JP5087711B1 - Pressure vessel for pressure, pressure vessel for vacuum and pressure vessel for both pressure and vacuum - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To manually operate a plurality of fastening portions for sealing a container main body and a lid one by one, which takes time and reduces the workability and hinders automation.
A pressure vessel main body having an air supply / exhaust port, an outer lid attached to the opening of the pressure vessel main body so as to be openable and closable, a back pressure chamber is formed inside the outer lid, and the back pressure chamber can be moved in the front-rear direction. A pressure vessel for both pressurized and vacuum with an inner lid to be accommodated, wherein a vent hole is bored in the outer lid and the inner lid, and the back pressure chamber and the inside of the pressure vessel body through the vent hole bored in the inner lid. Can be communicated and sealed, and the inner lid rod that extends from the center of one side of the inner lid in the direction of the outer lid penetrates the through-hole drilled in the middle of the outer lid, and the inner lid rod can be reciprocated in the long axis direction. Then, either the outer lid or the inner lid vent hole is formed by using a sealing screw or an air hole switching portion or by pressurizing or depressurizing the inside of the pressure vessel body with an inner lid provided between the outer lid and the inner lid. And the other can be opened.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a pressure vessel that can be easily automated as a pressurized or vacuum vessel.

  Conventional pressure vessels have used fastening means such as bolts / nuts, screws or clamps as means for sealing the container body and the lid. However, manually operating the fastening portions at a plurality of locations one by one took time, causing not only a reduction in workability but also a factor in preventing automation. The invention described in Patent Document 1 is disclosed as a solution to such a problem. An object of the present invention is to improve workability by providing a cylinder chamber and a sliding plate on a lid that opens and closes an opening, and bringing the sliding plate into close contact with the front wall of the opening.

JP-A-60-53300

  However, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, when pressurized gas is supplied from the pipes 9 and 14 to the chamber 1 and the cylinder chamber 6, the pressure in the cylinder chamber increases rapidly and the sliding plate 7 moves to the opening side. However, a packing 16 that seals the cylinder chamber is provided on the peripheral surface of the sliding plate. In particular, in the case of a large sliding plate, the sliding plate can be moved parallel to the opening side only by the pressure difference. Difficult cases are assumed. Also, when the lid is opened, the chamber and the cylinder chamber are opened to the atmosphere or depressurized. In this case, the pressure is reduced from the small-volume cylinder chamber in the same way as when pressurizing, so the sliding plate moves to the lid side and seals. Is opened and the contents are damaged or leaked to the outside. Further, when used as a vacuum vessel, the cylinder chamber side is depressurized and the sliding plate is drawn toward the tube 14 side, so that the seal does not function and there is a weak point that cannot be used as a vacuum vessel. Further, in the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 1, it seems that the outer lid 5 covers the entire front wall of the opening, but the left and right portions of the front wall of the opening are not covered. In this respect, the present invention can freely move the inner lid 13 via the inner lid rod, so that the sealing performance is not impaired during pressurization or vacuum. In addition, since the entire side surface portion of the container body flange portion and the outer lid flange portion is crimped by the outer lid mounting cover, they can be completely adhered to each other, and furthermore, the container body flange portion and the outer lid can be simply moved by sliding the outer lid mounting cover. It is excellent in that the flange part can be attached and detached.

  Further, conventionally, no pressure vessel that can be used for both pressurization and vacuum in the same vessel without exchanging the vessel has been found, and when the pressurization treatment is performed after the workpiece is vacuum-treated, or vice versa, Not only is the work piece refilled into a dedicated container each time, it is very inconvenient, but the significance of the vacuum treatment is lost by exposing the work piece to the outside air. For example, when a drug is infiltrated into wood, it is effective to apply a pressure treatment by simultaneously injecting the contaminants clogged in the conduits and cells in the wood by vacuum treatment. When exposed to the air after vacuum treatment, the contaminants in the air will permeate again into the conduits and cells that have sucked out the contaminants. Lost. The main object of the present invention is to solve the above problems by first attaching the outer cover mounting cover divided into two parts to the outer cover flange and the container body flange, and placing the other flange in the gap between the outer cover mounting cover. Automation is greatly advanced by allowing the lid to be easily opened and closed simply by sliding in and out. Second, both vacuum processing and pressurization processing can be performed without replacing the workpiece. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pressure vessel that can perform both vacuum processing and pressurization processing by simply switching a compressor or a vacuum pump.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a pressure vessel main body having an air supply / exhaust port for supplying or discharging gas, an outer lid attached to the opening of the pressure vessel main body so as to be openable and closable, In the pressure vessel having a back pressure chamber formed therein and having an inner lid that is accommodated in the back pressure chamber so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, a vent hole is formed in the outer lid and the inner lid, and a through hole is formed in the inner lid. The back pressure chamber and the inside of the pressure vessel main body can be communicated with each other through the pores, and each of the vent holes can be sealed, and an inner lid rod extending from the central portion of one side of the inner lid toward the outer lid is provided at the center of the outer lid. The inner lid is opened to the opening by pulling the inner lid toward the outer lid or pressing the inner lid rod by a moving means that moves through the through-hole formed in the portion and moves the inner lid rod in the long axis direction. It will be in close contact with the peripheral wall and the inner wall of the outer lid and sealed with a sealing member And a pressure vessel for pressurization by sealing the vent hole of the outer lid and opening the vent hole of the inner lid, and for vacuum by sealing the vent hole of the inner lid and opening the vent hole of the outer lid. A pressure / vacuum pressure vessel that can be applied to either pressurization or vacuum, characterized by being a pressure vessel.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a pressure vessel main body having an air supply / exhaust port for supplying or discharging gas, an outer lid attached to the opening of the pressure vessel main body so as to be openable and closable, A pressure vessel having a back pressure chamber formed inside the lid and having an inner lid that is accommodated in the back pressure chamber so as to be movable in the front-rear direction. The inner lid has a vent hole communicating with the back pressure chamber and the inside of the pressure vessel body. The inner lid rod extending in the direction of the outer lid from the central portion of one side of the inner lid penetrates the through-hole drilled in the central portion of the outer lid, and the inner lid rod moves in the long axis direction. The inner lid is pulled to the outer lid side by means, or the inner lid rod is pressed to bring the inner lid into close contact with the peripheral wall of the opening and the inner wall of the outer lid, and is sealed with a seal member. Use a pressure vessel for pressurization.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a pressure vessel main body having an air supply / exhaust port for supplying or discharging gas, an outer lid attached to the opening of the pressure vessel main body so as to be openable and closable, In a pressure vessel having a back pressure chamber formed inside the lid and having an inner lid that is housed in the back pressure chamber so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, a vent hole is formed in the outer lid to communicate the back pressure chamber with the outside. In addition, an inner lid rod extending in the direction of the outer lid from the central portion of one side of the inner lid passes through a through hole formed in the central portion of the outer lid, and is moved by a moving means that moves the inner lid rod in the major axis direction. The vacuum cover is configured to draw the lid toward the outer lid or press the inner lid rod so that the inner lid is brought into close contact with the peripheral wall of the opening and the inner wall of the outer lid and is sealed with a seal member. Use a pressure vessel.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention comprises a vent hole switching portion that penetrates the vent hole of the outer lid and the vent hole of the inner lid so as to be movable in the major axis direction. Either the vent of the outer lid is sealed by moving in the forward or reverse direction to open the vent of the inner lid, or conversely, the vent of the outer lid is opened to seal the vent of the inner lid. Preferably, the pressure vessel also serves as a pressurizing vacuum.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an intermediate lid between the outer lid and the inner lid, and an inner lid rod is slidable in a through hole formed in the center of the inner lid. The inner lid and the outer lid inner wall surface and the inner lid and the inner lid rod peripheral wall portion can be sealed with a seal member, and the inner lid is pushed into the opening by pressing the inner lid rod. When pressurized gas is supplied into the pressure vessel main body in close contact with the peripheral wall and the inner wall of the outer lid, the inner lid is in close contact with the outer lid, the vent hole of the outer lid is sealed, and the vent hole of the inner lid is opened. When the pressure inside the pressure vessel is reduced by sucking and depressurizing the gas in the pressure vessel body, the inner lid comes into close contact with the inner lid, the inner lid vent hole is sealed, and the outer lid vent hole is opened. It is preferable that the pressure vessel is also used as a pressure vacuum. .

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a pair of outer lid mounting covers having a U-shaped cross section and a hollow shape covering the pressure vessel main body flange portion and the outer lid flange portion in front view. The outer cover mounting cover is placed so that the outer cover mounting cover faces each other inward, with one side fixed to the outer cover flange part and the other to the pressure vessel main body flange part. Slide the outer flange part of the outer lid without the slid into the gap between the opposing cover mounting cover, and the pressure vessel body flange part without the outer cover slid into the opposing outer cover mounting cover. Preferably, the pressure vessel is configured such that the outer lid and the pressure vessel main body are configured to be in close contact with and away from each other.

  Since the pressure vessel according to the present invention is configured as described above, the pressure vessel according to claim 1 can be used for both a pressure vessel and a vacuum vessel with a simple operation, and has a very wide range of use. In this way, the lid and the pressure vessel can be easily attached and detached as compared with those using a number of fastening means such as bolts, nuts, screws or clamps, and no vibration occurs. The pressure vessel main body and the outer lid are detachably attached by a mounting cover and can be easily separated, which is convenient for cleaning and maintenance of the vessel. When the lid is opened, the lid can be opened while the sealing function of the container is maintained by simply opening the intake / exhaust port to the atmosphere, so that the contents in the container are not damaged or leaked to the outside. Furthermore, there is an effect that can be easily automated.

In the pressure vessel according to claim 1 of the present invention, (a) is a cross-sectional view showing a state before the cap of the pressure vessel is pressed by the inner lid cylinder device 25, and (b) is a view of the pressure vessel of the inner lid cylinder. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which pressed the cap. In the (pressurization) pressure vessel according to the first embodiment of the present invention, (a) is an explanatory view showing a state before the cap of the pressure vessel is pressed by the inner lid cylinder device 25, and (b) is an inner lid. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which pressed the cap of the pressure vessel with the cylinder 25, (c) is explanatory drawing which shows the self-holding state after separating the inner lid cylinder 25. FIG. In the (vacuum) pressure vessel according to the second embodiment of the present invention, (a) is an explanatory view showing a state before the cap of the pressure vessel is pressed by the inner lid cylinder 25, and (b) is an inner lid cylinder 25. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which pressed the cap of the pressure vessel, and (c) is explanatory drawing which shows the self-holding state after separating the inner lid cylinder 25. FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which isolate | separated the outer cover and pressure vessel main body of the pressure vessel of Claim 1 which concerns on this invention. In the pressure vessel according to the first aspect of the present invention, (a) is a front view of an outer lid mounting cover for tightly coupling the main body and the outer lid, and (b) is a sectional view thereof. In the (pressurization) pressure vessel according to the third embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a cross-sectional view before pressurization with the inner lid rod pulled, and (b) is during pressurization when the inner lid rod is pressed. It is sectional drawing. (A) is sectional drawing before the vacuum which pulled the inner lid rod in the (vacuum) pressure vessel of 3rd Embodiment which concerns on this invention, (b) is sectional drawing at the time of the vacuum which pressed the inner lid rod. is there. (A) is the elements on larger scale of Drawing 6 (a), and (b) is the elements on larger scale of Drawing 6 (b). (A) is the elements on larger scale of Drawing 7 (a), (a) is the elements on larger scale of Drawing 7 (b). In a pressure vessel in which screw holes are provided in the outer lid and the inner lid, the inner lid cylinder device 25a is connected to the inner lid rod, (a) is a sectional view in which the inner lid rod is pulled, and (b) is the inner lid. It is sectional drawing which pressed the rod. (A) is sectional drawing which shows the state which pressurizes an inner lid rod and supplies pressurized gas in a pressure vessel main body with a compressor in the pressure vessel for pressurized vacuum of 4th Embodiment which concerns on this invention, ( b) is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the inner lid rod is pressed and the gas in the pressure vessel body is sucked by a vacuum pump. It is sectional drawing before the pressurization thru | or the vacuum which pulled the inner cover rod in the pressure vessel for pressurized vacuum of 4th Embodiment which concerns on this invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “embodiments”) will be described with reference to the drawings. The pressure vessel according to claim 1 functions as the pressure vessel for pressurization according to claim 2 by sealing the vent hole of the outer lid and opening the vent hole of the inner lid, and conversely sealing the vent hole of the inner lid. 4. A pressure / vacuum pressure vessel that functions as a vacuum pressure vessel according to claim 3 by opening a vent hole in an outer lid. Therefore, about embodiment of this invention, the pressure vessel which concerns on 1st Embodiment used as a pressure vessel for pressurization of Claim 1, The pressure vessel which concerns on 2nd Embodiment used as a vacuum pressure vessel, A pressure vessel according to a third embodiment including an inner lid cylinder device 25a for reciprocating an inner lid rod and a vent hole switching unit 30 that reciprocates by an air vent switching cylinder device 25b will be described. Description of the pressure vessel to be described is omitted. The reference numerals used in the drawings are basically the same for the common parts.

  The pressure vessel 1 according to claim 1 is a pressure vessel main body 11 having an air supply / exhaust port 16 for supplying or discharging a gas as shown in FIG. 1 and an outside attached to the opening 14 of the pressure vessel main body 11 so as to be openable and closable. In a pressure vessel comprising a lid 12 and a back pressure chamber 15 formed inside the outer lid 12 and housed in the back pressure chamber 15 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, the outer lid 12 and the inner lid 13 The back pressure chamber and the inside of the pressure vessel main body are communicated with each other through the vent hole 17 formed in the inner lid and the inner side of the inner lid 13 is sealed. A rod 18 extending in the direction of the outer lid slidably passes through a through hole 19 formed in the center of the outer lid, and a spring member 21 is placed between the cap 20 and the outer lid 12 attached to the tip. The inner lid 13 is held by the repulsive force of the spring member 21 and the outer lid 12 is sandwiched. The inner lid 13 is brought into close contact with the peripheral wall (flange) 14a of the opening portion of the opening 14 and the inner wall 12a of the outer lid by being drawn or pressed against the cap 20, and is sealed by the sealing members 22a, 22b, 22c. The pressure hole is pressurized by sealing the vent hole 17a of the outer lid 12 and opening the vent hole 17b of the inner lid 13, and conversely, the vent hole 17b of the inner lid 13 is sealed and the vent hole 17a of the outer lid 12 is sealed. This is a pressure / vacuum pressure vessel that becomes a vacuum pressure vessel by opening

  Further, a compressor or vacuum pump (not shown) and a gas delivery pipe are connected to the air supply / exhaust port 16 on the bottom wall portion 11a of the pressure vessel main body 11. The outer lid 12 and the pressure vessel main body 11 are detachably attached by an outer lid attachment cover 24 according to the invention described in claim 6. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, a pair of outer lid mounting covers, for example, semicircular donuts, are formed in a hollow shape covering the pressure vessel main body flange portion and the outer lid flange portion in a front view with a U-shaped cross section. One of 24a and 24b is fixed to the outer lid side, and the other is fixed to the pressure vessel main body side, for example, by a retaining screw 26 (see FIG. 4), and the gap between the outer lid flange portion 12c and the lid mounting cover 24b, the pressure vessel main body The gaps between the flange portion 11c and the outer lid mounting cover 24a are arranged opposite to each other, and are slid and fitted in the proximity direction indicated by the arrows so that the outer lid 12 and the pressure vessel main body 11 are tightly coupled to each other. In the present embodiment, the pressure vessel main body 11 is exemplified as a cylindrical shape, but is not limited to the cylindrical shape, and other cylindrical shapes such as a square tube may be used, and the shape of the outer lid mounting cover may be the same as that of the pressure vessel main body or the outer lid. What is necessary is just to form the thing according to a shape.

  A cylindrical rod 18 is suspended from the center of the inner lid 13, the tip of the rod 18 is formed in a slightly thin step shape, and a hook-like cap 20 is covered on the tip. The spring member 21 sandwiched between the 20 flanges 20a and the outer lid 12 preferably uses a spring-like elastic spring. The cap 20 is disposed so as to be pressed by an inner lid cylinder device 25 such as an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder. The cap is fixed to the rod tip with a screw 26. Further, an elongated circular groove 29 is formed on the surface of the inner lid rod 18 in the axial direction, and an anti-rotation projection 28 that fits into the groove is inserted from the through hole peripheral wall of the outer lid so that the rod or outer lid is located with respect to the axis. It is preferable to take measures to prevent the circulation.

  The vent hole 17 is composed of vent holes 17a, 17b, and 17c that penetrate the outer lid 12, the inner lid 13, and the support plate 23 in this order. Further, screw holes are formed in the vent holes 17a and 17b, and are configured to be screwed with the first and second sealing screws 27a and 27b, respectively. The inside of the pressure vessel main body 11 and the back pressure chamber 15 are communicated with each other through a vent hole 17 b formed in the inner lid 13. In order to maintain the sealing function, it is preferable to wind a sealing tape around the sealing screw in advance. On the other hand, a seal member 22 a that seals between the pressure vessel body 11 and the support plate 23 is provided on the peripheral wall surface of the inner lid 13 on the opening 14 side. Is provided with a seal member 22b for sealing between the outer lid and a seal member 22c for sealing with the inner lid rod 18 on the through hole 19 side of the outer lid 12. Each seal member is not particularly limited, but it is usually preferable to use an O-ring or an oil seal.

  In the pressure vessel according to the first embodiment including the invention described in claim 1, the vent hole 17a of the outer lid 12 is sealed by screwing with the first sealing screw 27a, and the other vent holes 17b and 17c are Open (see FIG. 2a). The outer lid 12 is tightly coupled to the pressure vessel main body 11 by outer lid mounting covers 24a and 24b, and the piston rod head portion (simply referred to as “cylinder device”) of the inner lid cylinder device 25 is advanced to advance the inner lid rod 18 tip. When the cap 20 attached to is pressed, the inner lid 13 moves to the pressure vessel main body side and comes into close contact with the peripheral wall surface 14a of the opening 14 (see FIG. 2b). Thereafter, when pressurized gas is supplied from the air supply / exhaust port 16, the pressurized gas enters the back pressure chamber 15 through the inside of the pressure vessel body and the vent hole 17b. The pressurized gas that has entered the back pressure chamber 15 acts to move the inner lid 13 toward the pressure vessel body with a force obtained by multiplying the pressure receiving area S1 of the inner lid 13 by pressure. On the other hand, from the pressure vessel main body side to the back pressure chamber side, a force is applied to move the inner lid 13 to the outer lid side by a force obtained by multiplying the pressure receiving area S2 by pressure. According to Pascal's principle, the pressure p acting on the pressure receiving areas S1 and S2 is the same, so the back pressure (F = pΔS) obtained by multiplying the difference between the two areas (ΔS = S1−S2) by the pressure p is obtained. Arise. A positive back pressure is generated under the condition of S1> S2, and the inner lid 13 is subjected to a force to move to the pressure vessel body side to reach a pressure self-holding state, the sealing is maintained, and the inner lid cylinder device 25 is retracted. To separate from the tip of the rod 18 (see FIG. 2c).

  Next, a pressure vessel according to a second embodiment including the invention of claim 1 will be described with reference to FIG. In the pressure vessel according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3A, the vent hole 17b of the inner lid 13 is sealed by being screwed with the second sealing screw, and the other vent holes 17a and 17c are opened. Except for this, it is the same as the pressure vessel according to the first embodiment. In the pressure vessel according to the present embodiment, the vent hole 17b of the inner lid 13 is sealed with the second sealing screw, so that the cap 20 is pressed by the inner lid cylinder device 25 so that the inner lid 13 is When closely attached to the opening flange 14a of the opening 14 and the inner wall 12a of the outer lid, it is sealed by the seal members 22a, 22b, and 22c (see FIG. 3b). Thereafter, if the gas in the container is sucked from the air supply / exhaust port 16 with a vacuum pump or the like, the inside of the container is maintained in a vacuum state, and the pressure self-holding state is maintained and the sealing is maintained. Separated from the tip (see FIG. 3c).

  Next, a pressure vessel according to a third embodiment including the invention described in claim 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. This pressure vessel is different from the first embodiment or the second embodiment described above in that a vent hole switching cylinder device 25b is used instead of sealing either the vent hole of the outer lid or the vent hole of the inner lid with a sealing screw. As a reciprocating means for reciprocating the inner lid rod in the major axis direction using a vent hole switching portion 30 that reciprocates by means of a spring member 21 between the cap 20 at the tip of the inner lid rod and the outer lid 12. It is the same as that of 1st Embodiment or 2nd Embodiment except using the inner cover cylinder apparatus 25a which can reciprocately move an inner cover rod instead of providing this. The inner lid cylinder device 25a and the vent hole switching cylinder device 25b are provided with a pedestal 25c at a target location, a cylinder head portion 25d abutting against the pedestal and penetrating through a hole in the central portion of the pedestal, and a piston head portion 25e and an inner lid rod. It connects with 18 thru | or the ventilation hole switching part 30. FIG.

  The vent hole switching unit 30 is connected to the vent hole switching cylinder device 25b, and is provided with seal members 30c and 30c that are separated from each other at two central portions of the cylindrical shape so as to be able to seal, in the vicinity of the seal members. A plurality of groove-shaped air passages 30a and 30b are formed from the left to the right end direction. When used as a pressure vessel for pressurization, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, the seal members 30c, 30c are locked in the vent holes of the outer lid when the vent hole switching portion 30 is pulled toward the outer lid side. Thus, the vent hole of the outer lid is sealed. Further, as shown in FIGS. 6B and 8B, when the inner lid rod 18 is pressed and the inner lid comes into close contact with the flange portion of the pressure vessel main body, the first air passages 30a and 30a near the pressure vessel main body. The inside of the pressure vessel main body and the back pressure chamber are communicated with each other through the pressure gas into the back pressure chamber.

  Next, when used as a vacuum pressure vessel, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 9, the seal members 30c, 30c are connected to the inner lid vent hole 17b when the vent hole switching unit 30 is pushed into the pressure vessel main body. The inner lid vent hole is hermetically sealed. Further, as shown in FIGS. 7B and 9B, when the inner lid rod 18 is pressed and the inner lid is brought into close contact with the flange portion of the pressure vessel body, the second air passages 30b and 30b on the outer lid side are formed. The back pressure chamber communicates with the outside through the outer lid vent hole 17a, and the back pressure chamber communicates with the outside through the second vent passages 30b and 30b to allow the outside air to enter the back pressure chamber. Can be moved smoothly. By moving the inner lid cylinder device 25a in the forward and reverse directions as described above, the outer lid vent hole 17a is sealed and the inner lid vent hole 17b is opened, or conversely, the outer lid vent hole 17a is opened. Any one of the sealing of the inner lid vent hole 17b can be switched alternately.

  Further, by connecting the inner lid rod 18 to the inner lid cylinder device 25a capable of reciprocating movement with the pressure vessel of the third embodiment, there is no spring member like the pressure vessel of the first or second embodiment. The inner lid can be easily reciprocated. In the case of a large pressure vessel, it is difficult to move with a spring member, so it is preferable to use the inner lid cylinder device 25a according to the present embodiment. In the case of a relatively small pressure vessel, the pressure vessel of the first or second embodiment is more convenient because it is easier to handle with a spring member. The operation of the pressure vessel as the pressurizing pressure vessel or the vacuum pressure vessel may be performed in accordance with the pressure vessel of the first or second embodiment, and the description is omitted. Further, the pressure vessel for connecting the inner lid rod to the inner lid cylinder device 25a capable of reciprocating movement is not limited to the pressure vessel of the third embodiment, and a vent hole like the pressure vessel of the first or second embodiment. The pressure vessel may be sealed with a sealing screw (see FIG. 10).

  Next, a pressure vessel according to a fourth embodiment including the invention described in claim 5 will be described with reference to FIGS. The pressure vessel for both pressurized and vacuum according to claim 1, wherein an inner lid 31 is provided between the outer lid 12 and the inner 13, and an inner lid rod 18 is provided in a through-hole drilled in a central portion of the inner lid 31. The inner lid and the outer lid inner wall surface and the inner lid and the inner lid rod peripheral wall portion are configured to be sealed by seal members 22d and 22e, respectively, as shown in FIG. The pressure vessel main body is not sealed when the lid rod 18 is pulled, but the pressure vessel is pressed in a state where the inner lid is brought into close contact with the peripheral wall of the opening and the inner wall of the outer lid by pressing the inner lid rod 18. When pressurized gas is supplied into the main body, the inner lid comes into close contact with the inner surface of the outer lid, the vent hole 17a of the outer lid is sealed, and the vent hole 17b of the inner lid is opened to form a pressure vessel for pressurization (see FIG. 11a). , Suction and decompress the gas in the pressure vessel body The vacuum pressure vessel by the inner lid vents 17b in close contact with the lid on the inner lid is opened vents 17a of the sealed outer lid (see FIG. 11b). According to the pressure vessel for both pressure and vacuum of the present invention, it is not necessary to manually open and close the vent holes of the outer lid and the inner lid, and the pressure vessel for pressurization can be obtained by simply pressurizing or depressurizing the gas in the main body of the pressure vessel. Or since it is used as a pressure vessel for vacuum, it is very convenient and convenient.

Next, the operation procedure of the pressure vessel according to the first embodiment will be described.
1) The first sealing screw 27a with a sealing tape is screwed into the vent hole 17a of the outer lid 12 of the pressure vessel according to the first aspect to seal the vent hole 17a and the vent hole 17b is opened. To do.
2) The outer lid flange portion 12c and the outer lid mounting cover 24a, and the pressure vessel main body flange portion 11c and the outer lid mounting cover 24b are screwed together to be integrated. The integrated outer lid 12 and pressure vessel main body 11 are arranged inward, the other flange portion 11c of the pressure vessel main body is placed in the gap of the lid attachment cover 24a, and the other flange portion 12c of the outer lid is attached to the outer lid. Slides are simultaneously inserted into the gaps of the cover 24b.
3) The cap 20 is pressed by the inner lid cylinder device 25 to move the inner lid 13 to the pressure vessel main body flange 11c so that the inner lid seal member 22a and the inner surface 14a of the pressure vessel main body can be sealed.
4) Start the compressor and supply pressurized gas into the pressure vessel body 11 through the air supply / exhaust port 16.
5) When the pressure p in the pressure vessel main body 11 and the back pressure chamber 15 reaches a predetermined pressure, the air cylinder 25 is retracted. Back pressure is generated and the pressure self-holding state is maintained.
6) In order to take out the contents of the pressure vessel, first, for the sake of safety, the inner lid cylinder device 25 is advanced, and the pressurized air is discharged from the air supply / exhaust port 16 while the cap 20 is lightly pressed.
7) When the inner lid cylinder device 25 is retracted, the inner lid 13 returns to the inner wall of the outer lid by the force of the spring member 21.
8) When the workpiece is taken out, the outer lid flange 12c, the outer lid mounting cover 24a, the pressure vessel main body flange portion 11c, and the outer lid mounting cover 24b are integrated with each other. It can be opened easily just by sliding along.

Next, the operation procedure of the pressure vessel according to the second embodiment will be described.
1) The second sealing screw 27b with a sealing tape is screwed into the vent hole 17b of the inner lid 13 of the pressure vessel according to the first aspect of the present invention to seal the vent hole 17b and open the vent hole 17a. To do.
2) The outer lid flange portion 12c and the outer lid mounting cover 24a, and the pressure vessel main body flange portion 11c and the outer lid mounting cover 24b are screwed together to be integrated. The integrated outer lid 12 and pressure vessel main body 11 are arranged inward, the other flange portion 11c of the pressure vessel main body is placed in the gap of the lid attachment cover 24a, and the other flange portion 12c of the outer lid is attached to the outer lid. Slides are simultaneously inserted into the gaps of the cover 24b.
3) The cap 20 is pressed by the inner lid cylinder device 25 to move the inner lid 13 to the pressure vessel main body flange 11c so that the inner lid seal member 22a and the inner surface 14a of the pressure vessel main body can be sealed.
4) Start the vacuum pump and suck the gas in the pressure vessel main body 11 from the air supply / exhaust port 16.
5) When the pressure p in the pressure vessel main body 11 reaches a predetermined pressure, the inner lid cylinder device 25 is retracted. The pressure self-holding state is maintained by the suction force of the vacuum pump.
6) In order to take out the contents of the pressure vessel, first, for safety, the inner lid cylinder device 25 is advanced and air is sucked into the pressure vessel main body 11 from the air supply / exhaust port 16 while the cap 20 is lightly pressed.
7) When the inner lid cylinder device 25 is retracted, the inner lid 13 returns to the inner wall of the outer lid by the force of the spring member 21.
8) When the workpiece is taken out, the outer lid flange 12c, the outer lid mounting cover 24a, the pressure vessel main body flange portion 11c, and the outer lid mounting cover 24b are integrated with each other. It can be opened easily just by sliding along.

  In the present invention, since one pressure vessel serves as both a pressure vessel for pressure and a pressure vessel for vacuum, it is not necessary to replace the vessel each time, and it is convenient without any trouble. Compared to conventional products that use many fastening means such as bolts, nuts, screws or clamps, the lid and pressure vessel body can be easily attached and detached, so it can be immediately adapted to automation by robots, and Since it can be provided at an economically reasonable price, it is industrially useful and has sufficient industrial applicability.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pressure vessel 11 Pressure vessel main body 11a Bottom wall part 11b Pressure vessel main body inside 11c Pressure vessel main body flange part 12 Outer lid 12a Outer lid inner wall 12c Outer lid flange part 13 Inner lid 14 Opening part 14a Peripheral wall (flange) of an opening part
15 Back pressure chamber 16 Air supply / exhaust port 17a Outer lid vent hole 17b Inner lid vent hole 17c Support plate vent hole 18 Inner lid rod 19 Through hole 20 Cap 20a Cap collar 21 Spring member 22a Seal member (O-ring)
22b Seal member (O-ring)
22c Seal member (O-ring)
22d Seal member (O-ring)
22e Seal member (O-ring)
23 Seal member support plate 24a Outer cover mounting cover (outer cover side)
24b Outer cover mounting cover (main body side)
25 Inner Cylinder Device 25a Inner Cover Cylinder Device 25b Ventilation Hole Switching Cylinder Device 25c Base 25d Cylinder Head Part 25e Piston Head Part 26 Retaining Screw (Common)
27a 1st sealing screw 27b 2nd sealing screw 28 Circumference prevention protrusion 29 Frame 30 Ventilation hole switching part 30a 1st ventilation path 30b 2nd ventilation path 30c Seal member 31 Middle cover

Claims (6)

  A pressure vessel main body having an air supply / exhaust port for supplying or discharging gas; an outer lid attached to the opening of the pressure vessel main body so as to be openable / closable; In a pressure vessel having an inner lid that is movably accommodated in a direction, a vent hole is bored in the outer lid and the inner lid, and the back pressure chamber and the inside of the pressure vessel main body are passed through the vent hole bored in the inner lid. Each of the vent holes can be sealed, and an inner lid rod extending in the direction of the outer lid from one side central portion of the inner lid passes through a through hole formed in the central portion of the outer lid, The inner lid is brought into close contact with the peripheral wall of the opening and the inner wall of the outer lid by pulling the inner lid toward the outer lid or pressing the inner lid rod by reciprocating means for reciprocating the inner lid rod in the long axis direction. The outer lid is configured to be sealed by a sealing member. And a pressure vessel for pressurization by opening the vent hole in the inner lid, and a pressure vessel for vacuum by sealing the vent hole in the inner lid and opening the vent hole in the outer lid. A pressure vessel that can be used for both pressure and vacuum.   A pressure vessel main body having an air supply / exhaust port for supplying or discharging gas; an outer lid attached to the opening of the pressure vessel main body so as to be openable / closable; In the pressure vessel having an inner lid that is movably accommodated in the direction, the inner lid is provided with a vent hole communicating with the back pressure chamber and the inside of the pressure vessel body, and the outer lid from the center of one surface of the inner lid. The inner lid rod extending in the direction passes through a through hole formed in the central portion of the outer lid, and the inner lid is pulled toward the outer lid by moving means that moves the inner lid rod in the long axis direction or the inner lid A pressure vessel for pressurization, wherein the pressure lid is configured to press the rod so that the inner lid is brought into close contact with the peripheral wall of the opening and the inner wall of the outer lid and is sealed with a seal member.   A pressure vessel main body having an air supply / exhaust port for supplying or discharging gas; an outer lid attached to the opening of the pressure vessel main body so as to be openable / closable; In a pressure vessel having an inner lid that is movably accommodated in a direction, a vent hole that communicates between the back pressure chamber and the outside is formed in the outer lid and extends from the center of one side of the inner lid toward the outer lid. The inner lid rod passes through a through-hole drilled in the center of the outer lid, and the inner lid is pulled toward the outer lid side or pressed by the moving means that moves the inner lid rod in the long axis direction. The pressure vessel for vacuum is characterized in that the inner lid is brought into close contact with the peripheral wall of the opening and the inner wall of the outer lid and sealed with a sealing member.   A vent hole switching portion penetrating the vent hole of the outer lid and the vent hole of the inner lid is provided so as to be movable in the major axis direction, and the vent hole of the outer lid is moved by moving the vent hole switching portion in the forward and reverse directions. It is possible to switch between either sealing and opening the vent hole of the inner lid or conversely opening the vent hole of the outer lid and sealing the vent hole of the inner lid. Item 2. A pressure vessel for both pressurized and vacuum.   An inner lid is provided between the outer lid and the inner lid, and an inner lid rod is slidably passed through a through-hole drilled in a central portion of the inner lid. The inner lid and the inner lid rod peripheral wall portion are configured to be sealable by a seal member, and the inner lid is pressed against the inner lid rod so that the inner lid is in close contact with the peripheral wall of the opening and the inner wall of the outer lid. When pressurized gas is supplied into the inside, the inner lid comes into close contact with the outer lid, and the vent hole of the outer lid is sealed and the vent hole of the inner lid is opened to become a pressure vessel for pressurization or suck the gas in the pressure vessel body. 2. The pressurized vacuum combined use according to claim 1, wherein when the pressure is reduced, the inner lid is brought into close contact with the inner lid, the vent hole of the inner lid is sealed, and the vent hole of the outer lid is opened. Pressure vessel.   One of the pair of outer cover mounting covers, which have a U-shaped cross section and cover the pressure vessel main body flange and outer cover flange in front view, is used as the outer cover flange and the other as the pressure container main body flange. Each of the outer lid mounting covers fixed to one side of the outer lid is arranged so that the outer lid mounting covers face each other inward, and the outer lid flange portion without the outer lid mounting cover is opposed to the lid mounting The outer lid and the pressure vessel main body can be configured to be in close contact with each other by sliding the pressure vessel main body flange, which is not attached with the outer lid mounting cover, into the gap between the opposing outer lid mounting covers. The pressure vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein

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