JP5123132B2 - Wind power display system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a batteryless wind power generation display system in which an information display is directly connected to a lift type wind power generator.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a strong wind caution display system for notifying that the wind speed has become excessive is known as a system for displaying information according to the wind speed.

  As this display system, there is a solar cell type strong wind warning display system. In this system, the electric light display equipment is made into an independent power source, and no installation work of commercial power source is required at the time of introduction. Therefore, the system can be installed regardless of the existing power distribution equipment situation. Moreover, the display can be continued without being affected by trouble on the power system side. However, the solar cell type strong wind warning display system requires an anemometer for wind speed determination. In addition, since the power generation by the solar cell and the strong wind do not coincide with each other, it is necessary to charge the generated power to the battery once. Therefore, there are many incidental facilities including a battery, and even if it becomes independent power supply, a cost merit is not obtained as a result.

  On the other hand, a wind power generation type strong wind warning display system using wind power generation is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, and Patent Document 4).

  The feature of Patent Document 1 (a sign using wind power) is basically that the indicator is directly connected to the windmill (battery-less), and a gust of wind is generated via a capacitor, a small-capacity battery, and an automatic voltage regulator (AVR). Display flicker due to output fluctuations such as time can be prevented. Further, by controlling the pitch of the wind turbine blades or providing a centrifugal clutch or the like on the rotating shaft, power generation can be started when the wind speed reaches a certain set value, that is, an anemometer is unnecessary. However, in the system of Patent Document 1, there is no means for braking the windmill during a strong wind, and there is a risk of runaway.

  In general, there is a mechanical passive system as a safety control of a windmill, but the frequency of failure of the movable part increases in a place where the turbulence of the wind is high several meters above the ground. In addition, since the power consumption of the display itself is about 30 W at the maximum, in the case of the load direct connection method, the load is too small with respect to the energy generated by the windmill in strong winds. May runaway. This is because the wind energy is proportional to the cube of the wind speed. In addition, although there is a windmill that can suppress windmill rotation by electric control, a general windmill is not battery-less because it is a system in which control power is supplied from an external power source such as a battery. In the case of the load direct connection method, the wind speed cannot be accurately determined because the relationship between the wind turbine speed and the wind speed changes depending on the load condition.

  The feature of Patent Document 2 (wind warning device) is that the wind energy can be used effectively because of the independent power type strong wind warning display using wind power generation. In order to detect the wind speed, an anemometer becomes unnecessary. Moreover, the lighting condition (power consumption) of the display device can be changed according to the generated power by the above wind speed detection. However, in the case of the system of Patent Document 2, a battery for charging is indispensable, the cost merit is low, and a maintenance burden is imposed. Further, since the relationship between the generated voltage / wind turbine speed and the wind speed changes depending on the state of charge of the battery, the wind speed cannot be determined accurately.

  The feature of Patent Document 3 (flow rate display device) is a system in which a display is turned on at a wind speed higher than a certain wind speed. Basically, the display is directly connected to a wind turbine (battery-less). Moreover, an anemometer that can set the display start wind speed by setting the operating voltage of the load is unnecessary. However, Patent Document 3 is conceptual content and does not describe any control of the windmill. Further, in the case of the direct load connection method, the relationship between the generated voltage and the wind speed changes depending on the load condition, so that the wind speed cannot be accurately determined.

  Patent Document 4 describes that when the wind turbine rotation speed becomes equal to or higher than the reference rotation speed due to strong winds or the like, the input voltage is controlled to be reduced, and power generation can be continued while suppressing an increase in the wind turbine rotation speed. Yes. However, the point of control is control using the set limit rotational speed as a threshold value, which requires complicated calculation, and the content of control is complicated.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-6112 JP-A-8-262050 JP-A-8-29443 JP 2002-136192 A

  This invention is based on the above-mentioned conventional technology, and takes advantage of the features of wind power generators, such as “power generation when there is wind” and “wind speed can be detected by measuring power generation output”. A wind-powered display system that turns on the “strong wind warning” lightning display only with a wind power generator without using an external power source, eliminates ancillary equipment such as anemometers and batteries, and reduces maintenance and costs. It is for the purpose of provision.

  To achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a lift type wind power generator provided with a display for displaying information when the wind speed is above a certain level, and the display is the lift type wind power generator. And a battery-less wind power generation display system in which power is supplied to the display only from the lift type wind power generator, and necessary power necessary for operating the display is stored in advance. And when the said required electric power is covered by the stall operation of the said lift type wind power generator, the said wind power type wind power generator is stalled by load control, The wind power type display system characterized by the above-mentioned is provided.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the wind power generation display system according to the first aspect, the generator is connected to a fixed resistance member until the timing of display on the display.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the wind power generation display system according to the first or second aspect, the stall operation is performed using a batteryless CPU that is supplied with power only from the lift type wind power generator. It is a feature.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the necessary power required for operating the display is stored in advance, and when the stalled operation at the display start wind speed cannot provide the required power, the generated power is supplied to the display as it is. For example, electronic control is performed so that the stall operation can be performed when the stall operation can be provided. By controlling the stall operation of the wind turbine by such a variable load, it is possible to supply the generated power to the display device safely and stably while suppressing an abnormal increase in the rotational speed of the wind turbine during a strong wind.

  According to the invention of claim 2, the fixed resistance member is connected to the generator until the timing when the display starts display. Until it is displayed on the display, the power generated by the windmill becomes surplus power, which can be consumed by the fixed resistance member. Further, by connecting a fixed resistance member, the voltage of the windmill and the wind speed can be in a substantially proportional relationship, and the display timing can be detected to a certain degree of accuracy.

  According to the invention of claim 3, since the CPU is a battery-less type, the CPU is supplied with power only from the generated power of the windmill. Since there is no need to display the display when there is no wind, monitoring of the CPU itself is unnecessary in this state. Therefore, by adopting the battery-less type, it is possible to perform control for display by the display device completely independently from the battery or the external power source, and the installation of the display device becomes easy.

  The present invention relates to a lift-type wind power generator provided with a display for displaying information when the wind speed is above a certain wind speed, and the display is directly connected to the lift-type wind power generator, and the power to the display Supply is a battery-less type wind power generation display system that is performed only from the lift type wind power generator, and stores in advance necessary power necessary for operating the indicator, and the stall of the lift type wind power generator The wind-powered display system is characterized in that the lift-type wind power generator is stalled when the necessary power is covered by operation.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wind power generation display system according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a graph showing output characteristics of a windmill.

  An electronic load 2 is connected to the lift-type wind power generator 1, and rectifiers 3 and 4 are connected in parallel with each other. A CPU 5 is connected to the rectifier 3. An electric double layer capacitor 6, a fixed resistance switch 7, and a display switch 8 are connected to the CPU 5 in parallel. A fixed resistance member 9 is connected to the fixed resistance switch 7. A display 10 is connected to the display switch 8. In the figure, only the terminal portion of the display device is shown as the display.

  The display 10 normally has a power consumption of about 30 W at maximum. The generated power of a wind turbine having a diameter of about 1 m exceeds 100 W at a wind speed of 10 m / s. Further, since the wind energy is proportional to the cube of the wind speed, for example, when the wind speed is 20 m / s, it reaches 800 W. At this time, if the load is 30 W, the windmill is in an unloaded state as much as possible, and the rotational speed increases to more than twice the normal value, resulting in a runaway.

  When the display 10 is used for a strong wind warning display, it is natural that the display should be turned on even in a strong wind with a wind speed exceeding 20 m / s. Therefore, it is necessary to continue power generation while braking the rotational speed of the windmill. There are mechanical methods such as movable tail and blade pitch control as a method of braking the windmill, but in the installation environment of about 4m above the ground, the turbulence of the wind at the time of strong wind becomes large, resulting in failure of the moving part. Often becomes.

  In addition, a method of suppressing the number of revolutions by changing the electrical load can be cited as a control method. However, as described above, since the wind energy is proportional to the cube of the wind speed, the surplus power increases when the wind is strong. (About 750 W at a wind speed of 20 m / s). In order to consume this surplus power with an electronic load, it is necessary to increase the capacity of each element of the control, and the structure of the housing becomes complicated and the scale increases due to heat dissipation measures of the control circuit, and 30 W output As a display system, it becomes excessive equipment (decrease in cost merit).

  As shown in FIG. 2, the output characteristics of the wind power generator have a maximum output point due to the balance with the load. Thus, even if the wind turbine output is the same wind speed, the generated output and the rotational speed change due to the change in load. In particular, in the region where the rotational speed is low, the generated output of the windmill is extremely reduced. This phenomenon occurs in a lift type windmill and is called a stall phenomenon. The stall timing varies depending on each wind turbine, but can be assumed at the design stage. Further, the stall timing is determined by a “peripheral speed ratio” indicated by a ratio between the wind speed and the peripheral speed of the tip of the wind turbine blade, and generally has a stall point between the peripheral speed ratios of 1 and 2 ( Especially in the case of micro windmills with a diameter of 2 m or less). The operation of the windmill during this stall phenomenon is called stall operation. Stall operation is started when the speed falls below a predetermined number of rotations for each wind speed. This predetermined rotational speed is referred to as a stall point (point A in FIG. 2).

  By performing electronic load control that effectively utilizes this stall characteristic during strong winds, it is possible to generate power while braking the windmill while reducing the burden on each electric element during braking. Note that during stalled operation, the generated power drops naturally. However, in this system, the power consumption of the display (about 30W) is sufficient, so if the wind is strong, It can be sufficiently covered only by generated power. When the display is turned on in a region where the wind speed is low, the display is output as it is without stalling. Thereafter, when the wind speed rises, it is reduced to the stalled area by variable load control. By doing so, the wind turbine speed can be braked without increasing the capacity of the load control unit for the consumption of surplus power, and power can be supplied to the display device safely and stably.

  That is, the electric power generated by the lift-type wind power generator 1 is energized to the CPU 5 through the rectifier 3 to activate the CPU 5. At the same time, charging of the electric double layer capacitor 6 is started. The electric double layer capacitor 6 is disposed to smooth the fluctuation component of wind power. When the electric double layer capacitor 6 is fully charged, the fixed resistance switch 7 is turned on by a signal from the CPU 5 and the fixed resistance member 9 is connected. The electric double layer capacitor 6 and the fixed resistance switch 7 may be turned on at the same time. While the fixed resistance switch 7 is on, the fixed resistance member 9 becomes a load of the wind power generator 1. The electric double layer capacitor (which may be a capacitor) 6 prevents display chattering (flickering) due to fluctuating wind speed.

  When the wind speed to be displayed on the display 10 is reached, the fixed resistance switch 7 is turned off, the display switch 8 is turned on, and information is displayed on the display 10. The wind speed is measured by detecting the wind voltage passing through the rectifier 4 by the CPU 5. As described above, the fixed resistance member 9 is connected to the generator 1 until the display 10 starts displaying. Therefore, until the display 10 displays, the generated power by the windmill becomes surplus power. Can be consumed by the fixed resistance member 9. Further, by connecting the fixed resistance member 9, the voltage of the wind turbine and the wind speed can be in a substantially proportional relationship, and the display timing can be detected to some extent accurately. As the method of detecting the display start wind speed, it is done by measuring the power generation voltage of wind power generation, so the relationship between the wind speed and the power generation voltage is proportional in the same load state, but the load state has changed In this case, since the proportional relationship is broken, accurate wind speed detection cannot be performed. Therefore, until the display start wind speed is reached, the generated power is allowed to flow through the fixed resistance member 9, and the wind speed and voltage are proportional to the wind speed when the fixed resistance member 9 is used as a reference load, regardless of the load state. The display start wind speed can be accurately detected without measuring.

  When the wind speed further rises (when the necessary power required by the display 10 can be covered by the stall operation), the electronic load control is performed by the CPU 5 and the rotation speed of the windmill is maintained. That is, the stall operation is performed, and the engine is operated with the rotational speed reduced to the stall point A. When the wind power exceeds the wind speed at which the power required to operate the display unit can be supplied by stalled operation, the system uses the wind voltage, current, or rotation speed at that wind speed as a threshold, and any of these values exceeds the threshold. Stall operation is performed, and normal operation is performed if it is below the threshold value.

  Therefore, any of the above-described threshold values for determining the wind speed at which the indicator 10 can be displayed in the stall operation state is stored in the CPU 5, and the threshold value (wind voltage or current or rotation speed) and the current wind speed are stored. When the wind voltage or current during normal operation or the rotation speed is compared and any value exceeds the threshold value, electronic load control is started and the operation is switched to the stall operation. In addition, during the electronic load control, the wind power voltage / current / rotation speed is always monitored, and the wind power voltage / current / rotation speed at the start of stall operation is continuously controlled so that the necessary power is maintained even during strong winds. The wind turbine can be kept in a stalled state while ensuring the above.

  Further, since the CPU 5 is directly supplied with the generated power of the wind power generator 1 and is not connected to the battery and the external power source provided in the generator, the CPU 5 is supplied with power only from the generated power of the windmill during normal wind power generation. . In addition, power is not supplied from wind power when there is no wind, but in this state, monitoring by the CPU 5 is not necessary. Therefore, the wind power generator can be controlled completely independently from the battery or the external power source.

  The electronic load control performed by the CPU 5 is based on the generated voltage, current, and rotation speed from the generator 1, and the pulse amplitude and period of the voltage and current from the CPU are made constant and the on / off time ratio of one pulse is changed. Thus, PWM (pulse width modulation) control is performed to control the electronic load 2 for the lift type wind power generator by changing the average voltage or current. Since this PWM control is on-off control at high speed, the response speed is fast. Accordingly, the electronic load 2 connected to the generator 1 can be reliably controlled, and the stalling operation can be performed by controlling the rotational speed of the windmill.

  Further, as electronic load control, PAM (pulse amplitude modulation) control may be used. The load is controlled by changing the average voltage and current by changing the amplitude of the voltage and current while keeping the pulse width and period constant. In order to change the amplitude, the voltage and current of the load can be controlled over a wide range. However, there is a problem that response speed is slow. Alternatively, PPM (pulse position modulation) control may be performed. This is a control method in which the pulse width and amplitude are constant, the pulse period is changed according to the load voltage and current, and the output voltage and current are kept constant.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another wind power generation display system according to the present invention.

  In the second embodiment, resistance switching control is used as the rotational speed control of the windmill by the CPU 5. This resistance switching control is performed by providing a resistance switching unit 14 between the CPU 5 and the generator 1 in parallel with the rectifier 3. The resistance switching unit 14 includes a resistance switching switch 12 and a variable resistance member 13. A rectifier 11 is provided on the generator 1 side of the resistance switching unit 14.

  When this system is used, the method for switching to stall operation is different from that in the first embodiment. That is, the resistance changeover switch 12 is turned on and the resistance value of the variable resistance member 13 is controlled by the CPU 5 to change the resistance value connected to the generator 1 and maintain the rotational speed at the stall point corresponding to the wind speed. To do.

  Other configurations, operations, and effects are the same as those in the first embodiment.

1 is a schematic view of a wind power generation display system according to the present invention. It is a graph which shows the output characteristic of a windmill. It is a schematic diagram of another wind power generation type display system concerning this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1: lift type wind power generator, 2: electronic load, 3: rectifier, 4: rectifier, 5: CPU, 6: electric double layer capacitor, 7: fixed resistance switch, 8: indicator switch, 9: fixed resistance member, 10: Display, 11: Rectifier, 12: Resistance changeover switch, 13: Variable resistance member, 14: Resistance changeover unit

Claims (3)

A lift-type wind power generator with a display for displaying information when the wind speed is above a certain level, and
The display is directly connected to the lift-type wind power generator, and the power supply to the display is a battery-less wind power display system that is performed only from the lift-type wind power generator,
Pre-store the necessary power required to operate the display,
When the necessary power can be covered by the stall operation of the lift type wind power generator,
A wind power generation type display system, wherein the lift type wind power generator is stalled by load control.   The wind power generation display system according to claim 1, wherein the generator is connected to a fixed resistance member until a timing of display on the display. The wind power generation display system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the stalling operation is performed using a batteryless CPU that is supplied with electric power only from the lift type wind power generator.

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