JP5144056B2 - Adjuster for setting anchor angle - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a jig suitable for detecting and setting an installation angle of an anchor embedded in a slope such as an anchor for a rockfall prevention facility.

  Rock fall prevention facilities and avalanche prevention facilities are used as facilities installed on slopes. For example, in the prior art, wire ropes are arranged vertically and horizontally to prevent rock fall on inclined surfaces dotted with floating stones. The construction method (rope net construction method) that absorbs the falling energy of the floating stone is adopted by laying the net in close contact with the ground surface of the slope and fixing it with an anchor to hold the floating stone against the ground surface.

The slope ground where the anchor should be provided may be rock, or soil and gravel, or stone, and in either case, the anchor is driven at the end of the mesh rope and at the intersection. In the past, it was common to install such anchors perpendicular to the ground axis (lower road cross section). The prior art also does not disclose the optimum driving angle and direction with respect to the slope.
However, according to this, the earth pressure around the anchor and the anchor fixing strength by the fixing material are not uniform. In addition, because of the peculiarity of the rope fall prevention net that crosses the rope vertically and horizontally, the anchor has an upward, downward, leftward, rightward or a combined tensile force through the rope. work. For this reason, when driven in the vertical direction with respect to the earth axis regardless of the topography of the slope as in the prior art, the earth pressure on the top, bottom, left, and right becomes uneven, and the tensile force from below is proof. There was a problem that sufficient earth pressure resistance was not guaranteed for pulling from the left and right.

As a countermeasure against this, the present inventors have proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-107346 and the like to embed an anchor at a right angle in an orientation of 360 degrees with respect to the target slope.
However, in order to embed an anchor at a right angle in a 360 ° azimuth direction with respect to the target slope surface as described above, it is important to accurately detect the angle as a preceding operation. However, conventionally, there is only an angle measuring means in one direction such as a protractor and a ruler, and there is no jig that can perform the above operation easily and accurately.
Japanese Patent No. 2679966

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to easily and quickly detect and set the anchor driving direction perpendicular to the slope in a 360-degree azimuth direction. It is an object of the present invention to provide a practical jig that can easily and accurately install an anchor having the same strength in all directions.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a means for detecting and setting a direction perpendicular to the ground surface of the site where the anchor is to be installed, the bar-like reference pile 2 and the lower surface of the slope site where the anchor is to be installed. Three foldable legs 1a arranged at intervals of 120 degrees in three directions, a top 1b pivotally attached to the upper ends of these legs 1a, and vertically extending downward from the center of the top, Ri Do from the jig body 1 having a guide pipe 1c through which the reference pile 2, a steel bar rod-like criteria piles were sharp processed tip, rod-like criteria stakes a helical drill bit to the tip The guide pipe of the jig body has a lubricating surface inside, and is characterized by having a lubricating surface .

The jig body can be folded easily, so it can be easily carried even in a steep field.In the place where the anchor is to be installed, the three legs are opened and grounded, and the bar-like reference pile is grounded through the guide pipe. By a simple work to make it self-supporting with the required long stake, it is possible to set the right angle in the 360 degree orientation on the target slope and set the anchor by burying the anchor with the reference pile as the reference line It can be embedded at a right angle in the direction of 360 degrees with respect to the target slope.
For this reason, it is possible to efficiently and easily install anchors with the same proof strength in all directions that can sufficiently and uniformly receive the surrounding earth pressure and can stably handle tensile forces from all directions in the vertical and horizontal directions. It becomes possible.

The bar-shaped standard pile is basically a steel bar with a sharpened tip, but includes a rotating steel bar with a spiral drill bit at the tip. In this case, the guide pipe of the jig body is It is preferable to have a lubricating surface inside.
According to the latter, since the rotating steel bar is propelled to the ground, even if the slope to be anchored is geology or rock with rocks, gravel, etc. Detection and setting can be performed.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIGS. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of an anchor installation angle detection / setting adjuster according to the present invention, which comprises a jig body 1 and a bar-like reference pile 2 independent of the jig body 1.
The jig body 1 is made of a material such as stainless steel or aluminum, and has three legs 1a, 1a, 1a that are arranged at intervals of 120 degrees and have the same leg length, and upper ends of the legs 1a, 1a, 1a. A pivotable top (head) 1b, a guide pipe 1c that opens upward from the top 1b from the center of the top, and extends vertically downward, and slides near the lower end of the guide pipe 1c. A slide 1d that is externally fitted to the slide 1d, and three open / close bars 1e, 1e, and 1e that have one end pivotally attached to the slide 1d and the other end pivotally attached near the lower portion of the legs 1a, 1a, and 1a. ing.
Each of the three legs 1a, 1a, 1a can be expanded and contracted as shown by the phantom line in FIG. 1 so that the three legs 1a, 1a, 1a can be installed even if there are irregularities on the ground surface such as rocks.

  The rod-like reference pile 2 is made of a bar steel that is thinner than the inner diameter of the guide pipe 1c and whose full length L is sufficiently longer than the vertical height of the jig body 1, and has a tip 2a that is machined into an acute angle. ing.

For example, the legs 1a, 1a, 1a of the jig body 1 have a circumscribed circle radius of 1 m, the vertical height to the top 1b is about 1 m at standard time, and the guide pipe 1c has an inner diameter of 20 mm to 30 mm. The length is about 70 to 80 mm, and the reference pile 2 has a diameter of about 15 to 25 mm and a length of about 1.5 m.

  FIG. 3 shows the usage of the first embodiment. The legs 1a, 1a, 1a of the jig body 1 are opened, and the slope portion where the anchor is to be installed as shown in FIG. It arrange | positions so that the lower end of leg 1a, 1a, 1a may earth | ground in 3 directions. At this time, the center of the guide pipe 1c is set to be the center point of anchor installation. When the slope of the slope is tight or uneven, the jig body 1 is supported by hand so that it does not fall down, or the lower part of the leg is pulled out or shrunk appropriately. In addition, when the unevenness of the topography of the construction site is extreme or has a sharp bend, correction is performed such that the legs 1a, 1a, 1a are appropriately closed and the circumscribed circle radius is reduced.

The direction of the legs (three directions) at intervals of 120 degrees is arbitrary, and the guide pipe 1c extends from the center of the tripod to the center in the ground direction at the point where the lower ends of the legs 1a, 1a, 1a are in contact with the ground surface. Can be determined to be 360 degrees perpendicular.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the rod-like reference pile 2 is inserted into the guide pipe 1c that opens upward from the top of the leg, and is made to contact the anchor point ap of the ground through the guide pipe 1c. The rod-like reference pile 2 is hammered from the rear end with a tool HM such as a hammer, and is driven into the ground for about 300 to 500 mm as shown in FIG.

As a result, the right angle is set to be set in the 360 ° azimuth to the anchor installation target slope.
Here, “right-angled” means that it includes a case where it is not strictly 90 degrees with respect to the slope, and this is because errors must be included in the measurement from the topography and work surface of the construction site. is there. The allowable range of error is not generally determined, but includes a range where there is no problem in yield strength, for example, about 5 to 15 degrees.

Since the direction is set as described above, the jig body 1 is lifted as shown in FIG. 3C, and the guide pipe 1 c is pulled out so as to move along the reference pile 2. Since the reference pile 2 remains as it is, the anchor 3 may be buried with the reference pile 2 as a reference line as shown in FIG.
There is no limitation on the method of burying the anchor 3, the standard pile 2 may be pulled out, and an anchor with a sharp tip may be driven into the driving hole, or the anchor 3 may be coaxial with the standard pile 2 as shown in FIG. It may be arranged in a shape, hammered in, or rotated to embed the soil while drilling.

When the anchor is embedded mechanically with a special machine, such as using a bit that is independent of the driving anchor, rotating or pipe anchor, and using an excavating assembly that imparts an axial striking force and rotational motion to this, a mounting base is used. Is installed along the reference pile 2 as a reference line, and is embedded in the soil through the feed. When the feed is installed according to the reference line in this way, the anchor 3 can be installed at a right angle of 360 degrees.

FIG. 4 schematically shows an embedded state of the anchor 3, L represents the anchor length, and the first inclined region 7 </ b> A is inclined with only a component in the vertical direction as viewed from the front. The anchor 3 in the region is embedded so that the axis is perpendicular to the normal inclination angle.

In the second inclined area 7B, a component that is inclined in the vertical direction and a component that is inclined in the horizontal direction with respect to the road are combined. In the left area 7B1, the anchor 3 is higher as it approaches the first inclined area 7A. It is embedded so as to be perpendicular to the inclination angle α in the left-right direction and perpendicular to the inclination angle in the vertical direction.
Since the vertical inclination angle here is smaller than that of the first region 7A, the anchors of the left region 7B1 are apparently higher in the contour lines viewed from the front even though each anchor 3 has the same length. Is inserted. Since the right region 7B2 of the second inclined region 7B is higher as it approaches the third inclined region, although not shown, the anchor here is buried in contrast to the left region 7B.

As shown in FIG. 5A, the embedded anchor 3 is fitted with a loop portion 50 of the winding grip 5 wound around the end of the wire rope RPA on the head protruding from the ground surface, and is perpendicular to the axis of the anchor. It is prevented from coming off by a pin 30 penetrating the pin.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the cap 31 is fitted to the anchor 3 at another location, and is fixed by the pin 30 penetrating the pipe. Bolts 32 for fixing the grip are planted on the cap 31, and the fitting 4 is composed of oblong boards 40 and 41 that form a pair at the top and bottom across the crossing portion of the cross-shaped wire rope RPA and the wire rope RPB. One end of the shaft is passed through the bolt 32 and tightened with a nut to be integrated with the anchor. The other end of the coupling fitting 4 is fastened with a bolt nut 33.

FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of an anchor installation angle setting adjuster according to the present invention.
This embodiment is suitable when the slope part to be anchored is mainly a rock (rock), and the standard pile 2 has a spiral drill bid 2b at the tip. This drill bid 2b is comprised with a cemented carbide etc., and is integrated with a reference | standard pile main body by welding, or is connected so that replacement | exchange is possible.

The jig body 1 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but the guide pipe 1c has a lubrication surface 10 for smooth rotation of the reference pile 2 inside. The lubricating surface 10 may be a liquid member such as grease that exhibits friction, or may be a solid member such as a bearing.
Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

In the second embodiment, the reference pile 2 is inserted into the guide pipe 1c of the jig body 1 as shown in FIG. At this time, when the outer diameter of the drill bid 2b is larger than the inner diameter of the guide pipe 1c, the rear end portion of the reference pile 2 may be inserted from the lower end of the guide pipe 1c.
Next, if the triangularly arranged legs 1a, 1a, and 1a are installed on the target slope surface as shown in FIG. 7B, the guide pipe 1c automatically points in the direction perpendicular to the ground surface as described above. Therefore, the drill bid 2b protruding from the guide pipe 1c is formed at a right angle in a 360 ° azimuth to the anchor installation target slope.

Therefore, the rotation driving means 6 is connected to the rear end side of the reference pile 2 and rotated while being pressed. Thereby, since the drill bid 2b is propelled while drilling the ground, it is made independent in a state where it is propelled for a required length as shown in FIG. 7 (c). As a result, a right-angled setting is made in the 360 ° azimuth to the anchor installation target slope.
After that, the jig body 1 is lifted in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the guide pipe 1c is pulled out so as to move along the reference pile 2. As shown in FIG. 7D, the reference pile 2 remains self-supported, and therefore the anchor 3 may be embedded using the reference pile 2 as a reference line.

When the anchor is installed in bedrock, the standard pile 2 is reversely rotated and pulled out, drilled by a rock drill using the drilling by the standard pile 2 as the reference line, and a capsule-shaped cement-based fixing material is inserted into the borehole The anchor may be inserted and fixed. Alternatively, an anchor may be inserted into the bore hole and then fixed by injecting a fixing material such as mortar or resin.
Since the borehole is perpendicular to the 360 ° orientation of the installation slope, the anchor is installed at this angle, thus providing a very strong and stable anchor.

FIG. 8 shows an example of a rock fall prevention facility obtained by applying the anchor installation angle setting adjuster according to the present invention. The slope existing above the road RD is dotted with floating stones and dotted with standing trees. doing. In this example, the slope 7 is adjacent to the first inclined area 7A and the first inclined area 7A, which is inclined with a component only in the vertical direction with respect to the road when viewed from the direction indicated by the white arrow. A second inclined region 7B in which a component that is inclined in the vertical direction and a component that is inclined in the horizontal direction are combined, and a third inclined region that is adjacent to the second inclined region 7B and is inclined with a component only in the vertical direction. 7C.
The second inclined area 7B indicates a lot of terrain, and the inclination in the left-right direction switches in the middle of the width direction, and the left area 7B1 that is higher as it approaches the first inclined area 7A, and the third inclination The closer to the region, the higher the right region 7B2. Note that the left region 7B1 and the right region 7B2 do not necessarily have the same inclination angle.

N is a rope net type rock fall prevention device installed using the present invention, and is laid over the entire slope or the required range of the slope 7 dotted with floating stones and standing trees as described above. The RPA and the main horizontal wire rope RPB are crossed so as to form, for example, a 2 m square mesh, and are routed around a standing tree as much as possible, and stretched along the terrain so as to pass over the floating stone.
The vertical terminal of each main vertical wire rope RPA and the horizontal terminal of each main horizontal wire rope RPB are fixed to the ground by anchors 3 and 3, respectively, and the intersection of the main vertical wire rope RPA and main horizontal wire rope RPB Is fixed to the anchors 3 and 3 via a coupling fitting 4 such as a cross grip.

  Among the anchors 3, those that are in a region where a substantially equivalent proof stress is required at an orientation of 360 degrees (may be all or part) may be perpendicular to the cross section of the road RD. Rather than (perpendicular to the earth axis), the first inclined region 7A and the third inclined region 7C as well as the second inclined region 7B are perpendicular to the anchor installation target inclined surface at an angle of 360 degrees. It is buried in.

Since the mesh-like ropes RPA and RPB are always embedded at a right angle with respect to the slope inclination angle at any inclination, the surrounding earth pressure is sufficiently and uniformly applied to all anchors. The same yield strength can be obtained in the direction.
Therefore, the same stable support force can be obtained in both the first inclined region and the second inclined region, and even when a floating stone moves and a multidirectional load acts, it can be firmly received.
That is, since the crossing portion of the rope is fastened by the connecting metal fitting 4, when a first falling rock of one stone starts at one place, a tensile force is applied to the upper and lower and left and right anchors of the stone. The force applied to these individual anchors varies depending on the terrain and the situation of rock fall, and rock fall often occurs simultaneously at multiple locations, and the force applied to the anchor 3 is complicated by the force of the rope. Since the anchor 3 is driven into the inclined surface at a substantially right angle, the equal strength is maintained in the vertical and horizontal directions, and rockfall can be reliably prevented.

  Since the slope component is compounded in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, the anchor has not been embedded so as to form a right angle with respect to the inclination angle α in the horizontal direction. For this reason, the earth pressure is not uniform over the entire circumference of the anchor, and the anchor strength is different between the first inclined region 7A and the second inclined region 7B, and a sufficient rock fall prevention effect cannot be achieved. For this reason, it was difficult to expect a sufficient effect even if the rockfall prevention device N was installed in a swamp where there is a sufficient risk of rockfall, but according to the present invention, it is almost equivalent to an anchor other than the swarm area. Strength anchors can be installed in many areas, and can be stably supported even when a falling rock is applied by a rope net.

  In embedment of the anchor described above, a construction range consisting of a lateral width and a longitudinal width is determined at a place where the rock fall prevention device N on the inclined surface is laid, and removal of small floating stones in the range, undercutting such as a bush, etc. Next, a strip of fiber rope, flat braid, plastic tape, etc. is stretched in a rectangular shape so as to surround the construction range, and for example, horizontal (left and right) Marking is performed at intervals of 2 m in the direction and at intervals of 2 m in the vertical (vertical) direction. These marking positions become the terminal fixing anchor positions of the main vertical wire rope and the main horizontal wire rope.

Next, the warp for positioning is hung along the ground surface from the marking position of the upper horizontal stripe, and is stopped at the marking position of the lower horizontal stripe. At the same time, the weft thread extends along the ground surface from the left (or right) vertical stripe marking position, and stops at the right (or left) vertical stripe marking position. Thereby, for example, the warp and weft P are stretched in a lattice pattern at intervals of 2 m in the transverse (left and right) direction and 2 m in the longitudinal (up and down) direction, and the installation location of the anchor is determined by the intersection ap of the warp and weft. Is done.

The anchor driving direction (driving angle) is determined for each anchor position ap determined in this manner. At this time, the adjuster according to the present invention is used, and in a large number of locations, it is extremely easy and quick in the direction of 360 degrees. The anchor embedding direction can be set at a right angle, and the jig body 1 and the reference pile 2 can be used repeatedly, which is economical.

9 to 12 show an example in which an anchor for suspending a non-self-supporting structure with a rope is installed on a slope by applying the present invention, and the anchor 3 has an orientation of 360 degrees with respect to the installation slope surface portion. Embedded in a right angle.
To prevent avalanches and falling rocks on the slope, anchors are installed above the slope, and a suspended fence construction method and system for suspending non-self-supporting structures in the form of shelves or triangular pyramids, etc. However, in the past, the anchor was generally installed perpendicular to the ground axis (lower road cross section).

However, since such anchors obtain a lifting force due to the surrounding earth pressure, the embedding perpendicular to the earth axis is greatly influenced by the soil quality and volume of the front (valley side), and the target slope has a lot of cutting. When there is a slope, the amount of earth and sand on the valley side decreases corresponding to the slope, so the earth pressure around the anchor is not uniform. Moreover, falling rocks and avalanches do not always apply stress to the center of the fence, and the load may concentrate on the part off the center, in which case the tensile force applied to the anchor becomes oblique. As a result, there was a risk that the installed pipe would fall, the suspension would be lost and the fence would fall.
If the adjuster according to the present invention is used, the anchor can be embedded in a right angle with an orientation of 360 degrees with respect to the installation target slope, as described above, so that the earth pressure on the anchor becomes uniform and the same proof stress is obtained in all directions. can get. For this reason, the freedom degree of arrangement | positioning of a non-self-supporting structure increases at the time of construction on-site, and the stable fixing force can be exhibited no matter what direction the tensile load acts on the anchor.

7 is a slope that exists above the road RD. In this example, the slope 7 includes a first slope region 7A that slopes with only a component in the vertical direction as viewed from the direction indicated by the white arrow. , Adjacent to the first inclined area 7A, adjacent to the second inclined area 7B, a second inclined area 7B in which a component inclined in the vertical direction with respect to the road and a component inclined in the left-right direction are combined, and substantially It has a third inclined region 7C that is inclined by a component only in the vertical direction.
The second inclined area 7B is basically a terrain such as a lot, and the inclination in the left-right direction is switched in the middle of the width direction, and the higher the left area 7B1 the closer to the first inclined area 7A, 3 and the right region 7B2 that is higher as it approaches the inclined region 3.

Reference numeral 3 denotes an anchor formed by processing a pipe such as a steel pipe, and is installed from the first inclined region to the third inclined region at a predetermined interval in the left-right direction. A plurality of anchors 3 are installed in a so-called zigzag pattern so that they do not overlap with each other at least one in the vertical direction and usually overlap in the vertical direction.
A wire rope RP is coupled to each of the anchors at a head protruding from the ground surface, the wire rope RP extends downward (valley side), and a non-self-supporting structure S is coupled and suspended at the lower part. Although the non-self-supporting structure S is not limited, in this example, it is a fence body in which a beam part is horizontally mounted on a beam part.

  In the present invention, each of the anchors 3 is not perpendicular to the cross section of the road 1 (perpendicular to the ground axis), but has a second slope as well as the first slope area 7A and the third slope area 7C. Also in the region 7B, it is buried at a right angle in the 360-degree azimuth of the anchor installation target slope portion.

In FIG. 11, two roads RDA and RDB intersect, and the first slope 7A facing the first road RDA is a cut forming slope, and the slope 7A is a road seen from the direction of the arrow. In contrast, the region is inclined with a component only in the vertical direction. The second slope 7C is a natural slope such as a free frame facing the road RDB, and is connected to the first slope RDA by a rubbed ridge 70.
In such terrain, by using the adjuster of the present invention to detect and set the angle, the anchors 3 and 3 are embedded so as to form a right angle with respect to the first slope 7A close to the ridge 70. It is possible to easily extend the ropes RP and RP to the second slope 7C so as to cross the ridge 70 from the ridge 70 and suspend the non-self-supporting structure S on the ropes.
FIG. 12 shows another example. In (a), ropes RP and RP are led in a V shape from a non-self-supporting structure (triangular pyramid avalanche fence in this example) S to left and right anchors 3 and 3. In (b), the rope RP is guided in an inverted V shape from the anchor 3 and connected to the non-self-supporting structure S.

The above application examples are just a few examples, and the present invention is not limited to this example, and the rope of the falling rock protection net stretched so as to form the pocket or the rope of the cover type falling rock protection net is above the slope. In the case of suspending with the anchor, the float rock holding rope laid along the slope can be applied with the anchor above the slope.

It is a partial notch side view which shows 1st Example of the adjuster for anchor installation angle setting concerning this invention. It is a top view of the 1st example. (A)-(d) is a side view which shows the anchor installation angle setting operation | work by 1st Example in steps. It is a front view which shows typically the embedding direction of the anchor installed by applying this invention. (a) is a side view showing the connection between the end of the main rope and the terminal fixing anchor, and (b) is a side view showing the connection relationship between the intersections of the main rope and the engagement of the anchor. It is a partial notch which shows 2nd Example of this invention. (a)-(d) is a side view which shows the anchor installation angle detection and setting operation | work by 2nd Example in steps. (A) is a perspective view which shows the example of the rope net type rock fall prevention facility which applied the present invention and installed the anchor, (b) is the partial enlarged view. It is a perspective view of the suspension type rock fall prevention facility which applied the present invention and installed the anchor. It is a perspective view at the stage where the strip was stretched in a rectangular shape so as to surround the construction range. FIG. 10 is a schematic front view of FIG. 9. It is a top view which shows the other example of application of the anchor for slope suspension structures obtained by applying this invention. (A) is a front view which shows the other example of the slope suspension structure obtained by applying this invention, (b) is a front view which shows another example.

Explanation of symbols

1 Jig body 1a Leg 1c Guide pipe 2 Standard pile 2b Helical bid 3 Anchor

Claims (1)

This is a means for detecting and setting the direction perpendicular to the ground surface of the site where the anchor is to be installed, and is arranged at intervals of 120 degrees in the three directions of the bar-shaped reference pile 2 and the slope part where the anchor is to be installed. Three foldable legs 1a, a top 1b pivotally attached to the upper ends of these legs 1a, a guide pipe 1c extending vertically downward from the center of the top and penetrating the reference pile 2 Ri Do from the jig body 1 having a a steel bar rod-like criteria piles were sharp processed tip, a steel bar rod-like criteria pile has a spiral drill bit to the tip, the jig body of the guide An anchor installation angle setting adjuster characterized in that the pipe has a lubricating surface inside .

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