JP5077861B2 - Fireproof storage - Google Patents

Description

【００２７】
表１から明らかなとおり、紙、木材、布類は、加熱時間が６時間以内の場合、１３０℃までであれば質的劣化は一般に皆無又は容認できる範囲内であり、また、１４０℃程度であっても、一部の紙を除いて概ね容認できる範囲内であることが判明した。この結果は、現在よく普及している耐火保管庫の耐火性能である、ＪＩＳ耐火金庫に定める一般紙用耐火金庫の耐火性能（内部の許容温度１７７℃）は、加熱条件下に曝される時間にもよるけれども、質的劣化の回避が求められる物品の保管用の耐火性能としては必ずしも十分ではないことを示している。
【００２８】
【実施例１】
〈耐火保管庫とその耐火性能〉
【００２９】
【実施例１−１】
〈耐火保管庫〉
図３の縦断面図により模式的に示される構造を有する耐火保管庫Ａを、本発明の耐火保管庫の一例として製造した。図３に示すとおり、耐火保管庫Ａの保管庫部１において、外層１ａは耐火性断熱材料であるセラミックファイバーボード（商品名『イソウール１２６０ボード』、イソライト工業株式会社製造）による厚さ１００ｍｍの層であり、内層１ｂは不燃性材料である耐火断熱煉瓦（商品名『イソライトＣ−１』、イソライト工業株式会社製造）による厚さ１０ｍｍの層であり、中間層１ｃは上記耐火断熱煉瓦によるスペーサー１ｄを介して設けた厚さ１０ｍｍの空気層である。蓋部２は、内層１ｂに載置でき、保管庫部１の内部を密閉状態に保持できるサイズの板状の、内層１ｂに対応する上記耐火断熱煉瓦による厚さ１０ｍｍの層２ｂからなる内蓋と、これに１０ｍｍの間隔をおいて外層１ａに載置できるサイズの、外層１ａに対応する上記耐火性断熱材料による厚さ１００ｍｍの層２ａからなる外蓋とからなる。図３に示すとおり、蓋部２は、その部材である内蓋及び外蓋を保管庫部１の開口部に設置して利用するとき、両者の間に生じる空間が保管庫部１における中間層１ｃに対応する層２ｃを形成する。耐火保管庫Ａにおいて、保管庫部１に蓋部２を設置した状態の外寸は、幅６３ｃｍ、奥行き５９ｃｍ（幅とは、図３の紙面上の左右方向を指し、奥行きとは、図３の紙面に対して垂直方向を指すものである。）、高さ４０ｃｍである。なお、図３乃至図５ならびに図７乃至１０を通して符号３は保管物品を示している。
【００３０】
図４の縦断面図により模式的に示される構造を有する耐火保管庫Ｂを、本発明の耐火保管庫の別の一例として製造した。図４に示すとおり、耐火保管庫Ｂは、保管庫部１に、耐火保管庫Ａの保管庫部における、スペーサーを含む中間層に代えて、吸熱特性を有する材料である含水結晶トレハロース粉末（商品名『トレハ』、株式会社林原商事販売）による厚さ１０ｍｍの中間層１ｃを、該トレハロース粉末を外層と内層との間の空間に充填することによって設けたこと以外は全て耐火保管庫Ａと同じ構造である。
【００３１】
図５の縦断面図により模式的に示される構造を有する耐火保管庫Ｃを、本発明の耐火保管庫のさらに別の一例として製造した。図５に示すとおり、耐火保管庫Ｃは、絹の袋に充填した含水結晶トレハロース粉末を昇温防止剤１ｅとして保管庫部１の内部に有している（含水結晶トレハロース粉末の重量として１２４６ｇ）以外は全て耐火保管庫Ｂと同じ構造である。
【００３２】
対照として、耐火保管庫Ａにおける外層及び外蓋（いずれも厚さ１００ｍｍ）のみからなる保管庫Ｘ₁及び、外層及び外蓋の厚さをいずれも１２０ｍｍとしたこと以外は保管庫Ｘ₁と同じ構造である保管庫Ｘ₂を製造した。
【００３３】
【実施例１−２】
〈標準加熱試験〉
上記実施例による耐火保管庫Ａ、Ｂ及びＣならびに対照の保管庫Ｘ₁及び保管庫Ｘ₂を、ＪＩＳ耐火金庫に定める１時間標準加熱試験に供して保管庫部の内部温度の変化を調べた。その結果を図６に示す。なお、図６において、Ａ、Ｂ及びＣは、それぞれ耐火保管庫Ａ、Ｂ及びＣにおける内部温度の変化を、Ｘ₁及びＸ₂は対照の保管庫Ｘ₁及び保管庫Ｘ₂における内部温度の変化を示す。また、この試験の際、それぞれの保管庫内に保管物品のモデルとして桐箱を載置し、試験終了後、その状態を肉眼観察した。
【００３４】
図６に示すとおり、内部温度のピークは、耐火保管庫Ａの場合約１６０℃、耐火保管庫Ｂの場合約１３０℃、耐火保管庫Ｃの場合約１２０℃であった。また、内部に載置した桐箱の状態については、耐火保管Ａの場合は、部分的に若干の変色は認められたものの焦げるまでには至っておらず、耐火保管庫Ｂ及びＣの場合には、桐箱に何ら変質は認められなかった。以上の結果は、本発明による耐火保管庫がＪＩＳ耐火金庫に定める「一般紙用１時間耐火」の性能（１時間標準加熱試験において内部温度１７７℃以下）を遥かに凌駕するものであり、これらのうち、中間層として吸熱特性を有する材料による層を設けた当該耐火保管庫が、美術品をはじめとする質的劣化の回避が望まれる物品の保管用としてとりわけ優れていることを示している。一方、対照の保管庫Ｘ１及び保管庫Ｘ２においては、内部温度はいずれも２００℃を大きく上回り、内部に載置した桐箱は全体に亙って焦げていた。この結果から明らかなように、本発明における外層のみから保管庫を構成する場合、その層の厚さを増すことによって耐火性能が向上する傾向は認められるものの、所望の耐火性能を達成するためには、極めて厚い層とする必要がある。したがって、以上の結果は、本発明における外層のみからなる構造体では本発明の課題を実質的に解決できないことを示している。また、図６に見られるとおり、上記の加熱試験において、本発明の耐火保管庫（Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ）の内部温度がピークを迎える時間は、いずれも対象の保管庫（Ｘ₁、Ｘ₂）に比べて明らかに遅くなっていた。このことは、本発明の耐火保管庫が火災に見舞われた際、その搬出までに時間的な余裕がもてることを意味している。
【００３５】
【実施例２】
〈耐火保管庫〉
図７の縦断面図により模式的に示される構造を有する本発明による耐火保管庫を製造した。図７に示すとおり、この耐火保管庫は、保管庫部１における外層１ａと中間層１ｃの間ならびに、蓋部の層２ａにおける保管庫部１側の面にアルミ箔を積層した防水シートによる防水層１ｆ、２ｆをそれぞれ設けていること以外は全て実施例１による耐火保管庫Ｃと同じ構造である。
【００３６】
本品は、優れた耐火性能と可搬性を有する上、火災時の消火活動による放水を受けても保管物品に悪影響がなく、しかも、放水を受けた後に再利用できるという利点も合わせ持っている。
【００３７】
【実施例３】
〈耐火保管庫〉
図８の縦断面図により模式的に示される構造を有する本発明による耐火保管庫を製造した。図８に示すとおり、この耐火保管庫は、外層の外側に、アルミニウム製のブロック状のスペーサー１ｄ、２ｄを介してアルミニウムによる厚さ１．５ｍｍの最外層１ｇ、２ｇを設けていること以外は全て実施例２による耐火保管庫の構造と同じである。
【００３８】
本品は、直火にも耐え得る、優れた耐火性能とともに可搬性を有する上、火災時の消火活動による放水を受けても保管物品に悪影響がなく、しかも、放水を受けた後にも再利用できるという利点も合わせ持っている。
【００３９】
【実施例４】
〈耐火保管庫〉
図９の縦断面図により模式的に示される構造を有する本発明による耐火保管庫を製造した。図９に示すとおり、この耐火保管庫は、外層の外側に設けた透湿性を有する布（クロス）による最外層１ｈ、２ｈを設けていること以外は全て実施例１による耐火保管庫Ｃの構造と同じである。
【００４０】
本品は、優れた耐火性能と可搬性を有する上、美観的にも優れ、しかも、最外層を有していない耐火保管庫Ｃと同様に、物品の保管中に、外部環境を加減することによって保管庫内部を調湿することができるという利点も合わせ持っている。
【００４１】
【実施例５】
〈耐火保管庫〉
図１０の縦断面図ならびに図１１の斜視図により模式的に示される構造を有する本発明による耐火保管庫を製造した。図１０に示すとおり、この耐火保管庫の保管庫部１において、外層１ａはセラミックファイバーボード（商品名『イソウール１２６０ボード』、イソライト工業株式会社製造）による層であり、内層１ｂは不燃性材料である耐火断熱煉瓦（商品名『イソライトＣ−１』、イソライト工業株式会社製造）による厚さ１０ｍｍの層であり、中間層１ｃは、外層１ａと内層１ｂのと間の空間に含水結晶トレハロース粉末（商品名『トレハ』、株式会社林原商事販売）を充填することによって形成させた該トレハロース粉末による厚さ１０ｍｍの層である。蓋部２は、保管庫部１の外周を全体に亙って隙間なく包囲し、一部分に開口部を有する箱状の形状であって、保管庫部１における外層１ａに相当する層２ａと、保管庫部１における開口部と接する面に設けた、保管庫部１における内層１ｂ及び中間層１ｃに対応する層２ｂ及び２ｃとからなる。本実施例による耐火保管庫の外層の厚さは、保管庫部又は蓋部の当該層単独の厚さ、あるいは、保管庫部と蓋部の当該層を加算した厚さとして１００ｍｍである。
【００４２】
本品は、優れた可搬性を有する上、保管庫部を蓋部に差し込む構造を有していることから、保管庫内部の密閉状態をより高度に保つことができ、これにより、特に優れた耐火性能を発揮する特長がある。
【００４３】
【実施例６】
〈昇温防止剤〉
１辺約１０ｃｍの正方形のサテン地の絹布２枚を、１辺を残して縫い合わせて袋状とし、これに含水結晶トレハロース粉末（商品名『トレハ』、株式会社林原商事販売）を充填し、残る１辺を縫い合わせ、座布団状の形状の昇温防止剤を作製した。この製品は、１個当たり約１５０ｇのトレハロースを含むものである。
【００４４】
本品は、本発明の耐火保管庫の他、従来の耐火保管庫や、耐火性能を有する保管容器、運搬容器、建築物もしくはその一室の内部に載置することにより、これらが火災等の加熱条件に曝された際の内部の昇温を効果的に防止することができる。
【００４５】
【実施例７】
〈昇温防止剤〉
長辺約２０ｃｍ、短辺約９ｃｍの長方形の木綿布（綿番手１０番手）を、長辺同士を縫い合わせるとともに短辺の一方を縫い合わせて袋状とし、これに含水結晶トレハロース粉末（商品名『トレハ』、株式会社林原商事販売）を充填し、残る短辺を縫い合わせ、円柱状の形状の昇温防止剤を作製した。この製品は、１個当たり約１００ｇのトレハロースを含むものである。
【００４６】
本品は、本発明の耐火保管庫の他、従来の耐火保管庫や、耐火性能を有する保管容器、運搬容器、建築物もしくはその一室の内部に載置することにより、これらが火災等の加熱条件に曝された際の内部の昇温を効果的に防止することができる。
【００４７】
【実施例８】
〈昇温防止剤〉
麻布（麻番手６０番手）を、一部に開口部を持たせたお手玉状（幅、奥行き、高さ、共に約５ｃｍ）に縫製し、その開口部から、常法により調製した、ジー・エム・ブラッドブルックら、『カーボハイドレート・リサーチ』、第３２９巻、６５５乃至６６５頁（２０００年）に記載されている含水結晶環状四糖を充填し、開口部を縫い合わせて、お手玉状の形状の昇温防止剤を作製した。
【００４８】
本品は、本発明の耐火保管庫の他、従来の耐火保管庫や、耐火性能を有する保管容器、運搬容器、建築物もしくはその一室の内部に載置することにより、これらが火災等の加熱条件に曝された際の内部の昇温を効果的に防止することができる。
【００４９】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したとおり、本発明は、耐火保管庫をその外部から内部に向かって外層、中間層及び内層の３層を含む多層構造により形成し、その多層構造において、外層として、耐火保管庫の部分構造としては従来採用されてこなかった耐火性断熱材料による嵩比重１．０ｇ／ｃｍ³以下の層と、これに組み合わせて、中間層として、空気層及び／又は吸熱特性を有する材料による層と、内層として、不燃性材料による嵩比重２．０ｇ／ｃｍ³以下の層をそれぞれ採用するときには、極めて優れた耐火性能と可搬性とを兼備する耐火保管庫とすることができるという本発明者等による全く独自の知見に基づくものである。本発明の耐火保管庫は、従来の耐火保管庫が保管対象とする物品のみならず、美術品をはじめとする質的劣化の回避が望まれる物品の保管用として極めて有用である。また、本発明が開示する耐火保管庫の構造は、業務用ならびに家庭用の各種物品の保管用の耐火保管庫に利用できるのみならず、スーツケースやコンテナなど各種物品の運搬容器、建築物における全体もしくは一室の構造、建築物の鉄骨・免震装置を被覆する構造のほか、車輌、船舶、飛行機のボディーや大気圏内外の往復に繰り返し使用される宇宙船の船体の構造などにも応用が可能である。
【００５０】
この発明は、斯くも顕著な作用効果を奏する発明であり、斯界に貢献すること誠に多大な意義のある発明である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】含水結晶トレハロースの吸熱特性を示す図である。
【図２】ＪＩＳ耐火金庫に定める標準加熱試験のための標準温度曲線である。
【図３】本発明の耐火保管庫の一例（実施例１、耐火保管庫Ａ）の縦断面を模式的に示す図である。
【図４】本発明の耐火保管庫の別の一例（実施例１、耐火保管庫Ｂ）の縦断面を模式的に示す図である。
【図５】本発明の耐火保管庫のさらに別の一例（実施例１、耐火保管庫Ｃ）の縦断面を模式的に示す図である。
【図６】本発明の耐火保管庫（Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ）ならびに対照の保管庫（Ｘ₁、Ｘ₂）を１時間標準加熱試験に供した際の内部温度の変化を示す図である。
【図７】本発明の耐火保管庫のさらに別の一例（実施例２）の縦断面を模式的に示す図である。
【図８】本発明の耐火保管庫のさらに別の一例（実施例３）の縦断面を模式的に示す図である。
【図９】本発明の耐火保管庫のさらに別の一例（実施例４）の縦断面を模式的に示す図である。
【図１０】本発明の耐火保管庫のさらに別の一例（実施例５）の縦断面を模式的に示す図である。
【図１１】実施例５による本発明の耐火保管庫の、保管庫部と蓋部とが独立した状態にあるときの外観を模式的に示す斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 保管庫部
１ａ 外層
１ｂ 内層
１ｃ 中間層
１ｄ スペーサー
１ｅ 昇温防止剤
１ｆ 防水層
１ｇ、１ｈ 最外層
２ 蓋部
２ａ 保管庫部における外層に対応する蓋部の層
２ｂ 保管庫部における内層に対応する蓋部の層
２ｃ 保管庫部における中間層に対応する蓋部の層
２ｄ 保管庫部におけるスペーサーに対応する蓋部におけるスペーサー
２ｆ 保管庫部における防水層に対応する蓋部の層
２ｇ、２ｈ 保管庫部における最外層に対応する蓋部の層
３ 保管物品[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a novel fireproof storage, and in particular, has a fireproof performance capable of preventing qualitative deterioration of stored articles even when exposed to high temperature conditions, and has excellent portability. It is about.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a fireproof storage such as a conventional fireproof safe, the heat capacity of the wall (product of specific heat and mass) is ensured by using a material with relatively large specific heat and mass such as concrete as the wall material of the storage. This has achieved fireproof performance. For this reason, the weight as a whole becomes enormous. Whether it is for business use or home use, as a fireproof storage that assumes the storage of valuable items such as money, precious metals and securities, the characteristic is that it has an enormous weight as long as the intended fireproof performance is achieved. Rather than being stolen, they tend to be welcomed. For this reason, there has been little interest in reducing the weight of fireproof storage.
[0003]
However, even though it has excellent fireproof performance, fireproof storage warehouses are visited by fires that are unrecognizable in the time it takes to extinguish, such as fires in high-rise buildings, fires caused by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, etc. If it is broken, there is no guarantee that the stored items can be maintained stably. In order to cope with such a situation, the fireproof storage must be taken out of the fire site as quickly as possible. It must be said that it is virtually impossible to do. It can be said that such a problem can be solved if a fireproof storage room having sufficient fireproof performance and excellent portability is established.
[0004]
On the other hand, in the present age when interest in articles having property value such as works of art has increased, there is an increasing demand for safe storage of such articles held privately and publicly. Therefore, the present inventors have examined whether or not the fireproof performance of the fireproof storages that are currently in widespread use can be used for storing such articles. As a result, “general paper, JIS S 1037: 1998” (revised on March 20, 1998, issued by the Japanese Standards Association) (hereinafter abbreviated as “JIS fireproof safe”). The fireproof performance of a conventional fireproof storage such as a fireproof storage is generally maintained so that the original state of the stored article can be distinguished when the fireproof storage is exposed to high temperature conditions. The present inventors have found that it is not always sufficient for storing articles such as works of art for which qualitative degradation is desired to be avoided. From the above, the present inventors, for fireproof storage that combines excellent fireproof performance that can prevent the qualitative deterioration of stored items, and portability that can also handle the above-mentioned scenes such as fire The conclusion that the potential demand is extremely large.
[0005]
By the way, there are a few proposals for fireproof storage with improved portability. For example, the lightweight portable fireproof storage disclosed in Utility Model Registration No. 3033602, the fireproof storage disclosed in JP-A-10-61323, and the like can be mentioned. The storage according to the first proposal is described in the above-mentioned gazette, in the section of the effect of the invention, as "it was possible to reliably protect from fire by simply storing it in a relatively inexpensive refractory that is popular". As is clear from the above, while it has excellent performance in terms of portability, it is difficult to say that it exhibits sufficient fire resistance when used alone. The storage proposed by the second proposal is described in the above-mentioned publication, the section of the problem to be solved by the invention, as follows: “A fireproof storage that ensures excellent fire resistance and is reduced in weight as much as possible to improve usability. As is clear from the above description, the feature of the proposal is that the fireproof performance can be reduced while maintaining the same level of fireproof performance as the conventional one. It is not intended to significantly improve performance. Moreover, it is difficult to say that these proposals have sufficient practicality. As mentioned above, a fireproof storage that combines excellent fireproof performance that can prevent qualitative deterioration of stored goods and portability that can handle the above-mentioned scenes of fire, etc. Regardless, the current situation is that it has not been established at all.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a fireproof storage that has fireproof performance capable of preventing qualitative deterioration of stored articles even when exposed to high temperature conditions and has excellent portability. There is to do.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventors of the present invention firstly want to avoid the qualitative deterioration of the performance of an internal allowable temperature of 177 ° C. or less, which is the performance of the “general paper” fireproof storage defined in the JIS fireproof safe as described above. It was confirmed by preliminary experiments that the fire resistance performance of the present invention, which is the storage of arts, etc., is quite insufficient. Then, we conducted intensive research with the aim of establishing a fireproof storage that far surpassed this fireproof performance and had excellent portability.
[0008]
However, as long as various combinations of general materials used in conventional fireproof storage are tried, satisfactory ones cannot be obtained. Therefore, the present inventors changed the way of thinking and continued research with a focus on materials other than those normally used in fireproof storages. As a result, the fireproof storage is formed by a multilayer structure including three layers of an outer layer, an intermediate layer, and an inner layer from the outside to the inside. In the multilayer structure, as the outer layer, the partial structure of the fireproof storage is conventionally adopted. A bulk specific gravity of 1.0 g / cm by a fireproof heat insulating material ^Three The following layers are employed, and in combination with this, an air layer and / or a layer containing a material having endothermic characteristics as an intermediate layer, and a bulk specific gravity of 2.0 g / cm by a nonflammable material as an inner layer ^Three It has been found that when the following layers are employed, a fireproof storage can be obtained that sufficiently solves the problems of the present invention. The present invention has been made on the basis of the above-mentioned original results by the present inventors.
[0009]
That is, according to the present invention, a storage part having an opening in a part thereof, the opening part of the storage part can be closed and the inside thereof can be kept in a sealed state, and the inside is opened as necessary. A fireproof storage comprising a lid that can be put into a state, wherein the storage is formed from a multilayer structure including three layers of an outer layer, an intermediate layer, and an inner layer from the outside toward the inside, In the multilayer structure, the outer layer has a bulk specific gravity of 1.0 g / cm by a refractory heat insulating material. ^Three The intermediate layer is an air layer and / or a layer containing a material having endothermic characteristics, and the inner layer is a bulk specific gravity of 2.0 g / cm by a non-combustible material. ^Three The above-described problems are solved by providing a fireproof storage characterized by the following layers.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The fireproof storage of the present invention, as schematically shown in FIG. 4 as an example of a longitudinal section thereof, has a storage 1 having an opening in a part thereof, and the opening of the storage is closed to seal the inside. The lid portion 2 can be held in a state and the inside thereof can be opened as necessary, and the storage portion 1 is in order from the outside toward the inside, the outer layer 1a and the intermediate layer 1c. And a multilayer structure including at least three layers of the inner layer 1b, in which the outer layer 1a has a bulk specific gravity of 1.0 g / cm by a refractory heat insulating material. ^Three The intermediate layer 1c is a layer containing an air layer and / or a material having endothermic characteristics, and the inner layer 1b is a bulk specific gravity of 2.0 g / cm due to a noncombustible material. ^Three It is characterized by the following layers. In the example of FIG. 4, the lid 2 includes an outer lid made of the layer 2 a corresponding to the outer layer 1 a in the storage 1 and an inner lid made of the layer 2 b corresponding to the inner layer 1 b in the storage 1. A layer corresponding to the intermediate layer 1c in the storage unit 1 due to the space between the layers 2a and 2b of the lid part when the opening part of the storage unit 1 is closed and used by both members. 2c is formed. Moreover, in FIG. 4, the code | symbol 3 has shown the storage article.
[0011]
The outer layer in the multi-layer structure forming the storage part of the fireproof storage has a bulk specific gravity of 1.0 g / cm, usually by a fireproof heat insulating material. ^Three Hereinafter, desirably, 0.5 g / cm ^Three Hereinafter, more preferably, 0.4 g / cm ^Three As long as it is the following layer, and exhibits the effect of solving the problems of the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the physical properties and chemical composition of the material, and even a layer made of a single substance, It may be a layer formed of a composition containing a plurality of substances. The lower limit of the bulk specific gravity of the outer layer is not particularly limited from the viewpoint of the portability of the refractory storage, but is usually 0.2 g / cm from the viewpoint of maintaining the physical strength of the refractory storage. ^Three Or more, preferably 0.25 g / cm ^Three The above is preferable. Another characteristic suitable as the outer layer is that, in terms of heat resistance, the original mechanical strength is substantially reduced when exposed to temperature conditions up to 1000 ° C., preferably 1200 ° C. and / or thereafter. With respect to heat resistance, the heat conductivity is usually 0.15 W / (m · K) or less, preferably 0.12 W / (m · K) or less at 600 ° C. Thermal insulation is mentioned. Further, when the outer layer has an appropriate flexibility capable of absorbing an impact from the outside, it may be advantageous in installing the outermost layer on the outer side of the outer layer (described later). Examples of the refractory heat insulating material that can be used in the present invention include ceramic fibers and alumina fibers, as well as ceramics (for example, lightweight ceramic products disclosed in JP 2000-109381 A). May be used after being formed into a layer having the above characteristics by a conventional method. In addition, since the commercial name “Iso Wool 1260 Board” (manufactured by Isolite Industry Co., Ltd.), which is a commercially available ceramic fiber board, is pre-formed into a layer (plate) having the above characteristics, It can be used advantageously. The thickness of the outer layer is appropriately selected in consideration of the structure of other layers to be combined, the type of storage article assumed, the field of use of the fireproof storage, and the like. For example, in the case of using as a commercial or household storage comprising the above-mentioned commercially available outer layer, the thickness of the outer layer is usually 10 mm or more, preferably 20 to 400 mm, more preferably A range of 50 to 200 mm is preferred.
[0012]
The inner layer in the multilayer structure forming the storage part of the fireproof safe has a bulk specific gravity of usually 2.0 g / cm due to the non-combustible material. ^Three Hereinafter, preferably 0.5 to 1.5 g / cm ^Three Layers, more preferably 0.8 to 1.2 g / cm ^Three There are no particular limitations on the physical properties and the chemical composition of the material as long as they exhibit the effect of solving the problems of the present invention. It may be a layer made of a composition containing any of these substances. With respect to the nonflammability of the inner layer, it is generally preferable that the inner layer does not ignite or ignite substantially under a temperature condition of 800 ° C. or lower, desirably 1000 ° C. or lower. Moreover, as the inner layer, it is desirable that the heat capacity can be secured within a range that does not adversely affect the portability of the fireproof storage. In addition to the above-mentioned bulk specific gravity, characteristics suitable for securing the desired heat capacity include moderate thermal conductivity, usually 0.6 W / (m · K) or less at 350 ° C., preferably 0. 4 W / (m · K) or less. As an example of the non-combustible material that can be used in the present invention, for example, the standard C- defined in “Japanese Industrial Standard, Fireproof Insulating Brick, JIS R 2611: 1992” (Revised on May 1, 1992, issued by the Japanese Standards Association) 1 may be used, which may be used after being processed into a desired shape as necessary. In addition, it is optional to use a commercially available product that satisfies the above criteria, for example, the trade name “Isolite C-1” (manufactured by Isolite Industry Co., Ltd.). The thickness of the inner layer is appropriately selected in consideration of the structure of other layers to be combined, the type of storage article assumed, the field of use of the fireproof storage, and the like. For example, in the case of use as a commercial or household storage comprising the above-mentioned commercially available inner layer, the thickness of the inner layer is usually 1 mm or more, preferably 2 to 40 mm, more preferably A range of 5 to 20 mm is preferred.
[0013]
The multilayer structure forming the storage part of the fireproof storage of the present invention further has an intermediate layer located between the outer layer and the inner layer as described above. The intermediate layer is an air layer and / or a layer containing a material having endothermic characteristics. When an air layer is provided as the intermediate layer, an appropriate spacer may be positioned between the outer layer and the inner layer by a conventional method. Providing the air layer as an intermediate layer is particularly advantageous in improving the portability of the fireproof storage.
[0014]
On the other hand, when a layer containing a material having endothermic properties is provided as the intermediate layer, further improvement in the fire resistance performance of the fireproof storage can be achieved. The material having the endothermic characteristics is not particularly limited in characteristics and chemical composition as long as it exhibits the effect of solving the problems of the present invention when the intermediate layer is formed in the fireproof storage, Or a composition comprising a plurality of substances. As the material having endothermic characteristics that can be used in the present invention, for example, an endothermic reaction is usually performed in the range of about 80 ° C. to about 200 ° C., preferably in the range of about 90 ° C. to about 150 ° C. without being affected by humidity. Inorganic or organic materials having endothermic properties that cause Examples of such inorganic materials that can be used in the present invention include sodium thiosulfate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium sulfate, and the like, which are inorganic materials that can take the form of hydrates. Examples of such organic materials that can be used in the present invention include glucose, maltose, lactose, trehalose (α, α-trehalose; unless otherwise specified in the present invention, α, α-trehalose is “trehalose”. ), Neotrehalose (α, β-trehalose), monosaccharides or oligosaccharides such as raffinose, rhamnose and lactulose, sugar alcohols such as erythritol, xylitol, sorbitol, maltitol, lactitol, α-cyclodextrin, β -Cyclodextrins, γ-cyclodextrins and cyclodextrins containing these glycosyl derivatives and cyclic tetrasaccharides (cyclic tetrasaccharides are described, for example, by GM Bradbrook et al., “Carbohydrate Research”, Vol. 329, 655 to 665 pages In 2000), is described as "cyclic tetrasaccharide", its crystal structure is described in detail.) And the like saccharides such as cyclic saccharide containing the glycosyl derivatives. In the case of the above materials that can take the form of hydrated crystals or hydrates, the material in such a form can absorb the endothermic characteristics due to the release of bound water or the inside of the storage part due to the release of bound water. This is particularly useful in the practice of the present invention because it also has the property of being able to be suppressed. Further, in addition to the above endothermic characteristics, it is more desirable to have a characteristic that has a low risk of generating toxic gas when heated, and the above saccharides are relatively less likely to generate toxic gas. This is particularly advantageous in the practice of the present invention. One of the particularly desirable materials mentioned from the above viewpoint is water-containing crystal trehalose, and a commercially available product of such a saccharide is, for example, the trade name “Treha” (registered trademark, sold by Hayashibara Corporation). Incidentally, FIG. 1 shows the endothermic characteristics (endothermic amount per unit time / unit weight) of the hydrous crystal trehalose under the temperature rising condition of 10 ° C./min in the temperature range of 50 ° C. to 170 ° C. using the commercial product. This is a result measured by a differential scanning calorimeter, and this result shows that the hydrous crystal trehalose has an endothermic characteristic advantageous for the practice of the present invention. In order to form the intermediate layer using the above materials, for example, one or two or more materials appropriately selected according to the purpose are formed in advance using a suitable binder or the like. Alternatively, the material may be filled in the space provided in the outer layer and the inner layer. The thickness of the intermediate layer is appropriately selected in consideration of the structure of other layers to be combined, the type of storage article assumed, the field of use of the storage, and the like. For example, in the case of use as a storage for business use or household use, the thickness of the intermediate layer is usually 1 mm or more, preferably 2 to 40 mm, more preferably 5 to 20 mm. Further, in the fireproof storage of the present invention, as the intermediate layer, a structure composed of two or more layers in which the air layer as described above and a layer containing a material having endothermic properties are adjacent to each other is adopted. A structure that partially includes a material having characteristics, for example, a structure in which voids are appropriately provided in a layer of the material can also be employed.
[0015]
Although the multilayer structure forming the storage part in the fireproof storage of the present invention is based on the above structure, an outermost layer can be further provided outside the outer layer as necessary. For example, when an outermost layer made of metal or ceramic (ceramics) is provided, the outer layer of the storage unit is avoided from being exposed to a direct fire due to a fire or the like, and as a result, an increase in internal temperature is more effectively suppressed. There is an advantage that you can. Moreover, such an outermost layer also exhibits a function of protecting the inner structure from an external impact. In the case where a metal layer or a ceramic layer is provided as the outermost layer, when the fireproof storage is exposed to a temperature change, due to the difference in expansion coefficient between the metal layer and the inner structure, In some cases, stress is applied to the outer layer in the storage section, for example, and the inner layer may be deformed or cracked, thereby adversely affecting the suppression of the temperature rise inside. Such a problem can be avoided by using a thinnest layer as possible as the outermost layer and making the thin layer not adhere to the inner layer entirely. Also, a buffer layer having flexibility and fire resistance is provided on the inner surface in contact with the outermost layer, or the inner layer in contact with the outermost layer is a layer formed of a material having appropriate flexibility. Such a problem can be avoided. The thickness of the outermost layer is appropriately selected according to the type of material. For example, for a ceramic layer, when using a material having a relatively high heat resistance, usually a heat resistance that can withstand temperature conditions up to 1000 ° C. The thickness of the metal layer is about 2 mm or less when copper or aluminum is used, and the thickness is about 0.5 mm when iron or stainless steel is used. If it is as follows, it has the characteristic that the above problems can be effectively avoided together with improvement in fire resistance and impact resistance. On the other hand, when the outermost layer is not provided, or when a layer made of a sheet having moisture permeability such as paper, cloth (cloth), wood, etc. is provided as the outermost layer, the fireproof storage room has an external environment under normal temperature conditions. There is a feature that the inside of the storage can be conditioned by adjusting. Moreover, by providing a layer made of a material that can be appropriately colored, such as paper, cloth, and wood, as the outermost layer, it becomes easy to decorate the fireproof storage with a desired color and pattern.
[0016]
In addition to the multilayer structure as described above, a waterproof layer can be advantageously installed between the outer layer and the intermediate layer as necessary. For example, the fireproof storage is assumed to receive water discharge in fire fighting activities in the event of a fire, but if the intermediate layer in the storage is a layer of inorganic or organic material, the material is discharged. Dissolving in water and flowing out from the intermediate layer may cause problems such as adversely affecting the performance of the refractory storage and preventing reuse of the storage. Such a problem can be avoided by installing the waterproof layer as described above. The material and performance of such a waterproof layer are not limited as long as the function of the storage of the present invention is not hindered. For example, sheets laminated with aluminum foil can be advantageously used.
[0017]
In the fireproof storage of the present invention, one or two or more layers or spaces among the outermost layer, outer layer, waterproofing layer, intermediate layer, inner layer, or inner space of the inner layer described above. Further, if necessary, a layer that meets or does not meet the requirements of any of these layers may be provided. By adopting such a structure, the portability is slightly inferior, but further improvement in fire resistance can be achieved. For example, a layer made of calcium silicate or foamed concrete, which is a relatively excellent non-combustible material, is provided in an appropriate space, usually any layer or space inside the outer layer, preferably inside the outer layer, in contact with the outer layer. Thus, it is possible to further improve the fire resistance of the fireproof storage. In addition, for example, depending on the shape (described later), the refractory storage may have a portion that locally becomes hot when exposed to heating conditions. Thus, it is also possible to advantageously reinforce the fire resistance at a location where a local high temperature is expected. Specifically, the corners of the middle layer and inner layer of the box-shaped fireproof storage may be hotter depending on the conditions compared to the middle layer and inner layer locations other than the corner. Can be avoided by providing another layer as described above, preferably the outermost layer made of a material having fire resistance performance, at a location corresponding to the corner portion.
[0018]
The storage part in the fireproof storage of the present invention is formed by the multilayer structure as described above. As long as the storage part has an opening part, and is formed by the multilayer structure described above when the inside is sealed in combination with a lid part that can close the opening part The procedure for the formation and the structure in the case where it is in an independent state from the lid are not limited. For example, the storage section prepares a desired shape such as a flat plate having a target multilayer structure in advance, and uses this as a part to form a desired shape such as a box having an opening in a part. It can be formed by assembling. In addition, for example, a structure having a desired shape such as a box shape having an opening in a part, which is substantially composed only of an outer layer, is first prepared, and other layers such as an intermediate layer and an inner layer are sequentially laminated thereon. The storage part can also be formed. Furthermore, as a whole structure of the refractory storage, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the lid 2 is formed in a box shape having an opening in a part thereof, and the storage 1 is inserted into the lid 2. In this case, when a structure is adopted in which the interior of the storage unit is hermetically sealed, the lid 2 has a desired layer corresponding to the outer layer, intermediate layer, inner layer, etc. in the storage unit. The storage unit 1 when it is in an independent state from the lid part 2 is not necessarily required to have all three layers of the outer layer, the intermediate layer, and the inner layer in the part corresponding to the part of the lid part having the desired layer. Absent. In addition, the shape of the storage part is not limited to a specific one. It can be selected as appropriate in consideration of the design. Furthermore, the position of the opening in the storage unit can be appropriately selected according to the purpose from the upper surface, the side surface, and the bottom surface.
[0019]
The lid in the fireproof storage of the present invention can close the opening of the storage described above and keep the inside in a sealed state, and make the inside open if necessary. It is a structure that can. The lid portion is desirably originally formed of the same multi-layer structure as the storage unit described above, but depending on the shape and performance of the storage unit, the area of the opening in the storage unit, etc. As long as the effect of solving the problem is not lost, a part of the multilayer structure may be omitted or partially modified. For example, including the layer corresponding to the outer layer in the storage unit described above, if necessary, the layer corresponding to the intermediate layer and / or the inner layer, and if necessary, corresponding to the outermost layer and / or the waterproof layer What consists of a multilayer structure containing the layer which carries out can be normally advantageously utilized as a cover part in this invention. Moreover, a cover part can also be set as the structure comprised from the 2 or more independent cover part member containing one of the above layers like an outer cover and an inner cover. At this time, it is optional to have a structure in which the lid members are in close contact with each other, or a structure having an appropriate space between the lid members, and a structure having a space. In this case, the space exhibits a function equivalent to that of the air layer in the intermediate layer of the storage unit. The shape of the lid part for sealing the inside of the storage part and the method for sealing thereof are within a range that does not lose the effect of solving the problems of the present invention, depending on the shape of the storage part and the lid part. It can be selected appropriately. For example, for a storage part having an opening on the upper surface, as in the cover part 2 shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 and FIG. 7 to FIG. The sealed state in the storage part is achieved by placing the lid part from above the storage part. Moreover, like the cover part 2 which has shown sectional drawing and perspective view in FIG.10 and FIG.11, respectively, the cover part surrounds the outer periphery of a storage part without gap, and the box-shaped shape which has an opening part in part The desired sealed state is achieved by inserting the storage part into this lid part. On the other hand, regardless of the position of the opening in the storage unit, the lid is formed in, for example, a plate shape that can seal the opening, and this lid is used in the opening of the storage unit using a metal fitting or the like. If it is attached to one end so as to be openable and closable, the sealed state and the open state of the storage part can be appropriately achieved without separating the lid part from the storage part. In addition, it is also optional to provide a fireproof storage of the present invention configured as described above with a handle, a wheel, or the like, if necessary, to improve portability or to have a locking function.
[0020]
The storage of the present invention configured as described above usually has a fire resistance far surpassing the performance of “one hour fire resistance for general paper” confirmed by the “one hour standard heating test” defined in JIS fireproof safes. It has performance and excellent portability. The outline of the standard heating test set forth in the above standard will be described. First, as a test heating furnace, a subject (refractory storage) is installed inside thereof, and the entire surface other than the bottom of the subject is almost uniform. A furnace capable of giving a change in temperature with time along the standard temperature curve shown in FIG. 2 is prepared. Place a subject with a thermometer (thermocouple) inside and on the surface of the test furnace, and heat the subject in the test furnace so that the surface temperature of the subject changes along the standard temperature curve. To do. During this time, the internal temperature of the subject is measured as needed. When the predetermined time has elapsed, the heating is stopped, and then the system is allowed to cool, and then the internal temperature of the subject is measured (“1 hour standard heating test”, “2 hours depending on the time until the heating is stopped”) This is called “standard heating test”). The performance of “1 hour fire resistance for general paper” defined in the above standard means that when a subject is heated for 1 hour according to this standard heating test and then allowed to cool until a decrease in the internal temperature of the subject is observed, the internal temperature The performance of maintaining the peak of 177 ° C so as not to exceed 177 ° C. The refractory storage of the present invention has a refractory internal temperature of 177 ° C. that is clearly below 165 ° C., usually 165 ° C. or less, and, in a preferred case, 150 ° C. or less, in this 1 hour standard heating test. In some cases, it has the performance of maintaining at 130 ° C. or lower. And while having such fireproof performance, the said fireproof storage also has the outstanding portability. Although depending on the capacity and performance, for example, a conventional 20 liter conventional fireproof storage for general paper has a total weight of usually 80 kg or more, and in some cases 100 kg or more. The weight is usually 40 kg or less, 20 kg or less in a preferable case, and 10 kg or less in a more preferable case.
[0021]
The fireproof storage of the present invention as described above includes not only articles intended for normal fireproof storage such as banknotes, coins, precious metals, securities, rights books, but also paintings, hanging scrolls, pottery, porcelain, lacquerware, swords It is particularly useful as a storage for storing articles such as works of art, including antique works such as armor and antique documents, which are desired to avoid qualitative deterioration, and flammable and ignitable substances and articles. Moreover, the structure of the fireproof storage which this invention discloses can be applied also to structures other than a storage. Application examples include, for example, transport containers for various sized articles ranging from personal suitcases to containers for vehicles, ships, passenger aircraft, etc., storage boxes and storage boxes for various household and commercial items. , Organizing boxes, the body of electronic devices, and the covering structure of electronic devices in buildings. In addition, since the fireproof storage according to the present invention is characterized by being reduced in weight, the structure can be applied to a structure having a larger size. For example, the structure of the fireproof storage according to the present invention is adopted as a wall material in a building, and it is used in a building such as a warehouse for storing articles that are desired to avoid qualitative deterioration as well as general buildings, or in buildings. By forming a room and adopting it as a structure that covers steel frames and seismic isolation devices in buildings, especially high-rise buildings, the main parts of the buildings are protected from fire, and vehicles, ships, airplanes, etc. By adopting it in the structure of the body of the vehicle, improving its fire resistance, and further adopting it in the structure of a spacecraft hull that is repeatedly used for reciprocation outside the atmosphere such as a space shuttle, It can be advantageously implemented to suppress the temperature rise in the spacecraft when entering the atmosphere. On the other hand, the structure of the fireproof storage according to the present invention can be applied to an article / material that may generate heat or a structure that is desired to block heat from an article / material in a high temperature state. For example, by adopting the structure of the refractory storage as the structure of the covering structure of electrical products that may generate heat, the factory that handles the articles and materials that may generate heat, or its room, It is possible to minimize the spread of fires and other damage caused by unexpected heat generation of materials. At this time, the directionality of the multilayer structure in the fireproof storage can be advantageously reversed. Moreover, if a laminate in the shape of a flat plate or the like having a structure corresponding to the multilayer structure that constructs the storage part of the fireproof storage is prepared in advance, it can be used as a fireproof panel that can be used in various fields. it can. For example, such a fireproof panel is a material for the fireproof storage, a material for the transport container as described above, a building material for the building as described above, a structural material of the hull of the spacecraft as described above, etc. Is available as
[0022]
The above-mentioned materials having endothermic properties used for the fireproof storage of the present invention, especially carbohydrates, have a remarkable effect of solving the problems of the present invention when incorporated as a part of the fireproof storage of the present invention. On the other hand, it also exhibits endothermic characteristics when used in a form independent of the fireproof storage, so it can be used as an anti-temperature riser, for example, by placing it in the storage. You can also Based on this fact, the present invention also provides a temperature rise preventive agent containing a saccharide as an active ingredient. The temperature rise inhibitor according to the present invention contains one or more kinds selected from the above-mentioned carbohydrates as an active ingredient, and other ingredients or components contained therein as long as the original endothermic properties are exhibited. The form does not matter. For example, the temperature rise inhibitor may be the above-mentioned sugar only, or the above-mentioned sugar and coloring matter, fragrance, deodorant, insect repellent, fungicide generally used in the fields of building materials and household products. Provided as a composition with a hygroscopic material or the like, and usually contains 80% or more, preferably 90 to 100% of the above-mentioned carbohydrates in terms of weight. Further, the temperature rise preventing agent according to the present invention is, as necessary, a material having moisture permeability and / or flexibility, for example, Japanese paper, a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric formed from natural fibers, synthetic fibers, fire resistant fibers, etc. Etc. can be provided in a state filled in a bag prepared by sewing or the like. When the temperature-inhibiting agent filled in the bag is used by being placed inside the fireproof storage, it depends on the size of the fireproof storage and the type of stored articles, but the sugar is usually used. It is preferable to contain about 1 to 1000 g, desirably about 10 to 500 g. If the above temperature rise preventive agent according to the present invention is placed in a normal fireproof storage or in the fireproof storage of the present invention, depending on the capacity of the storage, one or two or more may be placed inside the storage. Can be more effectively prevented. In addition, the temperature rising prevention agent by this invention can also be mounted and utilized in structures other than a fireproof storage. For example, it can be placed inside a container or building for various types of articles or inside a room to prevent the internal temperature from rising when these structures are heated from the outside, or vice versa. It is possible to advantageously carry out the prevention of leakage of heat generated by such articles and materials to the outside by placing them within a structure for storing and transporting the goods and materials. In addition to the walls of refractory buildings, the heat absorbing material is used not only for general means of transportation such as vehicles, ships, and airplanes, but also for spacecraft bodies (hulls) that are repeatedly used for round trips outside the atmosphere such as space shuttles. By using it as one member, it can be used as one member to make up the covering structure to increase the fire resistance of the structure itself, or to give fire resistance to steel frames and seismic isolation devices in buildings, The fire resistance of the covering structure can be increased.
[0023]
Furthermore, the present invention also provides a temperature rise prevention structure comprising the temperature rise prevention agent according to the present invention as described above as at least a part of the constituent material. The structure for preventing temperature rise in the present invention means a structure capable of blocking or suppressing heat conduction from a heat source and its member, specifically, a panel, a sheet, and molding using these. Examples include various sizes and shapes of containers, bags, and the like. “Contained as at least a part of the constituent material” as used herein means that the temperature rise prevention agent alone or together with other materials constitutes a temperature rise prevention structure. In the above, it is desirable that the temperature rise preventing agent is contained in a state in which it can be aerated with the outside air. For example, in the case of a panel, the temperature rise inhibitor between two plate-like materials made of a desired material such as ceramic fiber, alumina fiber, fireproof insulating brick, ceramics, foam concrete, wood, paper (cardboard, cardboard, etc.) To seal the periphery, or to apply the temperature-inhibiting agent filled in a bag of a desired size and shape to the entire surface of the plate-like material of the desired material, or as appropriate The structure obtained by laminating | stacking the said temperature rising prevention agent previously shape | molded in plate shape using the binder with a desired plate-like material is mentioned. In addition, for example, in the sheet, a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, a sheet, or the like of a desired material is sewn into a bag shape, filled with the temperature-inhibiting agent, and sewn in a quilting shape as required. A structure obtained by sewing the temperature-inhibiting agent filled in a bag of a desired size and shape on a woven fabric, non-woven fabric, sheet, or the like, entirely or partially. Use the structure as described above as a member, and if it is molded into a container or bag of the desired shape, store items that are desired to avoid an increase in temperature, or conversely, items that may generate heat. It can be a storage, storage, transport container, etc. for storing, transporting and the like. It is also optional to use the temperature rise prevention structure of the present invention in the shape of a panel or sheet as a structural material for a structure having a larger size such as a building, vehicle, ship, airplane, airship, spacecraft.
[0024]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on experiments and examples.
[0025]
[Experiment]
<Qualitative deterioration due to heating of stored items>
In order to investigate the qualitative deterioration that occurs when paper, wood, and fabrics, which are the main materials of tangible assets such as works of art and are poor in fire resistance, are exposed to heating conditions, It used for the heating test. As samples, 14 types shown in Table 1 below (rectangles of 6 to 7 cm in length and 7 to 10 cm in width. In the case of wood, the thickness is about 1 cm) were used. In heating the sample, each sample is placed in an electric furnace set so that the internal temperature becomes one of the temperatures shown in Table 1 below, and is not in contact with the wall surface in the electric furnace for any time shown in the same table. It was carried out by hanging on a metal rod. The evaluation was based on visual observation by five persons engaged in the museum business. That is, the samples after heat treatment are “◎” (no qualitative deterioration is observed), “◯” (although qualitative change is observed but very slight), “Δ”, based on the untreated sample. (Although a relatively clear qualitative change is recognized, it is well tolerated as a qualitative deterioration of art that cannot be avoided over time), “×” Table 1 shows the evaluations shown by the most evaluators. The evaluation was made in five stages: “xx” (not acceptable due to large qualitative deterioration). The individual evaluations summarized in Table 1 were consistent by 4 or more of the 5 evaluators, and were judged to be sufficiently reliable.
[0026]
[Table 1]

[0027]
As is apparent from Table 1, paper, wood, and fabrics generally have no qualitative degradation within the acceptable range of up to 130 ° C when the heating time is within 6 hours. Even so, it was found that it was generally within an acceptable range except for some papers. As a result, the fire resistance of the general paper fireproof safe defined in the JIS fireproof safe (internal allowable temperature of 177 ° C.), which is the fireproof performance of the fireproof storage that is widely used at present, is the time to be exposed to heating conditions. However, it is shown that the fireproof performance for storing articles that are required to avoid qualitative deterioration is not always sufficient.
[0028]
[Example 1]
<Fireproof storage and its fireproof performance>
[0029]
Example 1-1
<Fireproof storage>
A fireproof storage A having a structure schematically shown in the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 3 was produced as an example of the fireproof storage of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, in the storage part 1 of the fireproof storage A, the outer layer 1a is a layer having a thickness of 100 mm made of ceramic fiber board (trade name “ISOWOOL 1260 board” manufactured by Isolite Industry Co., Ltd.) which is a fireproof heat insulating material. The inner layer 1b is a layer having a thickness of 10 mm made of a fireproof heat insulating brick (trade name “Isolite C-1” manufactured by Isolite Industry Co., Ltd.) which is a nonflammable material, and the intermediate layer 1c is a spacer 1d made of the above fireproof heat insulating brick Is an air layer having a thickness of 10 mm. The lid 2 can be placed on the inner layer 1b, and has a plate-like size that can hold the interior of the storage 1 in a sealed state. The inner lid is composed of a layer 2b having a thickness of 10 mm made of the above-mentioned refractory heat-insulating brick corresponding to the inner layer 1b. And an outer lid made of a layer 2a having a thickness of 100 mm made of the above-mentioned refractory heat-insulating material corresponding to the outer layer 1a and having a size that can be placed on the outer layer 1a with an interval of 10 mm. As shown in FIG. 3, when the lid 2 is used by installing the inner lid and the outer lid, which are members thereof, in the opening of the storage 1, the space generated between them is an intermediate layer in the storage 1. A layer 2c corresponding to 1c is formed. In the fireproof storage A, the outer dimensions of the state in which the lid 2 is installed in the storage 1 are 63 cm in width and 59 cm in depth (the width refers to the left and right direction on the paper surface of FIG. ), And the height is 40 cm. In addition, the code | symbol 3 has shown the storage article through FIG. 3 thru | or FIG. 5 and FIG.
[0030]
A fireproof storage B having a structure schematically shown in the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 4 was produced as another example of the fireproof storage of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the refractory storage B is replaced with a hydrated crystal trehalose powder (commodity) that is a material having endothermic properties instead of the intermediate layer including the spacer in the storage part of the refractory storage A. All the same as the refractory storage A except that a 10 mm thick intermediate layer 1c by the name “Treha”, sold by Hayashibara Shoji Co., Ltd. is provided by filling the space between the outer layer and the inner layer with the trehalose powder. It is a structure.
[0031]
A fireproof storage C having a structure schematically shown in the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 5 was produced as still another example of the fireproof storage of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the fireproof storage C has the water-containing crystal trehalose powder filled in the silk bag as the temperature rise inhibitor 1e inside the storage 1 (1246 g as the weight of the water-containing crystal trehalose powder). Except for the above, all have the same structure as the fireproof storage B.
[0032]
As a control, storage X consisting only of outer layer and outer lid (both thicknesses 100mm) in fireproof storage A ₁ And the storage X except that the thickness of the outer layer and the outer lid are both 120 mm ₁ Storage X with the same structure as ₂ Manufactured.
[0033]
Example 1-2
<Standard heating test>
Fireproof storages A, B and C and control storage X according to the above example ₁ And storage X ₂ Was subjected to a one-hour standard heating test as defined in the JIS fireproof safe, and the change in the internal temperature of the storage was examined. The result is shown in FIG. In FIG. 6, A, B, and C indicate changes in internal temperature in the fireproof storages A, B, and C, respectively. ₁ And X ₂ Is the control vault X ₁ And storage X ₂ The change of the internal temperature in is shown. Moreover, in the case of this test, a paulownia box was placed as a model of a stored article in each storage, and after completion of the test, the state was visually observed.
[0034]
As shown in FIG. 6, the peak of the internal temperature was about 160 ° C. for the refractory storage A, about 130 ° C. for the refractory storage B, and about 120 ° C. for the refractory storage C. In addition, as for the state of the paulownia box placed inside, in the case of fireproof storage A, some discoloration was recognized, but it did not burn, but in the case of fireproof storage B and C No alterations were observed in the paulownia box. The above results show that the fireproof storage according to the present invention far surpasses the performance of “1 hour fireproof for general paper” defined in JIS fireproof safes (internal temperature of 177 ° C. or less in 1 hour standard heating test). Among them, the fireproof storage provided with a layer made of a material having endothermic properties as an intermediate layer shows that it is particularly excellent for storing articles such as fine arts that are desired to avoid qualitative deterioration. . On the other hand, in the control storage X1 and storage X2, the internal temperature was much higher than 200 ° C., and the paulownia box placed inside was burnt throughout. As is clear from this result, when the storage is composed only of the outer layer in the present invention, although the tendency to improve the fire resistance by increasing the thickness of the layer is recognized, in order to achieve the desired fire resistance Needs to be a very thick layer. Therefore, the above results show that the structure of only the outer layer in the present invention cannot substantially solve the problem of the present invention. In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, in the above heating test, the time when the internal temperature of the fireproof storage (A, B, C) of the present invention reaches a peak is the target storage (X ₁ , X ₂ ) Was clearly slower than This means that when the fireproof storage of the present invention is hit by a fire, there is a time allowance before the fireproof storage.
[0035]
[Example 2]
<Fireproof storage>
A fireproof storage according to the present invention having a structure schematically shown by the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 7 was produced. As shown in FIG. 7, this fireproof storage is waterproofed by a waterproof sheet in which aluminum foil is laminated between the outer layer 1a and the intermediate layer 1c in the storage unit 1 and the surface of the lid layer 2a on the storage unit 1 side. All have the same structure as the fireproof storage C according to Example 1 except that the layers 1f and 2f are provided.
[0036]
This product has excellent fire resistance and portability, and also has the advantage that it can be reused after receiving water discharge even if it receives water from fire extinguishing activities in the event of a fire. .
[0037]
[Example 3]
<Fireproof storage>
A fireproof storage according to the present invention having a structure schematically shown by the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 8 was produced. As shown in FIG. 8, this fireproof storage is provided with outermost layers 1g and 2g having a thickness of 1.5 mm made of aluminum via aluminum block spacers 1d and 2d outside the outer layer. All are the same as the structure of the fireproof storage according to the second embodiment.
[0038]
This product can withstand direct fire, has excellent fire resistance and portability, and has no adverse effects on stored items even if it receives water from fire extinguishing activities at the time of fire, and it can be reused even after receiving water It also has the advantage of being able to.
[0039]
[Example 4]
<Fireproof storage>
A fireproof storage according to the present invention having a structure schematically shown by the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 9 was manufactured. As shown in FIG. 9, this fireproof storage is the structure of the fireproof storage C according to Example 1 except that outermost layers 1h and 2h are provided by cloth (cross) having moisture permeability provided outside the outer layer. Is the same.
[0040]
This product has excellent fire resistance and portability, is also aesthetically pleasing, and, like the fireproof storage C that does not have the outermost layer, adjusts the external environment during storage of articles. This also has the advantage that the inside of the storage can be conditioned.
[0041]
[Example 5]
<Fireproof storage>
A fireproof storage according to the present invention having a structure schematically shown in the longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 10 and the perspective view of FIG. 11 was produced. As shown in FIG. 10, in the storage part 1 of this fireproof storage, the outer layer 1a is a layer made of ceramic fiber board (trade name “ISOWOOL 1260 board”, manufactured by Isolite Kogyo Co., Ltd.), and the inner layer 1b is a nonflammable material. It is a 10 mm thick layer made of a certain fireproof heat-insulating brick (trade name “Isolite C-1” manufactured by Isolite Industry Co., Ltd.). This is a 10 mm thick layer of the trehalose powder formed by filling the product name “Treha” (sales by Hayashibara Corporation). The lid 2 surrounds the entire outer periphery of the storage unit 1 without a gap, has a box-like shape having an opening in a part thereof, and a layer 2a corresponding to the outer layer 1a in the storage unit 1, It consists of layers 2b and 2c corresponding to the inner layer 1b and the intermediate layer 1c in the storage unit 1 provided on the surface in contact with the opening in the storage unit 1. The thickness of the outer layer of the fireproof storage according to the present embodiment is 100 mm as the thickness of the layer alone in the storage part or the cover part, or the sum of the layers in the storage part and the cover part.
[0042]
Since this product has excellent portability and has a structure in which the storage part is inserted into the lid part, the sealed state inside the storage part can be maintained at a higher level, and this is particularly excellent. It has the feature of exhibiting fire resistance.
[0043]
[Example 6]
<Temperature rise prevention agent>
Two pieces of satin silk with a square of about 10cm on each side are sewn together leaving one side to form a bag, filled with water-containing crystal trehalose powder (trade name "Treha", sold by Hayashibara Corporation) and left One side was sewn together to produce a temperature increase preventing agent in the form of a cushion. This product contains about 150 g of trehalose per piece.
[0044]
In addition to the fireproof storage of the present invention, this product can be placed in a conventional fireproof storage, storage container having a fireproof performance, a transport container, a building, or the interior of the room, so that it The internal temperature rise when exposed to heating conditions can be effectively prevented.
[0045]
[Example 7]
<Temperature rise prevention agent>
A rectangular cotton cloth (cotton count 10) with a long side of about 20 cm and a short side of about 9 cm is sewn together, and one side of the short side is sewn into a bag shape. ”, Hayashibara Shoji Co., Ltd.), and the remaining short sides were sewn together to produce a columnar temperature rise prevention agent. This product contains about 100 g of trehalose per piece.
[0046]
In addition to the fireproof storage of the present invention, this product can be placed in a conventional fireproof storage, storage container having a fireproof performance, a transport container, a building, or the interior of the room, so that it The internal temperature rise when exposed to heating conditions can be effectively prevented.
[0047]
[Example 8]
<Temperature rise prevention agent>
G-Mab was sewed in a bead shape (width, depth, height, both about 5 cm) with a part of the opening, and Azabu (linen number 60) was prepared from the opening by a conventional method. Filled with water-containing crystal cyclic tetrasaccharide described in Bradbrook et al., “Carbohydrate Research”, Vol. 329, pp. 655 to 665 (2000), and stitched the opening to form a beanbag shape A temperature rise inhibitor was prepared.
[0048]
In addition to the fireproof storage of the present invention, this product can be placed in a conventional fireproof storage, storage container having a fireproof performance, a transport container, a building, or the interior of the room, so that it The internal temperature rise when exposed to heating conditions can be effectively prevented.
[0049]
【Effect of the invention】
As described above, the present invention forms a fireproof storage with a multilayer structure including three layers of an outer layer, an intermediate layer, and an inner layer from the outside to the inside, and in the multilayer structure, as the outer layer, a part of the fireproof storage The structure has a bulk specific gravity of 1.0 g / cm due to the heat-resistant heat insulating material that has not been adopted conventionally. ^Three In combination with the following layers, the intermediate layer is an air layer and / or a layer made of a material having endothermic characteristics, and the inner layer is a bulk specific gravity of 2.0 g / cm made of a nonflammable material. ^Three When each of the following layers is adopted, it is based on completely unique knowledge by the present inventors that a fireproof storage having both excellent fireproof performance and portability can be obtained. The fireproof storage of the present invention is extremely useful for storing not only the articles that the conventional fireproof storages are intended to store, but also articles that are desired to avoid qualitative deterioration such as fine arts. In addition, the structure of the fireproof storage disclosed by the present invention can be used not only for a fireproof storage for storing various items for business and household use, but also in a container for carrying various items such as a suitcase and a container, and a building. In addition to the structure of the whole or one room, the structure that covers steel frames and seismic isolation devices of buildings, it can also be applied to the structure of vehicles, ships, aircraft bodies, and spacecraft hull structures that are used repeatedly in and out of the atmosphere. Is possible.
[0050]
This invention is an invention that exhibits such remarkable effects, and it is a very significant invention to contribute to this field.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing endothermic characteristics of hydrous crystal trehalose.
FIG. 2 is a standard temperature curve for a standard heating test defined in a JIS fireproof safe.
FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a longitudinal section of an example of the fireproof storage of the present invention (Example 1, fireproof storage A).
FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a longitudinal section of another example of the fireproof storage of the present invention (Example 1, fireproof storage B).
FIG. 5 is a view schematically showing a longitudinal section of yet another example (Example 1, fireproof storage C) of the fireproof storage according to the present invention.
FIG. 6: Refractory storage (A, B, C) and control storage (X ₁ , X ₂ It is a figure which shows the change of internal temperature when it uses for a 1-hour standard heating test.
FIG. 7 is a view schematically showing a longitudinal section of still another example (Example 2) of the fireproof storage of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a view schematically showing a longitudinal section of still another example (Example 3) of the fireproof storage of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a view schematically showing a longitudinal section of still another example (Example 4) of the fireproof storage of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a view schematically showing a longitudinal section of still another example (Example 5) of the fireproof storage of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view schematically showing the appearance of a fireproof storage of the present invention according to Example 5 when the storage and the cover are in an independent state.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Storage Department
1a outer layer
1b Inner layer
1c Middle layer
1d spacer
1e Temperature rise inhibitor
1f Waterproof layer
1g, 1h outermost layer
2 lid
2a The lid layer corresponding to the outer layer in the storage
2b Lid layer corresponding to the inner layer in the storage
2c Lid layer corresponding to the intermediate layer in the storage
2d Spacer in the lid corresponding to the spacer in the storage
2f The lid layer corresponding to the waterproof layer in the storage
2g, 2h Layer of lid corresponding to outermost layer in storage
3 stored goods

Claims (7)

A storage part having an opening in a part thereof, the opening part of the storage part can be closed and the inside thereof can be kept in a sealed state, and the inside can be opened as necessary. A fireproof storage comprising a lid, wherein the storage is formed by a multilayer structure including at least four layers of an outer layer, a waterproof layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer in order from the outside to the inside, The outer layer is a layer having a bulk specific gravity of 1.0 g / cm ³ or less made of ceramic fiber, alumina fiber or ceramics , the waterproof layer is a layer laminated with aluminum foil, and the intermediate layer is a hydrated crystal α, a layer containing an α- trehalose, inner layer, Ri bulk density 2.0 g / cm ³ or less layers der that the refractory insulating bricks and materials, further, the outer layer in a multilayer structure in which the lid portion to form a depot unit, Waterproof layer, medium Refractory vault for artworks storage, characterized in that it comprises a layer and an inner layer. Have a thermal insulation having the following thermal conductivity 0.15 W / in the outer layers 600 ° C. in a multilayer structure (m · K) to form a vault portion, and a thermal conductivity of 0.6 W / in the inner layer is 350 ° C. ( m · K) The fireproof storage according to claim 1, which has a heat insulating property indicating: Refractory vault according to 請 Motomeko 1 or 2 that have a heat absorption characteristic within the range of the intermediate layer 80 ° C. to 200 ° C. in a multilayer structure to form a depot unit. When subjected to the standard heating test for 1 hour specified in “Japanese Industrial Standard, Fireproof Safe, JISS 1037: 1998” (Revised March 20, 1998, issued by the Japanese Standards Association), the internal temperature of the storage is 165 ° C. The fireproof storage in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3 which has the fireproof performance maintained at the temperature which does not exceed. The fireproof storage according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the weight of the fine art transport container is 40 kg or less . Formed by filling the bag which is formed of a material having a moisture and flexibility permeability of hydrous crystalline trehalose powder, heating agents to provided inside the refractory vault according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The fireproof storage in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 5 which comprises the temperature rising prevention agent of Claim 6 inside .

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