JP5071859B2 - Right / left-handed composite waveguide and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a waveguide for propagating electromagnetic waves, and relates to a composite waveguide that can operate as both a right-handed transmission line and a left-handed transmission line, and a method of manufacturing the same. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide having a structure in which unit structures each including a tip and a short-circuited stub are periodically arranged, having low loss and high power durability, and capable of being manufactured at low cost, and a method for manufacturing the same Is.

  By arranging small pieces (unit structure) such as metal, dielectric, magnetic material, superconductor, etc. at sufficiently short intervals (less than 1/10 of the wavelength), it has a property that is not natural. The medium can be artificially constructed. This medium is called metamaterials in the sense that it belongs to a category that is larger than the category of natural media. The properties of the metamaterial vary depending on the shape and material of the unit structure and their arrangement.

  Among them, metamaterials whose equivalent permittivity ε and permeability μ are negative simultaneously are “left-handed materials (LHM)” because their electric field, magnetic field, and wave vector form a left-handed system. Named. This left-handed medium is referred to as a left-handed metamaterial in this specification. On the other hand, a normal medium in which the equivalent dielectric constant ε and permeability μ are simultaneously positive is called a “right-handed medium (RHM)”. As shown in FIG. 1, the regions related to the dielectric constant ε, the magnetic permeability μ, and the medium can be classified into mediums in the first quadrant to the fourth quadrant according to the positive / negative of the dielectric constant ε and the positive / negative of the magnetic permeability μ. The right-handed medium is a medium in the first quadrant, and the left-handed medium is a medium in the third quadrant.

  In particular, left-handed metamaterials have the presence of waves (called backward waves) in which the signs of the wave group velocity (velocity of energy propagation) and phase velocity (velocity of phase advance) are reversed. It has unique properties such as amplification of evanescent waves that are exponentially attenuated waves in the propagation region. And the track | line which transmits the backward wave by a left-handed-type metamaterial can be artificially comprised. This is known as described in Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2 below.

  Based on the concept of this left-handed medium configuration, a line for propagating backward waves by periodically arranging unit cells made of metal patterns has been proposed. Up to now, the transmission characteristics have been treated theoretically, this line has a left-handed transmission band, a band gap occurs between the left-handed transmission band and the right-handed transmission band, and the band gap width is unit cell. It is theoretically clear that it can be controlled by the reactance inside. These are described in Non-Patent Document 3 below.

As waveguides having the characteristics of a left-handed medium, those described in Non-Patent Document 4 and Non-Patent Document 5 below have been proposed. Non-Patent Document 4 includes a main waveguide serving as a propagation region at the frequency of electromagnetic waves to be transmitted, a diaphragm (inductive window) provided in the main waveguide, and a tip short-circuited stub branched from the main waveguide. A left-handed waveguide with a periodic structure is described. Non-Patent Document 5 describes a left-handed waveguide having a periodic structure including a main waveguide serving as a cutoff region at the frequency of electromagnetic waves to be transmitted and a tip short-circuited stub branched from the main waveguide. . A dielectric is inserted in the tip short-circuited stub in the left-handed waveguide of Non-Patent Document 5.
DRSmith, WJPadilla, DCVier, SCNemat-Nasser, andS.Schultz, “Composite medium with simultaneously negative permeability andpermittivity”, Phys.Rev.Lett., Vol.84, no.18, p.4184-4187, May 2000 C. Caloz, and T. Itoh, “Application of the transmission line theory of left-handed (LH) materials to the realization of a microstrip LH line”, IEEE-APS Int'lSymp. Digest, vol. 2, p. 412-415 , June 2002 AtsushiSanada, Chritophe Caloz and Tatsuo Itoh, “Characteristics of the Composite Right / Left-Handed Transmission Lines”, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Component Letters, vol. 14, no. 2, p. 68-70, February 2004 Ikeda, Kunio Sugawara, Nobuyoshi Kikuma, Hiroshi Hirayama, “Beam Scanning Characteristics of Left-Handed Waveguide Leaky Wave Slot Array Antenna”, 2007 IEICE General Conference Proceedings (BS-1-6), 2007 March, p. S21-S22 Hiroshi Kubo, Masahiko Sakurai, Atsushi Sanada, “Waveguide-type Left-Handed Line and Application to Antennas”, Proceedings of the 2007 IEICE General Conference (BS-1-5), March 2007, p. S19-S20

  A planar left-handed transmission line consisting of a dielectric substrate and a metal pattern on its surface has a relatively large loss due to the dielectric, and further has a problem of energy dissipation due to coupling with the surface wave mode of the substrate. It was. In addition, there is a problem that the upper limit value of power that can be transmitted is small (low power resistance). The waveguide type left-handed transmission line has a smaller loss than the planar left-handed transmission line, and can increase the upper limit value of power that can be transmitted. That is, a transmission line with low loss and high power resistance can be obtained.

  However, the left-handed waveguide of Non-Patent Document 4 has a problem in that it is necessary to provide a diaphragm serving as an inductive window in the main waveguide, and the structure becomes complicated, resulting in an increase in manufacturing cost. . In addition, the left-handed waveguide of Non-Patent Document 5 does not require an inductive window and the structure itself is simplified. However, since a dielectric must be inserted into the tip short-circuited stub, it is also introduced in the manufacturing process. In addition to the step of forming the wave tube structure, a step of inserting a dielectric is required, and there is a problem that the manufacturing process is complicated and the manufacturing cost increases. Furthermore, there is a problem that the loss increases due to the inserted dielectric.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a low-loss and high power-resistant composite waveguide that can operate as a right-handed transmission line or a left-handed transmission line at low cost. Another object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing method for manufacturing such a right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide at a low cost.

  In order to achieve the above object, the right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide of the present invention is a right-handed / left-handed composite waveguide having a structure in which a plurality of unit structures are arranged in a direction for transmitting electromagnetic waves, The unit structure includes a main waveguide and a tip short-circuited stub branched from the main waveguide, and a medium inside the tip short-circuited stub is the same as the medium inside the main waveguide. . When operating as a left-handed waveguide, the main waveguide has a dimension that becomes a cutoff region at the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted, and the tip short-circuited stub has a dimension that becomes a propagation region at the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted. And also shows capacitive impedance as seen from the main waveguide. When operating as a right-handed waveguide, the main waveguide has a dimension that becomes a propagation region at the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted, and the tip short-circuited stub has a dimension that becomes a propagation region at the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted. And inductive impedance as viewed from the main waveguide.

  In the right / left-handed composite waveguide, the main waveguide and the tip short-circuit stub are rectangular waveguides having a rectangular cross-sectional shape, and a lateral dimension of a cross-section of the tip short-circuit stub is It is preferably larger than the transverse dimension of the cross section of the main waveguide.

  In the above-mentioned right / left-handed composite waveguide, a first metal substrate in which a concave groove constituting the main waveguide is formed on one side and a plurality of concave grooves constituting the tip short-circuit stub are formed on one side. It is preferable to consist of a second metal substrate.

  Further, in the right / left-handed composite waveguide, the main waveguide may have a slot formed at a position facing the tip short-circuited stub.

The method for manufacturing a right / left-handed composite waveguide according to the present invention includes a step of forming a concave groove constituting the main waveguide on one surface of the first metal plate in the electromagnetic wave transmission direction, The method includes a step of forming a plurality of concave grooves constituting the tip short-circuit stub on one side in a direction orthogonal to the electromagnetic wave transmission direction, and a step of joining the first metal plate and the second metal plate to each other. is there. The right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide is a right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide having a structure in which a plurality of unit structures are arranged in a direction in which electromagnetic waves are transmitted, and the unit structure is a main waveguide. It consists of a tube and a tip short-circuit stub branched from the main waveguide, and the medium inside the tip short-circuit stub is the same as the medium inside the main waveguide. Further, when the right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide operates as a left-handed waveguide, the main waveguide has a dimension that becomes a cutoff region at the frequency of electromagnetic waves to be transmitted, and the tip short-circuited stub is It is a dimension that becomes a propagation region at the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted, and indicates a capacitive impedance when viewed from the main waveguide. Further, when the right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide operates as a right-handed waveguide, the main waveguide has a dimension that becomes a propagation region at the frequency of electromagnetic waves to be transmitted, and the tip short-circuited stub is It is a dimension that becomes a propagation region at the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted, and shows inductive impedance when viewed from the main waveguide.
In the method for manufacturing a right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide, the main waveguide and the tip short-circuit stub are rectangular waveguides having a rectangular cross-section, and the cross-section of the tip short-circuit stub is lateral. The dimension is preferably larger than the lateral dimension of the cross section of the main waveguide.

  Since this invention is comprised as mentioned above, there exist the following effects.

  The right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide of the present invention realizes a low-loss and high power-resistant transmission line at a frequency in the millimeter wave region or higher. In addition, the right / left-handed composite waveguide of the present invention has a simple structure, can be manufactured by a simple process, and can reduce the manufacturing cost.

  By providing a slot in the right / left-handed composite waveguide of the present invention, a leaky wave antenna having a beam scanning function with low loss and high power durability can be realized.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the right / left-handed composite waveguide 4 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. A plurality of tip short-circuited stubs 2 arranged periodically are connected to a main waveguide 1 having a rectangular cross section made of a conductor (typically metal). As illustrated, the central axis direction of the main waveguide 1 is the z-axis direction of the orthogonal coordinate system (xyz coordinates). The electromagnetic wave propagates in the z-axis direction of the right / left handed composite waveguide 4.

  The tip short-circuit stub 2 is formed so that the dimension in the lateral direction (x-axis direction) is larger than the dimension in the lateral direction (x-axis direction) of the main waveguide 1. The connecting portion between the tip short-circuit stub 2 and the main waveguide 1 is an opening, and the tip end side of the tip short-circuit stub 2 is short-circuited. The tip short-circuit stub 2 is disposed so as to be orthogonal to the z-axis, and is provided in parallel with the xy plane. The main waveguide 1 and the tip short-circuit stub 2 are periodic structures having periodicity in the z-axis direction. This is equivalent to the unit structures 3 (see FIG. 3) being densely arranged periodically in the z-axis direction.

  The right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide 4 can operate as a left-handed waveguide and can also operate as a right-handed waveguide. When operating as a left-handed waveguide, the main waveguide 1 is dimensioned to be a cutoff region at the frequency of electromagnetic waves to be transmitted. On the other hand, the tip short-circuit stub 2 is dimensioned to be a propagation region at the frequency of electromagnetic waves to be transmitted. Furthermore, the tip short-circuit stub 2 is set to have a length in the y-axis direction so as to exhibit capacitive impedance when viewed from the main waveguide 1.

  In other words, at a frequency where the main waveguide 1 becomes a blocking region, the tip short-circuited stub 2 becomes a propagation region, and the tip short-circuited stub 2 shows capacitive impedance when viewed from the main waveguide 1, a right-hand / left-handed composite The waveguide 4 operates as a left-handed waveguide.

  When the right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide 4 operates as a right-handed waveguide, the main waveguide 1 and the tip short-circuited stub 2 are propagation regions at the frequency of electromagnetic waves to be transmitted. The tip short-circuit stub 2 is set to have a length in the y-axis direction so as to show inductive impedance when viewed from the main waveguide 1. In other words, at a frequency where the main waveguide 1 and the tip short-circuited stub 2 serve as a propagation region, and the tip short-circuited stub 2 exhibits inductive impedance when viewed from the main waveguide 1, the right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide 4 is It operates as a right-handed waveguide.

  The medium inside the tip short-circuit stub 2 is the same as the medium inside the main waveguide 1. Since the lateral dimension of the tip short-circuited stub 2 is made larger than the lateral dimension of the main waveguide 1, the operating conditions can be satisfied even when operating as a left-handed waveguide.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of the unit structure 3 constituting the right / left-handed composite waveguide 4. The unit structure 3 includes the main waveguide 1 and the tip short-circuit stub 2, and the dimension P in the z-axis direction is the period (pitch) of the periodic structure. A connection between the main waveguide 1 and the short-circuited short stub 2 is an opening 12, and electromagnetic fields are transmitted to each other through the opening 12. The tip side of the tip short-circuit stub 2 is short-circuited. A horizontal dimension (x-axis direction) of the main waveguide 1 is A, and a vertical dimension (y-axis direction) is B. The horizontal direction (x-axis direction) dimension of the tip short-circuit stub 2 is As, and the vertical direction (z-axis direction) dimension is Bs. The length (y-axis direction dimension) of the tip short-circuit stub 2 is Ls.

  The right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide 4 is equivalent to a large number of unit structures 3 having such a structure arranged periodically with a pitch P in the z-axis direction. The dimension Bs is smaller than the pitch P, and a space of a dimension (P−Bs) is provided between the tip short-circuit stub 2 and the tip short-circuit stub 2 arranged in the z-axis direction. An example of actual dimensions of such a unit structure 3 will be shown below.

P = 9.5 [mm]
A = 19.0 [mm]
B = 6.5 [mm]
As = 38.0 [mm]
Bs = 5.5 [mm]
Ls = 17.5 [mm]

  When the dimensions of the respective parts of the unit structure 3 are set as described above, the right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide 4 operates as a left-handed waveguide and also operates as a right-handed waveguide. It has been confirmed by simulation. Further, in the case of the above dimension example, it has been found that there is no non-pass band (band gap) between the left-handed transmission band and the right-handed transmission band. In the present invention, a balanced design that eliminates the band gap is possible.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the right / left-handed composite waveguide 5 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. This utilizes the right / left handed composite waveguide 5 as a leaky wave antenna. The basic configuration of the right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide 5 is the same as that of the right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide 4 in FIG. A plurality of short-circuited short-circuited stubs 2 arranged periodically are connected to a main waveguide 1 having a rectangular cross section made of a conductor. .. Are provided at positions opposed to the respective short-circuited stubs 2 of the main waveguide 1. A part of the energy of the electromagnetic wave transmitted to the right / left-handed composite waveguide 5 is sequentially emitted from the slots 13, 13,.

  As a result, the right / left-handed composite waveguide 5 functions as a leaky wave antenna. Further, the radiation characteristic of the leaky wave antenna can be changed by changing the frequency of the electromagnetic wave transmitted to the right / left-handed composite waveguide 5. By continuously changing the frequency of the waveguide from the right-handed system frequency to the left-handed system frequency, the radiation direction of the electromagnetic wave can be scanned 180 degrees from the front to the rear. That is, a leaky wave antenna having a beam scanning function can be realized by the right / left-handed composite waveguide 5.

  The slots 13 are arranged at the same pitch P corresponding to each tip short-circuit stub 2. In FIG. 4, the slots 13 are displayed so as to have the same shape, but the width and length of each slot 13 may be changed sequentially. When the width and length of each slot 13 are sequentially changed, the radiation characteristics are different from those of the same shape. The width and length of each slot 13 can be sequentially changed so as to obtain a desired radiation characteristic.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an outline of a method for manufacturing the right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide 4. The right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide 4 having the structure as shown in FIG. 2 can be easily manufactured from two metal plates as shown in FIG. First, a concave groove 11 for forming the main waveguide 1 is formed on one surface (here, the lower surface) of the first metal plate 10 in the electromagnetic wave transmission direction. Also, a plurality of concave grooves 21 for forming the tip short-circuit stub 2 is formed in one direction (here, the upper surface) of the second metal plate 20 in a direction orthogonal to the electromagnetic wave transmission direction. Finally, the first metal plate 10 and the second metal plate 20 are joined together. At that time, the positions of the main waveguide 1 and the tip short-circuit stub 2 are matched. That is, it joins so that each central axis may correspond on the surface of a metal plate.

  When the first metal plate 10 and the second metal plate 20 are joined, the main waveguide 1 and the tip short-circuit stub 2 are constituted by the concave groove 11 and the plurality of concave grooves 21. The connecting portion between the main waveguide 1 and the tip short-circuit stub 2 is an opening, and the other portions are closed by any metal plate. Since only the concave grooves 11 and the plurality of concave grooves 21 are processed on the metal plate, the processing cost can be reduced, and the right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide 4 can be manufactured at a low cost. In addition, as a method of joining and fixing the first metal plate 10 and the second metal plate 20, any fixing method such as screwing or welding can be used.

  FIG. 6 shows the dispersion characteristics of the right / left-handed composite waveguide 4. The dimensions of the unit structure 3 of the right / left-handed composite waveguide 4 are as described above. The dispersion characteristic in FIG. 6 is an electromagnetic field simulation result by a finite element method calculated by giving a periodic boundary condition in the z-axis direction. The horizontal axis of the graph in FIG. 6 represents the wave number in the z-axis direction, that is, the propagation constant β, while the horizontal axis scale represents the propagation constant β as a value normalized by (π / P). However, (pi) is a circumference and P is the period (pitch) of the unit structure 3 in the z-axis direction. The vertical axis of the graph in FIG. 6 is the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted.

  The region where the slope of the tangent of the curve indicating the dispersion characteristic in FIG. 6 is negative indicates that the right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide 4 has the characteristics of the left-handed medium in this region. The right / left-handed composite waveguide 4 having the structure and dimensions as described above exhibits the characteristics of the left-handed medium in the range of 7.18 to 7.86 GHz as shown in the figure, and the range of 7.86 to 12.0 GHz. Shows the characteristics of the right-handed medium. In this right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide 4, the left-handed transmission characteristic and the right-handed transmission characteristic are connected without a band gap, and a balanced right-handed / left-handed composite waveguide can be realized. In this case, the balance frequency is 7.86 GHz.

  The above-described dimension example of the right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide 4 is an example, and other arbitrary dimensions can be used. If the structure / size of the right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide 4 is changed, the frequency region indicating the characteristics of the left-handed medium / right-handed medium also changes.

  FIG. 7 is a graph showing the Bloch impedance of the right / left-handed composite waveguide 4. The horizontal axis of the graph in FIG. 7 is the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted, and the vertical axis is Bloch impedance. The Bloch impedance indicates the impedance of the periodic structure line. From the transmission power on the end face of the main waveguide 1 of the unit structure 3 in FIG. 3 and the vertical integration value (voltage) of the electric field at the center position of the long side. It is calculated.

FIG. 7 shows Bloch impedance when the longitudinal dimension B of the main waveguide 1 is changed. A point “□” indicates a case where B = 4.0 mm, a point “●” indicates a case where B = 6.5 mm, and a point “◯” indicates. This is the case when B = 9.0 mm. A curve indicated as WRJ10 is a theoretical value of impedance of the waveguide WRJ10 with respect to the TE ₁₀ wave. FIG. 7 shows that impedance matching over a wide band with the waveguide WRJ10 is possible in the right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide 4 when B = 6.5 mm.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the reflection / transmission characteristics of the right / left-handed composite waveguide 4. The horizontal axis of the graph of FIG. 8 represents the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted, and the vertical axis represents the magnitude [dB] of the reflection coefficient S ₁₁ and the transmission coefficient S ₂₁ of the right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide 4. In both the reflection coefficient S ₁₁ and the transmission coefficient S ₂₁ , the dotted line is an actual measurement value, and the solid line is a calculation value by electromagnetic field simulation. The measured values are obtained by making a prototype of a right / left-handed composite waveguide in which 20 unit structures are connected and actually measuring the scattering characteristics. The electromagnetic field simulation is performed on a right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide having a structure in which four unit structures are connected, and its scattering characteristics are obtained by calculation.

  Both results are in good agreement, with an insertion loss of -0.831 dB and a reflection loss of -13.66 dB at a balance frequency of 7.86 GHz. Further, the frequency range in which the reflection loss is −10 dB or less is 7.40 to 11.8 GHz, and low-loss and broadband transmission characteristics can be realized.

  The right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide 4 as described above realizes a low-loss and high power-resistant transmission line at a frequency in the millimeter wave region or higher. Further, by providing a slot as in the right / left-handed composite waveguide 5, a leaky wave antenna with low loss and high power resistance can be realized. In addition, the right / left-handed composite waveguide of the present invention has a simple structure, can be manufactured by a simple process, and can reduce the manufacturing cost.

  In the above right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide, it is desirable that the unit structures are periodically arranged at equal intervals in the z-axis direction. However, even if the position of the unit structure does not have strictly accurate periodicity, the unit structure functions as a right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide, so that a positional shift within a certain range is allowed. That is, the position of the unit structure may include a deviation from the periodic position as well as the periodic arrangement at completely equal intervals. Moreover, it is good also as regular arrangement | positioning which changes the space | interval of a unit structure according to a predetermined numerical formula and rule. Here, the regular arrangement includes a periodic arrangement.

  Examples of applications of the above right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide include phasers using backward waves, omnidirectional radiated leakage wave antennas, beam scan antennas using dispersibility, dual-band circuits, and predistorters. In addition, there are many types of applied devices such as a pulse shaping circuit, a strong coupling backward coupler, a zero-order resonator, and a dual-band resonator.

  Furthermore, it can be designed as a balanced right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide having no band gap between right-hand / left-handed transmission characteristics. By adopting the balanced type, it is possible to realize a device that obtains a large characteristic change by adjusting a small frequency range. In addition, by using a dielectric constant variable medium, a magnetic permeability variable medium, a structure / dimension variable mechanism, and the like, it is possible to realize a device that can greatly change the wave number in a positive / negative range even at a constant frequency.

  The right / left-handed composite waveguide of the present invention has a low loss and a wide operating frequency, and can be used in a wide range of industrial fields. That is, various application devices such as an antenna, a phase shifter, a resonator, and a coupler having a novel function can be realized by using the right / left-handed composite waveguide of the present invention.

It is a figure which shows the relationship between the positive / negative area | region of dielectric constant (epsilon), and magnetic permeability (mu), and a medium. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a right / left-handed composite waveguide 4 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a structure of a unit structure 3 constituting a right / left-handed composite waveguide 4. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide 5 of the 2nd form of this invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a method for manufacturing the right / left-handed composite waveguide 4. 4 is a graph showing dispersion characteristics of a right / left-handed composite waveguide 4. 4 is a graph showing Bloch impedance of a right / left-handed composite waveguide 4. 4 is a graph showing reflection / transmission characteristics of a right / left-handed composite waveguide 4.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main waveguide 2 Tip short circuit stub 3 Unit structure 4,5 Right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide 10 1st metal plate 11, 21 Groove 12 Opening 13 Slot 20 2nd metal plate

Claims (6)

A right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide having a structure in which a plurality of unit structures (3) are arranged in a direction to transmit electromagnetic waves,
The unit structure (3) includes a main waveguide (1) and a tip short-circuited stub (2) branched from the main waveguide (1).
The medium inside the tip short circuit stub (2) is the same as the medium inside the main waveguide (1),
When operating as a left-handed waveguide,
The main waveguide (1) has a dimension that becomes a cutoff region at the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted,
The tip short-circuited stub (2) is a dimension that becomes a propagation region at the frequency of electromagnetic waves to be transmitted, and exhibits a capacitive impedance when viewed from the main waveguide (1),
When operating as a right-handed waveguide,
The main waveguide (1) is a dimension that becomes a propagation region at the frequency of electromagnetic waves to be transmitted,
The right-handed / left-handed composite waveguide has a dimension that becomes a propagation region at the frequency of an electromagnetic wave to be transmitted, and that shows inductive impedance when viewed from the main waveguide (1). . The right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide according to claim 1, wherein
The main waveguide (1) and the tip short-circuited stub (2) are rectangular waveguides having a rectangular cross-sectional shape,
A right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide in which the lateral dimension of the cross-section of the tip short-circuit stub (2) is larger than the lateral dimension of the cross-section of the main waveguide (1). A right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide according to claim 2,
A first metal substrate (10) having a concave groove (11) constituting the main waveguide (1) on one side;
A right / left-handed composite waveguide comprising a second metal substrate (20) having a plurality of concave grooves (21) constituting the tip short-circuited stub (2) on one side. A right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide according to claim 2,
The main waveguide (1) is a right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide in which a slot (13) is formed at a position facing the tip short-circuit stub (2). A method of manufacturing a right / left-handed composite waveguide having a structure in which a plurality of unit structures (3) are arranged in a direction in which electromagnetic waves are transmitted,
The unit structure (3) includes a main waveguide (1) and a tip short-circuited stub (2) branched from the main waveguide (1).
The medium inside the tip short circuit stub (2) is the same as the medium inside the main waveguide (1),
When operating as a left-handed waveguide,
The main waveguide (1) has a dimension that becomes a cutoff region at the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted,
The tip short-circuited stub (2) is a dimension that becomes a propagation region at the frequency of electromagnetic waves to be transmitted, and exhibits a capacitive impedance when viewed from the main waveguide (1),
When operating as a right-handed waveguide,
The main waveguide (1) is a dimension that becomes a propagation region at the frequency of electromagnetic waves to be transmitted,
The right-handed / left-handed composite waveguide has a dimension that becomes a propagation region at the frequency of an electromagnetic wave to be transmitted, and that shows inductive impedance when viewed from the main waveguide (1). Is a manufacturing method of
Forming a concave groove (11) constituting the main waveguide (1) on one side of the first metal plate (10) in the electromagnetic wave transmission direction;
Forming a plurality of concave grooves (21) constituting the tip short-circuit stub (2) on one side of the second metal plate (20) in a direction perpendicular to the electromagnetic wave transmission direction;
A method of manufacturing a right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide comprising a step of joining the first metal plate (10) and the second metal plate (20) to each other. A method of manufacturing a right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide according to claim 5,
  The main waveguide (1) and the tip short-circuited stub (2) are rectangular waveguides having a rectangular cross-sectional shape,
  A method for manufacturing a right-hand / left-handed composite waveguide, wherein a lateral dimension of a cross section of the tip short-circuited stub (2) is larger than a lateral dimension of a cross section of the main waveguide (1).

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