first flow path switching valve 81 → third flow path switching). Valve 83 → upper / lower hydraulic motors 11a, 11b) → hydraulic oil tank 80 and the rope guide upper / lower hydraulic motors 11a, 11b can be rotated to feed the rope 4 onto the bow deck. . At this time, since the hydraulic motor 7 is also driven in proportion to the rotational speed of the electric motor 6, the rotation of the roller of the rope leader 10 synchronized with the feeding speed of the rope rope 4 can be obtained. Fine adjustment for synchronizing the speed can be performed by the throttle valve 89.

  Next, the tugboat 1 is brought to the target large vessel, and the tip of the rope 4 is transferred to the large vessel and connected to a predetermined position. Then, the tug boat 1 is moved backward while driving the rope winch 2 and feeding the rope 4 to a position where the rope 4 during towing reaches a predetermined towing distance. At this time, if the feeding speed of the rope 4 is too fast, the rope 4 is greatly slackened between the large ship and the tugboat 1 and may be submerged in the sea, caught in a screw, or contacted with suspended matter. . On the other hand, if the feeding speed of the rope 4 is too slow, a sudden tension may be applied to the rope 4 and the rope 4 may be cut or an excessive load may be applied to the rope winch 2. To activate the back tension function.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 9, in this case, the first flow path switching valve 81 and the second flow path switching valve 82 are in the second control position, and the third flow path switching valve 83 is in the first control position. Thus, the rope drum 23 is reversed by the external force from the rope 4, the electric motor 6 is reversed, and the hydraulic motor 7 is rotated via the gear group 50 of the gear box 5. At this time, since the first flow path switching valve 81 is in the second control position and the port is connected to the closed end portion, the hydraulic oil 7 flows only to the brake valve 85 side by the rotation of the hydraulic motor 7, and the relief valve 87. The pressure is increased to the set pressure. When a predetermined pressure is reached, the hydraulic oil flows from the brake valve 85 through the flow path indicated by a in the figure to the second pipe 88b. That is, the hydraulic oil circulates through the hydraulic motor 7 → the first pipe 88a → the brake valve 85 → the flow path a → the second pipe 88b → the hydraulic motor 7 and the back tension due to the set pressure of the relief valve 87 acts. Thus, when the back tension function is activated, a loop circuit that circulates between the brake valve 85 and the hydraulic motor 7 is formed. The hydraulic fluid in the pilot flow path exceeding the set pressure flows through the brake valve 85 → second flow path switching valve 82 → relief valve 87 → first pipe 88 a and returns to the hydraulic oil tank 80.

  In this way, when an operation instruction for the back tension function is input via the operation panel and the rope drum 23 of the rope winch 2 is rotationally driven, the hydraulic motor 7 functions as if it is a variable resistance, and a predetermined tension ( The rope 4 can be fed out in a state where a back tension is applied. Therefore, the back tension function can be easily imparted to the rope winch 2 without skilled skills.

  In addition, a large piping structure is not required, such as the installation of hydraulic piping for driving the winch from the engine room in the hull to the deck, so that efficient space utilization is possible and the back tension function is provided in the gear box 5. This eliminates the need for external piping and eliminates the need for piping for back tension on the deck.

  In addition, the rope drum 23 can be easily rotated forward and reversely by the inverter control of the electric motor 6 from zero speed to the maximum speed, and high-speed back tension can be realized. And by using the electric motor 6, there is no noise peculiar to hydraulic pressure, and electric power is consumed only at the time of driving, thereby saving energy.

  From the embodiment described above, the following tugboat rope winch can be realized.

  That is, a tugboat rope winch (rope winch 2) provided on the deck of the hull and capable of feeding out and winding the tow rope 4, and a drum (rope drum 23) for winding the rope 4; The electric motor 6 that rotationally drives the drum in a rope feeding direction or a rope winding direction, a drum control unit that controls the electric motor 6 by inverter control, and the electric motor 6 and the drum Between the gear box 5, the hydraulic oil tank 80, the hydraulic motor 7 linked to the gear box 5, and a flow path switching valve for switching the flow path of the hydraulic oil (for example, the first flow path switching) Valve 81, second flow path switching valve 82), and relief valve (for example, relief valve 84, relief valve 87 for back tension), A hydraulic circuit 8 incorporated in the yaw box 5, and the drum controller switches the hydraulic oil flow path by the flow path switching valve when the drum is rotated in the rope feeding direction. A winch for a tugboat having a back tension function that applies a predetermined tension according to a hull speed that advances in a direction opposite to the rope feeding direction to the rope 4 that has been fed out.

  When a brake valve 85 is provided in the hydraulic circuit and the back tension function is activated, a loop circuit that circulates between the brake valve 85 and the hydraulic motor 7 (for example, hydraulic motor 7 → first pipe 88a → brake valve 85 → flow A winch for a tugboat forming a path a → second pipe 88b → hydraulic motor 7).

  The rope 4 is provided with a rope guide device (rope leader 10) having a roller mechanism for holding the rope 4 by a roller facing the guide port through which the drawn rope 4 is inserted and feeding the rope 4 in one direction. A tugboat winch that hydraulically drives a guide device in communication with the hydraulic circuit 8 (see, for example, FIG. 8).

It is a side view of the tugboat concerning this embodiment. It is the same top view. It is a top view of the winch for tugboats concerning this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing by the AA cross section view of FIG. It is explanatory drawing by the BB cross section view of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the hydraulic circuit provided in the winch. It is explanatory drawing of the hydraulic fluid flow path in the hydraulic circuit. It is explanatory drawing of the hydraulic fluid flow path in the hydraulic circuit. It is explanatory drawing of the hydraulic fluid flow path in the hydraulic circuit.

Explanation of symbols

1 tug boat 2 rope winch 4 tow rope 5 gear box 6 electric motor 7 hydraulic motor 8 hydraulic circuit 10 rope leader (rope guide device)
23 rope drum 81 first flow path switching valve 82 second flow path switching valve 83 third flow path switching valve

Claims (2)

A tugboat rope winch provided on the deck of a hull and capable of feeding and winding a tow rope,
A drum around which the rope is wound;
An electric motor that rotationally drives this drum in the rope feeding direction or the rope winding direction;
A drum control unit that controls the rotation of the drum by inverter-controlling the electric motor;
A gear box interposed between the electric motor and the drum;
A hydraulic circuit incorporated in the gear box, including a hydraulic oil tank, a hydraulic motor linked to the gear box, a plurality of flow path switching valves for switching the flow path of the hydraulic oil, and a relief valve;
A rope guide device that includes a roller mechanism that sandwiches the rope by a roller facing a guide port through which the drawn-out rope is inserted and feeds the rope in one direction, and is hydraulically driven by being connected to the hydraulic circuit; ,
With
The drum controller, upon rotating the drum in the rope feeding direction, by switching the flow path of the hydraulic oil by the flow path switching valve to function the hydraulic motor as a resistor, Tokoro rope out direction opposite to the direction have a back tension function added to the rope that has been fed a constant tension,
The drive of the electric motor, the operation of the back tension function, and the operation of the rope guide device can be controlled by changing the control position of each of the plurality of flow path switching valves and switching the flow path of the hydraulic oil. A tugboat rope winch.   2. The tugboat rope winch according to claim 1, wherein a brake circuit is provided in the hydraulic circuit, and a loop circuit is circulated between the brake valve and the hydraulic motor when a back tension function is activated.

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