JP5078828B2 - Plant cultivation floor and cultivation method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a floor suitable for cultivating plants and a cultivation method suitable for using the floor.

  A conventional plant cultivation floor is known in which a water retaining material, a water-permeable root-shielding sheet, and a net-like root-penetrating sheet having root permeability are sequentially laminated on a tray (Patent Document 1).

  This requires a tray. That is, by supplying water or nutrient solution into the tray, water is sufficiently contained in the water retaining material, and a plant growing environment is prepared. Moreover, since the weight of a plant and water is added to a water retention material etc., if a bottom is not supported with things like a tray, a flat form will collapse | crumble and the function as a cultivation bed for plants cannot be exhibited. Furthermore, since this is to place a water retaining material on the tray, plants can only be grown in a horizontal state.

  However, some plants grow well with small amounts of water, and in such cases, it is questionable whether a tray is essential. If there is no tray, excess water that could not be absorbed by the water retaining material will not accumulate in the tray, and the weight including the weight of the tray and water will be light and easy to carry. However, the water retaining sheet alone is too soft to maintain its shape, and it becomes very difficult to move to another growing place. The reason for moving to another breeding place is that, for example, if the plant is moved to a suitable breeding environment according to its growth, the growth may be promoted.

  Moreover, when mass-producing a plant, it is common to use a shelf, and use the above-mentioned plant cultivation floor on a multi-level horizontal shelf board installed at intervals in the vertical direction. (Patent Document 2).

  However, as the number of shelves increases, the lower and upper steps are obstructed by the shelves and the plant cultivation floor, making it difficult for the operator to check the growth status of the plants. It's easy to need to bend or bend.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-19 (FIG. 1, paragraphs [0044] and [0045]) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-79647 (FIG. 1)

  The present invention was created in view of the above circumstances, and a problem to be solved is to provide a lightweight plant cultivation bed suitable for plants that can grow even with a small amount of water. Moreover, when mass-producing a plant using such a cultivation floor for plants, it is providing the cultivation method excellent in confirmation of the growth condition.

  The plant cultivation floor according to claim 1, wherein a first light-shielding sheet having both light-shielding properties and light-transmitting properties is laminated on the surface of a support net that entangles the roots of the plant in a peelable manner, and the periphery of the support net is supported by a frame. It is what is.

  Although nothing may be laminated on the back surface of the support net, it is desirable to make it as in the invention of claim 2 in order to secure moisture. That is, a water retaining mat is laminated on the back surface of the support net.

  Although nothing may be laminated between the support net and the water retaining mat and on the back surface of the water retaining mat, in order to keep the root from being exposed to light as much as possible, the invention according to claim 3 is used. It is desirable. That is, a second light-shielding sheet having both light-shielding properties and penetration properties is laminated between the support net and the water-retaining mat, and a third light-shielding sheet is laminated on the back surface of the water-retaining mat.

  The plant grown on the plant cultivation floor may be any plant that can grow sufficiently even with a small amount of water as compared with a general plant. That is, the plant is a moss plant.

  Moreover, when mass-producing a plant using the above-mentioned plant cultivation floor, the thing of Claim 5 is mentioned as a cultivation method excellent in confirmation of the growth condition. That is, it is a plant cultivation method in which a plant cultivation floor is laid sideways to grow a plant, and after the root of the plant is entangled with a support net, the plant cultivation floor is erected to grow the plant.

  The above-mentioned plant cultivation method may be a method in which a plurality of standing plant cultivation floors are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction so that their roots face in the same direction. In order to make it difficult for water to evaporate while avoiding application of water, it is desirable to make it as in claim 6. That is, after plant roots are entangled with the support net, the two plant cultivation beds are integrated with the roots facing each other and stand up to grow the plant.

  In the invention of claim 1, since the root of the plant is entangled with the support net, excess water falls from the support net and becomes lightweight. In addition, since the first light shielding sheet having root permeability is laminated on the surface of the support net, the root is entangled with the support net after passing through the first light shielding sheet, and further, due to the light shielding property of the first light shielding sheet, It is also suitable for root growth. Furthermore, since the first light-shielding sheet is releasably laminated on the support net, plants can be collected simply by peeling off the first light-shielding sheet. In addition, since the circumference | surroundings of a support net are supported by the frame, the fixed shape as a cultivation bed for plants can be maintained.

  In the invention of claim 2, since the water retaining mat is laminated on the back surface of the support net, moisture can be secured in the water retaining mat, and the time interval for spraying the water can be increased accordingly. Since water that cannot be absorbed by the water retaining mat falls, the plant cultivation floor can be made lighter.

  In the invention of claim 3, since the second light-shielding sheet having both light-shielding properties and root-penetrating properties is laminated between the support net and the water-retaining mat, the root passes through the second light-shielding sheet to sufficiently supply the water of the water-retaining mat. To absorb. In addition, since the second light-shielding sheet is laminated on the surface of the water retaining mat and the third light-shielding sheet is laminated on the back surface, it is difficult for light to hit the roots, which is suitable for growing roots and eventually plants.

  Since the plant according to claim 4 is a moss plant, it is suitable as a plant grown on this plant cultivation floor.

  In the invention of claim 5, until the root of the plant is entangled, the plant cultivation floor is laid on the side to grow the plant, and after the plant root is entangled with the support net, the plant cultivation floor is erected to grow the plant. To do. In the state where the plant cultivation floor is set up, the growth status of the plant can be confirmed by moving the line of sight up and down without climbing on a stepladder or bending too much.

  The invention of claim 6 integrates the two plant cultivation floors with their roots facing each other and stands to grow the plant, so that it is difficult for light to hit the roots, and it is difficult for water to evaporate. Suitable for root growth.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the plant cultivation floor 1 includes a frame 2, a support net 3 stretched on the frame 2, a first light-shielding sheet 4 placed on the surface of the support net 3, The second light-shielding sheet 5, the water retaining mat 6, and the third light-shielding sheet 7 stretched in order on the back surface of the support net 3, and the sheet presser 8 that fixes these various sheets to the back surface of the support net 3. is there. That is, the plant cultivation floor 1 has a five-layer laminated structure including a support net 3 and various light shielding sheets, and the outside thereof is reinforced by the frame body 2. Hereinafter, each component will be described in detail.

  The frame 2 is formed by assembling upper, lower, left and right ridges into a rectangular shape, and a concave groove 2a into which the sheet presser 8 is fitted is continuously provided on the back surface over the entire circumference of the rectangular shape. The frame 2 uses an aluminum alloy as an example of a material.

  The support net 3 is entangled by passing the roots of the plant through the mesh, and stainless steel is used as an example of the material. Specifically, the size of the mesh partitioned vertically and horizontally is a square having a side of 1.6 to 2.4 mm.

  The first light-shielding sheet 4 combines the light-transmitting property through which the root of the plant passes, the light-shielding property that prevents light from being applied to the root of the plant that has passed through itself, and the water retention property that is moistened with moisture. As an example of the material, polyester is used. Specifically, it is a colored (black) non-woven fabric having a thickness of 0.17 to 0.24 mm. The first light-shielding sheet 4 is simply placed on the support net 3, is peelable, and forms a surface layer of the plant cultivation floor 1 composed of five layers.

  The second light shielding sheet 5 and the third light shielding sheet 7 are the same as the first light shielding sheet 4. Moreover, the 3rd light shielding sheet 7 forms the back layer of the cultivation floor 1 for plants.

  The water retention mat 6 can store a larger amount of moisture than various light shielding sheets, and polyester is used as an example of the material. Specifically, it is a nonwoven fabric with a thickness of 2 to 4 mm.

  The sheet presser 8 is a belt-like thing with elasticity. By press-fitting the sheet presser 8 into the concave groove 2 a of the frame body 2, the edges of the support net 3, the second and third light shielding sheets 5 and 7 are held together in the frame body 2. The sheet presser 8 does not fasten the first light shielding sheet 4.

  The above-mentioned plant cultivation floor 1 is generally suitable for plants grown with a small amount of water, and is preferably used for moss plants, more specifically for genus moss.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the vertical cultivating apparatus 9 using the plant cultivation floor 1 described above includes a gantry 10 that holds a plurality of plant cultivating floors 1 in an integrated state, and a plurality of gantry. And a circulation device 11 that circulates while suspending 10.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the gantry 10 suspends the gantry main body 12 from the circulation device 11, and the gantry main body 12 that holds the plant cultivation floor 1 standing vertically in parallel with each other while the back surfaces thereof face each other. The suspension piece 13 is constituted.

  The gantry main body 12 is composed of a vertical frame 14 provided with a space left and right, and a horizontal frame 15 erected with a space in the vertical direction with respect to the front and rear surfaces of the left and right vertical frames 14.

  The vertical frame 14 is a thin strip extending vertically. Further, the horizontal frame 15 is a horizontal member extending horizontally, and extends from a groove frame 16 having a U-shaped cross section including the upper side or the lower side of the plant cultivation floor 1 and an inner piece 16 a of the groove frame 16. The connecting piece 17 is constituted. The connecting piece 17 extends to the opposite side of the opening direction of the groove frame 16 that opens upward or downward, and is attached to the vertical frame 14 and the connecting piece 17 on the back surface side by screwing or the like. Since the horizontal frame 15 is fixed in a horizontal state, the left and right ends of the groove frame 16 serve as an entrance / exit of the plant cultivation floor 1. Therefore, by moving the plant cultivation floor 1 horizontally, it can be put in and out so as to be fitted into the upper and lower groove frames 16.

  The hanging piece 13 has a T-shaped cross section, and is fixed to the left and right vertical frames 14 with screws or the like above the uppermost horizontal frame 15.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, the circulation device 11 includes an annular guide rail 18, a plurality of sliders 19 that travel along the guide rail 18, and a drive device (not shown) that moves the slider 19 along the guide rail 18. And a guide rail 18 and a frame 20 for fixing the driving device.

  The guide rail 18 includes a plurality of guide rail supports 18a that hang down from the frame 20 at intervals, and an annular (track-like) rail body 18b that is fixed to the plurality of guide rail supports 18a via spacers 18c. ing. The rail main body 18b is formed in a ring shape with the band plate standing vertically, and the upper and lower sides of the band plate are sandwiched between a pair of rollers 19b of the slider 19. The roller 19b rotates along the longitudinal direction of the strip.

  The slider 19 includes an L-shaped hanger 19a to which the hanging piece 13 of the gantry 10 is detachably attached with a screw or the like at the center of its width, and a pair of upper and lower supported rotatably at an interval above and below the hanger 19a. A roller 19b, an endless chain 19c arranged in an annular shape in plan view along the rail body 18b above the upper roller 19b, an attachment 19e fixed to the shaft end surface of the endless chain, and an endless chain 19c via the attachment 19e It comprises a joining plate 19d for connecting the hanger 19a. The hangers 19a of all the sliders 19 are fixed to the endless chain 19c at intervals in the extending direction.

  Although not shown, the drive device is composed of a sprocket wound around an endless chain 19c stretched in a track shape and a motor mechanism for rotating the sprocket.

  The frame 20 floats and supports the guide rail 18 from the ground, and is composed of a plurality of posts 20a standing on the ground and a suspension frame 20b supported on top of the plurality of posts 20a. The suspending frame 20b assembles beams vertically and horizontally, and supports the guide rail support 18a by suspending it.

  The vertical cultivation apparatus 9 described above operates in the following manner. When the motor mechanism of the drive device is driven, the sprocket rotates and the endless chain 19c circulates. Then, the slider 19 fixed to the endless chain 19c moves along the guide rail 18 together with the gantry 10 and circulates.

  The plant cultivation method using the plant cultivation floor 1 and the vertical cultivation apparatus 9 described above is as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 9, the worker lays the plant cultivation floor 1 sideways to be in a horizontal state, and puts the mushrooms on the first light shielding sheet 4 at appropriate intervals. Next, the plant cultivation floor 1 is placed on the shelf 22 of the shelf 21 while maintaining a horizontal state. Then, sprinkle as much as necessary, and shine light from the surrounding lighting. Under this growing environment, the plant cultivation floor 1 is left for about several weeks. If it does so, the root of genus mushroom (temporary root) will pass through the 1st light-shielding sheet 4 and the support net 3, and will be entangled in the support net 3. FIG. In addition, a part of the temporary root may enter the second light shielding sheet 5 and the water retaining mat 6. In this way, when the temporary roots of the moss are entangled with the support net 3, the moss will not fall off even if the plant cultivation floor 1 is set up vertically.

  After confirming that the temporary roots are entangled with the support net 3, the temporary rooting device 9 is moved to the growing environment. The plant cultivation floor 1 in which temporary roots are entangled is inserted between the groove frames 16 facing the top and bottom of the gantry 10, and a plurality of plant cultivation floors 1 are held in parallel on the front and rear surfaces of the gantry 10. . The plant cultivation floor 1 before and after being integrated by the gantry 10 is in a state where the roots face each other. When the hanging piece 13 of the gantry 10 is attached to the slider 19, the gantry 10 is in a standing state. By repeating the operation of attaching the gantry 10 to the slider 19, the gantry 10 is aligned and held in the vertical cultivation apparatus 9. Then, in this cultivating environment, water is applied in an amount appropriate for the degree of growth, and light is applied. Under the growing environment, the plant cultivation floor 1 is disposed, and the gantry 10 is removed from the slider 19 at a time when the mushrooms are sufficiently grown, and the first light shielding sheet 4 on the surface of the gantry 10 is peeled off. Then, the mushroom is attached to the peeled first light shielding sheet 4, and the process proceeds to another process for collecting mushroom. On the other hand, the plant cultivation floor 1 from which the first light-shielding sheet 4 has been peeled is reused by placing another first light-shielding sheet 4 on the support net 3.

It is a partially expanded sectional view which shows the cultivation floor for plants. It is an exploded view of the cultivation floor for plants. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which grew the mushroom on the cultivation floor for plants. It is a side view which shows a vertical cultivation apparatus. It is a top view which shows a vertical cultivation apparatus. It is a front view which shows a vertical cultivation apparatus. It is the front view and side view which show a mount frame. It is explanatory drawing which shows a circulation apparatus. It is explanatory drawing which shows the flow of the plant cultivation method.

Explanation of symbols

1 cultivation floor for plants, 2 frames, 2a grooves, 3 support nets, 4 first shading sheet
5 second light shielding sheet, 6 water retaining mat, 7 third light shielding sheet, 8 sheet presser,
9 vertical cultivation devices, 10 frames, 11 circulation devices, 12 frames main body, 13 hanging pieces, 14 vertical frames,
15 horizontal frame, 16 groove frame, 16a inner piece, 17 connecting piece, 18 guide rail,
18a guide rail support, 18b rail body, 18c spacer, 19 slider,
19a hanger, 19b roller, 19c endless chain, 19d joint plate,
19e attachment, 20 frames, 20a post, 20b hanging frame, 21 shelves,
22 shelves

Claims (6)

  The first light-shielding sheet (4) having both light-shielding properties and root-penetrating properties is peelably laminated on the surface of the support net (3) that entangles the roots of the plant, and the frame (2) around the support net (3) Plant cultivation floor that is supported by.   2. The plant cultivation floor according to claim 1, wherein a water retention mat (6) is laminated on the back surface of the support net (3).   A second light-shielding sheet (5) having both light-shielding and translucent properties is laminated between the support net (3) and the water-retaining mat (6), and a third light-shielding sheet (7) is laminated on the back surface of the water-retaining mat (6). The plant cultivation bed according to claim 2, wherein the plant cultivation bed is provided.   The plant cultivation bed according to claim 3, wherein the plant is a moss plant.   The plant cultivation floor (1) according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 is laid sideways to grow a plant, and the plant cultivation floor (1) is set up after the root of the plant is entangled with the support net (3). Plant cultivation method to grow plants.   6. The plant according to claim 5, characterized in that, after the roots of the plant are entangled with the support net (3), the two plant cultivation beds (1) are integrated in a state where the roots face each other and stand to grow the plant. Plant cultivation method.

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