JP5120019B2 - Stator core for electric motor - Google Patents
Stator core for electric motor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5120019B2 JP5120019B2 JP2008088268A JP2008088268A JP5120019B2 JP 5120019 B2 JP5120019 B2 JP 5120019B2 JP 2008088268 A JP2008088268 A JP 2008088268A JP 2008088268 A JP2008088268 A JP 2008088268A JP 5120019 B2 JP5120019 B2 JP 5120019B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tip
- stator core
- magnetic flux
- stator
- electric motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/02—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the magnetic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
Description
本発明は、電動機、特に永久磁石式同期電動機（ブラシレスＤＣモータ）やリラクタンスモータなどに用いて好適な固定子鉄心に関し、出力トルク及びエネルギー変換効率の向上を図ったものである。 The present invention relates to a stator core suitable for use in an electric motor, particularly a permanent magnet synchronous motor (brushless DC motor), a reluctance motor, and the like, and is intended to improve output torque and energy conversion efficiency.
電動機は、電気エネルギーを有効に機械的回転運動に変換することを目的としており、高効率電動機においては、一定入力あたりの出力トルクに優れるとともに、出力／入力で定義されるエネルギー変換効率（以下、効率という）が高いことが特に要求される。そのために、近年では、従来広く用いられてきた誘導電動機に加えて、永久磁石式同期電動機（ブラシレスＤＣモータ）、リラクタンスモータなど多くの方式が用いられるようになってきている。 The purpose of the electric motor is to effectively convert electric energy into mechanical rotational movement. In a high efficiency electric motor, the output torque per fixed input is excellent, and the energy conversion efficiency defined by output / input (hereinafter, High efficiency) is particularly required. Therefore, in recent years, many methods such as a permanent magnet type synchronous motor (brushless DC motor) and a reluctance motor have been used in addition to the induction motor that has been widely used in the past.
このような電動機の鉄心としては種々の構造のものが用いられるが、いずれの形式の電動機においても、固定子が交流励磁される場合には交流磁化が発生するため、鉄損の点で勝っている積層電磁鋼板が用いられることが多い。 As the iron core of such an electric motor, those having various structures are used. However, in any type of electric motor, when the stator is AC-excited, AC magnetization is generated. Often laminated magnetic steel sheets are used.
一方、回転子に関しても、誘導電動機の場合には、磁気特性に優れた電磁鋼板を打抜いた後に積層し、内部に誘導電流を導通させる導体を有する構造が多く用いられている。また、永久磁石式同期電動機の場合には、電磁鋼板を打抜いた後に積層する方法、溶融金属を精密鋳造により成形する方法、金属塊・金属棒を熱間または冷間鍛造または切削により成形する方法、金属粉末を圧粉・焼結により成形する方法などが考えられるが、永久磁石の把持能力や鉄損低減の面から良好な軟磁性を有する強磁性体、中でも電磁鋼板が用いられている。 On the other hand, as for the rotor, in the case of an induction motor, a structure having a conductor that conducts an induced current inside by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets having excellent magnetic properties and then stacking them is often used. In the case of a permanent magnet type synchronous motor, a method of stacking after punching electromagnetic steel sheets, a method of forming molten metal by precision casting, and forming a metal lump / metal bar by hot or cold forging or cutting Although a method of forming a metal powder by compaction and sintering is conceivable, ferromagnetic materials having good soft magnetism, especially magnetic steel sheets, are used in terms of permanent magnet gripping ability and iron loss reduction. .
上述したとおり、電動機の固定子が交流励磁される場合、交流磁化が発生し、それによる交流磁化損失（いわゆる鉄損）が発生するが、近年では特に電動機の高効率化の要求に伴い、交流磁化による損失を極力低減することが要望されている。このような高周波磁化成分による損失を抑制するのに最も効果的な手段は、固定子鉄心として磁化特性に優れると同時に、板厚の薄肉化、高合金化などにより鉄損を低減した積層鋼板を用いることである。 As described above, when the stator of the motor is AC-excited, AC magnetization occurs, resulting in AC magnetization loss (so-called iron loss). However, in recent years, especially with the demand for higher efficiency of the motor, AC It is desired to reduce the loss due to magnetization as much as possible. The most effective means to suppress the loss due to such high-frequency magnetization components is a laminated steel sheet that has excellent magnetization characteristics as a stator core, and at the same time has reduced iron loss by making the plate thickness thinner and making it higher alloyed. Is to use.
しかし、固定子のティース部の先端部では磁束の分布が不均一であり、高周波成分を含んだ磁化成分が生じ、また鋼板面に垂直な磁束成分を有するために、鋼板面内に渦電流が生じて、鉄損が発生しやすい状態になっている。
鉄心材料は通常、同一の組成からなる一体のものとする場合が多いので、特に高速回転時には損失が増加する結果、効率の劣化が避けられなかった。
However, the distribution of the magnetic flux is non-uniform at the tip of the stator teeth, a magnetization component containing high frequency components is generated, and since there is a magnetic flux component perpendicular to the steel plate surface, eddy currents are generated in the steel plate surface. As a result, iron loss is likely to occur.
In many cases, the core material is usually an integral material having the same composition. As a result, the loss is increased especially during high-speed rotation. As a result, deterioration in efficiency is inevitable.
一方、固定子鉄心の構造に工夫を加えることにより、交流磁化による損失を改善する方法も検討されている。
例えば、特許文献１には、ティース部がヨーク部より飽和磁化の大きい材料で構成される電動機が記載されている。この電動機は、ティース部及びヨーク部共に同一の材料を使用した電動機と比較して、トルク性能は改善されるものの、ティース先端部における磁束分布の不均一に起因して、効率は改善が認められないか、むしろ劣化するという問題があった。
For example, Patent Document 1 describes an electric motor in which a tooth portion is made of a material having a saturation magnetization larger than that of a yoke portion. This motor has improved torque performance compared to a motor using the same material for both teeth and yoke, but improved efficiency due to non-uniform magnetic flux distribution at the teeth tip. There was a problem that it was not or rather deteriorated.
本発明は、上記の問題を有利に解決するもので、電動機のトルク性能と効率を高いレベルで両立させるために、固定子鉄心における磁束の流れを制御し、余分な高周波磁化成分及び鋼板面に垂直な磁束成分を抑制することができる電動機固定子鉄心を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention advantageously solves the above problems, and controls the flow of magnetic flux in the stator core in order to balance the torque performance and efficiency of the motor at a high level. An object of the present invention is to provide an electric motor stator core capable of suppressing a vertical magnetic flux component.
さて、発明者らは、上記の課題を解決すべく研究、開発を重ねた結果、固定子のティース部を先端部と根元部に二分割し、先端部の磁束密度を根元部の磁束密度よりも大きくすることが、むしろティース部全体に高特性の素材を用いた場合よりもトルク性能及び効率が向上することの新規知見を得た。 Now, as a result of repeated research and development to solve the above problems, the inventors have divided the teeth portion of the stator into a tip portion and a root portion, and the magnetic flux density at the tip portion is determined from the magnetic flux density at the root portion. Rather, we obtained new knowledge that the torque performance and efficiency were improved rather than using a high-quality material for the entire teeth part.
本発明は、上記の知見に立脚するものであり、その要旨構成は以下のとおりである。
１．固定子鉄心のティース部の長さをＬとし、該ティース部の先端から少なくともＬ/20の長さとなる先端部を有し、残りを根元部としたとき、該先端部の5000Ａ/ｍにおける磁束密度Ｂ(T)50が1.75Ｔ以上で、かつ該先端部の磁束密度Ｂ(T)50と該根元部の磁束密度Ｂ(R)50との差（Ｂ(T)50−Ｂ(R)50）が0.05Ｔ以上であることを特徴とする電動機用固定子鉄心。
The present invention is based on the above findings, and the summary of the present invention is as follows.
1. When the length of the teeth portion of the stator core is L, the tip portion is at least L / 20 from the tip of the teeth portion, and the rest is the root portion, the magnetic flux at 5000 A / m at the tip portion The density B (T) 50 is 1.75 T or more, and the difference between the magnetic flux density B (T) 50 at the tip and the magnetic flux density B (R) 50 at the root (B (T) 50 −B (R) 50 ) A stator iron core for an electric motor, wherein 0.05) or more.
２．上記先端部が、ティース部長さのＬ/20〜18Ｌ/20の範囲であることを特徴とする上記１の電動機用固定子鉄心。 2. The stator core for an electric motor according to 1 above, wherein the tip end portion is in a range of L / 20 to 18 L / 20 of the length of the teeth portion.
本発明の固定子鉄心を電動機に用いることにより、高トルクで、かつ高効率な電動機を得ることができる。 By using the stator core of the present invention for an electric motor, an electric motor with high torque and high efficiency can be obtained.
以下、本発明を具体的に説明する。
図１に本発明の要である固定子鉄心のティース部の構造を示す。図中、符号１は固定子、２はヨーク部、３はティース部、４はティース部の先端部、５はティース部の根元部である。図１に示したように、ティース部３を先端部４と根元部５とに二分割し、それぞれを異なった材料で構成するのである。このとき、ティース部長さに対する先端部長さの比が重要であり、ティース部３の長さをＬとしたとき、先端部４は少なくともＬ/20の長さを必要とする。というのは、Ｌ/20に満たないと、先端部に用いた磁束密度の大きい材料により、ティース部を中心とした固定子鉄心に流れる磁束の分布の適正化が不十分となるからである。
一方、先端部４の長さが18Ｌ/20を超えると特に、ティース部に流れる磁束の流れを調整する作用が少なくなるので、先端部４の長さの上限は18Ｌ/20とすることが望ましい。より好ましくは５Ｌ/20〜18Ｌ/20の範囲である。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described.
FIG. 1 shows the structure of the teeth portion of the stator core that is the key of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 is a stator, 2 is a yoke part, 3 is a tooth part, 4 is a tip part of the tooth part, and 5 is a root part of the tooth part. As shown in FIG. 1, the
On the other hand, when the length of the
なお、根元部５の長さは、ティース部３の長さＬから先端部４の長さをひいた残部となる。この根元部５はヨーク部２と一体としても、ヨーク部２と別物としてもいずれでも良い。
Note that the length of the
次に、固定子鉄心のティース部の先端部、根元部及びヨーク部（根元部とヨーク部を一体とする場合は固定子本体という）に用いる鋼板について述べる。
これらに使用する鋼板は、強磁性体であれば効果を有し、必ずしもFeが主成分である必要はなく、Co、Niその他の強磁性元素またはその合金系を使用することができる。一般的には高磁束密度を有するFe基合金が有利であり、若干の合金元素を含む分には磁束密度を阻害しない限り問題はない。
Next, a description will be given of a steel plate used for the tip portion, root portion, and yoke portion of the teeth portion of the stator core (when the root portion and the yoke portion are integrated, it is called a stator body).
The steel plate used for these has an effect as long as it is a ferromagnetic material, and Fe does not necessarily have to be a main component, and Co, Ni, other ferromagnetic elements, or alloys thereof can be used. In general, an Fe-based alloy having a high magnetic flux density is advantageous, and there is no problem as long as the magnetic flux density is not disturbed as long as it contains some alloy elements.
ただし、本発明では、ティース部の先端部の磁束密度を高くし、かつ根元部との磁束密度差を大きくすることが重要であることから、根元部に比較して先端部の方にできる限り大きい磁束密度をもつ鋼板を用いた方が有利である。鋼板の成分としては、例えば、Coを５質量％以上65質量％以下、残部をFeとすることが有利である。そして、固定子本体（ティース部の根元部およびヨーク部）より、ティース部先端部のCo含有量を多くして、両者の磁束密度の差を0.05Ｔ以上とすることが好ましい。例えばさらに、Siを0.1〜4.0質量％やAlを0.1〜0.2質量％程度含有させても良い。 However, in the present invention, it is important to increase the magnetic flux density at the tip of the tooth portion and to increase the difference in magnetic flux density from the root portion. It is advantageous to use a steel plate having a large magnetic flux density. As the components of the steel sheet, for example, it is advantageous that Co is 5% by mass or more and 65% by mass or less, and the balance is Fe. Then, it is preferable to increase the Co content at the tip of the teeth part from the stator body (the root part of the teeth part and the yoke part) so that the difference between the two magnetic flux densities is 0.05 T or more. For example, Si may be contained in an amount of 0.1 to 4.0% by mass or Al may be contained in an amount of 0.1 to 0.2% by mass.
鋼板の板厚については、薄いものほど電動機の効率向上の点で好ましいが、あまりに薄い鋼板は製造コスト、加工コストの点で望ましくない。また、積層鋼板の表面には絶縁コーティングを施して、積層後にも一定の絶縁性を確保する必要がある。なお、ティース部の先端部と固定子本体とは板厚が同一である方が層間の絶縁を確保する上で望ましいが、必ずしも同一である必要はない。 As for the plate thickness of the steel plate, a thinner one is preferable in terms of improving the efficiency of the electric motor, but a too thin steel plate is not desirable in terms of manufacturing cost and processing cost. Further, it is necessary to provide an insulating coating on the surface of the laminated steel sheet to ensure a certain insulating property even after lamination. In addition, although it is desirable in order to ensure the insulation between layers that the front-end | tip part of a teeth part and the stator main body have the same board thickness, it does not necessarily need to be the same.
ティース部の先端部は、接着などの方法で固定すればよいが、図２に示すように固定子本体とは別のリング状単体として、固定子本体にはめ込むことも可能である。その場合、固定子本体とはできる限りギャップを小さくした方が磁気回路の特性上望ましいが、回転子と固定子の間のギャップに比べて十分に小さければ特に問題はない。 The tip portion of the tooth portion may be fixed by a method such as adhesion, but as shown in FIG. 2, it can be fitted into the stator body as a ring-shaped single body different from the stator body. In that case, it is desirable for the characteristics of the magnetic circuit to make the gap as small as possible from the stator body, but there is no particular problem if the gap is sufficiently smaller than the gap between the rotor and the stator.
ティース部の先端部および固定子本体（ティース部の根元部とヨーク部）として、表１に示す成分組成および磁束密度Ｂ50からなる種々の鋼板（板厚：0.35mm）を適宜組み合わせて使用した。また、このときの積層枚数はいずれも30枚とした。そして、この例では、図２の構造により固定子鉄心を製造した。
その後、固定子鉄心に３層巻線を施した後、その中心にシャフトを挿入し、外径寸法115mmの６スロットの固定子とした。一方、回転子としては希土類磁石を用いた磁石内蔵型の回転子を用いた。
As the tip of the teeth part and the stator body (the root part of the teeth part and the yoke part), various steel plates (plate thickness: 0.35 mm) having the composition shown in Table 1 and the magnetic flux density B 50 were used in appropriate combinations. . In addition, the number of stacked layers at this time was 30. And in this example, the stator core was manufactured with the structure of FIG.
Thereafter, a three-layer winding was applied to the stator iron core, and then a shaft was inserted into the center thereof to obtain a six-slot stator having an outer diameter of 115 mm. On the other hand, a rotor with a built-in magnet using a rare earth magnet was used as the rotor.
各固定子鉄心における、ティース部の先端部と固定子本体との材料の組み合わせおよび各組み合わせの場合の効率およびトルク性能について調べた結果を表２に示す。また、同表には、ティース部の先端部長さおよびティース部長さＬ（24mm）に対する比も併せて示す。
さらに、比較のために、ティース部およびヨーク部を一枚の鋼板で一体製作して積層したもの（固定子鉄心Ｂ、Ｄ、Ｅ、ＧおよびＩ）ならびに特許文献１に記載のもの（ティース部が全体としてヨーク部と別体になっているもの、固定子鉄心Ｑ）についての調査結果も併せて示す。
Table 2 shows the results of examining the combination of materials of the tip portion of the teeth portion and the stator body and the efficiency and torque performance in each combination in each stator core. The table also shows the ratio of the tip length of the teeth portion to the teeth portion length L (24 mm).
Further, for comparison, the teeth portion and the yoke portion are integrally manufactured from a single steel plate and laminated (stator cores B, D, E, G and I) and those described in Patent Document 1 (tooth portion) Also shows the results of investigation on the stator core Q), which is separated from the yoke part as a whole.
なお、効率およびトルク性能については次のように測定した。
固定子鉄心の巻線に３層電流を通電し、外部ブレーキを用いてトルク負荷を与え、無負荷回転数9000rpmにおける最大効率及び無負荷回転数3500rpmにおけるトルク定数を算出した。
The efficiency and torque performance were measured as follows.
A three-layer current was passed through the windings of the stator core, a torque load was applied using an external brake, and the maximum efficiency at a no-load speed of 9000 rpm and the torque constant at a no-load speed of 3500 rpm were calculated.
表２に示した通り、本発明の固定子鉄心を用いた電動機はいずれも、比較例に比べて効率およびトルク定数が格段に改善されている。 As shown in Table 2, the efficiency and torque constant of each electric motor using the stator core of the present invention are remarkably improved as compared with the comparative example.
本発明の固定子鉄心を有する電動機は、固定子鉄心に流れる磁束の分布を最適化したものである。従って、固定子鉄心に通過する磁束を利用するあらゆる電動機に効果を有する。特に、永久磁石式同期電動機やリラクタンスモータなど、高効率と高トルク性能を同時に発揮することを要求される電動機に有利に適合する。
また、本発明では、ティース部先端部のみの材料置換であるため、高価な材料を多量に使用することがなく経済性にも優れることから、広い普及が期待される。
The electric motor having the stator core according to the present invention optimizes the distribution of magnetic flux flowing through the stator core. Therefore, it has an effect on all electric motors using magnetic flux passing through the stator core. In particular, it is advantageously adapted to motors that are required to exhibit high efficiency and high torque performance at the same time, such as permanent magnet synchronous motors and reluctance motors.
Moreover, in this invention, since it is material substitution only for the front-end | tip part of a teeth part, since an expensive material is not used in large quantities and it is excellent also in economical efficiency, wide spread is anticipated.
１ 固定子
２ ヨーク部
３ ティース部
４ 先端部
５ 根元部
６ スペーサ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Stator 2
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008088268A JP5120019B2 (en) | 2008-03-28 | 2008-03-28 | Stator core for electric motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008088268A JP5120019B2 (en) | 2008-03-28 | 2008-03-28 | Stator core for electric motor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2009247060A JP2009247060A (en) | 2009-10-22 |
| JP5120019B2 true JP5120019B2 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
Family
ID=41308375
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008088268A Expired - Fee Related JP5120019B2 (en) | 2008-03-28 | 2008-03-28 | Stator core for electric motor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5120019B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2885854B1 (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2019-03-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Radial magnetic bearing and method for producing a radial magnetic bearing |
| WO2014048464A1 (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2014-04-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Active part of an electrical machine, radial magnetic bearing and method for producing a radial magnetic bearing |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11168863A (en) * | 1997-12-02 | 1999-06-22 | Minolta Co Ltd | Hysteresis motor and image-forming device using the same |
| JP2000341889A (en) * | 1999-05-25 | 2000-12-08 | Hitachi Ltd | Dynamo-electric machine core, manufacture thereof, core segments and dynamo-electric machine |
| JP2001025181A (en) * | 1999-07-09 | 2001-01-26 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Material for stator core and motor mounting the same |
| JP4363045B2 (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2009-11-11 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Rotating electrical machine stator structure and rotating electrical machine |
| JP2006006015A (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2006-01-05 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Stator core |
-
2008
- 2008-03-28 JP JP2008088268A patent/JP5120019B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2009247060A (en) | 2009-10-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| AU2004247246B2 (en) | Radial airgap, transverse flux motor | |
| US20040251761A1 (en) | Radial airgap, transverse flux motor | |
| AU2004320272B2 (en) | Efficient axial airgap electric machine having a frontiron | |
| US7596856B2 (en) | Method for manufacturing a soft magnetic metal electromagnetic component | |
| JP4840215B2 (en) | Permanent magnet type rotating electric machine and compressor using the same | |
| US20040245879A1 (en) | Efficient high-speed electric device using low-loss materials | |
| CN106655649B (en) | High-speed high-power density AC servo motor | |
| Villani | High performance electrical motors for automotive applications–status and future of motors with low cost permanent magnets | |
| JP2006271114A (en) | Rotary machine iron core | |
| Ou et al. | Experimental study of the amorphous magnetic material for high-speed sleeve-free PM rotor application | |
| JP5120019B2 (en) | Stator core for electric motor | |
| JP5445003B2 (en) | Stator core for electric motor | |
| KR20120062800A (en) | Rotor for permanent magnet type rotary machine | |
| JP6024919B2 (en) | Motor with low iron loss deterioration due to shrink fitting | |
| JP5531841B2 (en) | Electric motor | |
| JP2019199624A (en) | motor | |
| JP5471678B2 (en) | Rare earth magnet and rotating machine | |
| JP4844139B2 (en) | Magnetic steel sheet for permanent magnet motor and permanent magnet motor | |
| JP2003244873A (en) | Stator core for motor of superior noise characteristics | |
| WO2023127328A1 (en) | Laminated iron core and rotary electrical machine using same | |
| JP2006217706A (en) | Motor rotor core | |
| JP4123040B2 (en) | High efficiency rotating machine | |
| JP2018174650A (en) | Iron core and motor including the same | |
| JP4418346B2 (en) | Electrical steel sheet with small relative permeability in the thickness direction | |
| JP2006054932A (en) | High resistance magnet motor |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20110128 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20120912 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20120925 |
|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20121008 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20151102 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent (=grant) or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |