JP5096894B2 - Method for detecting unconnected power supply common terminal in rotary encoder and rotary encoder - Google Patents

Method for detecting unconnected power supply common terminal in rotary encoder and rotary encoder Download PDF

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JP5096894B2
JP5096894B2 JP2007317964A JP2007317964A JP5096894B2 JP 5096894 B2 JP5096894 B2 JP 5096894B2 JP 2007317964 A JP2007317964 A JP 2007317964A JP 2007317964 A JP2007317964 A JP 2007317964A JP 5096894 B2 JP5096894 B2 JP 5096894B2
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克博 橋本
克彦 金
正治 長谷川
聡 小野
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Koyo Electronics Industries Co Ltd
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本発明は、アブソリュート型やインクリメンタル型のロータリエンコーダにおける電源コモン端子の未接続検出方法およびロータリエンコーダに関するものである。本発明のロータリエンコーダは、円周方向複数の回転スリットを設けた回転スリット板に対して固定スリットを介して投光素子から光を当てて上記両スリットを通過した光信号を受光素子で受光し、この受光に応答して受光素子から出力される信号から回転情報を得るエンコーダである。   The present invention relates to an unconnected detection method for a power supply common terminal and a rotary encoder in an absolute type or incremental type rotary encoder. The rotary encoder of the present invention applies light from a light projecting element to a rotating slit plate provided with a plurality of rotating slits in the circumferential direction via a fixed slit, and receives a light signal that has passed through both slits by the light receiving element. The encoder obtains the rotation information from the signal output from the light receiving element in response to the light reception.

図5を参照してインクリメンタル型のロータリエンコーダREは、一般的に、投光素子LEDと2つの受光素子PD1,PD2との間に、円周方向等間隔に投光素子LEDからの光を透過することができる複数のスリット(以下回転スリットと言う)を有する回転スリット板RSと、この回転スリット板RSの一方側に上記スリットと同様に投光素子LEDからの光を透過することができるスリット(以下固定スリットと言う)を有する固定スリット板FSとを対向配置している(特許文献1)。   Referring to FIG. 5, the incremental rotary encoder RE generally transmits light from the light projecting element LED at equal intervals in the circumferential direction between the light projecting element LED and the two light receiving elements PD1 and PD2. A rotary slit plate RS having a plurality of slits (hereinafter referred to as rotary slits), and a slit that can transmit light from the light projecting element LED on one side of the rotary slit plate RS, similar to the slits. A fixed slit plate FS (hereinafter referred to as “fixed slit”) is disposed oppositely (Patent Document 1).

この固定スリット板FSの固定スリットは、投光素子LEDからの光を電気角で順次90度ずつずれさせて回転スリット板RSの回転スリットを通過させて光信号を形成するようになっている。受光素子PD1,PD2では上記光信号を受光し、受光素子PD1,PD2の受光出力から図6(a)(b)で示すようなA相信号と、B相信号とを生成し、これらA相とB相信号から被検出軸の回転状態すなわちその回転方向や回転速度を検出することができるようになっている。   The fixed slit of the fixed slit plate FS shifts the light from the light projecting element LED by 90 degrees sequentially in electrical angle and passes through the rotary slit of the rotary slit plate RS to form an optical signal. The light receiving elements PD1 and PD2 receive the optical signal, and generate the A phase signal and the B phase signal as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B from the light receiving outputs of the light receiving elements PD1 and PD2. The rotation state of the detected shaft, that is, the rotation direction and the rotation speed can be detected from the B phase signal.

この回転方向の検出では、図6(c)で示すようにA相とB相信号のバイナリーコードでA相信号「0」、B相信号「0」の組み合わせでは「0」、A相信号「1」、B相信号「0」の組み合わせでは「2」、A相信号「1」、B相信号「1」の組み合わせでは「3」、A相信号「0」、B相信号「1」の組み合わせでは「1」としそのバイナリーコードの変化順序から回転方向を判定することができる。バイナリーコードは「0」「2」「3」「1」「0」「2」…と変化し、信号レベル合計は「0」「1」「2」「1」「0」「1」…と変化する。   In the detection of the rotational direction, as shown in FIG. 6C, the binary code of the A phase and B phase signals is “0” for the combination of the A phase signal “0”, the B phase signal “0”, and the A phase signal “ 1 ”, B phase signal“ 0 ”in combination“ 2 ”, A phase signal“ 1 ”, B phase signal“ 1 ”in combination“ 3 ”, A phase signal“ 0 ”, B phase signal“ 1 ” The combination is “1”, and the rotation direction can be determined from the change order of the binary code. The binary code changes as “0” “2” “3” “1” “0” “2”... And the total signal level is “0” “1” “2” “1” “0” “1”. Change.

そして、上記A相信号とB相信号のバイナリーコードの組み合わせでは「0」「0」の組み合わせが存在している。この場合、上記ロータリエンコーダでは図7で示すように受光素子PD1,PD2が電源コモン端子CTに共通に接続されているために、電源コモン端子CTが受光素子PD1,PD2に未接続であるときも上記A相信号とB相信号のバイナリーコードの組み合わせでは「0」「0」の組み合わせが成立することになる。受光素子PD1,PD2の受光出力はそれぞれ比較回路CP1,CP2で比較され、A相信号、B相信号が生成され、それらA相信号、B相信号は回転状態検出回路RD1に入力されるようになっている。   In the combination of the binary code of the A phase signal and the B phase signal, there are “0” and “0” combinations. In this case, since the light receiving elements PD1 and PD2 are commonly connected to the power supply common terminal CT as shown in FIG. 7 in the rotary encoder, even when the power supply common terminal CT is not connected to the light receiving elements PD1 and PD2. In the combination of the binary code of the A phase signal and the B phase signal, a combination of “0” and “0” is established. The light reception outputs of the light receiving elements PD1 and PD2 are compared by the comparison circuits CP1 and CP2, respectively, and A phase signal and B phase signal are generated, and these A phase signal and B phase signal are input to the rotation state detection circuit RD1. It has become.

そのため従来のロータリエンコーダREでは、受光素子PD1,PD2が電源コモン端子に未接続の場合では、被検出軸の回転状態を誤検出することになり、ロータリエンコーダを搭載した装置やシステムの信頼性を低下させてしまう要因となるという課題がある。
特開平07−134048号公報
Therefore, in the conventional rotary encoder RE, when the light receiving elements PD1 and PD2 are not connected to the power supply common terminal, the rotation state of the detected shaft is erroneously detected, and the reliability of the device or system equipped with the rotary encoder is increased. There is a problem of causing a decrease.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 07-134048

したがって、本発明により解決すべき課題は、複数の受光素子が電源コモン端子に共通に接続されているロータリエンコーダにおいて、複数の受光素子が電源コモン端子に未接続な状態を検出可能とすることである。   Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that in a rotary encoder in which a plurality of light receiving elements are commonly connected to the power supply common terminal, it is possible to detect a state in which the plurality of light receiving elements are not connected to the power supply common terminal. is there.

本発明第1によるロータリエンコーダにおける電源コモン端子の未接続検出方法は、上記受光出力から180度ごとに信号レベルが反転するA相の信号、A相より電気角で90度位相がずれて180度ごとに信号レベルが反転するB相の信号、180度ごとに信号レベルが反転すると共にA相信号とB相信号それぞれの信号レベルが共にゼロのときのタイミングで立ち上がり側に反転する参照相(ref)信号を生成する第1ステップと、少なくとも上記第1ステップで生成したA相、B相、参照相(ref)三者の信号レベルに基づいて上記電源コモン端子が未接続であるか否かを判定する第2ステップと、を含むことを特徴とするものである。   In the rotary encoder according to the first aspect of the present invention, the method of detecting the disconnection of the power supply common terminal is an A-phase signal whose signal level is inverted every 180 degrees from the received light output, and is 180 degrees out of phase by 90 degrees in electrical angle from the A phase. A B-phase signal whose signal level is inverted every time, a reference phase which is inverted every 180 degrees and is inverted to the rising side at the timing when the signal levels of both the A-phase signal and the B-phase signal are both zero (ref ) A first step of generating a signal and whether or not the power supply common terminal is unconnected based on at least three signal levels of the A phase, B phase, and reference phase (ref) generated in the first step. And a second step of determining.

上記判定のための手段は特に限定しない。例えばこの判定をマイクロコンピュータで行ってもよいし、ロジック回路で行ってもよい。   The means for the determination is not particularly limited. For example, this determination may be performed by a microcomputer or a logic circuit.

参照相(ref)信号は、A相信号と180度位相が異なる信号であっても、B相信号と180度位相が異なる信号であってもよい。   The reference phase (ref) signal may be a signal that is 180 degrees out of phase with the A phase signal, or may be a signal that is 180 degrees out of phase with the B phase signal.

また、上記判定に用いる信号数は上記三者に限定されず、それ以上の信号数で判定してもよい。   Further, the number of signals used for the determination is not limited to the above three, and the determination may be made with more signals.

本発明第1の好ましい一態様は、上記第2ステップを、マイクロコンピュータ構成の判定手段により、行うことである。   A first preferable aspect of the present invention is that the second step is performed by a determination means having a microcomputer configuration.

本発明第1の好ましい一態様は、上記第2ステップを、ロジック回路構成の判定手段により、行うことである。   A first preferable aspect of the present invention is that the second step is performed by a determination means of a logic circuit configuration.

本発明第1の好ましい一態様は、上記第2ステップが、上記三者の信号レベルそれぞれの合計レベルがゼロのときに記電源コモン端子が上記複数の受光素子に未接続であると判定することである。   According to a first preferred aspect of the present invention, the second step determines that the power supply common terminal is not connected to the plurality of light receiving elements when the total level of each of the three signal levels is zero. It is.

上記「上記三者の信号レベルそれぞれの合計レベルがゼロ」とは、三者の信号レベルがそれぞれ同じであっても相違していても合計した場合のレベルがゼロのことである。   The above-mentioned “the total level of each of the three signal levels is zero” means that the level when the three signals are the same or different is zero.

本発明第1の好ましい一態様は、上記第2ステップが、上記三者の信号レベルそれぞれが同時にゼロになるタイミングが存在するとき上記電源コモン端子が上記複数の受光素子に未接続であると判定することである。   In a first preferred aspect of the present invention, the second step determines that the power supply common terminal is not connected to the plurality of light receiving elements when there is a timing at which the signal levels of the three parties simultaneously become zero. It is to be.

上記「上記三者の信号レベルそれぞれが同時にゼロになるタイミングが存在する」とは、上記三者の信号レベルのOR条件をとっても、すなわち、同じタイミングでどの信号レベルを選択してもゼロになるタイミングのことである。   The above “there is a timing at which the signal levels of the three parties simultaneously become zero” means that even if the OR condition of the signal levels of the three parties is taken, that is, no matter which signal level is selected at the same timing, it becomes zero. It is timing.

本発明第1では、A相信号とB相信号のバイナリーコードの組み合わせで「0」「0」の組み合わせのタイミングが存在しても、そのタイミングでも、参照相信号の信号レベルが立ち上がり側に反転するので、電源コモン端子が各受光素子に接続されている限りは、A相、B相、参照相三者の信号レベルの合計はゼロにはならないし、また、三者の信号レベルに同時タイミングではゼロになることはない。そのため、これら三者の信号レベルに基づいて、電源コモン端子が未接続であるか否かを判定することができることになる。   In the first aspect of the present invention, even if there is a combination timing of “0” and “0” in the binary code combination of the A phase signal and the B phase signal, the signal level of the reference phase signal is inverted to the rising side at that timing. Therefore, as long as the power supply common terminal is connected to each light receiving element, the sum of the signal levels of the A phase, the B phase, and the reference phase does not become zero, and the timing of the three signal levels is simultaneous. Then it will never be zero. Therefore, based on these three signal levels, it can be determined whether or not the power supply common terminal is not connected.

本発明第2によるロータリエンコーダは、上記本発明第1の方法における、上記第1ステップを実行する信号生成手段と、上記第2ステップを実行するマイクロコンピュータ構成の判定手段と、を備え、上記判定手段は、少なくとも上記三者の信号レベルそれぞれの合計レベルがゼロであるか否か、または少なくとも上記三者の信号レベルそれぞれが同時にゼロになるタイミングが存在するか否かにより、上記電源コモン端子が上記複数の受光素子に未接続であるか否かを判定することを特徴とするものである。   A rotary encoder according to a second aspect of the present invention comprises the signal generation means for executing the first step and the determination means of a microcomputer configuration for executing the second step in the first method of the present invention. The means determines whether or not the power supply common terminal depends on whether the total level of each of the three signal levels is zero, or whether there is a timing at which each of the three signal levels simultaneously becomes zero. It is characterized by determining whether it is unconnected to the plurality of light receiving elements.

本発明第3によるロータリエンコーダは、上記本発明第1の方法における、上記第1ステップを実行する信号生成手段と、上記第2ステップを実行するロジック回路構成の判定手段と、を備え、上記判定手段は、少なくとも上記三者の信号のOR条件から、上記電源コモン端子が上記複数の受光素子に未接続であるか否かを判定する、ことを特徴とするものである。   A rotary encoder according to a third aspect of the present invention comprises the signal generation means for executing the first step and the determination means for the logic circuit configuration for executing the second step in the first method of the present invention. The means determines whether or not the power supply common terminal is not connected to the plurality of light receiving elements based on at least an OR condition of the three signals.

なお、本発明第1ないし第3は、アブソリュート型のロータリエンコーダでもインクリメンタル型のロータリエンコーダにも適用することができる。   The first to third aspects of the present invention can be applied to an absolute type rotary encoder and an incremental type rotary encoder.

本発明の方法では、受光素子のいずれかが電源コモン端子に未接続状態であることを確実に判定することができる。したがって、この方法を採用したロータリエンコーダを搭載した装置やシステムの信頼性を向上させることができる。   According to the method of the present invention, it is possible to reliably determine that one of the light receiving elements is not connected to the power supply common terminal. Therefore, it is possible to improve the reliability of an apparatus or system equipped with a rotary encoder that employs this method.

以下、添付した図面を参照して、本発明の実施の形態に係る方法を詳細に説明する。実施の形態に係る方法が適用されるロータリエンコーダの基本構成は図5と同様であるが、実施の形態では、図1で示すように、投光素子LEDは電源と接地との間に電流制限抵抗R0、トランジスタTR0と共に直列に挿入接続され図示略の駆動回路出力でオンオフするトランジスタTR0を通じて投光動作する。投光素子LEDからの投光を回転スリット板RSと、固定スリット板FSとを介して受光素子PD(a+),PD(b+),PD(a−),PD(b−),PD(ref+),PD(ref−)で受光する。この受光素子PDの(a+)、(b+)…の意味は後述する。回転スリット板RS、固定スリット板FSは図解の都合で略示している。これら受光素子PD(a+),PD(b+),PD(a−),PD(b−),PD(ref+),PD(ref−)それぞれの出力は比較回路CP1,CP2,CP3で比較され、比較回路CP1からはA相信号、比較回路CP2からはB相信号、比較回路CP3からは参照相(ref)信号が出力される。これらA相信号、B相信号は回転状態検出回路RD1に入力され、A相信号、B相信号および参照相(ref)信号は判定回路RD2に入力される。   Hereinafter, a method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The basic configuration of the rotary encoder to which the method according to the embodiment is applied is the same as that of FIG. 5, but in the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the light projecting element LED has a current limit between the power source and the ground. The light emitting operation is performed through the transistor TR0 inserted and connected in series with the resistor R0 and the transistor TR0 and turned on and off by an output of a driving circuit (not shown). Light projected from the light projecting element LED is received through the rotary slit plate RS and the fixed slit plate FS, and the light receiving elements PD (a +), PD (b +), PD (a−), PD (b−), PD (ref + ), PD (ref−). The meaning of (a +), (b +)... Of the light receiving element PD will be described later. The rotary slit plate RS and the fixed slit plate FS are schematically shown for convenience of illustration. The outputs of these light receiving elements PD (a +), PD (b +), PD (a−), PD (b−), PD (ref +), PD (ref−) are compared by comparison circuits CP1, CP2, CP3, The comparison circuit CP1 outputs an A phase signal, the comparison circuit CP2 outputs a B phase signal, and the comparison circuit CP3 outputs a reference phase (ref) signal. The A phase signal and the B phase signal are input to the rotation state detection circuit RD1, and the A phase signal, the B phase signal, and the reference phase (ref) signal are input to the determination circuit RD2.

回転状態検出回路RD1はA相信号とB相信号とから被検出軸の回転状態すなわち回転速度および回転方向を検出する。   The rotation state detection circuit RD1 detects the rotation state of the detected shaft, that is, the rotation speed and the rotation direction from the A phase signal and the B phase signal.

判定回路RD2は、マイクロコンピュータ手段等で構成され、A相信号、B相信号および参照相(ref)信号により電源コモン端子CTが未接続であるか否かを判定することができるようになっている。   The determination circuit RD2 is composed of microcomputer means or the like, and can determine whether or not the power supply common terminal CT is unconnected based on the A phase signal, the B phase signal, and the reference phase (ref) signal. Yes.

以上のロータリエンコーダでは、投光素子LED、回転スリット板RSの回転スリット、固定スリット板FSの固定スリット、受光素子PD(a+),PD(b+),PD(a−),PD(b−),PD(ref+),PD(ref−)、比較回路CP1,CP2,CP3により、180度ごとに信号レベルが反転するA相信号を生成するA相信号生成手段と、A相より電気角で90度位相がずれて180度ごとに信号レベルが反転するB相信号を生成するB相信号生成手段と、180度ごとに信号レベルが反転するものでかつA相信号とB相信号それぞれの信号レベルが共にゼロのときのタイミングで立ち上がり側に反転する参照相(ref)信号を生成する参照相信号生成手段と、を構成する。   In the above rotary encoder, the light projecting element LED, the rotating slit of the rotating slit plate RS, the fixed slit of the fixed slit plate FS, the light receiving elements PD (a +), PD (b +), PD (a−), PD (b−) , PD (ref +), PD (ref−), and comparison circuits CP1, CP2 and CP3, an A phase signal generating means for generating an A phase signal whose signal level is inverted every 180 degrees, and an electrical angle of 90 from the A phase. A B-phase signal generating means for generating a B-phase signal whose signal level is inverted every 180 degrees with the phase being shifted, and a signal level of each of the A-phase signal and the B-phase signal whose signal level is inverted every 180 degrees And a reference phase signal generating means for generating a reference phase (ref) signal that is inverted to the rising side at a timing when both are zero.

図2を参照して、rsは回転スリット板RSに円周方向等間隔に形成された回転スリットである。図中、回転スリット板RSにおいて、回転スリットrの部分は図解上は白抜きで、回転スリットrs間は投光素子LEDの投光を遮光する部分であり、図解上はハッチングで示す。固定スリット板FSはこの回転スリットrsに対向する固定スリットfsを有する。   With reference to FIG. 2, rs are rotating slits formed in the rotating slit plate RS at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. In the drawing, in the rotary slit plate RS, the portion of the rotary slit r is white in the illustration, and the portion between the rotary slits rs is a portion that blocks light projection of the light projecting element LED, and is indicated by hatching in the illustration. The fixed slit plate FS has a fixed slit fs opposed to the rotating slit rs.

固定スリットfsは説明の都合で、投光素子LEDの光を180度ごとに反転する光信号a+を生成する固定スリットをfs(a+)、光信号a+に対して電気角で180度ずれて180度ごとに反転する光信号a−を生成する固定スリットをfs(a−)、投光素子LEDの光を光信号a+に電気角で90度ずれ180度ごとに反転する光信号b+を生成する固定スリットをfs(b+)、光信号b+に対して電気角で180度ずれて180度ごとに反転する光信号b−を生成する固定スリットをfs(b−)、光信号a+と光信号b+の信号レベルが共にゼロのタイミングで立ち上がり180度ごとに信号レベルが反転する光信号ref+を生成する固定スリットをfs(ref+)、光信号a−と光信号b−の信号レベルが共にゼロのタイミングで立ち上がり180度ごとに信号レベルが反転する光信号ref−を生成する固定スリットをfs(ref−)と称する。   For convenience of explanation, the fixed slit fs is fs (a +) which generates the optical signal a + that inverts the light of the light projecting element LED every 180 degrees, and the electrical angle is shifted 180 degrees from the optical signal a + by 180 degrees. The fixed slit for generating the optical signal a− that is inverted every degree is fs (a−), and the light of the light projecting element LED is shifted by 90 degrees in electrical angle from the optical signal a +, and the optical signal b + that is inverted every 180 degrees is generated. The fixed slit is fs (b +), and the fixed slit for generating the optical signal b− that is shifted by 180 degrees in electrical angle with respect to the optical signal b + and is inverted every 180 degrees is fs (b−), the optical signal a + and the optical signal b +. The fixed slit that generates the optical signal ref + whose signal level rises every 180 degrees rises at a timing when both of the optical signal a and the optical signal b- are both zero. The stationary slit for generating an optical signal ref- whose signal level at each rising 180 degrees reversed at timing referred to fs (ref-).

受光素子PDもそれぞれの固定スリットfs(a+),fs(b+),fs(a−),fs(b−),fs(ref+),fs(ref−)それぞれに合わせて、PD(a+),PD(b+),PD(a−),PD(b−),PD(ref+),PD(ref−)と称しており、それぞれの受光素子PD(a+),PD(b+),PD(a−),PD(b−),PD(ref+),PD(ref−)は、対応する固定スリットfs(a+)、fs(a−)、(b+)、fs(b−)、fs(ref+)、fs(ref−)を通過した光信号a+,b+,a−,b−,ref+,ref−を受光する。光信号a+、a−をそれぞれ受光した受光素子PD(a+)とPD(a−)それぞれの出力は上記したように比較回路CP1で比較されてA相信号が生成され、光信号b+、b−をそれぞれ受光した受光素子PD(b+)とPD(b−)それぞれの出力は上記したように比較回路CP2で比較されてB相信号が生成され、光信号ref+、ref−をそれぞれ受光した受光素子PD(ref+)とPD(ref−)それぞれの出力は上記したように比較回路CP3で比較されて参照相(ref)信号が生成される。   The light receiving element PD also has PD (a +), fs (a +), fs (b +), fs (a−), fs (b−), fs (ref +), and fs (ref−), respectively. PD (b +), PD (a−), PD (b−), PD (ref +), and PD (ref−) are referred to as light receiving elements PD (a +), PD (b +), and PD (a− ), PD (b−), PD (ref +), and PD (ref−) are corresponding fixed slits fs (a +), fs (a−), (b +), fs (b−), fs (ref +), The optical signals a +, b +, a−, b−, ref +, and ref− that have passed through fs (ref−) are received. The outputs of the light receiving elements PD (a +) and PD (a−) that receive the optical signals a + and a−, respectively, are compared by the comparator circuit CP1 as described above to generate an A phase signal, and the optical signals b + and b− are generated. As described above, the outputs of the light receiving elements PD (b +) and PD (b−) that respectively received the light are compared by the comparison circuit CP2 to generate the B phase signal, and the light receiving elements that respectively received the optical signals ref + and ref−. The outputs of PD (ref +) and PD (ref−) are compared by the comparison circuit CP3 as described above to generate a reference phase (ref) signal.

図3(a)〜(c)を参照して判定回路RD2においてA相信号、B相信号および参照相(ref)信号からなる三者の信号から電源コモン端子CTが各受光素子に未接続であるか否かを判定する動作を説明する。   With reference to FIGS. 3A to 3C, in the determination circuit RD2, the power supply common terminal CT is not connected to each light receiving element from the three signals including the A phase signal, the B phase signal, and the reference phase (ref) signal. An operation for determining whether or not there is will be described.

なお、図3(a)のA相信号、図3(b)のB相信号が回転状態検出回路RD1に入力されて、被検出軸の回転状態等が検出することができるは上述したので説明を略する。   As described above, the A-phase signal in FIG. 3A and the B-phase signal in FIG. 3B can be input to the rotation state detection circuit RD1 to detect the rotation state of the detected shaft. Is abbreviated.

図3(a)のA相信号、図3(b)のB相信号、図3(c)の参照相(ref)信号からなる三者の信号は、判定回路RD2に入力される。なお、図3(c)の参照相(ref)信号は、B相信号の位相と180度位相が異なり180度ごとに反転する信号であるが、参照相(ref)信号は図3(c)に示すタイミングの信号に限定されず、図示しないが、A相信号の位相と180度異なり180度ごとに反転する信号でもよい。もちろん、電源コモン端子CTが未接続であるか否かの判定に上記三者の信号に限定されず、判定のための信号数を四者以上としてもよい。なお、受光素子の符号は簡略化のため略する。   Three signals including the A phase signal in FIG. 3A, the B phase signal in FIG. 3B, and the reference phase (ref) signal in FIG. 3C are input to the determination circuit RD2. Note that the reference phase (ref) signal in FIG. 3C is a signal that is different in phase by 180 degrees from the phase of the B phase signal and is inverted every 180 degrees, but the reference phase (ref) signal is in FIG. The signal is not limited to the signal shown in FIG. 1 and is not shown, but may be a signal that is 180 degrees different from the phase of the A phase signal and is inverted every 180 degrees. Of course, the determination as to whether or not the power supply common terminal CT is not connected is not limited to the above three signals, and the number of signals for determination may be four or more. In addition, the code | symbol of a light receiving element is abbreviate | omitted for simplification.

判定回路RD2は、これら三者の信号レベルの合計レベルがゼロであるとき、あるいは三者の信号レベルすべてが同時にゼロとなるタイミングが存在する場合には、電源コモン端子CTが各受光素子に未接続であると判定する。   The determination circuit RD2 determines that the power supply common terminal CT is not connected to each light receiving element when the total level of these three signal levels is zero, or when there is a timing when all the three signal levels become zero at the same time. It is determined that the connection is established.

上記判定回路RD2は実施の形態ではマイクロコンピュータ構成の判定手段で構成している。判定回路RD2は、上記三者の信号それぞれの信号レベルを個別に監視し、三者の信号の信号レベルの合計レベルがゼロであるとき、あるいは三者の信号の信号レベルが同時にゼロとなるタイミングが存在する場合には、電源コモン端子CTが未接続であると判定する。   In the embodiment, the determination circuit RD2 is configured by determination means having a microcomputer configuration. The determination circuit RD2 individually monitors the signal levels of the three signals, and when the total signal level of the three signals is zero, or when the signal levels of the three signals become zero simultaneously. Is present, it is determined that the power supply common terminal CT is not connected.

一方、判定回路RD2はマイクロコンピュータ構成の判定手段で構成することに限定されず、図4で示すようなロジック回路であるOR回路構成の判定回路RD2で構成することができる。OR回路で判定回路RD2を構成した場合は判定回路RD2をマイクロコンピュータで構成する場合よりも安価である。このOR回路構成の判定回路RD2に上記三者の信号を入力し、この判定回路RD2出力が「0」となるタイミング状態が存在するとき、すなわち、三者の信号の信号レベルが同時にゼロとなるタイミングが存在する場合、電源コモン端子CTが未接続であると判定できる。   On the other hand, the determination circuit RD2 is not limited to being configured by a determination unit having a microcomputer configuration, and can be configured by a determination circuit RD2 having an OR circuit configuration which is a logic circuit as shown in FIG. When the determination circuit RD2 is configured by an OR circuit, it is less expensive than when the determination circuit RD2 is configured by a microcomputer. When the above three signals are input to the determination circuit RD2 having the OR circuit configuration and there is a timing state in which the output of the determination circuit RD2 is “0”, that is, the signal levels of the three signals simultaneously become zero. When the timing exists, it can be determined that the power supply common terminal CT is not connected.

以上のように実施の形態では、電源コモン端子CTに未接続な受光素子が存在するか否かを判定することができ、結果、実施の形態のロータリエンコーダではそれを搭載した装置やシステムの信頼性が向上することになる。   As described above, in the embodiment, it is possible to determine whether or not there is a light receiving element that is not connected to the power supply common terminal CT. As a result, the rotary encoder according to the embodiment has the reliability of the device or system in which it is mounted. Will be improved.

図1は本発明の実施の形態に係るロータリエンコーダの電気的な概略構成を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an electrical schematic configuration of a rotary encoder according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図2は回転スリットと、固定スリットとの対応関係の説明に供する図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the correspondence between the rotary slit and the fixed slit. 図3はA相信号、B相信号、参照相(ref)信号の信号レベルの関係を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the signal levels of the A phase signal, the B phase signal, and the reference phase (ref) signal. 図4は判定回路の他の変形例を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating another modification of the determination circuit. 図5は従来のロータリエンコーダの機構的な概略構成を示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a schematic mechanical configuration of a conventional rotary encoder. 図6は従来のロータリエンコーダによるA相とB相の関係を示す図である。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the A phase and the B phase by a conventional rotary encoder. 図7は従来のロータリエンコーダの電気的な概略構成を示す図である。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a schematic electrical configuration of a conventional rotary encoder.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

RS 回転スリット板
FS 固定スリット板
LED 投光ダイオード(投光素子)
PD 受光素子
RD1 回転状態検出回路
RD2 判定回路
CT 電源コモン端子
RS Rotating slit plate FS Fixed slit plate LED Light emitting diode (light emitting element)
PD light receiving element RD1 rotation state detection circuit RD2 determination circuit CT power supply common terminal

Claims (7)

投光素子と、電源コモン端子に共通接続された複数の受光素子と、上記投光素子と各受光素子との間の光路上に配置されて被検出軸と同期回転する回転スリットと、を備え、上記回転スリットを被検出軸の回転に関連させて上記光路上を横断移動させつつ上記投光素子からの投光を通過させて電気角が所定角度ずつずれた複数の光信号を生成すると共にこれら光信号を上記複数の受光素子で受光し、この受光出力から上記被検出軸の回転状態を検出するロータリエンコーダにおいて上記電源コモン端子の未接続状態を検出する方法において、
上記受光出力から180度ごとに信号レベルが反転するA相の信号と、A相より電気角で90度位相がずれて180度ごとに信号レベルが反転するB相の信号と、180度ごとに信号レベルが反転すると共にA相信号とB相信号それぞれの信号レベルが共にゼロのときのタイミングで立ち上がり側に反転する参照相(ref)信号と、を生成する第1ステップと、
少なくとも上記第1ステップで生成したA相、B相、参照相(ref)三者の信号レベルに基づいて上記電源コモン端子が上記複数の受光素子に未接続であるか否かを判定する第2ステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする電源コモン端子の未接続検出方法。
A light projecting element; a plurality of light receiving elements commonly connected to a power supply common terminal; and a rotating slit that is disposed on an optical path between the light projecting element and each light receiving element and that rotates in synchronization with a detected shaft. And generating a plurality of optical signals whose electrical angles are deviated by a predetermined angle by passing the light projected from the light projecting element while moving the rotation slit across the optical path in association with the rotation of the detected shaft. In a method of detecting the unconnected state of the power supply common terminal in a rotary encoder that receives these optical signals by the plurality of light receiving elements and detects the rotation state of the detected shaft from the light reception output,
An A-phase signal whose signal level is inverted every 180 degrees from the received light output, a B-phase signal whose phase is shifted by 90 degrees in electrical angle from the A phase and whose signal level is inverted every 180 degrees, and every 180 degrees A first step of generating a reference phase (ref) signal that inverts to the rising side at a timing when the signal level is inverted and the signal levels of the A phase signal and the B phase signal are both zero;
A second for determining whether or not the power supply common terminal is not connected to the plurality of light receiving elements based on at least the signal levels of the A phase, the B phase, and the reference phase (ref) generated in the first step; Steps,
An unconnected detection method for a power supply common terminal, comprising:
上記第2ステップを、マイクロコンピュータ構成の判定手段により、行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電源コモン端子の未接続検出方法。   2. The method for detecting an unconnected power source common terminal according to claim 1, wherein the second step is performed by a microcomputer configuration determination unit. 上記第2ステップを、ロジック回路構成の判定手段により、行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電源コモン端子の未接続検出方法。   2. The method for detecting unconnected power source common terminals according to claim 1, wherein the second step is performed by means for determining a logic circuit configuration. 上記第2ステップが、上記三者の信号レベルそれぞれの合計レベルがゼロのときに記電源コモン端子が上記複数の受光素子に未接続であると判定する、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電源コモン端子の未接続検出方法。   2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the second step determines that the power supply common terminal is not connected to the plurality of light receiving elements when a total level of each of the three signal levels is zero. Method for detecting the disconnection of the power supply common terminal. 上記第2ステップが、上記三者の信号レベルそれぞれが同時にゼロになるタイミングが存在するとき上記電源コモン端子が上記複数の受光素子に未接続であると判定する、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電源コモン端子の未接続検出方法。   2. The second step determines that the power supply common terminal is not connected to the plurality of light receiving elements when there is a timing at which the signal levels of the three parties simultaneously become zero. The method for detecting the disconnection of the power supply common terminal as described in 1. 請求項1に記載の方法における、上記第1ステップを実行する信号生成手段と、上記第2ステップを実行するマイクロコンピュータ構成の判定手段と、を備え、上記判定手段は、少なくとも上記三者の信号レベルそれぞれの合計レベルがゼロであるか否か、または少なくとも上記三者の信号レベルそれぞれが同時にゼロになるタイミングが存在するか否かにより、上記電源コモン端子が上記複数の受光素子に未接続であるか否かを判定する、ことを特徴とするロータリエンコーダ。   2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: signal generating means for executing the first step; and microcomputer determining means for executing the second step, wherein the determining means includes at least the signals of the three parties. The power supply common terminal is not connected to the plurality of light receiving elements depending on whether the total level of each level is zero or whether there is a timing at which each of the three signal levels simultaneously becomes zero. A rotary encoder characterized by determining whether or not there is a rotary encoder. 請求項1に記載の方法における、上記第1ステップを実行する信号生成手段と、上記第2ステップを実行するロジック回路構成の判定手段と、を備え、上記判定手段は、少なくとも上記三者の信号のOR条件から、上記電源コモン端子が上記複数の受光素子に未接続であるか否かを判定する、ことを特徴とするロータリエンコーダ。   2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: signal generating means for executing the first step; and logic circuit configuration determining means for executing the second step, wherein the determining means includes at least the signals of the three parties. And determining whether the power supply common terminal is not connected to the plurality of light receiving elements from the OR condition.
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