JP5107132B2 - Ophthalmic equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an ophthalmic apparatus.

  In an ophthalmologic apparatus that positions an ophthalmologic unit with respect to the eye to be examined and measures, examines, or treats the eye, the eye is fixed and the ophthalmic unit is moved while checking the relative position with respect to the eye on the monitor. To align with the eye to be examined. In an ophthalmologic apparatus, normally, in order to accurately detect the position of the eye to be examined, dedicated eye alignment light is applied to the eye to be examined, and an image of the reflected light is analyzed.

  For example, in the ophthalmologic apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the alignment light is constantly irradiated, and the position of the eye to be examined is calculated based on the position where the reflected light (bright spot) of the alignment light is observed. In order to obtain the whole image of the eye to be examined, it is necessary to irradiate the illumination light to the subject eye. In the configuration of Patent Document 1, the bright spot of the alignment light overlaps with the highlight of the other illumination light. The position may not be detected. Further, in the configuration of Patent Document 1, when the position deviation of the eye to be examined is large, the light amount of the bright spot of the alignment light is small and cannot be distinguished from other parts, so the bright spot is in the pupil of the eye to be examined. The position of the eye to be examined can be specified only when it is in a dark part.

In addition, in the ophthalmologic apparatus described in Patent Document 2, by providing a plurality of alignment light sources at different positions to increase the range in which the position of the eye to be detected can be detected, A bright spot can be easily detected by detecting a change in the amount of light. In this ophthalmologic apparatus, since the alignment light blinks, the screen of the display device flickers and is inferior in visibility.
JP 2004-2222849 A JP 2000-23915 A

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an ophthalmologic apparatus that can reliably detect the position of the eye to be examined, does not flicker the display screen, and has high alignment operability.

In order to solve the above problems, an ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention includes an illumination light source that irradiates illumination light to an eye to be examined,
An alignment light source that blinks and emits alignment light for detecting the position of the eye to be examined, an image sensor that receives the illumination light and a shadow image of the eye to be examined by the alignment light, and a display that can display a shadow image received by the image sensor And the display device selects either the image of the eye to be examined when the alignment light is on or the image of the eye to be examined when the alignment light is off. Displayable.

  According to this configuration, the display device selects and displays the image with the alignment light turned on or the image with the alignment light turned off, so that the brightness of the display screen does not change. For this reason, the display does not flicker, has high visibility, and is easy to operate.

  In the ophthalmologic apparatus of the present invention, when the alignment light is turned on, the display device displays a shadow image of the eye to be examined at that time, and when the alignment light is turned off, the alignment light is The image of the eye to be examined before turning off is displayed, or when the alignment light is turned off, the image of the eye to be examined at that time is displayed, and when the alignment light is turned on, the alignment light is An image of the eye to be examined before lighting may be displayed.

According to this configuration, only the image of the eye to be examined in the state where the alignment light is lit or the state where the alignment light is not lit is continuously displayed. For this reason, the eye to be examined can be confirmed in real time by an image without flicker.

  In the ophthalmologic apparatus of the present invention, the imaging device converts the image of the eye to be examined into image data for each frame, and the display device converts the image data into an image for each frame and displays the image, The frame in which the alignment light is turned on displays the image data of the frame before the alignment light is turned on, or the frame in which the alignment light is turned off is the image data of the frame before the alignment light is turned off It may be displayable.

  According to this configuration, the display is updated for each frame to display a smooth moving image, and the image of the frame in which the lighting state of the alignment light causes flickering on the screen is changed to the image of the previous frame, preferably the alignment light. By replacing the state with the most recent image when the state is selected, flickering of the screen is eliminated, and the motion of the image does not become unnatural.

  In the ophthalmologic apparatus of the present invention, the difference between the image of the eye to be examined when the alignment light source is turned off and the image of the eye to be examined when the alignment light source is turned on The position may be detected.

  According to this configuration, since only the reflected image of the alignment light can be extracted, the position of the eye to be examined can be accurately calculated.

  The ophthalmologic apparatus of the present invention further includes a video memory capable of storing image data output from the image sensor in units of frames, a first working memory capable of storing image data output from the image sensor in units of frames, and a first working memory. When the position of the eye to be examined is not detected, the alignment light source is turned off, the image data output from the image sensor is stored in the video memory, and the image data in the video memory is stored. When displaying on the display device and detecting the position of the eye to be examined, the alignment light source is turned off, and a frame for storing image data output by the imaging device in the first working memory; and the alignment light source A frame for turning on and storing the image data output from the image sensor in the second working memory; The position of the eye to be examined is calculated on the basis of the image data stored in the image data and the image data stored in the second working memory, and at the timing when the alignment light source is turned on in the display of the display device, the previous alignment is performed. Image data of a frame whose light source is turned off is read from the video memory or the first working memory and displayed on the display device.

  According to this configuration, the display device displays only the frame in which the alignment light source is turned on by replacing the image with the frame in which the previous alignment light source is turned off, so that the brightness of the display screen does not change. In addition, since the alignment light source is turned on for a moment, the overall motion of the image is not lost.

In the ophthalmologic apparatus of the present invention, the video memory has two areas each for storing image data for one frame , and a double buffer that reads out image data from the other area while rewriting the image data in one area. It may be.

  According to this configuration, high-speed display can be performed on the display device, and a smooth image can be displayed in real time.

  In addition, when detecting the position of the eye to be examined, the ophthalmologic apparatus of the present invention turns off the alignment light source and stores the image data output from the image sensor in the first work memory in the first frame. The image data of the video memory is displayed on the display device, the alignment light source is turned on in the second frame, and the image data output by the imaging device is stored in the second working memory, and the first memory The image data of the working memory is displayed on the display device, the alignment light source is turned off in the third frame, the image data output from the imaging device is stored in the video memory, and the image of the first working memory is stored. Data may be displayed on the display device.

  According to this configuration, image data is written to only one of the video memory, the first working memory, and the second working memory for each frame, and any one of the video memory, the first working memory, and the second working memory is written. Since the image data is read out from the image and displayed on the display device, the circuit (IC) for processing the image signal may be a simple one with one input and one output.

  In the ophthalmologic apparatus of the present invention, the position of the eye to be examined may be detected by calculating a difference between the image data stored in the first work memory and the image data stored in the second work memory. Good.

  According to this configuration, since only the reflected image of the alignment light can be extracted, the position of the eye to be examined can be accurately calculated.

  According to the present invention, in order to calculate the position of the eye to be examined, an image in which the alignment light is turned off is stored in the first working memory, and an image in which the alignment light is turned on is stored in the second working memory. The exact position of the eye to be examined can be calculated from the image data. Further, only when the alignment light is turned on while displaying the image of the eye to be examined on the display device in real time, the image data of the first working memory that is the immediately preceding image is displayed, so the brightness of the image does not change. In addition, the stillness of the image due to the replacement of the image is instantaneous, and since a smooth moving image is displayed as a whole, the operator's bodily sensation response is not deteriorated and the operability is high.

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an optometry apparatus 1 which is a first embodiment of an ophthalmic apparatus according to the present invention. In the optometry apparatus 1, an ophthalmologic unit 3 for optically measuring and diagnosing the eye to be examined and a face contact frame 4 on which the subject abuts the face to fix the eye to be examined are supported on the apparatus body 2. The main body 2 is provided with a joystick 5 for moving the ophthalmologic unit 3 and a monitor (display device) 6 for displaying an image of the eye to be examined taken by the image sensor of the ophthalmologic unit 3.

  FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the optical system inside the ophthalmic unit 3. In order to obtain an image of the anterior segment of the eye 7 to be examined, the ophthalmologic unit 3 projects a plurality of illumination light sources 8 that project illumination light onto the anterior segment of the eye 7 to be examined, and before imaging the image of the eye 7 to be examined. In order to obtain an image of the fundus oculi examination light 9, a fundus examination light source 10 that projects fundus examination light to the eye 7 to be examined, and a fundus imaging element 11 that photographs an image of the fundus oculi of the eye 7 to be examined. And have.

  Further, the ophthalmologic unit 3 detects the position of the eye 7 to be examined, the alignment light source 12 that irradiates the central portion of the eye 7 with the alignment light and the index for the subject to fixate from the back. A standard light source 13, a Z-axis alignment light source 14 that irradiates Z-axis alignment light obliquely onto the eye 7 to be examined, and a Z-axis image sensor 15 that captures a reflection image of the Z-axis alignment light by the eye 7 to be examined are included.

  In the optometry apparatus 1, the ophthalmologic unit 3 is moved left and right (X direction), up and down (Y direction), and front and back (Z direction) to perform alignment for positioning with respect to the eye 7 fixed by the face contact frame 4. First, when performing alignment in the X-Y direction, the optometry apparatus 1 captures an image of the anterior segment of the eye 7 to be examined with 30 frames per second by the anterior imaging element 9 and displays it on the monitor 6 in real time. Then, the alignment light source 12 is turned on instantaneously, the image captured by the anterior eye image sensor 9 is analyzed, and the position of the bright spot on the eye 7 to be examined by the alignment light is calculated. From the calculated position information of the alignment light, the ophthalmic unit 3 is moved so as to coincide with the center position of the reticle mark.

  FIG. 3 shows an internal configuration relating to the display of the monitor 6 at the time of alignment in the XY direction. The anterior eye imaging element 9 converts an image into image data composed of an electrical signal. The image data signal output from the anterior eye image sensor 9 is processed by the video controller 16 and stored in the memory (RAM) 17. At the same time, the video controller 16 reads the image data stored in the memory 17 and displays it on the monitor 6.

  The memory 17 includes a first video memory 18 and a second video memory 19 each capable of storing one frame of image data for display on the monitor 6, and an alignment light source 12 for calculating the bright spot position of the alignment light. A first working memory 20 that stores data when the light is turned off and a second working memory 21 that stores data when the alignment light source 12 is turned on are secured as dedicated memory areas. The first video memory 18 and the second video memory 19 constitute a double buffer that reads from one side while rewriting one side.

  The operations of the video controller 16 and the alignment light source 12 are controlled by the CPU 22. Further, the CPU 22 calculates the difference between the image data in the first work memory 20 and the image data in the second work memory 21 to remove the anterior eye image by the illumination light and extract only the bright spot by the alignment light. Then, those coordinates are calculated.

  In principle, the video controller 16 processes the image data of the image sensor 9 and writes it to the first video memory 18 or the second video memory 19. In order to calculate the bright spot position of the alignment light, the first operation is performed. It is necessary to write image data in the memory 20 and the second working memory 21 as well. Commercial video controllers usually do not have the function of writing the same data to two memories. Therefore, in this embodiment, the CPU 22 temporarily changes the address setting of the memory 17 to which the video controller 16 writes the image data, so that the video controller 16 has the first working memory instead of the video memories 18 and 19. 20 or the second work memory 21 is configured to write image data.

  FIG. 4 shows a flow of processing for displaying an anterior segment image on the monitor 6 in the optometry apparatus 1. First, in step S1, the CPU 22 confirms whether or not it is necessary to detect the position of the eye 7 to be examined. When detecting the position of the eye 7 to be examined, first, in step S2, the front frame of the eye 7 to be examined as shown in FIG. Eye image data is stored in the first work memory 20. At this time, the image data stored in the video memory 18 or 19 in the previous frame is displayed on the monitor 6. As shown in the figure, there are four bright spots from the illumination light source 8 in the image of the eye 7 to be examined.

  In the next frame, in step S3, the alignment light source 12 is turned on, and image data as illustrated in FIG. 6 captured by the anterior imaging device 9 is stored in the second working memory 21. The image data of the first work memory 20 stored in S2 is displayed. As shown in FIG. 6, when the alignment light source 12 is turned on, the image data includes a bright spot due to the alignment light in the center in addition to the four bright spots due to the illumination light source 8.

  Further, the next frame is photographed in step S4 with the alignment light source 12 turned off, image data as shown in FIG. 5 is generated and stored in the video memory 18 or 19, and the monitor 6 again in step S2. The stored image data of the first working memory 20 is displayed.

  When the process of step S4 is completed, the difference between the image data in the first work memory 20 (FIG. 5) and the image data in the second work memory 21 (FIG. 6) is obtained in step S5, and the bright spot position of the alignment light is calculated. Start the operation. This calculation takes about 100 milliseconds (corresponding to 3 frames), but the processing in step S6 and subsequent steps is performed in parallel.

  In step S6, the alignment light source 12 is turned off, and the captured image data similar to that shown in FIG. 5 is stored in the video memory 18 or 19 that has not been rewritten in step S4, and stored in the monitor 6 in step S4. The image data in the video memory 18 or 19 is displayed. The process of step S6 is a normal display process for displaying on the monitor 6 using the video memories 18 and 19 as a double buffer.

  In step S7, it is determined whether or not to end the display on the monitor 6. That is, if the optometry apparatus 1 is not switched to another mode or the power is turned off, the process returns to step S1 and the same process is repeated.

  Whether or not it is necessary to detect the position of the eye 7 in step S1 cannot be determined only by whether or not the alignment process is being performed. That is, the next position detection cannot be started during several frames in which the coordinate calculation processing of the previous alignment light started in step S5 is not completed. Alternatively, position detection of the eye 7 to be examined may be started at a predetermined interval longer than that.

  In the present embodiment, the image data when the alignment light source 12 of the previous frame stored in the first work memory 20 is turned off is stored in the first work memory 20 in step S4 when the image when the alignment light source 12 is turned on is to be displayed. Read out and display on the monitor 6. For this reason, there is no change in the brightness of the images continuously displayed on the monitor 6, and the operator does not feel the screen flickering. Further, since the image of the previous frame is displayed for only one frame, the display on the monitor 6 as a whole changes smoothly and in real time according to the movement of the ophthalmic unit 3.

  Further, since only the bright spot by the alignment light is extracted based on the difference between the image data when the alignment light source 12 is turned off and the image data when the alignment light source 12 is turned on, the detection of the alignment light is reliable and highly accurate. Coordinates can be determined.

  Further, FIG. 7 conceptually shows the configuration of FIG. 3 in order to make the flow of the image data of this embodiment easy to understand. In this figure, the video controller 16 processes the output signal of the anterior eye image sensor 9 and stores it in the memories 18, 19, 20, 21, and image data from the memories 18, 19, 20, 21. The output processing unit 16b is read out and displayed on the monitor 6.

  In the present embodiment, the CPU 22 sets the address of the memory 17 that the video controller input processing unit 16a accesses to write image data, and the address of the memory 17 that the video controller output processing unit 16b accesses to read image data. Acts as a selector to specify. That is, the video controller input processing unit 16a and the video controller output processing unit 16b do not need to access a plurality of the memories 18, 19, 20, and 21 at the same time. For this reason, a commercially available general-purpose video control chip with one input and one output can be used.

  In addition, the video controller input processing unit 16a writes image data to the video memories 18 and 19 in all frames, and writes image data to the video memories 18 and 19 as necessary, and simultaneously writes them to the work memories 20 and 21. The same image data may be writable. In that case, the video controller output processing unit 16b may read the image data from the video memories 18 and 19 and display it on the monitor 6 in step S3 of FIG.

  FIG. 8 shows a flow of processing for displaying an anterior eye image on the monitor 6 of the optometry apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The mechanical configuration of the optometry apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the processing is only partially different. Therefore, the same reference numerals are used for the same components and the same processes as those in the first embodiment, and a duplicate description is omitted.

  In this embodiment, when detecting the position of the eye 7 to be examined, first, in step S12, the alignment light source 12 is turned on, and the captured image data is stored in the second work memory 21, and the monitor 6 immediately before that. The image data stored in the video memory 18 or 19 is displayed as a frame.

In the next frame, in step S13, the alignment light source 12 is turned off, the captured image data is stored in the first work memory 20 , and the monitor 6 is displayed in step S12 stored in the video memory 18 or 19. Display the same image data again.

  Also in the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the screen of the monitor 6 does not flicker, a smooth real-time display is possible, and good operability can be provided to the operator.

  In the above embodiment, since a double buffer type video memory is used, smooth image display is possible. However, even if a single buffer type video memory that stores image data for one frame is used. Good.

If image data can be simultaneously written in either the video memory 18 or 19 and either the first working memory 20 or the second working memory 21 , only the frame in which the alignment light source 12 is turned off is used. The image data of 18 or 19 may be rewritten, and the monitor 6 may continuously display the image data of the video memories 18 and 19 alternately. In this case, the monitor 6 displays an image two frames before the frame in which the alignment light source 12 is lit. Further, if the alignment light source 12 is turned on over a plurality of frames, the monitor 6 alternately displays images of two frames immediately before the alignment light source 12 is turned on while the alignment light source 12 is turned on. It will be.

1 is a perspective view of an optometry apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The block diagram of the optical system of the optometry apparatus of FIG. The block diagram which concerns on the anterior eye part display of the optometry apparatus of FIG. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of anterior eye part display of the optometry apparatus of FIG. 1. An example of an image when the alignment light source is turned off. The example of the image at the time of alignment light source lighting. The conceptual block diagram which concerns on the anterior eye part display of the optometry apparatus of FIG. The flowchart of the anterior eye part display of the optometry apparatus of 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Optometry device (ophthalmic device)
3 Ophthalmology unit 6 Monitor (display device)
7 Eye to be Examined 8 Illumination Light Source 9 Anterior Eye Image Sensor 12 Alignment Light Source 16 Video Controller 18 First Video Memory 19 Second Video Memory 20 First Working Memory 21 Second Working Memory 22 CPU

Claims (9)

An illumination light source that illuminates the eye to be examined; and
An alignment light source that flashes and emits alignment light for detecting the position of the eye to be examined;
An image sensor for receiving a shadow image of the eye to be examined by the illumination light and the alignment light;
A display device capable of displaying an image received by the image sensor;
The display device can select and display either an image of the eye to be examined when the alignment light is on or an image of the eye to be examined when the alignment light is off. Ophthalmic device characterized by   When the alignment light is turned on, the display device displays a shadow image of the eye to be examined at that time, and when the alignment light is turned off, the image of the eye to be examined before the alignment light is turned off. Or when the alignment light is turned off, the image of the eye to be examined at that time, and when the alignment light is turned on, the image of the eye to be examined before the alignment light is turned on The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The imaging device converts the image of the eye to be examined into image data for each frame,
The display device converts the image data into an image for each frame and displays the image, and the frame in which the alignment light is lit displays the image data of the frame before the alignment light is lit, or the alignment The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the frame in which the light is turned off can display image data of the frame before the alignment light is turned off.   The display device displays the image data of the most recent frame in which the alignment light has been turned off in the frame in which the alignment light is turned on, or the frame in which the alignment light is turned off 4. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the image data of the most recent frame that has been lit can be displayed.   The position of the eye to be examined is detected by a difference between the image of the eye to be examined when the alignment light source is turned off and the image of the eye to be examined when the alignment light source is turned on. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4. Furthermore, a video memory capable of storing image data output by the imaging device in units of frames;
A first working memory and a second working memory, each of which stores image data output by the imaging device in units of frames;
When not detecting the position of the eye to be examined, turn off the alignment light source, store the image data output by the imaging device in the video memory, display the image data of the video memory on the display device,
When detecting the position of the eye to be examined, the alignment light source is turned off, a frame for storing image data output by the image sensor in the first working memory, the alignment light source is turned on, and the image sensor A frame for storing image data output by the second working memory,
Calculating the position of the eye to be examined based on the image data stored in the first working memory and the image data stored in the second working memory;
At the timing when the alignment light source is turned on in the display of the display device, the image data of the frame in which the previous alignment light source is turned off is read from the video memory or the first working memory, and is displayed on the display device. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the ophthalmologic apparatus is displayed.   The video memory has two areas each storing image data for one frame, and is a double buffer for reading out image data from the other area while rewriting the image data in one area. The ophthalmic apparatus according to 6.   When detecting the position of the eye to be examined, in the first frame, the alignment light source is turned off, the image data output by the imaging device is stored in the first working memory, and the image data in the video memory is stored in the first memory. Display on the display device, turn on the alignment light source in the second frame, store the image data output by the image sensor in the second working memory, and store the image data in the first working memory in the display device In the third frame, the alignment light source is turned off, the image data output from the image sensor is stored in the video memory, and the image data in the first working memory is displayed on the display device. The ophthalmic apparatus according to claim 7.   The position of the eye to be examined is detected by calculating a difference between the image data stored in the first work memory and the image data stored in the second work memory. An ophthalmic apparatus according to any one of the above.

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