JP5082736B2 - Deposit removal method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a deposit removing method and a deposit removing apparatus, and more particularly, to a deposit removing method for spraying granular dry ice to drop off deposits adhering to a surface to be cleaned from the surface to be cleaned.

  A dry ice blasting method has been proposed as a deposit removal method for removing deposits attached to the surface of an object such as a ceiling or wall of a building (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). In the dry ice blasting method, granular dry ice is blasted to remove dust and other adhering matter adhering to the surface of the object from the surface of the object by dry ice collision energy. . Thereby, the object (object to be cleaned) is cleaned.

The dry ice blasting method is also carried out during a removal operation in which asbestos (asbestos) adhering to an object surface (such as a ceiling surface or a wall surface) of an existing building is peeled off or dropped from the object surface. Here, asbestos is a harmful substance that can cause severe health problems (for example, asbestosis, lung cancer, mesothelioma) in the human body. Therefore, asbestos removal work is first performed for covering and isolating a space (work space) including a ceiling surface and a wall surface to be removed by asbestos. This prevents dust containing asbestos that has fallen off the surface of the object using the dry ice blasting method from scattering to the outside.
JP 2003-300030 A Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2004-305904 (FIG. 3)

  However, since the work space is cured, it becomes a sealed space. When the dry ice blasting method is performed in such a work space, a large amount of carbon dioxide gas is generated as a result of sublimation (vaporization) of the used dry ice. The generated carbon dioxide gas fills the work space.

  When the work space is filled with carbon dioxide gas, the worker who is working in the work space may be deficient in oxygen. Therefore, workers are exposed to the danger of oxygen deficiency while using dry ice. Therefore, when using dry ice, it is required to ensure the safety of workers in the work space. Such a problem occurs not only when the work space is a sealed space, but also when the work space is a narrow space or a space where air tends to stay.

An object of the present invention is to provide a deposit removal method capable of reliably ensuring the safety of workers in a work space when using dry ice.

In order to achieve the above object, the deposit removal method of the present invention comprises a predetermined space,
Blow off granular dry ice to remove deposits adhering to the surface to be cleaned from the surface to be cleaned,
A deposit removal method for discharging the air in the space out of the space from the lower portion of the space together with carbon dioxide generated as a result of sublimation of the dry ice ,
When the air in the space is discharged out of the space, the deposits that have fallen off are collected by using a filter,
Installing a communication member that communicates the lower part of the space with the outside of the space, and using the communication member to discharge the air in the space;
The communication member includes an exhaust port disposed outside the room, a plurality of air intake ports disposed indoors, and a hollow portion that configures an exhaust path that guides air taken from the air intake port to the exhaust port,
The hollow portion includes a portion constituted by a flexible duct or a telescopic duct, and a rectangular casing constituted by a member different from the flexible duct or the telescopic duct,
The rectangular housing is provided with a shielding member capable of shielding the plurality of air inlets and the respective air inlets,
Among the plurality of intake ports, some of the shielding members open the intake ports, and the remaining shielding members shield the intake ports .

The intake port installed at the recess formed at the lower part of the space or at the corner at the lower part of the space may not be shielded by the shielding member.

When the air in the space is discharged, gas may be supplied from the upper part of the space.

The discharge amount per unit time when discharging the air in the space may be larger than the supply amount per unit time of the gas supplied from the upper part.

According to the deposit removing method of the present invention, when using dry ice, the safety of workers in the work space can be reliably ensured.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, a case where a dry ice blasting method in which dry ice is blown in a building space will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a building in which a dry ice blasting method as a deposit removing method according to the first embodiment of the present invention is performed.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a building 10 has a partition body 11 such as a ceiling or a wall installed on the ground surface 1, and the partition body 11 defines an indoor space 20 together with the ground surface 1. The ground surface 1 may be a floor surface of the building 10. Deposits (not shown) such as dust adhere to the partition inner surface 11a of the partition body 11 (the ceiling surface and wall surface facing the indoor space 20). In the present embodiment, the dry ice blasting method is performed in the indoor space 20 to remove (remove) the deposits such as dust from the compartment inner surface 11a and to clean (clean) the compartment inner surface 11a. . The deposits that have fallen off from the compartment inner surface 11a (hereinafter referred to as “dropped deposits”) fall on the ground surface 1 or float in the indoor space 20.

  In the dry ice blasting method, a blasting machine (not shown) for blasting granular dry ice is used. For this reason, the range in which the blast machine can be sprayed in the indoor space 20 is a work space in which the cleaning work is performed (hereinafter referred to as “work space S”). In the example shown in FIG. 1, a part of the indoor space 20 is a work space S. The position of the work space S in the indoor space 20 is changed by moving the blast machine.

  In the present embodiment, the blower 30 is first installed in the indoor space 20 before the dry ice blasting method is performed (that is, before the cleaning operation is started) (see FIG. 1). The blower 30 is for performing ventilation by moving the air in front of the blower 30 further forward. Also in the indoor space 20, the installation place of the blower 30 is preferably the lower part of the work space S or the vicinity thereof (in FIG. 1, the lower part of the work space S).

  Here, the installation of the blower 30 is performed such that the blowing direction of the blower 30 is a direction from the indoor space 20 toward the outside (outdoors) of the building 10 as indicated by an arrow A in FIG. An opening 11b provided in the partition 11 is located in front of the blower 30 (downstream in the blowing direction). Thereby, if the air blower 30 is driven, it will move the air in the indoor space 20 in front of it to the outdoors via the opening 11b. That is, the blower 30 functions as an exhaust device that discharges the air in the indoor space 20 to the outdoors. Note that the opening 11b of the partition 11 may be a part (lower part) of an entrance / exit from which an operator who performs a cleaning operation can enter and exit.

  Next, the blower 30 is operated to start exhausting. At this time, the blower 30 takes in the air in the indoor space 20 behind, that is, the air in the lower part of the work space S (see arrow B) and supplies it forward. As a result, the air in the lower part of the work space S is also discharged to the outside.

  And the partition inner surface 11a is cleaned by implementing the dry ice blasting method during operation of the blower 30. The dry ice (solid) used at this time is sublimated (vaporized). The volume of carbon dioxide gas generated as a result of this sublimation is about 750 times that of a solid. Accordingly, a large amount of carbon dioxide gas is generated in the work space S. Here, carbon dioxide gas has a higher specific gravity than air. Therefore, the carbon dioxide gas generated in the work space S has the property of being easily filled from the lower part of the indoor space 20 surrounded by the partition 11 and the ground surface 1. Therefore, the air in the lower portion of the indoor space 20, particularly the air in the lower portion of the work space S, contains more carbon dioxide gas than normal air in other spaces.

  According to this Embodiment, since the air blower 30 is operating in the case of the cleaning operation using the dry ice blast method, exhaust is performed. When exhausting, the blower 30 takes in the carbon dioxide gas generated in the work space S from the work space S. As a result, the generated carbon dioxide gas is also exhausted.

  Here, in this Embodiment, the air blower 30 is installed in the lower part of the working space S used as the generation source of a carbon dioxide gas, or its vicinity. For this reason, the blower 30 can quickly take in the carbon dioxide gas to be filled in the lower part of the work space S by utilizing the property that the carbon dioxide gas easily fills the lower part of the indoor space 20. Thereby, the carbon dioxide gas generated in the work space S can be efficiently exhausted.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, since efficient exhaust of carbon dioxide gas can be realized, the generated carbon dioxide gas does not fill the lower portion of the indoor space 20. Therefore, carbon dioxide gas filled from the lower part of the indoor space 20 does not reach the worker's face (upper part of the indoor space 20). In other words, workers are not exposed to the danger of oxygen deficiency. Therefore, according to this Embodiment, the safety | security of the worker in the working space S can be ensured reliably.

  In the above embodiment, the blower 30 is installed in the lower part of the work space S or in the vicinity thereof. However, when the exhaust path corresponding to the arrows A and B in FIG. It may be installed outdoors. The case where the exhaust path shown by arrows A and B in FIG. 1 can be secured corresponds to, for example, the case where the work space S is in the vicinity of the opening 11b, or the case where the exhaust capacity of the blower 30 is high (when the exhaust amount is large). To do.

  In the above-described embodiment, it is preferable that a filter 31 (see FIG. 1) is further installed on the exhaust path of the blower 30, and that the air moving by exhaust is removed (cleaned) using the filter 31. . In the example shown in FIG. 1, the filter 31 is installed between the blower 30 and the opening 11b. The filter 31 is formed of a thin film filter that is fine enough to allow ventilation, for example. Thereby, the dust of the air which moves by the exhaust_gas | exhaustion by the air blower 30 can be performed.

  By the dust removal, specifically, among the fallen deposits, the fallen deposits that have moved together with the air moving by the exhaust remain on the filter 31. Therefore, the filter 31 has not only an air cleaning function but also a function as a collecting member that collects fallen deposits during exhaust. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the fallen deposits from adhering to the partition inner surface 11a again, and the worker can easily collect the fallen deposits in a short time. In particular, when the fallen deposits contain or may contain harmful substances (for example, asbestos and dioxins), the work time of the fallen deposits collection work will be shortened, thus ensuring the safety of workers. be able to.

  Although the filter 31 is used as the collecting member, an adhesive or an adsorbent may be used instead of the filter 31, or two or more of these may be used in combination.

  Moreover, in embodiment mentioned above, it is preferable to install the air blower 40 different from the air blower 30 (refer FIG. 1), and to supply the gas (for example, air) containing oxygen from the upper part of the working space S. . In the example shown in FIG. 1, the blower 40 is installed on the upper portion of the partition body 11. In addition, the installation place of the air blower 40 should just be a place which can supply air to the upper part of the working space S. By driving the blower 40, the indoor space 20 including the work space S can be ventilated, and the worker can easily secure oxygen even in an environment where carbon dioxide gas is generated. For this reason, the air blower 40 may supply oxygen diluted to such an extent that there is little risk of explosion instead of air. As a result, the safety of workers can be further ensured.

  The supply of gas (air or oxygen) by the blower 40 is continued at least during the exhaust by the blower 30. Here, the air flow (see arrow C in FIG. 1) generated in the indoor space 20 including the work space S due to the gas supply by the blower 40 is a direction from the upper part to the lower part of the indoor space 20. The air flow generated by the exhaust (see arrows B and A in FIG. 1) is promoted. Thereby, the exhaust efficiency of carbon dioxide gas can be further improved.

  Here, in order to reliably maintain the airflow generated in the indoor space 20, the supply amount (supply volume) of the gas supplied by the blower 40 per unit time is the exhaust per unit time of the air exhausted by the blower 30. It is preferable to control so that it may become smaller than quantity (supply volume). In order to realize this, a blower larger than the blower 40 may be selected and used as the blower 30. By doing in this way, the indoor space 20 becomes a negative pressure reliably, and it can prevent that the fallen deposit | attachment leaks outside.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, a duct is installed in order to determine the exhaust path (arrows A and B) by the blower 30 in the first embodiment, and other configurations and components are the same. The same or similar reference numerals are given, and description thereof is omitted.

  FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a building in which the dry ice blasting method as the deposit removal method according to the second embodiment is performed.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a duct 32, which is a hollow member having two openings (intake port 32 a and exhaust port 32 b), is installed in the building 10 in order to determine the exhaust route of the exhaust by the blower 30. . Specifically, the air inlet 32a of the duct 32 is installed in the lower part of the work space S, and the air outlet 32b is installed outdoors. Thereby, a duct functions as a communicating member which connects the lower part of work space S, and the outdoors. The blower 30 and the filter 31 are installed in the duct 32.

  As the duct 32, for example, a flexible duct or a telescopic duct can be used. The flexible duct is a hollow member surrounded by a flexible member having flexibility and airtightness. Since the flexible duct is flexible, it can be arbitrarily bent at a corner portion of the indoor space 20 and can be expanded and contracted. There is also. The telescoping duct is formed so that it can be expanded and contracted stepwise in the length direction. By using such a flexible duct or a telescope type duct, it becomes easy to install the duct 32 in the indoor space 20 having any size and any shape. Furthermore, since the volume occupied by the outer shape of the duct 32 is reduced by making the flexible duct or the telescopic duct into a contracted state, it is easy to carry.

  According to the present embodiment, since the exhaust path is determined by the duct 32, the worker performs the work in the vicinity of the air inlet 32 a of the duct 32, thereby ensuring the safety of the worker in the work space S. The Further, by performing work in the vicinity of the air inlet 32a of the duct 32, the worker can obtain a sense of security that safety is ensured.

  The duct 32 may be one having a required length, or may be integrally configured by connecting a plurality of ducts having a predetermined length (for example, 5 m).

  Furthermore, the number of exhaust paths determined by the duct 32 is not necessarily one, and may be two or more. An example thereof will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the building 10 in which a duct according to a modification of the duct shown in FIG. 2 is installed.

  The duct 32 'shown in FIG. 3 has two intake ports 32a and one exhaust port 32b. Therefore, the duct 32 ′ is configured to take in air in the lower portion of the indoor space 20 from the two air inlets 32a and to discharge air taken in from the one air outlet 32b. The route will be fixed. In addition, although the air blower 30 is not shown by FIG. 3, in order to implement | achieve exhaust_gas | exhaustion using two exhaust paths, it is preferable to use a large sized air blower or several air blowers.

  In the example shown in FIG. 3, the two air inlets 32 a of the duct 32 ′ are installed in the lower part of the indoor space 20 and at the corner (the peripheral part of the work space S). The corner here refers to a corner formed by the intersection of the ground surface 1 and one partition inner surface 11a. In the corners, a gas flow (airflow) such as air is unlikely to occur, so that the gas tends to stay. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, by installing the air inlet 32a at the lower corner of the indoor space 20 and at the corner, an airflow in the direction shown by the arrow B is generated and stays in the lower portion of the indoor space 20. Easy gas, here, air containing a large amount of carbon dioxide gas generated by the implementation of the dry ice blasting method can be efficiently discharged.

  FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of another building, illustrating another installation method of the duct 32 shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the building 10 'has a recess 12 formed in the lower part (in the figure, underground). When an operator enters the recess 12 and performs the dry ice blasting method, the recess 12 (and its vicinity) becomes the work space S. However, carbon dioxide gas having a specific gravity greater than that of air is very likely to stay in the recess 12, and the air in the recess 12 is easily replaced with carbon dioxide gas. Therefore, when the recess 12 becomes the work space S, the worker is likely to be oxygen-deficient and the worker becomes dangerous.

  Therefore, the air inlet 32a of the duct 32 as shown in FIG. Specifically, the air inlet 32a of the duct 32 is installed at a position below the height of the face of the worker who enters the recess 12 and works. Preferably, the air inlet 32 is installed so as to contact the bottom surface 12a of the recess 12 or at a height close to the bottom surface 12a. More preferably, two (or more) exhaust paths are secured by using a duct 32 'as shown in FIG. By these, the carbon dioxide gas filled from the lower part of the recessed part 12 can be exhausted rapidly and efficiently. As a result, the air in the recess 12 is not replaced with carbon dioxide gas, and the worker is prevented from being exposed to danger.

  In FIG. 4, the case where the recess 12 becomes the work space S has been described. However, even when the recess 12 does not correspond to the work space S, the installation method of the duct 32 illustrated in FIG. 4 and the exhaust using the duct 32 are performed. May be implemented. The reason is that the cleaning work is generally performed from a high place in the indoor space 20, and finally, the low area of the indoor space 20 is cleaned. That is, when the recess 12 is not the work space S, the cleaning work is performed in another place higher than the recess 12 in the indoor space 20. Then, carbon dioxide gas generated by the cleaning operation in another place flows into the recess 12. For this reason, the recessed part 12 is highly likely to be in a state where carbon dioxide gas is retained. Therefore, even if the recess 12 is exhausted in advance even during a cleaning operation in another place, even if carbon dioxide gas flows into the recess 12, the retention can be reliably prevented.

  Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, efficient exhaust is realized by using the duct 32 shown in the second embodiment or a modified duct 32 ′ according to the modification. Other configurations and components are the same as or similar to the configurations and components shown in the second embodiment, and thus the same or similar reference numerals are given, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

  FIG. 5 is a horizontal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a building in which the dry ice blasting method as the deposit removing method according to the third embodiment is performed.

  The building 10 ″ shown in FIG. 5 is smaller than the buildings 10 and 10 ′ shown in FIGS. 1 and 4. When the building 10 ″ is thus small, the indoor space 20 is also narrow. For this reason, the whole area of the indoor space 20 becomes the work space S. When the work space S is narrow, the carbon dioxide gas generated by the implementation of the dry ice blasting method can easily fill the entire work space S in a short time.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, a duct 32 ″ obtained by improving the above-described duct 32 or duct 32 ′ is used. As shown in FIG. 5, the duct 32 ″ has at least four intake ports 32a on its side surface and one duct 32 ″. And four exhaust paths are secured. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the blower 30 is not shown, but it is preferable to use a large blower or a plurality of blowers in order to realize exhaust using four exhaust paths.

  According to the present embodiment, four exhaust paths are secured by using the duct 32 ″, so that even when the indoor space 20 is narrow, quick exhaust can be performed. It is possible to prevent the carbon dioxide gas from filling the entire work space S.

6 is a partially enlarged side view of the duct 32 ″ shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 6, the improved duct 32 ″ has a plurality of (for example, four or more) intake ports 32a on the side surface, and each intake port 32a can shield the intake port 32a. A plurality of door units 33 are provided. In the duct 32 ″, the portion where the door unit 33 is provided is preferably formed of a member different from the flexible duct or the telescopic duct, and the member is rigid. The door unit 33 can be easily provided by using a case having a certain shape. Moreover, it becomes easy to install so that the door unit 33 may not face the ground surface 1 by making the shape of the housing | casing which provides the door unit 33 into a rectangle.

  Each of the door units 33 includes a door 33a as a shielding member that shields the air inlet 32a, and a lock mechanism (not shown) that controls opening and closing of the door 33a. In the example illustrated in FIG. 6, one (left side) door unit 33 of the two door units 33 is in a state where the lock of the door 33 a is released (door open state). Thereby, the intake port 32a is opened. The other door unit 33 (on the right side in FIG. 6) is in a state where the door 33a is locked (door closed state), and thereby the intake port 32a is shielded. That is, in the duct 32 ″, when the door unit 33 is in the door open state, the inflow of air into the duct 32 ″ is allowed. As a result, the duct 32 ″ can secure an exhaust path.

  Here, in order to secure the four exhaust paths as shown in FIG. 5, among the plurality of air inlets 32 a of the duct 32 ″, the door unit in the vicinity of the corner at the lower part of the indoor space 20. The door 33 is opened, the corresponding inlet 32a is opened, and the other door unit 33 is placed in the door closed state, where the corners are the two on the ground surface 1 and the compartment inner surface 11a. The corner portion on the side of the indoor space 20 formed by intersecting the surface.At the corner portion, air flow is less likely to occur than the above-described corner portion, so that gas tends to stay. By securing an exhaust path having the intake port 32a in the vicinity of the corner portion of the indoor space 20, airflow is generated in the corner portion, and air containing carbon dioxide gas that tends to stay in the corner portion is efficiently exhausted. be able to.

  Further, according to the duct 32 ″, one of the door open state and the door closed state of the door unit 33 can be selected, which is suitable for installation in a complex-shaped building. Complex-shaped building In this case, after the duct 32 ″ is installed, the exhaust path can be secured by opening the door unit 33 in a place where gas (carbon dioxide gas) tends to stay.

  Furthermore, in the example shown in FIG. 6, the filter 34 is installed in the portion of the air inlet 32a of the duct 32 ″. The filter 34 is a filter having a coarser mesh than the filter 31 (not shown in FIG. 6). It functions as a prefilter which makes it difficult to cause clogging of the filter 31. Thereby, the replacement frequency of the filter 31 can be suppressed.

  6 may be used instead of the duct 32 shown in FIG. 1 or the duct 32 ′ shown in FIG. 3. That is, the duct 32 ″ is used in the second embodiment. It can also be used in the form.

  In the first to third embodiments described above, the deposit removing device used for the dry ice blasting method includes a blast machine and a blower 30 as an exhaust device. The reason why the deposit removing device includes an exhaust device is that it is necessary to efficiently exhaust the carbon dioxide gas generated by using the blast machine.

  Next, asbestos removal work will be described as an example (specific example) of the first to third embodiments described above.

  In the asbestos removal work, the dry ice blasting method described above was used not only to peel and drop off asbestos adhering to the inner surface (ceiling surface, wall surface, etc.) of the building, but also to remove it. Asbestos must be collected and removed from the building. This is because asbestos is a harmful substance.

  FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the steps of asbestos removal work using the dry ice blast method.

  In FIG. 7, first, in the first step (step S1: workplace curing step), the workplace where the asbestos removal work is performed is covered. Here, curing is also referred to as isolated hermetic curing, and the space inside the workplace is sealed by surrounding and surrounding the workplace with a highly airtight sheet (for example, a sheet made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET)). It means that it is isolated from other space (outside the workplace). The space inside the work place corresponds to the indoor space 20 described above.

  By curing the workplace, asbestos in the workplace is prevented from leaking out of the workplace. In addition, in this Embodiment, the curing of a workplace is implement | achieved by installing the asbestos removal apparatus (part) used for asbestos removal work in the building used as the object which performs asbestos removal work. A configuration example of the asbestos removal apparatus will be described later with reference to FIG.

  Subsequently, in the second step (step S2: incidental facility installation step), incidental facilities for the asbestos removal apparatus are installed. Ancillary facilities include security zones and scaffolding. The security zone is installed between the workplace and the outside of the workplace, and the scaffold is installed in the workplace (see FIG. 8). The reason for installing the scaffold is that asbestos removal work is normally performed sequentially from a high place to a low place in the space inside the work place. In addition, you may perform installation of a scaffold etc. by the said 1st process.

  Thereafter, in the third step (step S3: negative pressure setting step), exhaust in the work place is performed, and the atmospheric pressure in the work place is set to a negative pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure. The work area is exhausted by operating a dust collector provided in the asbestos removal apparatus. In addition, it can be said that the dust collector is an exhaust device (blower) having a high exhaust capacity (the number of ventilations per unit time) to such an extent that the workplace can be set to a negative pressure. Thereby, the workplace is ventilated.

  In the fourth step (step S4: asbestos removal step), dry ice blasting is performed in the space in the workplace, or manual work (peeling work using a spatula / skin skin, brushing using a brush) Asbestos is peeled off and removed by performing Then, the removed asbestos is collected manually. The dust collector has not only an exhaust function but also a collection function (specifically, a filter having a higher dust removal performance than the above-described filter 31 or higher), and collects (collects) dust containing asbestos with the dust collector. )can do. These remove asbestos from the workplace. In the fourth step, if necessary, an operation for detoxifying harmful asbestos using a drug is performed. In addition, carbon dioxide gas generated in the work place due to the implementation of the dry ice blasting method is discharged out of the work place by an air flow generated in the work place when the dust collector makes the work place have a negative pressure.

  After the fourth step is completed, this step is completed by removing the installed asbestos removal device and its ancillary equipment and transporting the collected asbestos to the final disposal site.

  According to the process of FIG. 7, since a dust collector having a high exhaust capacity to such an extent that the work place can be set to a negative pressure is used, it is possible to exhaust carbon dioxide gas while collecting asbestos.

  FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a building in which an asbestos removal device as an attached matter removal device according to an embodiment of the invention is installed. Note that the same or similar reference numerals are given to the same configurations and components as the configurations and components described in the first to third embodiments described above, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

  The building 10 shown in FIG. 8 is a building having a multilayer structure including a first floor portion, a second floor portion, and a third floor portion, and an elevator 50 is further installed. In addition, the building 10 is provided with an asbestos removal apparatus 100 and its incidental equipment used for performing asbestos removal work.

  The elevator 50 includes a cage (cage) 51 for carrying people and things, and an elevator shaft 52 that performs a guide for the cage 51 to move up and down in the vertical direction. The elevator shaft 52 defines a longitudinal space that is long in the vertical direction, and a pit 53 is formed at the bottom of the longitudinal space. The pit 53 is for accommodating the cage 51 at a position lower than the ground surface 1 and corresponds to the recess 12 shown in FIG. Each floor of the building 10 is a stop floor where the cage 51 stops and functions as an elevator hall.

  In the example shown in FIG. 8, the asbestos removal apparatus 100 removes asbestos adhering to the wall surface 52 a on the cage 51 side of the elevator shaft 52, and the pit 53 of the elevator shaft 52 and the first floor portion of the building 10 and It is installed in the vicinity. Thereby, the asbestos removal work of the elevator shaft 52 long in the vertical direction can be partially performed.

A configuration example of the asbestos removal apparatus 100 will be described.
The asbestos removal apparatus 100 includes a horizontal partition member 110 and a vertical partition member 120 for partitioning a work place for performing asbestos removal work, a dust collector 130 as an exhaust device, a duct 132 having an exhaust port 132b connected to the dust collector 130, A blower 140 for supplying air into the workplace and a blast machine 150 used for the dry ice blasting method are provided. As ancillary equipment of the asbestos removal apparatus 100, as shown in FIG. 8, in order to prevent the asbestos from leaking outside the work place, the security zone 210 installed on the first floor and the asbestos removal work from a high place. There is a scaffold 220 installed in the workplace.

  The horizontal partition member 110 is composed of a highly airtight sheet-like member, and is installed horizontally at the boundary between the first floor portion and the second floor portion of the elevator shaft 52. As a result, the space in the elevator shaft 52 is divided into two spaces: a space below the horizontal partition member 110 (a space on the pit 53 side) and an upper space.

  The vertical partition member 120 is composed of a highly airtight sheet-like member, and is installed vertically in the elevator hall on the first floor. Thereby, the space of the first floor portion of the building 10 is divided into two spaces, a space on the elevator shaft 52 side and a space on the security zone 210 side. The vertical partition member 120 is provided with a door (not shown) that can be opened and closed so that a worker who leaves the security zone 210 can directly enter the work place.

  The dust collector 130 is installed, for example, on the first floor portion of the building 10. The dust collector 130 includes a blower that exhausts the air inside the workplace that has flowed into the duct 132 in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 8, and a HEPA filter (high efficiency particle air filter) that performs dust removal of the exhausted air. . Therefore, the dust collector 130 has the exhaust function of the blower 30 shown in FIG. 1 and the air cleaning function of the filter 31. The dust collector 130 also removes dust from the security zone 210.

  The duct 132 has four intake ports 132a so that four exhaust paths can be secured in the same manner as the duct 32 ″ shown in FIG. 5 (note that the vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. 8 has two intake ports 132a). As in the duct 32 shown in FIG. 4, the air inlet 132a of the duct 132 is in contact with the bottom surface 53a of the pit 53 that forms a recess when viewed from the first floor portion (ground floor) or It is installed at a height close to the bottom surface 53a, so that before the generated carbon dioxide gas stays in the pit 53, the duct 132 uses the exhaust function of the dust collector 130 to move from the intake port 132 in the direction of arrow B. The carbon dioxide gas can be efficiently exhausted from the exhaust port 132b by taking in the carbon dioxide gas.

  The air blower 140 is comprised from the air blower 141 and the piping 142 connected to it. The blower 141 is installed, for example, on the second floor of the building 10 and supplies oxygen-containing air in the direction of arrow C through the pipe 141 into the work place. Therefore, the air blower 140 has the gas supply function of the air blower 40 shown in FIG.

  The blast machine 150 is a spraying device for spraying granular dry ice (blast), and is installed on the scaffold 220 and operated by an operator. Since the scaffold 220 is removed as the asbestos removal operation proceeds, the blast machine 150 is finally installed on the bottom surface 53 a of the pit 53.

  According to the asbestos removal apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 8, since the partition members 110 and 120 are provided, a work space for performing asbestos removal work is secured as a sealed space from the space inside the elevator shaft 52 and the first floor portion of the building 10. The Thereby, the curing of the workplace (step S1 in FIG. 7) is realized.

  Moreover, since the four air inlets 132a of the duct 132 are installed in the pit 53 at the bottom of the elevator shaft 52, the dust collector 130 efficiently uses carbon dioxide gas that tends to stay in the lower part (pit 53) of the space in the work place. Can be exhausted. For this reason, as a result of the asbestos removal work on the wall surface 52a sufficiently proceeding, even if the worker enters the pit 53 and performs the work, the pit 53 is not filled with carbon dioxide gas. Therefore, by using the asbestos removal apparatus 100, it is possible to reliably ensure the safety of workers in the workplace.

  Furthermore, since air is supplied to the space in the workplace using the blower 140, ventilation of the workplace is achieved. Thereby, the worker can easily secure oxygen. For this reason, a worker's safety can further be improved.

  In addition, in the said Example, although the removal object was assumed to be asbestos, harmful substances other than asbestos (for example, dioxins and radioactive substances) may be used. Further, the removal target is not limited to harmful substances, and may be attached substances such as dust as described in the first to third embodiments. Therefore, the main workplace is not limited to the elevator shaft 52 described in the above embodiment, and can be an arbitrary building (structure). The main workplaces include incinerators for garbage incineration facilities, storage facilities for spent nuclear fuel, and tower-type multistory parking lots.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the schematic structure of the building in which the dry ice blasting method as a deposit | attachment removal method which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention is implemented. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the schematic structure of the building in which the dry ice blasting method as a deposit | attachment removal method which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention is implemented. It is a horizontal sectional view of the building where the duct which concerns on the modification of the duct shown in FIG. 2 was installed. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of another building which illustrates the other installation method of the duct shown in FIG. It is a horizontal sectional view which shows the schematic structure of the building where the dry ice blasting method as a deposit removing method according to the third embodiment of the present invention is performed. FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged side view of the duct shown in FIG. 5. It is a flowchart which shows the process of the asbestos removal operation | work using the dry ice blasting method. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which illustrates the schematic structure of the building in which the asbestos removal apparatus as an attachment removal apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention was installed.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ground surface 10, 10 ', 10 "Building 11 Compartment 11a Compartment inner surface 11b Opening 12 Recess 12a Bottom surface 20 Indoor space 30 Blower 31, 34 Filter 32, 32', 32", 132 Duct 32a, 132a Inlet 32b, 132b Exhaust port 33 Door unit 52 Elevator shaft 100 Asbestos removal device 130 Dust collector

Claims (4)

Within a given space
Blow off granular dry ice to remove deposits adhering to the surface to be cleaned from the surface to be cleaned,
A deposit removal method for discharging the air in the space out of the space from the lower portion of the space together with carbon dioxide generated as a result of sublimation of the dry ice ,
When the air in the space is discharged out of the space, the deposits that have fallen off are collected by using a filter,
Installing a communication member that communicates the lower part of the space with the outside of the space, and using the communication member to discharge the air in the space;
The communication member includes an exhaust port disposed outside the room, a plurality of air intake ports disposed indoors, and a hollow portion that configures an exhaust path that guides air taken from the air intake port to the exhaust port,
The hollow portion includes a portion constituted by a flexible duct or a telescopic duct, and a rectangular casing constituted by a member different from the flexible duct or the telescopic duct,
The rectangular housing is provided with a shielding member capable of shielding the plurality of air inlets and the respective air inlets,
The adhering matter removing method , wherein among the plurality of air intake ports, some of the shielding members open the air intake ports, and the remaining shielding members shield the air intake ports . The deposit removal method according to claim 1, wherein the intake port installed in a recess formed in a lower portion of the space or a corner portion in the lower portion of the space is not shielded by the shielding member . The deposit removal method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein gas is supplied from an upper portion of the space when the air in the space is discharged. The deposit removal method according to claim 3 , wherein the discharge amount per unit time when the air in the space is discharged is larger than the supply amount per unit time of the gas supplied from the upper part. .

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