JP5089410B2 - Water depth measuring device, water depth measuring method, estimation method of sediment accumulation on the bottom of the water - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a device for measuring the water depth of a dam or the like from a revetment, a water depth measuring method using this device, and a method for estimating the amount of sediment on the bottom of the water.

  Sediment flows from the upstream river into the dam and accumulates in the dam. Thus, when the amount of sediment deposited in the dam increases, the load acting on the dam increases. Therefore, periodically measure the depth of water in the dam, estimate the amount of sediment in the dam based on the measured depth, and perform sand removal work if the amount exceeds the specified amount. Yes.

As a method for measuring such a water depth, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a measurement rope in which a float pole floating on a water surface is extended from a reference position of a waterside to a measurement position, a weight is connected to the tip, and a scale is displayed. Describes how to measure the depth of water by feeding the instrument along the float pole and then hanging the measurement rope from the tip of the float pole until the weight reaches the bottom of the water and reading the scale of the measurement rope at the reference position. Has been.
JP-A-9-243363

  However, in the method described in Patent Document 1, the float pole must be extended from the water side along the water surface to the reference position, and measurement must be performed from the water side. For this reason, there existed a problem that water depth could not be measured from the position away from watersides, such as the upper part of a dam or a dam, for example.

  This invention is made | formed in view of said problem, The objective is to enable it to measure water depth even if it is a position away from the waterside.

Depth measuring apparatus of the present invention, a rod, a winding member attached to one end vicinity of the rod, is fed from the winding member, depending from the rod is guided along the rod, the tip on one side A plurality of measure members each having a scale according to the distance from the surface, and a plurality of flat holes that are provided along the rod at a plurality of positions including the tip of the rod and through which the measure member is inserted. A guide member, and a weight attached to the tip of the measure member, the measure member being guided along the rod by the guide member so that the one surface on which the scale is displayed faces downward. The one surface hangs down through a guide member provided at the tip of the rod so that the one surface faces the winding member side .

  Further, the water depth measurement method of the present invention is a method of measuring the water depth using the above-mentioned water depth measurement device so that the drooping portion of the measure member reaches above the water surface at the position to be measured. You may measure the water depth by arrange | positioning the said rod, extending | stretching the said measure member until the said weight reaches | attains the water bottom with the said winding member, and reading the scale in the water surface height of the said measure member.

  Further, the method for estimating the amount of sediment deposited on the bottom of the present invention measures the water depth as a reference for the state where no sediment is deposited on the bottom of the water and the current water depth by the above-described water depth measurement method, It is characterized by estimating the amount of sediment deposited based on the difference between the measured water depth and the current water depth.

  According to the present invention, since the scale corresponding to the height of the water surface of the measure drooping from a part of the rod is read, the water depth can be measured even from a position different from the water surface or a position away from the waterside.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a water depth measuring device of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a water depth measuring apparatus 10 of the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the water depth measuring device 10 includes a rod 11 having a grip portion 11A that a measurer grips when performing measurement, a plurality of measure guides 13 attached to the rod 11, and a measure guide 13. A measure 15 that is guided and hangs down from the tip of the rod 11, a winding device 14 that can wind and send out the measure 15 attached to the gripping part 11 </ b> A side of the rod 11, and a weight 16 attached to the tip of the measure 15. Consists of.

  The rod 11 is composed of a plurality of carbon cylindrical members 12 whose diameter decreases from the gripping portion 11A toward the tip, and can be contracted by accommodating the plurality of cylindrical members 12 in a nested manner. In addition, on the side surface of the rod 11, a scale 11 </ b> B indicating the distance from the tip in a state where the rod 11 is extended is displayed.

  On one surface of the measure 15, a scale indicating the distance from the end to which the weight 16 is attached is displayed. The major guide 13 is made of a member in which a flat hole (not shown) through which the major 15 can be inserted is formed. The major 15 is inserted into the hole of the major guide 13 so that the surface on which the scale is displayed is lower. It is guided along the rod 11 in a state of being directed to the side. Further, the measure guide 13A attached to the tip of the rod 11 is bent substantially vertically, and the measure 15 reaching the tip of the rod 11 is guided by the measure guide 13A and hangs down. By being guided by the measure guides 13 and 13A in this way, the surface of the scale 15 where the scale is displayed is directed toward the gripping portion 11A.

  The winding device 14 includes a roll (not shown) around which the measure 15 is wound, and the measure 15 can be fed and wound by rotating a handle 14A attached to the roll.

Hereinafter, a method for measuring the amount of sediment deposited using the water depth measuring apparatus 10 of the present embodiment will be described. In the following description, an example in which the amount of sediment deposited at a measurement point at a predetermined distance from the dam is measured will be described.
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a method of measuring the amount of sediment deposited using the water depth measuring device 10. As shown in the figure, the measurer 20 extends the rod 11 so that the tip of the rod 11 reaches a predetermined measurement position substantially horizontally from the top of the dam 21 toward the water. Specifically, the distance indicated by the scale displayed on the side of the rod 11 at the position of the end E (see FIG. 2) of the dam 21 is equal to the distance from the end of the dam 21 to the measurement position. From the cylindrical member 12 on the distal end side, it is fed toward the measurement position in order.

  Next, the measure 15 is fed out by the winding device 14 until the weight 16 attached to the tip of the measure 15 reaches the bottom of the water. Note that the fact that the weight 16 has reached the bottom of the water can be confirmed by, for example, the tension of the measure 14 disappearing.

  Then, the measurer 20 can measure the distance from the weight 16 to the water surface, that is, the current water depth by reading the scale of the measure 14 corresponding to the water surface height using visual observation or binoculars.

  The thickness of the accumulated earth and sand 22 can be obtained by calculating the difference between the current water depth measured in this way and the water depth in a state where no earth and sand are accumulated. By measuring at the measurement point, the amount of sediment 22 can be estimated. The water depth in the state where the earth and sand 22 are not deposited may be the value measured when the earth and sand 22 is removed, the bottom of the water in the dam is substantially the same height, and the earth and sand 22 is accumulated. You may use the value measured in the place which is not.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, in order to read the scale corresponding to the height of the water surface of the measure 15 depending from the tip of the rod 11, at a position where the height is different from the water surface or a position away from the waterside. Even if it is, the water depth can be measured.

  In addition, the measure 15 may twist due to wind or waves generated in the water in the dam. If the measure 15 is twisted by the wind or wave, the measurer 20 confirms the surface on which the scale is displayed. However, the surface on the side where the scale of the portion of the measure 15 depending from the tip of the rod 11 is displayed by the measure guide 13 is the holding portion 11A side of the rod 11 (that is, the side where the measurer 20 is present). ), The scale can be confirmed reliably without being affected by wind and waves, and the measurement effort can be reduced.

Further, since the rod 11 is composed of a plurality of carbon cylindrical members 12, the measuring device 10 is light and easy to work with, and the rod 11 can be extended and contracted, so that it can be carried in a compact state.
In this embodiment, the rod 11 is configured to be extendable / contractable by being configured by a plurality of cylindrical members 12 having different diameters, but the rod 11 is not necessarily required to be extendable / contractable. However, by making the rod 11 extendable and retractable, it is not bulky when carried and has good workability.

It is a water depth measuring device of this embodiment. It is a figure which shows a mode that the water depth is measured using the water depth measuring apparatus of this embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Water depth measuring device 11 Rod 11A Holding part 12 Cylindrical member 13 Measure guide 14 Winding device 15 Measure 16 Weight 20 Measurer 21 Dam 22 Earth and sand

Claims (3)

The rod,
A winding member attached in the vicinity of one end of the rod;
A measuring member that is drawn out from the winding member, is guided along the rod, and hangs down from the rod, and a scale according to the distance from the tip is displayed on one surface ;
A plurality of guide members formed along the rod at a plurality of positions including the tip of the rod, and formed with flat holes through which the measure member is inserted,
A weight attached to the tip of the measure member;
The measure member is guided along the rod by the guide member so that the one surface on which the scale is displayed is directed downward, and the one surface is inserted through the guide member provided at the tip of the rod. A water depth measuring device that hangs down so as to face the winding member . A method for measuring water depth using the water depth measuring device according to claim 1 ,
The rod is arranged so that the hanging part of the measure member reaches above the water surface at the position to be measured,
The measure member is extended until the weight reaches the bottom of the water by the winding member,
A water depth measuring method, wherein the water depth is measured by reading a scale at the water surface height of the measure member. According to the water depth measurement method according to claim 2, the water depth that is a reference for the state in which no sediment is deposited on the bottom of the water and the current water depth are respectively measured.
A method for estimating an estimated amount of sedimentation, comprising estimating the amount of sedimentation based on a difference between the measured reference water depth and a current water depth.

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