JP5108469B2 - Damping device and building - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vibration damping device for suppressing shaking of a building or equipment caused by an earthquake, wind, traffic vibration, or the like, and a damping building provided with the same.

  Conventionally, a vibration control device that reduces the shaking of a building caused by an earthquake or the like is known (see Patent Document 1).

  Conventionally, vibration damping devices that are generally used are set so as to function in accordance with the period of the target earthquake, so that the energy absorption function cannot be sufficiently activated for earthquakes with different periods.

On the other hand, in the vibration damping device disclosed in Patent Document 1, in order to make the vibration damping function work effectively even for a shake smaller than the magnitude of the targeted earthquake, the vibration of the vibration damping member is caused by the principle of a pendulum. It amplifies and absorbs energy.
JP 2006-132183 A

  However, even with the vibration control device of Patent Document 1, the vibration control function can be effectively exerted for the target earthquake and a slightly smaller shake, but vibration such as a medium-scale earthquake and a large-scale earthquake is possible. It is hard to say that the vibration control function can be effectively demonstrated for any earthquake with a large scale.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a vibration damping device that can widely cope with earthquakes of various scales and periods, and a vibration damping building equipped with the vibration damping device.

  In order to achieve the above object, a vibration damping device according to the present invention includes a pair of mounting surface portions that are spaced apart in a state in which relative displacement is allowed, and a first vibration damping device that is disposed between the mounting surface portions. And a second damping member disposed between the mounting surface portions, and a relative displacement between the mounting surface portions at the time of starting deformation of the second damping member is determined by the first damping member. It is set so that it may become larger than the relative displacement between the said mounting surface parts at the time of a deformation | transformation start.

  For example, the relative displacement in the surface direction is constrained with respect to each of the pair of mounting surface portions and the mounting surface portions that are spaced apart in a state where relative displacement in the surface direction of the substantially parallel surfaces facing each other is allowed. The first vibration damping member to which both end portions are attached via the restraining portion and the attachment surface portion, one end portion is restrained from relative displacement in the surface direction and the other end portion And a second damping member attached in a state where relative displacement in the surface direction is allowed, and the relative displacement between the attachment surface portions at the time of starting deformation of the second damping member is the first damping member. It can set so that it may become larger than the relative displacement between the said mounting surface parts at the time of a deformation | transformation start time of 1 damping member.

  Further, in addition to the vibration damping member, the first and second vibration damping members may include a vibration damping member that is different in relative displacement between the mounting surface portions at the time of starting deformation.

  The first damping member is formed in a cylindrical shape, the restraining portion is fixed to the mounting surface portion as a ring member for restraining the outer periphery of the cylindrical shape, and the second damping member is the cylindrical shape. Are arranged in a columnar shape at the center of each of them, one end is fixed to one mounting surface, the other end is separated from the other mounting surface, and the relative displacement between the mounting surfaces is predetermined. The inner surface of the first vibration damping member and the outer surface of the second vibration damping member so that the second vibration damping member comes into contact with the first vibration damping member and the deformation starts when the value exceeds the value. It is possible to adopt a configuration in which the interval is set.

  Further, the restraining portions arranged at both ends of the first damping member have a fixing plate and a bolt, one end of the fixing plate is joined to the damping member, and the other end is attached by the bolt. While being fixed to the surface portion, one end portion of the second vibration damping member is fixed to one of the mounting surface portions in the same manner as the restraining portion, and the other end portion is a long hole whose surface direction is the longitudinal direction. The other end of the attachment plate can be attached to the other attachment surface portion by a bolt through the elongated hole.

  The vibration-damping building of the present invention is characterized in that the vibration-damping device according to any one of the above is provided in at least one place between the foundation of the building, the first floor, and the floor.

  The vibration damping device of the present invention configured as described above includes at least two vibration damping members, and the relative displacement between the mounting surface portions at the time of starting deformation of each vibration damping member is different.

  For this reason, energy is absorbed by the damping function of the first damping member for medium-scale earthquakes, and energy is absorbed by the damping function of the first and second damping members for large-scale earthquakes. The vibration control function can be effectively exhibited for a plurality of earthquakes having different scales and periods.

  In addition, if three or more damping members having different deformation start points are arranged in this way, a wide range of damping functions can be exhibited against more earthquakes.

  Further, a columnar damping member having one end separated from the mounting surface portion is disposed in the first damping member formed in a cylindrical shape, and the first damping member and the second damping member are arranged. The deformation start time of the second damping member is adjusted by the interval.

  In this way, if it is possible to cope with a plurality of earthquakes only by adjusting the interval between the two damping members, the damping performance can be easily adjusted.

  Further, if one end of the second damping member is attached to the attachment surface portion through the elongated hole, the second damping member is provided if the relative displacement between the attachment surface portions caused by the earthquake is within the range of the elongated hole. The vibration control member is not deformed, and the second vibration control member can be operated during a large-scale earthquake that generates a relative displacement exceeding the range of the long hole.

  With such a configuration, it is possible to easily manufacture a vibration damping device that can absorb energy in stages according to the magnitude of the earthquake.

  Furthermore, if it is a vibration control building with such a vibration control device between the foundation and the first floor or between floors, it can absorb energy effectively even for earthquakes of various scales and periods. Can be demonstrated.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of a vibration damping device 1 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a unit building 5 as a vibration damping building in which the vibration damping device 1 is arranged. It is.

  First, the structure of the unit building 5 will be described. This unit building 5 is a building such as a detached house constructed by installing a plurality of rectangular box-shaped building units 52 vertically and horizontally as shown in FIG. is there. That is, in the unit building 5 shown in FIG. 2, four building units 52,... Are arranged as the first floor 53 on the foundation 51, and the four building units 52,. It is constructed by placing ...

  And four damping devices 1 are arranged between the foundation 51 and the floor of the first floor 53, and four between the ceiling of the first floor 53 and the floor of the second floor 54, respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the vibration damping device 1 includes flanges 2A and 2B that are disposed substantially in parallel as a pair of mounting surface portions, and a cylindrical first vibration damping member that is disposed between the flanges 2A and 2B. As a cylindrical damping material 3, holding rings 31, 31 as restraining portions fixed to the lower surface of the flange 2 </ b> A and the upper surface of the flange 2 </ b> B, and a columnar second material disposed inside the cylindrical damping material 3. It is mainly comprised from the columnar damping material 4 as a damping member.

These flanges 2A and 2B are plate materials that are respectively attached to the upper floor side and the lower floor side (foundation side), and have a general structural rolled steel material that has high rigidity so that expansion and contraction does not occur inside due to a load acting during an earthquake (for example, Yield stress is about 215 to 245 N / mm ² ). These flanges 2A and 2B are mounted at positions where the upper floor side and the lower floor side (foundation side) are relatively displaced in the surface direction of the flanges 2A and 2B in the event of an earthquake, and the flanges 2A and 2B except for the vibration damping member No member is provided to limit the relative displacement between them, and the occurrence of relative displacement in the surface direction is allowed.

  Further, the holding ring 31 is formed in a ring shape with a steel material having high rigidity similarly to the flanges 2 </ b> A and 2 </ b> B, and the inner circumference thereof is substantially the same shape as the outer circumference of the cylindrical damping material 3. The retaining rings 31 are fixed to predetermined positions on the lower surface of the flange 2A and the upper surface of the flange 2B by welding or the like. The flanges 2A and 2B and the holding rings 31 and 31 can be integrally formed.

Moreover, the cylindrical damping material 3 and the columnar damping material 4 are formed of low yield point steel having a yield stress of about 80 to 120 N / mm ² . These two damping members may use the same material, or may use materials having different yield stresses.

  Furthermore, the cylindrical damping material 3 is formed to a height that matches the interval between the flanges 2A and 2B. The cylindrical damping material 3 is assembled by fitting the end portions thereof to the inner circumferences of the holding rings 31 and 31 fixed to the flanges 2A and 2B.

  Since the holding rings 31, 31 surround the outer periphery of the cylindrical damping material 3, the relative displacement in the surface direction of the cylindrical damping material 3 with respect to the flanges 2 </ b> A, 2 </ b> B is restricted.

  Further, the columnar damping material 4 disposed substantially at the center of the cylindrical damping material 3 is formed to have a shorter length than the cylindrical damping material 3, and the upper end is fixed to the lower surface of the upper flange 2A. Yes. As shown in FIG. 3A, the lower end of the columnar damping material 4 is separated from the upper surface of the lower flange 2B, and the columnar damping material 4 is suspended from the upper flange 2A. It is in such a state.

  Here, the upper end of the columnar damping material 4 is fixed to the upper flange 2A. However, the lower end of the columnar damping material 4 is fixed to the lower flange 2B, and the upper end is separated from the lower surface of the flange 2A. Also good.

  Moreover, the space | interval of the internal peripheral surface of the cylindrical damping material 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the columnar damping material 4 changes the internal diameter of the cylindrical damping material 3 and the diameter of the columnar damping material 4 based on the effect | action mentioned later. Thus, it can be appropriately adjusted.

  Next, the operation of the vibration damping device 1 of the present embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing each state of the vibration damping device 1 according to the magnitude of relative displacement between the flanges 2A and 2B generated by an earthquake in four stages.

  FIG. 3A shows a normal state in which no earthquake occurs. In this state, the upper flange 2A is positioned directly above the lower flange 2B, and no relative displacement occurs between the flanges 2A and 2B. And the cylindrical damping material 3 and the columnar damping material 4 are not deformed, and both have not reached the deformation start point.

  FIG. 3B shows a state where a small-scale to medium-scale earthquake has occurred. In this state, the upper flange 2A is slightly shifted to the right with respect to the lower flange 2B, and a small relative displacement occurs between the flanges 2A and 2B. The cylindrical damping material 3 is bent and deformed at the boundary between the holding rings 31 and 31, and the deformation start time has passed, but the columnar damping material 4 suspended in the center is not deformed and the deformation starting time is reached. It has not reached.

  Next, FIG. 3C shows a state in which a large-scale earthquake has occurred. In this state, the upper flange 2A is shifted to the right with respect to the lower flange 2B, and a relative displacement is generated between the flanges 2A and 2B. The deformation of the cylindrical damping material 3 is larger than that in the state of FIG. 3B, and the outer circumferential surface of the columnar damping material 4 is in contact with the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical damping material 3, and a little more than this. However, since the deformation of the columnar damping material 4 is started when the relative displacement between the flanges 2A and 2B is increased, this state can be said to be immediately before the start of the deformation.

  Finally, FIG. 3D shows a state in which a large-scale earthquake has occurred. In this state, the upper flange 2A is greatly displaced to the right with respect to the lower flange 2B, and a large relative displacement is generated between the flanges 2A and 2B. The deformation of the cylindrical damping material 3 is further increased, and the columnar damping material 4 in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical damping material 3 is also deformed, and the deformation start point has passed.

  Refer to FIG. 4 showing the hysteresis characteristics of the load and deformation amount of the vibration damping device 1 to see how earthquake energy is absorbed by the deformation of the cylindrical damping material 4 and the columnar damping material 3. While explaining.

  That is, FIG. 4 is a curve showing the relationship between the amount of deformation of the vibration damping device 1 and the load applied to generate the amount of deformation, in other words, the resistance force of the vibration damping device 1. Here, the deformation history of the cylindrical damping material 3 is indicated by a solid first loop S1, and the deformation history of the columnar damping material 4 is indicated by a broken second loop S2.

  The area surrounded by the rhombic first loop S1 corresponds to the amount of energy absorbed by the cylindrical damping material 3, and the area surrounded by the second loop S2 is the columnar damping material 4. This corresponds to the amount of energy absorbed.

  4 will be described together with the respective states of FIG. 3. From FIG. 3A to FIG. 3C, only the cylindrical damping material 3 is deformed and the columnar damping material 4 is deformed. Since there is no, a loop is formed within the first deformation amount D1 to absorb the energy of the earthquake.

  Subsequently, in FIGS. 3C to 3D, since the columnar damping material 4 is also deformed in addition to the cylindrical damping material 3, a loop is formed up to the second deformation amount D2, and the cylindrical damping material 4 is deformed. Both the damping material 3 and the columnar damping material 4 absorb the energy of the earthquake.

  The vibration damping device 1 of the present embodiment configured as described above includes two vibration damping members (a cylindrical vibration damping material 3 and a columnar vibration damping material 4), and flanges at the time of starting deformation of the vibration damping members. The relative displacement between 2A and 2B is different.

  For this reason, energy is absorbed by the damping function of the cylindrical damping material 3 for medium-scale earthquakes, and the damping function of the cylindrical damping material 3 and the columnar damping material 4 for large-scale earthquakes. It can effectively exhibit the damping function in multiple stages against multiple earthquakes with different scales and periods, such as absorbing energy.

  In addition, a columnar damping material 4 having an upper end fixed to the flange 2A and a lower end spaced apart from the flange 2B is disposed inside the cylindrical damping material 3, and depending on the interval between the cylindrical damping material 3 and the columnar damping material 4 The deformation start time of the columnar damping material 4 is adjusted.

  That is, if the interval between the cylindrical damping material 3 and the columnar damping material 4 is wide, the deformation start time of the columnar damping material 4 is delayed, and if the interval is narrow, the deformation starting time of the columnar damping material 4 is earlier. Therefore, it is possible to easily set the scale or period of the earthquake from which the second damping member is operated by simply adjusting the interval.

  In addition, if only one type of damping member (cylindrical damping material 3) is used, there is a risk that the deformation of the building will increase suddenly if the scale of the target earthquake is exceeded. By providing the vibration member (columnar damping material 4), it is possible to prevent the unit building 5 from being excessively deformed.

  Furthermore, when a single type of damping member is used such as a cylindrical damping material 3 and a columnar damping material 4 so as to be able to cope with a large-scale earthquake, the damping member is used for medium-scale or small-scale earthquakes. Although it is difficult to fully operate the cylinder, it is possible to reliably operate the damping member even for medium-scale and small-scale earthquakes by separating the cylindrical damping material 3 and the columnar damping material 4 at different deformation start points. Can be made.

  In this way, if it is possible to cope with a plurality of earthquakes only by adjusting the interval between the cylindrical damping material 3 and the columnar damping material 4, the damping performance can be easily adjusted.

  Furthermore, by arranging such vibration control devices 1,... Between the foundation 51 and the first floor part 53 or between the first floor part 53 and the second floor part 54, it is possible to deal with earthquakes of various scales and periods. The unit building 5 can absorb the energy accurately step by step and sufficiently exhibit the vibration control function.

  Hereinafter, an example of a mode different from the above-described embodiment will be described. The description of the same or equivalent parts as those described in the above embodiment will be given the same reference numerals.

  FIG. 5 is a side view illustrating the configuration of the vibration damping device 6 described in this embodiment.

  This vibration damping device 6 includes flanges 7A and 7B that are disposed substantially in parallel as a pair of mounting surface portions, a vibration damping plate 8 that is a first vibration damping member that is disposed between the flanges 7A and 7B, and a vibration damping plate 8 Restraining portions 81 and 81 joined to both ends of the vibration plate 8 and fixed to the flanges 7A and 7B, and a vibration control plate 9 as a second vibration control member disposed between the flanges 7A and 7B, It is mainly composed of a restraining portion 91 joined to one end of the damping plate 9 and a deformation allowing portion 92 joined to the other end.

  The flanges 7A and 7B are formed with opposed surfaces 71 and 71 that are substantially parallel to each other and side surfaces 72 and 72 that are substantially orthogonal to the opposed surfaces 71 and 71, respectively. It is made of steel with high rigidity.

  Further, the damping plates 8 and 9 are formed of low yield point steel as described in the above embodiment. The two damping plates 8 and 9 may be formed of the same material, or may be formed of materials having different yield stresses.

  Further, the restraining portion 81 includes a fixing plate 81a formed of a steel material having high rigidity such as a general structural rolled steel material, and bolts 81b and 81b for fixing the fixing plate 81a to the flanges 7A and 7B. Yes.

  One end of the fixing plate 81a is joined to the end of the damping plate 8 by welding or the like, and the other end is frictionally joined to the side surfaces 72, 72 of the flanges 7A, 7B by bolts 81b,.

  Further, the restraining portion 91 joined to one end portion of the second damping plate 9 has the same configuration as the restraining portion 81 described above, and includes a fixing plate 91a and a bolt 91b.

  On the other hand, the deformation | transformation permission part 92 joined to the other edge part of the damping plate 9 has the attachment board 92a in which the long hole 92c was formed, and the volt | bolt 92b.

  The long holes 92c and 92c formed in the mounting plate 92a are substantially rectangular holes whose longitudinal direction is substantially parallel to the surface direction of the facing surface 71 of the flange 7B, and are joined to the damping plate 9 of the mounting plate 92a. It is provided in the vicinity of the end portion on the opposite side to the end portion.

  The bolts 92b and 92b passed through the elongated holes 92c and 92c are fixed to the side surface 72 of the flange 7B.

  The state of the vibration damping device 6 configured as described above in FIG. 5 shows a normal state where no earthquake occurs. In this state, the upper flange 7A is positioned directly above the lower flange 7B, and no relative displacement is generated between the flanges 7A and 7B. And the two damping plates 8 and 9 arrange | positioned in parallel are not deform | transforming in this state, and both have not reached the deformation | transformation start time. Moreover, the bolts 92b and 92b of the deformation | transformation permission part 92 are located in the approximate center of the long holes 92c and 92c, respectively.

  Subsequently, the state shown in FIG. 6 shows a state where a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake has occurred. In this state, the upper flange 7A is shifted to the right with respect to the lower flange 7B, and a relative displacement is generated between the flanges 7A and 7B. The first damping plate 8 has been deformed and the deformation start time has passed, but the second damping plate 9 has moved the mounting plate 92a in the plane direction within the range of the long holes 92c, 92c. Thus, no relative displacement occurs between the upper flange 7A to which the restricting portion 91 is fixed, and the vibration control plate 9 moved along with the restricting portion 91 is not deformed and the deformation start point is not reached.

  When the relative displacement between the flanges 7A and 7B becomes larger than that in the state of FIG. 6, the mounting plate 92a cannot be slid within the range of the elongated holes 92c and 92c. Therefore, the deformation of the damping plate 9 is started.

  Next, the operation of the vibration damping device 6 of this embodiment will be described.

  In the vibration damping device 6 of the present embodiment configured as described above, one end of the second vibration damping plate 9 is attached to the side surface 72 of the flange 7B through the long holes 92c and 92c provided in the attachment plate 92a. ing.

  For this reason, even if a relative displacement occurs between the flanges 7A and 7B due to the shaking of the earthquake, if the relative displacement is within the range of the long holes 92c and 92c, the second damping plate 9 is not deformed, and the long hole The second damping plate 9 is deformed and operates as a damping member during a large-scale earthquake that generates a relative displacement exceeding the range of 92c and 92c.

  And if it is such a structure, the damping device 6 which can absorb energy in steps according to the magnitude | size of an earthquake can be manufactured easily.

  Other configurations and functions and effects are substantially the same as those in the above-described embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  The best embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment and example, and the design does not depart from the gist of the present invention. Such modifications are included in the present invention.

  For example, in the embodiments and examples, the flanges 2A, 2B, 7A, and 7B are used as the mounting surface portion. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the foundation 51 surface and the floor lower surface of the building are highly rigid. If there is, it can be used as it is as the mounting surface.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment and Example, although the case where low yield point steel was used as a damping member was demonstrated, it is not limited to this, High damping rubber, viscoelastic rubber, etc. are used as a damping member. It can also be used. Furthermore, different types of damping members can be combined, such as the first damping member being a high damping rubber and the second damping member being a low yield point steel.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment and examples, the case where two vibration damping members are arranged has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and three or more vibration damping members having different deformation start points may be arranged. it can. Thus, by arranging a large number of damping members having different deformation start points, a wide range of damping functions can be exhibited for earthquakes of various scales or periods.

  And in the said embodiment, although damping device 1, ... was each arrange | positioned between the foundation 51 and the 1st floor part 53, and between the 1st floor part 53 and the 2nd floor part 54, it is limited to this. For example, the vibration control devices 1,... May be arranged only between the first floor 53 and the second floor 54. Further, the position or number of the vibration damping devices 1 and 6 can be appropriately adjusted so as to obtain a desired damping effect.

  In the above embodiment, the retaining ring 31 is used as the restraining portion. In the above embodiment, the damping plates 8 and 9 are fixed to the flanges 7A and 7B by the restraining portions 81 and 91. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Alternatively, the end surfaces of the cylindrical damping material 3 and the damping plates 8 and 9 may be directly joined to the flanges 2A, 2B, 7A, and 7B as the restraining portion.

It is a perspective view explaining the structure of the vibration damping device of the best embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view explaining the schematic structure of a unit building typically. It is sectional drawing explaining the state of the damping device in four steps from which the relative displacement between flanges differs. It is the figure which showed the log | history characteristic of the load and deformation amount of a damping device. It is a side view explaining the structure of the damping device of an Example. It is a side view explaining the state of the damping device at the time of the earthquake of an Example.

Explanation of symbols

1 Damping device 2A, 2B Flange (Mounting surface)
3 Cylindrical damping material (first damping member)
31 Retaining ring (restraint)
4 Columnar damping material (second damping member)
5 Unit building (damping building)
51 Foundation 53 First floor 54 Second floor 6 Damping device 7A, 7B Flange (Mounting surface)
8 Damping plate (first damping member)
81 Constraint portion 81a Fixing plate 81b Bolt 9 Damping plate (second damping member)
91 Constraint portion 91a Fixing plate 91b Bolt 92 Deformation allowing portion 92a Mounting plate 92b Bolt 92c Elongated hole

Claims (4)

A pair of mounting surface portions arranged at intervals in a state where relative displacement in the surface direction of the substantially parallel surfaces facing each other is allowed;
A first damping member to which end portions on both sides are attached to each of the attachment surface portions via a restraining portion that restrains relative displacement in the surface direction;
A second vibration damping device in which one end portion is restrained from relative displacement in the surface direction and the other end portion is attached in a state in which relative displacement in the surface direction is allowed to each of the attachment surface portions. With members,
The relative displacement between the attachment face portion of the deformation starting point of the second damping member, the first of said attachment surface portion relative displacement than larger as set Ru damping between the deformation starting point of the damping member A device,
The first damping member is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the restraining portion is fixed to the pair of mounting surface portions as a ring member for restraining the outer periphery of the cylindrical shape,
The second vibration damping member has one end fixed to one mounting surface portion so as to be disposed in a columnar shape at the substantially center of the cylindrical shape,
By fitting and assembling the end portion of the first damping member formed in the cylindrical shape on the inner periphery of the ring member, the other end portion of the second damping member is connected to the other mounting surface portion. Will be separated,
The distance between the inner surface of the first damping member and the outer surface of the second damping member is such that when the relative displacement between the mounting surface portions exceeds a predetermined value, the second damping member causes the first damping member to move to the first damping member. A vibration damping device, wherein the vibration damping device is set so as to contact the vibration member and start deformation . In addition to the damping member, to claim 1, wherein the first and the second damping member having a relative displacement between the attachment face portion of the deformation starting point and a different vibration damping member The vibration damping device described. The damping device according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the first and second damping members are formed of low yield point steel. A vibration-damping building comprising the vibration-damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 at least at one place between the foundation of the building, the first floor, and the floor.

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