JP5114667B2 - Evaluation method and apparatus for coke extrusion load - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for evaluating a coke cake extrusion load capable of quantitatively evaluating the influence of furnace wall unevenness on the extrusion load during coke extrusion in a horizontal chamber furnace type coke oven, for example.

Stable operation of the coke oven is important from the viewpoints of securing production volume, reducing manufacturing costs, and protecting the furnace body. However, in reality, troubles occur due to various reasons, and it is often impossible to maintain stable operation.
For example, when coke is extruded from the carbonization chamber, a part of the pressing force by the extruder ram is applied to the furnace wall surface as a side pressure. This extruding side pressure increases as the force required to extrude the coke increases, and sometimes causes troubles such as broken holes in the furnace wall bricks and furnace wall damage.

For this reason, by estimating how much side pressure (load) is applied to the furnace wall at the time of coke extrusion, it is possible to manage the operating conditions so that the above trouble does not occur. Are known.
In this technique, it is necessary to accurately estimate the load applied to the furnace wall at the time of coke extrusion. As a method therefor, for example, a coke extrusion load evaluation apparatus as shown in Patent Document 2 is used. There is a method of performing tests and estimating from the measured values obtained.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 2 includes side movable walls 31 and 32 that are arranged to face each other so that the distance can be adjusted, and a receiving movable wall 33 that abuts the end surface of the side movable wall. A U-shaped enclosure is formed, and a test coke cake 34 is inserted into the enclosure, and when the coke cake 34 in the enclosure is extruded from the release side by the extruder 35, the side movable wall 31 is placed. 32, the receiving side movable wall 33 and a number of load measuring devices 36 provided on the extruder 35 can directly measure the load distribution and overall load of each of the side movable wall, the receiving side movable wall and the extruder. Is.

  This device not only measures the load on the entire support but also measures the load distribution, so that the effects of coke cake on the furnace wall can be investigated in more detail. In that respect, it is not possible to perform a sufficient test.

In recent years, the number of coke ovens that have been built for a long time and have deteriorated is increasing. In such furnaces, the furnace wall of the carbonization chamber can be displaced in the furnace width direction during coke extrusion. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a test in consideration of such displacement.
In addition, the furnace wall bricks in the coke oven carbonization chamber are often worn (peeled) locally or uneven due to carbon adhesion, etc., and the side pressure applied to the furnace wall during coke extrusion is Therefore, in order to estimate the side pressure and load more accurately, it is necessary to evaluate the effect of unevenness that occurs locally on the furnace wall. is there.

  However, the apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 2 has a problem in that it is impossible to quantitatively evaluate how the displacement of the furnace wall and the unevenness of the furnace wall as described above affect the extrusion load.

Furthermore, when evaluating the limit load at which the wall of a coke oven that has deteriorated breaks down, it is estimated that local concentrated load is generated at the location where the unevenness of the furnace wall exists. It is necessary to know the local load distribution accurately.
Conventionally, as a method for evaluating a local load distribution on a furnace wall, it is known to install a pressure sensitive paper at a location to be evaluated (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1). However, even if this technology is applied to the above test equipment, the maximum load is finally recorded on the pressure-sensitive paper, so there is a possibility that the load distribution will be overestimated. There is a problem that is impossible.

JP 2000-144139 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-332501 `` CAMP-ISIJ '' Vol.15 (2002) -77

  Therefore, in the present invention, when the furnace wall of the carbonization chamber is displaced in the furnace width direction at the time of coke extrusion, a plurality of irregularities of various shapes are scattered in the longitudinal direction of the furnace wall and the furnace height direction. In addition, it is possible to quantitatively evaluate how they affect the extrusion load, and furthermore, a method and an apparatus capable of quantitatively evaluating the load distribution of uneven portions where local concentrated loads are likely to occur continuously and quantitatively. It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art by providing the above.

The gist of the present invention for solving the above problems is as follows.
(1) A method for evaluating the coke extrusion load by extruding test coke disposed between the left and right side walls from one side to the other along the side walls and measuring the force applied to the left and right side walls during extrusion. When coke is extruded, the coke is pushed while exerting a reaction force, and at least one of the left and right side walls is displaced in a direction perpendicular to the coke cake extrusion direction when a certain level of force is applied. Then, the force applied to the left and right side walls when the coke moves, the pushing force when pushing, and the receiving force when applying the reaction force are measured, and based on these measured values and the value of the reaction force And evaluating the extrusion load when the left and right side walls are displaced.

(2) The method for evaluating a coke extrusion load according to (1), wherein a protrusion is provided on at least one side wall, and further, the extrusion load when the coke gets over the protrusion is evaluated.
(3) When extruding coke, a load is loaded on the coke and extruded, and in addition to the measured value and the reaction force value, the load is further evaluated to evaluate the extrusion load. The evaluation method for coke extrusion load according to (1) or (2).
(4) A sheet-like load detecting means capable of continuously measuring a change in load at an arbitrary position in the detection region is disposed between the side wall and the coke, and the sheet-like load detection is performed. By means of the means, the distribution of force applied to the side wall and the change in load at an arbitrary position are continuously measured in time. In addition to the measurement value and the reaction force value, the sheet-like load detection means measures The coke extrusion load evaluation method according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the extrusion load is evaluated by further adding the result.

(5) Front and rear support bodies installed at intervals in the coke extrusion direction, coke extrusion means disposed on one side of the front and rear support bodies, and disposed on the other side of the front and rear support bodies a reaction force applying means for applying a reaction force to the coke for extruding force by the coke pushing means during coke extrusion, oppositely disposed left and right support and the right and left at an interval between the front and rear support The left and right intermediate movable walls that are supported by the support so as to face each other and are movably supported in the opposite direction, and when a force greater than a set value acts on the intermediate movable wall, Means for moving, and arranged to face the intermediate movable wall so as to form a coke extrusion space inside, so that it can move in the opposite direction and not in the coke extrusion direction The left and right side walls placed and the test coke placed between the left and right side walls are arranged in front and back in the pushing direction and have a width that is smaller than the distance between the left and right side walls. And a load detection means installed between the intermediate movable wall and the side wall, between the push-out means and the movable wall, and between the reaction force applying means and the movable wall. An apparatus for evaluating a coke extrusion load.

(6) The coke extrusion load evaluation device according to (5), wherein a protrusion having a slope continuous from the facing surface is provided on a surface of at least one of the side walls facing the coke.
(7) The evaluation apparatus for coke extrusion load according to (6), wherein the protrusion is installed on a side wall so that the position can be arbitrarily changed.
(8) A sheet-like load detecting means capable of continuously measuring a change in load at an arbitrary position in the detection region in time is further disposed between the coke and the left and right side walls. The evaluation apparatus for coke extrusion load according to any one of (5) to (7).
(9) The coke extrusion load evaluation device according to any one of (5) to (8), further comprising a load loaded on the coke.

  According to the present invention, when the furnace wall of the carbonization chamber is displaced in the furnace width direction at the time of coke extrusion, a plurality of irregularities of various shapes are scattered along the longitudinal direction of the carbonization chamber furnace wall and the furnace height direction. Can be quantitatively evaluated how the displacement of the furnace wall and the unevenness present on the furnace wall affect the extrusion load, and the load distribution at the uneven part where local concentrated load is likely to occur Therefore, the extrusion load at the time of coke extrusion can be estimated with higher accuracy, and troubles such as broken holes in the furnace body bricks and damage to the furnace wall can be prevented.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a coke extrusion load evaluation apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the same. In the figure, the left and right side supports 7 and 7 are installed on the base 14 with a predetermined interval so as to face each other, and before and after the extrusion direction intersecting with the arrangement direction of the side supports 7 and 7. The front and rear support bodies 15 and 16 are installed facing each other at a certain interval. The support body 15 has a hydraulic cylinder 1 for extrusion, and the support body 16 has a hydraulic cylinder 3 for reaction force addition. Each is attached.

  Between the left and right side supports, a pair of side panels 5 and 5 serving as left and right side walls are disposed, and between the opposing cylinders, front and rear panels 11 and 12 serving as movable walls are provided as side panels 5 and 5, respectively. 5 and the protrusions 9 are arranged so as not to come into contact with each other, and an extrusion space for the test coke cake 2 is formed by the side panels and the front and rear panels.

  The hydraulic cylinder 1 constitutes an extruding means for applying an extruding force to the coke cake 2, and the pushing force is transmitted to the front panel 11 by the cylinder head 10 at the tip of the rod. Further, the hydraulic cylinder 3 constitutes a reaction force applying means for applying a reaction force against the pushing force, and the reaction force is transmitted to the other rear panel 12 by the cylinder head 10 at the tip of the rod. .

  When coke is extruded from the carbonization chamber, the side pressure applied to the furnace wall decreases from the extruder ram side to the guide wheel side. In order to simulate the decrease in the frictional force due to the decrease in the side pressure in the furnace length direction, when the coke cake 2 surrounded by each panel is pushed out by the hydraulic cylinder 1, the magnitude of the reaction force by the hydraulic cylinder 3 is changed. Like that. Thereby, it becomes possible to measure the extrusion force under the condition that the assumed position in the furnace length direction of the coke cake 2 to be actually extruded is changed.

  Between the front and rear panels 11 and 12 facing the cylinder heads 10 and 10 of the hydraulic cylinders 1 and 3, respectively, load cells 17 and 17 are installed as load detecting means, respectively. The force received by the hydraulic cylinder 3 is detected.

The front and rear panels 11 and 12 are formed with a width smaller than the interval between the side panels 5 and 5 in order to move between the side panels 5 and 5 together with the coke cake 2 in the coke extrusion direction.
In addition, rollers 21 are attached to the lower ends of the front and rear panels 11 and 12, respectively, so that they can move smoothly on the base 14.

Assuming the case where the furnace wall of the coking chamber is displaced in the furnace width direction, the side panels 5 and 5 can be displaced in a direction perpendicular to the coke cake extrusion direction when a certain load is applied to the side panel. Install.
For this purpose, intermediate movable walls 6, 6 held by the side hydraulic cylinders 4, 4 are installed between the side supports 7, 7 and the side panels 5, 5 so that the side panels are received by the intermediate movable walls. To.

  In addition, a plurality of load cells 18 and 18 for measuring the load applied to the side panels 5 and 5 are installed between the intermediate movable walls 6 and 6 and the side panels 5 and 5. The load (force receiving force) received by the left and right side panels 5 and 5 is detected as the total value of the measured values of the respective load cells.

  The side panels 5 and 5 may move in the coke extrusion direction together with the coke cake 2 due to the frictional force with the coke during coke extrusion. In order to prevent this, the side panels 5 and 5 are allowed to move in the direction (width direction) perpendicular to the coke extrusion direction, but are preferably restricted so that they cannot move in the coke extrusion direction.

For this purpose, a stopper that restricts only the movement in the push-out direction may be provided on the hydraulic cylinder 3 side. To ensure that the side panel 5 moves in the width direction, for example, the side face As shown in FIGS. 1 and 13, linear motion guides (LM guides) 19 are attached to both ends of the panels 5 and 5 in the coke extrusion direction, and the LM guide 19 is fixed to the base 14. Attach to 20.
Thereby, the side panels 5 and 5 can be moved in the direction (width direction) perpendicular to the coke pushing direction by the LM guide 19, but the movement in the coke pushing direction is restricted by the LM guide support 20.

Each of the side hydraulic cylinders 4 is installed on a side support 7, and its operating pressure is controlled by a hydraulic pump (not shown). The hydraulic pump has a function of moving the cylinder piston of the side hydraulic cylinder 4 forward or backward so as to maintain a preset constant discharge pressure (set value).
The side hydraulic cylinder 4 and the hydraulic pump constitute means for moving the intermediate movable wall when a force greater than a set value is applied to the intermediate movable walls 6 and 6.

When the coke cake 2 is extruded, the coke cake 2 is compressed and spreads to the side, so that a side pressure is generated and a load is applied to the side panel 5. In addition, as will be described later, a protrusion is provided on the side panel 5, and a load is similarly applied when the coke cake 2 gets over the protrusion. This load is transmitted to the side hydraulic cylinder 4 via the intermediate movable wall 6.
At that time, when a load equal to or higher than the set value of the discharge pressure of the hydraulic pump is applied to the side hydraulic cylinder 4, the cylinder piston moves backward together with the intermediate movable wall 6 to widen the gap between the side panels 5, 5. This corresponds to an increase in the width of the coking chamber in an actual coke oven.

  In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an example in which a hydraulic cylinder is applied to both the pushing means and the reaction force applying means has been described. However, the invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the hydraulic cylinder is used for each means. Either an air cylinder or an air cylinder may be used. Further, the number of each cylinder is not limited to the example shown in the figure. In general, a hydraulic cylinder can generate the same load with a small cylinder as compared with an air cylinder. Therefore, a hydraulic cylinder is advantageous for downsizing the apparatus.

  Also, both the left and right side panels can be displaced in the direction perpendicular to the coke cake extrusion direction during the coke extrusion test, but either one of the side panels is configured not to be displaced during the coke extrusion test. Also good.

  The furnace wall of the coke oven carbonization chamber has local unevenness due to partial wear and carbon adhesion, and the effect of unevenness locally generated on such furnace wall is evaluated. Therefore, a projection 9 as shown in FIG. 3 is attached to a surface of the side panel 5 facing the coke cake 2 by a fixing means such as welding or a bolt.

  The protrusion 9 is preferably fixed to the side panels 5 and 5 so that the attachment position can be arbitrarily changed. For example, a long hole is provided in the pushing direction of the side panel 5, and the protrusion 9 is bolted through the long hole. By fixing, the fixing position of the protrusion 9 can be changed in the pushing direction along the long hole.

As shown in FIG. 3, the protrusion 9 has a wedge shape having an inclined surface 22 continuous with the upper surface of the side panel 5 and a horizontal surface 23 parallel to the upper surface of the panel. The protrusions 9 are different in angle α, length d, etc. By preparing a plurality, it is possible to evaluate the influence on the extrusion load due to the difference in the protrusion shape.
By using this protrusion 9, the influence on the extrusion load when the wall surface is uneven can be quantitatively measured.

Further, when the projections 9 are provided on the side panels 5 and 5, when the coke cake 2 gets over the projections, in addition to the frictional force between the side panels and the coke, a force acting on the slopes of the projections is also added. A larger force acts on 5 to move in the coke extrusion direction.
Therefore, in order to prevent the movement of the side panels 5 and 5 in the pushing direction, as described above, the LM guide rails 19 are installed at both ends of the side panels 5 and 5 in the coke pushing direction, It is more desirable to prevent movement in the coke extrusion direction while allowing movement in a direction (width direction) perpendicular to the coke extrusion direction of 5.

  Since the upper part of the coke cake 2 surrounded by each panel is opened, a load can be loaded on the coke cake to be measured. In an actual coke oven, the distribution of the self-load exists in the coke height direction. Therefore, by loading the load, the assumed position of the protrusion 9 can be changed in the height direction of the furnace having a different self-load. As a load to be loaded on the coke cake, it is preferable to use a steel plate and change the thickness of the steel plate or the number of stacked sheets to change the magnitude of the load. In addition, when no load is loaded, the deformation behavior due to the coke protrusion during the extrusion process can be observed and recorded from above.

A position detector 13 such as a laser distance meter is attached to the hydraulic cylinder support 15 provided on the base 14 so that the moving distance of the front panel 11 during coke extrusion can be continuously measured. It has become.
A similar position detector 8 is also attached to the side support 7 so that the lateral movement amount of the intermediate movable wall 6 can be continuously measured.

  In the coke cake extrusion load evaluation apparatus configured as described above, for example, a test coke cake 2 of a predetermined size obtained by dry distillation in a small electric furnace or the like is used for the side panels 5 and 5 and the front and rear panels 11 and 11 of the apparatus. The space surrounded by 12 is inserted. The clearance between the charged coke cake 2 and the side panels 5 and 5 is adjusted by the movement of the left and right intermediate movable walls 6 and 6. A projection 9 is attached in advance to the side panel 5 on one side as shown in FIG.

The set pressure of the hydraulic pump of the side hydraulic cylinder 4 is set to a pressure that assumes the case where the intermediate movable wall moves and the case where the intermediate movable wall does not move.
Thereafter, the hydraulic cylinder 1 is operated to apply an extrusion force to the coke cake 2, and a reaction force is applied by the hydraulic cylinder 3.
As a result, the coke cake 2 moves toward the opposite hydraulic cylinder 3 by the force of (extrusion force-reaction force). At that time, the coke cake 2 moves from the initial state (I) of FIG. 4A to move the slope of the protrusion (uphill) (II) and finally ride on the protrusion vertex (III).

  When the coke passes through the protrusions 9, the load cell moves the force applied to the left and right side panels, the pushing force when pushing, and the receiving force when applying the reaction force when the intermediate movable wall does not move sideways. Measure in each case.

First, the measurement when the intermediate movable wall does not move to the side will be described.
A coke with an angle α of 9.5 degrees, a slope length d182.5 mm, a horizontal plane length 220 mm in contact with the coke, and an approximate size of 600 mm in the extrusion direction, 400 mm in width, and 380 mm in height is installed on one side panel 5. FIG. 4B shows a change in the load detected by the load cell (a total value of a plurality of each surface) with respect to the coke moving distance measured by the position detector 13 when the cake is extruded.

  In FIG. 4B, (a) is a load (extrusion force) measured by a load cell 17 provided between the cylinder head 10 on the extrusion side and the front panel 11, and (b) is a cylinder head on the receiving side. The load (reaction force) measured by the load cell 17 provided between the rear panel 12 and the rear panel 12, (c) is the load measured by the load cell 18 provided between the right side panel 5 and the intermediate movable wall 6. (D) indicates the total load value (left wall force) measured by the load cell 18 provided between the left side panel 5 and the intermediate movable wall 6.

  When the pushing force is applied to the coke cake 2 by the hydraulic cylinder (pushing means) 1, the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is controlled so that the reaction force by the hydraulic cylinder (reaction force applying means) 3 becomes constant. It is possible to estimate the load at the assumed position in the furnace length direction of the actual coke cake 2 by changing the set value of the reaction force to be constant (the pushing force also changes depending on the set value of the reaction force). Become.

  In FIG. 4B, the difference between the extrusion force (a) and the reaction force (b) corresponds to the load necessary for the coke cake 2 to pass through the narrow portion of the protrusion 9 provided on the upper surface of the side wall panel. . From FIG. 4 (b), there is a difference between the pushing force of (b) and the reaction force of (b) from the position where the moving distance of the coke cake 2 is about 100 mm. (C) and the power received by the entire left wall (d) has begun to increase. As the travel distance further increases, the difference between the pushing force of (A) and the reaction force of (B) increases, and the receiving force of the entire right wall (C) and the receiving force of the entire left wall (D) further increase. The right wall receiving force (c) and the left wall receiving force (d) are the moving distance (470 corresponding to the position at which the coke cake 2 shown in (III) of FIG. Each value is maximum at ˜500 mm).

  Next, the left and right side panels 5 are moved under the condition that the set value of the discharge pressure of a hydraulic pump (not shown) for controlling the left and right side hydraulic cylinders 4 is changed to move the left and right intermediate movable walls sideways. 5 shows an example of results obtained by measuring the force applied to 5, the pushing force at the time of extrusion, and the receiving force at the time of applying the reaction force with the load cell 18.

  FIG. 5 shows that side panels 5 and 5 are provided with protrusions having an angle α of 9.5 degrees, a slope length d182.5 mm, a horizontal plane length 220 mm in contact with coke, and an approximate size of 600 mm in the extrusion direction, 400 mm in width and high in height. It is the result of extruding a coke cake having a thickness of 380 mm and measuring the load amount of the load cell with respect to the coke moving distance at this time (a plurality of total values on each surface) and the displacement amount of the distance between the left and right side panels 5, 5.

  In FIG. 5, (a) is the load (extrusion force) measured by the load cell 17 provided between the cylinder head 10 on the extrusion side and the front panel 11, and (b) is the cylinder head 10 and the rear panel 12 on the reception side. The load (reaction force) measured by the load cell 17 provided between the right side panel 5 and the intermediate movable wall 6 is the total value (right) of the load measured by the load cell 18 provided between the right side panel 5 and the intermediate movable wall 6. (Wall receiving force) and (d) respectively indicate the total load values (left wall receiving force) measured by the load cell 18 provided between the left side panel 5 and the intermediate movable wall 6.

  Further, in FIG. 5, (e) shows the displacement amount of the distance between the left and right side panels 5, 5 obtained from the measured values by the position detectors 8, 8 attached to the left and right side supports 7, 7. A positive value means that the space between the left and right panels 5 and 5 is widened during coke extrusion.

In FIG. 5, when the moving distance (horizontal axis) is approximately 250 mm, the pushing force (b) and the wall receiving force (c) (d) increase, but when the moving distance exceeds 250 mm, the distance between the walls is increased. The amount of displacement (e) increases rapidly, and the pushing force (b) and wall receiving force (c) (d) start to decline.
Based on the results shown in FIG. 5, the relationship between the displacement of the inter-wall distance during coke extrusion and the load required for overcoming the protrusion (= extrusion force-reaction force) and the relationship between the total load acting on the right side wall were determined. The results are shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and (b).

From FIG. 6, it can be seen that the load required to get over the protrusion and the load acting on the right side wall (the wall having the protrusion) decrease linearly as the displacement of the wall distance increases. This result suggests that during the coke extrusion process, the extrusion load may be reduced by increasing the furnace width of the coke oven carbonization chamber.
Since the amount of displacement of the distance between the wall of the coke oven of the actual coke oven is considered to change depending on the service life of the coke oven, from the measured value of the amount of displacement of the distance between the walls of the specific coke oven of the actual coke oven, FIG. And it becomes possible to predict the extrusion load in the coke oven carbonization chamber and the entire load load on the side wall based on the measurement result of FIG.

  The measurement test of the coke extrusion load as described above was carried out by changing the set value of the discharge pressure of the hydraulic pump of the side hydraulic cylinder, and when the intermediate movable wall moved or not moved, This is done by changing the force and the upper loading load, and measuring the force on the side wall, the pushing force and the receiving force in each case. Then, by evaluating the extrusion load based on these measured values and reaction force values, as well as the load, when irregularities with various shapes exist at various positions in the length direction and height direction of the coke oven. It is possible to evaluate the influence on the extrusion load.

  In the above embodiment, the load of the entire wall is measured as the total value (average value) of each load cell, and is not measured as a partial load. In order to accurately estimate the critical load at which the furnace wall breaks, the distribution of the localized concentrated load that is estimated to occur in the irregularities during extrusion of the coke cake is quantitatively determined, and It is desirable to measure and evaluate continuously in time.

  Therefore, an embodiment will be described in which the distribution of the load at the time of extruding the coke cake and the change in the load at an arbitrary location on the furnace wall can be continuously measured.

  FIG. 7 shows an example in which a load distribution and a change in load can be continuously measured by using a sheet-like pressure detecting means capable of detecting a load applied to the furnace wall as a surface. As a sheet-like pressure detecting means, A commercially available pressure sensor sheet 24 is used and disposed between the side panel 5 and the coke cake 2 so that the load distribution around the convex portion when the coke cake 2 is extruded and the temporal change of the load can be measured. It is a thing.

  This pressure sensor sheet has a structure in which two resin sheets having row electrodes and column electrodes are bonded together, and the intersection of the row and column of electrodes constitutes an individual pressure detection point (sensor cell). The electric resistance value of each sensor cell is reduced according to the pressure applied to the sensor cell. When pressure is applied to the sensor sheet, the change in the electrical resistance value of the sensor cell is read at high speed through each electrode, and the read data is processed by dedicated measurement software, and the pressure distribution in the measurement area of the sensor sheet Or the time change of pressure at any position is output.

The surface of the pressure sensor sheet is protected by, for example, a plastic thin film. However, since the coke lump is damaged when strongly contacted, it is preferable to insert a protective sheet 25 between the sensor sheet 24 and the coke cake 2. More preferably, it is also inserted on the side panel 5 side.
As the protective sheet 25, a commercially available cardboard (craft paper), a thin metal sheet, or the like can be used alone or in combination.

  When the protective sheet 25 is inserted, the force applied to the sensor sheet 24 is attenuated by the protective sheet, and the measured load is not a true value. Therefore, the true load value is obtained by correcting the load measured by the load cell 18 based on the load distribution obtained by the sensor sheet 24.

  FIGS. 8A to 8C show an example in which a change in pressure is continuously recorded when the pressure sensor sheet 24 is used under a condition where the intermediate movable wall does not move sideways (fixed).

A commercial product (manufactured by Nitta Co., Ltd.) was used for the pressure sensor sheet, which was set as shown in FIG. 7, and an extrusion test was performed using the same protrusions as in FIG.
The sensor sheet used has 1768 pressure detection points (sensor cells) of 17 × 17 mm per point, 52 points in the horizontal direction (coke pushing direction) and 34 points in the height direction.
As the protective sheet 25, a kraft paper having a thickness of about 0.5 mm and a metal sheet having a thickness of about 0.1 mm were used, which were interposed on both sides of the sensor sheet.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the pressure sensor sheet 24 is connected to the sensor control / data recording system 24 via the sensor connector 23, and the measured values by the pressure sensor sheet are recorded at predetermined time intervals. In addition, the sensor control / data recording system 24 simultaneously records the load data measured by each of the load cells and the position data from the position detector during the coke cake extrusion. Analysis can be performed in correspondence with the data of the load distribution on the projection surface by the sensor sheet in a 1: 1 ratio.

  FIGS. 8-1 (a) to 8-3 (e) are pressure sensors measured on the protruding surface disposed on the right wall during coke cake extrusion under the condition that the intermediate movable wall does not move sideways (fixed). The distribution of the load on the sheet is shown for every 100 mm travel distance of the coke cake 2. In FIG. 8, in order to clarify the load distribution and the positional relationship between the protrusions, the outlines of the protrusions (side arrows and front arrows) are superimposed on the sensor cell array of the sensor sheet.

  From FIGS. 8-1 (a) to 8-3 (e), the coke cake and the projecting surface are in local contact with the movement of the coke cake (extruded from the left side to the right side in the figure). It can be read that the point cloud on which the load acts also moves, that the contact area increases when the force received by the entire right wall increases.

Examples of information obtained as a result of measurement using such a pressure sensor sheet are shown in FIGS.
FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the contact area between the projection surface and the coke cake, the overall load acting on the projection surface, the contact pressure (= total load / contact area), and the distance of movement of the coke cake. The figure shows that as the coke cake moves, the overall load increases, but the contact area also increases, and as a result, the contact area changes at a substantially constant value.

  FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the load acting on one sensor cell and the movement distance of the coke cake. Here, the sensor cell A has a vertical cell number 20 and a horizontal cell number 30 in FIG. 8A, and the sensor cell B has a vertical cell number 20 and a horizontal cell in FIG. Number 38 is shown. From the figure, it is possible to grasp the load value acting on a specific position of the projection surface and its temporal change.

  In the example of FIG. 7, the pressure sensor sheet 24 is arranged on the right wall with respect to the pushing direction. However, the pressure sensor sheet 24 is arranged on the left wall or the left and right walls at the same time, and the distribution of loads acting on both walls is measured simultaneously You can also do it. In addition, the configuration (material, thickness, number of use, etc.) of the protective sheet 25 should be selected according to the strength of the load acting on the furnace wall. For example, when the load acting on the furnace wall is weak Apply a sheet with less thickness or use fewer sheets.

  Further, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 to 10 described above, an example in which the pressure distribution and the pressure change are measured when the pressure sensor sheet 24 is used under the condition that the intermediate movable wall does not move to the side (fixed) is described. However, the same measurement can be performed under the condition that the intermediate movable wall is moved in the width direction.

  In the embodiment using this pressure sensor sheet, the load acting on the side wall surface can be measured continuously in time within the measurement range of the sensor sheet. For this reason, the measurement using the pressure sensor sheet is performed under the conditions that assume the projections of various shapes and the positions in the carbonization chamber, so that the local concentrated load that is estimated to be generated in the part where the furnace wall is uneven is determined. The distribution can be evaluated quantitatively and continuously in time, the extrusion load during coke extrusion can be estimated more accurately, and aging progresses. Since the limit load at which the furnace wall of the coke oven is broken can be accurately estimated, it is possible to more reliably prevent the occurrence of troubles such as broken bricks and furnace wall breakage.

In the above description, the case where the protrusion is directly formed as a protrusion has been described. However, as shown in FIG. 12, the protrusion can be combined and used as a part of the recess, and this apparatus is used to evaluate the recess shape. be able to.
Moreover, the side panel which forms a side wall can also change the friction state of a surface by changing a material and surface shape. As the bottom surface in contact with the coke, the surface of the base can be used, but in order to obtain a predetermined friction state, a bottom can be provided separately from the base.

It is a top view of the evaluation apparatus of the coke extrusion load which shows an example of embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the evaluation apparatus of the coke extrusion load of FIG. It is a figure explaining the form of the protrusion used in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating embodiment of this invention, (a) is a schematic diagram during coke extrusion, (b) is a figure of an example of a measurement result when an intermediate | middle movable wall does not move. It is an example of the measurement result when the intermediate movable wall moves similarly. It is a figure which shows an example of the information obtained from the measurement by the evaluation apparatus which concerns on an example of embodiment of this invention, and shows the relationship between the displacement of a distance between walls, the load required to get over a protrusion, and the total load which acts on a right side wall. FIG. It is a figure explaining the other example which further used the sheet-like pressure detection means. It is a figure which shows an example of the measurement result of the load distribution by the pressure sensor sheet | seat in an initial state when a coke cake passes the slope of a protrusion in another example. Similarly, it is a figure which shows an example of the measurement result in the state in the middle. Similarly, it is a figure which shows an example of the measurement result in the state in which the coke cake got over the slope of a protrusion. It is a figure which shows an example of the information obtained from the measurement by the evaluation apparatus which concerns on the other example of embodiment of this invention, and acts on the movement distance of a coke cake, the contact area of a projection surface and a coke cake, and a projection surface It is a figure which shows the relationship with the whole load and contact pressure. Similarly, it is a figure which shows the relationship between the moving distance of a coke cake, and the load which acts per sensor cell. It is a figure which shows an example of the attachment structure of a side panel. It is a figure explaining the other example of embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the measuring apparatus of the conventional coke extrusion load.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydraulic cylinder for extrusion 2 Coke cake for test 3 Hydraulic cylinder for reaction force addition 4 Hydraulic cylinder for side 5 Side panel 6 Intermediate movable wall 7 Side support 8 Position detector 9 Protrusion 10 Cylinder head 11 Front of front and rear panels Panel 12 Rear panel of front and rear panels 13 Position detector 14 Base 15 Extrusion hydraulic cylinder support 16 Reaction force application hydraulic cylinder support 17, 18 Load cell 19 Linear motion guide (LM guide)
20 LM Guide Support 21 Roller 22 Slope of Projection 23 Horizontal Surface of Projection 24 Pressure Sensor Sheet 25 Protection Sheet 26 Sensor Connector 27 Sensor Connector Control / Data Recording System

Claims (9)

  In the method of evaluating the coke extrusion load by extruding a test coke placed between the left and right side walls from one side to the other along the side wall and measuring the force applied to the left and right side walls during extrusion. -When extruding coke, extrude while applying a reaction force to the coke, and extrude so that at least one of the left and right side walls is displaced in a direction perpendicular to the extruding direction of the coke cake when a certain level of force is applied. Measure the force acting on the left and right side walls when the coke moves, the pushing force when pushing, and the receiving force when acting the reaction force, and based on these measured values and the reaction force value A method for evaluating a coke extrusion load, characterized by evaluating an extrusion load when a side wall is displaced.   2. The method for evaluating a coke extrusion load according to claim 1, wherein a projection is provided on at least one of the side walls, and the extrusion load when the coke gets over the projection is evaluated.   When extruding coke, a load is loaded on the coke to extrude, and in addition to the measured value and the reaction force value, the load is further added to evaluate the extruding load. The evaluation method of the coke extrusion load of 1 or 2.   Between the side wall and the coke, a sheet-like load detecting means capable of continuously measuring a change in load at an arbitrary position in the detection region is disposed, and by the sheet-like load detecting means, The distribution of the force applied to the side wall and the change in load at an arbitrary position are continuously measured, and in addition to the measured value and the reaction force value, the measurement result of the sheet-like load detecting means is further obtained. The evaluation method of coke extrusion load according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the extrusion load is evaluated in addition. Front and rear supports installed at intervals in the coke extrusion direction;
Coke extrusion means disposed on one side of the front and rear supports;
A reaction force applying means that is disposed on the other side of the front and rear supports, and applies a reaction force against the extrusion force by the coke extrusion means during coke extrusion to the coke ;
The left and right supports disposed opposite to each other with a space between the front and rear supports, and the left and right supports are supported so as to face each other, and are supported so as to be movable in the facing direction. With walls,
Means for moving the intermediate movable wall when a force greater than a set value is applied to the intermediate movable wall;
Left and right side walls that are arranged so as to face the intermediate movable wall so as to form a coke extrusion space inside, can be moved in the opposite direction, and cannot be moved in the coke extrusion direction,
Front and rear movable walls disposed in front and rear in the extrusion direction so as to surround the test coke disposed between the left and right side walls, and having a width smaller than the interval between the left and right side walls;
Load detecting means installed between the intermediate movable wall and the side wall, between the pushing means and the movable wall, and between the reaction force applying means and the movable wall;
And a coke extrusion load evaluation device.   6. The apparatus for evaluating a coke extrusion load according to claim 5, wherein a protrusion having a slope continuous from the facing surface is provided on a surface of at least one of the side walls facing the coke.   The coke extrusion load evaluation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the protrusion is installed on a side wall so that the position can be arbitrarily changed.   A sheet-like load detecting means capable of continuously measuring a change in load at an arbitrary position in the detection region in time is further disposed between the coke and the left and right side walls. The evaluation apparatus for coke extrusion loads according to any one of Items 5 to 7.   The apparatus for evaluating a coke extrusion load according to any one of claims 5 to 8, further comprising a load loaded on the coke.

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