JP5142768B2 - Bioassay device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a test apparatus for investigating the state of attachment of marine organisms in piping of a plant that uses seawater.

  In plants using seawater, particularly in thermal power plants and nuclear power plants, condensers are used to cool steam. This condenser cools and condenses steam with seawater, creates a vacuum and collects it as condensate. In this case, marine organisms such as mussels and barnacles contained in the seawater are likely to adhere in the pipe through which the seawater passes. Then, there are problems that these marine organisms adhere to the inside of the pipes, or the dead bodies of the attached organisms accumulate, thereby narrowing the pipe passages or causing leakage due to corrosion.

  Therefore, in order to prevent the attachment of marine organisms as described above, methods such as development of antifouling paints, paralysis or lethality by flowing electric current or ultrasonic waves, and paralysis or lethality by chlorination, etc. Has been developed.

Moreover, the invention about the observation container for investigating whether the adhering organism has flowed into the piping which contacts seawater of a plant is also disclosed.
JP 2006-271331 A

    However, to develop marine organism adhesion prevention methods and determine various conditions suitable for the actual environment, a certain amount of tests and evaluations are necessary. It cannot be stopped. And in patent document 1, even if it can investigate, the evaluation and test cannot be performed.

  In addition, in order to conduct tests and evaluations regarding the prevention of marine organism adhesion, it is necessary to actually use the target marine organisms. Since marine organisms have different light habits depending on their type, adult or larva, etc., the same environment is required regardless of the type or the like in order to obtain reproducibility of the results.

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a test apparatus capable of reducing the influence on the test result due to the difference in the growth stage of marine organism types, adults, larvae, etc. by providing a constant test environment. To do.

  (1) A test apparatus for testing or evaluating the state of attachment of marine organisms in the piping of a plant that uses seawater, a storage tank that stores liquid, and a pump that sends the liquid from the storage tank A liquid pump, a generating part for generating chlorine in the liquid sent from the liquid feeding pump, a defoaming part for removing bubbles formed by the generating part, and the bubbles removed by the defoaming part An observation cell that allows liquid to pass through and enclose the marine organisms; a light-shielding member that blocks at least a part of light entering the observation cell from outside outside the observation cell; and the chlorine And a removal unit that removes chlorine contained in the liquid that has passed through the observation cell, and the storage tank can store the liquid discharged from the removal unit.

  The test apparatus of (1) is a test apparatus for testing or evaluating the state of attachment of marine organisms in the piping of a plant that uses seawater. The liquid stored in the storage tank is transferred to the liquid by a liquid feed pump. Is fed to the generator. The generating unit generates a predetermined component in the liquid that has flowed to the generating unit, and then the defoaming unit communicated with the generating unit defoams bubbles contained in the liquid. Further, marine organisms to be investigated can be enclosed in the observation cell arranged in communication with the defoaming part. And the predetermined component contained in the liquid which has passed through each part is removed by the removing unit, and the liquid from which the component has been removed is stored again in the storage tank. The observation cell has a light blocking member that blocks light from the outside.

  Thereby, the test apparatus can provide a virtual relatively small test environment. In addition, the observation cell that can enclose marine organisms shields light from the outside by the light shielding member, so that it can provide a certain environment, the difference in the type of marine organisms, the growth stage, or the habit of The influence on the test result due to the difference can be reduced.

  (2) The observation cell is disposed at each of the cylindrical observation cell main body having the liquid inlet and the outlet at both ends thereof, the inlet and the outlet, and the marine organism moves from the observation cell main body. The test apparatus according to (1), including two shielding portions that limit the above.

  The observation cell in the test apparatus according to the invention of (2) includes a cylindrical observation cell main body having a liquid inlet and outlet at both ends thereof, and two shielding portions disposed at each of the inlet and the outlet. Have. The two shielding parts restrict the movement of marine organisms from the observation cell body. Thereby, it can restrict | limit that the marine organism enclosed with the observation cell main body moves the inside of the said test apparatus with passage of a liquid. In addition, since the movement of marine organisms is restricted but liquid is allowed to pass through, the test can be continued without reducing the number of marine organisms in the observation cell body.

  (3) The light-shielding member has an adhesive surface having adhesiveness on one side thereof, and is left in a state where a part of the adhesive surface is left and folded in layers with the adhesive surface inside. The test apparatus according to (2), wherein the adhesive surface is attached to the observation cell body.

  The light shielding member in the test apparatus according to the invention of (3) has an adhesive surface having adhesiveness on one surface side. The light shielding member is folded in layers with the adhesive surface side inward with a part of the adhesive surface remaining, and the remaining adhesive surface is attached to the observation cell body.

  (4) The test apparatus according to (3), wherein the remaining adhesive surface has a ratio of a length in a longitudinal direction to a length in a width direction of the light-shielding member of the remaining adhesive surface being 1 or less.

  The remaining adhesive surface formed by folding the light shielding member in the test apparatus according to the invention of (4) is the ratio of the length of the light shielding member in the longitudinal direction to the length of the light shielding member in the lateral direction. 1 or less. Therefore, the size of the adhesive surface left by folding is the same as the length of the light shielding member in the short direction and the length of the light shielding member in the longitudinal direction, or the length of the light shielding member in the longitudinal direction. Shorter.

  (5) In the remaining adhesive surface, the ratio of the length in the longitudinal direction to the length in the width direction of the light-shielding member of the remaining adhesive surface is greater than 1, and the remaining adhesive surface is the main body of the observation cell. (1) The test apparatus according to (3), wherein the test apparatus is further wound so as to be stuck to the outside of the light-shielding member around which the remaining adhesive surface is wound.

  In the light shielding member in the test apparatus according to the invention of (5), the ratio of the length of the remaining adhesive surface in the light shielding member in the longitudinal direction to the length in the lateral direction of the light shielding member is greater than 1. In addition, when pasting the remaining adhesive surface to the observation cell body, first, the remaining adhesive surface was made to make a round so as to stick to the observation cell body, and then the second and subsequent rounds were already pasted It is made to wrap around spirally so that it may overlap with the outside of a shading member. Thereby, the area which an adhesive surface contacts the observation cell main body can be made small.

  (6) The light-shielding member includes an adhesive layer having adhesiveness, and a light-shielding layer not having adhesiveness and having light-shielding properties, and the adhesive layer is formed on a part of one surface of the light-shielding layer. The test apparatus according to (2), which is arranged.

  The light-shielding member in the test apparatus according to the invention of (6) has an adhesive surface having adhesiveness and a light-shielding layer having light-shielding properties, and the adhesive layer is disposed on a part of one surface of the light-shielding layer. The Thereby, the area which an adhesion layer touches a target object can be decreased.

  (7) The light shielding member has an adhesive surface having adhesiveness on one surface side, a part of the adhesive surface is attached to the observation cell body, and the adhesive surface is folded outward (2). The test apparatus described.

  The light shielding member in the test apparatus according to the invention of (7) has an adhesive surface having adhesiveness on one surface side. Then, when sticking to the observation cell body, first, only the one end of the light shielding member is attached to the observation cell body with the adhesive surface facing the observation cell body side. Thereafter, the portion to which the adhesive surface is affixed is turned back to the outside of the observation cell body, and the observation cell body is made a round. That is, after a part of the light shielding member is attached to the observation cell body, the adhesive surface of the light shielding member is in a state facing the outside of the observation cell body. Thereby, the area which an adhesive surface contacts the observation cell main body can be made small.

  (8) The light-shielding member has an adhesive surface having adhesiveness on one surface side, the adhesive surface is arranged facing the outside of the observation cell body, and is wound around the observation cell body. (2) The test apparatus described in 1.

  The light shielding member in the test apparatus according to the invention of (8) has an adhesive surface having adhesiveness on one surface side. Then, the adhesive surface is arranged facing the outside of the observation cell body, and the light shielding member is wound around the observation cell body. Thereby, since the adhesive surface faces outward, when the light shielding member is wound, the light shielding members can be fixed to each other at the portion where the light shielding member overlaps.

  (9) The test apparatus according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the light shielding member includes a plurality of slits.

  The light shielding member in the test apparatus according to the invention of (9) has a plurality of slits. As a result, not all light reaches the actual environment such as a plant, so that it is possible to provide a test environment closer to the actual environment.

  (10) The test apparatus according to any one of (1) to (9), wherein the light shielding member is a light shielding tape.

  The light shielding member in the test apparatus according to the invention of (10) can be formed by winding a light shielding tape around the observation cell.

  According to the present invention, by providing a constant test environment, it is possible to provide a test apparatus that can reduce the influence on the test result due to the difference in the growth stage of marine organism types, adults, larvae, etc. it can.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, embodiment of this invention is not limited to the following embodiment at all, and the technical scope of this invention is not limited to this.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the test apparatus 1. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the electrolysis unit 13. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the defoaming unit 14. FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the observation cell 15 and the control cell 25. FIG. 4B is a side view of the observation cell 15. FIG. 5 is a side view when the light shielding member 160 is arranged in the observation cell 15. FIG. 6A is a side view when the light shielding member 170 is disposed in the observation cell 15. FIG. 6B is a side cross-sectional view for explaining a case where the light shielding member 170 is disposed in the observation cell main body 151. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the light shielding member 180. FIG. 8A is a top view when the light shielding member 190 is arranged in the observation cell main body 151. FIG. 8B is a perspective view when the light shielding member 190 is arranged in the observation cell main body 151. FIG. 9A is a side view when the light shielding member 200 is arranged on the observation cell main body 151. FIG. 9B is a side cross-sectional view when the light shielding member 200 is arranged in the observation cell main body 151. FIG. 10 is a perspective view for explaining a case where the light shielding member 210 is arranged in the observation cell main body 151.

[1] Outline Hereinafter, the configuration of a test apparatus 1 which is an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. An example of the test apparatus 1 of the present invention is a bioassay apparatus. The test apparatus 1 has two channels of a test system 2 passing through an observation cell 15 described later and a control system 3 passing through a control cell 25 for comparison with the observation cell 15. The two systems share a storage tank 11 that stores a solution that is a liquid that flows to the apparatus.

  The test system 2 includes a pump 12 that sends a solution that is a predetermined liquid, an electrolysis unit 13 that generates chlorine in the solution, a defoaming unit 14 that removes bubbles generated in the flow path, and marine organisms. The observation cell 15 which can be enclosed and the removal part 16 which removes the chlorine which dissolves in artificial seawater are provided. And each part is connected by the pipe 17, respectively. Moreover, the arrow in FIG. 1 shows the direction through which a solution flows.

  The control system 3 includes a pump 22 that sends a solution from the storage tank 11 and a control cell 25 for comparison with the observation cell 15.

  In the present embodiment, the number of flow paths in which the observation cell 15 or the control cell 25 is installed is set to 1 in both the test system 2 and the control system 3. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and there may be a plurality of flow paths. Good.

  Here, the solution is a mobile phase in the test apparatus 1. The solution used in the test apparatus 1 is preferably an artificially prepared solution such as artificial seawater or water, but may be seawater existing in nature. Artificial seawater can be commercially available, for example, sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, calcium chloride dihydrate, potassium chloride, strontium chloride hexahydrate, sodium bromide, A mixture of boric acid, sodium fluoride, and potassium iodide in a predetermined ratio can be used by dissolving in water.

  In addition, marine organisms that can be observed with the test apparatus 1 of the present invention are mainly large attached organisms such as mussels and barnacles and / or their larvae, but are not limited thereto. Any organism that adheres to underwater reefs, structures, etc. can be targeted. For example, algae, sponges, mosses, bivalves, squirts, and their larvae can be targeted. In the test in the test apparatus 1, the number of marine organisms that can be tested is not limited to one, and two or more marine organisms can be simultaneously enclosed in the observation cell 15 and tested.

  The pumps 12 and 22 flow the solution stored in the storage tank 11 to each part of the test system 2 and the control system 3 in the test apparatus 1. In the control system 3, the solution flows from the storage tank 11 to the control cell 25 as it is. Then, the solution that has passed through the control cell 25 is stored again in the storage tank 11.

  In the control system 3, it is preferable to provide a flow meter 33 in the middle of the flow path toward the control cell 25. This is to adjust the flow rate of the solution flowing into the control cell 25. When the flow rate of the solution flowing through the pipe 17 in the flow path is larger than the flow rate of the control cell 25, the valve 35 of the avoidance line 28 is opened and the excess solution is allowed to flow through the avoidance line 28. The flow rate of the solution flowing in can be adjusted. In other words, the flow rate of the solution flowing into the control cell 25 can be adjusted by opening and closing the valve 35.

  On the other hand, in the test system 2, the solution is sent from the storage tank 11 to the electrolysis unit 13 by the pump 12, and the electrolysis unit 13 electrolyzes the solution to generate chlorine. That is, a solution containing chlorine at a constant concentration flows in the flow path of the test system 2 after the electrolysis unit 13 in the test apparatus 1.

  Next, the solution flows into the defoaming section 14. The defoaming unit 14 mainly removes bubbles generated in the electrolysis unit 13. The solution from which the bubbles are removed is sent to the observation cell 15 in which marine organisms are enclosed.

  In the test system 2, the flow rate is adjusted in the flow path between the electrolysis unit 13 and the defoaming unit 14. Specifically, the flow rate is measured by a flow meter 32 disposed on the downstream side of the electrolysis unit 13. If the measured flow rate is higher than the flow rate suitable for flowing into the observation cell 15, the valve 37 is opened to allow an excess flow rate to flow through the avoidance line 18, and at the same time, the valve 38 is closed to flow toward the observation cell 15 side. Adjust the flow rate. When adjusting the opening and closing of the valve 38, it can be adjusted with reference to the flow rate indicated by the flow meter 32 on the defoaming portion 14 side.

  The observation cell 15 includes an observation cell main body 151 formed of a transparent member and lid cylinders 152 and 153 serving as shielding portions disposed at both ends of the observation cell main body 151. Marine organisms can be encapsulated. On the other hand, the solution flowing into the observation cell 15 can pass through the observation cell 15.

  A removal unit 16 is disposed downstream of the observation cell 15 in the test system 2. The removal unit 16 removes chlorine generated in the electrolysis unit 13 from the solution. The solution from which chlorine has been removed is returned to the storage tank 11 through the pipe 17 and used again for the test.

[2] Explanation of Each Part [2.1] Pump The pumps 12 and 22 send the solution stored in the storage tank 11 to each part of the test apparatus 1. A known pump can be used for the pumps 12 and 22. For example, a positive displacement pump such as a rotary pump or a reciprocating pump, a centrifugal pump, a propeller pump, or the like can be appropriately selected according to a test performed using the test apparatus 1. It is preferable to use a pump in which the amount of liquid fed is always constant and is less affected by pressure fluctuations. Specifically, a magnetic centrifugal pump can be exemplified.

[2.2] Electrolysis unit The electrolysis unit 13 generates chlorine by electrolyzing the solution. When dilute hydrochloric acid or seawater is electrolyzed, the chlorine contained therein reacts with water to produce hypochlorous acid and hydrochloric acid.

Then, hypochlorous acid is further dissociated in water, and hydrogen ions and hypochlorite ions are generated as in the following formula.

  This reaction is a reversible reaction and changes depending on the pH value of water and the water temperature. In the test apparatus 1, chlorine can be generated using such a reaction, and the influence of chlorine on marine organisms can be tested.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the electrolysis unit 13. The electrolysis unit 13 includes a connection unit (not shown) that can be connected to the pipe 17, and receives supply of power from an electrolysis tank 131 having a space in which an electrode can be received and a power supply device (not shown). And at least electrodes 132 and 133 for electrolyzing the solution in the electrolytic cell 131. In the present embodiment, the electrode 132 is described as an anode and the electrode 133 is described as a cathode. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the cathode and the anode may be reversed. Further, the electrolysis unit 13 can be provided with a drain 135 and an air vent 136 in the electrolytic bath 131.

  The electrodes 132 and 133 are, for example, rod-shaped electrodes having an outer diameter of 3 mm and a length of 5 cm. The material is preferably titanium, but is not limited thereto. The rod-like electrode is preferably plated with platinum with a thickness of 1 μm.

  In the electrolysis unit 13, when the solution supplied through the pipe 17 flows into the electrolysis tank 131, a part of the inflowed solution is electrolyzed by the electrodes 132 and 133 installed in the electrolysis tank 131, and chlorine and hypochlorous acid Will occur. The generated solution containing chlorine or the like is discharged from the electrolytic cell 131 and sent to the defoaming unit 14 through the pipe 17.

  A solution having a predetermined chlorine concentration flows in the flow path downstream from the electrolysis unit 13. The residual chlorine concentration is adjusted as follows. That is, since the current value for electrolysis and the residual chlorine concentration are in a proportional relationship, a solution to be used in the test apparatus 1 is prepared in advance, and the residual chlorine concentration at a certain current value is prepared using the solution. To create a calibration line. Since the current value and the residual chlorine concentration also change depending on the temperature of the solution, it is preferable to maintain the temperature of the solution at a constant temperature.

  When seawater is used as a solution, the current value of the electrodes 132 and 133 and the residual chlorine concentration are in a proportional relationship. Therefore, if an approximate expression of the relationship between the current value and the residual chlorine concentration is created in advance, Regardless of whether or not the test is in progress, by applying the set residual chlorine concentration to the approximate expression, a guideline for the current value corresponding to it can be obtained. For example, when 0.15 mg / L, for example, is applied as the residual chlorine concentration to be set to the approximate expression obtained under the same conditions as in the test (flowing artificial seawater with a water temperature of 25 degrees to the electrolysis section at 4 L / min), A value of 41.3 mA is obtained. For this reason, it can be seen that if a current of 35 to 45 mA is passed, the desired residual chlorine concentration is obtained. Actually, there are error factors such as subtle changes in test conditions (water temperature, water quality), so it is necessary to measure and fine-tune the residual chlorine concentration during the test.

  The current flowing through the electrodes 132 and 133 is preferably 10 to 300 mA, preferably 15 mA to 200 mA. When a current of 300 mA or more is applied, impurities may be generated in the electrolytic cell 131, oxygen or hydrogen may be generated in large quantities, and the flow rate of the solution in the pipe 17 may be reduced.

[2.3] Defoaming section The defoaming section 14 removes bubbles generated by electrolysis by the electrolysis section 13 and bubbles generated when the air dissolved in the solution exceeds the saturated dissolution amount of the solution. . This is because if bubbles are included in the solution, the flow of the solution in the test apparatus 1 is hindered, which may affect the reproducibility.

  For defoaming, a known degassing apparatus may be used, or a device that becomes a trap for removing bubbles may be used. For example, as shown in FIG. 3A, the branch pipe 141 is interposed in the middle of the pipe 17 to branch the flow path, and the bag-like elastic body 142 is connected to the outlet of the branch pipe 141 that is not connected to the pipe 17. Can be mentioned.

  In addition, when attaching the defoaming part 14, it is preferable to install so that this bag-like elastic body 142 may be above the pipe 17. FIG. More preferably, the outlet of the branch pipe 141 to which the bag-like elastic body 142 is connected is preferably arranged in an inclined state so as to be directed in the direction opposite to the direction in which the solution flows (direction of arrow 173). Thereby, air bubbles lighter than the solution can be easily collected. Further, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the defoaming portion 14 is in a state curved in a substantially inverted U shape with the flow path connecting the bag-like elastic body 142 in the branch pipe 141 as a vertex. Is preferred.

  The bag-like elastic body 142 is a bag-like elastic body, and it is particularly preferable that the bag-like portion has elasticity. For example, a nipple for a pipette having a size connectable to the branch pipe 141 can be mentioned. The material of the bag-like elastic body 142 may be any material that has elasticity in a bag-like portion such as rubber or plastic.

  Below, the usage aspect of the defoaming part 14 is demonstrated. The bag-like elastic body 142 and the branch pipe 141 are filled with a solution used in the test apparatus 1 in advance. Then, when the solution is passed through the test apparatus 1 and the test is started, the bubbles generated in the pipe 17 pass through the branch pipe 141 and the bubbles are accumulated in the bag-like elastic body 142. Thus, as the gas accumulates in the bag-like elastic body 142, the solution filled in the bag-like elastic body 142 is gradually pushed out into the flow path, and the water level in the bag-like elastic body 142 decreases. .

  If the collected gas is accumulated beyond the capacity of the bag-like elastic body 142, the collected gas flows back to the pipe 17, so the bag-like elastic body 142 is removed from the branch pipe 141 and the collected gas is extracted. There is a need. The gas can be extracted by removing the bag-like elastic body 142 from the flow path of the branch pipe 141 to which the bag-like elastic body 142 is connected.

  After degassing, the removed bag-like elastic body 142 is attached to the branch pipe 141 again. In this case, it is preferable to attach to the branch pipe 141 in a state where pressure is applied to the bag-like elastic body 142 so that air does not enter the bag-like elastic body 142 as much as possible. For example, the bag-like elastic body 142 is attached while being held and crushed with a finger. Thus, after the attachment of the bag-like elastic body 142 is completed, the solution is sucked up by the bag-like elastic body 142 when the pressure applied to the bag-like elastic body 142 is restored. Thereby, when removing the bag-like elastic body 142 and removing the collected gas, it is possible to carry out without stopping the solution flowing to the test apparatus 1.

  By providing the defoaming section 14, the influence of bubbles generated in the electrolysis section 13 can be eliminated. The influence of bubbles includes the following. Although the observation cell 15 is disposed on the downstream side of the defoaming portion 14, a relatively fine mesh is used for the mesh sheet 156 disposed on the upstream side of the observation cell 15. For this reason, bubbles are blocked by the mesh sheet 156, and the flow of artificial seawater in the observation cell 15 may be biased as the bubbles accumulate. In addition, when the current value of the current flowing through the electrodes 132 and 133 of the electrolysis unit 13 is large, the amount of bubbles generated increases, and this tendency increases. As described above, when the bubbles are generated, the test result may be affected. However, by removing the bubbles by the defoaming portion 14, the influence of the bubbles can be suppressed.

[2.4] Observation Cell The observation cell 15 can enclose marine organisms. Then, it is possible to observe whether or not the enclosed marine organisms adhere to the observation cell. The observation cell 15 is formed so that the solution can pass through and the enclosed marine organisms cannot move from the observation cell 15 to other parts.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, cylindrical lid cylinders 152 and 153 each having a hollow inside and having a cylindrical diameter smaller than the observation cell main body 151 are fitted at both ends of the cylindrical observation cell main body 151. It is a configuration. A mesh sheet 156 is arranged at the end portions 154 and 155 of the lid cylinders 152 and 153 on the observation cell body 151 side so as to cover the entire surfaces of the end portions 154 and 155 of the lid cylinders 152 and 153. Can do.

  The size of the mesh in the mesh sheet 156 is preferably such that the mussel or barnacle that is the observation target cannot pass through, and can be changed depending on the size of the marine organism to be observed. Further, the size of the mesh is preferably such that it does not hinder the passage of the solution. Specifically, when the test subject is a red barnacle adhesion stage larva, the thickness is preferably 100 μm to 224 μm.

  Examples of the material 156 include nylon, polyethylene, tetron, polyester, carbon, Teflon (registered trademark), and polypropylene.

  The material of the observation cell main body 151 is preferably a transparent material so that it can be observed from the outside. For example, it is preferably made of a material such as glass, plastic, and acrylic. Specifically, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl bratil, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl dichloride, ethyl cellulose, Examples include cellulose acetate, propyl cellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose nitrate, nylon, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyurethane urea resin, epoxy resin, glass, or quartz glass. However, it is not limited to these. The material of the observation cell main body 151 and the lid cylinders 152 and 153 is preferably a material that does not react with chlorine or a solution (for example, denaturation, curing, discoloration, etc.).

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the observation cell main body 151 is made of a material that can easily attach marine organisms. For example, mention may be made of a compound comprising polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl dichloride, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, propyl cellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate, or cellulose nitrate. it can. Furthermore, it is preferable that the inner surface of the observation cell main body 151 is processed so that marine organisms are easily attached.

  The lid cylinders 152 and 153 are preferably made of the same material as the observation cell body 151 described above, but may be made of different materials.

  The shapes of the observation cell main body 151 and the lid cylinders 152 and 153 have been described as columnar shapes having a hollow inside, but are not limited thereto. For example, a quadrangular prism, a triangular prism, etc. can be mentioned.

  The length of the observation cell main body 151 is 80 to 120 mm, preferably 90 to 100 mm. The observation cell main body 151 has a diameter of 15 to 40 mm, preferably 20 to 30 mm. When the length is 120 mm and the diameter is larger than 40 mm, observation with a microscope at the end of the test becomes difficult. In addition, if the length is 80 mm and the diameter is smaller than 15 mm, the number of larvae that can be accommodated decreases, and appropriate testing becomes difficult.

  In addition, when light such as indoor light hits the observation cell 15, the test result may be affected depending on how the light hits. This is because some marine life larvae have mobility to light. For this reason, it is preferable to arrange the light shielding member 160 outside the observation cell main body 151. By making the inside of the observation cell 15 dark, the influence of light can be suppressed. Moreover, since the environment of plants, such as a power plant actually assumed, is darker than the ground, a closer environment can be created.

  For example, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 10, the light shielding member 106 is easily manufactured with a light shielding tape in which an adhesive layer 162 is formed on a light shielding base member 161 outside the observation cell body 151. be able to.

  In this case, it is preferable to prevent the adhesive surface of the tape from coming into direct contact with the observation cell main body 151 as much as possible. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the light shielding member 160 is folded with the adhesive layer 162 side inward and the adhesive surface of the adhesive layer 162 leaving a predetermined area. The adhesive layer 162 side of the light-shielding member 160 in such a state is directed to the observation cell main body 151 and attached to the remaining adhesive surface. When one light shielding member cannot cover the periphery of the observation cell body 151, a plurality of light shielding members 160 folded as described above may be produced and attached to the observation cell body 151.

  The pressure-sensitive adhesive portion formed by folding the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 162 inside preferably has a ratio of the length in the longitudinal direction of the light shielding member 160 to the length in the short-side direction of 1 or less. That is, it is preferable that the length in the longitudinal direction is longer than the length in at least the lateral direction.

  When the ratio of the length of the light shielding member 160 in the longitudinal direction to the length in the lateral direction is greater than 1, the area of the adhesive surface formed by folding the light shielding member 160 is widened. For this reason, when removing the light shielding member 160 from the observation cell main body 151 after the test, the adhesive substance of the adhesive layer 162 may remain in the observation cell main body 151, and the observation cell main body 151 may be soiled.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 10, other examples of the light shielding member can be given.
For example, as shown in FIG. 6, in the light shielding member 170 composed of the base member 171 and the adhesive layer 172, the adhesive layer 172 side is set on the inside, and the adhesive surface of the adhesive layer 172 is left about several millimeters. The light shielding member 170 is folded. Then, the light shielding member 170 in this state is spirally wound around the observation cell main body 151. When winding, it is preferable to wind the adhesive surface left about several millimeters so as to overlap the outer periphery of the light-shielding member 170 previously wound. That is, the adhesive surface is in contact with the observation cell main body 151 in the first round around which the tape is wound, but in the second and subsequent rounds, the spiral surface is formed so that the adhesive surface overlaps the outer side (base member 171 side) of the first light shielding member 170 Wrap around. Thereby, the area which the adhesion surface of a tape contacts the observation cell main body 151 can be minimized.

  In this case, it is preferable that the area of the adhesive surface formed by folding the light shielding member 170 is ½ or less of the area of the folded light shielding member 170. In addition, the adhesive surface preferably has a ratio of the length in the longitudinal direction of the light shielding member 170 to the length in the lateral direction of greater than 1.

  When the ratio of the length in the longitudinal direction to the length in the short direction is 1 or less, the area of the adhesive surface formed by folding the light shielding member 170 is widened. For this reason, when the light shielding member is removed from the observation cell body 151 after the test, the adhesive substance of the adhesive layer 172 may remain in the observation cell body 151 and stain the observation cell body 151 in some cases.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, another example is a light shielding member 180 in which an adhesive layer 182 is formed on a part of the base member 181. In this case, the area of the adhesive layer 182 is 1/3 or less of the area of the base member 181 and may be an area where the base member 181 is not peeled off when the light shielding member 180 is attached to the observation cell body 151. preferable.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the light shielding members 190 and 200 are wound around the observation cell main body 151 with the base member 191 side facing the observation cell main body 151 side and the adhesive layer 192 side facing outside. You may do it. In this case, as shown in FIG. 8, one end of the light shielding member 190 can be bent and attached to the observation cell main body 151 with the base member 191 side inward. Thus, the adhesive layer 192 that is bent and faces the observation cell main body 151 side becomes an adhesive portion between the observation cell main body 151 and the light shielding member 190.

  The light shielding member 200 in FIG. 9 is formed by spirally wrapping the observation cell main body 151 with the base member 201 facing the observation cell main body 151 and the adhesive layer 202 facing outward. In this case, it is preferable to always wind one side of the light shielding member 200 so as to overlap the side of the light shielding member 200 that has already been wound. As a result, the light shielding member 200 can be fixed so that the adhesive substance does not touch the observation cell main body 151.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 10, a light shielding member 210 in which a predetermined slit 213 is formed can be exemplified. By forming the slit 213, the inside of the observation cell 150 is not completely shielded, but enters a state where a certain amount of light enters. Thereby, an environment closer to the assumed site can be formed.

  In order to shield the observation cell main body 151 from light, as another example, a cylinder having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the observation cell main body 151 and capable of covering the whole or a part of the observation cell main body 151 is used. It may be covered. The cylinder is preferably made of a material that is not transparent and can block light to some extent. For example, a cylinder made of black paper, plastic, or metal such as iron or metal can be exemplified. And it is preferable that it can be opened and closed so that the inside of the observation cell body 151 can be observed even during the test.

  Moreover, the control cell 25 in the control system 3 is also produced with the same configuration. The control cell 25 is used simultaneously with the observation cell 15 in the test system 2 during the test. Then, the test result can be verified by comparing the observation cell 15 and the control cell 25 at the end of the test.

  The observation cell 15 and the control cell 25 are preferably installed so as to be perpendicular to the ground. Further, the solution is caused to flow in the direction of arrow 41 in FIG. That is, the solution is allowed to flow from bottom to top in the observation cell 15 and the control cell 25. This is to prevent the marine organisms enclosed in each cell from being pressed down by the pressure due to gravity and water flow.

[2.5] Removal unit The removal unit 16 is for removing chlorine and hypochlorous acid generated in the electrolysis unit 13 from the solution. Specifically, for example, the solution can be introduced into a container (trap) filled with activated carbon, and chlorine or hypochlorous acid can be adsorbed onto the activated carbon.

  The specification of the activated carbon filter is determined according to the flow rate of the solution flowing through the electrolysis unit 13 in the test apparatus 1, the test time, and the like. For example, when the solution is flowed at 3 L / min to 5 L / min and the test time is within 48 hours, the activated carbon cartridge filter used for the removing unit 16 has a diameter of 70 mm, a height of 250 mm, and coconut shell activated carbon 40-80 mesh. Can be used.

  Moreover, the removal part 16 should just be an apparatus which can remove the chlorine and hypochlorous acid which generate | occur | produced in the electrolysis part 13 not only in the trap using activated carbon. For example, you may provide the apparatus neutralized using a chemical | medical solution, and the apparatus processed with ozone.

  The solution from which chlorine and hypochlorous acid have been removed by the removing unit 16 is returned again to the storage tank 11 and can be used again as the mobile phase of the test apparatus 1.

[2.6] Other Marine organisms that can be observed with the test apparatus 1 of the present invention are mainly larvae of marine organisms such as mussels and barnacles, but are not limited thereto. As used herein, marine organisms refer to organisms that inhabit the sea, particularly those that adhere to underwater reefs and structures, such as algae, sponges, mosses, bivalves, sea squirts, and these Can target larvae. In the test in the test apparatus 1, the number of marine organisms that can be tested is not limited to one, and two or more marine organisms can be simultaneously enclosed in the observation cell 15 and tested.

  In the present embodiment, the red barnacle adhesion stage larvae were used for the test. Some marine organisms drift into the sea during larvae and attach to underwater structures. Among them, barnacles attach to structures during larvae and transform after attachment. For this reason, it is necessary to construct an environment in which larvae die before adhering to the structure or adhering to the structure after adhering, or an environment that inhibits adhering transformation. Therefore, it is necessary to test not the adult red barnacle but adult larvae as specimens.

  It is preferable that the number of red barnacle adhesion stage larvae enclosed in the observation cell is in the range of 20 to 60 individuals. For example, if it is less than 20 individuals, the number of individuals is small, so the test results vary depending on the flow of artificial seawater and the resistance of the red larvae adhering stage larvae to chlorine, and this requires the test to be performed multiple times. . If the number exceeds 60 individuals, the density of the individuals in the observation cell 15 may be too high, and the larvae may hardly adhere to the observation cell 15 due to the influence of the density.

  By setting the number of individuals in the above range, when using the test apparatus of the present invention and exposing the red barnacle adhesion stage larvae to chlorine, the number of red barnacle attachment stage larvae used in the test is As a result, it is possible to stably obtain a result of whether or not it adheres to the observation cell. As a result, the value of the number of individuals that did not stably adhere in one test can be obtained as compared with the case where individuals in other ranges are enclosed in the observation cell.

  As the flow meters 31, 32, 33, known ones can be used as long as the flow rate of the solution flowing in the pipes 17, 18 can be measured. The valves 35, 36, 37, and 38 used in the flow path may be any one that can change the flow rate of the solution, and any of a solenoid valve and a manual valve can be used. In order to use them, timers may be provided for these valves, and in particular, when solenoid valves are used, the valves may be controlled by computer control, for example. Further, the valves 41 to 51 need only be able to be switched at least for blocking or opening the flow of the solution flowing through the pipe 17, but may be valves capable of adjusting the flow rate.

  With the above configuration, the test apparatus 1 according to the present invention can obtain a highly reproducible test result while realizing a simulated environment in the natural world in a test relating to the attachment of marine organisms. For this reason, by forming a pseudo environment, it is possible to easily determine whether it is an environmental factor or a test effect in the verification of the effect in the test result.

  Moreover, it is not necessary to prepare a solution containing hydrochloric acid in advance by generating chlorine by electrolysis in the electrolysis unit 13. When a solution containing hydrochloric acid is used, the total amount of the solution flowing through the test apparatus 1 increases as time passes after the test is started. Therefore, some treatment is necessary. The total volume of the solution is almost unchanged and is not necessary. Furthermore, after chlorine is removed by the removing unit 16, the chlorine can be stored in the storage tank 11, and the solution can be circulated and reused, so that the cost can be reduced.

  In the present embodiment, the number of flow paths in which the observation cell 15 or the control cell 25 is installed is 1 in both the test system 2 and the control system 3, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the number of flow paths may be 2 or 3. Specifically, the number of flow paths is set to 3, and stop valves are provided on the upstream side and the downstream side of the observation cell 15 or the control cell 25 in the respective flow paths to be freely opened and closed. By adopting such a configuration, the number of observation cells 15 and control cells 25 used can be changed according to the purpose.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the test apparatus which concerns on an example of suitable embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the electrolysis part which concerns on an example of suitable embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the defoaming part which concerns on an example of suitable embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the observation cell and control cell which concern on an example of suitable embodiment of this invention. It is a side view at the time of arrange | positioning the light-shielding member to the observation cell which concerns on an example of suitable embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the case where the light shielding member is arrange | positioned to the observation cell which concerns on an example of suitable embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the light shielding member which concerns on an example of suitable embodiment of this invention. It is a figure at the time of arrange | positioning the light-shielding member to the observation cell main body which concerns on an example of suitable embodiment of this invention. It is a side view at the time of arrange | positioning the light shielding member to the observation cell main body which concerns on an example of suitable embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view explaining the case where the light shielding member is arrange | positioned to the observation cell main body which concerns on an example of suitable embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Test apparatus 2 Test system 3 Control system 11 Storage tank 12 Pump 13 Electrolysis part 14 Defoaming part 15 Observation cell 16 Removal part 17 Pipe 22 Pump 25 Control cell 131 Electrolyzer 132, 133 Electrode 141 Branch pipe 142 Bag-like elastic body 151 Observation cell body 152, 153 Lid cylinder 156 Mesh sheet 160 Light blocking member 161 Base member 162 Adhesive layer 170 Light blocking member 180 Light blocking member 190 Light blocking member 200 Light blocking member 210 Light blocking member

Claims (10)

A test device for testing or evaluating the state of attachment of marine organisms in the piping of a plant using seawater,
A storage tank for storing liquid;
A liquid feed pump for feeding the liquid from the storage tank;
A generator for generating chlorine in the liquid fed from the liquid feed pump;
A defoaming section for removing bubbles formed by the generating section;
An observation cell capable of passing the liquid from which the bubbles have been removed by the defoaming section and enclosing the marine organism;
In order to adjust the flow rate of the liquid flowing into the observation cell, a first avoidance line for flowing excess liquid with respect to the liquid flowing into the observation cell;
A light shielding member that blocks at least a part of the light entering the observation cell from the outside outside the observation cell;
A removal unit that removes chlorine contained in the liquid that has passed through the observation cell and chlorine contained in the liquid that passes through the first avoidance line among the chlorine ;
A control cell capable of passing the liquid fed from the storage tank and enclosing the marine organism;
A second avoidance line for flowing excess liquid in response to the inflow of liquid into the control cell to adjust the flow rate of liquid flowing into the control cell;
With
The said storage tank is a test apparatus which can store the liquid discharged | emitted from the said removal part in addition to the liquid which passed the said control cell and the said 2nd avoidance line . The observation cell has a cylindrical observation cell body having an inlet and an outlet for the liquid at both ends,
The test apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: two shielding portions that are disposed at the entrance and the exit, respectively, and restrict movement of the marine organisms from the observation cell body. The light shielding member has an adhesive surface having adhesiveness on one surface side thereof,
The adhesive surface is folded in layers with the adhesive surface inside while leaving a part of the adhesive surface,
The test apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the remaining adhesive surface is attached to the observation cell body.   The test apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the remaining adhesive surface has a ratio of a length in a longitudinal direction to a length in a width direction of the light-shielding member of the remaining adhesive surface is 1 or less. In the remaining adhesive surface, the ratio of the length in the longitudinal direction and the length in the width direction of the light-shielding member of the remaining adhesive surface is greater than 1,
The wound adhesive surface according to claim 3, wherein the remaining adhesive surface is wound around so as to be stuck to the observation cell body, and further wound so as to be stuck to the outside of the light shielding member around which the remaining adhesive surface is wound. Test equipment. The light shielding member includes an adhesive layer having adhesiveness,
A light-shielding layer having light-shielding properties without stickiness,
The test apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the adhesive layer is disposed on a part of one surface of the light shielding layer. The light shielding member has an adhesive surface having adhesiveness on one surface side thereof,
A part of the adhesive surface is attached to the observation cell body,
The test apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the adhesive surface is folded outward. The light shielding member has an adhesive surface having adhesiveness on one surface side thereof,
The test apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the adhesive surface is disposed toward the outside of the observation cell body and is wound around the observation cell body.   The test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding member has a plurality of slits. The test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding member is a light shielding tape.

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