JP5108781B2 - 悪性新形成の治療 - Google Patents
悪性新形成の治療 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5108781B2 JP5108781B2 JP2008541658A JP2008541658A JP5108781B2 JP 5108781 B2 JP5108781 B2 JP 5108781B2 JP 2008541658 A JP2008541658 A JP 2008541658A JP 2008541658 A JP2008541658 A JP 2008541658A JP 5108781 B2 JP5108781 B2 JP 5108781B2
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Description
Xは、L−フェニルアラニンに、その芳香環内の3(メタ)位又は4(パラ)位において結合したヨウ素であり、
R1は、H、アルキル基、アミノ酸、ペプチド、タンパク質、又は腫瘍ターゲッティングを促進又は向上することが知られている他の残基であり、
R2は、OH、アミノ酸、又は腫瘍ターゲッティングを促進又は向上することが知られている他の残基である)
によって表される。
実施例において用いられた3−ヨード−L−フェニルアラニン(3−IPA)、4−[123I]ヨード−L−フェニルアラニン及び4−ヨード−L−フェニルアラニン(IPA)は、商業的に購入されたものか、又は文献中に以前記載されたように前もって合成されたものであった。他の方法で記載しない限り、全ての他の化学物質及び溶媒は、分析グレードである。
細胞株及び細胞培養物
5種類のヒトグリオーマ細胞株、1種類のラットグリオーマ細胞株、2種類のヒト前立腺癌細胞株、並びに1種類のヒト乳癌細胞株及びメラノーマ細胞株が、調査された。ヒトグリア芽腫細胞株Tx3868及びT5135(原発性多形ヒト芽腫からのもの)、及びラットC6グリオーマ細胞は、University of the Saarland(Homburg、ドイツ)のInstitute of Human Geneticsから提供された。A1207、M059K及びU373MGと称されるヒト高グレードグリオーマ細胞、ヒト前立腺癌細胞PC3及びDU425、膵臓カルシノーマ細胞株PanC1、ヒト乳癌細胞株MCF−07(American Type Culture Collection、Reclville、MD)及び膵臓カルシノーマ細胞株PaCa44(ドイツのマインツのDr.Bulow、Mainzによって確立された)、並びにメラノーマ細胞株SK−MEL25及びA101Dは、商業的に購入されたか、又はUniversity Medical Center of Saarland(Homburg、ドイツ)の癌研究所から提供されたものであった。細胞は、それぞれ、10%(v/v)加熱不活性化ウシ胎仔血清(FCS)、ペニシリン(50U/ml)、ストレプトマイシン(50μg/ml)及びインスリン(50μg/ml;PromoCell、ハイデルベルグ、ドイツ)で補充された、RPMI−1640培地又はDulbeccoの修飾Eagle培地(ピルビン酸ナトリウム不含有、L−グルコース及びピリドキシン補充)中で培養された。全ての細胞株は、37℃で加湿されたインキュベーター(5%CO2)中の適切なフラスコ中で維持された。実験の前に、サブコンフルエント(subconfluent)な細胞培養物が、研究に依存して、血球計算板上で生体染色によって計数された後に、0.02%EDTAを含有するがCa2+およびMg2+を含有しない0.05%トリプシンを用いてトリプシン処理され、新鮮な培地中に再懸濁されて種々の細胞濃度にされた。細胞は、マイコプラズマを含まなかった。細胞の生存度は>95%であった。
内面化(internalisation)実験の例
取込み実験が、提案されたL−フェニルアラニン誘導体の、提案されたヒト腫瘍への親和性を評価するために、そしてそれらの in vitro での治療活性を評価するために行なわれた。
3/4−ヨード−L−フェニルアラニンを用いた処置の後の細胞生存率の評価。細胞のコンフルエントなローン(lawn)を発生させた後、その培養物が、0.1〜5μmol/mlの対応する医薬に48時間まで、37℃/5%CO2で暴露された。並行した実験においては、細胞生存率の比較のため、細胞が、6−MeVの線形加速器を用いて、2〜15Gyの量で放射線照射されるか、又はIPA−131で処置された。グリオーマ細胞の形態を観測できるように、細胞は、標準ガラススライド上又は標準培養皿上で増殖された。次いで、培地が除かれ、細胞が、フローサイトメトリー分析のために、染色の後に氷上で70%エタノール中で少なくとも30分間固定されるか、又は免疫組織病理学的分析のため、4%中性緩衝化ホルマリン中で固定された。
腫瘍モデル
グリオーマにおける4−ヨード−L−フェニルアラニン(IPA)の治療的効力を評価するため、in vivo 実験が、RNUラットの頭蓋内ヒトグリオーマモデルにおいて行なわれた。原発性ヒトA1207及びT3868グリア芽腫細胞(0.5×106細胞)が、抱水クロラール麻酔のもとで、RNUラットの右前頭領域に定位的にインプラントされた(矢状縫合とブレグマ縫合の交差点の2mm後部及び2mm横で、5mmの深さ)。頭蓋骨局部切除部が、骨ワックスで再封止され、頭皮が閉じられた。
形態学及び組織学試験
標準ガラススライド上で増殖されたヒト腫瘍細胞が、4%中性緩衝化ホルマリン中で固定され、Giemsa法を用いて染色された。細胞数が、10回の連続的な高出力領域(×40)で計算された。
統計学的分析
実験群の間の相違の統計学的有為性は、スチューデントt検定により決定された。0.05未満のp値が、有意とされた。
結果及び考察
In vitro 研究
図1〜3は、ヒト腫瘍細胞におけるIPAの取込み速度論の例を示す。ガンマカウンターを用い、定量を促進するために、放射標識誘導体4−[123I]ヨード−L−フェニルアラニンが用いられた。示されているように、IPAはヒト腫瘍細胞における高い取込みを示し、検討期間にわたって連続した増加を示す。この結果は、提案された放射性医薬品の、ヒト悪性グリオーマ、膵臓カルシノーマ、前立腺及び乳癌を含むヒト腫瘍に対する高い親和性の証拠を提供する。
A1207グリア芽腫を有する6匹の無処置ラットの内の5匹は、インプランテーションの12〜22日後に死亡し、T3868を有する6匹のコントロールラットの内の4匹は、28日以内に死亡した。バイオプシー後の薄い脳切片の組織学的な試験は、典型的なグリア芽腫特性を有する腫瘍を確認した。対して、9匹の内の6匹及び9匹の内の7匹のラットは、それぞれ、IPAによる処置により(1及び5mg/kg)、第28日にまだ生存していた。
Claims (19)
- 3−ヨード−L−フェニルアラニン又は4−ヨード−L−フェニルアラニンであるハロゲン化−L−フェニルアラニンを含む、悪性新形成を治療するための医薬組成物。
- 前記医薬組成物中の3−ヨード−L−フェニルアラニン又は4−ヨード−L−フェニルアラニンが、治療される対象に0.001〜100mg/kg対象体重の投与量で投与される、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 当該ハロゲン化−L−フェニルアラニンが4−ヨード−L−フェニルアラニンである、請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- 悪性新形成が、悪性グリオーマ、多発性骨髄腫、悪性メラノーマ、前立腺癌及び乳癌からなる群から選択される、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 当該グリオーマが、グリア芽腫、アストロザイトーマ(astrozytoma)、オリゴアストロザイトーマ(oligoastrozytoma)及び上衣腫からなる群から選択される、請求項4に記載の組成物。
- 新形成の悪性細胞又は組織に対して、放射線増感作用、細胞増殖抑制作用、及び/又は化学療法又は放射線治療に対する獲得された又は本質的な細胞耐性の状態を元に戻す作用を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 化学療法剤、免疫療法剤、遺伝子治療剤、ワクチン剤、アンチセンスヌクレオチド治療剤、siRNA治療剤、及び/又は内部放射線治療剤をさらに含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- その後に経皮的に放射線照射される患者に投与されるものである、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 静脈内投与又は経口投与される、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 単回投与として一回投与されるか、2〜60の分画投与の分画投与として投与されるか、又は疾患が再度進行するまで若しくは対象の死亡まで毎日与えられる連続投与として投与される、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 対象が、前記組成物による治療に加えて、外科的治療、化学療法、内部又は外部放射線治療、免疫療法、遺伝子治療、ワクチン治療、アンチセンスヌクレオチド治療、siRNA治療、腔内照射療法又はデバイスベース治療からなる群から選択される付随治療によって処置される、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 付随治療が、前記組成物の投与の後に対象を経皮的に放射線照射する工程を含む外部放射線治療である、請求項11に記載の組成物。
- 放射線照射の工程が、前記組成物の投与の後0〜7日間行なわれる、請求項12に記載の組成物。
- 放射線照射の工程が、1〜100Gyの量の患者の累積外部照射で行なわれる、請求項13に記載の組成物。
- 当該付随治療が、化学療法剤、免疫療法剤、遺伝子治療剤、アンチセンスヌクレオチド治療剤、siRNA治療剤、ワクチン剤、及び/又は内部放射線治療剤の投与、又は放射性デバイスのインプラントを含む、請求項11に記載の組成物。
- 化学療法剤、免疫療法剤、遺伝子治療剤、アンチセンスヌクレオチド治療剤、siRNA治療剤、ワクチン剤、及び/又は内部放射線治療剤の投与が、前記組成物の投与の前に、同時に、及び/又は後に行なわれる、請求項15に記載の組成物。
- 対象がヒト対象である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 当該ヨウ素が、安定な非放射性[127I]ヨウ素同位体である、請求項1〜17のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 担体、安定化剤及び/又は賦形剤の適切な製剤をさらに含む、請求項18に記載の医薬組成物。
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