JP5062441B2 - Rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Rotating electric machine Download PDF

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JP5062441B2
JP5062441B2 JP2009171211A JP2009171211A JP5062441B2 JP 5062441 B2 JP5062441 B2 JP 5062441B2 JP 2009171211 A JP2009171211 A JP 2009171211A JP 2009171211 A JP2009171211 A JP 2009171211A JP 5062441 B2 JP5062441 B2 JP 5062441B2
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stator
bearing
plate
plates
pair
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JP2011030304A (en
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信一郎 栃尾
敏昭 田村
賢治 羽場
真也 作野
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西芝電機株式会社
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Description

本発明は、発電機等の回転電機に係り、特に土台枠上に固定子および軸受を個別に設置するように構成した回転電機に関する。   The present invention relates to a rotary electric machine such as a generator, and more particularly to a rotary electric machine configured such that a stator and a bearing are individually installed on a base frame.

直流機、同期機あるいは誘導機などの回転電機は、固定子と回転子によって構成され、機能面では電磁誘導の原理を利用し電気エネルギーと機械エネルギー(回転エネルギー)の相互変換をおこなうもので、回転子を固定子の中心に正確に位置して回転させなければならない。   A rotating electrical machine such as a DC machine, a synchronous machine, or an induction machine is composed of a stator and a rotor, and in terms of function, uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to perform mutual conversion between electrical energy and mechanical energy (rotational energy). The rotor must be rotated precisely positioned at the center of the stator.

回転子を支持する軸受および固定子を正確に位置決めするために、回転電機の構成要素を土台枠と呼ぶ共通の土台上に設置する構成の回転電機がある。この構成の回転電機の場合、共通の土台上に軸受座と鉄心押さえ板とを個別に設置して、軸受および固定子の位置決めを行うようにしている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。   In order to accurately position the bearing and the stator that support the rotor, there is a rotating electrical machine having a configuration in which components of the rotating electrical machine are installed on a common base called a base frame. In the case of a rotating electric machine having this configuration, a bearing seat and an iron core pressing plate are individually installed on a common base so as to position the bearing and the stator (for example, see Patent Document 1).

なお、特許文献1の構成の他にも、固定子および回転子の重量を支えられるように十分な剛性をもたせた箱状もしくは筒状の筐体内に固定子を収納するようにして、その筐体に軸受を設置するように構成した軸受ブラケット型の回転電機も存在するが、本発明の対象ではないため説明は省略する。   In addition to the configuration of Patent Document 1, the stator is housed in a box-shaped or cylindrical housing that has sufficient rigidity to support the weight of the stator and the rotor. There is a bearing bracket type rotating electrical machine configured to install a bearing on the body, but the description thereof is omitted because it is not a subject of the present invention.

以下、図5を参照して特許文献1に記載された回転電機の構成図について説明する。
図5は回転電機の中でも同期機の例を示す。1は固定子鉄心であり、環状に打ち抜かれた電磁鋼板を所定の厚みに積層し、その両端部を厚板で形成された鉄心押さえ板2で挟み、長ボルト3をナットで締め込むことによって電磁鋼板同士に圧縮力を加えて形状を保持するように構成している。しかも、この固定子鉄心1は、電磁鋼板の積層方向に適当な間隔で通風ダクト4を設けて放射方向の冷却空気の通り道を設けており、また、内周部には円周方向に沿って設けたスロットに固定子巻線5を巻装している。このようにして、固定子鉄心1、鉄心押さえ板2および固定子巻線5によって固定子6を構成している。
Hereinafter, the configuration diagram of the rotating electrical machine described in Patent Document 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 5 shows an example of a synchronous machine among rotating electrical machines. Reference numeral 1 denotes a stator iron core, in which electromagnetic steel plates punched in an annular shape are laminated to a predetermined thickness, and both end portions thereof are sandwiched between core holding plates 2 formed of thick plates, and long bolts 3 are tightened with nuts. The electromagnetic steel plates are configured to hold a shape by applying a compressive force. In addition, the stator core 1 is provided with ventilation ducts 4 at appropriate intervals in the laminating direction of the electromagnetic steel plates to provide a passage for cooling air in the radial direction, and the inner peripheral portion along the circumferential direction. The stator winding 5 is wound around the provided slot. In this way, the stator 6 is constituted by the stator core 1, the iron core pressing plate 2, and the stator winding 5.

前記した固定子鉄心1の両端部に設けられた鉄心押さえ板2は、左右の下部に張り出した形状の取付け脚部7を一体的に設けており、この取付け脚部7の下面に固定された取付け座8を介して土台枠(台床、ベースともいう)9の上面に設けられた固定子座10の上に設置されボルト・ナットで固定される。   The core presser plates 2 provided at both ends of the stator core 1 described above are integrally provided with mounting legs 7 projecting from the left and right lower parts, and are fixed to the lower surface of the mounting legs 7. It is installed on a stator seat 10 provided on the upper surface of a base frame (also called a base floor or base) 9 via a mounting seat 8 and fixed with bolts and nuts.

一方、回転軸11には回転子巻線12を巻装した突極型磁極13を継鉄によって取り付けて回転子14を構成している。
この回転軸11の両端部は、内部に潤滑油を満した軸受15によって回転自在に支持され、その軸受15は角柱状の軸受台16によって土台枠9の上面に設けられた軸受座15aの上に配置されボルト・ナットで固定される。
On the other hand, a salient pole type magnetic pole 13 around which a rotor winding 12 is wound is attached to a rotary shaft 11 by a yoke to constitute a rotor 14.
Both ends of the rotary shaft 11 are rotatably supported by bearings 15 filled with lubricating oil. The bearings 15 are mounted on a bearing seat 15 a provided on the upper surface of the base frame 9 by a prismatic bearing base 16. And is fixed with bolts and nuts.

このように構成された回転電機は、回転子巻線12に電流を流すことで回転磁界を形成し、その回転磁界が固定子巻線5と鎖交することによる電磁誘導により固定子巻線5に電圧を発生させることで、回転力を電力に変換する発電機となる。   The rotating electric machine configured as described above forms a rotating magnetic field by passing a current through the rotor winding 12, and the stator winding 5 by electromagnetic induction caused by the rotating magnetic field interlinking with the stator winding 5. By generating a voltage, the generator converts the rotational force into electric power.

また、外部から固定子6に電源が与えると固定子6に回転磁界を発生し、回転子14に発生した回転磁界との電磁作用によって回転すれば外部に回転エネルギーを供給する電動機となる。回転電機が発電機として使用される場合には、回転軸11にはエンジン、タービン、水車等の駆動源が接続され、また、回転電機が電動機として駆動源となる場合には回転軸11にはポンプ、圧縮機、送風機等の被駆動機器が接続される。   Further, when a power source is applied to the stator 6 from the outside, a rotating magnetic field is generated in the stator 6, and when rotating by an electromagnetic action with the rotating magnetic field generated in the rotor 14, an electric motor that supplies rotational energy to the outside is obtained. When the rotating electrical machine is used as a generator, a driving source such as an engine, a turbine, or a water turbine is connected to the rotating shaft 11, and when the rotating electrical machine is a driving source as an electric motor, the rotating shaft 11 is connected to the rotating shaft 11. Driven devices such as a pump, a compressor, and a blower are connected.

また、回転子14の両端の磁極13に隣接した位置には放射状の羽根17が取り付けられており、羽根17の回転によって固定子6の内部へ冷却空気を送風して、回転子巻線12および固定子巻線5、そのほか回転電機の構成部品を冷却するようになっている。そして、固定子6の内部へ送風された冷却空気は、通風ダクト4を通り固定子6の外側放射状に吐き出される。なお、図5には軸流方式の羽根17を採用しているが、冷却空気を送風できるものであれば、遠心力式等の任意の形式の羽根を採用しても良い。   Further, radial blades 17 are attached at positions adjacent to the magnetic poles 13 at both ends of the rotor 14, and cooling air is blown into the stator 6 by the rotation of the blades 17 so that the rotor windings 12 and The stator winding 5 and other components of the rotating electrical machine are cooled. The cooling air blown into the stator 6 passes through the ventilation duct 4 and is discharged radially outward of the stator 6. In addition, although the axial flow type blade | wing 17 is employ | adopted in FIG. 5, as long as cooling air can be ventilated, you may employ | adopt arbitrary types of blades, such as a centrifugal type.

上述した図5の構成の回転電機においては、固定子6および軸受15を土台枠9上面に設けた固定子座10および軸受座15aに載せるように設置すれば回転電機として構成できるため、固定子6および回転子14の設置作業や軸心を合致させる作業が容易であるという特徴がある。   In the rotating electrical machine having the configuration shown in FIG. 5 described above, the stator 6 and the bearing 15 can be configured as a rotating electrical machine if they are placed on the stator seat 10 and the bearing seat 15a provided on the upper surface of the base frame 9. 6 and the installation work of the rotor 14 and the work which makes an axial center agree | coincide are easy.

また、特許文献2のように、固定子6を土台枠9上で平行に移動させて保守点検を容易におこなえるように構成することも可能であり、さらに、土台枠9が固定子6および回転子14の重量を支えるように構成されているため、特許文献3のように、土台枠9上に設置された固定子6、回転子14、軸受15等の回転電機を構成する要素を覆うハウジングを設ける場合には、ハウジング自体には回転電機としての剛性や強度は必要とされないのでその設置は容易であるし、作業用穴を設けることで点検作業を容易にすることもできる。
さらにまた、特許文献4のように、土台枠9上にハウジングを防音カバーとして設けて騒音を低減するように構成することも可能である。
Further, as in Patent Document 2, it is possible to move the stator 6 in parallel on the base frame 9 so that maintenance inspection can be easily performed. Since it is configured to support the weight of the child 14, a housing that covers elements constituting the rotating electrical machine such as the stator 6, the rotor 14, and the bearing 15 installed on the base frame 9, as in Patent Document 3. When the housing is provided, the housing itself is not required to have rigidity and strength as a rotating electric machine, so that the installation thereof is easy, and the inspection work can be facilitated by providing a working hole.
Furthermore, as in Patent Document 4, it is possible to provide a housing as a soundproof cover on the base frame 9 to reduce noise.

このように、土台枠9上に固定子6および軸受15をそれぞれ個々に設置するように構成した回転電機では、その構成上の特徴から、土台枠9上での作業が容易である、土台枠9上にハウジングや防音カバー等の構造物を設けることが容易である等の種々の利点を有している。   Thus, in the rotating electrical machine configured to individually install the stator 6 and the bearing 15 on the base frame 9, the base frame 9 is easy to work on the base frame 9 due to its structural characteristics. 9 has various advantages such as being easy to provide a structure such as a housing and a soundproof cover.

特開2007−143301、JP2007-143301, 実願昭55‐174269、Actual application Sho 55-174269, 実願昭55‐141692、Actual application No. 55-141692, 実公昭40‐002918、Jikosho 40-002918,

しかしながら、図5の構成の回転電機を運転すると、固定子6および回転子14に変位あるいは振動が発生する場合がある。
図6および図7は、図5に示した回転電機をそれぞれ軸方向および側面からみた図を示す。ただし、課題を明確にするため固定子6の固定子巻線5および回転子14の磁極13等は省略し簡略化して表しているが、図5と同じ構成を対象としている。
However, when the rotating electrical machine having the configuration shown in FIG. 5 is operated, displacement or vibration may occur in the stator 6 and the rotor 14.
6 and 7 show views of the rotary electric machine shown in FIG. 5 as seen from the axial direction and the side surface, respectively. However, in order to clarify the problem, the stator winding 5 of the stator 6 and the magnetic pole 13 of the rotor 14 are omitted and simplified, but the same configuration as that of FIG.

図6および図7に示すとおり、土台枠9の上面に固定子6を設置する構成では、土台枠9の上面から固定子6および回転子14の軸中心線0−0までの高さhは、固定子6の外周半径rよりも若干高くなっている(h>r)。すなわち、土台枠9の上面から固定子6の重心である軸中心線0−0までの距離hは、固定子6の外周半径rよりも大きく、離れた位置関係となっている。   As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, in the configuration in which the stator 6 is installed on the upper surface of the base frame 9, the height h from the upper surface of the base frame 9 to the axial centerline 0-0 of the stator 6 and the rotor 14 is The outer peripheral radius r of the stator 6 is slightly higher (h> r). That is, the distance h from the upper surface of the base frame 9 to the axial center line 0-0 that is the center of gravity of the stator 6 is larger than the outer peripheral radius r of the stator 6 and is in a positional relationship.

また、軸受15は回転子14の軸中心0−0を、固定子6の軸中心0−0に合わせるために高い位置にする必要があり、そのため軸受15を支える軸受台16は高さ方向に長い角柱状に構成され、土台枠9の上面から回転子14の軸中心までの距離hは固定子6の外周半径rよりも大きくなり、図6および図7の例では固定子座10から固定子6の中心までの距離hと同じだけ離れている。   Further, the bearing 15 needs to be at a high position in order to align the axial center 0-0 of the rotor 14 with the axial center 0-0 of the stator 6, so that the bearing stand 16 supporting the bearing 15 is in the height direction. The distance h from the upper surface of the base frame 9 to the axial center of the rotor 14 is larger than the outer peripheral radius r of the stator 6. In the examples of FIGS. 6 and 7, the distance from the stator seat 10 is fixed. It is separated by the same distance h to the center of the child 6.

このように構成された回転電機を運転すると、回転子14の発生する磁界により、固定子6と回転子14には互いに引き寄せ合う力が発生する。また、回転子14の重量の不釣合によって軸受15を揺り動かす力が発生する。このような力が作用した場合の回転電機の状態を図8に示す。   When the rotating electric machine configured as described above is operated, the magnetic force generated by the rotor 14 generates a force that attracts the stator 6 and the rotor 14 to each other. Moreover, the force which rocks the bearing 15 by the imbalance of the weight of the rotor 14 generate | occur | produces. FIG. 8 shows the state of the rotating electrical machine when such a force is applied.

図8は図6に示す回転電機を運転した状態を示し、図6と同様に簡略化している。回転子13の磁極12が発生する磁界によって、回転子14と固定子6は引き寄せ合う。例えば回転子14が左方向に吸引力Fを受け、逆に固定子6は右方向に吸引力Fを受ける。図8では吸引力Fの作用点をそれぞれ回転子および固定子の中心で代表している。   FIG. 8 shows a state where the rotating electrical machine shown in FIG. 6 is operated, and is simplified similarly to FIG. The rotor 14 and the stator 6 are attracted by the magnetic field generated by the magnetic pole 12 of the rotor 13. For example, the rotor 14 receives the suction force F in the left direction, and the stator 6 receives the suction force F in the right direction. In FIG. 8, the point of action of the suction force F is represented by the center of the rotor and the stator, respectively.

図8に示すように、吸引力Fが作用することで軸受台16および鉄心押さえ板2が変形し変位を生じる。図8では軸受台16が変形することによる回転子14の軸中心の変位量をxと表し、鉄心押さえ板2が変形することによる固定子6の軸中心の変位量をyと表す。ただし、図8は説明のため実際に発生する変位を誇張して示している。   As shown in FIG. 8, when the suction force F acts, the bearing stand 16 and the iron core pressing plate 2 are deformed and displaced. In FIG. 8, the displacement amount of the shaft center of the rotor 14 due to the deformation of the bearing base 16 is represented by x, and the displacement amount of the shaft center of the stator 6 due to the deformation of the iron core pressing plate 2 is represented by y. However, FIG. 8 exaggerates the displacement actually generated for the sake of explanation.

また、回転子13に万一重量の不釣合いがある場合は、回転子14の重心位置と実際の回転中心である回転軸11の中心とが一致しないため、回転子14が回転することにより軸受15を揺動する力が発生し、磁界の吸引力Fと同様に変位を生じさせる。   In the unlikely event that the rotor 13 is unbalanced in weight, the center of gravity of the rotor 14 and the center of the rotary shaft 11 that is the actual center of rotation do not coincide with each other. A force that swings 15 is generated, causing a displacement similar to the magnetic field attractive force F.

この場合、重量の不釣合いによる力は、回転軸11の中心が作用点で、力の向きは回転軸11の中心から重心に向かうものとなり、回転軸11の回転に合わせてその力の向きは回転するものとなる。重量の不釣合による力によって軸受台16が変位し回転子14の軸心がずれると、その変位した方向の固定子6と回転子14は互いに接近する。互いの距離が縮まることにより、両者の問の磁界による吸引力Fが強くなるので軸受座や鉄心押さえ板2の変位はさらに大きくなる場合もある。   In this case, the force due to the unbalanced weight is the point of action at the center of the rotating shaft 11, and the direction of the force is from the center of the rotating shaft 11 to the center of gravity, and the direction of the force is in accordance with the rotation of the rotating shaft 11. It will rotate. When the bearing stand 16 is displaced by the force due to the unbalanced weight and the axis of the rotor 14 is displaced, the stator 6 and the rotor 14 in the displaced direction approach each other. By reducing the distance between the two, the attractive force F by the magnetic field between the two becomes stronger, so that the displacement of the bearing seat and the iron core holding plate 2 may be further increased.

このような変位もしくは振動は、固定子6および回転子14の支持剛性によって大きく変化する。従来の回転電機では、固定子6の重心位置および軸受15と軸受台16は、その固定部である土台枠9の上面から固定子6の外周半径rよりも大きく上方に離れたところにあるので、その支持剛性は弱く、この変位によって軸受台16を変形させ、その根元部分に応力を発生させる。また、回転軸11の変位は回転子14と固定子6の間の磁界による吸引力によって固定子6にも伝わり、結果として鉄心押さえ板2の脚部7に応力を発生させることになる。したがって、磁界の吸引力や振動による変位が回転電機の構成要素に過大な応力を発生させ、回転電機の耐久性に問題が発生することがあった。または、許容応力に余裕を持たせるために回転電機が大きく重たくなる場合があった。   Such displacement or vibration varies greatly depending on the support rigidity of the stator 6 and the rotor 14. In the conventional rotating electrical machine, the position of the center of gravity of the stator 6 and the bearing 15 and the bearing stand 16 are located farther upward than the outer peripheral radius r of the stator 6 from the upper surface of the base frame 9 that is the fixing portion. The supporting rigidity is weak, and this displacement causes the bearing base 16 to be deformed, and stress is generated at the base portion thereof. Further, the displacement of the rotating shaft 11 is also transmitted to the stator 6 by the attractive force due to the magnetic field between the rotor 14 and the stator 6, and as a result, stress is generated in the leg portion 7 of the iron core pressing plate 2. Therefore, the displacement due to the attractive force of the magnetic field or the vibration causes excessive stress to the constituent elements of the rotating electrical machine, which may cause a problem in the durability of the rotating electrical machine. Or, there is a case where the rotating electrical machine becomes large and heavy in order to provide a margin for the allowable stress.

次に、回転電機が外力を受ける場合を考える。
従来の回転電機の運転状態を側面から見た状態を図9に示す。回転電機は駆動源によって回転力を与えられ発電機として使用されたり、または、被駆動機器に回転力を与えるために電動機として使用されたりするが、その際に、回転軸に接続した機械からの影響を受ける。図9では回転軸11の左端に駆動源または被駆動機器が接続されているものとする。
Next, consider the case where the rotating electrical machine receives external force.
The state which looked at the driving | running state of the conventional rotary electric machine from the side is shown in FIG. A rotating electrical machine is used as a generator that is given a rotational force by a drive source, or is used as an electric motor to give a rotational force to a driven device. to be influenced. In FIG. 9, it is assumed that a driving source or a driven device is connected to the left end of the rotating shaft 11.

駆動源にはディーゼルエンジン、ガスエンジン、ガスタービン、水車、風車等の回転機械が考えられるが、回転力を伝えるものならその他のものでもよい。また、被駆動機器にはポンプ、圧縮機、送風機等の回転機械が考えられるが、回転力を受けて所定の仕事をするものであればその他のものでもよい。   The driving source may be a rotating machine such as a diesel engine, a gas engine, a gas turbine, a water wheel, or a windmill, but may be any other one that transmits rotational force. The driven device may be a rotary machine such as a pump, a compressor, or a blower, but may be any other device that receives a rotational force and performs a predetermined work.

これらの回転機械においては、回転軸11に対して軸方向に押したり、あるいは引いたりする軸方向の力Fを発生するものがある。その軸方向の力Fによって回転軸11を軸方向に揺さぶられることで、図9に示すように軸受15は軸方向に変位する。この変位をzと表している。   Some of these rotating machines generate an axial force F that is pushed or pulled in the axial direction with respect to the rotating shaft 11. By rotating the rotating shaft 11 in the axial direction by the axial force F, the bearing 15 is displaced in the axial direction as shown in FIG. This displacement is expressed as z.

この場合でも、図5に示した回転電機では、固定子6の重心位置および軸受15と軸受台16はその固定部である土台枠9上から固定子6の外周半径rよりも上方に離れたところにあるので、その支持剛性は弱く、この変位によって軸受台16を変形させ、軸受台16の根元部分に応力を発生させる。また、回転軸11の変位は回転子14と固定子6の間の磁界による吸引力によって固定子6にも伝わり、結果として鉄心押さえ板2の脚部7に応力を発生させることになる。したがって、回転機械から受ける軸方向の力Fによっても固定子6および回転子14に変位が生じる。回転電機の構成要素に過大な応力を発生させ、回転電機の耐久性に問題が発生することがあった。または、許容応力に余裕を持たせるために回転電機が大きく重たくなる場合があった。   Even in this case, in the rotating electrical machine shown in FIG. 5, the position of the center of gravity of the stator 6 and the bearing 15 and the bearing base 16 are separated above the outer peripheral radius r of the stator 6 from the base frame 9 as the fixing portion. However, since the support rigidity is weak, the bearing base 16 is deformed by this displacement, and stress is generated at the base portion of the bearing base 16. Further, the displacement of the rotating shaft 11 is also transmitted to the stator 6 by the attractive force due to the magnetic field between the rotor 14 and the stator 6, and as a result, stress is generated in the leg portion 7 of the iron core pressing plate 2. Accordingly, the stator 6 and the rotor 14 are also displaced by the axial force F received from the rotating machine. Excessive stress is generated in the components of the rotating electrical machine, which may cause problems with the durability of the rotating electrical machine. Or, there is a case where the rotating electrical machine becomes large and heavy in order to provide a margin for the allowable stress.

本発明は上記の課題を解決するためになされたもので、固定子および軸受の支持剛性を向上させ、変位が少ない回転電機を提供することを目的とするものである。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a rotating electrical machine that improves the support rigidity of a stator and a bearing and has little displacement.

上記の目的を達成するために、請求項1に係る発明は、環状の固定子鉄心およびこの固定子鉄心の内周面に巻回された固定子巻線から構成される固定子と、前記固定子内に配置され固定子に対して相対的に回転可能な回転子と、前記回転子を支持する軸受と、固定子座を介して前記固定子を設置するための固定子設置板および軸受座を介して前記軸受を設置するための軸受設置板を有する土台枠と、からなる回転電機において、前記土台枠は、ほぼコ字形に形成されて両端部を互いに対向させるように配置されるとともに前記固定子座を設けた一対の固定子設置板と、基底板と、これら固定子設置板および基底板間を接合する縦板と、前記一対の固定子設置板の対向する両端部間に配置されるとともに当該固定子設置板の上面から所定の寸法だけ低い位置に設置されかつ前記軸受座を設けた一対の軸受設置板と、前記一対の固定子設置板、基底板および一対の軸受設置板で形成した枠体の内部空間部を前記固定子の下半分の一部を収納可能な形状とし、当該内部空間部を下から覆うカバーと、前記固定子設置板および基底板間を接合するとともに、前記軸受設置板およびカバー間を接合する一対の側面板と、前記固定子設置板の両端部間および軸受設置板で形成した凹部を前記内部空間部から閉塞する隔壁板と、から構成したことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is directed to a stator including an annular stator core and a stator winding wound around an inner peripheral surface of the stator core, and the fixing A rotor disposed in the rotor and rotatable relative to the stator, a bearing supporting the rotor, a stator installation plate and a bearing seat for installing the stator via the stator seat Te rotary electric machine odor consisting a base frame having a bearing mounting plate for mounting the bearing through the base frame, while being arranged so as to face each other at both ends are formed in substantially C-shape A pair of stator installation plates provided with the stator seat, a base plate, a vertical plate that joins between the stator installation plate and the base plate, and disposed between opposite ends of the pair of stator installation plates And a predetermined dimension from the upper surface of the stator installation plate. An inner space portion of a frame formed by a pair of bearing installation plates installed at a low position and provided with the bearing seat, and the pair of stator installation plates, a base plate, and a pair of bearing installation plates is disposed on the stator. A pair of sides that form a shape that can accommodate a part of the lower half and that cover the inner space portion from below, and join between the stator installation plate and the base plate, and between the bearing installation plate and the cover It is comprised from the faceplate and the partition plate which obstruct | occludes the recessed part formed with the both ends of the said stator installation board and the bearing installation board from the said internal space part .

本発明によれば、土台枠から固定子重心までの距離と、土台枠から軸受までの距離を短くして支持剛性を向上させるようにしたので、変位および振動が少ない回転電機を提供することができる。   According to the present invention, the distance from the base frame to the center of gravity of the stator and the distance from the base frame to the bearing are shortened to improve the support rigidity. Therefore, it is possible to provide a rotating electrical machine with less displacement and vibration. it can.

本発明の実施形態における回転電機の設置状態を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows the installation state of the rotary electric machine in embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態における回転電機の土台枠を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows the base frame of the rotary electric machine in embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態における回転電機を回転軸方向から見た簡略図。The simplified view which looked at the rotary electric machine in embodiment of this invention from the rotating shaft direction. 本発明の実施形態における回転電機を正面から見た簡略図。The simplified view which looked at the rotary electric machine in the embodiment of the present invention from the front. 従来の回転電機の設置状態を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows the installation state of the conventional rotary electric machine. 従来の回転電機を回転軸方向から見た簡略図。The simplified view which looked at the conventional rotary electric machine from the rotating shaft direction. 従来の回転電機を正面から見た簡略図。The simplified view which looked at the conventional rotary electric machine from the front. 運転中の従来の回転電機を回転軸方向から見た簡略図。The simplified view which looked at the conventional rotary electric machine in driving | operation from the rotating shaft direction. 運転中の従来の回転電機を正面から見た簡略図。The simplified view which looked at the conventional rotary electric machine under operation from the front.

以下、本発明の実施形態について、図1乃至図4を参照して説明する。なお、図5乃至図9に示す従来の回転電機と同一部分には同一符号を付して重複する説明は適宜省略する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same part as the conventional rotary electric machine shown in FIG. 5 thru | or 9, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.

回転電機は周知のように固定子と回転子から構成され、外部から回転エネルギーが与えられ、回転子側が直流で励磁されると、その磁力によって固定子側に回転子と同期した電力を発生する同期発電機となる。また反対に、外部から固定子に電源が与えられると固定子コイルではその電源により回転磁界を発生する。回転子が発生した回転磁界との電磁作用によって回転すれば外部に回転エネルギーを供給する電動機となる。上記のように、固定子と回転子の間で発生する電磁作用を利用した回転電機としては、誘導電動機、誘導発電機、直流電動機、直流発電機、同期電動機、同期発電機、同期調相機等がある。   As is well known, a rotating electrical machine is composed of a stator and a rotor. When rotating energy is applied from the outside and the rotor side is excited with direct current, the magnetic force generates electric power synchronized with the rotor on the stator side. It becomes a synchronous generator. On the other hand, when power is supplied to the stator from the outside, the stator coil generates a rotating magnetic field by the power. If the rotor is rotated by electromagnetic action with the rotating magnetic field generated by the rotor, it becomes an electric motor that supplies rotational energy to the outside. As described above, as a rotating electrical machine using an electromagnetic action generated between a stator and a rotor, an induction motor, an induction generator, a DC motor, a DC generator, a synchronous motor, a synchronous generator, a synchronous phase adjuster, etc. There is.

図1は本発明の実施形態を示す図で、特に同期発電機または同期電動機の斜視図である。図2は回転電機の土台枠(台床またはベースともいう)を示す斜視図である。
図1および図2で示すように、本実施形態による土台枠18は、以下説明する部品18aから18iによって構成されている。
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and is particularly a perspective view of a synchronous generator or a synchronous motor. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a base frame (also called a base or base) of the rotating electrical machine.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the foundation frame 18 according to the present embodiment is composed of parts 18 a to 18 i described below.

すなわち、回転電機の固定子19を両側から挟むように、ほぼコ字形に形成された一対の固定子設置板18aと、この一対の固定子設置板18aの真下に位置するように図示しない基礎上に設置され、互いに対向させるように配置された一対の基底板18bと、これら固定子設置板18aおよび基底板18bを接合する縦板18cと、固定子設置板18a、基底板18bおよび縦板18c間を接合する複数枚の補強板18dと、前記一対の固定子設置板18aの対向する両端部18a1の間に配置されて固定子設置板18aの上面から寸法Gだけ低い高さとなるように設置された軸受設置板18eと、前記一対の固定子設置板18a、一対の基底板18bおよび一対の軸受設置板18eで形成した枠体の内部空間部18fの下部を船底の形状に構成し、この船底状の内部空間部を下から覆う船底の形状をしたカバー18gと、前記固定子設置板18aおよび基底板18bの間を接合するとともに、軸受設置板18eおよびカバー18g間を接合するほぼコ字形に形成された一対の側面板18hと、前記固定子設置板18aの両端部18a1間および軸受設置板18eで形成した凹部を内部空間部18f側から閉塞する隔壁板18i、とから構成されている。   That is, a pair of stator installation plates 18a formed in a substantially U shape so as to sandwich the stator 19 of the rotating electrical machine from both sides, and a foundation (not shown) so as to be positioned directly below the pair of stator installation plates 18a. A pair of base plates 18b arranged to face each other, a vertical plate 18c that joins the stator installation plate 18a and the base plate 18b, and a stator installation plate 18a, a base plate 18b, and a vertical plate 18c. It is arranged between a plurality of reinforcing plates 18d that join each other and the opposite ends 18a1 of the pair of stator installation plates 18a, and is installed so as to have a height that is lower than the upper surface of the stator installation plate 18a by a dimension G. The bottom of the inner space portion 18f of the frame formed by the bearing installation plate 18e, the pair of stator installation plates 18a, the pair of base plates 18b, and the pair of bearing installation plates 18e is the shape of the bottom of the ship. The cover 18g having a ship bottom shape that covers the ship bottom-like internal space from below is joined to the stator installation plate 18a and the base plate 18b, and the bearing installation plate 18e and the cover 18g are joined to each other. A pair of side plates 18h formed in a substantially U shape, and a partition plate 18i that closes a recess formed by the bearing installation plate 18e between both end portions 18a1 and the bearing installation plate 18e of the stator installation plate 18a. It is configured.

なお、以上の説明では、内部空間部18fの下部は船底の形状であり、カバーも船底の形状であると説明したが、要するに内部空間部18fは固定子19の下半部の一部を収納できる形状であればよく、また、この内部空間部18fに収納された固定子19の下半部の一部を下から覆うカバーであれば、図1乃至4に記載の形状に拘る必要はない。   In the above description, it has been described that the lower portion of the internal space portion 18f has the shape of the bottom of the ship and the cover has the shape of the bottom of the boat. In short, the internal space portion 18f accommodates a part of the lower half of the stator 19. Any shape can be used as long as it is a cover that covers a part of the lower half of the stator 19 housed in the internal space 18f from below, and the shape shown in FIGS. .

そして、これら固定子設置板18a、基底板18b、縦板18c、補強板18d、軸受設置板18e、カバー18g、側面板18hおよび隔壁板18iの互いに接触する部分は、溶接等で強固に接合することによって土台枠18全体の剛性を高めるようにしている。
なお、上記の説明では基底板18bと軸受設置板18eとを別の板で構成したが、可能であれば基底板18bと軸受設置板18eとを一枚の板で構成してもよい。
The parts of the stator installation plate 18a, the base plate 18b, the vertical plate 18c, the reinforcing plate 18d, the bearing installation plate 18e, the cover 18g, the side plate 18h, and the partition plate 18i that are in contact with each other are firmly joined by welding or the like. Thus, the rigidity of the entire base frame 18 is increased.
In the above description, the base plate 18b and the bearing installation plate 18e are configured as separate plates. However, if possible, the base plate 18b and the bearing installation plate 18e may be configured as a single plate.

このように構成された土台枠18の前記一対の固定子設置板18aの中間部分にはそれぞれ2個ずつ固定子座10を設け、この固定子座10に対して、固定子19の両端の鉄心押さえ板20に張り出す形状で設けた脚部21の下面に固定された取付け座22を載置し、固定子座10および取付け座22間をボルト・ナットで固定する。   Two stator seats 10 are provided in the middle portion of the pair of stator installation plates 18a of the base frame 18 thus configured, and the iron cores at both ends of the stator 19 are provided with respect to the stator seat 10. A mounting seat 22 fixed on the lower surface of the leg portion 21 provided in a shape projecting from the pressing plate 20 is placed, and the stator seat 10 and the mounting seat 22 are fixed with bolts and nuts.

そして、軸受設置板18eの位置は前述したように、前記固定子設置板18aよりも寸法G分だけ低くなっており、その高さ寸法G分だけ低い一対の軸受設置板18eに、それぞれ2個ずつ軸受座23を設け、この軸受座23に軸受15を載置し、ボルト・ナット等で固定することによって回転電機の据付が完了する。この据付完了状態では、固定子19の下半部の一部は土台枠18の空間部18fの中に収納される。   As described above, the position of the bearing installation plate 18e is lower by the dimension G than the stator installation plate 18a, and two of each of the pair of bearing installation plates 18e are lower by the height dimension G. The installation of the rotating electrical machine is completed by providing the bearing seats 23 one by one, placing the bearings 15 on the bearing seats 23 and fixing them with bolts and nuts. In this installation completed state, a part of the lower half of the stator 19 is accommodated in the space 18 f of the base frame 18.

次に、図3および図4を参照して説明する。
図3および図4はそれぞれ図1を回転軸方向および正面から見た図であるが、本実施形態の特徴点を明確にするために、固定子19の固定子巻線5および回転子13の磁極12等を省略し、全体として簡略化して示している。
Next, a description will be given with reference to FIGS.
3 and 4 are views of FIG. 1 as viewed from the direction of the rotation axis and from the front, respectively, but in order to clarify the feature points of the present embodiment, the stator winding 5 and the rotor 13 of the stator 19 are clearly shown. The magnetic pole 12 and the like are omitted, and the whole is simplified.

図3および図4に示すように、土台枠18の固定子設置板18aから固定子19の中心0−0までの垂直方向の距離Hを固定子19の外周半径rよりも小さく(H<r)しており、特に破線で示すように固定子19の一部が土台枠18の固定子設置板18aよりも寸法G分だけ下方に位置している。したがって、従来の回転電機の寸法関係を示した図6に比べて、固定子19の中心0−0は土台枠18の固定子設置板18aにより近くなる。   As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the vertical distance H from the stator installation plate 18a of the base frame 18 to the center 0-0 of the stator 19 is smaller than the outer peripheral radius r of the stator 19 (H <r In particular, as indicated by a broken line, a part of the stator 19 is positioned below the stator installation plate 18a of the base frame 18 by a dimension G. Therefore, the center 0-0 of the stator 19 is closer to the stator installation plate 18a of the base frame 18 than FIG. 6 showing the dimensional relationship of the conventional rotating electrical machine.

次に、図3において固定子19と回転子13の間に吸引力Fが水平方向に働いた場合の固定子19の支持剛性を考察する。
固定子19の中心0−0から土台枠18の固定子設置板18aまでの垂直方向の距離がHのとき、固定子にはF×Hの回転モーメントが発生し、そのモーメントにより固定子19を変形させ変位を生じさせ、結果として、鉄心押さえ板20の脚部21に応力を発生させることになる。したがって、吸引力Fが同じであれば距離Hが小さいほど固定子19を回そうとするモーメン卜は小さくできるので、距離Hが小さいほどその支持剛性は高い。
Next, the support rigidity of the stator 19 when the suction force F acts in the horizontal direction between the stator 19 and the rotor 13 in FIG. 3 will be considered.
When the vertical distance from the center 0-0 of the stator 19 to the stator installation plate 18a of the base frame 18 is H, an F × H rotational moment is generated in the stator, and the stator 19 is caused by the moment. As a result, a stress is generated in the leg portion 21 of the iron core pressing plate 20. Therefore, if the suction force F is the same, the smaller the distance H, the smaller the momentum that tries to rotate the stator 19, so the smaller the distance H, the higher the supporting rigidity.

図6に示した従来の回転電機における土台枠9の上面から固定子6または回転子14の中心0−0までの垂直方向の距離hに比べ、本実施形態による回転電機では距離Hを小さくできる(H<h)ので、その支持剛性はより高くなる。   Compared to the vertical distance h from the upper surface of the base frame 9 to the center 0-0 of the stator 6 or the rotor 14 in the conventional rotating electric machine shown in FIG. 6, the distance H can be reduced in the rotating electric machine according to the present embodiment. Since (H <h), the support rigidity becomes higher.

また、本実施形態では回転軸10の中心0−0から軸受座23の下面までの垂直方向の距離はIであり、吸引力Fが発生したときの回転モーメントは、F×Iである。これに対して図6に示した従来の回転電機の場合、回転モーメントはF×h(F×I<F×h)であり、本実施形態による回転電機の方が支持剛性はより高くなる。   In the present embodiment, the vertical distance from the center 0-0 of the rotating shaft 10 to the lower surface of the bearing seat 23 is I, and the rotational moment when the suction force F is generated is F × I. On the other hand, in the case of the conventional rotating electrical machine shown in FIG. 6, the rotational moment is F × h (F × I <F × h), and the supporting rigidity of the rotating electrical machine according to the present embodiment is higher.

なお、以上の説明では軸受座23の位置を寸法Gだけ低くしたが、この関係は必須ではなく、固定子19の中心0−0から土台枠18の固定子設置板18aまでの垂直方向の距離Hが、固定子19の外周半径rよりも小(H<r)であれば、同様な効果を得ることができる。   In the above description, the position of the bearing seat 23 is lowered by the dimension G, but this relationship is not essential, and the vertical distance from the center 0-0 of the stator 19 to the stator installation plate 18a of the base frame 18 If H is smaller than the outer peripheral radius r of the stator 19 (H <r), the same effect can be obtained.

したがって、回転子14が発生する磁界により、固定子19と回転子14には互いに引き寄せあう力が発生した場合や、回転子14の重量の不釣合いによって軸受15を揺り動かす力が発生したときにも、固定子19および回転軸11の中心がずれる変位や振動は小さく、よって従来の回転電機に比べて回転電機の構成要素に過大な力が発生することはより小さくできる。   Therefore, when the magnetic force generated by the rotor 14 causes a force that attracts the stator 19 and the rotor 14 to each other or when a force that swings the bearing 15 due to an imbalance in the weight of the rotor 14 is generated. The displacement and vibration that cause the centers of the stator 19 and the rotating shaft 11 to shift are small, so that it is possible to reduce the occurrence of excessive force on the components of the rotating electrical machine as compared with the conventional rotating electrical machine.

また、固定子鉄心1には適当な間隔で冷却のための通風ダクト4が設けられており、従来の回転電機と同様に回転子14が回転することによって、羽根17が空気を送風し、固定子19の内側から外側へ向かって通風ダクト4を通って吐き出される。仮に土台枠18の底面にカバー18gを設けずに、固定子19の下部が露出した状態を考えると、通風ダクト4から吐き出された冷却空気はそのまま開放空間へ拡散していく。しかし、回転電機の設置状態はその設置場所によって様々であり、固定子19の下部の開放空間がどのような状態である力を回転電機の設計段階で予測することは不可能である。   The stator core 1 is provided with ventilation ducts 4 for cooling at appropriate intervals. When the rotor 14 rotates in the same manner as in a conventional rotating electrical machine, the blade 17 blows air to fix the stator. The air is discharged through the ventilation duct 4 from the inside of the child 19 to the outside. Considering a state where the lower portion of the stator 19 is exposed without providing the cover 18g on the bottom surface of the base frame 18, the cooling air discharged from the ventilation duct 4 is diffused into the open space as it is. However, the installation state of the rotating electrical machine varies depending on the installation location, and it is impossible to predict the force in what state the open space below the stator 19 is at the design stage of the rotating electrical machine.

このような場合、回転電機の設置状態によっては固定子19の下部の冷却空気の通風抵抗が大きく変化し、設計時に想定した冷却風量とすることは困難であるが、本実施形態では、固定子19の下部を覆う船底のような形状のカバー18gを設けたことにより、回転電機がどのような場所に設置されても固定子19の下部の状態は変わらないため、設計時に想定した冷却空気の風量とすることができる。   In such a case, depending on the installation state of the rotating electrical machine, the ventilation resistance of the cooling air below the stator 19 changes greatly, and it is difficult to obtain the cooling air volume assumed at the time of design. By providing a cover 18g shaped like a ship bottom that covers the lower part of 19, the state of the lower part of the stator 19 does not change no matter where the rotating electrical machine is installed. Air volume can be used.

また、カバー18gによって土台枠18の底面を船底のように構成することで、土台枠18自体の剛性を向上させ、さらに、固定子設置板18aと、ほぼコ字形に形成された側面板18hと、軸受設置板18eとで凹状の空間部と、枠体内部の空間部18fとの間を垂直な隔壁18iによって閉塞し、接合部を溶接するようにしたので、土台枠18全体の剛性を高めることができ、固定子19および回転軸11の中心がずれる変位を一層小さくできる。さらに、軸受15から潤滑油が漏洩した場合においても、隔壁18iによって漏洩した潤滑油が固定子19側へ流れることを防ぐことができ、漏洩した潤滑油が固定子巻線5に付着した場合の絶縁不良等の不具合の発生を回避することができる。   Further, the bottom surface of the base frame 18 is configured like a ship bottom by the cover 18g, thereby improving the rigidity of the base frame 18 itself, and further, a stator installation plate 18a and a side plate 18h formed in a substantially U-shape. Since the space between the concave space portion with the bearing installation plate 18e and the space portion 18f inside the frame is closed by the vertical partition wall 18i and the joint portion is welded, the rigidity of the entire base frame 18 is increased. Thus, the displacement of the center of the stator 19 and the rotating shaft 11 can be further reduced. Furthermore, even when the lubricating oil leaks from the bearing 15, the lubricating oil leaked by the partition wall 18 i can be prevented from flowing to the stator 19 side, and the leaked lubricating oil adheres to the stator winding 5. Occurrence of defects such as insulation failure can be avoided.

1…固定子鉄心、3…長ボルト、4…通風ダクト、5…固定子巻線、10…固定子座、11…回転軸、12…回転子巻線、13…磁極、14…回転子、15…軸受、17…羽根、18…土台枠、18a…固定子設置板、18b基底板、18c…縦板、18d…補強板、18e…軸受設置板、18f…内部空間部、18g…カバー、18h…側面板、18i…隔壁板、19…固定子、20…鉄心押さえ板、21…脚部、22…取付け座、23…軸受座。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Stator iron core, 3 ... Long bolt, 4 ... Ventilation duct, 5 ... Stator winding, 10 ... Stator seat, 11 ... Rotating shaft, 12 ... Rotor winding, 13 ... Magnetic pole, 14 ... Rotor, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 ... Bearing, 17 ... Blade | wing, 18 ... Base frame, 18a ... Stator installation board, 18b base plate, 18c ... Vertical board, 18d ... Reinforcement board, 18e ... Bearing installation board, 18f ... Internal space part, 18g ... Cover, 18h ... side plate, 18i ... partition plate, 19 ... stator, 20 ... iron core pressing plate, 21 ... leg, 22 ... mounting seat, 23 ... bearing seat.

Claims (3)

環状の固定子鉄心およびこの固定子鉄心の内周面に巻回された固定子巻線から構成される固定子と、前記固定子内に配置され固定子に対して相対的に回転可能な回転子と、前記回転子を支持する軸受と、固定子座を介して前記固定子を設置するための固定子設置板および軸受座を介して前記軸受を設置するための軸受設置板を有する土台枠と、からなる回転電機において、
前記土台枠は、ほぼコ字形に形成されて両端部を互いに対向させるように配置されるとともに前記固定子座を設けた一対の固定子設置板と、基底板と、これら固定子設置板および基底板間を接合する縦板と、前記一対の固定子設置板の対向する両端部間に配置されるとともに当該固定子設置板の上面から所定の寸法だけ低い位置に設置されかつ前記軸受座を設けた一対の軸受設置板と、前記一対の固定子設置板、基底板および一対の軸受設置板で形成した枠体の内部空間部を前記固定子の下半分の一部を収納可能な形状とし、当該内部空間部を下から覆うカバーと、前記固定子設置板および基底板間を接合するとともに、前記軸受設置板およびカバー間を接合する一対の側面板と、前記固定子設置板の両端部間および軸受設置板で形成した凹部を前記内部空間部から閉塞する隔壁板と、から構成したことを特徴とする回転電機。
A stator composed of an annular stator core and a stator winding wound around the inner peripheral surface of the stator core, and a rotation arranged in the stator and rotatable relative to the stator A base frame having a rotor, a bearing for supporting the rotor, a stator installation plate for installing the stator via a stator seat, and a bearing installation plate for installing the bearing via the bearing seat If, Te rotary electric machine odor consisting
The base frame is formed in a substantially U-shape and is arranged so that both ends thereof are opposed to each other, and a pair of stator installation plates provided with the stator seat, a base plate, the stator installation plate and the base A vertical plate that joins between the plates and the opposite ends of the pair of stator installation plates, and is installed at a position lower than the upper surface of the stator installation plate by a predetermined dimension and is provided with the bearing seat The inner space portion of the frame formed by the pair of bearing installation plates and the pair of stator installation plates, the base plate and the pair of bearing installation plates has a shape capable of storing a part of the lower half of the stator, A cover that covers the internal space portion from below, a pair of side plates that join between the bearing installation plate and the cover, and a gap between both ends of the stator installation plate. And recesses formed by bearing mounting plates Electric rotating machine, characterized by being configured from a partition plate for closing from the internal space portion.
前記土台枠で形成された内部空間部を前記固定子の下半部の一部を収納可能な形状とし、当該内部空間部を下からカバーによって覆うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の回転電機。   2. The rotation according to claim 1, wherein the internal space formed by the base frame has a shape capable of storing a part of a lower half of the stator, and the internal space is covered with a cover from below. Electric. 前記土台枠は、ほぼコ字形に形成されて両端部を互いに対向させるように配置されるとともに前記固定子座を設けた一対の固定子設置板と、基底板と、これら固定子設置板および基底板間を接合する縦板と、前記一対の固定子設置板の対向する両端部間に配置されるとともに当該固定子設置板の上面から所定の寸法だけ低い位置に設置されかつ前記軸受座を設けた一対の軸受設置板と、前記一対の固定子設置板、基底板および一対の軸受設置板で形成した枠体の内部空間部を下から覆うカバーと、前記固定子設置板および基底板間を接合するとともに、軸受設置板およびカバー間を接合する一対の側面板と、前記固定子設置板の両端部間および軸受設置板で形成した凹部を前記内部空間部側から閉塞する隔壁板、とから構成したことを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の回転電機。   The base frame is formed in a substantially U-shape and is arranged so that both ends thereof are opposed to each other, and a pair of stator installation plates provided with the stator seat, a base plate, the stator installation plate and the base A vertical plate that joins between the plates and the opposite ends of the pair of stator installation plates, and is installed at a position lower than the upper surface of the stator installation plate by a predetermined dimension and is provided with the bearing seat A pair of bearing installation plates, a cover that covers the inner space portion of the frame formed by the pair of stator installation plates, the base plate, and the pair of bearing installation plates from below, and between the stator installation plate and the base plate A pair of side plates that join between the bearing installation plate and the cover, and a partition plate that closes the recesses formed between the both ends of the stator installation plate and the bearing installation plate from the inner space portion side. With the features The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 or claim 2 that.
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