JP5141171B2 - boiler - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to various boilers including a steam boiler, a hot water boiler, a waste heat boiler, and an exhaust gas boiler.

  As a multi-tube boiler, one disclosed in Patent Document 1 below is known. This type of boiler includes a can body configured by arranging a large number of water tubes in a concentric cylindrical shape between an upper header and a lower header formed in an annular shape. In such a can, the inner side of the inner water tube row is a combustion chamber, and the outer side is a combustion gas flow path.

  Therefore, when fuel is burned from the burner installed at the top of the can into the combustion chamber, the combustion gas is reversed at the bottom of the combustion chamber and passes between the inner water tube row and the outer water tube row as exhaust gas. It is discharged from the upper part of the can into the flue. During this time, the combustion gas exchanges heat with the water in each water pipe, and the water in each water pipe is heated.

In such a boiler, when it is desired to confirm the state of scale adhesion in the water pipe, the temperature of the water pipe is measured as disclosed in Patent Document 2 below.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-75805 (FIGS. 2 and 3) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-201406 (paragraph numbers [0003] and [0009], FIG. 1)

  However, the temperature sensor for monitoring the adhesion amount of the scale does not conventionally have an established mounting position. The invention disclosed in Patent Document 2 is also an attachment position for distinguishing between scale adhesion and wrinkle adhesion. Therefore, in consideration of the boiling condition of water in each water pipe, the heat load of each water pipe, and the relationship with the horizontal fins provided in each water pipe, a temperature sensor for monitoring the amount of adhesion of the scale is provided at an optimal position. It is not a thing.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a temperature sensor in consideration of the boiling state of water in each water pipe, the thermal load of each water pipe, or the relationship with the horizontal fins provided in each water pipe, The purpose is to accurately grasp the amount of scale attached to the inner surface.

The present invention, the problem which has been made to solve the invention of claim 1 is provided to one of a plurality of water tubes for connecting between the upper header and the lower header, As a A temperature sensor provided in a high heat load portion of the water pipe, wherein the water pipes are arranged in a concentric cylindrical shape to form an inner water pipe row and an outer water pipe row, and the inner side of the inner water pipe row is a combustion chamber. An exhaust gas introduction space, so that combustion gas or exhaust gas is led from the inside of the inner water tube row to the outside of the outer water tube row through the space between the inner water tube row and the outer water tube row, A gas flow path is defined, and the inner water tube row and / or the outer water tube row is provided with a horizontal fin only in the middle from the middle of the gas flow channel or from the middle of the gas flow channel to the side of the downstream portion. The fins are more water-filled than the horizontal fins in the upstream. The temperature sensor is provided in the water pipe at a position where the horizontal fin starts to be attached or at a position where the horizontal fin is extended. The boiler is characterized by being provided with.

According to invention of Claim 1, a temperature sensor is provided in the high heat load part of a water pipe. As a result of intensive studies, the inventor has found that water tends to concentrate at this location, and scale is likely to deposit and adhere. Therefore, by measuring the temperature at this location, the amount of scale attached to the inner surface of the water tube can be accurately grasped.

At the position where the horizontal fin starts to be attached and at the position where the extended length of the horizontal fin becomes long, the amount of heat received increases rapidly, so that water tends to concentrate and the scale is likely to deposit and adhere. Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the amount of scale attached to the inner surface of the water pipe can be accurately grasped by providing the temperature sensor at this location.

The invention according to claim 2 is the boiler according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature sensor is provided in a water pipe having a large amount of heat received among the outer water pipes constituting the outer water pipe row.

According to invention of Claim 2 , a temperature sensor is provided in the water pipe with much heat-receiving amount among outer side water pipes. By providing a temperature sensor in the high heat load portion of the high heat load water pipe and measuring the temperature at that portion, the amount of scale attached to the inner surface of the water pipe can be grasped more reliably and quickly. In addition, since the temperature sensor is provided in the outer water pipe, the installation and maintenance of the temperature sensor are easy.

  According to the boiler of the present invention, by providing a temperature sensor in consideration of the boiling state of water in each water pipe, the heat load of each water pipe, or the relationship with the horizontal fins provided in each water pipe, It is possible to accurately grasp the amount of scale attached.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The boiler of this invention does not ask | require the kind in particular, For example, it is a steam boiler, a hot water boiler, a waste heat boiler, or an exhaust gas boiler. In either case, the boiler is a multi-tube boiler, typically a multi-tube once-through boiler.

  A boiler is equipped with the can comprised by connecting between an upper header and a lower header with a some water pipe. The upper header and the lower header are arranged vertically and spaced apart in parallel, and typically have a hollow annular shape. Each water pipe is arranged vertically and connects between the upper and lower headers. That is, each water pipe has an upper end connected to the upper header, and a lower end connected to the lower header.

  Normally, each water pipe is arranged along the circumferential direction between the upper header and the lower header so as to form a cylindrical water pipe row. At this time, the water tube rows are two rows of an inner water tube row and an outer water tube row arranged in a concentric cylindrical shape. However, in some cases, in addition to the inner water tube row and the outer water tube row, other water tubes or water tube rows may be provided. A water pipe constituting the inner water pipe row is called an inner water pipe, and a water pipe constituting the outer water pipe row is called an outer water pipe. Examples of the can body including the inner water tube row and the outer water tube row include a forward flow can body and an ω (omega) flow can body described below.

  First, in the case of a forward flow can body, the inner water tubes arranged in a cylindrical shape are closed by inner vertical fins between the adjacent inner water tubes, leaving the lower end of the inner water tube row. Thereby, a clearance gap is formed between inner side water pipes by not providing an inner side vertical fin in the lower end part of an inner side water pipe row | line | column. This gap is called the inner row communication portion. On the other hand, in the outer water tubes arranged in a cylindrical shape, the gap between adjacent outer water tubes is closed by outer vertical fins, leaving the upper end of the outer water tube row. Thereby, a clearance gap is formed between outer side water pipes by not providing an outer side vertical fin in the upper end part of an outer side water pipe row | line | column. This gap is called the outer row communication part.

  In order to increase the heat transfer area, the forward flow can body having such a configuration extends laterally by extending outward from each water pipe to the outer peripheral surface of the inner water tube row and / or the inner peripheral surface of the outer water tube row. Fins can be provided. For example, in the vertical direction setting region of each inner water tube, a plurality of inner lateral fins can be provided on the surface constituting the outer peripheral surface of the inner water tube row so as to be separated vertically. Further, in the vertical direction setting region of each outer water pipe, a plurality of outer lateral fins can be provided on the surface constituting the inner peripheral surface of the outer water pipe row so as to be separated vertically.

  On the other hand, in the case of the ω flow can body, the inner water tubes arranged in a cylindrical shape leave a part in the circumferential direction of the inner water tube row, and the gap between the adjacent inner water tubes is closed by the inner vertical fins. Thereby, a clearance gap is formed between inner side water pipes by not providing an inner side vertical fin in the circumferential direction part of an inner side water pipe row | line | column. This gap is called the inner row communication portion. When arranging the inner water pipes by arranging the inner water pipes at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, the inner row communication part is formed by omitting the installation of one or a plurality of inner water pipes in a part of the inner water pipe row in the circumferential direction. May be. On the other hand, the outer water tubes arranged in a cylindrical shape leave the other portion in the circumferential direction of the outer water tube row (a portion substantially opposite to the part in the circumferential direction), and the gap between the adjacent outer water tubes is closed by the outer vertical fins. The Thereby, a clearance gap is formed between outer side water pipes by not providing an outer side vertical fin in the other circumferential direction part of an outer side water pipe row | line | column. This gap is called the outer row communication part. When the outer water pipe row is configured by arranging the outer water pipes at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, the outer row communication portion is formed by omitting the installation of one or a plurality of outer water pipes in the other circumferential portion of the outer water pipe row. May be.

  In order to increase the heat transfer area, the ω flow can body configured as described above extends outwardly from each water pipe to the outer peripheral surface of the inner water tube row and / or the inner peripheral surface of the outer water tube row. Horizontal fins can be provided. For example, the outer circumferential surface of the inner water tube row is configured in a setting region from the middle portion in the circumferential direction of the inner water tube row (the middle portion from the circumferential portion to the other portion in the circumferential direction) to the other portion in the circumferential direction. A plurality of inner lateral fins can be provided on the inner surface of the inner water pipe in the vertical direction. In addition, in the setting region from the circumferential middle part of the outer water pipe row to the other circumferential part, a plurality of outer lateral fins are provided on each outer water pipe with a vertical separation on the surface constituting the inner circumferential surface of the outer water pipe row. be able to.

  In any case, a burner is provided at the upper end portion and the lower end portion is closed with a refractory material. As a result, the inside of the inner water tube row is a combustion chamber, and fuel can be burned from the burner into the combustion chamber. However, when a waste heat boiler or an exhaust gas boiler is used, the can body is closed on one side in the vertical direction, and the exhaust gas is introduced from the other opening in the vertical direction. That is, in this case, the inside of the inner water tube row is an exhaust gas introduction space.

  In such a configuration, in the case of a forward flow can body, the combustion gas or exhaust gas is introduced into the gap between the inner water tube row and the outer water tube row through the inner row communication portion at the lower end of the inner water tube row. The outer water pipe row is radially derived from the outer row communication portion at the upper end portion. On the other hand, in the case of the ω flow can body, the combustion gas or exhaust gas is introduced into the gap between the inner water tube row and the outer water tube row through the inner row communication portion of the inner water tube row in the circumferential direction, and the outer water tube Derived from the other circumferential portion of the row.

  In any case, a cylindrical can cover is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the outer water tube row, and the exhaust gas is led to the flue through the can cover. The can body cover may be of any construction as long as it accepts the exhaust gas from the outer row communication section of the outer water tube row and guides it to the flue, but typically, the upper body header surrounds the outer water tube row. It is a cylindrical member provided between the lower header. At this time, the can body cover is sealed at the upper end portion with the gap between the upper header and the lower end portion at the lower end portion. A flue is connected to the upper part of the peripheral side wall of the can cover. At this time, a part of the can cover may be bulged outward in the radial direction, and the exhaust gas may be guided to the flue through the bulged portion.

  A temperature sensor is attached to the can body in order to monitor the state of adhesion of the scale (deposited hardness in water) to the inner surface of the water pipe. By monitoring the temperature of the water pipe using this temperature sensor, it is possible to grasp the state of scale adhesion. The temperature sensor may be a thermistor or the like, but a thermocouple is preferably used.

  As a result of diligent research, the inventor has found that water near the water tube wall tends to concentrate in the water boiling start part of the water pipe or the high heat load part of the water pipe, and the scale is likely to precipitate and adhere to the water pipe. It was. Therefore, providing temperature sensors at these locations and monitoring the scale adhesion status based on the temperature at those locations is effective for quickly grasping the scale adhesion status. At this time, when the heat load is different for each water pipe, it is preferable to provide the water pipe with a large amount of heat. More preferably, in the maximum heat load water pipe with the largest amount of heat received, the boiling start part of the water in the water pipe or the maximum heat load part of the water pipe (beginning of an enlarged heat transfer surface such as a horizontal fin or from the water pipe It is preferable to provide it at a position where the amount of heat received increases rapidly at a position where the extension length of the horizontal fins becomes long.

  In the case of a forward flow can body, when a horizontal fin is provided in a setting area upward from the middle in the vertical direction of the inner water pipe and / or outer water pipe, or when the extension length of the horizontal fin is increased in the setting area, a horizontal fin is provided. The obtained water pipe has a different heat load in the axial direction. In this case, the water pipe provided with the horizontal fin is provided with a temperature sensor at a position corresponding to the boiling start part of the water in the water pipe or the lower end part of the setting region.

  In the ω flow can body, when the horizontal fin is provided in the setting region from the circumferential middle part of the inner water pipe and / or the outer water pipe to the other circumferential part, the heat load differs between the water pipes depending on the presence or absence of the horizontal fin. Become. In this case, the water pipe that starts to be laterally finned is the maximum heat load water pipe at a position corresponding to a part of the setting region in the circumferential direction, and therefore a temperature sensor is provided in the maximum heat load water pipe. At this time, the temperature sensor is preferably provided at a water boiling start portion in a water pipe in which the temperature sensor is provided.

  In any case, if a temperature sensor is provided in the outer water pipe among the inner water pipe and the outer water pipe, installation and maintenance of the temperature sensor are facilitated. In that case, you may provide a temperature sensor not in the outer side water pipe itself but in an outer vertical fin and an outer horizontal fin depending on the case. Also in this case, the temperature sensor provided in the outer vertical fin or the outer horizontal fin indirectly detects the temperature of the outer water pipe.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of the boiler of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II. The boiler 1 of this embodiment is a multi-tube once-through boiler provided with a cylindrical can body 2. The can body 2 of the present embodiment is configured as a so-called forward flow can body. Specifically, the can body 2 is configured by connecting the upper header 3 and the lower header 4 with a plurality of water tubes 5, 5,..., 6, 6,. The

  The upper header 3 and the lower header 4 are vertically spaced apart from each other in parallel, and each has a hollow annular shape. Further, the upper header 3 and the lower header 4 are respectively arranged horizontally and on the same axis.

  Each of the water pipes 5 and 6 is arranged vertically and has an upper end connected to the upper header 3 and a lower end connected to the lower header 4. The water pipes 5 and 6 are sequentially arranged in the circumferential direction of the upper header 3 and the lower header 4 to constitute a cylindrical water pipe row. In this embodiment, the inner water tube row 7 and the outer water tube row 8 are arranged in a concentric cylindrical shape. The inner water tube row 7 is composed of inner water tubes 5, 5,... Arranged in a cylindrical shape. On the other hand, the outer water tube row 8 is configured by outer water tubes 6, 6,... Arranged in a cylindrical shape so as to surround the inner water tube row 7.

  Inner vertical fins 9 are provided in the inner water tube row 7 so as to close the gap between the adjacent inner water tubes 5 and 5, leaving a setting region at the lower end. That is, the gap between the inner water pipes 5 and 5 is closed by the inner vertical fin 9 leaving the setting region at the lower end. The inner water tube row 7 is provided with a gap between the adjacent inner water tubes 5 and 5 at the lower end where the inner vertical fin 9 is not provided. The inner side and the outer side of the inner water pipe row 7 are communicated with each other through the inner row communication portion 10 constituted by the gap.

  The outer vertical fin 11 is provided in the outer water pipe row 8 so as to close a gap between the adjacent outer water pipes 6 and 6 while leaving a setting region at the upper end. That is, the gap between the outer water pipes 6 and 6 is closed by the outer vertical fin 11 while leaving the set area at the upper end. The outer water pipe row 8 has a gap between the adjacent outer water pipes 6 and 6 at the upper end where the outer vertical fin 11 is not provided. The inner side and the outer side of the outer water pipe row 8 are communicated with each other through the outer row communication portion 12 constituted by the gap.

  By the way, in the example of illustration, the lower end part of each inner side water pipe 5 is formed in the small diameter part 13 rather than the upper part. This is to ensure the desired flow rate of the combustion gas passing through the inner row communication portion 10. Therefore, when the flow rate of the combustion gas passing through the inner row communication portion 10 can be ensured as desired, the small diameter portion 13 may not be provided. Since the size of the inner row communication portion 10 depends on the gap between the adjacent inner water pipes 5 and 5 and the height position of the lower end portion of the inner vertical fin 9, these dimensions are used instead of providing the small diameter portion 13. May be adjusted. On the other hand, in the illustrated example, a small diameter portion is not formed at the upper end portion of each outer water pipe 6, but a small diameter portion may be formed similarly to each inner water pipe 5.

  FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the III-III cross section in FIG. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the IV-IV cross section in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, each inner water pipe 5 may further be provided with an enlarged heat transfer surface protruding from the outer peripheral surface, if desired. In the illustrated example, each of the inner water pipes 5 is provided with inner lateral fins 14 and 15 on the surface constituting the outer peripheral surface of the inner water pipe row 7. At this time, each inner water pipe 5 is provided with an upper inner horizontal fin 14 in the upper region and a lower inner horizontal fin 15 in the lower region.

  Specifically, in the upper half region of each inner water tube 5, a plurality of upper inner lateral pipes are extended to the surface constituting the outer peripheral surface of the inner water tube row 7 in the shape of a flange outward in the radial direction of the inner water tube 5. A fin 14 is provided. In the illustrated example, a number of upper inner horizontal fins 14 are provided at equal intervals in the vertical direction. Each upper inner horizontal fin 14 is formed with a notch 16 at the tip portion for relaxing thermal stress as shown in FIG. 3 if desired. On the other hand, in a region excluding the small diameter portion 13 in the lower half of each inner water pipe 5, a surface constituting the outer peripheral surface of the inner water pipe row 7 is extended in a flange shape outward in the radial direction of the inner water pipe 5, A lower inner horizontal fin 15 is provided. In the illustrated example, a number of lower inner horizontal fins 15 are provided at equal intervals in the vertical direction. Similarly to each upper inner horizontal fin 14, each lower inner horizontal fin 15 may be provided with a notch (not shown) for relaxing thermal stress at the tip portion as desired. The upper inner horizontal fin 14 and the lower inner horizontal fin 15 are not particularly limited in length extending from the outer peripheral surface of the inner water tube 5. However, the lower inner horizontal fin 15 is preferably formed to have a shorter extension length from the outer peripheral surface of the inner water tube 5 than the upper inner horizontal fin 14 in order to prevent overheating. Typically, the lower inner horizontal fin 15 is formed to be more than half the length of the upper inner horizontal fin 14, but shorter than the upper inner horizontal fin 14.

  Similarly, each outer water pipe 6 may further be provided with an enlarged heat transfer surface protruding from its outer peripheral surface, if desired. In the illustrated example, each outer water pipe 6 is provided with outer lateral fins 17 and 18 on the surface constituting the inner peripheral surface of the outer water pipe row 8. At this time, each outer water pipe 6 is provided with an upper outer horizontal fin 17 in the upper region and a lower outer horizontal fin 18 in the lower region.

  Specifically, in the upper half area of each outer water pipe 6, a plurality of upper outer sides are extended to the surface constituting the inner peripheral surface of the outer water pipe row 8 in the shape of a flange outward in the radial direction of the outer water pipe 6. A horizontal fin 17 is provided. In the illustrated example, a number of upper outer horizontal fins 17 are provided at equal intervals in the vertical direction. In each upper outer lateral fin 17, a notch 19 for relaxing thermal stress is formed at the tip as shown in FIG. 3 if desired. On the other hand, in the lower half area of each outer water pipe 6, a plurality of lower outer lateral fins 18 are extended to the surface constituting the inner peripheral surface of the outer water pipe row 8 in the shape of a flange outward in the radial direction of the outer water pipe 6. Is provided. In the illustrated example, a number of lower outer horizontal fins 18 are provided at equal intervals in the vertical direction. Similarly to each upper outer horizontal fin 17, each lower outer horizontal fin 18 may be formed with a notch (not shown) for relaxing thermal stress at the tip portion as desired. The upper outer horizontal fin 17 and the lower outer horizontal fin 18 do not particularly have a length of extension from the outer peripheral surface of the outer water pipe 6. However, the lower outer horizontal fin 18 is preferably formed to have a shorter extension length from the outer peripheral surface of the outer water tube 6 than the upper outer horizontal fin 17 in order to prevent overheating. Typically, the lower outer fin 18 is formed to be more than half the length of the upper outer fin 17 but shorter than the upper outer fin 17.

  By the way, the inner side water pipe 5 and the outer side water pipe 6 are alternately arranged as going to the circumferential direction of the can body 2. The inner lateral fins 14 and 15 and the outer lateral fins 17 and 18 are adjusted in size, shape, and arrangement so as not to overlap in the plan view of the can body 2. Further, in addition to the upper inner horizontal fin 14 and the upper outer horizontal fin 17, the lower inner horizontal fin 15 and the lower outer horizontal fin 18 may both be installed in a horizontal state. It is preferable to provide an inclination upward as it goes to. In this embodiment, the inner lateral fins 14 and 15 and the outer lateral fins 17 and 18 are provided so as to be inclined by the same set angle with respect to the axial direction (vertical direction) of the water tubes 5 and 6. This inclination angle is set to 80 degrees, for example. In this way, when the horizontal fins 14, 15, 17, 18 are inclined from the horizontal state, the combustion gas flowing upward through the combustion gas flow path 27 between the inner water tube row 7 and the outer water tube row 8 is reduced. The heat transfer from the combustion gas to each of the water pipes 5 and 6 can be enhanced by stirring. However, the presence / absence of the horizontal fins 14, 15, 17, and 18, the installation area and the installation position, the number of installations, the shape and size, and the like can be changed as appropriate.

  A cylindrical can cover 20 is further provided between the upper header 3 and the lower header 4 so as to surround the outer water tube row 8. The can body cover 20 is sealed at the upper end with a gap between the upper header 3 and with the lower end at a lower end. A flue 21 is connected to an upper portion of the peripheral side wall of the can body cover 20 at a desired location in the circumferential direction. In the illustrated example, the upper end portion of the can body cover 20 is formed in the large diameter portion 22, and the flue 21 is connected to the peripheral side wall of the large diameter portion 22.

  A refractory material 23 is provided on the lower surface of the upper header 3 and the upper surface of the lower header 4 so as to cover the connecting portions between the headers 3 and 4 and the water tubes 5 and 6. Under the present circumstances, the refractory material 23 by the side of the lower header 4 is provided so that the center part of the lower header 4 may also be obstruct | occluded. A columnar or truncated conical recess 24 is formed at the center of the refractory material 23 on the lower header 4 side.

  A burner 25 is provided at the center of the upper header 3 downward. The burner 25 is supplied with fuel and combustion air. By operating the burner 25, fuel is burned in the can 2. At this time, the inside of the inner water tube row 7 functions as the combustion chamber 26.

  Combustion gas resulting from the combustion of fuel in the combustion chamber 26 is led to the combustion gas flow path 27 between the inner water tube row 7 and the outer water tube row 8 via the inner row communication portion 10. Then, the combustion gas is led out radially from the upper portion of the outer water tube row 8 via the outer row communication portion 12 and is received by the can body cover 20. Thereafter, the exhaust gas is discharged to the outside through the flue 21 connected to the can body cover 20. During this time, the combustion gas exchanges heat with the water in each of the water pipes 5 and 6, and the water in each of the water pipes 5 and 6 is heated. Thereby, steam can be taken out from the upper header 3, and the steam is sent to a steam use facility (not shown) via a steam separator (not shown).

  The cylindrical clearance between the outer water tube row 8 and the can cover 20 is filled with a heat insulating material 28 in a lower setting region. The type of the heat insulating material 28 is not particularly limited, and is, for example, ceramic fiber or rock wool. In the case of the illustrated example, a heat insulating material 28 is filled between the outer water pipe row 8 in the region below the outer row communication portion 12 and the can cover 20 in the region below the large diameter portion 22.

  Any one of the water pipes 5 and 6 of the boiler 1 is provided with a temperature sensor 29 using a thermocouple or the like. The temperature sensor 29 is provided to monitor the state of scale adhesion to the inner surfaces of the water pipes 5 and 6 by detecting the temperature of the place where the temperature sensor 29 is provided. In the present embodiment, the temperature sensor 29 is provided at one of the outer water pipes 6 and is provided at the lower end of the region where the upper outer lateral fin 17 is provided. That is, the temperature sensor 29 is provided in the lower part of the upper outer horizontal fin 17 arranged at the lowermost side among the plurality of upper outer horizontal fins 17 provided vertically. This location is also a gap between the lower end portion of the region where the upper outer horizontal fin 17 is provided and the upper end portion of the region where the lower outer horizontal fin 18 is provided.

  The temperature sensor 29 may be provided in any outer water pipe 6, but in the illustrated example, the temperature sensor 29 is provided in the outer water pipe 6 at a position substantially opposed to the flue 21. The method of attaching the temperature sensor 29 to the outer water pipe 6 is not particularly limited. As shown in FIG. 3, the attachment seat 30 is fixed along the circumferential direction of the outer water pipe 6 by welding or the like. It is easy to insert the temperature sensor 29 into the seat 30. In this case, the mounting seat 30 extends from the outside of the outer water tube row 8 to the inner side of the outer water tube row 8 through the outer vertical fin 11. At this time, it is preferable that the tip of the mounting seat 30 extends to a position corresponding to the central portion in the width direction of the upper outer lateral fin 17 and is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the outer water pipe 6.

  A mounting hole (not shown) is formed in the mounting seat 30 along the extending direction. This mounting hole opens at the base end of the mounting seat 30 but does not reach the tip of the mounting seat 30. Therefore, the temperature sensor 29 can be installed inside the outer water tube row 8 simply by inserting the temperature sensor 29 from the outside of the outer water tube row 8 to the back of the mounting hole. By the way, the mounting hole may be formed in a groove shape that opens to the inner peripheral surface of the mounting seat 30 that is curved in an arc shape. In this case, a bottomed hole is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the outer water pipe 6 by installing the mounting seat 30 in the outer water pipe 6.

  The temperature sensor 29 is provided in the outer water pipe 6 to detect the temperature of the outer water pipe 6, but is sometimes provided in the outer vertical fin 11 or the upper outer horizontal fin 17, and indirectly from the temperature of the outer water pipe 6. The temperature may be detected. Further, here, the temperature sensor 29 is provided in the lower part of the lower upper outer horizontal fin 17, which means that it is provided in the high heat load portion of the outer water pipe 6. However, instead of or in addition to this, the temperature sensor 29 may be provided at a location corresponding to the boiling start portion of the water in the outer water pipe 6.

  Specifically, the water boiling start part in the outer water pipe 6 is a sufficient distance L between the lower surface of the refractory material 23 on the upper header 3 side and the upper surface of the refractory material 23 on the lower header 4 side. Only one length is a position spaced upward from the upper surface of the refractory material 23 on the lower header 4 side.

  During operation of the boiler 1, the scale adhesion state is monitored by the temperature sensor 29 based on the outer water pipe 6. If the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 29 exceeds the set temperature, it is sufficient to output that effect on the assumption that a predetermined scale or more has adhered. For that purpose, it is preferable to drain the water in the can 2 and to remove the scale with chemicals or the like.

  According to the configuration of the present embodiment, the temperature sensor 29 is provided in the high heat load portion of the water pipes 5 and 6 and / or the water boiling start portion in the water pipes 5 and 6. By monitoring the temperature at these points where water in the water pipes 5 and 6 is easy to concentrate and scale is likely to deposit and adhere, it is possible to quickly and accurately grasp the state of scale adhesion in the water pipes 5 and 6 it can. Normally, soft water is used for the boiler 1 to prevent the scale from adhering. However, according to the configuration of this embodiment, it is possible to quickly cope with a hardness leak caused by a defective water softener.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of Embodiment 2 of the boiler of the present invention. The boiler of the second embodiment is basically the same configuration as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, in the following description, differences between the two will be mainly described, and description of common points will be omitted. Corresponding portions will be described with the same reference numerals.

  In the boiler 1 of the first embodiment, the combustion gas from the burner 25 flows between the inner water tube row 7 and the outer water tube row 8 via the inner row communication portion 10 at the lower end of the inner water tube row 7. The forward flow can body introduced into the passage 27 and led out radially from the outer row communication portion 12 at the upper end of the outer water tube row 8, but in the boiler 1 of the second embodiment, the combustion gas from the burner 25 is It is introduced into the combustion gas flow path 27 between the inner water tube row 7 and the outer water tube row 8 via the inner row communication portion 10 provided in a part of the inner water tube row 7 in the circumferential direction (the right side in FIG. 5). The ω flow can body is led out to the outside of the outer water tube row 8 via the outer row communication portion 12 provided in the other circumferential portion of the water tube row 8 (left side in FIG. 5). The reason for calling it the ω flow can is because the flow of the combustion gas is in a lateral ω shape as described above.

  In the first embodiment, the gap between the adjacent inner water pipes 5 and 5 is closed by the inner vertical fin 9 while leaving the setting region at the lower end, but in the second embodiment, the adjacent inner water pipes 5 and 5 are closed. The gap between 5 is closed by the inner vertical fin 9 over the entire vertical direction except for the right end in FIG. In the right end portion in FIG. 5, the inner vertical fin 9 is not provided in the gap between the adjacent inner water pipes 5, 5, and a gap is formed in the entire vertical direction to form the inner row communication portion 10. When the inner row communication portion 10 is formed, the installation of one or a plurality of inner water tubes 5 is omitted at the right end portion in FIG. 5 among the inner water tubes 5, 5,. Also good.

  In the first embodiment, the gap between the adjacent outer water pipes 6 and 6 is closed by the outer vertical fin 11 while leaving the setting region at the upper end, but in this second embodiment, the adjacent outer water pipes 6 and 6 are closed. The gap between 6 is closed by the outer vertical fin 11 over the entire vertical direction except for the left end in FIG. In the left end portion in FIG. 5, the outer vertical fin 11 is not provided in the gap between the adjacent outer water pipes 6, 6, and a gap is formed in the entire vertical direction to form the outer row communication portion 12. When forming the outer row communication portion 12, one or a plurality of outer water tubes 6 are omitted at the left end in FIG. 5 among the outer water tubes 6, 6,... Arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Also good.

  In the case of the second embodiment, the combustion gas led out from the combustion chamber 26 via the inner row communication portion 10 branches to both sides in the circumferential direction, and the combustion gas flow paths 27 and 27 before and after the can body 2. Is led out from the outer row communication portion 12 to the outside. Each combustion gas channel 27 is provided with an inner lateral fin 14 and / or an outer lateral fin 17 in a setting region downstream from the midway portion thereof. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the inner horizontal fin is located in the region from the middle to the downstream of the combustion gas flow path 27 from the inner row communication portion 10 at the right end portion to the outer row communication portion 12 at the left end portion. 14 and outer lateral fins 17 are provided.

  At this time, the inner horizontal fin 14 extends in the shape of a flange outwardly in the radial direction of the inner water tube 5 on the entire surface in the vertical direction of the inner water tube 5 on which the inner horizontal fin 14 is provided and constituting the outer peripheral surface of the inner water tube row 7. A plurality of them are provided at equal intervals in the vertical direction. Further, the outer lateral fin 17 extends in the shape of a flange outwardly in the radial direction of the outer water pipe 6 on the entire surface in the vertical direction of the outer water pipe 6 on which the outer fin 17 is provided and constituting the inner peripheral surface of the outer water pipe row 8. A plurality of them are provided at equal intervals in the vertical direction.

  Also in the second embodiment, the inner water pipe 5 and the outer water pipe 6 are alternately arranged as going in the circumferential direction of the can body 2. The size, shape, and arrangement of the inner lateral fin 14 and the outer lateral fin 17 are adjusted so as not to overlap in the plan view of the can body 2. In the second embodiment, the inner lateral fin 14 and the outer lateral fin 17 are installed horizontally, but may be inclined as in the first embodiment.

  Also in the second embodiment, the outer side of the outer water tube row 8 is covered with the can body cover 20, and the installation of the flue 21 in the can body cover 20 is performed on the left side where the outer row communication portion 12 is provided. Is called. At this time, the flue 21 may be connected to the can body cover 20 at any position in the vertical direction of the can body 2. Similarly to the first embodiment, a part of the can body cover 20 has a large diameter part, or a part of the left side wall provided with the outer row communication part 12 bulges outward along the vertical direction. And you may connect the flue 21 to the bulging part.

  In the case of the present Example 2, since the horizontal fins 14 and 17 are provided in the inner side water pipe 5 and the outer side water pipe 6 in the setting area | region from the middle part of the combustion gas flow path 27 to the outer row communication part 12, the horizontal fin 14 , 17 or the like, the heat load differs between the water tubes. In this case, the water pipes 5 and 6 at which the horizontal fins 14 and 17 start to be attached are the maximum heat load water pipes at the upstream end of the set region, so that the maximum heat load water pipe (the outer water pipe 6 in the illustrated example) is connected to the maximum heat load water pipe. A temperature sensor 29 is provided. At this time, the temperature sensor 29 is preferably provided at a water boiling start portion in the water pipe 6 in which the temperature sensor 29 is provided. Thereby, it is possible to quickly and accurately monitor the state of scale adhesion in the water pipe 6.

  The boiler 1 of the present invention is not limited to the configuration of each of the above embodiments, and can be changed as appropriate. In particular, as long as the temperature sensor 29 is provided in the water boiling start part of the water pipe (preferably the maximum heat load water pipe) having a large amount of heat and / or the high heat load part (preferably the maximum heat load part) of the water pipe. The can structure such as the number and arrangement of the water pipes 5 and 6 can be appropriately changed.

  For example, in the forward flow can body of the first embodiment, the inner water pipe 5 and / or the outer water pipe 6 may be bulge pipes in which concave portions (small diameter portions) and convex portions (large diameter portions) are alternately formed up and down. In such a case, the temperature sensor 29 may be provided at the lower end (starting position of the unevenness) of the region where the concave and convex portions are formed.

  Further, in the ω flow can body of the second embodiment, the outer water pipe 6 on the outer row communication part 12 side may be configured such that fins are provided on the entire circumference, such as an erotic fin tube. In that case, the outer water pipe 6 with the entire circumference fin is disposed on the radially inner side of the can body 2 with respect to the other outer water pipe 6. In the ω flow can body, several water pipes may be installed in the combustion chamber 26. Further, depending on circumstances, the can body 2 is not limited to the forward flow can body as in the first embodiment or the ω flow can body as in the second embodiment, but may have another structure. And it cannot be overemphasized that the attachment water pipe and its attachment position of the temperature sensor 29 for a scale adhesion condition confirmation may change with the change of a can body structure.

  In each of the above embodiments, the temperature sensor 29 is provided in the outer water pipe 6 in consideration of the installation and maintenance of the temperature sensor 29. Instead of or in addition to this, the temperature sensor 29 is provided in the inner water pipe 5. Also good. Moreover, in each said Example, if waste gas is introduce | transduced inside the inner side water pipe line 7 instead of providing the burner 25, it can be set as a waste-heat boiler or a waste gas boiler.

  Further, in the first embodiment, the lower inner horizontal fin 15 and the lower outer horizontal fin 18 may be pin-shaped studs that protrude radially outward from the inner water tube 5 or the outer water tube 6. In that case, a plurality of studs are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the inner water pipe 5 or the outer water pipe 6, and a plurality of studs are also provided at equal intervals in the vertical direction. Further, in the first embodiment, the lower region of the inner water pipe 5 and / or the outer water pipe 6 may be configured such that no horizontal fins (lower inner horizontal fins 15, lower outer horizontal fins 18) or studs are provided. . Further, in the first embodiment, the area is divided at the central part in the vertical direction of each of the water pipes 5 and 6, and the installation area of the horizontal fins 14, 15, 17, and 18 is determined, but this boundary is at the central part in the vertical direction. It can change suitably without being restricted.

It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows Example 1 of the boiler of this invention. It is II-II sectional drawing of FIG. It is the elements on larger scale of the III-III cross section in FIG. It is the elements on larger scale of the IV-IV cross section in FIG. It is a schematic cross-sectional view which shows Example 2 of the boiler of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Boiler 2 Can body 3 Upper header 4 Lower header 5 Inner water tube 6 Outer water tube 7 Inner water tube row 8 Outer water tube row 9 Inner vertical fin 11 Outer vertical fin 14 Inner horizontal fin (Upper inner horizontal fin)
15 Inner side fin (lower inner side fin)
17 Outer lateral fin (Upper lateral fin)
18 Outer lateral fin (lower lateral lateral fin)
26 Combustion chamber 27 Combustion gas flow path 29 Temperature sensor

Claims (2)

Provided to one of a plurality of water tubes that connects the upper header and the lower header, provided with a temperature sensor provided in high heat load portion of the water tube of that,
The water pipes are arranged concentrically in a cylindrical shape to form an inner water pipe row and an outer water pipe row,
The inside of the inner water tube row is a combustion chamber or an exhaust gas introduction space,
A gas flow path is defined so that combustion gas or exhaust gas is led out from the inside of the inner water tube row to the outside of the outer water tube row through the space between the inner water tube row and the outer water tube row,
The inner water tube row and / or the outer water tube row is provided with a horizontal fin only in the middle to the downstream of the gas flow path, or a horizontal fin in the middle to the downstream of the gas flow path. It is provided so that the extension length from the water pipe is longer than the horizontal fin of
The boiler is characterized in that the temperature sensor is provided in the water pipe at a position where the horizontal fin starts to be attached or at a position where the extended length of the horizontal fin becomes longer in the gas flow path. The boiler according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature sensor is provided in a water pipe having a large amount of heat received among the outer water pipes constituting the outer water pipe row.

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